Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 TU1B‐1 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier g by y Lumped-Element p Network Designed Transforms and GaN FETs Ramon Beltran, PhD Newbury Park, CA 1 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Outline • Broadband Class‐E Amplifier • Network Transforms • Transformation Sequence • Output Network Topology Characteristics Output Network Topology Characteristics • Prototype Performance • Conclusions TU1B‐1 2 IMS2015 Broadband Class‐E Amplifier Finite DC Feed Inductor Polyfet GP2001 Coss=4pF Design Frequency: 200‐MHz Output Power: 18‐W (42.5 dBm) Supply Voltage 18 2 V Supply Voltage: 18.2 V Load Resistance: 25‐Ω Switchmode RF and Microwave Power Amplifiers, by Grebennikov, Sokal and Franco TU3C‐2 3 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Broadband Class‐E Amplifier • Maintains load impedance and p phase over a wide frequency range q y g • Requires broadband matching to 50‐Ohms TU1B‐1 4 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Broadband Class‐E Amplifier Topology for Broadband P f Performance Broadband enough ? Matched to 50‐Ohms Non‐optimum reactances at the harmonics Minimum of 7 components 3 Inductors p 4 capacitors TU1B‐1 5 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Network Transforms • Broadband impedance matching • Equivalent at all frequencies • Standard component values • PWB parasitics management; i.e: stray capacitance to ground • A shunt component to ground at all nodes A h t tt d t ll d • Topology selection for a given application • Minimum number of components p • Reduced insertion loss and more economic T to Pi TU1B‐1 6 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Network Transforms Example of Network Transforms L‐right to L‐left L‐left to L‐right Equivalent Networks At All Frequencies Move transformer right TU1B‐1 7 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Network Transforms Sequence Original designed network 25‐Ω load impedance L3 C3 Matching from 25 to 30 Ohms TU1B‐1 8 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Network Transforms Sequence Split C2 into C4 and C5 Merge L2 and L3 into L4 C4 L4 L‐left to L‐right C5 Apply L‐left to L‐right to C5 and C3 C7 T1 C6 TU1B‐1 9 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs Network Transforms Sequence IMS2015 g L‐right to L‐left Apply L‐right to L‐left to C4 and C1 C8 T2 C9 T3 50‐Ohms Add transformer T3 to match to 50 Ohms TU1B‐1 10 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Network Transforms Sequence Push all transformers to the Right; Since NT2 T2 X NT1 X NT3=1 all transformers vanish Matched to 50‐Ohms Fi l N t Final Network k TU1B‐1 11 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Frequency response ZD Initial Network Fig. 3 ZD ZD Final Network Fig. 5c TU1B‐1 12 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Input Matching 50‐Ω 10‐Ω Three‐section input match TU1B‐1 13 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Prototype RF in RF Out TU1B‐1 14 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Broadband Performance Fixed Input power of 28‐dBm over the frequency range TU1B‐1 15 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Other Network Transforms and True‐transient Class‐E Network Topologies dT t i t Cl EN t kT l i 50‐Ω 25‐Ω Equivalent networks at all frequencies TU1B‐1 Drain Current, A Exact equivalent waveforms Drain Voltage, V V Drain Current, A Drain Voltage, V True broadband b db d impedance matching 16 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Conclusions • Understanding where to apply a given network transform determines the final topology • The number of topologies are infinite; Choose the most suitable for your application • Attention has to be paid for realizable component values A i h b id f li bl l • Impedance matching can be perform with ideal transformers and then eliminate the transformer using a network transform g • In this example, a class‐E amplifier achieves excellent broadband performance by using exact equivalent transforms for broadband matching and topology transformation. transformation TU1B‐1 17 Broadband Class-E Power Amplifier Designed by Lumped-element Network Transforms and GaN FETs IMS2015 Thanks to • Thanks to Mr. Jerome Citrolo and Marcos Cervantes Provided the GaN FET GP2001 used for the prototypes • Thanks to Dr. Nick Chen for his support on this presentation 18