MAXIM MAX181

19-1678; Rev 0; 4/00
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
Features
♦ Uninterrupted +3.3V Output
An auxiliary switch resistance of only 0.18Ω minimizes
output droop from the +3.3V auxiliary supply. In addition, the MAX1810 guarantees that no reverse current
flows from the output to any unbiased or inactive input,
and remains stable with as little as 1µF of output
bypass capacitance at its output.
The MAX1810 is available in a compact 8-pin highpower (0.9W) SO package.
♦ No Reverse Current to Inactive Inputs
♦ Up to 500mA Output Current
♦ High-Power 0.9W SO-8 Package
♦ Thermal and Overcurrent Protection
♦ Only 1µF Output Capacitor
♦ Internal 0.18Ω +3.3V Auxiliary Switch
Ordering Information
________________________Applications
PCI Adapter Cards
Network Interface Cards
PART
TEMP. RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX1810ESA
-40oC to +85oC
8 SO
Modem Cards
Pin Configuration
Typical Operating Circuit
TOP VIEW
+5V MAIN
INPUT
MAIN
OUT
OUT
+3.3V, 500mA
COUT
1.0µF
+5V STBY
INPUT
STBY
MAX1810
STBY
8
GND
7
GND
3
6
GND
AUX 4
5
GND
MAIN 2
MAX1810
OUT
+3.3V AUX
INPUT
AUX
1
GND
SO
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
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MAX1810
General Description
The MAX1810 powers peripheral component interconnect (PCI) Ethernet network interface cards (NICs),
modem cards, and other devices that utilize both the
main and auxiliary (standby) voltages supplied by PCIcompliant systems. The device generates an uninterrupted +3.3V at up to 500mA from either a +5V main or
a +5V standby supply. When both +5V inputs fall below
+4.1V, an internal switch connects the +3.3V auxiliary
input to the output.
MAX1810
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
MAIN, STBY, AUX, OUT to GND ...........................-0.3V to +6.0V
OUT to AUX ...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
OUT Maximum Output Current .......................................1750mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
8-Pin SO (derate 11.75mW/°C above +70°C)..............900mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VMAIN = VSTBY = +5.0V, VAUX = +3.3V, TA = 0°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MAX
UNITS
4.5
5.5
V
AUX Input Range
3.0
3.6
Maximum Load Current
500
MAIN or STBY Input Range
MIN
TYP
V
mA
MAIN or STBY Quiescent Current
IOUT = 10mA
0.75
3
mA
AUX Quiescent Current
VMAIN = VSTBY = 0, VAUX = +3.6V
0.2
0.5
mA
Reverse Leakage from AUX to
MAIN or STBY
VAUX = +3.6V, VMAIN or VSTBY = 0
1
20
µA
Reverse Leakage from MAIN or
STBY to AUX
VAUX = 0, VMAIN or VSTBY = +5.5V
1
100
µA
OUT Load Capacitance
COUT ESR < 50mΩ
MAIN or STBY Detect Threshold
MAIN or STBY falling
MAIN or STBY High Threshold
MAIN or STBY rising
4.100
150
+4.5V < (VMAIN or VSTBY) < +5.5V, 0 < IOUT < 400mA
3.234
3.3
OUT Line Regulation
+4.5V< (VMAIN or VSTBY) < +5.5V
0.01
OUT Load Regulation
IOUT = 30mA to 400mA, VMAIN or VSTBY = +5V
0.22
AUX to OUT Voltage Drop
IOUT = 400mA
AUX Switch Resistance
MAIN = STBY = GND
AUX Disable Threshold
2
3.366
520
V
%
%
118
mV
0.180
0.295
Ω
2.8
900
_______________________________________________________________________________________
V
°C
°C
20
VAUX = VOUT = 0
V
mV
170
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
V
72
2.5
Thermal Shutdown
Current-Limit Threshold
4.275
4.475
MAIN or STBY Hysteresis
OUT Voltage
µF
1
3.925
1750
mA
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
(VMAIN = VSTBY = +5.0V, VAUX = +3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
MAX
UNITS
4.5
5.5
V
AUX Input Range
3.0
3.6
Maximum Load Current
500
MAIN or STBY Input Range
MAIN or STBY Quiescent Current
IOUT = 10mA
AUX Quiescent Current
V
mA
3
mA
VMAIN = VSTBY = 0, VAUX = +3.6V
0.5
mA
Reverse Leakage from AUX to
MAIN or STBY
VAUX = +3.6V, VMAIN or VSTBY = 0
20
µA
Reverse Leakage from MAIN or
STBY to AUX
VAUX = 0, VMAIN or VSTBY = +5.5V
100
µA
MAIN or STBY Detect
Threshold
MAIN or STBY falling
3.925
4.275
V
4.475
3.366
V
3.234
MAIN or STBY High Threshold
MAIN or STBY rising
OUT Voltage
+4.5V < (VMAIN or VSTBY) < +5.5V, 0 < IOUT < 400mA
AUX to OUT Voltage Drop
IOUT = 400mA
AUX Switch Resistance
MAIN = STBY = GND
AUX Disable Threshold
Current-Limit Threshold
2.5
520
VAUX = VOUT = 0
V
118
mV
0.295
Ω
2.8
1750
V
mA
Note 1: Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design, not production tested.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VMAIN, VSTBY = +5V, VAUX = +3.3V, COUT = 1µF, TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted.)
1.5
1.0
AUX SWITCH ON
2.5
AUX SWITCH OFF
AUX BODY DIODE ACTIVE
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
VMAIN AND VSTBY = 0
IOUT = 100mA
0.5
0
1
2
3
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4
5
3.25
3.20
3.15
3.10
3.05
0
0
3.30
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2.0
3.0
MAX1810-03
3.5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2.5
3.35
MAX1810-02
IOUT = 250mA
3.0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4.0
MAX1810-01
3.5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
OUTPUT CURRENT (MAIN OR STANDBY)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. AUX INPUT VOLTAGE
MAIN OR STANDBY
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
3.00
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
AUX INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
3.0
3.5
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX1810
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VMAIN, VSTBY = +5V, VAUX = +3.3V, COUT = 1µF, TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted.)
GROUND CURRENT vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE (MAIN OR STANDBY)
900
800
3.5
3.3
3.1
2.9
200
IOUT = 250mA
700
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
3.7
250
MAX1810-05
MAX1810-04
3.9
600
500
400
300
IOUT = 0
200
2.7
AUX SWITCH ON
150
100
50
VMAIN AND VSTBY = 0
IOUT = 0
100
0
2.5
0
100
200
300
400
500
0
0
600
1
2
3
4
5
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
AUX INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
GROUND CURRENT vs.
OUTPUT CURRENT (MAIN OR STANDBY)
GROUND CURRENT
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT (AUX)
AUX ON-RESISTANCE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
VIN = 5V
240
IOUT = 400 mA
220
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
230
1000
800
VIN = 4.2V
600
VMAIN AND VSTBY = 0
400
ON-RESISTANCE (mΩ)
1200
250
MAX1810-07
1400
3.5
MAX1810-09
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
MAX1810-08
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
1000
GROUND CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE (AUX)
MAX1810-06
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT (AUX)
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
210
190
200
180
160
140
170
200
120
0
150
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
100
0
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
100
200
300
400
500
600
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
2.6
2.8
3.0
MAX1810-10
240
IOUT = 400mA
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
-40 -25 -10
5
20
35
50
65
80
TEMPERATURE (°C)
4
3.2
AUX INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
AUX ON-RESISTANCE
vs. TEMPERATURE
ON-RESISTANCE (mΩ)
MAX1810
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3.4
3.6
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
MAIN OR STANDBY
LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
MAIN OR STANDBY
LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE
MAX1810-11
MAX1810-12
5V
VIN
4.3V
200mA
IOUT
10mA
20mV/div
AC-COUPLED
VOUT
10mV/div
AC-COUPLED
VOUT
IOUT = 50mA
40µs/div
200µs/div
MAIN-T0-STANDBY TRANSITION
WAVEFORM
MAIN OR STANDBY TO AUX
TRANSITION WAVEFORM
MAX1810-13
VMAIN
MAX1810-14
2V/div
VIN
MAIN OR STBY
5V
2.4V
VOUT
50mV/div
AC-COUPLED
IOUT = 250mA
VSTBY = +5V
3.3V
100mV/div
DC-COUPLED
VOUT
IOUT = 250mA
VAUX = +3.3V
20ms/div
10ms/div
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
1
STBY
+5V Standby Input
FUNCTION
2
MAIN
+5V Main Input
3
OUT
+3.3V Output. Bypass with a 1µF capacitor to GND.
4
AUX
+3.3V Auxilliary Input
5–8
GND
Ground. Must connect pins 5 through 8 together to ground plane for power dissipation.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX1810
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VMAIN, VSTBY = +5V, VAUX = +3.3V, COUT = 1µF, TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1810
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
Detailed Description
3.3V
OUT
MAIN
5V
DET
MAIN
REG
STBY
5V
DET
STBY
REG
AUX
3.3V
DET
CONTROL
LOGIC
GND
Figure 1. Functional Diagram
MAIN OR STBY
INPUT VOLTAGE
5.5V
Linear Regulators
MAIN OR STBY
LDO
GUARANTEED
ON
4.475V
4.1V(TYP)
DETECTION
THRESHOLD
RANGE
3.925V
AUX SWITCH
GUARANTEED
ON
(IF AUX > 2.5V)
0
Figure 2. MAIN, STBY, and AUX Transition Voltages
6
The MAX1810 powers NICs, modem cards, or other
devices that utilize both the main and auxiliary power
supplies in a PCI-compliant system, or other systems
that utilize a standby or sleep-mode power bus. The
MAX1810 supplies a 3.3V, 500mA output from one of
three inputs: a +5V main, a +5V standby, and a +3.3V
auxiliary voltage.
Each input is separately monitored (Figure 1). During
normal operation, the MAIN input powers the fixed
+3.3V output (OUT) through an internal linear regulator.
When MAIN falls below +4.1V or is disconnected, STBY
input powers the output through an internal linear regulator. When the STBY voltage is below +4.1V, an internal switch connects the +3.3V AUX input to OUT. The
AUX input maintains the output until AUX falls below
+2.5V. Figure 2 shows MAX1810 input transition thresholds. Switchover from one input to another is fast
enough to prevent OUT from falling below +3V under
all cases unless all inputs are below their required voltages. If both MAIN and STBY are above +4.475V, the
MAIN input supplies the output.
The MAX1810 prevents reverse current from flowing
from the output to any unbiased or low-voltage input.
The MAIN or STBY inputs generate the +3.3V output
through linear regulators. Each regulator uses an internal P-channel MOSFET pass transistor. The MAIN or
STBY linear regulator will operate until its input falls
below +4.1V, when it shuts off. Either remaining regulator or AUX input then powers the output. MAIN takes
precedence when both MAIN and STBY are valid.
+3.3V AUX Switch
A 0.18Ω internal switch connects the AUX input to the
output when both MAIN and STBY are below 4.1V and
AUX is greater than 2.5V. When both MAIN and STBY
are below 4.1V or unconnected, and AUX is below 2.5V,
the internal switch does not activate and OUT follows
AUX less one diode drop.
Thermal and Overcurrent Protection
Thermal overload protection limits total power dissipation in the MAX1810. When the junction temperature
exceeds T J = +170°C, the MAX1810 turns off. The
device turns back on once its junction temperature
drops by approximately +20°C. A continuous short at
OUT will result in a pulsed output as the thermal overload circuitry cycles the device on and off.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
MAX1810
MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS CURRENT LIMIT
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
TA = +70°C
TA = +50°C
TA = +80°C
TJ(MAX) = +150°C
+5V MAIN
INPUT
MAIN
2.2µF
TYPICAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE LIMIT
1.4
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT LIMIT
MAXIMUM OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
1.6
+5V STBY
INPUT
COUT
1.0µF
STBY
2.2µF
+3.3V AUX
INPUT
OUT
*
MAX1810
*
AUX
0.1µF
OUT
+3.3V, 500mA
GND
*
0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
*REQUIRED ONLY IF INPUT SUPPLIES DO NOT HAVE NEARBY OUTPUT CAPACITANCE.
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 3. Power Operating Region: Maximum Output Current
vs. Supply Voltage
Thermal overload protection safeguards the MAX1810
in the event of fault conditions. For continuous operation, do not exceed the absolute maximum junctiontemperature rating of TJ = +150°C.
Both the MAIN and STBY regulators also feature overcurrent protection nominally at 900mA. The AUX switch
is not current limited.
Operating Region and Power Dissipation
Maximum power dissipation of the MAX1810 depends
on the thermal resistance of the case and circuit board,
the temperature difference between the die junction
and ambient air, and the rate of airflow. The power dissipation of the device is P = IOUT (VIN – VOUT). The
resulting maximum power dissipation is:
PMAX = ((TJ(MAX) – TA) / (θJC + θCA))
where TJ(MAX) is the maximum junction temperature
(150°C) and TA is the ambient temperature, θJC is the
thermal resistance from the die junction to the package
case, and θCA is the thermal resistance from the case
through the PC board, copper traces, and other materials to the surrounding air (Figure 3). For optimum
power dissipation, use a large ground plane with good
thermal contact to pins 5 through 8. For multilayer
boards, multiple vias are recommended.
Figure 4. Typical Application Circuit
Applications Information
Capacitor Selection
The MAX1810 requires a 1µF ceramic bypass capacitor at OUT to maintain regulator stability (Figure 4).
When switching between input supplies, the MAX1810
may cause a voltage disturbance on either the MAIN or
STBY input. Limit this disturbance to below the hysteresis level (150mV) to guarantee precise switchover. If
the MAIN and STBY input supplies do not have filter
capacitance of their own near the MAX1810 inputs,
then bypass capacitors (2.2µF is recommended) may
be needed at MAIN and STBY. If the input supplies to
MAIN and STBY already have greater than 2.2µF of output capacitance, then no additional capacitance is
required. Place input and output filter capacitors as
close to the device as possible to minimize the effect of
lead inductance of the PC board traces.
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 811
PROCESS: BiCMOS
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
Network Interface Card Smart Regulator
SOICN.EPS
MAX1810
Package Information
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.