ACS8525 LC/P

ACS8525 LC/P
Line Card Protection Switch for
SONET/SDH Systems
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Description
FINAL
Features
The ACS8525 is a highly integrated, single-chip solution
for “Hit-less” protection switching of SEC (SDH/SONET
Equipment Clock) + Sync clock “Groups”, from Master
and Slave SETS clock cards and a third (Stand-by) source,
for Line Cards in a SONET or SDH Network Element. The
ACS8525 has fast activity monitors on the SEC clock
inputs and will implement automatic system protection
switching against the Master clock failure. The selection
of the Master/Slave input can be forced by a Force Fast
Switch pin. If both the Master and Slave input clocks fail,
the Stand-by “Group” is selected or, if no Stand-by is
available, the device enters Digital Holdover mode.
The ACS8525 can perform frequency translation,
converting, for example, an 8 kHz SEC input clock from a
backplane into a 155.52 MHz clock for local line cards.
Master and Slave SEC inputs to the device support
TTL/CMOS and PECL/LVDS. The Stand-by SEC and three
Sync inputs are TTL/CMOS only.
The ACS8525 generates two SEC clock outputs, via one
PECL/LVDS and one TTL/CMOS port, with spot
frequencies from 2 kHz up to 311.04 MHz (up to 155.52
MHz on the TTL/CMOS port). It also provides an 8 kHz
Frame Sync and a 2 kHz Multi-Frame Sync signal output
with programmable pulse width and polarity.
The ACS8525 includes a Serial Port, which can be SPI
compatible, providing access to the configuration and
status registers for device setup.
IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Boundary Scan is supported.
Block Diagram
PRODUCT BRIEF
‹ SONET/SDH applications up to OC-3/STM-1 bit rates
‹ Switches between grouped inputs (SEC/Sync pairs)
‹ Inputs: three SECs at any of 2, 4, 8 kHz (and N x 8 kHz
multiples up to 155.52 MHz), plus Frame Sync/MultiFrame Sync
‹ Outputs: two SEC clocks at any of several spot
frequencies from 2 kHz up to 77.76 MHz via the
TTL/CMOS port and up to 311.04 MHz via the
PECL/LVDS port
‹ Selectable clock I/O port technologies
‹ Modes for E3/DS3 and multiple E1/DS1 rate output
clocks
‹ Generates 8 kHz Frame Sync and 2 kHz Multi-Frame
Sync output clocks with programmable pulse width
and polarity
‹ Frequency translation of SEC input clock to a different
local line card clock
‹ Robust input clock source activity monitoring on all
inputs
‹ Supports Free-run, Locked and Digital Holdover
modes of operation
‹ Automatic “Hit-less” source switchover on loss of
input
‹ External force fast switch between SEC1/SEC2 inputs
‹ Phase Build-out for output clock phase continuity
during input switchover
‹ PLL “Locked” and “Acquisition” bandwidths
individually selectable from 18, 35 or 70 Hz
‹ Serial interface for device set-up
‹ Single 3.3 V operation, 5 V I/O compatible
‹ Operating temperature (ambient) of -40 to +85°C
‹ Available in LQFP 64 package
Figure 1 Block Diagram of the ACS8525 LC/P
3 x SEC/Sync Input Groups
SEC1 & SEC2:
TTL/PECL/LVDS,
SEC3 and all Syncs
TTL only
SEC1
Master
SYNC1
SEC2
Slave
SYNC2
SEC3
MUX
2
Selector
APLL3
SYNC3
SEC Inputs:
Programmable
Frequencies
2 kHz, 4 kHz,
TCK
N x 8 kHz
TDI
1.544/2.048 MHz
TMS
6.48 MHz
TRST
19.44 MHz
TDO
25.92 MHz
38.88 MHz
51.84 MHz
77.76 MHz
155.52 MHz
IEEE
1149.1
JTAG
Chip
Clock
Generator
APLL2
Priority Register Set
Table
TCXO or
XO
02 (TTL)
Output
Port
Frequency
Selection
Digital Feedback
E1/DS1
Synthesis
Stand-by
SEC Outputs:
01 (PECL/LVDS)
DPLL2
DPLL1
Input
SEC Port
Monitors
and
Input
Selection
Control
MUX
1
Sync Outputs:
MFrSync 2 kHz (TTL)
APLL 1
Serial Interface
Port
FrSync 8 kHz (TTL)
01 and 02:
E1/DS1 (2.048/1.544 MHz)
and frequency multiples:
1.5x, 2x, 3x, 4x, 6x, 12x,
16x, and 24x E1/DS1
E3/DS3, 2 kHz, 8 kHz.
and OC-N* rates: OC-1 51.84 MHz
OC-3 155.52 MHz and derivatives:
6.48 MHz (O2 port only)
19.44 MHz, 25.92 MHz,
38.88 MHz, 51.84 MHz, 77.76 MHz,
155.52 MHz (01 port only)
311.04 MHz (01 port only)
F8525D_001BLOCKDIA_05
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Pin Diagram
FINAL
Table 1 Power Pins (cont...)
Figure 2 ACS8525 Pin Diagram
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
SONSDHB
IC6
IC5
IC4
IC3
NC2
AGND4
VA3+
O2
NC1
VDD7
DGND6
SDO
TDI
TDO
TCK
Pin No.
AGND1
IC1
AGND2
VA1+
INTREQ
REFCLK
DGND1
VD1+
VD2+
DGND2
DGND3
VD3+
SRCSW
VA2+
AGND3
IC2
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
ACS8525
LC/P
PORB
SCLK
VDD6
VDD5
CSB
SDI
CLKE
TMS
DGND5
VDD4
VDD3
TRST
VDD2
SYNC3
SEC3
SYNC2
Symbol
I/O
Type
Description
7,
10,
11
DGND1,
DGND2,
DGND3
P
-
Supply Ground: Digital ground for
components in PLLs.
31,
40,
53
DGND4,
DGND5,
DGND6
P
-
Supply Ground: Digital ground for logic.
21
GND_DIFF
P
-
Supply Ground: Digital ground for
differential ports.
1,
3
AGND1,
AGND2
P
-
Supply Ground: Analog grounds.
Note...I = Input, O = Output, P = Power, TTLU = TTL input with pull-up
resistor, TTLD = TTL input with pull-down resistor.
Table 2 Internally Connected and Not Connected Pins
Pin No.
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
FrSync
MFrSync
O1POS
O1NEG
GND_DIFF
VDD_DIFF
SEC1POS
SEC1NEG
SEC2POS
SEC2NEG
VDD5V
SYNC1
SEC1
SEC2
DGND4
VDD1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
12
13
14
15
16
PRODUCT BRIEF
Symbol
I/O
Type
2, 16, IC1, IC2,
60, 61, IC3, IC4,
62, 63 IC5, IC6,
-
-
Internally Connected: Leave to float.
55, 59
-
-
Not Connected: Leave to float.
NC1, NC2
Description
F8525D_002PINDIAG_02
Table 3 Other Pins
Pin No.
Pin Description
Table 1 Power Pins
Pin No.
Description
Symbol
I/O
Type
Description
5
INTREQ
O
TTL/CMOS
Interrupt Request: Active High/Low
software Interrupt output.
6
REFCLK
I
TTL
Reference Clock: 12.800 MHz.
Symbol
I/O
Type
8, 9,
12
VD1+, VD2+,
VD3+
P
-
Supply Voltage: Digital supply to gates in
analog section, +3.3 Volts ±10%.
13
SRCSW
I
TTLD
Source Switching: Force Fast Source
Switching on SEC1 and SEC2.
22
VDD_DIFF
P
-
Supply Voltage: Digital supply for
differential output pins 19 and 20,
+3.3 Volts ±10%.
17
FrSync
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference: 8 kHz Frame Sync
output.
27
VDD5V
P
-
Digital Supply for +5 Volts Tolerance to
Input Pins. Connect to +5 Volts (±10%) for
clamping to +5 Volts. Connect to VDD for
clamping to +3.3 Volts. Leave floating for
no clamping. Input pins tolerant up to
+5.5 Volts.
18
MFrSync
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference: 2 kHz Multi-Frame Sync
output.
19,
20
O1POS,
O1NEG
O
LVDS/PECL Output Reference: Programmable, default
38.88 MHz, LVDS.
23,
24
SEC1_POS,
SEC1_NEG
I
PECL/LVDS Input Reference: Programmable, default
19.44 MHz, PECL.
25,
26
SEC2_POS,
SEC2_NEG
I
PECL/LVDS Input Reference: Programmable, default
19.44 MHz PECL.
28
SYNC1
I
TTLD
(Master) Multi-Frame Sync 2kHz Input:
Connect to 2 or 8 kHz Multi-Frame Sync
output of Master SETS.
29
SEC1
I
TTLD
(Master) Input Reference: Programmable,
default 8 kHz.
32, 36,
38, 39,
45, 46,
54
VDD1, VDD2,
VDD3, VDD4,
VDD5, VDD6,
VDD7
P
-
Supply Voltage: Digital supply to logic,
+3.3 Volts ±10%.
4
VA1+
P
-
Supply Voltage: Analog supply to clock
multiplying PLL,
+3.3 Volts ±10%.
14, 57
VA2+, VA3+
15,
58
AGND3,
AGND4
P
-
Supply Voltage: Analog supply to output
PLLs APLL2 and APPL1, +3.3 Volts ±10%.
-
Supply Ground: Analog ground for output
PLLs APLL2 and APPL1.
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Table 3 Other Pins (cont...)
Pin No.
Symbol
I/O
Type
FINAL
Introduction
Description
30
SEC2
I
TTLD
(Slave) Input Reference: Programmable,
default 8 kHz.
33
SYNC2
I
TTLD
(Slave) Multi-Frame Sync 2 kHz: Connect to
2 or 8 kHz Multi-Frame Sync output of Slave
SETS.
34
SEC3
I
TTLD
(Stand-by) Input Reference: External standby reference clock source, programmable,
default 19.44 MHz.
35
SYNC3
I
TTLD
(Stand-by) Input Reference: External standby 2 or 8 kHz Multi-Frame Sync clock
source.
37
TRST
I
TTLD
JTAG Control Reset Input: TRST = 1 to
enable JTAG Boundary Scan mode. TRST =
0 is Boundary Scan stand-by mode, still
allowing normal device operation (JTAG
logic transparent). NC if not used.
41
TMS
I
TTLD
JTAG Test Mode Select: Boundary Scan
enable. Sampled on rising edge of TCK. NC
if not used.
42
CLKE
I
TTLD
SCLK Edge Select: SCLK active edge select,
CLKE = 1, selects falling edge of SCLK to be
active.
43
SDI
I
TTLD
Serial Interface Address: Serial Data Input.
44
CSB
I
TTLU
Chip Select (Active Low): This pin is
asserted Low by the microprocessor to
enable the microprocessor interface.
47
SCLK
I
TTLD
Serial Data Clock. When this pin goes High
data is latched from SDI pin.
48
PORB
I
TTLU
Power-On Reset: Master reset. If PORB is
forced Low, all internal states are reset
back to default values.
49
TCK
I
TTLD
JTAG Clock: Boundary Scan clock input.
50
TDO
O
TTL/CMOS
51
TDI
I
TTLD
JTAG Input: Serial test data Input. Sampled
on rising edge of TCK.
52
SDO
O
TTLD
Interface Address: SPI compatible Serial
Data Output.
56
O2
O
TTL/CMOS
Output Reference: Programmable, default
19.44 MHz.
64
SONSDHB
I
TTLD
SONET or SDH Frequency Select: Sets the
initial power-up state (or state after a
PORB) of the SONET/SDH frequency
selection registers, Reg. 34, Bit 2 and
Reg. 38, Bit 5, Bit 6 and Reg. 64 Bit 4.
When set Low, SDH rates are selected
(2.048 MHz etc.) and when set High,
SONET rates are selected (1.544 MHz etc.)
The register states can be changed after
power-up by software.
The ACS8525 LC/P is a Line Card Protection device
designed to complement the Semtech SETS devices
which maintain the SETS functions in both SONET and
SDH Network Elements. The ACS8525 LC/P extends this
functionality on to the Line Card, for which it has been
specifically designed. The ACS8525 LC/P uses “Hit-less”
group switching between Master and Slave inputs or a
third (Stand-by) input group, to generate and maintain
accurate and stable SEC and frame synchronization pulse
outputs for distribution on the Line Card.
The ACS8525 provides a simple, compact, yet flexible
solution, which can be easily tailored for use with a range
of transmission formats and rates, via software
configuration.
The ACS8525 employs various mechanisms to maintain
the integrity of its output clocks when its input clocks fail
or fall below the required specification levels. By
smoothing out the effects of these input anomalies, the
ACS8525 improves the overall stability and reliability of
the downstream system synchronization, which
translates to improved quality of service.
The key architectural advantage that the ACS8525 has
over traditional solutions is in the use of Digital Phase
Locked Loop (DPLL) technology for precise and
repeatable performance over temperature or voltage
variations and between parts.
Semtech can provide an Evaluation Board and an
intuitive, GUI-based (Figure 3) Software package so that
designers can rapidly appraise the ACS8525 LC/P device
and see for themselves the benefits that a Semtech Line
Card Protection solution can bring to their designs.
JTAG Output: Serial test data output.
Updated on falling edge of TCK.
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
PRODUCT BRIEF
Figure 3 Evaluation Software Graphical User Interface.
Page 3
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
General Description
FINAL
SEC Activity Monitors
Inputs
The ACS8525 SETS device has input ports for input clock
groups from three sources, typically Master, Slave and
Stand-by, where each clock group comprises one SEC and
optionally one Sync signal. This means that when any SEC
input changeover is made, the corresponding Sync signal
changeover is also made. Master and Slave SEC inputs to
the device support TTL/CMOS and PECL/LVDS. The
Stand-by SEC and three Sync inputs are TTL/CMOS only.
All the TTL/CMOS ports are 3 V and 5 V compatible (with
clamping if required by connecting the VDD5 pin).
Input frequencies supported range from 2, 4, 8 kHz (and
n x 8 kHz) up to 155.52 MHz. Common E1, DS1,
OC3/STM-1 and sub-divisions are supported as spot
frequencies to which the DPLLs will directly lock.
Any input frequency, up to 100 MHz, that is a multiple of
8 kHz can also be locked to via a built-in programmable
divider. Refer to Table 4 for details of each input port.
Input Locking Frequency Modes
Each input port has to be configured to receive the
expected input frequency. To achieve this, three Input
Locking Frequency Modes are provided: Direct Lock,
Lock8K and DivN.
PRODUCT BRIEF
A monitoring function constantly appraises the activity of
each input SEC, and reports anomalous behavior. Each of
the input monitors is individually configurable, allowing
flags or interrupts to be raised which can influence both
the operating state of the device, and which inputs are
available for selection by the PLL circuitry. Any Input SEC
which suffers a loss-of-activity will be declared as
unavailable.
Anomalies detected by the Activity Monitor are integrated
in a Leaky Bucket Accumulator. Occasional anomalies do
not cause the accumulator to cross the alarm setting
threshold, so the selected reference source is retained.
Persistent anomalies cause the alarm setting threshold to
be crossed and result in the selected SEC (and Sync)
being rejected.
There is one Leaky Bucket Accumulator per SEC input.
Each Leaky Bucket Accumulator can be programmed with
a Bucket ID (0 to 3) which assigns to the Leaky Bucket the
corresponding Leaky Bucket Configuration (from four
available Configurations). Each Leaky Bucket
Configuration comprises the following programmable
parameters:
z
z
z
z
Bucket size
Alarm trigger (set threshold)
Alarm clear (reset threshold)
Leak rate (decay rate)
Table 4 Input Reference Source Selection and Priority Table
Port Name
Channel Number
Input Port Technology
Frequencies Supported
Default Priority
SEC1 TTL
0011
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 8 kHz Default (SDH): 8 kHz
2
SEC2 TTL
0100
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 8 kHz Default (SDH): 8 kHz
3
SEC1 DIFF
0101
PECL/LVDS
PECL default
Up to 155.52 MHz (see Note (ii))
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
0
SEC2 DIFF
0110
PECL/LVDS
PECL default
Up to 155.52 MHz (see Note (ii))
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
0
SYNC1
0111
TTL/CMOS
2/4/8 kHz auto-sensing
n/a
SYNC2
1000
TTL/CMOS
2/4/8 kHz auto-sensing
n/a
SEC3
1001
TTL/CMOS
Up to 100 MHz (see Note (i))
Default (SONET): 19.44 MHz Default (SDH): 19.44 MHz
4
SYNC3
1010
TTL/CMOS
2/4/8 kHz auto-sensing
n/a
Notes: (i) TTL ports (compatible also with CMOS signals) support clock speeds up to 100 MHz, with the highest spot frequency being
77.76 MHz. The actual spot frequencies are: 2 kHz, 4 kHz, 8 kHz (and N x 8 kHz), 1.544 MHz (SONET)/2.048 MHz (SDH), 6.48 MHz,
19.44 MHz, 25.92 MHz, 38.88 MHz, 51.84 MHz, 77.76 MHz. SONET or SDH input rate is selected via Reg. 34 bit 2, ip_sonsdhb).
(ii) PECL and LVDS ports support the spot clock frequencies listed above plus 155.52 MHz (and 311.04 MHz for Output O1 only).
(iii) SEC1 TTL and SEC2 TTL ports are on pins SEC1 and SEC2. SEC1 DIFF (Differential) port uses pins SEC1POS and SEC1NEG, similarly
SEC2DIFF uses pins SEC2POS and SEC2NEG.
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
Page 4
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Phase Locked Loops (PLLs)
FINAL
Figure 1 shows the PLL circuitry which comprises two
Digital PLLs (DPLL1 and DPLL2), two output multiplying
and filtering Analog PLLs (APLL1 and APLL2), output
frequency dividers in an Output Port Frequency Selection
block, a Synthesis block, multiplexers MUX1 and MUX2,
and a feedback Analog PLL (APLL3). These functional
blocks and their interconnections are highly configurable,
via register control, providing a range of output
frequencies and a choice of levels of jitter performance.
The DPLLs give a stable and consistent level of
performance that can be easily programmed for different
dynamic behavior or operating range. They are not
affected by operating conditions or silicon process
variations. Digital Synthesis is used to generate all
required SONET/SDH output frequencies. The digital logic
operates at 204.8 MHz that is multiplied up from the
external 12.800 MHz oscillator module. Hence the best
resolution of the output signals from the DPLLs is one
204.8 MHz cycle or 4.9 ns.
Both of the DPLLs’ outputs can be connected to
multiplying and filtering APLLs. The outputs of these
APLLs are divided making a number of frequencies
simultaneously available for selection at the output clock
ports. The various combinations of DPLL, APLL,
Multiplexer and divider configurations allow for
generation of a comprehensive set of frequencies, as
listed in Table 5 and Table 6.
PRODUCT BRIEF
z
Frequency translation between input and output rates
via direct digital synthesis
z
High accuracy digital architecture for stable PLL
dynamics combined with an APLL for low jitter final
output clocks
z
Non-revertive mode
z
Frame Sync pulse alignment
z
Selectable automatic DPLL bandwidth control (auto
selects either Locked bandwidth, or Acquisition
bandwidth), or Locked DPLL bandwidth
z
Two programmable bandwidth controls:
• Locked bandwidth: 18, 35 or 70 Hz
• Acquisition bandwidth: 18, 35 or 70 Hz
z
Programmable damping factor, (For optional faster
locking and peaking control) Factors = 1.2, 2.5, 5, 10
or 20
z
Programmable DPLL pull-in frequency range
z
Phase Build-out on source switching (hit-less source
switching), on/off
z
Freeze Phase Build-out, on/off
DPLL2 Main Features
The main features of DPLL2 are:
z
Always locked to DPLL1
z
Single programmable bandwidth control: 18, 35 or
70 Hz
DPLLs
z
DPLL1 is the more feature rich of the two DPLLs. The main
features of the two DPLLs are summarized here. Refer to
the Register Descriptions in the datasheet for advanced
features and more information.
Programmable damping factor, (For optional faster
locking and peaking control) Factors = 1.2, 2.5, 5, 10
or 20.
z
Digital feedback, on/off
z
Output frequency selection
z
DS3/E3 support (44.736 MHz / 34.368 MHz)
independent of rates from DPLL1
DPLL1 Main Features
z
Multiple E1 and DS1 outputs supported
z
Low jitter MFrSync (2 kHz) and FrSync (8 kHz) outputs
z
Multiple phase loss and multiple phase detectors
z
Direct PLL locking to common SONET/SDH input
frequencies or any multiple of 8 kHz
z
Automatic mode switching between Free-run, Locked
and Digital Holdover modes (states)
z
Can provide the source for the 2 kHz and 8 kHz
outputs available at Outputs 01 and 02
z
Fast detection on input failure and entry into Digital
Holdover mode (holds at the last good frequency
value)
z
Can use its phase detector to measure the input
phase difference between two inputs
z
Selectable digital feedback, on/off
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
• Low jitter E1/DS1 options independent of rates
from DPLL1
• Frequencies of n x E1/DS1 including 16 and 12 x
E1, and 16 and 24 x DS1 supported
• Squelched (clock off)
Page 5
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
Either the software or an internal state machine controls
the operation of DPLL1. The state machine for DPLL2 is
very simple and cannot be manually/externally controlled.
One additional feature of DPLL2 is the ability to measure
a phase difference between two inputs.
PRODUCT BRIEF
Table 6 Output Frequencies/Lowest Jitter Configuration
(Typical Conditions)
Jitter Level (Typ)
Frequency (MHz, unless stated otherwise)
rms
(ps)
pk-pk
(ns)
0.6
2 kHz
60
DPLL1 always produces an output at 77.76 MHz to feed
the APLL, regardless of the frequency selected at the
output pins or the locking frequency (frequency at the
input of the Phase and Frequency Detector — PFD).
8 kHz
60
0.6
1.536
250
1.5
1.544
150
1.0
2.048
220
1.2
2.059
150
1.0
DPLL2 can be operated at a number of frequencies. This
is to enable the generation of extra output frequencies,
which cannot be easily related to 77.76 MHz. If DPLL2 is
enabled, it locks to the 8 kHz from DPLL1. This is because
all of the frequencies of operation of DPLL2 can be
divided to 8 kHz and this will ensure synchronization of
frequencies, from 8 kHz upwards, within the two DPLLs.
2.316
110
0.75
2.731
220
1.2
2.796
110
1.0
3.088
110
0.75
110
1.0
APLLs
There are three APLLs. APLL1 and APLL2 provide a lower
final output jitter reducing the 4.9 ns pk-pk jitter from the
digital down to 500 ps pk-pk and 60 ps rms as typical final
outputs measured broadband (from 10 Hz to 1 GHz). The
feedback APLL (APLL3) is selected by default; it provides
improved performance over the digital feedback.
Each APLL has its own divider. Each divider
simultaneously outputs a series of fixed ratios of its APLL
input. These divided outputs are available on Output Ports
O1 or O2.
Outputs
The ACS8525 delivers four output signals on the following
ports: Two clocks, one each on ports Output O1 and
Output O2; and two Sync signals, on ports FrSync and
MFrSync. Output O1 and Output O2 are independent of
each other and are individually selectable. Output 01 is a
differential port (pins O1POS and O1NEG), and can be
selected PECL or LVDS. Output O2 (pin O2) and the Sync
outputs are TTL/CMOS.
Output Port
Technology
via Digital1 or Digital2 (not Output O1)
4.296
Frequencies as per Table 6
Output O2
TTL/CMOS
FrSync
TTL/CMOS
FrSync, 8 kHz programmable pulse width and
polarity, see Reg. 7C.
MFrSync
TTL/CMOS
MFrSync, 2 kHz programmable pulse width and
polarity, see Reg. 7C.
1.0
60
0.6
120
1.0
6.144
250
1.5
6.176
150
1.0
6.48
60
0.6
8.192
220
1.2
8.235
760
2.6
9.264
110
0.75
10.923
250
1.6
11.184
110
1.0
12.288
250
1.5
12.352
110
0.75
16.384
220
1.2
16.469
760
2.6
17.184
120
1.0
18.528
110
0.75
19.44
60
0.6
21.845
250
1.6
22.368
110
1.0
24.576
250
1.5
24.704
110
0.75
25.92
60
0.6
32.768
220
1.2
34.368
120
1.0
37.056
110
0.75
38.88
60
0.6
44.736
110
1.0
49.152
(Output O1 only)
900
4.5
49.408
(Output O1 only)
760
2.6
60
0.6
51.84
(Output O1 only)
(Output O1 only)
77.76
LVDS/PECL (LVDS
default)
13
120
5.728
74.112
Output O1
3800
4.86
68.736
Frequencies Supported
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
4.096
65.536
Table 5 Output Port Frequencies and Technologies
Port Name
3.728
250
1.6
120
1.0
110
0.75
60
0.6
(Output O1 only)
900
4.5
98.816
(Output O1 only)
760
2.6
131.07
(Output O1 only)
250
1.6
148.22
(Output O1 only)
110
0.75
98.304
155.52
(Output O1 only)
60
0.6
311.04
(Output O1 only)
60
0.6
Page 6
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Modes of Operation
FINAL
Table 4 gives details of the input reference ports. Specific
frequencies and priorities are set by configuration.
The device has three principle modes of operation:
z
z
z
Ultra Fast Switching
Free-run
Locked
Digital Holdover
The Free-run mode is typically used following a power-onreset or a device reset before network synchronization
has been achieved. In the Free-run mode, the timing and
synchronization signals generated from the ACS8525 are
based on the 12.800 MHz clock frequency provided from
the external oscillator and are not synchronized to an
input SEC. The accuracy can be enhanced via software
calibration to within ±0.0196229 ppm.
The Locked mode is used when an input SEC has been
selected and the PLL has had time to lock. When the
Locked mode is achieved, the output signal is in phase
and is locked to the selected input SEC. The priority table
determines which input SEC is selected. When the
ACS8525 is in Locked mode, the output frequency and
phase follows that of the selected input SEC.
In Digital Holdover mode, the ACS8525 provides the
timing signals to maintain the Line Card when its currently
selected input source becomes invalid, and no other valid
replacement source is available. Digital Holdover
operates instantaneously, which means the DPLL freezes
at the frequency it was operating at the time of entering
Digital Holdover mode.
Input Selection Priorities
Each input SEC can be programmed with a priority
number (see Table 4) allowing references to be chosen
according to the highest priority valid input. Under normal
operation, the input SECs are selected automatically,
according to availability and in order of priority. For special
circumstances, such as chip or board testing, the
selection may be forced by configuration.
The priority table is initially defined by the default
configuration and can be changed via the Serial interface
by the Network Manager. In this way, when all the defined
sources are active and valid, the source with the highest
programmed priority is selected but, if this source fails,
the next-highest source is selected, and so on.
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
PRODUCT BRIEF
SEC inputs are monitored using a leaky bucket approach
to allow source qualification criterion to be monitored. A
reference source is normally disqualified after the leaky
bucket monitor thresholds have been crossed. An option
for a faster disqualification has been implemented so that
a loss of activity of just a few reference clock cycles will
raise an alarm and cause a reference switch.
External Forced Fast Protection Switching
External Forced Fast Protection Switching mode, for fast
switching between inputs SEC1 or SEC2, can be triggered
directly from the dedicated pin SRCSW.
Restoration
Restoration of repaired reference sources is handled
carefully to avoid inadvertent disturbance of the output
clock. For this, the ACS8525 has two modes of operation;
Revertive and Non-revertive.
Sync Reference Sources
The ACS8525 provides the facility to have a Sync
reference source associated with each SEC.
The Sync inputs (SYNC1, SYNC2 and SYNC3) are used for
Frame Sync output alignment and can be 2, 4 or 8 kHz
(automatically detected frequency).
As in all the Semtech ACS85xx series of parts supporting
such a mechanism, the Sync is treated as an additional
part of the SEC clock. The failure of a Sync input will never
cause a source disqualification. The Sync input is used to
internally align the generation of the output 2 kHz and
8 kHz Sync pulses.
Serial Interface
The ACS8525 device has an SPI compatible serial
interface, providing access to the configuration and
status registers for device set-up and monitoring.
Page 7
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Performance
FINAL
Conformance
The ACS8525 is designed for use in Line Cards in Network
Elements which must meet the requirements of the
following specifications:
ITU: G. 736, G.742, G.812, G.813, G.824, K.41.
Telcordia: GR-253-CORE, GR-499-CORE, GR-1244-CORE.
ANSI: T1.101-1999.
ETSI: ETSI 300 462-3, ETSI 300 462-5.
Performance Benefits from DPLL/APLL Technology
The use of Digital Phase Locked Loop technology ensures
precise and repeatable performance over temperature or
voltage variations, and between parts. The overall PLL
bandwidth, loop damping, pull-in range and frequency
accuracy are all determined by digital parameters that
provide a consistent level of performance. An Analog PLL
takes the signal from the DPLL output and provides a
lower jitter output. The APLL bandwidth is set four orders
PRODUCT BRIEF
of magnitude higher than the DPLL bandwidth. This
ensures that the overall system performance still
maintains the advantage of consistent behavior provided
by the digital approach.
The DPLLs are clocked by the external oscillator module
therefore the Free-run or Digital Holdover frequency
stability is only determined by the stability of the external
oscillator module. This key advantage confines all
temperature critical components to one well defined and
pre-calibrated module, whose performance can be
chosen to match the application.
All performance parameters of the DPLLs are
programmable without the need to understand detailed
PLL equations. Bandwidth, damping factor and lock
range, for example, can all be set directly.
A high level of phase and frequency accuracy is made
possible in the ACS8525 by an internal resolution of up to
54 bits and internal Holdover accuracy of up to
7.5 x 10-14 ppb (instantaneous).
Typical Application
Figure 4 Semtech’s Product Family Solution for a Typical SONET/SDH Architecture
Multiple Line cards
Line Card
Recovered Clock
Master Clock
Master Sync
Slave Clock
Slave Sync
Stand-by Clock
Stand-by Sync
Frame Sync
Multi Frame Sync
ACS8515
ACS8525
ACS8526
ACS8527
FRAMER
E1/DS1
To/from
SONET/SDH/PDH
Network
MPLL
LINE
CARD
PROTECTION
Low Jitter/Low Skew
Clock
ACS8942
Distribution
ACS8943
Low Jitter up to 622 MHz
Backplane
SERDES
Slave Sync Card
Master Sync Card
Input CLK Sources
Config.
Priorities
mP/Serial Bus
SSM
Primary Ref.
Input/
output
RDATA
TDATA
TCLK
ACS8510
ACS8520
ACS8522
ACS8530
Priorities
TCLK
RCLK
Line
I/F
Unit
SETS
Output
CLKs
ACS8110
SSM HANDLER
Clock
Distribution
SEC
F8942_SetsLinecardGenApp_02
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
Page 8
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Register Map
FINAL
PRODUCT BRIEF
Table 7 Register Map
Address
(hex)
Default
(hex)
Register Name
RO = Read Only
R/W = Read/Write
chip_id (RO)
00
chip_revision (RO)
test_register1 (R/W)
03
14
Data Bit
7 (MSB)
5
4
3
chip_id[7:0], 8 LSBs of Chip ID
01
21
chip_id[15:8], 8 MSBs of Chip ID
02
00
2
1
8K Edge
Polarity
Set to 0
0 (LSB)
chip_revision[7:0]
Phase_alarm
test_register2 (R/W)
04
12
sts_interrupts (R/W)
05
FF
06
3F
sts_current_DPLL_frequency,
see OC/OD
07
00
sts_interrupts (R/W)
08
10
Sync_alarm_
int
sts_operating_mode (RO)
09
01
Sync_alarm
sts_priority_table (RO)
6
4D
Resync_
analog
Disable_180
Set to 0
Set to 0
Do not use
status_SEC2_
DIFF
operating_
mode
status_SEC1_
DIFF
status_SEC2_
TTL
status_SEC1_
TTL
DPLL1_main_
ref_failed
status_SEC3
Bits [18:16] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency
DPLL2_Lock
DPLL1_freq_
soft_alarm
DPLL2_freq_
soft_alarm
DPLL1_operating_mode
0A
00
Highest priority validated source
Currently selected source
0B
00
3rd highest priority validated source
2nd highest priority validated source
sts_current_DPLL_frequency[7:0] 0C
00
(RO)
Bits [7:0] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency
[15:8] 0D 00
[18:16] 07
00
0E
00
sts_sources_valid (RO)
Bits [15:8] of sts_current_DPLL_frequencyy
Bits [18:16] of sts_current_DPLL_frequency
SEC2 DIFF
SEC1 DIFF
SEC2 TTL
SEC1 TTL
0F
00
sts_reference_sources (RO)
Alarm Status on inputs:
SEC1 & SEC2 TTL 11
22
SEC1 & SEC2 DIFF 12
22
SEC3 14
22
cnfg_ref_selection_priority (R/W) 19
SEC1 & SEC2 TTL
32
programmed_priority_SEC2_TTL
programmed_priority_SEC1_TTL
SEC1 & SEC2 DIFF 1A
00
programmed_priority_SEC2_DIFF
programmed_priority_SEC1_DIFF
SEC3 1C
04
cnfg_ref_source_frequency_
<input> (R/W), where <input> =
SEC1 TTL 22
00
divn_SEC1 TTL lock8k_SEC1
TTL
Bucket_id_SEC1 TTL
reference_source_frequency_SEC1 TTL
SEC2 TTL 23
00
divn_SEC2 TTL lock8k_SEC2
TTL
Bucket_id_SEC2 TTL
reference_source_frequency_SEC2 TTL
SEC1 DIFF 24
03
divn_SEC1
DIFF
lock8k_SEC1
DIFF
Bucket_id_SEC1 DIFF
reference_source_frequency_SEC1 DIFF
SEC2 DIFF 25
03
divn_SEC2
DIFF
lock8k_SEC2
DIFF
Bucket_id_SEC2 DIFF
reference_source_frequency_SEC2 DIFF
divn_SEC3
lock8k_SEC3
Bucket_id_SEC3
reference_source_frequency_SEC3
SEC3 28
03
cnfg_operating_mode (R/W)
32
00
force_select_reference_source
(R/W)
33
0F
cnfg_input_mode (R/W)
34
CA
cnfg_DPLL2_path (R/W)
35
A0
cnfg_differential_inputs (R/W)
36
03
cnfg_dig_outputs_sonsdh (R/W)
38
04
cnfg_digtial_frequencies (R/W)
39
08
cnfg_differential_output (R/W)
3A
C2
cnfg_auto_bw_sel
3B
98
SEC3
No Activity
SEC2 TTL
Phase Lock
SEC2 TTL
No Activity
SEC1 TTL
Phase Lock
SEC1 TTL
No Activity
SEC2 DIFF
Phase Lock
SEC2 DIFF
No Activity
SEC1 DIFF
Phase Lock
SEC1 DIFF
No Activity
SEC3
Phase Lock
SEC3
programmed_priority_SEC3
DPLL1_operating_mode
forced_select_SEC_input
auto_extsync_
en
phalarm_
timeout
XO_ edge
extsync_en
ip_sonsdhb
reversion_
mode
DPLL2_dig_
feedback
SEC2_DIFF_
PECL
dig2_sonsdh
digital2_frequency
SEC1_DIFF_
PECL
dig1_sonsdh
digital1_frequency
Output O1 _LVDS_PECL
auto_BW_sel
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
DPLL1_lim_int
Page 9
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
PRODUCT BRIEF
Table 7 Register Map (cont...)
Address
(hex)
Default
(hex)
Register Name
RO = Read Only
R/W = Read/Write
cnfg_nominal_frequency
[7:0] 3C
(R/W)
Data Bit
7 (MSB)
6
5
4
3
2
99
Bits[7:0] of cnfg_nominal_frequency
[15:8] 3D 99
Bits[15:8] of cnfg_nominal_frequency
cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit (R/W) [7:0] 41
76
cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit (R/W) [9:8] 42
00
1
Bits[7:0] of cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit
Bits[9:8] of
cnfg_DPLL_freq_limit
cnfg_interrupt_mask (R/W) [7:0] 43
00
Set to 0
Set to 0
[15:8] 44
00
operating_
mode
main_ref_
failed
[23:16] 45
00
Sync_ip_alarm
[7:0]. 46
FF
[13:8] 47
3F
cnfg_monitors (R/W)
48
04
cnfg_registers_source_select
(R/W)
4B
00
cnfg_freq_lim_ph_loss
4D
cnfg_upper_threshold_0 (R/W)
50
06
upper_threshold_0_value (Activity alarm, Config. 0, Leaky Bucket - set threshold)
cnfg_lower_threshold_0 (R/W)
51
04
lower_threshold_0_value (Activity alarm, Config. 0, Leaky Bucket - reset threshold)
Bucket_size_0_value (Activity alarm, Config. 0, Leaky Bucket - size)
cnfg_freq_divn (R/W)
0 (LSB)
SEC2 DIFF
SEC1 DIFF
SEC2 TTL
SEC1 TTL
Set to 0
SEC3
divn_value [7:0] (divide Input frequency by n)
divn_value [13:8] (divide Input frequency by n)
los_flag_on_
TDO
ultra_fast_
switch
ext_switch
PBO_freeze
PBO_en
DPLL1_DPLL2
_select
freq_lim_ph_
loss
cnfg_bucket_size_0 (R/W)
52
08
cnfg_decay_rate_0 (R/W)
53
01
cnfg_upper_threshold_1 (R/W)
54
06
upper_threshold_1_value (Activity alarm, Config. 1, Leaky Bucket - set threshold)
cnfg_lower_threshold_1 (R/W)
55
04
lower_threshold_1_value (Activity alarm, Config. 1, Leaky Bucket - reset threshold)
Bucket_size_1_value (Activity alarm, Config. 1, Leaky Bucket - size)
decay_rate_0_value (Activity
alarm, Config. 0, Leaky Bucket leak rate)
cnfg_bucket_size_1 (R/W)
56
08
cnfg_decay_rate_1 (R/W)
57
01
cnfg_upper_threshold_2 (R/W)
58
06
upper_threshold_2_value (Activity alarm, Config. 2, Leaky Bucket - set threshold)
cnfg_lower_threshold_2 (R/W)
59
04
lower_threshold_2_value (Activity alarm, Config. 2, Leaky Bucket - reset threshold)
Bucket_size_2_value (Activity alarm, Config. 2, Leaky Bucket - size)
cnfg_bucket_size_2 (R/W)
5A
08
cnfg_decay_rate_2 (R/W)
5B
01
cnfg_upper_threshold_3 (R/W)
5C
06
cnfg_lower_threshold_3 (R/W)
5D 04
cnfg_bucket_size_3 (R/W)
5E
08
cnfg_decay_rate_3 (R/W)
5F
01
cnfg_output_frequency (R/W)
(Output O2) 61
06
(Output O1) 62
80
(MFrSync/FrSync) 63
C0
decay_rate_1_value (Activity
alarm, Config. 1, Leaky Bucket leak rate)
decay_rate_2_value (Activity
alarm, Config. 2, Leaky Bucket leak rate)
upper_threshold_3_value (Activity alarm, Config. 3, Leaky Bucket - set threshold)
lower_threshold_3_value (Activity alarm, Config. 3, Leaky Bucket - reset threshold)
Bucket_size_3_value (Activity alarm, Config. 3, Leaky Bucket - size)
decay_rate_3_value (Activity
alarm, Config. 3, Leaky Bucket leak rate)
output_freq_O2
output_freq_O1
MFrSync_en
FrSync_en
DPLL2_meas_
DPLL1_ph
APLL2_for_
DPLL1_E1/DS
1
cnfg_DPLL2_frequency (R/W)
64
00
cnfg_DPLL1_frequency (R/W)
65
01
cnfg_DPLL2_bw (R/W)
66
00
DPLL2_bandwidth
cnfg_DPLL1_locked_bw (R/W)
67
10
DPLL1_locked_bandwidth
cnfg_DPLL1_acq_bw (R/W)
69
11
cnfg_DPLL2_damping (R/W)
6A
13
DPLL2_frequency
DPLL1_freq_to_APLL2
DPLL1_frequency
DPLL1_acquisition_bandwidth
DPLL2_PD2_gain_alog_8k
DPLL2_damping
cnfg_DPLL1_damping (R/W)
6B
13
DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog_8k
DPLL1_damping
cnfg_DPLL2_PD2_gain (R/W)
6C
C2
DPLL2_PD2_
gain_enable
DPLL2_PD2_gain_alog
DPLL2_PD2_gain_digital
cnfg_DPLL1_PD2_gain (R/W)
6D C2
DPLL1_PD2_
gain_enable
DPLL1_PD2_gain_alog
DPLL1_PD2_gain_digital
cnfg_phase_offset (R/W)
[7:0] 70
00
phase_offset_value [7:0]
[15:8] 71
00
phase_offset_value[15:8]
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
Page 10
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
FINAL
PRODUCT BRIEF
Table 7 Register Map (cont...)
Address
(hex)
Default
(hex)
Register Name
RO = Read Only
R/W = Read/Write
cnfg_PBO_phase_offset (R/W)
72
00
Data Bit
7 (MSB)
6
5
3
2
1
0 (LSB)
PBO_phase_offset
cnfg_phase_loss_fine_limit (R/W) 73
A2
fine_limit_en
noact_ph_loss
narrow_en
cnfg_phase_loss_coarse_limit
(R/W)
74
85
coarse_lim_
phaseloss_en
wide_range_
en
multi_ph_resp
cnfg_ip_noise_window (R/W)
76
06
ip_noise_
window_en
sts_current_phase (RO)
4
phase_loss_fine_limit
phase_loss_coarse_limit
[7:0] 77
00
current_phase[7:0]
[15:8] 78
00
current_phase[15:8]
cnfg_phase_alarm_timeout (RO)
79
32
cnfg_sync_pulses (R/W)
7A
00
2k_8k_from_
DPLL2
cnfg_sync_phase (R/W)
7B
00
Indep_FrSync/
MFrSync
cnfg_sync_monitor (R/W)
7C
2B
ph_offset_
ramp
cnfg_interrupt (R/W)
7D 02
cnfg_protection(R/W)
7E
timeout_value (in two-second intervals)
8k_invert
Sync_OC-N_
rates
Sync_phase_SYNC3
8k_pulse
Sync_phase_SYNC2
2k_invert
2k_pulse
Sync_phase_SYNC1
Sync_monitor_limit
Interrupt
GPO_en
85
Interrupt
tristate_en
Interrupt
int_polarity
protection_value
Notes
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
Page 11
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ACS8525 LC/P
ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS
Ordering Information
FINAL
PRODUCT BRIEF
Table 8 Parts List
Part Number
Description
ACS8525
LC/P Line Card Protection Switch for SONET/SDH Systems
ACS8525 EVB
Evaluation Board and Software
Disclaimers
Life support- This product is not designed or intended for use in life support equipment, devices or systems, or other critical
applications. This product is not authorized or warranted by Semtech for such use.
Right to change- Semtech Corporation reserves the right to make changes, without notice, to this product. Customers are advised
to obtain the latest version of the relevant information before placing orders.
Compliance to relevant standards- Operation of this device is subject to the User’s implementation and design practices. It is the
responsibility of the User to ensure equipment using this device is compliant to any relevant standards.
Contacts
For Additional Information, contact the following:
Semtech Corporation Advanced Communications Products
E-mail:
[email protected]
Internet:
http://www.semtech.com
USA:
Mailing Address:
Street Address:
Tel: +1 805 498 2111,
[email protected]
P.O. Box 6097, Camarillo, CA 93011-6097
200 Flynn Road, Camarillo, CA 93012-8790
Fax: +1 805 498 3804
FAR EAST: 11F, No. 46, Lane 11, Kuang Fu North Road, Taipei, R.O.C.
Tel: +886 2 2748 3380
Fax: +886 2 2748 3390
EUROPE:
Semtech Ltd., Units 2 and 3, Park Court, Premier Way,
Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 9DN
Tel: +44 (0)1794 527 600
Fax: +44 (0)1794 527 601
ISO9001
CERTIFIED
Revision 3.00/October 2003 © Semtech Corp.
Page 12
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