Application Note Rev. 1.20 / April 2014 ZSSC3170 LIN and PWM Interface Operation Multi-Market Sensing Platforms Precise and Deliberate ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation Contents 1 2 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1. LIN Output .................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2. PWM Outputs HOUT and LOUT .................................................................................................................. 4 Operational Modes .............................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1. Normal Operation Mode (NOM) ................................................................................................................... 4 2.2. Command Mode (CM) .................................................................................................................................. 5 2.3. Diagnostic Mode (DM) .................................................................................................................................. 5 3 Commands .......................................................................................................................................................... 6 4 Output Signal Settings ......................................................................................................................................... 6 5 Application Circuits .............................................................................................................................................. 9 5.1. LIN Output Signal ......................................................................................................................................... 9 5.2. HSS and LSS Output Signals (PWM Mode) ..............................................................................................10 6 Related Documents ...........................................................................................................................................12 7 Glossary ............................................................................................................................................................12 8 Document Revision History ...............................................................................................................................13 List of Figures Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2 Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2 Figure 4.3 Figure 4.4 Figure 5.1 Figure 5.2 Figure 5.3 Figure 5.4 ZSSC3170 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................................... 3 Pin Configurations for Die Package ....................................................................................................... 3 ZSSC3170 Software Main Window ....................................................................................................... 7 PWM Limits ............................................................................................................................................ 7 PWM Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 8 ZSSC3170 RAM-Register Menu ............................................................................................................ 8 LIN Application Circuit ........................................................................................................................... 9 High-Side Switch Application Circuit....................................................................................................10 Enabling PWM Output .........................................................................................................................10 Low-Side Switch Application Circuit ....................................................................................................11 Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 2 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 1 General This document describes ZSSC3170’s signal outputs and settings for the pulse width modulation (PWM) and Local Interconnect Network (LIN) interfaces. There are three pins used for signal outputs: LIN - LIN interface HOUT – PWM/HSS (high-side switch) LOUT – PWM/LSS (low-side switch) For normal operation in actual applications, there must be only one signal output that is configured and active. Idle outputs must not be connected. Figure 1.1 ZSSC3170 Block Diagram * I2C™ is a trademark of NXP. Figure 1.1 provides a block diagram of the ZSSC3170. An important advantage of this mixed-signal device is that noise sensitivity is greatly reduced because the calibration equipment and the ZSSC3170 are connected digitally. Figure 1.2 Pin Configurations for Die Package DIE 1 VSSA 2 SDA 3 SCL 4 VDD 5 HOUT 6 VB 7 ZSSC3170 VDDA 19 VTN2 18 17 VBR_T VBR_T 16 VTN1 15 VBP 14 13 VBR_B VBR_B 12 VBN Notes: LOUT For exact bond pad positions, please refer to the document ZSSC3170 Technical Note – Dice and Package Dimensions (see section 6). LIN The backside of the die is electrically connected to the potential VSS and VSSA within the package. 11 VSSE 8 10 VSS Application Note April 21, 2014 9 Drawing not true to scale. © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 3 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 1.1. LIN Output The output of the integrated LIN transceiver at the LIN pin is compliant with LIN revisions 2.1, 2.0 and 1.3. For details, refer to ZSSC3170 LIN Interface Description. For LIN Physical Layer Conformance Tests, the control pins of the integrated LIN transceiver can be accessed separately in the LIN Conformance Test Mode. 1.2. PWM Outputs HOUT and LOUT In PWM mode, the output signal is provided at the HOUT or LOUT pin. The outputs are protected from short circuit overload by current limiters and time monitoring. Driving the signal lines with slew-rate-limited edges reduces electromagnetic emission. At the HOUT pin, a voltage higher than the maximum supply voltage can be tolerated. The notably low leakage current of the LOUT pin is designed to cover the requirements of some unique electronic control units (ECU). 2 Operational Modes The ZSSC3170 supports three operational modes. For each mode, signal outputs behave differently: Normal Operational Mode (NOM) Command Mode (CM) Diagnostic Mode (DM) 2.1. Normal Operation Mode (NOM) Either the LIN or PWM interface can be active in NOM. Using both interfaces simultaneously during NOM is not available. LIN Mode: LIN communication is always accessible. This is used for reading the sensor signal using a publisher frame or for end-of-line configuration and calibration using transport layer services in response to communication requests of the LIN master. PWM Mode: In NOM, the ZSSC3170 provides a PWM signal via the HOUT or LOUT pin. Upon power-up, if no START_CM command (see section 3) is received during the 30ms start window, the ZSSC3170 enters NOM and begins transmitting measurement results via the PWM signal, and it is no longer possible to send commands to the ZSSC3170 via the PWM pins without cycling power off and on. If instead a START_CM is received during the start window, the ZSSC3170 enters Command Mode (CM) and waits for further commands. To enter NOM from CM, send the STRT_CYC_EEP or STRT_CYC_RAM command (see section 3). Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 4 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 2.2. Command Mode (CM) In CM, a full set of commands is accessible. LIN Mode: It is always possible to change into Command Mode via transport layer communication by sending the START_CM command, but this is not intended for use in a running cluster in the application. PWM Mode: To enter CM from PWM Mode, a START_CM command must be sent during the start window (nominal 30ms). During this window, both PWM pins (LOUT and HOUT) are set to the recessive level (tri-state) and can receive LIN frames (using a data dump request with service identifier B4HEX). After the start window has expired, bi-communication via the LOUT and HOUT pins is no longer possible. When changes of the registers are required, the ZSSC3170’s EEPROM memory must be enabled for writing by sending the EEP_WRITE_EN command. 2.3. Diagnostic Mode (DM) The ZSSC3170 detects various failures. When a failure is detected, Diagnostic Mode (DM) is activated. LIN Mode: The DM is indicated by error flags contained in the LIN signal that is transmitted when responding to a publisher frame in NOM, so every read-out of the sensor signal includes failure status information. PWM Mode: The DM is indicated by output of the recessive level. Note that the recessive level depends on the selected output driver. During DM, LIN communication is possible via all output pins (LIN, HOUT, LOUT). This ensures that a nonconfigured device is accessible via LIN for end-of-line configuration. Transport layer service read-by-identifier (B2HEX) with frame identifier 20HEX returns an error code specifying the reason for DM activation. For more information and an error codes list, refer to the ZSSC3170 Functional Description. Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 5 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 3 Commands If the LIN pin is accessible, the START_CM command can be sent at any time even if the PWM output is active. However, in order to acquire data, calibrate, or configure via the LIN interface, the PWM output must be disabled. Key commands and respective LIN frames are described in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 LIN Commands Command 72HEX LIN frame (ZSSC3170 specific) LWT3c0087F05B47274FFFFFF START_CM 6CHEX EEP_WRITE_EN LW_3c0087F05B46CF742FFFF Description B4HEX – Data Dump; Start CM (to be sent with data 74HEX). Enable EEPROM write (to be sent with data F742HEX). 01HEX STRT_CYC_EEP LW_3c0087F05B401FFFFFFFF Start measurement cycle including initialization from EEPROM. 02HEX STRT_CYC_RAM LW_3c0087F05B402FFFFFFFF Start measurement cycle including initialization from RAM. - Error status LW_3c0087F06B220FF7FFFFF B2HEX – Read-By-Identifier; 20HEX – Frame Identifier; FF7FHEX – Wild Card (see the “Read-By-Identifier” section in the ZSSC3170 Functional Description). The communication protocol at all output pins is based on the LIN Data Link Layer. Note that LIN communication at the HOUT pin uses inverted signal levels compared to the LIN frame. For more information and a full list of commands, refer to the ZSSC3170 Functional Description and SSC Command Syntax. 4 Output Signal Settings The data stored in EEPROM at addresses 0FHEX to 13HEX determine the configuration of the ZSSC3170. Depending on the programmed output configuration, the corrected sensor signal is output as a PWM signal (highside switch or low-side switch) or as digital value within a LIN frame: LIN interface settings can be made by programming the configuration word CFGLIN (EEPROM/RAM address 0FHEX) and bit 15 of CFGAPP (EEPROM/RAM address 12HEX). PWM signal settings can be made by programming bits [10:6] of the configuration word CFGAPP (EEPROM/RAM address 12HEX). For more information, refer to the ZSSC3170 Functional Description. For each application, a configuration set must be established (generally prior to calibration) by programming the on-chip EEPROM for the operational modes (PWM and LIN): Output Signal Output Mode Select PWM or LIN mode according to application requirements. LIN Mode Select LIN compatibility to specification package LIN2.1, LIN2.0, or LIN1.3. PWM Mode Select the high-side switch (HSS) output on the HOUT pin or low-side switch (LSS) output on the LOUT pin. Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 6 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation The ZSSC3170 can be configured using the ZSSC3170 Evaluation Software, which provides read and write access to all the ZSSC3170 registers in a clear structure that hides the corresponding HEX commands behind buttons and pull-down menus. The main window of the software is shown in Figure 4.1. 2 The Evaluation Kit interfaces with the ZSSC3170 using I C™ or LIN. For more information, refer to the ZSSC3170 Evaluation Kit Description. Separate sections of the software set the LIN and the PWM configurations. Each has check boxes and drop-down controls that can be modified according to the target application. Figure 4.1 ZSSC3170 Software Main Window After the PWM is enabled, the signal limits should be defined in percentage of the maximum and minimum output value in the “Calibration” window of the software as shown in Figure 4.2. Figure 4.2 PWM Limits Note: LIN Sleep Mode should be disabled for proper PWM operation. Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 7 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation The PWM mode, slew rate, and the slope of the signal can also be configured in the main window as shown in Figure 4.3. Figure 4.3 PWM Settings PWM and LIN configuration changes can be made by typing the registers values directly in the RAM-Register window of the software. It can be opened by pressing the icon which is shown in Figure 4.1. This window can be used to perform read-write operations for both the RAM and the EEPROM memories. See Figure 4.4 for an example. Settings will take effect after writing them to the registers and running the NOM cycle again. After this, the ZSSC3170 will output a pulse-modulated signal. If PWM is enabled, communication via the LIN interface on the PWM pins will not be possible. To re-establish the LIN communication, the Command Mode must be started by pressing the CMD ON button. This will perform a power cycle and send the START_CM command in the start-up window. Application Note April 21, 2014 Figure 4.4 ZSSC3170 RAM-Register Menu © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 8 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 5 Application Circuits The basic application circuits for each output signal are described in this section. 5.1. LIN Output Signal Figure 5.1 LIN Application Circuit Temp. Sensor Sensor Bridge ZSSC3170 Application Circuit LIN Mode 10 11 LIN LOUT VBN 12 13 VBR_B 14 VBR_B VBP 15 VTN2 VTN1 16 18 19 VBR_T 17 VBR_T n.c. VSS 9 8 VSSE 5 VDD 7 4 SCL VB 3 SDA 6 2 VSSA HOUT 1 VDDA ZSSC3170 Die n.c. D1 VBAT R1 10W LIN SDA SCL VDD C1 100nF C2 220nF C3 220pF GND The ZSSC3170 can be directly connected to the battery in this application via the protective diode (D1) and current limiting resistor (R1) in applications where the maximum voltage drop does not exceed 1V. This circuit also requires a few external capacitors for noise immunity. In this schematic, the LOUT and HOUT pins are not connected and not used. The LIN interface requires a ground connection to the VSS pin. All necessary LIN settings can be configured after entering the Command Mode (CM) via the LIN interface or 2 the I C™interface (if connected). The ZSSC3170 Evaluation Kit Software can also be used to configure the ZSSC3170 as described in the ZSSC3170 Evaluation Kit Description. After starting the ZSSC3170 Evaluation Software, simply choose “LIN – CB – USB” interface from the “Interface Selection” section and make all necessary changes for the LIN modes, frames, filters, and other services in the “LIN Config” section. Then update the RAM and EEPROM registers by clicking the Write RAM and RAM-->EEP buttons. Note that enable PWM should not be checked; otherwise, the output signal will be directed to HOUT or LOUT respectively after starting the NOM. The LIN interface is now configured, and the ZSSC3170 calibration and application settings can be made with the target application or for the end-of-line calibration and data acquisition. Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 9 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 5.2. HSS and LSS Output Signals (PWM Mode) As shown in Figure 5.2 and Figure 5.4, for PWM applications, the LIN and VSS pins are not connected. There is an extra capacitor on the HOUT or LOUT pins for filtering. Its value depends on the target application signal line and the EMC environment. Figure 5.2 High-Side Switch Application Circuit n.c. n.c. VBN LOUT LIN 11 10 ZSSC3170 Application Circuit PWM Mode with High-Side Switch 12 13 VBR_B VBP 14 VBR_B 15 VTN1 16 VBR_T 17 VBR_T Sensor Bridge 18 19 VTN2 Temp. Sensor ZSSC3170 Die 3 4 5 6 7 8 SDA SCL VDD HOUT VB VSSE VSS 2 VSSA 9 1 VDDA VSS D1 VBAT R1 27W HSS SDA SCL VDD C1 100nF C3 4.7nF C2 470nF GND To setup and configure the ZSSC3170, the Command Mode must be entered during the startup window (30ms). Note that the HSS output on the HOUT pin has inverted signal levels due to the internal pull-down resistor. When using the Evaluation Kit Software, all necessary settings can be made before starting the NOM and starting the data acquisition. Figure 5.3 Enabling PWM Output First, the PWM signal should be enabled by checking the enable PWM box shown in Figure 5.3. Limits and other settings can be adjusted in the “Calibration” window of the software as well as the PWM off-value percentage difference and off-filter parameter. Note: LIN Sleep Mode should be disabled for proper PWM operation. Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 10 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation Figure 5.4 Low-Side Switch Application Circuit Temp. Sensor Sensor Bridge ZSSC3170 Application Circuit PWM Mode with Low-Side Switch 11 10 LIN LOUT VBN 12 13 VBR_B VBP 14 VBR_B 15 VTN2 VTN1 16 18 19 VBR_T 17 VBR_T n.c. 3 4 5 6 7 8 SDA SCL VDD HOUT VB VSSE VSS 2 VSSA 9 1 VDDA ZSSC3170 Die VSS n.c. D1 VBAT R1 27W LSS SDA SCL VDD C1 100nF C2 220nF C3 2.2nF GND The PWM output signal depends on the following settings: ADC resolution, mode, and order: The output signal is synchronized with the measurement cycle and ADC conversion time. The resulting PWM maximum resolution is displayed in the “PWM Config” section. PWM Mode: High or low side switch. PWM Slope: The slope of the PWM signal is controlled by monitoring either the voltage or the current at the PWM output. If checked, voltage control is activated. If not checked, current control is activated. PWM Slew Rate: Primarily used to set the slew rate for certain EMC requirements. Next, settings can be written into the registers by clicking Write RAM and RAM-->EEP, and NOM can be started by clicking Cyc_EEP or Cyc_RAM. Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 11 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 6 Related Documents Note: X_xy refers to the current revision of the document, and x_yy refers to the current firmware version. Document File Name* ZSSC3170 Data Sheet ZSSC3170_Data_Sheet_rev_X_xy.pdf ZSSC3170 Functional Description ZSSC3170_Functional_Description_rev_X_xy.pdf SSC Command Syntax Spreadsheet** SSC_CommandSyntax_Rev_x_yy.xls ZSSC3170 Evaluation Kit Description ZSSC3170_Evaluation_Kit_Description_Rev_X_xy.pdf ZSSC3170 LIN Interface Description * ZSSC3170_LIN_Interface_Description_Rev_X_xy.pdf ZSSC3170 High Voltage Protection Description * ZSSC3170_HighVoltageProt_Rev_X_xy.pdf ZSSC3170 Technical Note – Dice and Package Dimensions *** ZSSC3170_TN_DicePackagePin_Rev_*.pdf. Visit the ZSSC3170 product page (www.zmdi.com/zssc3170) on ZMDI’s website www.zmdi.com or contact your nearest sales office for the latest version of these documents. * Documents marked with an asterisk (*) require a login account for access on the web. For detailed instructions, visit www.zmdi.com/login-account-setup-procedure. ** Documents marked with a double asterisk (**) are available on ZMDI’s SSC Tools web page www.zmdi.com/ssc-tools. *** Documents marked with three asterisks (***) are available only on request. See page 13 for ZMDI contact information. 7 Glossary Term Description ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter AFE Analog Front End DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter MUX Multiplexer PGA Programmable Gain Amplifier PWM Pulse Width Modulation Application Note April 21, 2014 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 12 of 13 ZSSC3170 Application Note—LIN and PWM Interface Operation 8 Document Revision History Revision Date Description 1.00 December 31, 2012 First release 1.10 August 28, 2013 PWM operation and LIN Sleep mode incompatibility notes added. 1.20 April 21, 2014 SSOP package removed. Sales and support contacts updated. Related documents updated. Sales and Further Information www.zmdi.com [email protected] Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG Global Headquarters Grenzstrasse 28 01109 Dresden, Germany ZMD America, Inc. 1525 McCarthy Blvd., #212 Milpitas, CA 95035-7453 USA Central Office: Phone:+49.351.8822.306 Fax: +49.351.8822.337 USA Phone +855.275.9634 Phone +408.883.6310 Fax +408.883.6358 European Technical Support Phone +49.351.8822.7.772 Fax +49.351.8822.87.772 DISCLAIMER: This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change without notice. Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG (ZMD AG) assumes no obligation regarding future manufacture unless otherwise agreed to in writing. The information furnished hereby is believed to be true and accurate. However, under no circumstances shall ZMD AG be liable to any customer, licensee, or any other third party for any special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages of any kind or nature whatsoever arising out of or in any way related to the furnishing, performance, or use of this technical data. ZMD AG hereby expressly disclaims any liability of ZMD AG to any customer, licensee or any other third party, and any such customer, licensee and any other third party hereby waives any liability of ZMD AG for any damages in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of this technical data, whether based on contract, warranty, tort (including negligence), strict liability, or otherwise. European Sales (Stuttgart) Phone +49.711.674517.55 Fax +49.711.674517.87955 Application Note April 21, 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG, Japan Office 2nd Floor, Shinbashi Tokyu Bldg. 4-21-3, Shinbashi, Minato-ku Tokyo, 105-0004 Japan ZMD FAR EAST, Ltd. 3F, No. 51, Sec. 2, Keelung Road 11052 Taipei Taiwan Phone +81.3.6895.7410 Fax +81.3.6895.7301 Phone +886.2.2377.8189 Fax +886.2.2377.8199 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG, Korea Office U-space 1 Building 11th Floor, Unit JA-1102 670 Sampyeong-dong Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do, 463-400 Korea Phone +82.31.950.7679 Fax +82.504.841.3026 © 2014 Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden AG — Rev. 1.20 All rights reserved. The material contained herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information furnished in this publication is subject to changes without notice. 13 of 13