Supertex inc. SR086/SR087 Initial Release Adjustable Off-Line Inductorless Switching Regulator Features General Description ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► The Supertex SR08x is an inductorless switching regulator designed to operate directly from a rectified AC line. The operating principle is to turn on a pass transistor when the rectified AC is below the output voltage, and to turn it off when the output voltage reaches a specific level. A linear regulator supplied by VOUT provides an additional fixed 3.3V output (SR086) or 5V output (SR087). Efficiencies of around 55% may be realized for loads up to 1W in 120VAC applications, with around 50% efficiencies for loads up to 800mW in 230VAC applications. Efficient operation without magnetics No high voltage capacitors Adjustable main output voltage (9V to 50V) Additional 3.3V or 5V internal regulator Up to 100mA combined output current Single BOM for 120VAC/230VAC Built-in soft start Less than 200mW standby power A logic-level enable input allows the SR08x to be disabled – useful when the SR08x is employed as a keep-alive power supply. Applications ► ► ► ► ► White goods Household appliances Lighting controls Circuit breakers Keep-alive supplies WARNING! Galvanic isolation is not provided. Dangerous voltages are present when connected to the AC line. It is the responsibility of the designer employing the SR08x to ensure adequate safeguards are in place to protect the end user from electrical shock. Typical Application Circuit 1.25A 90VAC to 270VAC 50/60HZ 1.0kV 1A VOUT 9-50VDC @ 100mA - IREG STGD5NB120SZ 275V 50A 1μF 390kΩ 1.1MΩ 470μF 100nF R1 GATE VGD ⎝ 1.25V FB VIN VREG EN GND ⎛ - 1⎜ ⎝ R2 SR08x Enable ⎛ VOUT = R2 ⎜ VOUT 3.3V or 5V @ 60mA 12.4kΩ 100nF NR040306 Supertex inc. · 1235 Bordeaux Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 · Tel: (408) 222-8888 · FAX: (408) 222-4895 · www.supertex.com 1 SR086/SR087 Pinout Ordering Options Device (VREG) Package Options 8-Lead SOIC SR086 (3.3V) SR086SG-G SR087 (5.0V) SR087SG-G VIN GATE EN VGD VOUT GND Heat Slug VREG -G indicates package is RoHS compliant (‘Green’) VFB SO-8 Backside on the SO-8 package is at ground potential and may be connected to ground or left unconnected. Pin Description Absolute Maximum Ratings Name Pin # Value VIN 1 Rectified AC input voltage Output Voltage (VOUT) -0.3V to 56V EN 2 Active low enable input Feedback Voltage (VFB) -0.3V to 6.5V Enable Voltage (VEN) -0.3V to 6.5V GND 3 VREG 4 FB VOUT 5 6 Regulated output voltage, fixed 3.3V or 5.0V Feedback input Output voltage (9.0V - 50V adj.) VGD 7 Gate drive supply (referenced to VOUT) GATE 8 Drives external IGBT pass transistor Parameter Operating Junction Temperature -40oC to +125oC Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these conditions is not implied. Continuous operation of the device at the absolute rating level may affect device reliability. All voltages are referenced to device ground. Description Circuit ground Note: circuit ground will be at the AC line potential Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter VOUT Output voltage IOUT Load on VOUT including feedback divider and load on VREG Min Typ Max Units Conditions 9 - 50 V --- 100 - - µA --- Max Units Specifications (Unless otherwise noted, TA = -40°C to +85°C, Voltages referenced to GND pin) Symbol IGD IOUT(int) Parameter Min Typ Conditions Current consumption at VGD - - 60 µA --- Current consumption of the lower circuitry - - 400 µA VOUT = 9-50V VGD Gate drive supply voltage1 11 13 15 V --- VGATE(hi) GATE output high voltage1 11 - 15 V --- - - 0.5 V --- VGATE(lo) GATE output low voltage 1 VFB(off) Feedback voltage (GATE off) 1.18 1.25 1.31 V --- VFB(hys) Feedback voltage hysteresis - 50 - mV --- NR040306 2 SR086/SR087 Specifications (cont.) Symbol IFB Min Typ Max Units - - 500 nA --- FB input current Conditions VTRIP(on) VIN trip voltage, GATE on1 0 - 3 V --- VTRIP(off) 1 VIN trip voltage, GATE off 9 - 15 V --- VEN(on) Enable voltage, on 0.2 - - V --- VEN(off) Enable voltage, off - - 0.75 VREG --- tDIG(on) VIN – GATE turn-on delay 0 - 1.0 µs CGATE = 1nF tDIG(off) VIN – GATE turn-off delay - - 600 ns CGATE = 1nF tDFG(off) FB – GATE turn-off delay - - 450 ns CGATE = 1nF VFB = 1.5V 3.125 3.300 3.465 4.750 5.000 5.250 V ILOAD = 1mA, VOUT = 9V -50 - +50 mV - - 800 mV VREG ΔIVREG VD 1 Parameter Regulated output voltage SR086 SR087 VREG load regulation GATE – VGD diode drop 0mA < ILOAD < 60mA, VOUT = 9V, TAmb = 25°C I = 20mA Referenced to VOUT. Block Diagram 1.25A 90VAC to 270VAC 50/60Hz 1.0kV 1A STGD5NB120SZ 9VDC to 50VDC 275V 50A RPD 390kΩ COUT1 1.0μF CGD 100nF RGD 1.1MΩ VIN GATE 13V VGD COUT 470μF VOUT R Q S RFBhi = RFBlo Upper circuitry powered by VGD VOUT ( VOUT 1.25V ) -1 level translator Lower circuitry powered by VOUT GND FB EN 1.25V Reg SR08x GND VREG 3.3V/5V CREG 100nF RFBlo 12.4kΩ NR040306 3 SR086/SR087 SR08x Timing Pass Transistor on VIN VFB(OFF) ( ) 1+ RFBhi RFBlo VOUT not to scale Pass Transistor is turned off once VOUT reaches the trip point Pass Transistor is turned on when VIN falls below: VOUT +VTRIP(ON) Pass Transistor is on but not conducting since the input voltage is lower than the output voltage Pass Transistor is on and conducting NR040306 4 SR086/SR087 Data Sheet Application Section: Typical Application Circuit F VIN 90VAC to 270VAC 50/60Hz D1 1.0kV 1A 1 1.00A Z1 275V 50A *R Q 1 *R 200k *R 2 VOUT 12.6VDC C 1 3 100nF 510k *R 4 200k * Two resistors used in series for reasons of high voltage creepage and resistor voltage rating. C2 C3 1.0µF 470µF 510k 1 VIN 2 EN R 1 STGD5NB120SZ 8 7 VGD GATE IC1 SR087 EN 7 6 FB VREG GND 100k R VOUT R 4 VREG 5VDC C 3 5 113kΩ 5 6 12.4kΩ 4 100nF Output Voltage* Input Voltage VOUT may be adjusted in the range of 9V to 50V*‚ by changing feedback resistor R5 according to the following equation. To reduce standby power for 230VAC-only applications, or for supply voltages less than 90Vrms, R3 and R4 should be changed according to the R3+R4 equation below. R1+R2 should remain at 400kΩ or less. Two resistors in series are employed to ensure adequate creepage distances for 230VAC operation. For 120VAC-only applications, single resistors may be employed. ⎛ V ⎞ R5 = R6 ⎜ OUT − 1⎟ ⎝ 1.25 V ⎠ Leave R6 at 12.4kΩ or less - it assures a minimum 100µA load required for the proper operation of the SR087. Change R3 and R4 according to the R3+R4 equation below. Select C2 and C3 with appropriate voltage ratings. For C3, use a low ESR capacitor with an adequate ripple current rating (800mARMS). Use ceramic for C2. Output Ripple* Storage capacitor C3 was sized to provide about 2VP-P ripple at 100mA load (IOUT + IREG). For lighter loads, C3 may be reduced. Conversely, C3 may be increased for lower ripple. Use a low ESR capacitor with an adequate ripple current rating (800mARMS for 100mA loads). Efficiency and output current capability may drop with increased capacitance because of a smaller conduction angle associated with lower ripple. Due to feedback hysteresis, ripple cannot be reduced below 4%. Since VREG is a linear regulator supplied from VOUT, the maximum current available from VREG is reduced as VOUT is increased due to power considerations. IREG(max) = 1 .5 W VOUT − 5 V or 60mA, whichever is less. VRIPPLE(P −P ) ≈ IOUT + IREG 2fINC3 *VREG requires at least 4V of headroom. Therefore, VOUT, including ripple, must not fall below 9V for the SR087, or below 7.3V for the SR086. R3 + R4 Equation: ( R3 + R 4 ) < 2VIN2 - VX2 - VX cos−1 π ⋅ 25μA ( VX 2 VIN ) where VX = VOUT + 15V Use the minimum anticipated RMS value for VIN. Take resistor tolerance into account, selecting the next lower standard value. Choosing a lower value has no effect other than higher standby power. NR040306 5 SR086/SR087 Line Transformer Fuse During initial testing it is tempting to use an isolation transformer or a variable transformer on the AC line. However, the high inductance of the transformer (frequently in the mH’s) interferes with the normal operation of the SR08x and should not be used. This is not a concern with the normal inductance of the AC line or for AC line filters. Although the average current drawn from the AC line is low, the RMS current is fairly high due to the current being drawn in short, high-current pulses. Since a fuse is basically a resistor with a power dissipation given by IRMS2 R, the fuse must be sized for the RMS current, not the average current. For a 1W load and 120VAC the RMS current is 700mARMS, and for a 0.5W load at 230VAC it is 360mARMS. SR08x & Circuitry AC Line The SR08x draws current from the AC line in short, high current pulses. The transformer’s high inductance tends to limit the current pulse. Furthermore, inductive kickback on the falling edge of the current pulse can create high voltage spikes which must be absorbed by the transient protector. Transient Protection The transient protector must be located before the bridge rectifier. The reason for this is to minimize capacitance to allow the rectified AC to fall below VOUT. Since there is no capacitor to absorb AC line transients, complete transient protection must be provided by the TVS or MOV device. Since the recommended IGBT is rated at 1.2kV and the SRO8x never sees the full input voltage, the bridge EMI Capacitor rectifier becomes the limiting element when selection an MOV. If using a 1.0kV bridge, an MOV having a clamping voltage of The use of a small-value capacitor from circuit common to < 1.0kV is recommended. earth ground prevents the SR08x from operating and should not be employed. Load AC Line earth ground EMI SR08x & Circuitry circuit common Total load on the SR08x is the total load current drawn from VOUT (IOUT) and, since the linear regulator is supplied from VOUT, it also includes the current drawn from VREG (IREG). Total load is calculated as follows: ILOAD = IOUT + IREG PLOAD = VOUT (IOUT + IREG ) UPS The SR08x circuit as depicted on Page 1, (Typical Application The SR08x will not operate from uninterruptable power Circuit), meets FCC Class B and CISPR 14-1 (household supplies having a square wave output. This type of output is appliances) requirements for conducted emissions, for usually referred to as ‘modified sine wave’ combined loads of less than 20mA (IOUT + IREG). NR040306 6 SR086/SR087 8-LEAD SMALL OUTLINE PACKAGE WITH HEAT SLUG (SG) 0.1935 +/- 0.0035 (4.915 +/- 0.085) Measurement Legend = 0.1 +/- 0.01 Heat Slug (2.54 +/- 0.25) 0.1535 +/- 0.0035 Dimensions in Inches (Dimensions in Millimeters) 0.236 +/- .008 (3.9) (5.995) (+/- 0.09) (+/- 0.205) 0.0165 +/- 0.0035 (0.42 +/- 0.09) 0.14 +/- 0.01 (3.555 +/- 0.255) 0.055 +/- 0.005 (1.395 +/- 0.125) 0.05 +/- 0.01 (1.27 +/- 0.25) 0.0575 +/- 0.0065 (1.46 +/- 0.16) 0.0015 +/- .0025 (0.065 +/- 0.035) 0.0085 +/- 0.0015 (0.215 +/- 0.035) 0.033 +/- 0.017 (0.84 +/- 0.43) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to http://www.supertex.com/packaging.html.) Supertex inc. does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications, and will not knowingly sell its products for use in such applications, unless it receives an adequate "product liability indemnification insurance agreement". Supertex does not assume responsibility for use of devices described and limits its liability to the replacement of the devices determined defective due to workmanship. No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies. Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice. For the latest product specifications, refer to the Supertex website: http//www.supertex.com. ©2006 Supertex inc. All rights reserved. Unauthorized use or reproduction is prohibited. Supertex inc. 1235 Bordeaux Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 TEL: (408) 222-8888 / FAX: (408) 222-4895 Doc.# DSFP - SR086_SR087 NR040306 www.supertex.com 7