19-4956; Rev 0; 9/09 KIT ATION EVALU E L B AVAILA GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers Features The MAX2657/MAX2658 high-gain, low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) are designed for GPS L1, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. Designed in Maxim’s advanced SiGe process, the devices achieve a high gain and an ultra-low-noise figure while maximizing the input-referred 1dB compression point and the 3rd-order intercept point. ♦ High-Power Gain: 19dB (MAX2657) The MAX2657/MAX2658 operate from a +1.6V to +3.3V single supply. The MAX2657 is optimized for low current. The MAX2658 is optimized for high linearity. The shutdown feature in the device reduces the supply current to be less than 1µA. The MAX2657/MAX2658 are available in a very small, lead-free, RoHS-compliant, 0.86mm x 1.26mm x 0.65mm, wafer-level package (WLP). ♦ Low Bill of Materials: One Inductor, Two Capacitors ♦ Ultra-Low-Noise Figure: 0.8dB ♦ Integrated 50Ω Output Matching Circuit ♦ Low Supply Current: 4.1mA (MAX2657) ♦ Wide Supply Voltage Range: 1.6V to 3.3V ♦ Small Footprint: 0.86mm x 1.26mm ♦ Thin Profile: 0.65mm ♦ 0.4mm-Pitch Wafer-Level Package (WLP) Applications Ordering Information Automotive Navigation Location-Enabled Mobile Devices Telematics (Asset Tracking and Management) Personal Navigation Devices (PNDs) Cellular Phones with GPS PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX2657EWT+T -40°C to +85°C 6 WLP MAX2658EWT+T -40°C to +85°C 6 WLP +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape and reel. Notebook PCs/Ultra-Mobile PCs Recreational, Marine Navigation Avionics Watches Pin Configuration/Typical Application Circuit + A1 SHDN MAX2657 MAX2658 A2 RFOUT RF OUTPUT BIAS VCC C1 RF INPUT L1 RFIN B1 B2 VCC C2 GND C1 L1 = 6.2nH (MAX2657) C1 = 820pF (MAX2657) C2 = 33nF C2 GND L1 = 2.7nH (MAX2658) C1 = 1500pF (MAX2658) ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX2657/MAX2658 General Description MAX2657/MAX2658 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +3.6V Other Pins to GND .................-0.3V to (+ Operating VCC + 0.3V) Maximum RF Input Power ...............................................+5dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 6-Bump WLP (derates 10.5mW/°C above +70°C) ........840mW Maximum Current into RF Input ..........................................10mA Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s)..........Reflow Profile (Note 1) Note 1: Refer to Application Note 1891: Wafer-Level Packaging (WLP) and Its Applications. CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, no RF signals are applied. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Supply Voltage Supply Current SHDN = high MIN TYP MAX UNITS 1.6 2.85 3.3 V MAX2657 4.1 MAX2658 7.7 Shutdown mode, SHDN = low mA 1 Digital Input Logic-High 1.2 µA V Digital Input Logic-Low Digital Input Current 0.45 V 1 µA AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER RF Frequency CONDITIONS MIN L1 band VCC = 2.85V Power Gain VCC = 1.6V TYP 1575.42 MAX2657 19.5 MAX2658 17.7 MAX2657 19.4 MAX2658 17.6 VCC = 1.8V 0.8 VCC = 3.3V 0.8 In-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept (Note 3) Point MAX2657 -3.5 MAX2658 +4.5 Out-of-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept Point MAX2657 +2.5 MAX2658 +8 Noise Figure 2 (Note 4) _______________________________________________________________________________________ MAX UNITS MHz dB dB dBm dBm GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers MAX2657/MAX2658 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. VCC = 1.6V to 3.3V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Input 1dB Compression point (Note 5) MIN TYP MAX2657 -12.5 MAX2658 -10 MAX UNITS dBm Input Return Loss 10 dB Output Return Loss 15 dB Reverse Isolation 30 dB Min and max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +85°C and guaranteed by design and characterization at TA = -40°C and TA = +25°C. Measured with the two tones located at 1MHz and 2MHz offset from the center of the GPS band with -30dBm/tone for MAX2657 and -27dBm/tone for MAX2658. Measured with input tones at 1713MHz (-25dBm) and 1851MHz (-49dBm). Measured with a tone located at 5MHz offset from the center of the GPS band. Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) GAIN vs. FREQUENCY MAX2657 20 MAX2658 -30 GAIN (dB) -15 -20 MAX2657 -25 |S12| (dB) 15 -10 |S11| (dB) MAX2658 REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY -20 MAX2657 toc03 MAX2658 MAX2657 toc01 -5 25 MAX2657 toc02 INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 0 10 5 -10 -35 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX2657 -60 -5 1000 -50 0 -30 500 -40 2000 2500 500 1000 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2500 -70 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) IIP3 (dBm) -10 MAX2658 -15 6 -2 -40˚C -3 -40˚C 4 +25˚C +25˚C -20 MAX2657 toc06 -1 IIP3 (dBm) MAX2657 8 MAX2657 toc05 0 MAX2657 toc04 -5 MAX2658 IN-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND 2MHz OFFSET WITH -30dBm/TONE) MAX2657 IN-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND 2MHz OFFSET WITH -35dBm/TONE) OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 0 |S22| (dB) 2 -4 +85˚C +85˚C -25 1000 1500 0 -5 2500 2000 1.6 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 1.6 3.2 1.8 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 MAX2658 OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -25dBm; TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -49dBm) MAX2657 OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -25dBm; TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -49dBm) 10 MAX2657 toc07 3 2.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) MAX2657 toc08 500 9 +85˚C 2 8 +25˚C +85˚C 1 IIP3 (dBm) IIP3 (dBm) MAX2657/MAX2658 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers -40˚C 7 +25˚C 6 0 -40˚C 5 4 -1 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 4 2.8 3.0 3.2 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.2 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers MAX2658 INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE MAX2657 INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE +85˚C -14 +25˚C -15 +85˚C -10 INPUT P1dB (dBm) -13 -11 -12 +25˚C -16 -13 -40˚C -17 MAX2657 toc10 -12 INPUT P1dB (dBm) -9 MAX2657 toc09 -11 -40˚C -18 -14 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 2.8 3.0 3.2 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX2657/MAX2658 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2657/MAX2658 EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX2657/MAX2658 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers Pin Description BUMP NAME A1 SHDN FUNCTION A2 RFOUT B1 RFIN RF Input. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor and external matching components. B2 VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 33nF capacitor as close as possible to the IC. C1, C2 GND Ground. Connect to the PCB ground plane. Shutdown Input. A logic-low disables the device. RF Output. RFOUT is internally matched to 50Ω and incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor. Detailed Description The MAX2657/MAX2658 are LNAs designed for GPS L1, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. The devices feature a power-shutdown control mode to eliminate the need for an external supply switch. The devices achieve a high gain and an ultra-low-noise figure. Input and Output Matching The MAX2657/MAX2658 require an off-chip input matching. Only an inductor in series with a DC-blocking capacitor is needed to form the input matching circuit. The Typical Application Circuit shows the recommended input-matching network. These values are optimized for the best simultaneous gain, noise figure, and return loss performance. Tables 1 and 2 list typical device S parameters and K f values. The MAX2657/MAX2658 integrate an on-chip output matching to 50Ω at the output, eliminating the need for external matching components. The value of the input coupling capacitor affects IIP3. A smaller coupling capacitor results in lower IIP3. Shutdown The MAX2657/MAX2658 include a shutdown feature to turn off the entire chip. Apply a logic-high to the SHDN pin to place the part in the active mode, and a logic-low to place the part in the shutdown mode. Applications Information A properly designed PCB is essential to any RF microwave circuit. Use controlled-impedance lines on all high-frequency inputs and outputs. Bypass VCC with decoupling capacitors located close to the device. For long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add decoupling capacitors. Locate these additional capacitors further away from the device package. Proper grounding of the GND pins is essential. If the PCB uses a topside RF ground, connect it directly to the GND pins. For a board where the ground is not on the component layer, connect the GND pins to the board with multiple vias close to the package. Table 1. MAX2657 Typical S-Parameter Values and K-Factor 6 S11 PHASE (Degrees) S21 MAG (dB) S21 PHASE (Degrees) S12 MAG (dB) S12 PHASE (Degrees) S22 MAG (dB) S22 PHASE (Degrees) FREQ. (MHz) S11 MAG (dB) 1000 -2.0 -47.7 6.0 -100.0 -47.5 -148.0 -1.0 -55.0 5.1 1100 -2.1 -48.6 7.4 -100.6 -45.7 -150.0 -1.0 -58.1 3.8 1200 -2.2 -51.6 9.6 -107.3 -42.9 -153.5 -1.4 -65.4 3.1 1300 -2.4 -55.0 12.0 -117.2 -39.6 -160.2 -2.1 -74.1 2.5 1400 -2.7 -58.6 14.0 -129.5 -37.0 -168.5 -3.6 -85.5 2.3 Kf 1500 -6.5 -61.9 16.2 -146.5 -34.1 178.5 -7.4 -100.0 2.8 1575 -4.3 -62.3 17.1 -164.2 -32.9 162.8 -15.3 -100.8 2.1 1600 -4.6 -61.6 17.3 -170.6 -32.8 156.6 -20.6 -78.9 2.0 1.8 1700 -5.4 -55.3 17.1 165.5 -32.5 136.5 -9.5 10.0 1800 -5.2 -49.8 15.7 145.8 -33.8 121.6 -4.5 -2.4 1.6 1900 -4.8 -47.3 13.9 135.2 -35.2 113.8 -2.7 -13.2 1.6 2000 -4.5 -46.7 12.7 127.3 -36.7 109.6 -1.8 -21.2 1.5 _______________________________________________________________________________________ GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers FREQ. (MHz) S11 MAG (dB) S11 PHASE (Degrees) S21 MAG (dB) S21 PHASE (Degrees) S12 MAG (dB) S12 PHASE (Degrees) S22 MAG (dB) S22 PHASE (Degrees) MAX2657/MAX2658 Table 2. MAX2658 Typical S-Parameter Values and K-Factor Kf 1000 -3.0 -57.0 10.8 -120.0 -43.0 -154.0 -1.3 -65.0 3.2 1100 -3.3 -58.2 11.6 -124.5 -42.1 -155.0 -1.6 -70.2 3.3 1200 -3.5 -60.0 13.4 -134.6 -39.3 -160.5 -2.4 -79.6 2.8 1300 -3.8 -62.3 14.9 -148.0 -37.2 -168.3 -4.0 -90.0 2.7 1400 -4.3 -63.3 15.9 -162.3 -35.4 -178.2 -7.3 -101.0 2.7 1500 -4.9 -62.0 16.6 -178.9 -33.9 171.0 -14.5 -100.6 2.6 1575 -5.3 -59.7 16.6 168.0 -33.5 161.7 -19.6 -26.0 2.5 1600 -5.4 -58.5 16.5 163.9 -33.6 157.5 -16.7 -6.0 2.5 1700 -5.5 -53.7 15.8 149.3 -33.6 148.3 -9.0 3.6 2.3 1800 -5.3 -50.3 14.7 136.8 -34.2 142.5 -5.7 -2.8 2.2 1900 -5.1 -48.0 13.4 130.0 -35.1 139.6 -4.0 -9.6 2.3 2000 -4.9 -46.3 12.7 123.9 -35.8 138.6 -3.0 -15.0 2.1 Table 3. MAX2657 Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C) FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN (dB) |ΓOPT| |ΓOPT| ANGLE RN (Ω) 1550 0.68 0.44 47.7 8.39 1560 0.68 0.44 48.1 8.38 1570 0.68 0.44 48.3 8.37 1575 0.68 0.44 48.5 8.36 1580 0.68 0.44 48.6 8.36 1590 0.68 0.44 48.9 8.35 1600 0.68 0.44 49.2 8.34 Table 4. MAX2658 Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C) FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN (dB) |ΓOPT| |ΓOPT| ANGLE RN (Ω) 1550 0.68 0.28 88.0 4.48 1560 0.68 0.28 88.4 4.48 1570 0.68 0.28 88.8 4.48 1575 0.68 0.28 89.0 4.48 1580 0.68 0.28 89.2 4.48 1590 0.69 0.28 89.6 4.47 1600 0.69 0.28 90.0 4.47 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX2657/MAX2658 GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers Package Information Chip Information PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 6 WLP W61B1+1 21-0217 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 8 _____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.