ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 219-0009; Rev 2; 4/11 TION KIT EVALUA BLE IL AVA A 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator The DS28E10 combines secure challenge-and-response authentication functionality based on the FIPS 180-3 specified Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-1) with 224 bits of one-time programmable user EPROM in a single chip. Once written, the memory is automatically write protected. Additionally, each device has its own guaranteed unique 64-bit ROM identification number (ROM ID) that is factory programmed into the chip. Memory writes are performed 4 bytes at a time. A secure and low-cost factory programming service is available to preprogram device data, including the SHA-1 security data components. The device communicates over the single-contact 1-Wire® bus. The communication follows the standard 1-Wire protocol with the ROM ID acting as node address in the case of a multidevice 1-Wire network. Features S Dedicated Hardware-Accelerated SHA-1 Engine for Generating SHA-1 MACs S One Page of 28 Bytes User OTP EPROM S Irreversible Write Protection S Unique, Factory-Programmed 64-Bit Identification Number S 1-Wire Interface for Standard and Overdrive Speed S Communicates with Host at Up to 15.4kbps at Standard Speed or Up to 125kbps in Overdrive Mode S Operating Range from 2.8V to 3.6V, -40NC to +85NC S 3-Lead SOT23, 6-Lead TSOC Package S ±6kV Human Body Model (HBM) ESD Protection (typ) on 1-Wire and VCC Pin Applications Typical Operating Circuit Reference Design License Management System Intellectual Property Protection 3.3V Sensor/Accessory Authentication and Calibration Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE DS28E10R+T -40NC to +85NC 3 SOT23 DS28E10P+ -40NC to +85NC 6 TSOC DS28E10P+T -40NC to +85NC 6 TSOC VCC µC Px.1 GND VCC RPUP 1-Wire IO DS28E10 GND +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape and reel. 1-Wire is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. DS28E10 General Description ABRIDGED DATA SHEET DS28E10 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS IO Voltage to GND...................................................... -0.5V, +7V IO Sink Current....................................................................20mA VCC Voltage to GND................................................... -0.5V, +7V Operating Temperature Range........................... -40NC to +85NC Junction Temperature......................................................+150NC Storage Temperature Range............................. -55NC to +125NC Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300NC Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260NC Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = -40NC to +85NC, see Note 1.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS VCC PIN Supply Voltage VCC During nonprogramming state (Note 2) 2.8 3.6 V Standby Current ICCS VCC = 3.6V 0.5 4.0 FA Operating Current ICCO VCC = 3.6V, reading (Note 3) 30 FA 1-Wire Pullup Voltage VPUP (Note 4) 2.8 3.6 V 1-Wire Pullup Resistance RPUP (Notes 4, 5) 0.3 2.2 kI 2 FA IO PIN: GENERAL DATA Input Capacitance CIO Input Load Current IL (Note 3) (IO pin at VPUP) (Note 3) 50 Input Low Voltage VIL (Notes 4, 6, 7) Input High Voltage VIH (Notes 3, 8) 0.7 O VCC Switching Hysteresis VHY (Notes 3, 9) 0.05 O VCC Output Low Voltage VOL At 4mA load (Note 10) Recovery Time (Notes 4, 11) tREC Rising-Edge Hold-Off Time (Notes 3, 12) tREH Timeslot Duration (Notes 4, 13) tSLOT 0.3 O VCC 5 Overdrive speed, RPUP = 2.2kI 2 Overdrive speed 0.5 V 65 Overdrive speed 8 V Fs 5 Not applicable (0) Standard speed V V 0.3 Standard speed, RPUP = 2.2kI Standard speed pF Fs Fs IO PIN: 1-Wire RESET, PRESENCE DETECT CYCLE Reset Low Time (Note 4) tRSTL Presence-Detect High Time tPDH Presence-Detect Low Time tPDL Presence-Detect Sample Time (Notes 4, 14) tMSP Standard speed 480 640 Overdrive speed 48 80 Standard speed 15 60 Overdrive speed 2 6 Standard speed 60 240 Overdrive speed 8 24 Standard speed 60 75 Overdrive speed 6 10 Standard speed 60 120 Overdrive Speed 6 16 Standard speed 1 15 Overdrive speed 1 2 Fs Fs Fs Fs IO PIN: 1-Wire WRITE Write-Zero Low Time (Notes 4, 15) tW0L Write-One Low Time (Notes 4, 15) tW1L 2 Fs Fs ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator DS28E10 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (TA = -40NC to +85NC, see Note 1.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS IO PIN: 1-Wire READ Read Low Time (Notes 4, 16) Read Sample Time (Notes 4, 16) tRL tMSR Standard speed 5 15 - d Overdrive speed 1 Standard speed tRL + d 2-d 15 Overdrive speed tRL + d 2 Fs Fs EPROM Programming Current IPROG VPP = VPP(MAX) (Note 3) Refer to the full data sheet. Programming Time tPP Programming Voltage VPP (Note 2) Data Retention tDR At +85NC (Notes 17, 18) 10 VCC = 3.6V Refer to the full data sheet. mA ms V Years SHA-1 Engine SHA-1 Computation Current SHA-1 Computation Time ICCSHA tCSHA (Note 19) mA ms Note 1: Specifications at TA = -40NC are guaranteed by design only and not production tested. Note 2: Refer to the full data sheet for this note. Note 3: Guaranteed by design, characterization, and/or simulation only. Not production tested. Note 4: System requirement. Note 5: Maximum allowable pullup resistance is a function of the number of 1-Wire devices in the system and 1-Wire recovery times. The specified value here applies to systems with only one device and with the minimum 1-Wire recovery times. For more heavily loaded systems, an active pullup such as that found in the DS2482-x00 might be required. Note 6: Voltage below which, during a falling edge on IO, a logic 0 is detected. Note 7: The voltage on IO needs to be less than or equal to VILMAX at all times while the master is driving IO to a logic 0 level. Note 8: Voltage above which, during a rising edge on IO, a logic 1 is detected. Note 9: After VIH is crossed during a rising edge on IO, the voltage on IO has to drop by at least VHY to be detected as logic 0. Note 10: The I-V characteristic is linear for voltages less than 1V. Note 11: Applies to a single DS28E10 attached to a 1-Wire line. Note 12: The earliest recognition of a negative edge is possible at tREH after VIH has been reached on the preceding rising edge. Note 13: Defines maximum possible bit rate. Equal to 1/(tW0LMIN + tRECMIN). Note 14: Interval after tRSTL during which a bus master is guaranteed to sample a logic 0 on IO if there is a DS28E10 present. Minimum limit is tPDHMAX; maximum limit is tPDHMIN + tPDLMIN. Note 15: ε in Figure 10 represents the time required for the pullup circuitry to pull the voltage on IO up from VIL to VIH. The actual maximum duration for the master to pull the line low is tW1LMAX + tF - ε and tW0LMAX + tF - ε, respectively. Note 16: d in Figure 10 represents the time required for the pullup circuitry to pull the voltage on IO up from VIL to the input high threshold of the bus master. The actual maximum duration for the master to pull the line low is tRLMAX + tF. Note 17: Data retention is degraded as TA increases. Note 18: Guaranteed by 100% production test at elevated temperature for a shorter time; equivalence of this production test to data sheet limit at operating temperature range is established by reliability testing. Note 19: Refer to the full data sheet for this note. 3 ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator DS28E10 Pin Configurations TOP VIEW IO 1 + DS28E10 3 VCC GND GND 1 IO 2 VCC 3 DS28E10 6 N.C. 5 N.C. 4 N.C. 2 TSOC SOT23-3 Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION SOT23 TSOC 1 2 IO 2 3 VCC Supply Pin for Operating Power 3 1 GND Ground Supply for the Device — 4, 5, 6 N.C. Not Connected 1-Wire Bus Interface. Open drain; requires external pullup resistor. Detailed Description The DS28E10 combines a 512-bit SHA-1 engine, security data, 224 bits of one-time programmable (OTP) EPROM, and a 64-bit ROM ID in a single chip. Data is transferred serially through the 1-Wire protocol, which requires only a single data lead and a ground return. In addition to its important use as a unique data value in cryptographic SHA-1 computations, the device’s 64-bit ROM ID can be used to electronically identify the equipment in which the DS28E10 is used. The ROM ID also serves as node address in a multidrop 1-Wire network environment where multiple devices reside on a common 1-Wire bus and operate independently of each other. Overview The block diagram in Figure 1 shows the relationships between the major control and memory sections of the device. The device has six main data components: 64-bit ROM ID, security data, challenge buffer, 28 bytes of OTP 4 user EPROM memory, special function registers, and a 512-bit SHA-1 engine. Figure 2 shows the hierarchical structure of the 1‑Wire protocol. The bus master must first provide one of the seven ROM (network) function commands: 1) Read ROM, 2) Match ROM, 3) Search ROM, 4) Skip ROM, 5) Resume (communication), 6) Overdrive-Skip ROM or 7) Overdrive-Match ROM. Upon completion of an Overdrive-Skip ROM or OverdriveMatch ROM command executed at standard speed, the device enters overdrive mode where all subsequent communication occurs at a higher speed. The protocol required for these ROM function commands is described in Figure 8. After a ROM function command is successfully executed, the memory and SHA-1 functions become accessible and the master can provide any one of the six available function commands. The protocol for these commands is described in Figure 6. All data is read and written least significant bit first. ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator POWER DISTRIBUTION VCC 1-Wire FUNCTION CONTROL 64-BIT ROM ID MEMORY AND SHA-1 FUNCTION CONTROL UNIT 512-BIT SHA-1 ENGINE CRC-16 GENERATOR CHALLENGE BUFFER 224 BITS USER MEMORY SECURITY DATA DS28E10 IO (1-Wire) GND DS28E10 REGISTERS Figure 1. Block Diagram DS28E10 COMMAND LEVEL: 1-Wire ROM FUNCTION COMMANDS DEVICE-SPECIFIC MEMORY FUNCTION COMMANDS AVAILABLE COMMANDS: DATA FIELD AFFECTED: READ ROM MATCH ROM SEARCH ROM SKIP ROM RESUME OVERDRIVE-SKIP ROM OVERDRIVE-MATCH ROM 64-BIT ROM ID, RC-FLAG 64-BIT ROM ID, RC-FLAG 64-BIT ROM ID, RC-FLAG RC-FLAG RC-FLAG RC-FLAG, OD-FLAG 64-BIT ROM ID, RC-FLAG, OD-FLAG Refer to the full data sheet. Figure 2. Hierarchical Structure for 1-Wire Protocol MSB LSB 8-BIT CRC CODE MSB 48-BIT SERIAL NUMBER LSB MSB 8-BIT FAMILY CODE LSB MSB LSB Figure 3. 64-Bit ROM ID 5 ABRIDGED DATA SHEET DS28E10 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator POLYNOMIAL = X8 + X5 + X4 + 1 1ST STAGE X0 2ND STAGE X1 3RD STAGE X2 4TH STAGE 5TH STAGE X3 X4 6TH STAGE X5 7TH STAGE X6 8TH STAGE X7 X8 INPUT DATA Figure 4. 1-Wire CRC Generator 64-Bit ROM ID Each device contains a unique ROM ID that is 64 bits long. The first 8 bits are a 1-Wire family code. The next 48 bits are a unique serial number. The last 8 bits are a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the first 56 bits. See Figure 3 for details. The 1-Wire CRC is generated using a polynomial generator consisting of a shift register and XOR gates as shown in Figure 4. The polynomial is X8 + X5 + X4 + 1. Additional information about the 1-Wire CRC is available in Application Note 27: Understanding and Using Cyclic Redundancy Checks with Maxim iButton® Products. The shift register bits are initialized to 0. Then, starting with the least significant bit of the family code, one bit at a time is shifted in. After the 8th bit of the family code has been entered, the serial number is entered. After the last bit of the serial number has been entered, the shift register contains the CRC value. Shifting in the 8 bits of the CRC returns the shift register to all 0s. Memory The device has three memory areas: user memory, security data, and special function registers. User memory and special function registers are located in a linear address space, as shown in Figure 5. The user memory begins at address 0000h and ends at address 0017h. Refer to the full data sheet for additional information. iButton is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. 6 The user-writeable memory is implemented in EPROM technology. The factory-default state of the memory is 00h. During programming, bits of the target 4-byte block can be changed to a 1 or a 0. Once a block is written, the entire 4-byte block becomes automatically write protected. This means it is not possible to program a block multiple times, e.g., to change a few bits at a time. Memory and SHA-1 Function Commands This section describes the commands and flowcharts needed to use the memory and SHA-1 engine of the device. Refer to the full data sheet for more information. ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator Transaction Sequence The 1-Wire bus is a system that has a single bus master and one or more slaves. In all instances the DS28E10 is a slave device. The bus master is typically a microcontroller. The discussion of this bus system is broken down into three topics: hardware configuration, transaction sequence, and 1-Wire signaling (signal types and timing). The 1-Wire protocol defines bus transactions in terms of the bus state during specific time slots, which are initiated on the falling edge of sync pulses from the bus master. The protocol for accessing the DS28E10 through the 1-Wire port is as follows: • Initialization • ROM Function Command • Memory/SHA-1 Function Command • Transaction/Data Initialization All transactions on the 1-Wire bus begin with an initialization sequence. The initialization sequence consists of a reset pulse transmitted by the bus master followed by a presence pulse(s) transmitted by the slave(s). The presence pulse lets the bus master know that the DS28E10 is on the bus and is ready to operate. For more details, see the 1-Wire Signaling section. Hardware Configuration The 1-Wire bus has only a single line by definition; it is important that each device on the bus be able to drive it at the appropriate time. To facilitate this, each device attached to the 1-Wire bus must have open-drain or three-state outputs. The 1-Wire port of the DS28E10 is open drain with an internal circuit equivalent to that shown in Figure 7. 1-Wire ROM Function Commands Once the bus master has detected a presence, it can issue one of the seven ROM function commands that the DS28E10 supports. All ROM function commands are 8 bits long. A list of these commands follows (see the flowchart in Figure 8). Under certain conditions, the ROM function commands may not operate properly right after power-up. See the Applications Information section for a method to ensure proper operation. A multidrop bus consists of a 1-Wire bus with multiple slaves attached. The DS28E10 supports both a standard and overdrive communication speed of 15.4kbps (max) and 125kbps (max), respectively. The value of the pullup resistor primarily depends on the network size and load conditions. The DS28E10 requires a pullup resistor of 2.2kI (max) at any speed. The idle state for the 1-Wire bus is high. If for any reason a transaction must be suspended, the bus must be left in the idle state if the transaction is to resume. If this does not occur and the bus is left low for more than 16Fs (overdrive speed) or more than 120Fs (standard speed), one or more devices on the bus could be reset. Read ROM [33h] The Read ROM command allows the bus master to read the DS28E10’s 8-bit family code, unique 48-bit serial number, and 8-bit CRC. This command can only be used if there is a single slave on the bus. If more than one slave is present on the bus, a data collision occurs when VPUP BUS MASTER DS28E10 1-Wire PORT RPUP DATA Rx Tx Rx = RECEIVE Tx = TRANSMIT OPEN-DRAIN PORT PIN Rx IL Tx 100Ω MOSFET Figure 7. Hardware Configuration 13 DS28E10 1-Wire Bus System ABRIDGED DATA SHEET DS28E10 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator all slaves try to transmit at the same time (open drain produces a wired-AND result). The resultant family code and 48-bit serial number result in a mismatch of the CRC. Match ROM [55h] The Match ROM command, followed by a 64-bit ROM ID, allows the bus master to address a specific DS28E10 on a multidrop bus. Only the DS28E10 that exactly matches the 64-bit ROM ID responds to the following memory or SHA-1 function command. All other slaves wait for a reset pulse. This command can be used with a single or multiple devices on the bus. Search ROM [F0h] When a system is initially brought up, the bus master might not know the number of devices on the 1-Wire bus or their ROM ID numbers. By taking advantage of the wired-AND property of the bus, the master can use a process of elimination to identify the ID of all slave devices. For each bit of the ID number, starting with the least significant bit, the bus master issues a triplet of time slots. On the first slot, each slave device participating in the search outputs the true value of its ID number bit. On the second slot, each slave device participating in the search outputs the complemented value of its ID number bit. On the third slot, the master writes the true value of the bit to be selected. All slave devices that do not match the bit written by the master stop participating in the search. If both of the read bits are zero, the master knows that slave devices exist with both states of the bit. By choosing which state to write, the bus master branches in the search tree. After one complete pass, the bus master knows the ROM ID number of a single device. Additional passes identify the ID numbers of the remaining devices. Refer to Application Note 187: 1-Wire Search Algorithm for a detailed discussion, including an example. Skip ROM [CCh] This command can save time in a single-drop bus system by allowing the bus master to access the memory or SHA-1 functions without providing the 64-bit ROM ID. If more than one slave is present on the bus and, for example, a read command is issued following the Skip ROM command, data collision occurs on the bus as multiple slaves transmit simultaneously (open-drain pulldowns produce a wired-AND result). 14 Resume Command [A5h] To maximize the data throughput in a multidrop environment, the Resume command is available. This command checks the status of the RC bit and, if it is set, directly transfers control to the memory and SHA-1 functions, similar to a Skip ROM command. The only way to set the RC bit is through successfully executing the Match ROM, Search ROM, or Overdrive-Match ROM command. Once the RC bit is set, the device can repeatedly be accessed through the Resume command. Accessing another device on the bus clears the RC bit, preventing two or more devices from simultaneously responding to the Resume command. Overdrive-Skip ROM [3Ch] On a single-drop bus this command can save time by allowing the bus master to access the memory functions without providing the 64-bit ROM ID. Unlike the normal Skip ROM command, the Overdrive-Skip ROM sets the DS28E10 in the overdrive mode (OD = 1). All communication following this command must occur at overdrive speed until a reset pulse of minimum 480Fs duration resets all devices on the bus to standard speed (OD = 0). When issued on a multidrop bus, this command sets all overdrive-supporting devices into overdrive mode. To subsequently address a specific overdrive-supporting device, a reset pulse at overdrive speed must be issued followed by a Match ROM or Search ROM command sequence. This speeds up the time for the search process. If more than one slave supporting overdrive is present on the bus and the Overdrive-Skip ROM command is followed by a read command, data collision occurs on the bus as multiple slaves transmit simultaneously (opendrain pulldowns produce a wired-AND result). Overdrive-Match ROM [69h] The Overdrive-Match ROM command followed by a 64-bit ROM ID transmitted at overdrive speed allows the bus master to address a specific DS28E10 on a multidrop bus and to simultaneously set it in overdrive mode. Only the DS28E10 that exactly matches the 64-bit number responds to the subsequent memory or SHA-1 function command. Slaves already in overdrive mode from a previous Overdrive-Skip ROM or successful Overdrive-Match ROM command remain in overdrive mode. All overdrive-capable slaves return to standard speed at the next reset pulse of minimum 480Fs duration. The Overdrive-Match ROM command can be used with a single or multiple devices on the bus. ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator DS28E10 BUS MASTER Tx RESET PULSE FROM FIGURE 8b FROM MEMORY AND SHA-1 FUNCTION FLOWCHART (FIGURE 6) OD RESET PULSE? N OD = 0 Y BUS MASTER Tx ROM FUNCTION COMMAND 33h READ ROM COMMAND? DS28E10 Tx PRESENCE PULSE N 55h MATCH ROM COMMAND? F0h SEARCH ROM COMMAND? N N CCh SKIP ROM COMMAND? Y Y Y Y RC = 0 RC = 0 RC = 0 RC = 0 DS28E10 Tx FAMILY CODE (1 BYTE) MASTER Tx BIT 0 DS28E10 Tx BIT 0 MASTER Tx BIT 0 N N BIT 0 MATCH? Y Y DS28E10 Tx BIT 1 MASTER Tx BIT 1 DS28E10 Tx BIT 1 MASTER Tx BIT 1 BIT 1 MATCH? N N BIT 1 MATCH? Y Y DS28E10 Tx CRC BYTE TO FIGURE 8b DS28E10 Tx BIT 0 BIT 0 MATCH? DS28E10 Tx SERIAL NUMBER (6 BYTES) N DS28E10 Tx BIT 63 MASTER Tx BIT 63 DS28E10 Tx BIT 63 MASTER Tx BIT 63 BIT 63 MATCH? N N BIT 63 MATCH? Y Y RC = 1 RC = 1 TO FIGURE 8b FROM FIGURE 8b TO MEMORY AND SHA-1 FUNCTION FLOWCHART (FIGURE 6) Figure 8a. ROM Functions Flowchart 15 ABRIDGED DATA SHEET DS28E10 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator TO FIGURE 8a FROM FIGURE 8a A5h RESUME COMMAND? 3Ch OVERDRIVESKIP ROM? N N Y Y N Y RC = 0; OD = 1 RC = 1? 69h OVERDRIVEMATCH ROM? RC = 0; OD = 1 N Y MASTER Tx RESET? Y MASTER Tx BIT 0 N MASTER Tx RESET? N Y BIT 0 MATCH? N (SEE NOTE) OD = 0 Y MASTER Tx BIT 1 BIT 1 MATCH? N (SEE NOTE) OD = 0 Y MASTER Tx BIT 63 BIT 63 MATCH? N (SEE NOTE) OD = 0 Y FROM FIGURE 8a RC = 1 TO FIGURE 8a NOTE: THE OD FLAG REMAINS AT 1 IF THE DEVICE WAS ALREADY AT OVERDRIVE SPEED BEFORE THE OVERDRIVE-MATCH ROM COMMAND WAS ISSUED. Figure 8b. ROM Functions Flowchart (continued) 16 ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator device is in overdrive mode and tRSTL is between 80Fs and 480Fs, the device resets, but the communication speed is undetermined. The DS28E10 requires strict protocols to ensure data integrity. The protocol consists of four types of signaling on one line: reset sequence with reset pulse and presence pulse, write-zero, write-one, and read-data. Except for the presence pulse, the bus master initiates all falling edges. The DS28E10 can communicate at two different speeds: standard speed and overdrive speed. If not explicitly set into the overdrive mode, the DS28E10 communicates at standard speed. While in overdrive mode the fast timing applies to all waveforms. After the bus master has released the line it goes into receive mode. Now the 1-Wire bus is pulled to VPUP through the pullup resistor, or in case of a DS2482-x00 driver, by active circuitry. When the threshold VIH is crossed, the DS28E10 waits for tPDH and then transmits a presence pulse by pulling the line low for tPDL. To detect a presence pulse, the master must test the logical state of the 1-Wire line at tMSP. The tRSTH window must be at least the sum of tPDHMAX, tPDLMAX, and tRECMIN. Immediately after tRSTH is expired, the DS28E10 is ready for data communication. In a mixed population network, tRSTH should be extended to minimum 480Fs at standard speed and 48Fs at overdrive speed to accommodate other 1-Wire devices. To get from idle to active, the voltage on the 1-Wire line needs to fall from VPUP below the threshold VIL. To get from active to idle, the voltage needs to rise from 0V past the threshold VIH. The time it takes for the voltage to make this rise is seen in Figure 9 as ε, and its duration depends on the pullup resistor (RPUP) used and the capacitance of the 1-Wire network attached. Read/Write Time Slots Figure 9 shows the initialization sequence required to begin any communication with the DS28E10. A reset pulse followed by a presence pulse indicates that the DS28E10 is ready to receive data, given the correct ROM and memory function command. If the bus master uses slew-rate control on the falling edge, it must pull down the line for tRSTL + tF to compensate for the edge. A tRSTL duration of 480Fs or longer exits the overdrive mode, returning the device to standard speed. If the DS28E10 is in overdrive mode and tRSTL is no longer than 80Fs, the device remains in overdrive mode. If the Data communication with the DS28E10 takes place in time slots, which carry a single bit each. Write time slots transport data from bus master to slave. Read time slots transfer data from slave to master. Figure 10 illustrates the definitions of the write and read time slots. All communication begins with the master pulling the data line low. As the voltage on the 1-Wire line falls below the threshold VIL, the DS28E10 starts its internal timing generator that determines when the data line is sampled MASTER Tx "RESET PULSE" MASTER Rx "PRESENCE PULSE" ε tMSP VPUP VIHMASTER VIH VIL 0V tRSTL tPDH tF tPDL tREC tRSTH RESISTOR MASTER DS28E10 Figure 9. Initialization Procedure: Reset and Presence Pulse 17 DS28E10 1-Wire Signaling ABRIDGED DATA SHEET DS28E10 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator WRITE-ONE TIME SLOT tW1L VPUP VIHMASTER VIH VIL 0V ε tF tSLOT RESISTOR MASTER WRITE-ZERO TIME SLOT tW0L VPUP VIHMASTER VIH VIL 0V ε tF tSLOT RESISTOR tREC MASTER READ-DATA TIME SLOT tMSR tRL VPUP VIHMASTER VIH MASTER SAMPLING WINDOW VIL 0V δ tF tREC tSLOT RESISTOR Figure 10. Read/Write Timing Diagrams 18 MASTER DS28E10 ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator Master-to-Slave For a write-one time slot, the voltage on the data line must have crossed the VIH threshold before the writeone low time tW1LMAX is expired. For a write-zero time slot, the voltage on the data line must stay below the VIH threshold until the write-zero low time tW0LMIN is expired. For the most reliable communication, the voltage on the data line should not exceed VILMAX during the entire tW0L or tW1L window. After the VIH threshold has been crossed, the DS28E10 needs a recovery time tREC before it is ready for the next time slot. Slave-to-Master A read-data time slot begins like a write-one time slot. The voltage on the data line must remain below VIL until the read low time tRL is expired. During the tRL window, when responding with a 0, the DS28E10 starts pulling the data line low; its internal timing generator determines when this pulldown ends and the voltage starts rising again. When responding with a 1, the DS28E10 does not hold the data line low at all, and the voltage starts rising as soon as tRL is over. The sum of tRL + d (rise time) on one side and the internal timing generator of the DS28E10 on the other side define the master sampling window (tMSRMIN to tMSRMAX) in which the master must perform a read from the data line. For the most reliable communication, tRL should be as short as permissible, and the master should read close to but no later than tMSRMAX. After reading from the data line, the master must wait until tSLOT is expired. This guarantees sufficient recovery time tREC for the DS28E10 to get ready for the next time slot. Note that tREC specified herein applies only to a single DS28E10 attached to a 1-Wire line. For multidevice configurations, tREC needs to be extended to accommodate the additional 1-Wire device input capacitance. Alternatively, an interface that performs active pullup during the 1-Wire recovery time, such as the DS2482-x00 1-Wire line drivers, can be used. Programming Pulse Refer to the full data sheet for this information. Improved Network Behavior (Switchpoint Hysteresis) In a 1-Wire environment, line termination is possible only during transients controlled by the bus master (1-Wire driver). 1-Wire networks, therefore, are susceptible to noise of various origins. Depending on the physical size and topology of the network, reflections from end points and branch points can add up or cancel each other to some extent. Such reflections are visible as glitches or ringing on the 1-Wire communication line. Noise coupled onto the 1-Wire line from external sources can also result in signal glitching. A glitch during the rising edge of a time slot can cause a slave device to lose synchronization with the master and, consequently, result in a Refer to the full data sheet for this information. Figure 11. Programming Pulse Timing 19 DS28E10 during a write time slot and how long data is valid during a read time slot. ABRIDGED DATA SHEET DS28E10 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator Refer to the full data sheet for this information. Figure 12. Typical Circuit for EPROM Programming tREH tREH VPUP VIH VHY CASE A CASE B CASE C 0V tGL tGL Figure 13. Noise Suppression Scheme Search ROM command coming to a dead end or cause a device-specific function command to abort. For better performance there is a hysteresis at the low-to-high switching threshold VIH. If a negative glitch crosses VIH but does not go below VIH - VHY, it is not recognized (Figure 13, Case A). The hysteresis is effective at any 1‑Wire speed. after crossing the VIH threshold and extend beyond the tREH window cannot be filtered out and are taken as the beginning of a new time slot (Figure 13, Case C, tGL R tREH). The rising-edge hold-off glitch filtering does not apply at overdrive speed. For standard speed communication only, there is a time window specified by the rising-edge hold-off time tREH during which glitches are ignored, even if they extend below VIH - VHY threshold (Figure 13, Case B, tGL < tREH). Deep voltage droops or glitches that appear late The DS28E10 uses two different types of CRCs. One CRC is an 8-bit type that is computed at the factory and is stored in the most significant byte of the 64-bit ROM ID number. The bus master can compute a CRC value from the first 56 bits of the 64-bit ROM ID and compare it to 20 CRC Generation ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator DS28E10 the value read from the DS28E10 to determine if the ID has been received error-free. The equivalent polynomial function of this CRC is X8 + X5 + X4 + 1. This 8-bit CRC is received in the true (noninverted) form. The other CRC is a 16-bit type, which is used for error detection with memory and SHA-1 commands. For details, refer to the full data sheet. Refer to the full data sheet for this information. Figure 14. CRC-16 Hardware Description and Polynomial 21 ABRIDGED DATA SHEET DS28E10 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator Applications Information Power-Up Timing The DS28E10 is sensitive to the power-on slew rate and can inadvertently power up with incomplete initialization. When this occurs, the Read ROM command does not deliver a valid ROM ID and the memory/SHA-1 functions do not work properly. Some production lots are more affected than others. For most reliable operation, it is recommended to perform the following steps after the VCC supply has reached its normal operating level: 1) Generate a reset/presence detect sequence (see Figure 9). 2) Issue the Skip ROM command. 3) Issue the Write Memory command (code 55h) with memory address 0000h. 4) Send 4 data bytes FFh. 5) Read the inverted CRC-16 and, without waiting for tPP, send the 00h clocking byte. Do not apply the programming pulse; instead, leave VCC at its normal level (VCC = VPUP). These steps force an internal power-on reset with complete initialization. Now the device is ready to operate and delivers a valid ROM ID and correctly executes all ROM and memory/SHA-1 function commands. If there is more than one DS28E10 on the 1-Wire bus, this procedure initializes all of them at the same time. Compatibility Considerations The DS28E10 might not be the only device on the 1-Wire bus. Therefore, one should be aware of unintended consequences caused by issuing Skip ROM followed by command code 55h. As it turns out, 1-Wire memories understand command code 55h as Copy Scratchpad, a command that is executed only if preceded by a matching Write Scratchpad command; this precondition is not met here. Logger iButtons of the DS1922 series and the DS1923 understand command code 55h as Forced Conversion. This command would definitely be executed, but has no effect other than overwriting the Latest Conversion Readout register with new values; this occurs only if no mission is in progress. 6) Generate a reset/presence detect sequence. Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. 24 PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 6 TSOC D6+1 21-0382 90-0321 3 SOT23 U3+2 21-0051 90-0179 ABRIDGED DATA SHEET 1-Wire SHA-1 Authenticator REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 6/10 Initial release 1 10/10 Changed ESD specification from 8kV to 6kV in the Features section and added land pattern information to the Package Information section 2 4/11 Added the Applications Information section DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED — 1, 23 24 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2011 Maxim Integrated Products 25 Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. DS28E10 Revision History