A pp li c a t i o n N o t e , R e v . 2 . 0 , O c t . 2 00 6 A p p li c a t i o n N o t e N o . 0 1 3 8 0 0 - 1 0 0 0 M H z P I N - D i o d e T r an s m i t - R ec e i v e Switch R F & P r o t e c ti o n D e v i c e s Edition 2006-10-20 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 München, Germany © Infineon Technologies AG 2009. All Rights Reserved. LEGAL DISCLAIMER THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THIS APPLICATION NOTE IS GIVEN AS A HINT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT ONLY AND SHALL NOT BE REGARDED AS ANY DESCRIPTION OR WARRANTY OF A CERTAIN FUNCTIONALITY, CONDITION OR QUALITY OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT. THE RECIPIENT OF THIS APPLICATION NOTE MUST VERIFY ANY FUNCTION DESCRIBED HEREIN IN THE REAL APPLICATION. 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Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. Application Note No. 013 800 - 1000 MHz PIN-Diode Transmit-Receive Switch Revision History: 2006-10-20, Rev. 2.0 Previous Version: 2000-07-27 Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) All Document layout change Application Note 3 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 800 - 1000 MHz PIN-Diode Transmit-Receive Switch 1 800 - 1000 MHz PIN-Diode Transmit-Receive Switch This application is designed to serve as a non mechanical transmit-receive switch for AMPS, GMS and PDC mobile telephones. Advantages • • • • No power consumption in receive state No negative voltage required Low component count Low cost Antenna λ/4 BAR65 -03W TX RX 150nH 1.0pF 15pF 470pF +U 1.0pF BAR81 Microstrip L=8.6mm W=0.3mm I=+10mA for TX - Ant U=0 ... -5V for RX - Ant AN013_PIN_switch_conf.vsd Figure 1 PIN diode switch configuration Table 1 Performance Data at 800 - 1000 MHz Transmit-state (I = +10 mA ... 1 mA) Receive-state (U = -5 V) TX-Ant. Loss 0.3 ... 0.4 dB1) RX-Ant. Loss 0.55 ... 0.6 dB1) Ant.-RX Isolation 35 ... 32 dB TX-RX Isolation 17 ... 16 dB TX-RX Isolation 35 ... 33 dB TX-Ant. Isolation 19 ... 17 dB 1) These values are the overall losses, evaluation of a dummy-circuit with diodes replaced by open / short show 0.15 dB loss in TX-Antenna path and 0.2 dB from Antenna to RX. Application Note 4 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements 2 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements 2.1 Measurement Setup TX-Port: f = 890 MHz, 33 dBm power, harmonic suppression > 95 dBc RX-Port: DC- blocked 50 Ω termination Ant.-Port: DC-blocked spectrum analyzer Values referred to input power level at TX-Port: Table 2 Input power level at TX-Port I = 5 mA I = 10 mA 2.2 • • 1. Harmonic @ 1.78 GHz 2. Harmonic @ 2.67 GHz 72 dBc > 95 dBc 75 dBc > 95 dBc Functional Description In transmit mode both diodes are forward biased and therefore conduct. The short-circuit BAR80 diode at the RF-port is transformed into an open-circuit at the Antenna-port by a λ/4 line. In receive mode, both diodes are reverse biased and therefore non conducting. The RF signal passes from Antenna- to RX-port via λ/4 line. Further improvement of the circuit can be achieved by compensation of the remaining diode-capacitance in off-state with shunt-inductors. The λ/4 line is realized by microstripline inductors and SMD capacitors to reduce the length of the assembly. ANTENNA RX TX +U Infineon GSM PIN-Switch AN013_Layout_evaluation_board.vsd Figure 2 Layout of the evaluation board (size: 30 mm x 45 mm) Application Note 5 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements BAR65 -03W 1. 0pF 150nH 47pF 470p F 1.0p F BAR81 +U AN013_Com ponent_placem ent.vsd Figure 3 Component placement Table 3 Part List BAR81 PIN diode MW-4 Infineon BAR65-03W PIN diode SOD323 Infineon 1.0 pF Cap. 0805 S+M 15 pF Cap. 0805 S+M 470 pF Cap. 0805 S+M 150 nH Ind. SIMID01 S+M Board 1 mm Epoxy FR4, 30 x 45 mm Application Note 6 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements 2.3 Simulation For simulation with Microwave Harmonica V6.0. the PIN-Switch structure is divided into several elements: ANTENNA Port 2 2 TX Port 1 BAR65-03W 5 1 TRL 7 TRL W=W50 P=5mm W=W50 P=3mm (not simulated) TRL W=W50 P=1mm W=W50 P=0.6mm W=W50 P=0.6mm TEE 9 10 W 1=W50 W 2=W50 W 3=W50 W=BR P=LL C=1.0pF W=BR P=LL W1=W50 W2=BR VIA W=BR P=LL C=1.0pF VIA D=0.6mm 0 +U W1=LL W2=LL W3=1.5mm BAR81 15 100 110 140 150 20 30 60 70 120 115 STEP STEP STEP TRL TEE TRL TEE TRL TRL TWO TRL TRL 11 8 ONE W1=LL W2=LL W3=1.5mm W=W50 P=10mm D=0.6mm W=1mm P=1mm W=1mm P=1mm RX Port 3 3 W=W50 P=5mm W 1=1mm W 2=W 50 W1=BR W2=1mm W=1mm P=0.6mm 130 W=1mm P=0.6mm 0 LL=8.6mm BR=0.3mm W50=1.75mm D=0.6mm Substrate Material: FR4 H=1.0mm T=0.035mm ER=4.8 TAND=0.02 @ 0.9GHz VIA VIA 0 0 D=0.6mm AN013_Equivalent_circuit.vsd Figure 4 Several PIN-Switch elements for simulation with Microwave Harmonica These Elements must be placed into a description file: ******************************************************************* * 800-1000 MHz T/R-Switch with BAR81/BAR65-03W ******************************************************************* * * ANT * Port 2 * O * | Ind. Ind. Ind. * |\ | | /-\/-\ /-\/-\ /-\/-\ * TX o--| >|--o--| |-+-| |-+-| |-----o-----O RX * Port 1 |/ | | | | Port 3 * BAR65 | | +-----+ * -03W C --+-- C --+-\ / BAR81 * --+---+-\ / * | | ---+--* | | | * ---+--- ---+-----+--- GND * * Substrate Material: * FR4, H=1mm, T=0.035mm, ER=4.8, TAND=0.02 @ 0.9GHz * * 24.10.95 K. Brenndoerfer HL EH PD * 13.02.96 J.P. Schaffer HL EH PD1 ******************************************************************* AN013_Discription_file_sim ulation.vsd Figure 5 Circuit design Simulation Application Note 7 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements kap: ll: br: w50: BLK trl trl ost one ost trl tee trl 1.0PF 8.6MM 0.3mm 1.75mm ; ; ; ; Capacitor to simulate quater lambda line length of trl (inductor) to simulate quater lambda li width of trl (inductor) to simulate quater lambda lin width of 50 ohm line ; RX-ANT ON, TX-ANT OFF 1 5 w=w50 p=4.85mm 5 7 w=w50 p=2.0mm 7 w=w50 p=0.6mm 7 8 b65of 8 w=w50 p=0.6mm 8 9 w=w50 p=1.0mm 9 10 11 w1=w50 w2=w50 w3=w50 11 2 w=w50 p=10mm step 10 15 trl 15 20 tee 20 30 40 cap 40 50 via 50 via 50 trl 30 60 tee 60 70 80 cap 80 90 via 50 via 50 trl 70 100 step 100 110 trl 110 115 ost 115 two 115 120 130 ost 120 via 130 via 130 trl 120 140 step 140 150 trl 150 3 rxan: 3por 1 2 w1=w50 w=br w1=br c=kap d=0.5mm d=0.5mm w=br w1=br c=kap d=0.5mm d=0.5mm w=br w1=br w=1mm w=1mm b81of w=1mm d=0.5mm d=0.5mm w=1mm w1=1mm w=w50 3 ; BAR65-03W sub sub sub sub w2=br p=ll w2=br sub sub w3=1.0mm sub p=ll w2=br sub sub sub w3=1.0mm sub p=ll w2=1mm p=1mm p=0.6mm sub sub sub sub sub sub ; BAR81 p=0.6mm p=1.2mm w2=w50 p=3mm sub sub sub sub sub sub ; 1=TX END Figure 6 sub sub sub 2=ANT 3= AN013_Discription_file_sim ulation1.vsd Simulation Data 1 Application Note 8 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements BLK trl trl ost one ost trl tee trl step trl tee cap via via trl tee cap via via ; RX-ANT OFF, TX-ANT ON 1 5 w=w50 p=4.85mm 5 7 w=w50 p=2.0mm 7 w=w50 p=0.6mm 7 8 b65on 8 w=w50 p=0.6mm 8 9 w=w50 p=1.0mm 9 10 11 w1=w50 w2=w50 w3=w50 11 2 w=w50 p=10mm 10 15 w1=w50 w2=br 15 20 w=br p=ll 20 30 40 w1=br w2=br w3=1.0mm 40 50 c=kap 50 d=0.5mm 50 d=0.5mm 30 60 w=br p=ll 60 70 80 w1=br w2=br w3=1.0mm 80 90 c=kap 50 d=0.5mm 50 d=0.5mm trl 70 100 step 100 110 trl 110 115 ost 115 two 115 120 130 ost 120 via 130 via 130 trl 120 140 step 140 150 trl 150 3 txan: 3por 1 2 w=br w1=br w=1mm w=1mm b81on w=1mm d=0.5mm d=0.5mm w=1mm w1=1mm w=w50 3 sub sub sub ; BAR65-03W sub sub sub sub sub sub sub sub sub sub sub sub sub p=ll w2=1mm p=1mm p=0.6mm sub sub sub sub p=0.6mm sub sub sub sub sub sub ; BAR81 p=1.2mm w2=w50 p=3mm ; 1=TX 2=ANT 3 END FREQ STEP END 10MHz 2GHZ DATA SUB: MS H=1mm b81of:DUMMY b81on:DUMMY b65of:DUMMY b65on:DUMMY END ER=4.8 10MHz TAND=0.02 MET1=CU 35UM FILE=a:\bar81\mv5v00u0.s2p FILE=a:\bar81\mvv0010m.s2p FILE=a:\bar65-3w\5w5v00u0.s1p FILE=a:\bar65-3w\5wv0010m.s1p AN013_Discription_file_sim ulation2.vsd Figure 7 Simulation Data 2 Application Note 9 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements The simulation shows the following results: 04-DEC-96 COMPACT SOFTWARE - MICROWAVE HARMONICA PC V6.6 13:12:36 File: d:\schaffer\proj96\gsm_sw01\gsm.ckt MS21 [dB] TXAN MS23 [dB] TXAN MS13 [dB] TXAN 0.00 -5.00 -10.00 -15.00 -20.00 -25.00 -30.00 -35.00 -40.00 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 Freq [GHz] AN013_Sim ulation_results_TXon.vsd Figure 8 Simulation results: State ‘TX on’ Application Note 10 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20 Application Note No. 013 Harmonic Distortion Characteristics Measurements 04-DEC-96 COMPACT SOFTWARE - MICROWAVE HARMONICA PC V6.6 13:12:26 File: d:\schaffer\proj96\gsm_sw01\gsm.ckt MS21 [dB] RXAN MS23 [dB] RXAN MS13 [dB] RXAN 0.00 -5.00 -10.00 -15.00 -20.00 -25.00 -30.00 -35.00 -40.00 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 Freq [GHz] AN013_Sim ulation_results_TXoff.vsd Figure 9 Simulation results: ‘TX off’ Application Note 11 Rev. 2.0, 2006-10-20