Application Note, Rev. 1.2, February 2008 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Stage using the Infineon BFP450 Transistor RF & Protection Devices Edition 2008-02-21 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 München, Germany © Infineon Technologies AG 2011. All Rights Reserved. LEGAL DISCLAIMER THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THIS APPLICATION NOTE IS GIVEN AS A HINT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT ONLY AND SHALL NOT BE REGARDED AS ANY DESCRIPTION OR WARRANTY OF A CERTAIN FUNCTIONALITY, CONDITION OR QUALITY OF THE INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES COMPONENT. THE RECIPIENT OF THIS APPLICATION NOTE MUST VERIFY ANY FUNCTION DESCRIBED HEREIN IN THE REAL APPLICATION. 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Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. Application Note No. 145 Application Note No. 145 Revision History: 2008-02-21, Rev. 1.2 Previous Version: 2005-03-01, Rev. 1.1 Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) All Small changes in figure descriptions Application Note 3 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output 1 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Stage using the Infineon BFP450 Transistor Overview BFP450 SIEGET transistor is investigated as an alternative to the BFP650 SiGe Low Noise Transistor for the output stage of an SDARS active antenna LNA. A key parameter is +20 dBm P1dB capability in the output stage. The PCB used is standard FR4 material & "0402" case sizes components are used. A total of approximately 50 mm² of PCB area is required, the total component count, including the BFP450 and all passives, is 13. Net result is: BFP450 provides slightly more available output power than BFP650 at comparable DC operating points; however, BFP450 has less gain and higher noise figure. See table below. Both devices are in SOT343 package with identical pin-outs. Note output power is "voltage limited" = e.g. if bias resistors were changed after power supply voltage was increased, one should be able to hit +20 dBm OP1dB with less than 100 mA current. Table 1 Comparison of BFP650 and BFP450 as SDARS active antenna output stage at 2.33 GHz Device DC Operating Point Small Signal Gain, dB Output P1dB, dBm Noise Figure, dB BFP450 3 V, 76 mA, VCE = 2.7 V 9.8 +18.7 2.7 BFP450 3.7 V, 100 mA, VCE = 3.2 V 10.0 +20.5 Not tested BFP650 3.0 V, 53 mA ≈ +18.0 1.3 14.1 Summary • • Achieved 9.8 dB gain, 2.7 dB Noise Figure over the 2320 - 2345 MHz band, drawing 76 mA @ 3.0 V, or 100 mA @ 3.7 V. Amplifier is unconditionally stable from 5 MHz to 8 GHz. Output P1dB = +18.7 dBm @ 3 V, 76 mA or +20.5 dBm @ 3.7 V, 100 mA. BFP450 seems to show a slight advantage in Output P1dB as compared to the BFP650. However, gain of BFP450 in same PC board is approx. 4 dB lower, and noise figure of BFP450 is 1.4 dB higher. Block Diagram of Application Typical SDARS Active Antenna LNA 2320 - 2332.5 MHz (SIRIUS, 3 Stages) 2332.5 - 2345 MHz (XM Radio, 2 Stages) &RPELQHG6DWHOOLWH&LUFXODU3RODUL]DWLRQ7HUUHVWULDO$QWHQQD/LQHDU3RODUL]DWLRQ ,QILQHRQ %)3 %)3) ,QILQHRQ %)3) 25 %)3) %DQGSDVV)LOWHU &RD[&DEOH $SSUR[G% ORVV ,QILQHRQ %)3 * G% ,'& P$ 1) G% 3G% G%P#9P$ 20,7WKLVVWDJHIRU ;05DGLR 3G% G%P#P$ $1BEORFNBGLDJUDPYVG Figure 1 Block Diagram of Application Application Note 4 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output PC Board Cross Sectional Diagram 7+,663$&,1*&5,7,&$/ 723/$<(5 LQFKPP ,17(51$/*5281'3/$1( LQFKPP" /$<(5)250(&+$1,&$/5,*,',7<2)3&%7+,&.1(66+(5(127&5,7,&$/$6 /21*$6727$/3&%7+,&.1(66'2(6127(;&((',1&+PP 63(&,),&$7,21)25727$/3&%7+,&.1(66,1&+ PPPP %27720/$<(5 $1B3&%YVG Figure 2 PCB - Cross Sectional Diagram Schematic Diagram 9FF RU9 - '&&RQQHFWRU , RUP$ 5 RKPV 5 . & X) & S) 5 RKPV / %ODFNUHFWDQJOHVDUHPLFURVWULS Q+ WUDFNVQRWFKLSFRPSRQHQWV - 5),1387 & X) 4 %)3 7UDQVLVWRU 627 / Q+ & S) & S) - 5)287387 RKPPLFURVWULS RKPPLFURVWULS 3&% 5HY$ 3&%RDUG0DWHULDO 6WDQGDUG)5 & S) & S) %)39FH RU9 ,QGXFWLYH(PLWWHU'HJHQHUDWLRQ0LFURVWULS IRU,3 LPSURYHPHQW5)PDWFKLQJ :LGWK LQFKPP /HQJWK LQFKPP $1B6FKHPDWLFYVG Figure 3 Schematic Diagram Application Note 5 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Summary of Data T = 25 °C, Network analyzer source power ≈ -30 dBm Table 2 Summary of Results Parameter Result Comments Frequency Range Under 2320 to 2345 MHz Covers both XM Radio and SIRIUS frequency bands. DC Current 100 mA @ 3.7 V 76 mA @ 3.0 V Note power supply voltage is measured directly across PCB supply line and ground, to eliminate voltage drop across wire harness. Gain 9.8 dB @ 2332.5 MHz Noise Figure 2.7 dB @ 2332.5 MHz These values do not extract PCB losses, etc. resulting from FR4 board an passives used on PCB these results are at input SMA connector. Input P1dB +11.7 dBm @ 3.7 V +9.9 dBm @ 3.0 V Measured @ 2332.5 MHz. See Table 4 and Table 5. Output P1dB +20.5 dBm @ 3.7 V +18.7 dBm @ 3.0 V See Table 4 and Table 5. Collector Efficiency at 1 dB Compression Point 30.3 % @ 3.7 V 32.5 % @ 3.0 V Decent results for a Class A amplifier Input 3rd Order Intercept +22.9 dBm @ 2332 MHz Figure 14 and Figure 15. Measured at 3.0 V. Output 3rd Order Intercept +32.6 dBm @ 2332 MHz Figure 14 and Figure 15. Measured at 3.0 V. Input Return Loss 9.0 dB @ 2332.5 MHz Output Return Loss 9.8 dB @ 2332.5 MHz Reverse Isolation 14.6 dB @ 2332.5 MHz Application Note 6 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Noise Figure, Plot, 2232.5 MHz to 2432.5 MHz, Center of Plot (x-axis) is 2332.5 MHz. 5RKGH6FKZDU])6(. 0DU 1RLVH)LJXUH (871DPH 0DQXIDFWXUHU 2SHUDWLQJ&RQGLWLRQV 2SHUDWRU1DPH 7HVW6SHFLILFDWLRQ &RPPHQW %)36'$562XWSXW6WDJH ,QILQHRQ7HFKQRORJLHV 9 9, P$7 & *HUDUG:HYHUV *+]6'$56EDQG 2Q%)33&%5HY$ 0DUFK $QDO\]HU 5)$WW 5HI/YO G% G%P 5%: 0+] 9%: +] 5DQJH G% 5HI/YODXWR 21 0RGH 'LUHFW (15 +3$(15 0HDVXUHPHQW QGVWDJHFRUU 21 1RLVH)LJXUHG% 0+] 0+]',9 0+] $1BSORWBQIYVG Figure 4 Noise Figure Application Note 7 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Noise Figure, Tabular Data From Rohde & Schwarz FSEK3 + FSEM30 System Preamplifier = MITEQ SMC-02 Table 3 Noise Figure Frequency Noise Figure 2232.5 MHz 2.85 dB 2242.5 MHz 2.82 dB 2252.5 MHz 2.84 dB 2262.5 MHz 2.79 dB 2272.5 MHz 2.77 dB 2282.5 MHz 2.75 dB 2292.5 MHz 2.72 dB 2302.5 MHz 2.73 dB 2312.5 MHz 2.70 dB 2322.5 MHz 2.65 dB 2332.5 MHz 2.72 dB 2342.5 MHz 2.60 dB 2352.5 MHz 2.62 dB 2362.5 MHz 2.62 dB 2372.5 MHz 2.56 dB 2382.5 MHz 2.55 dB 2392.5 MHz 2.53 dB 2402.5 MHz 2.57 dB 2412.5 MHz 2.51 dB 2422.5 MHz 2.52 dB 2432.5 MHz 2.51 dB Application Note 8 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Scanned Image of PC Board Figure 5 Image of PC Board Application Note 9 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Scanned Image of PC Board, Close-In Shot. Total PCB area used ≅ 50 mm². Figure 6 Image of PC Board, Close-In Shot Application Note 10 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Stability Rohde and Schwarz ZVC Network Analyzer calculates and plots Stabilty Factor "K" in real time. Note minimum K value is approximately 1.04 over the 5 MHz to 8 GHz range. Since inductive emitter degeneration is used, S parameters should be measured up to at least 15 GHz to verify K > 1, B1 > 0 up to 15 GHz. &+ . 8 /,1 5H P8 5() 8 8 *+] * + ] 8 *+] *+] &$/ 2)6 P8 8 &3/ ),/ N 602 8 6 7 $5 7 0+] 'DWH 0$5 *+] 6723 *+] $1BSORWBVWDELOLW\B.YVG Figure 7 Plot of K(f) Application Note 11 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Gain Compression Amplifier is checked for 1 dB compression point at VCC = 3.0 V, I = 76 mA (with VCE = 2.7 V), and at VCC = 3.7 V, I = 100 mA (with VCE = 3.2 V). An Agilent power meter was used to ensure accurate power levels are measured (as opposed to using Vector Network Analyzer in "Power Sweep" mode). For 3.0 V power supply voltage ⇒ OP1dB ≅ +18.7 dBm, or 74.1 mW Collector efficiency at this point is 74.1 mW / (3 V x 76 mA) = 32.5 % For 3.7 V power supply voltage ⇒ OP1dB ≅ +20.5 dBm, or 112.2 mW Collector efficiency at this point is 112.2 mW / (3.7 V x 100 mA) = 30.3 % Table 4 3.0 V, 76 mA PIN, dBm POUT, dBm Gain 0 +9.9 9.9 +5.0 +14.8 9.8 +6.0 +15.8 9.8 +7.0 +16.6 9.6 +8.0 +17.5 9.5 +9.0 +18.2 9.2 +10.0 +18.8 8.8 +11.0 +19.2 8.2 Table 5 3.7 V, 100 mA PIN, dBm POUT, dBm Gain 0 +10.1 10.1 +5.0 +15.0 10.0 +6.0 +16.0 10.0 +7.0 +16.9 9.9 +8.0 +17.8 9.8 +9.0 +18.7 9.7 +10.0 +19.5 9.5 +11.0 +20.3 9.3 +12.0 +20.9 8.9 Application Note 12 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Please Note - all plots are taken from ZVC Network Analyzer with amplifier DC bias set to 3.0 V, 76 mA. Input Return Loss, Log Mag 5 MHz - 8 GHz &+ 6 G% G% 0$* G% 5() G% G% *+] * + ] G% *+] *+] G% &$/ 2)6 G% &3/ ),/ N G% 6 7 $5 7 0+] 'DWH 0$5 *+] 6723 *+] $1BSORWBLQSXWBUHWXUQBORVVYVG Figure 8 Plot of Input Return Loss Application Note 13 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Input Return Loss, Smith Chart Reference Plane = Input SMA Connector on PC Board 5 MHz - 8 GHz &+ 6 8 M *+] M *+] &$/ 2)6 &3/ ),/ N 602 67$57 0+] 'DWH 0$5 6723 *+] $1BVPLWKBLQSXWBUHWXUQBORVVYVG Figure 9 Smith Chart of Input Return Loss Application Note 14 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Forward Gain, Wide Sweep 5 MHz - 8 GHz &+ 6 G% G% 0$* G% 5() G% G% *+] * + ] G% *+] *+] G% &$/ 2)6 G% &3/ ),/ N 602 G% 6 7 $5 7 0+] 'DWH 0$5 *+] 6723 *+] $1BSORWBIZBJDLQYVG Figure 10 Plot of Forward Gain Application Note 15 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Reverse Isolation 5 MHz - 8 GHz &+ 6 G% G% 0$* G% 5() G% G% *+] * + ] G% *+] *+] G% &$/ 2)6 G% &3/ ),/ N 602 G% 6 7 $5 7 0+] 'DWH 0$5 *+] 6723 *+] $1BSORWBUHYHUVHBLVRODWLRQYVG Figure 11 Plot of Reverse Isolation Application Note 16 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Output Return Loss, Log Mag 5 MHz - 8 GHz &+ 6 G% G% 0$* G% 5() G% G% *+] * + ] G% *+] *+] G% &$/ 2)6 G% &3/ ),/ N 602 G% 6 7 $5 7 0+] 'DWH 0$5 *+] 6723 *+] $1BSORWBRXWSXWBUHWXUQBORVVYVG Figure 12 Plot of Output Return Loss Application Note 17 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Output Return Loss, Smith Chart Reference Plane = Output SMA Connector on PC Board 5 MHz - 8 GHz &+ 6 8 M *+] M *+] &$/ 2)6 &3/ ),/ N 602 67$57 0+] 'DWH 0$5 6723 *+] $1BVPLWKBRXWSXWBUHWXUQBORVVYVG Figure 13 Smith Chart of Output Return Loss Application Note 18 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output Two Tone Test Input Stimulus for Amplifier Two-Tone Test: f1 = 2332 MHz, f2 = 2333 MHz, -10 dBm each tone. $1BSORWBWZRBWRQHBLQSXWYVG Figure 14 Tow-Tone Test, Input Stimulus Application Note 19 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21 Application Note No. 145 Low Cost, 3 V, 2.33 GHz Class A SDARS Active Antenna Amplifier Output LNA Response to Two Tone Test 3.0 V, 76 mA for LNA. Input IP3 = -10 + (65.5 / 2) = +22.8 dBm Output IP3 = +22.8 dBm + 9.8 dB gain = +32.6 dBm $1BSORWBWZRBWRQHBUHVSRQVHYVG Figure 15 Tow-Tone Test, LNA Response Application Note 20 Rev. 1.2, 2008-02-21