A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER Description Pin Assignments NEW PRODUCT The AP3125A/V/L/R is a current mode PWM controller which is optimized for high performance, low standby power and cost effective offline flyback converters. (Top View) The PWM switching frequency at normal operation is internally fixed (about 65kHz). In middle load, the IC will enter green mode to improve system efficiency with the help of frequency foldback. A minimum switching frequency (about 20kHz) is set to avoid the audible noise. In no load or light load, the IC will enter the burst mode to minimize standby power. Furthermore, the frequency dithering function is built-in to reduce EMI emission. Pin 1 Mark Internal slope compensation allows more stable Peak-Current Mode control over wide range of input voltage and load conditions. Internal line compensation ensures constant output power limit over entire universal line voltage range. Comprehensive protection features are included, such as cycle-bycycle current limit (OCP), VCC Over Voltage Protection (VOVP), internal OTP, Over Load Protection (OLP) and pins’ fault protection. The versatile latch functions can be implemented using a minimal number of external components. GND 1 6 GATE FB 2 5 VCC CTRL 3 4 SENSE SOT26 Features Applications Very Low Start-up Current Current Mode Control Non-audible-noise Green-mode Control Internal Slope Compensation Soft Start During Startup Process Frequency Fold Back for High Average Efficiency Secondary Winding Short Protection with FOCP Soft Switching for Reducing EMI VCC Maintain Mode Useful Pin Fault Protection: SENSE Pin Floating CTRL Pin Short to Ground FB/Opto-coupler Open/Short Comprehensive System Protection Feature: VCC Over Voltage Protection (VOVP) Over Load Protection (OLP) Optional Latch Mode for VOVP, OLP and CTRL Pin Protection Mini Size Package of SOT26 Pin to Pin Compatible with AP3105NA/NV/NL/NR Totally Lead-free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3) Notes: Switching AC-DC Adapter/Charger ATX/BTX Auxiliary Power Set-top Box (STB) Power Supply Open Frame Switching Power Supply 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 1 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Typical Applications Circuit L2 + T1 C6 R6 R4 C2 C5 R13 C7 C8 ~ - R5 ~ NEW PRODUCT R19 C4 R14 C3 NTC R2 U1 R8 R3 VCC GATE R10 C1 R9 CTRL AP3125A/V/L/R F1 VR1 R7 R15 SENSE C10 C11 R11 R16 R12 AZ431 R17 C9 FB NTC GND R18 ~ Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name 1 GND 2 FB 3 CTRL 4 SENSE 5 VCC Supply voltage of driver and control circuits 6 GATE Gate driver output AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 Function Signal ground. Current return for driver and control circuits Feedback. Directly connected to the opto-coupler Latch trigger if this pin voltage drops below a threshold or over another threshold, leave CTRL pin open if this function is not needed. Connecting a NTC thermistor to GND can achieve OTP protection Current Sense 2 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Functional Block Diagram VCC 16V 7.6V 5 NEW PRODUCT 32V FB VDD Auto Recovery Protection VCC_OVP OLP FOCP CTRL_H OTP VCC_OVP VCC Latch-off Protection CTRL_L 28V Soft Start 2 Internal Bias UVLO 6 13V Driver GATE VDD SS D OSC with Frequency Jitter DFF Q CLK RB 0.3V 2R GND 1.3V 70mS OLP Debounce 1 VDD 250ns LEB R SS CTRL_H 3V 100mA CTRL 10k PWM 1.80V 4 3 CTRL_L FOCP 1V 0.6V 4.5V SENSE 0.95V Line Compensation AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 OCP OTP o o 150 C /125 C 3 of 13 www.diodes.com AP3125A/V/L/R July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4) Symbol Parameter VCC IO NEW PRODUCT VFB, VSENSE, VCTRL Rating Unit Power Supply Voltage 30 V Gate Output Current 350 mA -0.3 to 7 V Input Voltage to FB, SENSE, CTRL θJA Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient) 250 °C/W PD Power Dissipation at TA < +25°C 500 mW TJ Operating Junction Temperature -40 to +150 °C Storage Temperature Range +150 °C – ESD (Human Body Model) 3000 V – ESD (Machine Model) 300 V TSTG Note 4: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol VCC Parameter Supply Voltage AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 4 of 13 www.diodes.com Min Max Unit 10 25 V July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25°C, VCC = 16V, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit – – 1 10 μA VFB=0V, CL=1nF 0.5 0.7 1 VFB=3V, CL=0nF 0.6 1.2 2.0 Supply Voltage (VCC Pin) ISTARTUP NEW PRODUCT ICC Startup Current Operating Supply Current mA – UVLO (on) – 14.5 15.8 16.5 V – VCC Maintain – 8.6 9.1 9.6 V – UVLO (off) – 7.1 7.6 8.1 V – VCC OVP – 27 28.5 30 V – VCC Clamp 31 34 – V ICC=5mA PWM Section/Oscillator Section – Maximum Duty Cycle – 70 75 80 % – Oscillation Frequency – 60 70 kHz – Green Mode Frequency – 20 65 – 30 kHz – Frequency Temperature Stability -20°C to 125°C (Note 5) – – 5 % – Frequency Voltage Stability VCC=12V to 30V – – 3 % ±4 ±6 ±8 % 0.9 0.95 1 V – – Frequency Dithering Current Sense Section (SENSE Pin) VCS VFB=4.5V Maximum SENSE Voltage – FOCP Voltage – 1.5 1.7 1.9 V – LEB Time of SENSE – 150 250 350 ns – Delay to Output (Note 5) – – 100 – ns – Soft-start Time – 3 5 8 ms – 2.5 3 3.5 V/V – 12 15 18 kΩ -0.2 -0.27 -0.34 mA Feedback Input Section (FB Pin) The Ratio of Input Voltage to – Current Sense Voltage – Input Impedance – Source Current – Green Mode Threshold – – 2.1 – V – Input Voltage for Zero Duty – 1.3 1.55 1.8 V VFB=0V Output Section (GATE Pin) – Output Low Level IO=20mA, VCC=12V – – 1 V – Output High Level IO=20mA, VCC=12V 8 – – V – Output Clamping Voltage 11 13 15 V – Rising Time (Note 5) CL=1nF, VCC=13V – 150 250 ns – Falling Time (Note 5) CL=1nF, VCC=13V – 50 100 ns AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 – 5 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Electrical Characteristics (Cont.) (@TA = +25°C, VCC = 16V, unless otherwise specified.) NEW PRODUCT Protection Section (CTRL Pin) – Source Current – 90 100 110 μA – Internal Reference Voltage – – 1.9 – V – Low Threshold Trigger for Latch – 0.94 1 1.06 V – High Threshold Trigger for Latch – 2.85 3 3.15 V – Pull-up Current (Note 6) – – – 2 mA – Delay of Short Circuit Protection – – 70 – ms – Delay of Hiccup Protection – 5 – Cycles Delay Time Section VCC OVP Internal OTP Section – OTP Enter – – 150 – °C – OTP Exit – – 125 – °C Note 5: Guaranteed by design. Note 6: The sourcing current of CTRL pin must be limited below 5mA. Otherwise it may cause permanent damage to the device. AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 6 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Performance Characteristics 18 9.0 17 8.5 Shutdown Voltage (V) Startup Voltage (V) Shutdown Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 16 15 14 8.0 7.5 7.0 13 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 6.5 -40 140 -20 0 o 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Startup Current vs. Ambient Temperature Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature 2.0 0.9 1.8 VFB=3V, CL=0 1.6 Operating Current (mA) 0.8 Startup Current (mA) NEW PRODUCT Startup Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.5 -40 140 o -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Tempture ( C) CTRL Utilization for Latch VCC VCC CTRL CTRL NTC OVP and OTP AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 VCC NTC CTRL NTC OVP 7 of 13 www.diodes.com OTP July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R NEW PRODUCT Operation Description The AP3125A/V/L/R is specifically designed for off-line AC-DC power supply used in LCD monitor, notebook adapter and battery charger applications. It offers a cost effective solution with a versatile protection function. It is well known that a continuous current mode SMPS may become unstable when the duty cycle exceeds 50%. The built-in slope compensation can improve the stability, so there is no need for design engineer to spend much time on that. Start-up Current and UVLO FB Pin and Short Circuit Protection The start-up current of AP3125A/V/L/R is optimized to realize ultra low current (1mA typical) so that VCC capacitor can be charged more quickly. The direct benefit of low start-up current is the availability of using large start-up resistor, which minimizes the resistor power loss for high voltage AC input. An UVLO comparator is included in AP3125A/V/L/R to detect the voltage on VCC pin. It ensures that AP3125A/V/L/R can draw adequate energy from hold-up capacitor during power-on. The turnon threshold is 16V and the turn-off threshold is 7.6V. This pin is normally connected to the opto-coupler and always paralleled with a capacitor for loop compensation. When the voltage at this pin is greater than 4.5V and lasts for about 70ms, the IC will enter the protection mode. For AP3125A/V/L/R, the system will enter hiccup mode to wait the VCC decreasing to low UVLO level, then the IC will try to restart until the failure removed. And when this voltage is less than 1.55V, the IC will stop the drive pulse immediately. Therefore, this feature can be used for short circuit protection, which makes the system immune from damage. Normally, output short makes the VFB value to the maximum because the opto-coupler is cut off. Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch VCC Maintain Mode The AP3125A/V/L/R operates as a current mode controller, the output switch conduction is initiated by every oscillator cycle and is terminated when the peak inductor current reaches the threshold level established by the FB pin. The inductor current signal is converted to a voltage signal by inserting a reference sense resistor RS. The inductor current under normal operating conditions is controlled by the voltage at FB pin. The relation between peak inductor current (IPK) and VFB is: During light load or step load, VFB will drop and be lower than 1.55V, thus the PWM drive signal will be stopped, and there is no more new energy transferred due to no switching. Therefore, the IC supply voltage may reduce to the shutdown threshold voltage and system may enter the unexpected restart mode. To avoid this, the AP3125A/V/L/R hold a so-called VCC maintain mode which can supply energy to VCC. I PK (VFB 0.8) / 3RS Moreover, FOCP with 1.8V threshold is only about 100ns delay, which can avoid some catastrophic damages such as secondary rectifier short test. Few drive cycles can alleviate the destruction range and get better protection. Leading-edge Blanking A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current waveform can usually be observed when the power MOSFET is turned on. A 250ns leading-edge blank is built-in to prevent the false-triggering caused by the turn-on spike. During this period, the current limit comparator is disabled and the gate driver can not be switched off. At the time of turning off the MOSFET, a negative undershoot (maybe larger than -0.3V) can occur on the SENSE pin. So it is strongly recommended to add a small RC filter or at least connect a resistor “R” on this pin to protect the IC (Shown as Figure 1). 5 VCC 3 CTRL GATE 6 AP3125A/ V/L/R 1 GND System Protection and Pin Fault Protection The AP3125A/V/L/R provides versatile system and pin fault protections. The OCP comparator realizes the cycle-by-cycle current limiting (OCP). In universal input line voltage, the IC realizes the constant over load protection (OLP). VCC over voltage protection can be applied as the primary OVP or opto-coupler broken protection. The AP3125A/V/L/R also has pin fault connection protection including floating and short connection. The floating pin protection includes the SENSE, FB, etc. The short pin protection includes the CTRL pin short protection. When these pins are floated or CTRL pin is shorted to ground, PWM switching will be disabled, thus protecting the power system. Necessary R Latch Protection Function SENSE 4 FB 2 When VCC decreases to a setting threshold, the VCC maintain comparator will output some drive signal to make the system switch and provide a proper energy to VCC pin. The V CC maintain function will cooperate with the PWM and burst mode loop which can make the output voltage variation be within the regulation. This mode is very useful for reducing startup resistor loss and achieving a better standby performance with a low value VCC capacitor. The VCC is not easy to touch the shutdown threshold during the startup process and step load. This will also simplify the system design. The minimum VCC voltage is suggested to be designed a little higher than VCC maintain threshold thus can achieve the best balance between the standby and step load performance。 C Large undershoot (more than -0.3V) may damage the SENSE pin Figure 1 Built-in Slope Compensation AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 For some applications, the system requires the latch protection function. The CTRL pin has two kinds of modes to trigger the latch protection: high level trigger and low level trigger. The low threshold is 1V and high threshold voltage is 3V. Some version will have only one mode. Once the latch protection is triggered, the IC will disable the output signal, and the bulk capacitor provides the energy to IC through the startup resistor to ensure the IC disable the output (latch mode). This mode will be not released until the AC input is shut off. So, the de-latch time is mainly depending on the HV startup bulk capacitor value. Therefore, if the system wants a short de-latch time, it is better for the startup resistor take power from the point before the rectifier bridge as illustrated in Figure 2. 8 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Operation Description (Cont.) Internal OTP Protection Function AC Mains (90V to 265V) NEW PRODUCT The AP3125A/V/L/R integrates an internal temperature sensor. It has a trigger window of +150°C enter and +125°C exit. The internal OTP protection mode is auto-recovery mode. CBUS 5 3 VCC CTRL GATE 6 AP3125A/V/L/R 2 FB SENSE 4 GND 1 Figure 2 AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 9 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Ordering Information AP3125XX XX XX - G1 NEW PRODUCT Product Name Product Version* A : AP3125A V : AP3125V L : AP3125L R : AP3125R Package Packing RoHS/Green K : SOT26 TR : Tape & Reel G1 : Green Diodes IC’s Pb-free products with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and green. Package Part Number Marking ID Packing AP3125AKTR-G1 GLS 3000/Tape & Reel AP3125VKTR-G1 GLU 3000/Tape & Reel AP3125LKTR-G1 GNB 3000/Tape & Reel AP3125RKTR-G1 GNC 3000/Tape & Reel SOT26 *Product Version Classification (with Different Protection Functions) Product Version Frequency VOVP OLP & SOCP CTRL (Low) CTRL (High) AP3125A 65kHz Auto-Recoverable Auto-Recoverable Latch Auto-Recoverable AP3125V 65kHz Latch Auto-Recoverable Latch Latch AP3125L 65kHz Latch Latch Latch Latch AP3125R 65kHz Auto-Recoverable Auto-Recoverable Auto-Recoverable Latch Marking Information (Top View) : Logo XXX: Marking ID (See Ordering Information) AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 10 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm(inch).) (1) Package Type: SOT26 0° 8° 3.100(0.122) 0.300(0.012) 0.500(0.020) 0.200(0.008) 5 4 2 3 0.300(0.012) 0.600(0.024) 1.500(0.059) 1.700(0.067) 6 2.650(0.104) 3.000(0.118) NEW PRODUCT 2.820(0.111) Pin 1 Mark 1 0.700(0.028)REF 0.950(0.037)TYP 0.000(0.000) 0.150(0.006) 1.800(0.071) 2.000(0.079) 0.100(0.004) 0.200(0.008) 0.900(0.035) 1.450(0.057) MAX 1.300(0.051) AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 11 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R Suggested Pad Layout (1) Package Type: SOT26 NEW PRODUCT E E Y G Z X Dimensions Z (mm)/(inch) G (mm)/(inch) X (mm)/(inch) Y (mm)/(inch) E (mm)/(inch) Value 3.600/0.142 1.600/0.063 0.700/0.028 1.000/0.039 0.950/0.037 AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 12 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated AP3125A/V/L/R IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems. Copyright © 2014, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com AP3125A/V/L/R Document number: DS36660 Rev. 2 - 2 13 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2014 © Diodes Incorporated