IMAGE SENSOR Flat panel sensor C7942CK-12 Acquire digital X-ray image in real time and 170 mm diagonal size Flat panel sensors C7942CK-12 is a digital X-ray image sensor newly developed as a key device for biochemical imaging, X-ray microscopy and other real-time X-ray imaging applications requiring high resolution and high image quality. Features Applications l High quality image: 2400 × 2400 pixels l Digital output (12-bit) l High-speed imaging: l Biochemical imaging l X-ray microscopy l Digital X-ray photography 2 frames/s (single operation) 9 frames/s (4 × 4 binning) l Low noise and wide dynamic range l Compact package l Easy use l CE marking l Carbon fiber window ■ Block diagram PIXEL NUMBER 1 2 2339 2400 2401 4799 4800 SCINTILLATOR (120 mm × 120 mm) PHOTODIODE ARRAY 5759999 AMP ARRAY No. 1 VERTICAL SHIFT REGISTER C7942CK-12 is a lightweight and compact flat panel sensor consisting of a sensor board and a control board. The sensor board also has 8 charge-sensitive amplifier arrays each having 300 ch amplifiers with a horizontal shift register. Analog video signals are amplified as the charge on each video line by 2400 ch charge amplifiers with CDS (Correlated Double Sampling) circuits added, and are output each of 8 amplifier arrays. The control board converts the analog video signal into a 12-bit digital signal and outputs it to an external frame grabber through the 12-bit parallel port. 5760000 EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY A.vdd, D.vdd, V (±7.5) (not attached) IntExt BINNING (bin0, bin1) TIMING PULSE GENERATOR AMP ARRAY No. 8 OSCILLATOR ExtTrgLemo ExtTrgGrb Vsync Hsync Pclk BIAS GENERATOR BUFFER AMP PROCESSING AMP BUFFER AMP PROCESSING AMP A/D FIFO VIDEO OUTPUT (12 BIT DIGITAL) Note: Signals are read out in order of pixel number. A/D FIFO KACCC0216EB 1 Flat panel sensor C7942CK-12 ■ General ratings Parameter Pixel size Photodiode area Number of pixels Number of active pixels Readout Video output (Data1 - 12) Output data rate Synchronous signal (Vsync, Hsync, Pclk) bin0/1, ExtTrgGrb, ExtTrgLemo, IntExt Scintillator Specification 50 × 50 120 × 120 2400 × 2400 2240 × 2344 Charge amplifier array RS-422 (differential), 12-bit 15.15 RS-422 (differential) TTL CsI Unit µm mm M pixels pixels MHz - ■ Absolute maximum ratings (Ta=25 °C) Parameter Supply voltage for digital circuitry (+5 V) Supply voltage for analog circuitry (+5 V) Supply voltage for analog circuitry (±7.5 V) In p ut voltag e (bin 0 /1 , E xtTrg G rb , E xtTrg L em o , In tE xt) Operating temperature *1 Storage temperature *1 *1: No condensation Symbol D.vdd A.vdd V(±7.5) Vin Topr Tstg Value +6.0 +6.0 ±12 0 to 6.0 0 to +35 0 to +50 Unit V V V V °C °C ■ Specification (Ta=25 °C A.vdd= 5.0 V, D.vdd= 5.0 V, V (±7.5)= ±7.5 V) Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Frame rate (single operation) Sf (int) 1.9 2 frames/s Frame rate (2 × 2 binning) 4 frames/s Frame rate (4 × 4 binning) 9 frames/s S f (in t) to 0 .1 Frame rate external (single operation) Sf (ext) frames/s Noise (rms) *2 N (rms) 1100 electrons Sensitivity *3 S 28 35 LSB/mR Saturation charge Csat 2.2 M electrons Resolution *4 Reso 6 8 line pairs/mm Dynamic range 2000 Defect line *5 20 lines Output offset *6 65 200 *2: Internal trigger mode, single operation *3: At 80 kVp without filter *4: Spatial frequency at CTF=5 % *5: A defect line is a horizontal or vertical line containing 4 or more pixels that produce less than 1/8 of the average output from surrounding pixels and are formed continuously from the opposite side of an amplifier array or a vertical shift register. Without a couple of adjacent defect line. *6: Average of all effective pixels in single operation at Sf (int) Note: X-ray energy range is 20 k to 80 kVp. ■ Resolution [Ta=25 ˚C, A.vdd=5.0 V, D.vdd=5.0 V, V (±7.5)=±7.5 V] 100 90 80 CTF (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SPATIAL FREQUENCY (line pairs/mm) KACCB0177EA 2 Flat panel sensor C7942CK-12 ■ Timing chart To acquire images through an image grabber board, write parameters in the software program or parameter file by referring to the following timing chart and description. Tvc (1 FRAME) Tvdpw 1st ROW 2nd ROW DUMMY LINES Vsync+ (GRABBER) 1st ROW 2nd ROW He LAST ROW All pulses are counted in the “High” period of Hsync+ Hsync+ (GRABBER) ENLARGED VIEW Vsync+ (GRABBER) 1st ROW 2nd ROW Hsync+ (GRABBER) Phe Pg Phe Phd Phe Phd Pclk+ (GRABBER) All pulses are counted at the riging edge of Pclk+. The effective video output is only included in the “Phe” period. KACCC0362EB Pulse 2×2 1172 28 1120 80 1726 21 Parameter 1×1 Effective line 2344 He Dummy line 56 Effective pixel 2240 Phe Dummy pixel 160 Phd 526 Pg 21 Note: “He” is the Hsync count. Phe, Phd and Pg are the Pclk count. 4×4 586 14 560 40 2326 21 ■ External trigger mode To acquire images in external trigger mode, input an external trigger pulse as shown below. When the time Tvd has passed after the rising edge of the external trigger pulse, synchronous signals and video signals are output. When used in synchronization with a pulsed X-ray source, X-rays should be irradiated during the Txray period. FRAME TIME (Tvc to Tmax) RECOMMENDATION: 50 % OF FRAME TIME ExtTrgLemo ExtTrgGrb (TTL) Tvd Tvc - Tvdpw Txray Vsync+ (RS-422) Hsync+, Pclk+ and Data 1-12 are the same as internal trigger mode. · Tmax is defined as the reciprocal of the minimum value of Sf (ext). · Txray = FRAME TIME - Tvd - (Tvc - Tvdpw) KACCC0363EB Parameter Symbol Delay time (only external trigger mode) Tvd Vsync Cycle time (internal trigger mode) Tvc Dummy pulse width Tvdpw Note: The numbers of siginificant figures is two. (except Tvc) 1 × 1 mode 390 470 770 2 × 2 mode 390 230 770 4 × 4 mode 390 117 770 (Typ.) Unit µs ms µs 3 Flat panel sensor C7942CK-12 ■ System requirements To operate C7942CK-12 at full performance, the following system and peripherals are required. · PC: IBM compatible PC running on Windows XP · Digital frame grabber card: Monochrome 16 bits or more, pixel clock 16 MHz or more, RS-422 interface synchronous signal (See the frame grabber manual.) The National Instruments IMAQ PCI-1424 (NI parts No. 777662-01) frame grabber with optional memory 64 MB (NI parts No. 920130-64) has been verified to successfully acquire 12-bit digital images from C7942CK-12. You can utilize the demonstration software that comes with the frame grabber as a simple viewer, to acquire and save an image. To do so, refer to the frame grabber user’s guide for how to use the camera information file for the demonstration software. · Power source: A.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (700 mA), D.vdd = +5.0 ± 0.1 V (1000 mA), V (±7.5) = ±7.5 ± 0.5 V (±100 mA) Please use a series power supply. (Avoid using a switching power supply.) A power cable (terminated with an FGG.2B.307.CLAD92Z plug at one end and open at the other end; 2 m; see Table 2.), an external trigger cable (terminated with an FFA.0S.302.CLAC37 plug at one end and open at the other end; 5 m; see table 3.) and an earth cable (AWG 18; 4 m) comes supplied with C7942CK-12. An optional frame grabber cable for interface with the 36-pin receptacle (see Table 1) on C7942CK12 is also available for synchronous signal, video output and external control. The voltages described above are specified at the flat panel sensor side. The impedance of the power cable attached with the flat panel sensor is low enough but it causes 0.1 V approx. drop. Therefore the voltage at the power source side should be set 0.1 V higher than the voltage specified above. Install a noise filter on the AC power input line to prevent surges on the AC line. To supply the synchronous signal through ExtTrgGrb, apply high level of TTL to ExtTrgLemo and IntExt, or leave them without connection. On the contrary, to use ExtTrgLemo, set high level to ExtTrgGrb and IntExt, or leave them without connection. The earth terminal must be connected to a stable earth point to eliminate noise from surroundings. Table 1: Pin assignm ent of 36-pin receptacle Pin No. Signal Pin No. 1 Data12+ (MSB) 19 2 Data11+ 20 3 Data10+ 21 4 Data9+ 22 5 Data8+ 23 6 Data7+ 24 7 Data6+ 25 8 Data5+ 26 9 Data4+ 27 10 Data3+ 28 11 Data2+ 29 12 Data1+ (LSB) 30 13 bin0 (TTL) 31 14 bin1 (TTL) 32 15 ExtTrgGrb (TTL) 33 16 Vsync+ 34 17 Hsync+ 35 18 Pclk+ 36 Unless otherwise noted, signal level is RS-422. 36-pin receptacle: TX20A-36R-D2GF1-A1L made by JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics Industry limited) Mating plug: TX20A-36PH1-D2P1-D1E made by JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics Industry limited) Signal Data12- (MSB) Data11Data10Data9Data8Data7Data6Data5Data4Data3Data2Data1- (LSB) GND GND IntExt (TTL) VsyncHsyncPclk- Table 2: Power pin assignment and cable color Pin No. Color 1 Brown 2 Red 3 Orange 4 Yellow 5 Green 6 Blue 7 Purple Shield 7-pin power receptacle: ECG.2B.307.CLV made by LEMO S. A. Mating power plug: FGG.2B.307.CLAD92Z made by LEMO S. A. Signal +7.5 V Analog GND -7.5 V Analog GND Analog +5 V Digital GND Digital +5 V Analog GND Table 3: External trigger pin assignm ent and cable color Pin No. Color 1 Red 2 Black Shield 2-pin receptacle: ECP.0S.302.DLL made by LEMO S. A Mating plug: FFA.0S.302.CLAC37 made by LEMO S. A. 4 Signal ExtTrgLemo (TTL) Signal GND Analog GND Flat panel sensor C7942CK-12 ■ Connection Install the frame grabber board into the PC by following the manufacturer’s instructions. When a general-purpose frame grabber board is used, binning or trigger operation for bin0, bin1, IntExt and ExtTrgGrb can be controlled with its digital I/O control. (REAR VIEW) PC/AT VIDEO OUTPUT (12 BIT DIGITAL) Vsync, Hsync, Pclk OS + ACQUISITION SOFTWARE FRAME GRABBER X-RAY SOURCE MONITOR BINNING (bin0, bin1) IntExt ExtTrgGrb ExtTrgLemo VOLTAGE SOURCE [A.vdd, D.vdd, V (±7.5)] CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C7942CK-12 C7942CK-12 KACCC0274EB ■ Dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance: ±1 mm unless otherwise noted) 200 30 33.5 ACTIVE AREA 112 12 27 * 57 46 17 * 150 * 165 * DIGITAL OUT 15 43 (2239, 2343) POWER EXT.TRG. CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C7942CK-12 198 (0, 0) ACTIVE AREA 117.2 22.9 10 (4 ×) M3 DEPTH 4 37 SCINTILLATOR TO TOP COVER 10.3 CMOS FLAT PANEL SENSOR C7942CK-12 12 Top cover is made of carbon fiber (1.0 mm thickness). 127 * 33 * * ±0.5 Weight: 2.6 kg KACCA0162ED 5 Flat panel sensor C7942CK-12 ■ Notice · Do not subject the Flat Panel Sensors to strong vibration or shock. (Strong shock such as drop impacts may cause permanent damage to these sensors.) · Users must take responsibility for implementing X-ray shielding safety measures to avoid the risk of X-ray exposure. · Data listed in this datasheet is defined at the time of shipment. Characteristics may vary somewhat due to exposure to X-rays so take proper countermeasures such as making periodic image correction. · This product is warranted for a period of 12 months after the date of the shipment. The warranty is limited to make a replacement or repair of any defective product due to defects in workmanship or materials used in manufacture. It does not cover loss or damage caused by natural disaster, misuse (including modifications and any use not complying with the environment, application, usage and storage conditions described in this datasheet), or total radiation dose over 500 k Roentgen (less than 80 kVp) even within the warranty period. · As described above, flat panel sensors have limited resistance to radiation. This must be taken into account when using a flat panel sensor under continuous irradiation (in-line non-destructive inspection, etc.) When using flat panel sensors in non-destructive inspection equipment, please contact us and provide information such as irradiation conditions. C7942CK-12 conforms to European EMC directives: EN61326 Class A. ■ Optional frame grabber cables Frame grabber Cable type No. Cable length Cable end A8406-31 5m A8406-36 7m General-purpose A8406-37 10 m A8406-38 12 m TX20A-36PH1-D2P1-D1E *8 A8406-32 5m A8406-33 7m IMAQ PCI-1424 *7 A8406-34 10 m A8406-35 12 m *7: Made by NI (National Instruments Corporation) *8: Made by JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, Limited) *9: Made by Honda Tsushin Kogyo Co. Ltd. Note: The detailed information for these optional cables is shown in the datasheet of A8406 series. Cable end open PCS-XE100MA+ *9 Information furnished by HAMAMATSU is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. Specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights are granted to any of the circuits described herein. ©2007 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Solid State Division 1126-1 Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, 435-8558 Japan, Telephone: (81) 53-434-3311, Fax: (81) 53-434-5184, www.hamamatsu.com U.S.A.: Hamamatsu Corporation: 360 Foothill Road, P.O.Box 6910, Bridgewater, N.J. 08807-0910, U.S.A., Telephone: (1) 908-231-0960, Fax: (1) 908-231-1218 Germany: Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH: Arzbergerstr. 10, D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany, Telephone: (49) 08152-3750, Fax: (49) 08152-2658 France: Hamamatsu Photonics France S.A.R.L.: 19, Rue du Saule Trapu, Parc du Moulin de Massy, 91882 Massy Cedex, France, Telephone: 33-(1) 69 53 71 00, Fax: 33-(1) 69 53 71 10 United Kingdom: Hamamatsu Photonics UK Limited: 2 Howard Court, 10 Tewin Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 1BW, United Kingdom, Telephone: (44) 1707-294888, Fax: (44) 1707-325777 North Europe: Hamamatsu Photonics Norden AB: Smidesvägen 12, SE-171 41 Solna, Sweden, Telephone: (46) 8-509-031-00, Fax: (46) 8-509-031-01 Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia S.R.L.: Strada della Moia, 1/E, 20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39) 02-935-81-733, Fax: (39) 02-935-81-741 6 Cat. No. KACC1114E05 Jul. 2007 DN