BF R38 0F Dri v er A m pl i fier fo r 434 M Hz I S MBan d A ppl i c ati ons Appl i c ati o n N ote A N 196 Revision: Rev1.1 2010-09-28 RF and P r otec ti on D evi c es Edition 2010-09-28 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany © 2010 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. Legal Disclaimer The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Application Note AN196 Revision History: 2010-09-28 Previous Revision: Rev1.0 Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) 6 Table 2 updated Trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG A-GOLD™, BlueMoon™, COMNEON™, CONVERGATE™, COSIC™, C166™, CROSSAVE™, CanPAK™, CIPOS™, CoolMOS™, CoolSET™, CONVERPATH™, CORECONTROL™, DAVE™, DUALFALC™, DUSLIC™, EasyPIM™, EconoBRIDGE™, EconoDUAL™, EconoPACK™, EconoPIM™, E-GOLD™, EiceDRIVER™, EUPEC™, ELIC™, EPIC™, FALC™, FCOS™, FLEXISLIC™, GEMINAX™, GOLDMOS™, HITFET™, HybridPACK™, INCA™, ISAC™, ISOFACE™, IsoPACK™, IWORX™, M-GOLD™, MIPAQ™, ModSTACK™, MUSLIC™, my-d™, NovalithIC™, OCTALFALC™, OCTAT™, OmniTune™, OmniVia™, OptiMOS™, OPTIVERSE™, ORIGA™, PROFET™, PRO-SIL™, PrimePACK™, QUADFALC™, RASIC™, ReverSave™, SatRIC™, SCEPTRE™, SCOUT™, S-GOLD™, SensoNor™, SEROCCO™, SICOFI™, SIEGET™, SINDRION™, SLIC™, SMARTi™, SmartLEWIS™, SMINT™, SOCRATES™, TEMPFET™, thinQ!™, TrueNTRY™, TriCore™, TRENCHSTOP™, VINAX™, VINETIC™, VIONTIC™, WildPass™, X-GOLD™, XMM™, X-PMU™, XPOSYS™, XWAY™. Other Trademarks AMBA™, ARM™, MULTI-ICE™, PRIMECELL™, REALVIEW™, THUMB™ of ARM Limited, UK. AUTOSAR™ is licensed by AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth™ of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq™ of DECT Forum. COLOSSUS™, FirstGPS™ of Trimble Navigation Ltd. EMV™ of EMVCo, LLC (Visa Holdings Inc.). EPCOS™ of Epcos AG. FLEXGO™ of Microsoft Corporation. FlexRay™ is licensed by FlexRay Consortium. HYPERTERMINAL™ of Hilgraeve Incorporated. IEC™ of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale. IrDA™ of Infrared Data Association Corporation. ISO™ of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB™ of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM™ of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MICROTEC™, NUCLEUS™ of Mentor Graphics Corporation. Mifare™ of NXP. MIPI™ of MIPI Alliance, Inc. MIPS™ of MIPS Technologies, Inc., USA. muRata™ of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO. OmniVision™ of OmniVision Technologies, Inc. Openwave™ Openwave Systems Inc. RED HAT™ Red Hat, Inc. RFMD™ RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS™ of Sirius Sattelite Radio Inc. SOLARIS™ of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SPANSION™ of Spansion LLC Ltd. Symbian™ of Symbian Software Limited. TAIYO YUDEN™ of Taiyo Yuden Co. TEAKLITE™ of CEVA, Inc. TEKTRONIX™ of Tektronix Inc. TOKO™ of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX™ of X/Open Company Limited. VERILOG™, PALLADIUM™ of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ™ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS™, WIND RIVER™ of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX™ of Diodes Zetex Limited. Last Trademarks Update 2009-10-19 Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 3 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications List of Content, Figures and Tables Table of Content 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................5 2 Typical Measurement Results.........................................................................................................10 3 Measured Graphs .............................................................................................................................11 4 Evaluation Board and layout Information......................................................................................15 Authors..............................................................................................................................................16 List of Figures Figure 1 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 BFR380F in TSFP-3 Package..............................................................................................................5 Applications for Home–Solutions (Home Comfort, Control and Security) ...........................................7 Schematic for Home Control application at 434 MHz application (operator side) ...............................8 Schematics of the application circuit ....................................................................................................9 Insertion power gain of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application ...............................................11 Input 1dB Compression point of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application .................................11 Input matching of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application ........................................................12 Output matching of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application .....................................................12 Reverse isolation of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application ....................................................13 Stability K-factor of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application .....................................................13 rd 3 order intercept point of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application ..........................................14 Photo Picture of Evaluation Board .....................................................................................................15 PCB Layer Information .......................................................................................................................15 List of Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Pin definition.........................................................................................................................................5 Infineon’s bipolar transistors for different driver applications ...............................................................6 Applications for Industrial-Solutions ( Industrial automation) ...............................................................7 Bill-of-Materials.....................................................................................................................................9 Summary of Measurement results (at room temperature) .................................................................10 Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 4 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Introduction 1 Introduction 1.1 Features • High linearity driver amplifier • Output 1dB compression point 16.4 dBm at 434 MHz • Pb-free (RoHS compliant) package • Qualified according to AEC Q101 Figure 1 1.2 BFR380F in TSFP-3 Package Applications The BFR380F from Infineon Technologies is a bipolar Transistor dedicated for high linearity applications. Packaged into a TSFP-3 Package, this transistor is easy-to-use for the designs. The pin configuration is shown in Table 1. Pin definition Table 1 Pin Pin name 1 2 3 B E C Comments Base of the BFR380F transistor Emitter of the BFR380F transistor Collector of the BFR380F transistor Additionally, Infineon offers a range of other transistors which can be used either as a driver or a second stage amplifier. Table 2 presents different bipolar transistors and their different applications as driver amplifiers. Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 5 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Introduction Table 2 Infineon’s bipolar transistors for different driver applications Application Frequency / MHz FM BFR380F 78 … 110 BFP450 BFP650 BFP750 X VHF 170 … 470 X UHF 470 … 880 X X ISM 434 / 868 X X GSM 900 X DECT 1900 X SDARS 2330 X X WiMax Low 2300 … 2700 X X WiMax Middle 3300 … 3700 5.8 GHz Cordless Phone 5800 X X X Thus, the BFR380F component fits to many applications related to signal reception/transmission like industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) applications. On those conditions of use, the transmission module needs high output power and moreover, high linearity in order to achieve the ISM standards requirements. 1.3 Using the BFR380F in Home- or Industrial Applications For example you can use the Infineon´s BFR380F as a Short Range Device (SRD). SRD´s are required for applications over short distances where low power transmission of informations is needed. Two large areas of application of SRD´s using IMD-Bands are the fields of Home-and Industrial-solutions for example. So there are many applications in those fields. You could have a look for some applications for Home-Solutions in Figure 1 and for Industrial-Solutions in Table 3. In summary, SRD´s are made specifially for wireless or radio applications with limited ranges. Often in such cases you have small data transmissions with confirming the relevant specification to supply low cost but effective solutions transferring the informations which are necessary. Normal standards like 802.11 or 802.15 and other specifications are ideal for many applications, but SRD´s are using proprietary radio designs which are without the overheads of the protocol stack. So if you work with SRD´s you don’t need to test the conformance in such a high level like Zigbee or Bluetooth. Correspondingly, developments with SRD´s may be a better solution of many applications of radio frequency. Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 6 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Introduction Figure 1 Table 3 - Applications for Home–Solutions (Home Comfort, Control and Security) Applications for Industrial-Solutions ( Industrial automation) manufacturing production processes oil and gas production electric power generation and distribution water and wastewater treatment This documentation presents the BFR380F performances in a driver configuration for 434 MHz applications (Figure 2). This structure can also be used for ISM-band 868 MHz applications. Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 7 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Introduction Figure 2 Schematic for Home Control application at 434 MHz application (operator side) This documentation presents BFR380F’s performance in a driver configuration for 434 MHz ISMBand applications (please refer to the Table 5 for results). The application circuit of the driver BFR380F for using the 434 MHz ISM-Band is defined on the Figure 3. The circuit provides a Gain of about 23.2 dB at 434 MHz. The output 1dB compression point is located at 16.4 dBm (using a power sweep from -30 dBm to 0 dBm at input). The measurements are made in reference to input and output of the amplifier (filter and cable losses substracted). The input and output are matched to 50 Ω and present an input return loss of about 10 dB and an output return loss of nearly 30 dB. The device BFR380F is unconditionally stable from DC to 10 GHz. Concerning the small signal linearity, the output 3rd order intercept point of the application reaches 21.7 dBm (using two tones spaced 1 MHz at 434 MHz). Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 8 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Introduction 2. Application Information 1.4 Schematics Figure 3 Table 4 Schematics of the application circuit Bill-of-Materials Symbol Value Unit Size C1 69 pF 0402 Various Input Matching/DC Block C2 100 nF 0402 Various RF signal to ground C3 100 nF 0402 Various RF signal to ground C4 6 nF 0402 Various Output Matching/ DC Block L1 6.2 nH 0402 Murata LQG series Input Matching/DC Block L2 12 nH 0402 Murata LQG series Output Matching/DC Block R1 5.1 kΩ 0402 Various Base current settings R2 2.2 Ω 0402 Various Stability Q BFR380F Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 TSFP-3 Manufacturer Comment Infineon Technologies SiGe C: bipolar transistor 9 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Typical Measurement Results 2 Typical Measurement Results Table 5 Summary of Measurement results (at room temperature) Vcc=3V, Ic=56mA, freq=434MHz Parameter Symbol Value Unit Frequency Range Freq 434 MHz DC Voltage Vcc 3 V DC Current Icc 56 mA Gain G 23.2 dB Input P1dB IP1dB 5.8 dBm Output P1dB OP1dB 16.4 dBm Input Return Loss RLin 9.5 dB Output Return Loss RLout 21.8 dB Reverse Isolation IRev 29 dB Input IP3 IIP3 1.5 dBm Output IP3 OIP3 21.7 dBm Noise Figure NF 3.3 dB Stability k >1.1 -- Comment/Test Condition Input Power sweep from Pin=-30…0 dBm Input Power Pin=-30 dBm Pin=-30 dBm, f1=433.5 MHz, f2=434.5 MHz Unconditionnally stable from 0 to 10 GHz Note: the measurements showed in Table 3 are including the PCB and SMA losses of 0.1dB. Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 10 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Measured Graphs 3 Measured Graphs Insertion Power Gain 30 434 MHz 23.21 dB 20 10 0 0 1000 2000 3000 Frequency (MHz) 4000 5000 Figure 4 Insertion power gain of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application Figure 5 Input 1dB Compression point of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 11 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Measured Graphs Input Matching 0 -5 434 MHz -9.771 dB -10 -15 100 Figure 6 600 1100 1600 2100 2600 3100 Frequency (MHz) 3600 4100 4600 5000 Input matching of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application Output Matching 0 -5 -10 -15 434 MHz -22.25 dB -20 -25 -30 0 Figure 7 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Frequency (MHz) 3500 4000 4500 5000 Output matching of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 12 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Measured Graphs Reverse Isolation 0 -10 -20 434 MHz -29.01 dB -30 -40 -50 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 Frequency (MHz) Figure 8 Reverse isolation of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application Figure 9 Stability K-factor of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 13 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Measured Graphs Figure 10 rd 3 order intercept point of the BFR380F driver for 434 MHz application Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 14 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Evaluation Board and layout Information 4 Evaluation Board and layout Information Figure 11 Photo Picture of Evaluation Board Figure 12 PCB Layer Information Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 15 / 17 2010-09-28 BFR380F Driver Amplifer for 434 MHz ISM-Band Applications Authors Authors André Dewai, RF Engineer of Business Unit “RF and Protection Devices” Dietmar Stolz, Staff engineer of Business Unit “RF and Protection Devices” Application Note AN196, Rev1.1 16 / 17 2010-09-28 w w w . i n f i n e o n . c o m Published by Infineon Technologies AG AN196