INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET SAA6588 RDS/RBDS pre-processor Product specification File under Integrated Circuits, IC01 1997 Sep 01 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 FEATURES • Integrated switched capacitor filters • Demodulation of the European Radio Data System (RDS) or the USA Radio Broadcast Data System (RBDS) signal • RDS and RBDS block detection The RDS/RBDS pre-processor is a CMOS device that integrates all RDS/RBDS relevant functions in one chip. The IC contains filtering and demodulation of the RDS/RBDS signal, symbol decoding, block synchronization, error detection, error correction and additional detectors for multi-path, signal quality and audio signal pauses. The pre-processed RDS/RBDS information is available via the I2C-bus. • Error detection and correction • Fast block synchronization • Synchronization control (flywheel) • Mode control for RDS/RBDS processing • Different RDS/RBDS block information output modes (e.g. A-block output mode) • Fast I2C-bus interface The RDS/RBDS pre-processor replaces a number of ICs and peripheral components used nowadays in car radio concepts with RDS or RBDS features. The integration of the relevant RDS/RBDS data processing functions provides, in an economic manner, high performance of RDS/RBDS processing and reduces the real-time requirements for the main radio microcontroller considerably. In addition it simplifies the development of the RDS specific software for the main controller of the radio set. • Multi-path detector • Signal quality detector with sensitivity adjustment • Pause detector with pause level and time adjustment • Alternatively oscillator frequency: n × 4.332 MHz (n = 1 to 4) • UART compatible with 17.328 MHz (n = 4) • CMOS device • Single supply voltage • Extended temperature range (−40 to +85 °C). Compared with standard radio systems, RDS/RBDS controlled radio systems additionally require an RDS/RBDS demodulator with a 57 kHz band-pass filter, information about the current reception situation (reception quality, multi-path disturbance etc.), and additional microcontroller power for RDS/RBDS data processing, decoding and radio control. GENERAL DESCRIPTION Today most FM radio stations in Europe and meanwhile also many FM/AM radio broadcasting stations in the USA transmit the inaudible European RDS (Radio Data System) or the USA RBDS (Radio Broadcast Data System) informations respectively. Likewise nowadays receivers, most car radios and also some home and portable radios on the market include at least some of the RDS features. The new RDS/RBDS pre-processor includes all these specific functions and meets all requirements of a high end RDS/RBDS radio. Moreover the timing requirements of the set controller, regarding RDS/RBDS data processing are reduced due to the integration of decoder functions, so that the development of radio control software can be concentrated specifically on radio set features. The RDS/RBDS system offers a large range of applications by its many functions to be implemented. For car radios the most important are: • Program Service (PS) name • Traffic Program (TP) identification • Traffic Announcement (TA) signal • Alternative Frequency (AF) list • Program Identification (PI) • Enhanced Other Networks (EON) information. 1997 Sep 01 2 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 QUICK REFERENCE DATA SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT VDDA analog supply voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V VDDD digital supply voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V IDD(tot) total supply current − 14.0 − mA Vi(MPX) RDS input sensitivity at pin MPX 1 − − mV ∆GSQ step size for signal quality input gain − 0.6 − dB CRGSQ control range for signal quality input gain − 18.6 − dB tPON(min) minimum time for pause adjustable in 4 steps 20.2 − 161.7 ms fi(xtal) crystal input frequency n=1 − 4.332 − MHz n=2 − 8.664 − MHz n=3 − 12.996 − MHz n=4 − 17.328 − MHz ORDERING INFORMATION TYPE NUMBER PACKAGE NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION SAA6588 DIP20 plastic dual in-line package; 20 leads (300 mil) SOT146-1 SAA6588T SO20 plastic small outline package; 20 leads; body width 7.5 mm SOT163-1 1997 Sep 01 3 1997 Sep 01 4 +5 V level input 0.47 µF C2 audio inputs C3 C8 100 nF 2.2 nF C11 0.47 µF R2 10 R3 kΩ 330 pF multiplex C1 input VDDA 14 LVIN 20 AFIN 13 10 kΩ MPX 16 C10 Vref CIN C4 47 pF R4 470 kΩ n × 4.332 MHz n = 1 to 4 Q1 OSCI 5 OSCILLATOR AND CLOCK 4 5 4 C5 82 pF R1 1 kΩ OSCO 4 SIGNAL QUALITY DETECTOR RDS/RDBS DEMODULATOR VDDD RDS/RDBS DECODER 7 VSSD 6 MAD 12 I2C-BUS SLAVE TRANSCEIVER INTERFACE REGISTER +5 V MGK535 10 SCL 9 SDA 2 MPTH 11 PSWN 8 DAVN C9 100 nF I2C-BUS pause output multi-path output data available RDS/RBDS pre-processor Fig.1 Block diagram. C6 100 nF 1 MRO 3 TCON TEST CONTROL MULTI-PATH DETECTOR SAA6588 CLOCKED COMPARATOR 19 handbook, full pagewidth C7 2.2 µF 17 VSSA 18 15 POWER SUPPLY AND RESET PAUSE DETECTOR 57 kHz 8th ORDER BAND-PASS SCOUT 560 pF Philips Semiconductors Product specification SAA6588 BLOCK DIAGRAM Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 PINNING SYMBOL PIN SYMBOL DESCRIPTION PIN DESCRIPTION MRO 1 multi-path rectifier output PSWN 11 pause switch output (active LOW) MPTH 2 multi-path detector output MAD 12 slave address (LSB) input TCON 3 test control input pin AFIN 13 audio signal input OSCO 4 oscillator output VDDA 14 analog supply voltage (5 V) OSCI 5 oscillator input VSSA 15 analog ground (0 V) VSSD 6 digital ground (0 V) MPX 16 multiplex input signal VDDD 7 digital supply voltage (5 V) Vref 17 reference voltage output 18 band-pass filter output DAVN 8 data available output (active LOW) SCOUT SDA 9 I2C-bus serial data I/O CIN 19 comparator input 10 I2C-bus LVIN 20 level input SCL serial clock input handbook, halfpage MRO 1 20 LVIN handbook, halfpage MRO 1 20 LVIN MPTH 2 19 CIN MPTH 2 19 CIN TCON 3 18 SCOUT TCON 3 18 SCOUT OSCO 4 17 Vref OSCO 4 17 Vref 16 MPX OSCI 5 SAA6588T 16 MPX VSSD 6 15 VSSA VSSD 6 15 VSSA VDDD 7 14 VDDA VDDD 7 14 VDDA DAVN 8 13 AFIN DAVN 8 13 AFIN SDA 9 12 MAD SDA 9 12 MAD SCL 10 11 PSWN SCL 10 11 PSWN OSCI 5 SAA6588 MGK534 MGK533 Fig.2 Pin configuration (DIP20). 1997 Sep 01 Fig.3 Pin configuration (SO20). 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION DEMODULATION General The demodulator provides all functions of the SAA6579 but has improved performance under weak signal conditions. The following functions are performed by the SAA6588: • Selection of the RDS/RBDS signal from the MPX input signal The demodulator includes: • 57 kHz carrier regeneration from the two sidebands (Costas loop) • 57 kHz carrier regeneration • Demodulation of the RDS/RBDS signal • Symbol integration over one RDS clock period • Symbol decoding • Bi-phase symbol decoding • RDS/RBDS block detection • Differential decoding • Error detection and correction of transmission errors • Synchronization of RDS/RBDS output data with clock. • Fast block synchronization and synchronization control The RDS/RBDS demodulator recovers and regenerates the continuously transmitted RDS/RBDS data stream out of the multiplex signal (MPX) and provides the internal signals clock (RDCL) and data (RDDA) for further processing by the RDS/RBDS decoder block. • Detection of multi-path distortion and audio signal pauses • Determination of the signal quality • Mode control of processing and RDS/RBDS data output via I2C-bus interface RDS/RBDS data processing • Sensing of pause and multi-path, information via extra output pins. The RDS/RBDS data processing of the pre-processor handles the complete processing and decoding of the continuous serial RDS/RBDS demodulator output data stream. The block diagram of the RDS/RBDS pre-processor is shown in Fig.1. For the application of the device only a few external components are required. The pre-processors functional blocks are described in the following sections. Different data processing modes are software controllable by the external main controller via I2C-bus. RDS/RBDS signal demodulation Processed RDS/RBDS data blocks, decoder status information and signal quality information are also available via I2C-bus. BAND-PASS FILTER The band-pass filter has a centre frequency of 57 kHz. It selects the RDS/RBDS sub-band from the multiplex signal MPX and suppresses the audio signal components. The filter block contains an analog anti-aliasing filter at the input followed by an 8th order switched capacitor band-pass filter and a reconstruction filter at the output. RDS/RBDS DECODER The RDS/RBDS decoder contains: • RDS/RBDS block detection • Error detection and correction • Synchronization CLOCKED COMPARATOR • Flywheel for synchronization hold The comparator digitizes the output signal from the 57 kHz band-pass filter for further processing by the digital RDS/RBDS demodulator. To attain high sensitivity and to avoid phase distortion, the comparator input stage contains an automatic offset compensation. 1997 Sep 01 • Bit slip correction • Data processing control • RDS/RBDS data output. 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 RDS/RBDS block detection Synchronization The RDS/RBDS block detection is always active. The decoder is synchronized if two successive valid blocks in a valid sequence are detected by the block detection. For a received sequence of 26 data bits, a valid block and its offset are identified via syndrome calculation. For detection of the second block of this sequence, error correction is also enabled depending on the pre-selected correction mode (see Table 4). Only valid (correctable) blocks are accepted for synchronization (see also Section “Error detection and correction”). During synchronization search, the syndrome is calculated with every new received data bit (bit-by-bit) for a received 26-bit sequence. If the decoder is synchronized, syndrome calculation is activated only after 26 data bits for each new block received. If synchronization is found, the synchronization status flag (SYNC) is set and available via I2C-bus request. Under RBDS reception situation, beside the RDS block sequences with (A, B, C/C', D) offset also block sequences of 4 blocks with offset E may be received. If the decoder detects an E-block, this block is marked in the block identification number BL and is available via I2C-bus request. In RBDS processing mode the block is signed as valid E-block and in RDS processing mode, where only RDS blocks are expected, signed as invalid E-block (see Table 13). The synchronization is held until the flywheel (for synchronization hold) detects a loss of synchronization (see Section “Flywheel for synchronization hold”) or an external restart of synchronization is performed (see Section “Data processing control”). Flywheel for synchronization hold For a fast detection of loss of synchronization the internal flywheel counter checks the number of uncorrectable blocks (error blocks). Error blocks increment and valid blocks decrement the block error counter. This information can be used by the main controller to detect E-block sequences and identify RDS or RBDS transmitter stations. The flywheel counter is only active if the decoder is synchronized. The synchronization is held until the flywheel counter detects an error block overflow (loss of synchronization). The maximum value for the error block counter is adjustable via I2C-bus in a range of 0 to 63 (see Table 6). Error detection and correction The RDS/RBDS error detection and correction recognizes and corrects potential transmission errors within a received block via parity-check in consideration of the offset word of the expected block. Burst errors with a maximum length of 5 bits are corrected with this method. The value 32 is set after reset and the values 0 and 63 have a special function. After synchronization has been found the error correction is always active, but cannot be carried out in every reception situation. • If the value 0 is programmed then no flywheel is active • If the value 63 is programmed then the flywheel is endless and no new start of synchronization is effected automatically (synchronization hold). During synchronization search, the error correction is disabled for detection of the first block and is enabled for processing of the second block depending on the pre-selected error correction mode for synchronization (mode SYNCA to SYNCC, see Table 4). Bit slip correction During poor reception situation phase shifts of one bit to the left or right (±1 bit slip) between the RDS/RBDS clock and data may occur, depending on the lock conditions of the demodulators clock regeneration. The processed block data and the status of error correction are available for data request via I2C-bus for the last two blocks. Processed blocks are characterized as uncorrectable under the following conditions: If the decoder is synchronized and detects a bit slip, the synchronization is corrected by +1 or −1 bit via block detection on the respectively shifted expected new block. • During synchronization search, if the burst error is higher than allowed by the pre-selected correction mode. • After synchronization has been found, if the burst error is higher than 5 bits or if errors are detected but error correction is not possible. 1997 Sep 01 7 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 received (every 52 bits), the actual RDS/RBDS information of the last two blocks is available with every two new received blocks. Data processing control The pre-processor provides different operating modes selectable via the external I2C-bus. The data processing control performs the pre-selected operating modes and controls the requested output of the RDS/RBDS information. The RDS/RBDS pre-processor provides data output of the block identification, the RDS/RBDS information words and error detection and correction status of the last two blocks as well as signal quality indication and general decoder status information. Restart of synchronization mode: The ‘restart synchronization’ (NWSY) control mode immediately terminates the actual synchronization and restarts a new synchronization search procedure. The NWSY flag is automatically reset after the restart of synchronization by the decoder. In addition, the decoder controls also the data request from the external main controller. The pre-processor activates the ‘data overflow’ status flag DOFL (see Section “Programming”), if the decoder is synchronized and a new RDS/RBDS block is received before the previously processed block was completely transmitted via I2C-bus. After detection of data overflow the interface registers are not updated until reset of the data overflow flag by reading via the I2C-bus. This mode is required for a fast new synchronization on the RDS/RBDS data from a new transmitter station if the tuning frequency is changed by the radio set. Restart of synchronization search is furthermore automatically carried out if the internal flywheel signals a loss of synchronization (see Section “Flywheel for synchronization hold”). RDS/RBDS data output The decoded RDS/RBDS block information and the current pre-processor status is available via the I2C-bus. For synchronization of data request between main controller and pre-processor the additional data available output signal is used. Error correction control mode for synchronization: For error correction and identification of valid blocks during synchronization search, three different modes are selectable. (SYM1, SYM0, see Table 4). If the decoder has processed new information for the main controller the data available signal (DAVN) is activated (LOW) under the following conditions (see also Table 5): RBDS processing mode: The pre-processor is suitable for receivers intended for the European (RDS) as well as for the USA (RBDS) standard. If RBDS mode is selected via the I2C-bus, the block detection and the error detection and correction are adjusted to RBDS data processing. • During synchronization search in DAVB mode if a valid A-block has been detected. This mode can be used for fast search tuning (detection and comparison of the PI code contained in the A-block). Data available control mode: • During synchronization search in any DAV mode, if two blocks in correct sequence have been detected (synchronization criterion). The pre-processor provides three different RDS/RBDS data output processing modes selectable via the ‘data available’ control mode: (see also Section “RDS/RBDS data output” and Table 5). • If the pre-processor is synchronized and in mode DAVA and DAVB a new block has been processed. This mode is the standard data processing mode, if the decoder is synchronized. Standard processing mode: if the decoder is synchronized and a new block is received (every 26 bits), the actual RDS/RBDS information of the last two blocks is available with every new received block. • If the pre-processor is synchronized and in DAVC mode two new blocks have been processed. Fast PI search mode: during synchronization search and if a new A-block is received, the actual RDS/RBDS information of this or the last two A-blocks respectively is available with every new received A-block. If the decoder is synchronized, the standard processing mode is valid. • If the pre-processor is synchronized and in any DAV mode loss of synchronization is detected (flywheel counter overflow and resulting restart of synchronization). • In any DAV mode, if a reset condition caused by power-on or voltage-drop is detected. Reduced data request processing mode: if the decoder is synchronized and two new blocks are 1997 Sep 01 8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 The processed RDS/RBDS data are available for I2C-bus request for at least 20 ms after the DAVN signal was activated. frequency has been tuned, the signal quality detector has to be started (triggered) by transmitting the bits SQCM = 0 and TSQD = 1 via the I2C-bus (see Fig.5). This causes a single shot measurement immediately after the acknowledgement of this byte. The bit TSQD is internally reset during the measurement (TSQD = 0). The result of the measurement is stored and is available for reading out, as long as no new measurement is started again e.g. after tuning back to the previous frequency. The DAVN signal is always automatically deactivated (HIGH) after 10 ms or almost after the main controller has read the RDS/RBDS data via I2C-bus (see Fig.4). The decoder ignores new processed RDS/RBDS blocks if the DAVN signal is active or if data overflow occurs (see Section “Data processing control”). The continuous mode minimizes the required I2C-bus activities for multiple measurements. After transmission of SQCM = 1 and TSQD = 1, the signal quality detector starts a new measurement as described above. But every time after finishing one measuring procedure the result is stored (overwrites the previous value within the I2C-bus buffer SQI3 to SQI0) and a new measurement starts automatically. If at any time the pre-processor is read out by his master, the last measured value will be transmitted. Multi-path detector The multi-path detector takes its information from the unweighted level signal of the FM IF amplifier, input LVIN (see Fig.1). The part of frequency components around 21 kHz is selected by a band-pass filter and rectified by a full-wave rectifier. The capacitor at pin MRO is the charge capacitor. In combination with internal current sources the time constants of the rectifier are defined. After transmitting the control information SQCM = 0 and TSQD = 0, the measurement activity will be stopped. A previously started but not yet finished measurement will be completed and this last result will also be available. The analogous output voltage of the multi-path rectifier is buffered and available via pin MPTH. Signal quality detector The control bit combination SQCM = 1 and TSQD = 0 must not be used. It is reserved for later applications. The signal quality detector takes its information from the multiplex signal. Disturbances caused by adjacent-channel reception, noise, or multi-path, generate high frequency components (noise) on the multiplex signal besides the audible distortion. At a maximum time of 850 µs after triggering or automatic restart of the signal quality detector, the result of the measurement (signal quality indication) is available and represented by the four bits SQI3 to SQI0, in a value range of 0 to 15 and is available via the I2C-bus (see Section “Programming”). The result 0 characterizes no or less noise/distortion and 15 high noise/distortion. The signal quality measurement is provided for fast testing alternative frequencies as well as for the tuned frequency. It is a short start/stop procedure. The measuring time is limited to 850 µs. To attain an average value over a longer time, multiple measurements are possible with integration by software processing. Tolerances of the signal quality detector as well as characteristics and tolerances of the FM IF amplifier can be compensated by adjusting the sensitivity of the signal quality detector with the control bits SQS0 to SQS4. The sensitivity can be adjusted over a range of 18.6 dB (−9.0 to +9.6 dB) in steps of 0.6 dB as given in Table 10. The noise is detected from the frequency spectrum above 90 kHz. The noise voltage is selected by a 4th order high-pass filter. A full-wave rectifier, controlled by this noise voltage, charges an initially discharged capacitor (on chip). The time is measured until the voltage across the capacitor has reached a defined threshold value. Then that time equivalent value is stored. The resolution of the signal quality measurement is 4 bits (16 steps). Pause detector The pause detector watches the audio modulation for pauses or very low levels. This function can be used for performing inaudible RDS AF-tests if the radio is in FM mode as well as for Automatic Music Search (AMS) if the radio is in cassette mode. For operating the noise detector two modes are provided, the triggered mode and the continuous mode. The mode is defined by the bit SQCM (Signal Quality Continuous Measurement) as described in Section “Programming”. The input of the pause detector (AFIN) is low-ohmic and must be current driven (negative input of an operational amplifier). This has the following advantages: The triggered mode is provided for a fast signal quality test of e.g. an alternative frequency. After the alternative 1997 Sep 01 9 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 • One (MPX) as well as two (left and right) AF channel application is possible and requires only one pin The I2C-bus interface requires a defined reset condition. The pre-processor generates a reset signal: • Unwanted crosstalk is avoided if two AF channel application is chosen • After the supply voltage VDDD is switched on • At a supply voltage-drop • Matching the input sensitivity is possible by external resistors. • If the oscillator frequency is lower than 400 Hz. This internal reset initializes the I2C-bus interface registers as well as the I2C-bus slave control and releases the data line SDA (SDA = HIGH) for input of control mode settings from the main controller. For combined application (RDS and AMS) variations of the switching threshold level as well as the minimum time for pause detection are possible via I2C-bus control. The level can be adjusted in four steps of 4 dB by the control bits PL0 and PL1, see Table 8 (for 1 channel: R = 5 kΩ; for 2 channels: R = 10 kΩ). If the decoder detects a reset condition, the status information ‘reset detected’ (RSTD) is set and available via I2C-bus request. The RSTD flag is deactivated after the decoder status register was read by the I2C-bus. This status information is important to signal the main controller about a voltage-drop in the pre-processor IC. The corresponding values of FM deviation are calculated for stereo decoders with an output voltage of 270 mV at 22.5 kHz deviation. By default, the bits in the write registers (except bit SOSC) are set to the values in Table 11. If these values are the required values, no further initialization is necessary. The minimum time for detecting a pause can be adjusted by the control bits SOSC, PTF0 and PTF1, see Table 9. The minimum time for detecting ‘no pause’ is fixed to 5 ms to avoid interruptions of a pause by a short pulse. Programming The output signal of the pause detector is a digital switching signal (active LOW). It is directly available via the output pin PSWN. A detected pause may initiate an AF search if required (FM mode). I2C-BUS SLAVE TRANSCEIVER For communication with the external main controller (master transceiver) the standard I2C-bus is used. The pre-processors I2C-bus interface acts as a slave transceiver with fast mode option, that allows a transfer bit rate up to 400 kbits/s but is also capable of operating at lower rates (≤100 kbits/s). Oscillator and clock For good performance of the band-pass and demodulator stages, the pre-processor requires a crystal oscillator with a frequency of n × 4.332 MHz. The pre-processor can be operated with one of four different oscillator frequencies (n = 1 to 4). The 17.328 MHz frequency (n = 4) is also UART interface compatible for 8051 based microcontrollers with a 9600 baud rate (frequency error = 4.5%), so that a radio set with microcontroller can run in this case with one crystal only. The pre-processor oscillator can drive the microcontroller or vice versa. The I2C-bus interface is connected to the external I2C-bus via the serial clock line SCL and the serial data line SDA. The clock line is supplied by the master and is only input for the slave transceiver. The data line is a serial 8-bit oriented bidirectional data transfer line, and acts as input for control mode settings from the main controller to the pre-processor, as output for requested RDS/RBDS data from the pre-processor to the main controller and acknowledge between pre-processor and main controller. According to the used oscillator frequency, the mode control bits PTF1, PTF0 and SOSC have to be set via the I2C-bus after every reset, see Section “Programming” The transfer of requested data to the main controller is synchronized via the additional data available output signal DAVN to avoid loss of RDS/RBDS data. The DAVN signal is activated if the pre-processor has provided new data information for the main controller (see Section “RDS/RBDS data output”) and can be used for the polling mode as well as for the interrupt mode of the main microcontroller. The clock generator circuitry generates hereof the internally used 4.332 MHz system clock and further derived timing signals. Power supply and reset The pre-processor has separate power supply inputs for the digital and analog parts of the device. For the analog functions an additional reference voltage (1⁄2VDDA) is internally generated and available via the output pin Vref. 1997 Sep 01 10 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 I2C-BUS INTERFACE REGISTERS Table 2 The I2C-bus interface is connected to other blocks of the pre-processor via internal registers (byte oriented). Those can either be written by the pre-processor control and read by the main controller I2C-bus or vice versa. Output registers DATA The device provides 3 input control registers to which may be written via the I2C-bus and 7 output registers which may be read via the I2C-bus. The decoder control updates the output registers after the detection of a new RDS/RBDS information block and reads the new mode control settings of the input control registers. Both operations may occur in the same time slot, provided that the read operation is complete before a new RDS/RBDS data bit is processed by the demodulator. For the corresponding access the registers are addressed by two separate register pointers, write-enable and read-enable signals, which are activated either via the decoder control or via the I2C-bus interface control. FUNCTION Byte 0R decoder and data status information; see Table 12 Byte 1R last processed block (HIGH byte); see Table 15 Byte 2R last processed block (LOW byte); see Table 15 Byte 3R previously processed block (HIGH byte); see Table 15 Byte 4R previously processed block (LOW byte); see Table 15 Byte 5R error status information; see Table 15 Byte 6R signal quality indication; see Table 15 WRITE TRANSMISSION FORMAT Table 3 During a read or write transmission from the I2C-bus the read/write pointer selects the register of the first byte for transmission and is auto-incremented by the I2C-bus control for the transfer of subsequent bytes. Description of initialization and mode control byte (byte 0W) BIT NAME 7 FUNCTION SQCM 0: triggered signal quality measurement 1: signal quality continuous measurement During a write transmission after reception of the device slave address and write bit, the mode control settings for the pre-processor have to be send in the protocol sequence as shown in Table 1 and Fig.5. 6 TSQD 0: no determination of signal quality 1: trigger of signal quality detector measurement During a read cycle after reception of the device slave address and read bit the requested RDS/RBDS data has to be received in the protocol sequence as given in Table 2 and Fig.7. 5 NWSY 0: normal processing mode 4 3 SYM1 selection of error correction mode for SYM0 synchronization search; see Table 4 Table 1 2 RBDS 0: RDS processing mode 1: restart of synchronization Input control registers DATA Byte 0W initialization and mode control setting; see Table 3 Byte 1W pause level and flywheel setting; see Table 6 Byte 2W pause time/oscillator frequency and quality detector sensitivity setting; see Table 7 1997 Sep 01 1: RBDS processing mode FUNCTION 1 0 11 DAC1 selection of data output protocol and DAC0 indirectly control of data available output signal (DAVN); see Table 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor Table 4 SAA6588 Selection of error correction mode for synchronization search SYM1 SYM0 MODE 0 0 0 1 SYNCA SYNCB no error correction error correction of a burst error maximum 2 bits 1 1 0 1 SYNCC SYNCD error correction of a burst error maximum 5 bits no error correction; no E-E block sequence allowed (for RBDS mode, E-A or D-E block sequences are still allowed) Table 5 DESCRIPTION Selection of data output protocol and DAVN signal DAC1 DAC0 MODE FUNCTION DESCRIPTION 0 0 DAVA standard processing mode 0 1 DAVB fast PI search mode 1 0 DAVC 1 1 − reduced data request processing mode − RDS standard output mode; synchronization search: DAVN = HIGH; synchronized: block information available and DAVN active after detection of a new block (every 26 bits) synchronization search: for fast PI search, block information available and DAVN active only if a correct A-block is detected; synchronized: same as standard DAVA mode synchronization search: DAVN inactive = HIGH; synchronized: block information available and DAVN active only after detection of two new blocks (every 52 bits) − Table 6 Description of pause level and flywheel setting bytes (byte1W) BIT NAME 7 PL1 6 PL0 5 to 0 FEB5 to FEB0 Table 7 FUNCTION level sensitivity for pause detection; see Table 8 maximum number of error blocks for synchronization hold flywheel (0 to 63) Description of pause time/oscillator frequency and quality detector sensitivity setting (byte 2W) BIT NAME 7 PTF1 FUNCTION 6 PTF0 time criteria for pause (20 to 160 ms); see Table 9 oscillator frequency: n × 4.332 MHz (n = 1 to 4); see Table 9 5 SOSC 0: set pause time criteria via PFT1 and PFT0 1: select oscillator frequency via PFT1 and PFT0 4 to 0 Table 8 SQS4 to SQS0 adjustment of signal quality detector sensitivity (−9 to +9.6 dB); see Table 10 Control bits PL0 and PL1 PAUSE LEVEL (mV RMS) BELOW DOLBY LEVEL (dB) FM DEVIATION (kHz) PL1 PL0 0 0 11 30.2 1.0 0 1 17 26.2 1.6 1 0 27 22.2 2.5 1 1 43 18.2 4.0 1997 Sep 01 12 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor Table 9 SAA6588 Control bits SOSC, PTF0 and PTF1 SOSC = 0 SOSC = 1 SOSC PTF1 PTF0 MINIMUM TIME (ms) OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 0 0 20.2 4.332 (n = 1) 0 0 1 40.4 8.664 (n = 2) 0 1 0 80.8 12.996 (n = 3) 0 1 1 161.7 17.328 (n = 4) Table 10 Control bits SQS0 to SQS4 SQS SQS4 SQS3 SQS2 SQS1 SQS0 HEX CORRECTION (dB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F −9.0 −8.4 −7.8 −7.2 −6.6 −6.0 −5.4 −4.8 −4.2 −3.6 −3.0 −2.4 −1.8 −1.2 −0.6 0 +0.6 +1.2 +1.8 +2.4 +3.0 +3.6 +4.2 +4.8 +5.4 +6.0 +6.6 +7.2 +7.8 +8.4 +9.0 +9.6 1997 Sep 01 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 Table 11 Default values of the write register bits after reset BIT VALUE Table 13 Block identification number (last detected block) COMMENTS SQCM 0 triggered signal quality measurement TSQD 0 no determination of signal quality NWSY 1 restart of synchronization BL2/ BP2 BL1/ BP1 BL0/ BP0 0 0 0 block A 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 block B block C block D block C’ block E (RBDS mode) invalid block E (RDS mode) invalid block SYM1 and SYM0 00 no error correction during synchronization 1 0 1 RBDS 0 RDS processing mode 1 1 0 PL1 and PL0 00 pause level 12 mV 1 1 1 DAC1 and DAC0 00 DAVA mode RDS standard output mode FEB5 to FEB0 100000 flywheel = 32 decimal PTF1 and PTF0 00 SQS4 to SQS0 01111 Table 14 Processed error correction oscillator frequency = 4.332 MHz (SOSC = 1); pause time = 20.2 ms (SOSC = 0) gain = 0 dB READ TRANSMISSION FORMAT Table 12 Description of decoder and data status information byte (byte 0R) BYTE 0R BIT NAME SYNC 3 DOFL FUNCTION ELB1 0 ELB0 0 0 0 1 ERDA ERDB 1 0 ERDC 1 1 ERDD no errors detected burst error of maximum 2 bits corrected burst error of maximum 5 bits corrected uncorrectable block BIT NAME 1R 7 to 0 M15 to M08 HIGH byte of last processed block 2R 7 to 0 M07 to M00 LOW byte of last processed block 3R 7 to 0 PM15 to PM08 HIGH byte of previously processed block 4R 7 to 0 PM07 to PM00 LOW byte of previously processed block 5R 7 to 2 BEC5 to BEC0 number of counted block errors (0 to 63) 1 EPB1 0 EPB0 error status of previously processed block; see Table 14 7 to 5 BP2 to BP0 error status of last processed block; see Table 14 6R 1997 Sep 01 DESCRIPTION BYTE 0: no reset detected 1: reset detected 1 MODE 0: no data overflow 1: data overflow detected RSTD ELB0/ EPB0 0: not synchronized 1: synchronized 2 ELB1/ EPB1 Table 15 Bytes 1R to 6R 7 to 5 BL2 to BL0 block identification number of last processed block; see Table 13 4 BLOCK IDENTIFICATION 14 4 − 3 to 0 SQI3 to SQI0 FUNCTION block identification number of previous processed block; see Table 13 not used (undefined) signal quality indication (0 to 15) Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. MAX. UNIT VDD supply voltage 0 6.5 Vn voltage at pins 1 to 5, 8 to 13, and 16 to 20 with respect to pins 6 and 15 −0.5 VDD + 0.5 ≤ 6.5 V Ii input current pins 1 to 5, 8, 10 to 13 and 16 to 20 −10 +10 mA pin 9 −20 +20 mA Tamb = −40 to +85 °C with −100 voltage limiting −2 to +10 V +100 mA Tamb = 25 °C with voltage limiting −2 to +12 V −200 +200 mA Tamb = −40 to +85 °C without voltage limiting −10 +10 mA −40 +85 °C Ilu(prot) latch-up protection current in pulsed mode Tamb operating ambient temperature Tstg storage temperature Ves electrostatic handling V −65 +150 °C note 1 −4000 +4000 V note 2 −250 +250 V Notes 1. Human body model (equivalent to discharging a 100 pF capacitor through a 1.5 kΩ series resistor). Except pin 17: −4000 V minimum and +2500 V maximum. 2. Machine model (equivalent to discharging a 200 pF capacitor through a 0 Ω series resistor and 0.75 µH inductance). THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL Rth(j-a) 1997 Sep 01 PARAMETER VALUE UNIT SAA6588T (SOT163-1) 85 K/W SAA6588 (SOT146-1) 62 K/W thermal resistance from junction to ambient CONDITIONS in free air 15 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 CHARACTERISTICS DIGITAL PART VDDA = VDDD = 5 V; Tamb = 25 °C; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supply VDDD digital supply voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V IDDD digital supply current − 6.0 − mA Ptot total power dissipation − 70 − mW VIL1 LOW-level input voltage at pins TCON, OSCI and MAD − − 0.3VDDD V VIL2 LOW-level input voltage at pins SCL and SDA −0.5 − +1.5 V −0.5 − +0.3VDDD V VIH1 HIGH-level input voltage at pins TCON, OSCI and MAD − V VIH2 HIGH-level input voltage at pins SCL and SDA VDDD = 4.5 to 5.5 V 3.0 − VDDD + 0.5 V ILI input leakage current at pins TCON, SCL and SDA VMAD = 0 to VDDD − − 10 µA Ii(pu) input pull-up current at pin MAD VMAD = VIL1 −30 −20 − µA VMAD = 3.5 V − −20 −10 µA IOL = 2 mA − − 0.4 V Inputs VDDD = 4.5 to 5.0 V VDDD = 5.0 to 5.5 V 0.7VDDD − Outputs VOL1 LOW-level output voltage at pins DAVN, PSWN and OSCO VOL2 LOW-level output voltage at pin SDA VOH HIGH-level output voltage at pins DAVN, PSWN and OSCO IOL1 = 4.0 mA − − 0.4 V IOL2 = 6.0 mA − − 0.6 V IOH = −2 mA 4.0 − − V n=1 − 4.332 − MHz n=2 − 8.664 − MHz n=3 − 12.996 − MHz Crystal parameters fi(xtal) crystal input frequency − 17.328 − MHz − − 30 ppm − − 30 ppm − 30 − pF fosc ≤ 12.996 MHz − − 120 Ω fosc = 17.328 MHz − − 60 Ω n=4 ∆fosc adjustment tolerance of oscillator frequency ∆fosc(T) temperature drift of oscillator frequency CL load capacitance Rxtal crystal resonance resistance 1997 Sep 01 Tamb = −40 to +85 °C 16 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 CHARACTERISTICS ANALOG PART VDDA = VDDD = 5 V; Tamb = 25 °C; measurements taken in Fig.1; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supply 4.5 5.0 5.5 V VDDA − VDDD voltage difference between analog and digital supply − 0 0.5 V IDD(tot) total supply current − 14.0 − mA Vref reference voltage Zo(Vref) output impedance at pin Vref VDDA analog supply voltage VDDA = 5 V 2.25 2.5 2.75 V − 25 − kΩ MPX input (signal before the capacitor on pin MPX) Vi(MPX)(rms) RDS amplitude (RMS value) ∆f = ±1.2 kHz RDS-signal; ∆f = ±3.2 kHz spurious signal 1 − − mV Vi(max)(p-p) maximum input signal capability (peak-to-peak value) f = 57 ±2 kHz 200 − − mV f < 50 kHz 1.4 − − V f < 15 kHz 2.8 − − V f > 70 kHz 3.5 − − V f = 0 to 100 kHz 33 − − kΩ Tamb = −40 to +85 °C 56.5 57.0 57.5 kHz 2.5 3.0 3.5 kHz Ri(MPX) input resistance 57 kHz band-pass filter fc centre frequency B−3dB −3 dB bandwidth GMPX signal gain f = 57 kHz 17 20 23 dB αsb stop band attenuation ∆f = ±7 kHz 31 − − dB f < 45 kHz 40 − − dB f < 20 kHz 50 − − dB f > 70 kHz 40 − − dB f = 57 kHz − 30 60 Ω f = 57 kHz − 1 10 mV 70 110 150 kΩ 24 30 36 kΩ Ro(SCOUT) output resistance at pin SCOUT Comparator input (pin CIN) Vi(min)(rms) minimum input level (RMS value) Ri input resistance Multi-path detector (pins LVIN, MPTH and MRO) Zi(LVIN) input impedance at pin LVIN Vi(LVIN) input voltage at pin LVIN 1.0 2.5 4.0 V fc(MPD) centre frequency of the multi-path detector band-pass filter 20 21 22 kHz BMPD bandwidth of the multi-path detector band-pass filter 3.6 4.0 4.4 kHz αsb stop band attenuation 16 − − dB f = 31 kHz 12 − − dB tatt(MRO) attack time of the rectifier C6 = 100 nF; R4 = 470 kΩ − 6.4 − ms 1997 Sep 01 f = 21 kHz f = 11 kHz 17 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SYMBOL PARAMETER SAA6588 CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT tdec(MRO) decay time of the rectifier C6 = 100 nF; R4 = 470 kΩ − 50 − ms Gv(MPTH) rectifier voltage gain; V MPTH(DC) G v(MPTH) = 20 log -------------------------V LVIN(rms) VLVIN(rms) = 0.1 V; fLVIN = 21 kHz − 20 − dB Zo(MPTH) output impedance at pin MPTH 150 200 250 Ω Vo(MPTH) output voltage swing at pin MPTH 0.5 − 3.5 V ZL(MPTH) load impedance at pin MPTH with respect to ground 5 − − kΩ CL(MPTH) load capacitance at pin MPTH with respect to ground − − 20 pF 85 90 95 kHz Signal quality detector (pin MPX) fco cut-off frequency PBRR pass-band ripple rejection − − 1 dB αsb stop band attenuation f = 40 kHz 30 − − dB VSTEP2-3(rms) input voltage (RMS value) for transition of signal quality indication between step 2 and 3 (SQI = 0010 and 0011) sensitivity = 0 dB (SQS = 01111; see Table 10); f = 100 kHz − 85 − mV ∆GSQ step size for signal quality input gain 0.4 0.6 0.8 dB CRGSQ control range for signal quality input gain 15.6 18.6 21.6 dB tSQD measuring time after acknowledgement of the I2C-bus transceiver − − 850 µs Pause detector (pins AFIN and PSWN) Zi(AFIN) input impedance f = 10 kHz − − 10 Ω VI(AFIN) DC input voltage unloaded − Vref − V Ith(rms) AC input current for threshold (RMS value) PL1 = 1; PL0 = 1 3.1 4.4 6.2 µA THpause(step) step size for pause threshold 3 4 5 dB THpause(R) control range for pause threshold 10 12 14 dB Ii(offset) input offset current − − 0.4 µA tPON(min) minimum time for pause PT1 = 0; PT0 = 0 − 20.2 − ms PT1 = 0; PT0 = 1 − 40.4 − ms PT1 = 1; PT0 = 0 − 80.8 − ms PT1 = 1; PT0 = 1 − 161.7 − ms tPOFF(min) minimum time for no pause − 5 − ms ∆t time error (all values) − − 1.0 ms 1997 Sep 01 18 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 enable a variation if the slave address is already occupied by another device of the radio set. Data is transferred with the most significant bit (MSB) first. Each transmitted byte is followed by an acknowledge bit ‘A’ (SDA = LOW). Every transmission is completed with a STOP condition ‘P’ generated by the master. I2C-BUS PROTOCOL I2C-bus format In communication with the pre-processor two basic types of I2C-bus protocols are allowed (see Tables 16 and 17). Every transmission begins with a START condition ‘S’ followed by the 7-bit slave address and the R/W mode bit, all generated by the external master. During read or write transfer the master can abridge the data transfer by generation of a STOP condition. In case of transmission errors during a write cycle, the pre-processor can indirectly stop the transfer by generating no acknowledge (SDA = HIGH) hereafter the master can send the STOP condition. The 6 higher bits of the pre-processors slave address are fixed to 001000. The least significant bit of the slave address can be set via the external input pin MAD to Table 16 Transmitting to the pre-processor (write transfer) S(1) SLAVE ADDRESS(2) W(3) A(4) DATA(5) A(4) DATA(5) A(4) DATA(5) A(4) P(6) Notes 1. S = START condition. 2. Slave address (depends on level at pin MAD) = 0010000 or 0010001. 3. W = write mode. 4. A = acknowledge bit (SDA = LOW). 5. Subsequently data bytes 0W, 1W and 2W. 6. P = STOP condition. Table 17 Receiving from the pre-processor (read transfer) S(1) SLAVE ADDRESS(2) R(3) A(4) DATA(5) A(4) DATA(5) A(6) Notes 1. S = START condition. 2. Slave address (depends on level at pin MAD) = 0010000 or 0010001. 3. R = read mode. 4. A = acknowledge bit (SDA = LOW). Six DATA-acknowledge sequences must occur before the DATA-not acknowledge sequence. 5. Subsequently data bytes 0R to 6R. 6. A = no acknowledge (SDA = HIGH). 7. P = STOP condition. 1997 Sep 01 19 P(7) Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 Timing data tDAVL handbook, full pagewidth DAVN tDVL tTDAV tDV DATA MGK540 a. No I2C-bus request during DAVN LOW-time (decoder is synchronized). pre-processor addressed handbook, full pagewidth I2C-BUS tDAVL DAVN tDVL tTDAV tDV DATA MGK541 b. DAVN LOW-time shortened by data-request via I2C-bus (decoder is synchronized). Fig.4 Data available signal (DAVN). Table 18 Data available signal (DAVN) SYMBOL PARAMETER TYP. UNIT tDVL data valid to DAVN LOW 2.0 µs tTDAV data valid period 21.9 ms tDV data valid 21.9 ms data available signal is LOW 10.1(1) tDAVL depends on data request via Notes 1. See Fig.4a. 2. See Fig.4b. 1997 Sep 01 20 ms I2C-bus(2) ms Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 PROGRAMMING AND I2C-BUS SUMMARY handbook, full pagewidth START condition from master S acknowledgement from slave slave address + write-bit from master 0 0 1 0 0 0 MAD 0 A acknowledgement from slave byte 0W from master SQCM TSQD NWSY SYM1 SYM0 RBDS DAC1 DAC0 acknowledgement from slave byte 1W from master PL1 PL0 A FEB5 FEB4 FEB3 FEB2 FEB1 FEB0 A acknowledgement from slave byte 2W from master A PTF1 PTF0 SOSC SQS4 SQS3 SQS2 SQS1 SQS0 P STOP condition from master MGK538 Fig.5 RDS pre-processor control commands: mode control and preset settings for the pre-processor. handbook, full pagewidth START condition from master S 0 slave address + write-bit from master 0 1 0 0 0 MAD byte 0W from master SQCM TSQD 1 acknowledgement from slave 0 A acknowledgement from slave SYM1 SYM0 RBDS DAC1 DAC0 MGK539 Fig.6 A P STOP condition from master RDS pre-processor control commands: abridged protocol, for example for immediate restart synchronization. 1997 Sep 01 21 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 handbook, full pagewidth START condition slave address + read-bit from master from master S 0 0 1 0 0 0 MAD A 1 byte 0R from device BL2 BL1 BL0 SYNC DOFL RSTD ELB1 ELB0 A higher byte of last processed block from device M15 M14 M13 M12 M11 M10 M09 A M08 lower byte of last processed block from device M07 M06 M05 M04 M03 M02 M01 A M00 higher byte of previous processed block from device A PM15 PM14 PM13 PM12 PM11 PM10 PM09 PM08 lower byte of previous processed block from device PM07 PM06 PM05 PM04 PM03 PM02 PM01 PM00 A byte 5R from device BEC5 BEC4 BEC3 BEC2 BEC1 BEC0 EPB1 EPB0 not acknowledged from master byte 6R from device BP2 BP1 BP0 not used SQI3 SQI2 A SQI1 SQI0 MGK537 Fig.7 Data output protocol (RDS data output). 1997 Sep 01 22 A P STOP condition from master 1997 Sep 01 23 (1) (2) (3) (4) (1) (1) (3) (1) C4 1.5 nF C3 220 pF C2 220 pF C51 470 pF (1) (3) C1 1.5 nF C8 C9 470 nF C7 470 nF 1 kΩ R9 2.2 nF C13 C12 330 pF C10 R2 10 kΩ R3 10 Ω (1) (1) 560 pF 2.2 µF C11 100 nF 470 Ω R1 10 kΩ C6 47 µF +5 V R4 LVIN CIN SCOUT Vref MPX VSSA VDDA AFIN MAD PSWN Fig.8 Application diagram. 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (1) (2) SAA6588 L1 MRO MPTH TCON OSCO OSCI VSSD VDDD DAVN SDA SCL (1) (3) R5 270 Ω 1 kΩ R8 (1) R6 270 Ω C16 82 pF R7 470 Ω C15 47 pF MGK536 R10 470 kΩ HC49/U Q1 (4) C17 100 nF 100 nF C14 R11 10 Ω (1) (1) (3) RDS/RBDS pre-processor Components for suppression of electromagnetic emission (EME). L1 = type EMIFIL, part number BLM21A102S (MURATA) or equivalent. Values for standard mode I2C-bus. Necessary pull-up resistors of 1.8 kΩ are part of the I2C-bus interface. Q1: 4.332 MHz, 8.664 MHz, 12.996 MHz or 17.328 MHz. S_MPTH LVL MUX AF2 AF1 GND GND +5 V S_PSWN S_SCL (1) C18 1 nF k, full pagewidth S_SDA S_DAVN (1) Philips Semiconductors Product specification SAA6588 APPLICATION DIAGRAM Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 PACKAGE OUTLINES DIP20: plastic dual in-line package; 20 leads (300 mil) SOT146-1 ME seating plane D A2 A A1 L c e Z b1 w M (e 1) b MH 11 20 pin 1 index E 1 10 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 min. A2 max. b b1 c mm 4.2 0.51 3.2 1.73 1.30 0.53 0.38 0.36 0.23 26.92 26.54 inches 0.17 0.020 0.13 0.068 0.051 0.021 0.015 0.014 0.009 1.060 1.045 D e e1 L ME MH w Z (1) max. 6.40 6.22 2.54 7.62 3.60 3.05 8.25 7.80 10.0 8.3 0.254 2.0 0.25 0.24 0.10 0.30 0.14 0.12 0.32 0.31 0.39 0.33 0.01 0.078 (1) E (1) Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT146-1 1997 Sep 01 REFERENCES IEC JEDEC EIAJ SC603 24 EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 92-11-17 95-05-24 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 SO20: plastic small outline package; 20 leads; body width 7.5 mm SOT163-1 D E A X c HE y v M A Z 11 20 Q A2 A (A 3) A1 pin 1 index θ Lp L 1 10 e bp detail X w M 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e HE L Lp Q v w y mm 2.65 0.30 0.10 2.45 2.25 0.25 0.49 0.36 0.32 0.23 13.0 12.6 7.6 7.4 1.27 10.65 10.00 1.4 1.1 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.25 0.25 0.1 0.9 0.4 inches 0.10 0.012 0.096 0.004 0.089 0.01 0.019 0.013 0.014 0.009 0.51 0.49 0.30 0.29 0.050 0.419 0.043 0.055 0.394 0.016 0.043 0.039 0.01 0.01 0.004 0.035 0.016 Z (1) θ 8o 0o Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC SOT163-1 075E04 MS-013AC 1997 Sep 01 EIAJ EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 95-01-24 97-05-22 25 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example, thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating method. Typical reflow temperatures range from 215 to 250 °C. SOLDERING Introduction There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for printed-circuits with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used. Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at 45 °C. WAVE SOLDERING This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our “IC Package Databook” (order code 9398 652 90011). Wave soldering techniques can be used for all SO packages if the following conditions are observed: • A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering technique should be used. DIP SOLDERING BY DIPPING OR BY WAVE • The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be parallel to the solder flow. The maximum permissible temperature of the solder is 260 °C; solder at this temperature must not be in contact with the joint for more than 5 seconds. The total contact time of successive solder waves must not exceed 5 seconds. • The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end. During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured. The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but the temperature of the plastic body must not exceed the specified maximum storage temperature (Tstg max). If the printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling may be necessary immediately after soldering to keep the temperature within the permissible limit. Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and maximum duration of package immersion in solder is 10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within 6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C. REPAIRING SOLDERED JOINTS A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications. Apply a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) to the lead(s) of the package, below the seating plane or not more than 2 mm above it. If the temperature of the soldering iron bit is less than 300 °C it may remain in contact for up to 10 seconds. If the bit temperature is between 300 and 400 °C, contact may be up to 5 seconds. REPAIRING SOLDERED JOINTS Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between 270 and 320 °C. SO REFLOW SOLDERING Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all SO packages. Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement. 1997 Sep 01 26 Philips Semiconductors Product specification RDS/RBDS pre-processor SAA6588 DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I2C COMPONENTS Purchase of Philips I2C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011. 1997 Sep 01 27 Philips Semiconductors – a worldwide company Argentina: see South America Australia: 34 Waterloo Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW 2113, Tel. +61 2 9805 4455, Fax. +61 2 9805 4466 Austria: Computerstr. 6, A-1101 WIEN, P.O. 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The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Printed in The Netherlands 547027/1200/01/pp28 Date of release: 1997 Sep 01 Document order number: 9397 750 02267