EST Series, +105ºC

Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors
EST Series, +105ºC
Overview
Applications
KEMET's EST Series of single-ended aluminum electrolytic
capacitors are designed for low impedance and long life (up to
10,000 hours) applications.
Typical applications include SMPS, power supplies, adaptors,
chargers, monitors and computers.
Benefits
•
•
•
•
•
Long life, up to 10,000 hours
Low impedance
Operating temperature of up to +105°C
Case with Ø D ≥ 6.3 mm
Safety vent on the capacitor base
Part Number System
EST
157
M
6R3
A
C3
AA
Series
Capacitance Code (pF)
Tolerance
Rated Voltage (VDC)
Electrical Parameters
Size Code
Packaging
Single-Ended
Aluminum
Electrolytic
Digits 4 – 5 represent the first
two digits of the capacitance
value. The final digit indicates
the number of zeros to be
added.
M = ±20%
6R3 = 6.3
010 = 10
016 = 16
025 = 25
035 = 35
050 = 50
063 = 63
A = Standard
See Dimension
Table
See Ordering
Options Table
One world. One KEMET
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
1
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Ordering Options Table
Diameter
Packaging Type
Lead Type
Lead Length
(mm)
Lead and
Packaging Code
Standard Bulk Packaging Options
4 – 22
Bulk (bag)
Straight
20/15 Minimum
AA
Standard Auto-Insertion Packaging Options
4–5
6.3
8
10 – 13
16
Tape & Reel
Formed to 2.5 mm
H0 = 16.5 ±0.75
LA
Tape & Reel
2.5 mm Lead Spacing
H0 = 18.5 ±0.75
KA
Tape & Reel
Formed to 5 mm
H0 = 16.5 ±0.75
JA
Ammo
5 mm Lead Spacing
H0 = 18.5 ±0.75
EA
Ammo
7.5 mm Lead Spacing
H0 = 18.5 ±0.75
EA
Other Packaging Options
4–8
4–8
4–5
4 – 6.3
4 – 5, 8 – 16
Ammo
Formed to 5 mm
H0 = 16.5 ±0.75
DA
Ammo
Straight
H0 = 18.5 ±0.75
EA
Ammo
Formed to 2.5 mm
H0 = 16.5 ±0.75
FA
Tape & Reel
Formed to 5 mm
H0 = 16.5 ±0.75
JA
Tape & Reel
Straight
H0 = 18.5 ±0.75
KA
Contact KEMET for other Lead and Packaging options
Environmental Compliance
As an environmentally conscious company, KEMET is working continuously with improvements concerning the environmental effects
of both our capacitors and their production. In Europe (RoHS Directive) and in some other geographical areas like China, legislation
has been put in place to prevent the use of some hazardous materials, such as lead (Pb), in electronic equipment. All products in this
catalog are produced to help our customers’ obligations to guarantee their products and fulfill these legislative requirements. The only
material of concern in our products has been lead (Pb), which has been removed from all designs to fulfill the requirement of containing
less than 0.1% of lead in any homogeneous material. KEMET will closely follow any changes in legislation world wide and makes any
necessary changes in its products, whenever needed.
Some customer segments such as medical, military and automotive electronics may still require the use of lead in electrode coatings.
To clarify the situation and distinguish products from each other, a special symbol is used on the packaging labels for RoHS compatible
capacitors.
Because of customer requirements, there may appear additional markings such as LF = Lead Free or LFW = Lead Free Wires on the
label.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
2
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Dimensions – Millimeters
Safety vent
L
LL+
D
LLInsulated Sleeve
P
Polarity Stripe
d
Size Code
D
L
p
d
LL+/LL-
Nominal
Tolerance
Nominal
Tolerance
Nominal
Tolerance
Nominal
Tolerance
Nominal
Tolerance
C3
E3
G3
G4
G6
H1
H2
H4
H5
H6
L3
L4
L8
L6
L7
M7
5
6.3
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
13
13
13
13
13
16
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
11
11
11
15
20
12
15
20
25
30
20
25
30
36
40
25
+1.5/-0
+1.5/-0
+1.5/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+1.5/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
2
2.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
7.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
M2
M3
M4
N1
N2
N3
16
16
16
18
18
18
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
32
36
40
32
36
40
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
+2.0/-0
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
±0.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
20/15
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
3
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Performance Characteristics
Item
Performance Characteristics
Capacitance Range
Capacitance Tolerance
Rated Voltage
Life Test
Operating Temperature
Leakage Current
10 – 15,000 µF
±20% at 120 Hz / 20°C
6.3 – 63 VDC
4,000 – 10,000 hours (see conditions in Test Method & Performance)
-40°C to +105°C
I ≤ 0.01 CV or 3 µA, whichever is greater
C = rated capacitance (µF), V = rated voltage (VDC). Voltage applied for 2 minutes at 20°C.
Compensation Factor of Ripple Current (RC) vs. Frequency
Capacitance Range (µF)
120 Hz
1 kHz
10 kHz
100 kHz
6.8 – 180
0.40
0.75
0.90
1.00
220 – 560
0.50
0.85
0.94
1.00
680 – 1,800
0.60
0.87
0.95
1.00
2,200 – 3,900
0.75
0.90
0.95
1.00
≥ 4,700
0.85
0.95
0.98
1.00
Test Method & Performance
Conditions
Load Life Test
Shelf Life Test
105°C
105°C
Temperature
Test Duration
Ripple Current
Voltage
Performance
Capacitance Change
Dissipation Factor
Leakage Current
Can Ø ≤ 6.3 mm
V ≤ 10 VDC
4,000 hours
Can Ø ≤ 6.3 mm
V ≤ 16 VDC
5,000 hours
8.0 ≤ Can Ø ≥ 10.0 mm
V ≤ 10 VDC
6,000 hours
8.0 ≤ Can Ø ≥ 10.0 mm
V ≤ 16 VDC
7,000 hours
Can Ø ≥ 12.5 mm
V ≤ 10 VDC
8,000 hours
Can Ø ≥ 12.5 mm
V ≤ 16 VDC
10,000 hours
1,000 hours
Maximum ripple current specified at 100 kHz 105°C
No ripple current applied
The sum of DC voltage and the peak AC voltage must not exceed the rated
voltage of the capacitor
No voltage applied
The following specifications will be satisfied when the capacitor is restored to 20°C:
Within ±25% of the initial value
Does not exceed 200% of the specified value
Does not exceed specified value
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
4
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference
VDC
VDC Surge
Voltage
Rated
Capacitance
120 Hz 20°C
(µF)
Case Size
D x L (mm)
DF
120 Hz 20°C
(tan δ %)*
RC
100 kHz
105°C (mA)
ESR
100 kHz
20°C (Ω)
Part Number
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
25
25
25
25
25
25
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
32
32
32
32
32
32
150
330
680
820
1000
1500
1500
2200
2700
3300
3900
4700
5600
6800
6800
8200
10000
12000
15000
100
220
470
680
1000
1500
220
270
330
390
4700
4700
5600
6800
8200
1000
56
100
220
330
470
680
1000
4700
2200
2700
3300
3900
4700
5600
5600
6800
47
100
150
220
330
470
5x11
6.3x11
8x11
8x15
10x12
8x20
10x15
10x20
10x25
13x20
13x25
13x30
13x36
13x40
16x25
16x32
16x36
18x32
18x36
5x11
6.3x11
8x11
8x15
10x15
10x20
10x25
13x20
13x25
13x30
13x36
13x40
16x25
16x32
16x36
18x36
5x11
6.3x11
8x11
8x15
8x15
10x15
10x20
10x25
13x25
13x30
13x36
13x40
16x32
16x36
18x32
18x36
5x11
6.3x11
8x11
8x11
8x15
10x15
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
14
14
14
14
14
14
210
340
640
840
865
1050
1210
1400
1650
1900
2230
2650
2880
3350
2930
3450
3610
4170
4220
210
340
640
840
1210
1400
1650
1900
2230
2650
2880
3350
2930
3450
3610
4220
210
340
640
701
840
1210
1400
1650
2230
2650
2880
3350
3450
3610
4170
4220
210
340
640
640
840
1210
0.72
0.38
0.2
0.16
0.12
0.11
0.084
0.062
0.052
0.046
0.034
0.03
0.027
0.024
0.028
0.025
0.018
0.015
0.014
0.72
0.38
0.2
0.16
0.084
0.062
0.052
0.046
0.034
0.03
0.027
0.024
0.028
0.025
0.018
0.014
0.72
0.38
0.2
0.16
0.16
0.084
0.062
0.052
0.034
0.03
0.027
0.024
0.028
0.018
0.015
0.014
0.72
0.38
0.2
0.2
0.16
0.084
EST157M6R3AC3(1)
EST337M6R3AE3(1)
EST687M6R3AG3(1)
EST827M6R3AG4(1)
EST108M6R3AH1(1)
EST158M6R3AG6(1)
EST158M6R3AH2(1)
EST228M6R3AH4(1)
EST278M6R3AH5(1)
EST338M6R3AL3(1)
EST398M6R3AL4(1)
EST478M6R3AL8(1)
EST568M6R3AL6(1)
EST688M6R3AL7(1)
EST688M6R3AM7(1)
EST828M6R3AM2(1)
EST109M6R3AM3(1)
EST129M6R3AN1(1)
EST159M6R3AN2(1)
EST107M010AC3(1)
EST227M010AE3(1)
EST477M010AG3(1)
EST687M010AG4(1)
EST108M010AH2(1)
EST158M010AH4(1)
EST227M010AH5(1)
EST277M010AL3(1)
EST337M010AL4(1)
EST397M010AL8(1)
EST478M010AL6(1)
EST478M010AL7(1)
EST568M010AM7(1)
EST688M010AM2(1)
EST828M010AM3(1)
EST108M010AN2(1)
EST566M016AC3(1)
EST107M016AE3(1)
EST227M016AG3(1)
EST337M016AG4(1)
EST477M016AG4(1)
EST687M016AH2(1)
EST108M016AH4(1)
EST478M016AH5(1)
EST228M016AL4(1)
EST278M016AL8(1)
EST338M016AL6(1)
EST398M016AL7(1)
EST478M016AM2(1)
EST568M016AM3(1)
EST568M016AN1(1)
EST688M016AN2(1)
EST476M025AC3(1)
EST107M025AE3(1)
EST157M025AG3(1)
EST227M025AG3(1)
EST337M025AG4(1)
EST477M025AH2(1)
VDC
VDC Surge
Rated
Capacitance
Case Size
DF
RC
LC
Part Number
(1) Insert packaging code. See Ordering Options Table for available options.
* When capacitance exceeds 1,000 µF, the DF value (%) is increased by 2% for every additional 1,000 µF.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
5
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference cont'd
VDC
VDC Surge
Voltage
Rated
Capacitance
120 Hz 20°C
(µF)
Case Size
D x L (mm)
DF
120 Hz 20°C
(tan δ %)*
RC
100 kHz
105°C (mA)
ESR
100 kHz
20°C (Ω)
Part Number
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
680
680
1000
150
220
2700
3300
3900
4700
33
47
150
220
330
470
680
680
820
1000
1200
1500
1800
2200
2700
3300
10
22
33
47
100
120
150
220
330
470
470
560
680
820
1000
1200
1500
1800
2200
2700
10
33
56
270
180
220
270
270
330
470
560
680
10x20
10x25
13x20
13x25
13x25
16x25
16x32
18x32
18x36
5x11
6.3x11
8x11
8x15
10x20
10x25
10x30
13x20
13x25
13x25
13x30
13x36
13x40
16x32
16x36
18x36
5x11
5x11
6.3x11
6.3x11
8x11
8x15
8x20
10x15
10x20
10x30
13x20
13x25
13x30
13x36
16x25
16x32
16x36
18x32
18x36
18x40
5x11
6.3x11
8x11
10x15
10x20
10x25
10x30
13x20
13x25
13x30
13x36
13x40
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
1400
1650
1900
2230
2880
2930
3450
4170
4280
210
340
640
840
1400
1650
1910
1900
2230
2230
2650
2880
3350
3450
3610
4220
120
210
340
340
555
730
910
1050
1400
1690
1660
1950
2310
2510
2555
3010
3150
3635
3680
3800
55
115
232
357
466
531
663
690
784
905
1050
1180
0.062
0.052
0.046
0.034
0.027
0.028
0.025
0.015
0.014
0.72
0.38
0.2
0.16
0.062
0.052
0.044
0.046
0.034
0.034
0.03
0.027
0.024
0.025
0.018
0.014
3.5
2.3
1.2
1.2
0.63
0.45
0.33
0.31
0.21
0.15
0.16
0.12
0.1
0.083
0.073
0.054
0.045
0.047
0.04
0.036
2.3
1.2
0.63
0.31
0.21
0.2
0.15
0.16
0.12
0.1
0.083
0.071
EST687M025AH4(1)
EST687M025AH5(1)
EST108M025AL3(1)
EST157M025AL4(1)
EST227M025AL4(1)
EST278M025AM7(1)
EST338M025AM2(1)
EST398M025AN1(1)
EST478M025AN2(1)
EST336M035AC3(1)
EST476M035AE3(1)
EST157M035AG3(1)
EST227M035AG4(1)
EST337M035AH4(1)
EST477M035AH5(1)
EST687M035AH6(1)
EST687M035AL3(1)
EST827M035AL4(1)
EST108M035AL4(1)
EST128M035AL8(1)
EST158M035AL6(1)
EST188M035AL7(1)
EST228M035AM2(1)
EST278M035AM3(1)
EST338M035AN2(1)
EST106M050AC3(1)
EST226M050AC3(1)
EST336M050AE3(1)
EST476M050AE3(1)
EST107M050AG3(1)
EST127M050AG4(1)
EST157M050AG6(1)
EST227M050AH2(1)
EST337M050AH4(1)
EST477M050AH6(1)
EST477M050AL3(1)
EST567M050AL4(1)
EST687M050AL8(1)
EST827M050AL6(1)
EST108M050AM7(1)
EST128M050AM2(1)
EST158M050AM3(1)
EST188M050AN1(1)
EST228M050AN2(1)
EST278M050AN3(1)
EST106M063AC3(1)
EST336M063AE3(1)
EST566M063AG3(1)
EST277M063AH2(1)
EST187M063AH4(1)
EST227M063AH5(1)
EST277M063AH6(1)
EST277M063AL3(1)
EST337M063AL4(1)
EST477M063AL8(1)
EST567M063AL6(1)
EST687M063AL7(1)
VDC
VDC Surge
Rated
Capacitance
Case Size
DF
RC
LC
Part Number
(1) Insert packaging code. See Ordering Options Table for available options.
* When capacitance exceeds 1,000 µF, the DF value (%) is increased by 2% for every additional 1,000 µF.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
6
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Table 1 – Ratings & Part Number Reference cont'd
VDC
VDC Surge
Voltage
Rated
Capacitance
120 Hz 20°C
(µF)
Case Size
D x L (mm)
DF
120 Hz 20°C
(tan δ %)*
RC
100 kHz
105°C (mA)
ESR
100 kHz
20°C (Ω)
Part Number
63
63
63
79
79
79
820
1000
1200
16x32
16x36
16x40
9
9
9
1570
1790
2020
0.054
0.045
0.04
EST827M063AM2(1)
EST108M063AM3(1)
EST128M063AM4(1)
VDC
VDC Surge
Rated
Capacitance
Case Size
DF
RC
LC
Part Number
(1) Insert packaging code. See Ordering Options Table for available options.
* When capacitance exceeds 1,000 µF, the DF value (%) is increased by 2% for every additional 1,000 µF.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
7
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Mounting Positions (Safety Vent)
In operation, electrolytic capacitors will always conduct a leakage current which causes electrolysis. The oxygen produced by
electrolysis will regenerate the dielectric layer but, at the same time, the hydrogen released may cause the internal pressure of the
capacitor to increase. The overpressure vent (safety vent) ensures that the gas can escape when the pressure reaches a certain value.
All mounting positions must allow the safety vent to work properly.
Installing
• A general principle is that lower-use temperatures result in a longer, useful life of the capacitor. For this reason, it should be
ensured that electrolytic capacitors are placed away from heat-emitting components. Adequate space should be allowed between
components for cooling air to circulate, particularly when high ripple current loads are applied. In any case, the maximum category
temperature must not be exceeded.
• Do not deform the case of capacitors or use capacitors with a deformed case.
• Verify that the connections of the capacitors are able to insert on the board without excessive mechanical force.
• If the capacitors require mounting through additional means, the recommended mounting accessories shall be used.
• Verify the correct polarization of the capacitor on the board.
• Verify that the space around the pressure relief device is according to the following guideline:
Case Diameter
Space Around Safety Vent
≤ 16 mm
> 16 mm to ≤ 40 mm
> 40 mm
> 2 mm
> 3 mm
> 5 mm
It is recommended that capacitors always be mounted with the safety device uppermost or in the upper part of the capacitor.
• If the capacitors are stored for a long time, the leakage current must be verified. If the leakage current is superior to the value listed in
this catalog, the capacitors must be reformed. In this case, they can be reformed by application of the rated voltage through a series
resistor approximately 1 kΩ for capacitors with VR ≤ 160 V (5 W resistor) and 10 kΩ for the other rated voltages.
• In the case of capacitors connected in series, a suitable voltage sharing must be used.
In the case of balancing resistors, the approximate resistance value can be calculated as: R = 60/C
KEMET recommends, nevertheless, to ensure that the voltage across each capacitor does not exceed its rated voltage.
Application and Operation Guidelines
Electrical Ratings:
Capacitance (ESC)
Capacitance is measured by applying an alternate voltage of ≤ 0.5 V at a frequency of 120 or 100 Hz and 20°C.
Temperature Dependence of the Capacitance
Capacitance of an electrolytic capacitor depends upon temperature: with decreasing temperature the viscosity of the electrolyte
increases, thereby reducing its conductivity.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
8
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Capacitance will decrease if temperature decreases. Furthermore, temperature drifts cause armature dilatation and, therefore,
capacitance changes (up to 20% depending on the series considered, from 0 to 80°C). This phenomenon is more evident for
electrolytic capacitors than for other types.
Frequency Dependence of the Capacitance
Effective capacitance value is derived from the impedance curve, as long as impedance is still in the range where the capacitance
component is dominant.
C=
1
2π fZ
C = Capacitance (F)
f = Frequency (Hz)
Z = Impedance (Ω)
Dissipation Factor tan δ (DF)
Dissipation Factor tan δ is the ratio between the active and reactive power for a sinusoidal waveform voltage. It can be thought of as a
measurement of the gap between an actual and ideal capacitor.
reactive
δ
ideal
actual
active
Tan δ is measured with the same set-up used for the series capacitance ESC.
tan δ = ω x ESC x ESR where:
ESC = Equivalent Series Capacitance
ESR = Equivalent Series Resistance
Equivalent Series Inductance (ESL)
Self inductance or Equivalent Series Inductance results from the terminal configuration and internal design of the capacitor.
Capacitor Equivalent Internal Circuit
Equivalent
Series
Capacitance
(ESC)
Equivalent
Series
Resistance
(ESR)
Equivalent
Series
Inductance
(ESL)
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
9
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Co
L
Re
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)
Equivalent Series Resistance is the resistive component of the equivalent series circuit. ESR value depends on frequency and
temperature and is related to the tan δ by the following equation:
Ce
ESR =
tan δ
2πf ESC
ESR = Equivalent Series Resistance (Ω)
tan δ = Dissipation Factor
ESC = Equivalent Series Capacitance (F)
f = Frequency (Hz)
Tolerance limits of the rated capacitance must be taken into account when calculating this value.
Impedance (Z)
L
Re
Co
Impedance of an electrolytic capacitor results from a circuit formed by the following individual equivalent series components:
Co
Re
L
Ce
Ce
Co = Aluminum oxide capacitance (surface and thickness of the dielectric)
Re = Resistance of electrolyte and paper mixture (other resistances not depending on the frequency are not considered: tabs, plates,
etc.)
Ce = Electrolyte soaked paper capacitance
L = Inductive reactance of the capacitor winding and terminals
Impedance of an electrolytic capacitor is not a constant quantity that retains its value under all conditions; it changes depending on
frequency and temperature.
Impedance as a function of frequency (sinusoidal waveform) for a certain temperature can be represented as follows:
Z [ohm]
1000
100
1/ω
ω Ce
10
B
Re
1
0.1
ωL
A
1/ω
ω Co
0.1
1
10
C
100
1000
10000
F [KHz]
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
10
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
• Capacitive reactance predominates at low frequencies
• With increasing frequency, capacitive reactance Xc = 1/ωCo decreases until it reaches the order of magnitude of electrolyte
resistance Re(A)
• At even higher frequencies, resistance of the electrolyte predominates: Z = Re (A - B)
• When the capacitor’s resonance frequency is reached (ω0), capacitive and inductive reactance mutually cancel each other
1/ωCe = ωL, ω0 = C√1/LCe
• Above this frequency, inductive reactance of the winding and its terminals (XL = Z = ωL) becomes effective and leads to an increase
in impedance
Generally speaking, it can be estimated that Ce ≈ 0.01 Co.
Impedance as a function of frequency (sinusoidal waveform) for different temperature values can be represented as follows (typical
values):
Z (oh m )
10 µF
1000
100
-4 0°C
10
2 0°C
8 5°C
1
0.1
0.1
1
10
100
1000
1 0 0 00
F (K HElectrolyte
z)
Re is the most temperature-dependent component of an electrolytic capacitor equivalent circuit.
resistivity will decrease if
temperature rises.
In order to obtain a low impedance value throughout the temperature range, Re must be as little as possible. However, Re values
that are too low indicate a very aggressive electrolyte, resulting in a shorter life of the electrolytic capacitor at high temperatures. A
compromise must be reached.
Leakage Current (LC)
Due to the aluminum oxide layer that serves as a dielectric, a small current will continue to flow even after a DC voltage has been
applied for long periods. This current is called leakage current.
A high leakage current flows after applying voltage to the capacitor then decreases in a few minutes, e.g., after prolonged storage
without any applied voltage. In the course of continuous operation, the leakage current will decrease and reach an almost constant
value.
After a voltage-free storage the oxide layer may deteriorate, especially at high temperature. Since there are no leakage currents to
transport oxygen ions to the anode, the oxide layer is not regenerated. The result is that a higher than normal leakage current will flow
when voltage is applied after prolonged storage.
As the oxide layer is regenerated in use, the leakage current will gradually decrease to its normal level.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
11
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
The relationship between the leakage current and voltage applied at constant temperature can be shown schematically as follows:
I
VR
VS
VF
V
Where:
VF = Forming voltage
If this level is exceeded, a large quantity of heat and gas will be generated and the capacitor could be damaged.
VR = Rated voltage
This level represents the top of the linear part of the curve.
VS = Surge voltage
This lies between VR and VF. The capacitor can be subjected to VS for short periods only.
Electrolytic capacitors are subjected to a reforming process before acceptance testing. The purpose of this preconditioning is to ensure
that the same initial conditions are maintained when comparing different products.
Ripple Current (RC)
The maximum ripple current value depends on:
• Ambient temperature
• Surface area of the capacitor (heat dissipation area)
tan δ or ESR
• Frequency
The capacitor’s life depends on the thermal stress.
Frequency Dependence of the Ripple Current
ESR and, thus, the tan δ depend on the frequency of the applied voltage. This indicates that the allowed ripple current is also a function
of the frequency.
Temperature Dependence of the Ripple Current
The data sheet specifies maximum ripple current at the upper category temperature for each capacitor.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
12
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Expected Life Calculation
Expected life depends on operating temperature according to the following formula: L = Lo x 2 (To-T)/10
Where:
L:
Expected life
Lo:
Load life at maximum permissible operating temperature
T:
Actual operating temperature
To:
Maximum permissible operating temperature
This formula is applicable between 40°C and To.
Packaging Quantities
Size
Code
Diameter
(mm)
Length
(mm)
Bulk
Standard
Leads
Cut Leads
Ammo
Tape & Reel
C3
5
6.3
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
13
13
13
13
13
16
16
11
11
11
15
20
12
15
20
25
30
20
25
30
36
40
25
32
10000
10000
6000
5000
4000
4000
3000
2400
2400
2000
2000
1600
1200
1000
1000
1000
800
15000
15000
8000
5000
4000
4000
4000
3000
2400
2000
2000
1600
2400
1200
500
500
500
2000
2000
1000
1000
1000
700
700
700
500
500
500
500
1300
1100
750
750
750
600
600
600
16
16
18
18
18
36
40
32
36
40
600
600
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
E3
G3
G4
G6
H1
H2
H4
H5
H6
L3
L4
L8
L6
L7
M7
M2
M3
M4
N1
N2
N3
Auto-insertion
400
500
300
Standard Marking for Surface Mount Types
• KEMET logo
•Series
• Operating temperature (°C)
• Rated voltage (VDC)
• Rated capacitance (µF)
• Negative polarity
• Date code
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
13
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Taping for Automatic Insertion Machines
Formed to 5 mm
(Lead and packaging code JA and DA)
+1.0
-1.0
P
D
L
P0
1.0 Maximum
Tolerance
+0.5
4
Formed to 2.5 mm
5
4
5
Formed to 5 mm
6
8
4
5
6
Straight leads
8
10
12
13
16
18
L
p
L
d
P0
P1
1.0 Maximum
P2
t
W0
P0
D0
M ounting tape
Adhesive tape
P
p
H
W
W0
t
I
d
+1.0
-1.0
W1
W1
D
P1
W2
p
W
Dimensions
(mm)
P
L
H
P0
P2
D
D
P1
D0
M ounting tape
Adhesive tape
d
Straight Leads (Diameter > 8)
Lead and packaging code EA and KA
+1.0
-1.0
P
t
W0
D0
M ounting tape
Adhesive tape
Straight Leads (Diameter: 4 – 8 mm)
Lead and packaging code EA and KA
P2
H
W2
d
1.0 Maximum
p
W
W
P0
P1
t
W0
W1
1.0 Maximum
H
L
W1
p
H0
P1
+1.0
-1.0
P
H0
D
P2
W2
P2
W2
Formed to 2.5 mm
(Lead and packaging code LA and FA)
W
W0
D0
M ounting tape
Adhesive tape
d
W1
W2
H0
H1
I
D0
t
+0.8/-0.2 ±0.05 ±1 .0 ±0 .3 ±0 .7 ±1 .3 +1/-0.5 ±0.5 Maximum Maximum ±0.75 ±0.5 Maximum ±0.2 ±0.2
5-7
≤7
>7
5-7
≤7
>7
≤7
>7
≤7
>7
5-7
≤7
>7
≤7
>7
≤7
>7
12-25
15-25
2.5
2.5
2.5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
1.5
2
2
2.5
2.5
3.5
3.5
5
5
5
5
7.5
7.5
0.45
0.45
0.5
0.45
0.45
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.45
0.45
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
15
15
15
30
30
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7
15
15
15
30
30
5.1
5.1
5.1
3.85
3.85
3.85
3.85
3.85
3.85
3.85
5.6
5.35
5.35
5.1
5.1
4.6
4.6
3.85
3.85
3.85
3.85
3.75
3.75
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
1
1
1
1
1
1
14
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Lead Taping & Packaging
Ammo Box
Reel
D
H
T
Case Size (mm)
4
5x5–7
6.3 x 5 – 7
8x5–9
5 x 11
6.3 x 11
8 x 11
8 x 14 – 20
10 x 12
10 x 15 – 19
10 x 22 – 25
12
13
16
H
W
W
H
230
230
275
235
230
270
235
240
250
256
250
270
285
265
Ammo
W
Maximum
Maximum
±2
D
Reel
H
±0.5
+1/-0.1
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
340
42
42
42
45
48
48
48
57
52
57
60
57
62
62
350
30
50
T
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
W
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
15
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Construction
The manufacturing process begins with the anode foil being
electrochemically etched to increase the surface area and then
“formed” to produce the aluminum oxide layer. Both the anode and
cathode foils are then interleaved with absorbent paper and wound
into a cylinder. During the winding process, aluminum tabs are
attached to each foil to provide the electrical contact.
Extended cathode
Anode foil
The deck, complete with terminals, is attached to the tabs and then
folded down to rest on top of the winding. The complete winding
is impregnated with electrolyte before being housed in a suitable
container, usually an aluminum can, and sealed. Throughout the
process, all materials inside the housing must be maintained at the
highest purity and be compatible with the electrolyte.
Each capacitor is aged and tested before being sleeved and
packed. The purpose of aging is to repair any damage in the oxide
layer and thus reduce the leakage current to a very low level. Aging
is normally carried out at the rated temperature of the capacitor and
is accomplished by applying voltage to the device while carefully
controlling the supply current. The process may take several hours
to complete.
Damage to the oxide layer can occur due to variety of reasons:
• Slitting of the anode foil after forming
• Attaching the tabs to the anode foil
• Minor mechanical damage caused during winding
A sample from each batch is taken by the quality department after
completion of the production process.
The following tests are applied and may be varied at the request
of the customer. In this case the batch, or special procedure, will
determine the course of action.
Electrical:
• Leakage current
• Capacitance
• ESR
• Impedance
• Tan Delta
Mechanical/Visual:
• Overall dimensions
• Torque test of mounting stud
• Print detail
• Box labels
• Packaging, including packed
quantity
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
Foil tabs
Tissues
Cathode foil
Etching
Forming
Winding
Decking
Impregnation
Assembly
Aging
Testing
Sleeving
Packing
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
16
Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
KEMET Corporation
World Headquarters
Europe
Asia
Southern Europe
Paris, France
Tel: 33-1-4646-1006
Northeast Asia
Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2305-1168
Mailing Address:
P.O. Box 5928
Greenville, SC 29606
Sasso Marconi, Italy
Tel: 39-051-939111
Shenzhen, China
Tel: 86-755-2518-1306
www.kemet.com
Tel: 864-963-6300
Fax: 864-963-6521
Central Europe
Landsberg, Germany
Tel: 49-8191-3350800
Corporate Offices
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Tel: 954-766-2800
Kamen, Germany
Tel: 49-2307-438110
North America
Northern Europe
Bishop’s Stortford, United Kingdom
Tel: 44-1279-460122
2835 KEMET Way
Simpsonville, SC 29681
Southeast
Lake Mary, FL
Tel: 407-855-8886
Espoo, Finland
Tel: 358-9-5406-5000
Northeast
Wilmington, MA
Tel: 978-658-1663
Beijing, China
Tel: 86-10-5829-1711
Shanghai, China
Tel: 86-21-6447-0707
Taipei, Taiwan
Tel: 886-2-27528585
Southeast Asia
Singapore
Tel: 65-6586-1900
Penang, Malaysia
Tel: 60-4-6430200
Bangalore, India
Tel: 91-806-53-76817
Central
Novi, MI
Tel: 248-306-9353
West
Milpitas, CA
Tel: 408-433-9950
Mexico
Guadalajara, Jalisco
Tel: 52-33-3123-2141
Note: KEMET reserves the right to modify minor details of internal and external construction at any time in the interest of product improvement. KEMET does not
assume any responsibility for infringement that might result from the use of KEMET Capacitors in potential circuit designs. KEMET is a registered trademark of
KEMET Electronics Corporation.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
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Single-Ended Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors – EST Series, +105ºC
Disclaimer
Allproductspecifications,statements,informationanddata(collectively,the“Information”)inthisdatasheetaresubjecttochange.Thecustomerisresponsibleforcheckingand
verifying the extent to which the Information contained in this publication is applicable to an order at the time the order is placed.
All Information given herein is believed to be accurate and reliable, but it is presented without guarantee, warranty, or responsibility of any kind, expressed or implied.
Statements of suitability for certain applications are based on KEMET Electronics Corporation’s (“KEMET”) knowledge of typical operating conditions for such applications, but are
notintendedtoconstitute–andKEMETspecificallydisclaims–anywarrantyconcerningsuitabilityforaspecificcustomerapplicationoruse.TheInformationisintendedforuseonly
by customers who have the requisite experience and capability to determine the correct products for their application. Any technical advice inferred from this Information or otherwise
provided by KEMET with reference to the use of KEMET’s products is given gratis, and KEMET assumes no obligation or liability for the advice given or results obtained.
Although KEMET designs and manufactures its products to the most stringent quality and safety standards, given the current state of the art, isolated component failures may still
occur. Accordingly, customer applications which require a high degree of reliability or safety should employ suitable designs or other safeguards (such as installation of protective
circuitry or redundancies) in order to ensure that the failure of an electrical component does not result in a risk of personal injury or property damage.
Although all product–related warnings, cautions and notes must be observed, the customer should not assume that all safety measures are indicted or that other measures may not
be required.
© KEMET Electronics Corporation • P.O. Box 5928 • Greenville, SC 29606 (864) 963-6300 • www.kemet.com
A4010_EST • 5/15/2014
18