19-6158; Rev 0; 12/11 EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE MAX2691 L2 Band GPS Low-Noise Amplifier General Description The MAX2691 low-noise amplifier (LNA) is designed for GPS L2 applications. Designed in Maxim’s advanced SiGe process, the device achieves high gain and low noise figure while maximizing the input-referred 1dB compression point and the 3rd-order intercept point. The MAX2691 provides a high gain of 17.5dB and sub 1dB noise figure. The device operates from a +1.6V to +3.6V single supply. The optional shutdown feature in the device reduces the typical supply current to 4FA. The device is available in a very small, lead-free, RoHS-compliant, 0.86mm x 0.86mm x 0.65mm wafer-level package (WLP). Applications Precision Navigation Telematics (Asset Tracking and Management) Features SHigh-Power Gain: 17.5dB SLow-Noise Figure: 0.93dB SIntegrated 50Ω Output Matching Circuit SLow Supply Current: 4.3mA SWide Supply Voltage Range: 1.6V to 3.6V SLow Bill of Materials: One Inductor, Two Capacitors SSmall Footprint: 0.86mm x 0.86mm SThin Profile: 0.65mm S0.4mm-Pitch Wafer-Level Package (WLP) Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet. For related parts and recommended products to use with this part, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/MAX2691.related. Avionics Typical Application Circuit VCC VCC MAX2691 A1 A2 RFOUT RF OUTPUT C2 R1 25kI RF INPUT C1 L1 RFIN B1 B2 GND SHDN OPTIONAL SHUTDOWN MAX2691 L1 = 8.2nH C1 = 100nF C2 = 10pF ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. MAX2691 L2 Band GPS Low-Noise Amplifier ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND...........................................................-0.3V to +3.6V Other Pins to GND (except RFIN)....................-0.3V to (+ Operating VCC + 0.3V) Maximum Current into RF Input..........................................10mA Maximum RF Input Power................................................ +5dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 4-Bump WLP (derates 9.7mW/°C above +70°C).........776mW Operating Temperature Range........................... -40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s)......... Reflow Profile (Note 1) Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260°C Note 1: Refer to Application Note 1891: Wafer-Level Packaging (WLP) and Its Applications. CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2691 EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 3.6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, no RF signals are applied. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Supply Voltage MIN TYP MAX 1.6 2.85 3.6 4.3 SHDN = high Supply Current Digital Input Logic-High Shutdown mode, SHDN = low (Note 3) Digital Input Logic-Low (Note 3) 4.0 UNITS V mA 20 1.2 µA V 0.45 V AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2691 EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 3.6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1227MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER RF Frequency CONDITIONS MIN L2 band Power Gain (Note 4) TYP 1227 VCC = 2.85V 13.3 17.5 VCC = 1.6V 13.1 17.4 MAX UNITS MHz dB Noise Figure VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V 0.93 dB In-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept Point (Note 5) -3.0 dBm Input 1dB Compression Point (Note 6) -8.5 dBm 10.9 dB Input Return Loss ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 2 MAX2691 L2 Band GPS Low-Noise Amplifier AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (MAX2691 EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 3.6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1227MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN Output Return Loss Reverse Isolation TYP MAX UNITS 15.6 dB 45 dB Note 2: M in and max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +25°C and guaranteed by design and characterization at TA = -40°C and TA = +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Note 3: Min and max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +25°C. Note 4: Min limit guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 5: Measured with the two tones located at 1MHz and 2MHz offset from the center of the GPS band with -30dBm/tone. Note 6: Measured with a tone located at 5MHz offset from the center of the GPS band. Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2691 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1227MHz, unless otherwise noted.) GAIN vs. FREQUENCY -5 -10 15 -10 -20 -20 -25 -30 -30 |S12| (dB) 10 GAIN (dB) |S11| (dB) -15 REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY 0 MAX2691 toc02 MAX2691 toc01 20 5 0 -35 -45 1000 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2500 -50 -70 -80 -10 500 -40 -60 -5 -40 MAX2691 toc03 INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 0 -90 500 1000 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2500 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 FREQUENCY (MHz) ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 3 MAX2691 L2 Band GPS Low-Noise Amplifier Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2691 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1227MHz, unless otherwise noted.) 2 MAX2691 toc04 0 -5 1 TWO TONES LOCATED AT +1MHz AND +2MHz FROM 1227MHz. PIN = -30dBm/TONE TA = -40°C IIP3 (dBm) -15 -20 -3 -25 -4 500 1000 TA = +25°C 1500 2000 TA = +85°C 1.6 2500 2.1 2.6 3.1 FREQUENCY (MHz) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE 1dB GAIN DESENSE vs. BLOCKER FREQUENCY -8 TA = -40°C TA = +25°C -10 TA = +85°C -12 -14 3.6 MAX2691 toc07 5 MAX2691 toc06 -6 INPUT P1dB (dBm) -1 -2 0 BLOCKER POWER (dBm) |S22| (dB) 0 -10 MAX2691 toc05 INBAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY -5 -10 -15 -20 -16 1.6 2.1 2.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3.1 3.6 -25 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 BLOCKER FREQUENCY (MHz) ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 4 MAX2691 L2 Band GPS Low-Noise Amplifier Bump Configuration TOP VIEW + VCC A1 A2 RFOUT (SHDN) B2 GND MAX2691 RFIN B1 WLP Bump Description BUMP NAME A1 VCC FUNCTION A2 RFOUT (SHDN) B1 RFIN RF Input. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor and external matching components. B2 GND Ground. Connect to the PCB ground plane. Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 10pF capacitor as close as possible to the IC. RF Output/SHDN Input. RFOUT is internally matched to 50I and pulled up to VCC through a 1MI resistor. SHDN is shared with the RFOUT bump. The device is in active mode by default once VCC is applied. RFOUT(SHDN) can be pulled to a DC low through a 25kI resistor to shut down the IC. Detailed Description The MAX2691 LNA is designed for GPS L2 applications. The device features a power-shutdown control mode to eliminate the need for an external supply switch. The device achieves high gain, low noise figure, and excellent linearity. Input and Output Matching mode by default once VCC is applied, due to the on-chip pullup resistor to VCC at the RFOUT bump (shared with the SHDN input). To shut down the part, apply a logic-low to the RFOUT bump through an external resistor with an adequate value, e.g., 25kI, in order not to load the RF output signal during active operation. Applications Information The MAX2691 requires an off-chip input match. Only an inductor in series with a DC-blocking capacitor is needed to form the input matching circuit. The Typical Application Circuit shows the recommended input-matching network. These values are optimized for the best simultaneous gain, noise figure, and return loss performance. Reducing the input coupling capacitor results in a lower IIP3. The device integrates an on-chip output matching to 50I at the output, eliminating the need for external matching components. Table 1 lists typical device S parameters and Kf values. Typical noise parameters are shown in Table 2. A properly designed PCB is essential to any RF microwave circuit. Use controlled-impedance lines on all high-frequency inputs and outputs. Bypass VCC with decoupling capacitors located close to the device. For long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add decoupling capacitors. Locate these additional capacitors further away from the device package. Proper grounding of the GND pin is essential. If the PCB uses a topside RF ground, connect it directly to the GND pin. For a board where the ground is not on the component layer, connect the GND pin to the board with multiple vias close to the package. Shutdown Refer to www.maxim-ic.com for the MAX2691 EV kit schematic, Gerber data, PADS layout file, and BOM information. The MAX2691 includes an optional shutdown feature to turn off the entire chip. The device is placed in active ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 5 MAX2691 L2 Band GPS Low-Noise Amplifier Table 1. Typical S Parameter Values and K-Factor FREQ. (MHz) S11 MAG (dB) S11 PHASE (DEGREES) S21 MAG (dB) S21 S12 S12 MAG PHASE PHASE (dB) (DEGREES) (DEGREES) S22 MAG (dB) S22 PHASE (DEGREES) Kf 700 -2.1 -78.1 3.5 -175.7 -54.0 113.3 -1.3 -124.9 16.75126 800 -2.5 -87.1 6.0 175.7 900 -2.8 -96.2 8.8 163.0 -47.7 112.0 -1.6 -143.3 8.847551 -55.5 85.4 -2.4 -162.8 1000 -3.1 -104.3 11.7 22.33037 146.2 -53.8 54.0 -3.9 175.0 1100 -3.4 -112.3 19.54059 14.4 119.2 -46.3 33.8 -8.3 149.5 1200 -3.7 9.366309 -119.4 16.0 83.5 -46.9 15.3 -19.1 -126.9 9.788318 1220 1240 -3.7 -120.7 16.1 75.6 -47.6 -1.0 -14.2 -114.7 10.25069 -3.7 -122.4 16.0 67.9 -49.4 20.3 -10.9 -114.4 12.09861 1260 -3.8 -123.7 15.9 60.1 -49.7 14.9 -8.7 -118.5 12.1323 1280 -3.8 -125.0 15.6 52.8 -47.3 -6.0 -6.9 -124.3 8.793041 1300 -3.8 -126.6 15.2 46.0 -43.5 19.6 -5.7 -130.2 5.277003 1400 -4.0 -133.5 13.4 18.4 -44.9 -22.8 -2.6 -157.6 4.94144 1500 -4.1 -140.3 11.3 -0.5 -48.5 -21.4 -1.6 -179.3 6.656188 1600 -4.1 -147.6 9.4 -15.6 -47.7 -23.6 -1.3 163.8 5.983826 1700 -4.1 -154.6 7.8 -28.5 -44.8 -16.5 -1.0 148.8 4.18904 Table 2. Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25NC) FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN (dB) 0.66 |GOPT| 0.45 |GOPT| ANGLE 47 RN (I) 8.37 1200 1210 1220 0.66 0.45 48 8.35 0.66 0.45 48 8.33 1230 0.66 0.45 48 8.30 1240 0.66 0.45 49 8.28 1250 0.66 0.45 49 8.26 1260 0.66 0.45 50 8.24 1270 0.67 0.45 50 8.22 1280 0.67 0.44 50 8.20 1290 0.67 0.44 51 8.18 1300 0.67 0.44 51 8.17 Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX2691EWS+T -40NC to +85NC 4 WLP +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape and reel. Chip Information PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 4 WLP W40A0+1 21-0480 Refer to Application Note 1891 ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 6 MAX2691 L2 Band GPS Low-Noise Amplifier Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 12/11 DESCRIPTION Initial release PAGES CHANGED — Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2011 Maxim Integrated Products 7 Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.