DATA SHEET SKY12228-12LF: High IIP3, 0.7 to 1.0 GHz Variable Attenuator Applications Control Current Control Current RF In/Out RF In/Out Automatic power leveling/gain control circuits in cellular base stations and point-to-point radio IF chains General wireless systems including LTE, WCDMA, VSAT, and military communications Features 202500-001 0.7 to 1.0 GHz broadband operating range Attenuation range: >18.5 dB Low insertion loss: 0.7 dB High IIP3: +60 dBm typical Low current consumption: <2 mA @ maximum attenuation SOIC (8-pin, 6.0 x 4.9 mm) package (MSL3, 260 C per JEDEC J-STD-020) Figure 1. SKY12228-12LF Block Diagram TM Skyworks Green products are compliant with all applicable legislation and are halogen-free. For additional information, refer to Skyworks Definition of GreenTM, document number SQ04–0074. Description The SKY12228-12LF is a current-controlled variable attenuator from Skyworks series of high third order input intercept point (IIP3) components. The device has been designed to operate over the 0.7 to 1.0 GHz frequency band, but is specifically optimized for use as a wide dynamic range, low distortion attenuator. The SKY12228-12LF provides monotonic attenuation performance over its entire control current range. This attenuator is comprised of a pair of matched PIN diodes that terminate two ports of its internal 90-degree hybrid coupler. The diodes are biased using an external control current signal. The attenuator operates with a control current range of 0 to 1.5 mA. A functional block diagram is shown in Figure 1. The pin configuration and package are shown in Figure 2. Signal pin assignments and functional pin descriptions are provided in Table 1. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 202500E • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • March 24, 2016 1 GND GND RF_OUT 7 6 5 1 2 3 4 GND GND RF_IN I_CONTROL 8 I_CONTROL DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR 202500-002 Figure 2. SKY12228-12LF Pinout (Top View) Table 1. SKY12228-12LF Signal Descriptions Pin Name Description Pin Name Description 1 I_CONTROL Control current input (current applied is nominally equal to the current applied to pin 8) 5 RF_OUT RF output. Input and output are interchangeable. 2 GND Ground. Must be connected to PCB ground using lowest possible inductance path. 6 GND Ground. Must be connected to PCB ground using lowest possible inductance path. 3 GND Ground. Must be connected to PCB ground using lowest possible inductance path. 7 GND Ground. Must be connected to PCB ground using lowest possible inductance path. 4 RF_IN RF input. Input and output are interchangeable. 8 I_CONTROL Control current input (current applied is nominally equal to the current applied to pin 1) Technical Description The SKY12228-12LF is comprised of a matched pair of silicon PIN attenuator diodes and a hybrid coupler. Each of the PIN diodes terminate a coupled ouptut of the coupler. The impedance of these diodes is controlled by a current applied from an external source. At 0 mA bias, the impedance of the diode is very large. As the impedance of these diodes varies from a very large magnitude to 50 Ω, the insertion loss between the input (pin 4) and output (pin 5) ports of the hybrid varies from low to maximum attenuation. If the bias current is increased beyond the value that produces a 50 Ω resistance in each diode, the attenuation between the input and output decreases. Diodes D1 and D2 are RF terminations, so it is important to provide the control current to these diodes using low-pass filters. Each of the filters has a 100 nH series inductor and a shunt 220 pF capacitor. The values of these components are selected for best DC bypassing and RF blocking of the RF signals present at the anodes of both diodes. A 1.6 kΩ resistor serves as a voltage-to-current converter. In the forward biased state, the DC voltage produced across D1 and D2 is roughly 0.7 V. The total control current to the PIN diodes is approximated by the following equation: I CONTROL VCONTROL 0.7 1600 Approximately 50 percent of the control current (ICONTROL) flows equally through each diode. The forward voltages are very well matched since both diodes are manufactured on a single die. The control voltage (VCONTROL) should be varied from 0 V for minimum attenuation up to a voltage that produces the appropriate current to force each of the PIN diodes to produce 50 Ω and, therefore, maximum attenuation. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 2 March 24, 2016 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 202500E DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR Electrical and Mechanical Specifications Performance characteristics for the SKY12228-12LF are illustrated in Figures 3 through 6. The absolute maximum ratings of the SKY12228-12LF are provided in Table 2. Electrical specifications are provided in Table 3. Table 2. SKY12228-12LF Absolute Maximum Ratings1 Parameter Symbol Minimum Maximum Units 10 V 0.5 4.0 W W Reverse diode voltage VREVERSE RF input power: CW @ 12.5% duty cycle PIN Control current ICONTROL 50 mA Storage temperature TSTG –65 +125 C Operating temperature TOP –40 +85 C 1 Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may reduce device reliability. There is no damage to device with only one parameter set at the limit and all other parameters set at or below their nominal value. Exceeding any of the limits listed here may result in permanent damage to the device. CAUTION: Although this device is designed to be as robust as possible, electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage this device. This device must be protected at all times from ESD. Static charges may easily produce potentials of several kilovolts on the human body or equipment, which can discharge without detection. Industry-standard ESD precautions should be used at all times. Table 3. SKY12228-12LF Electrical Specifications1 (TOP = +25 C, ICONTROL = 0 to 1.5 mA, PIN = 0 dBm, Characteristic Impedance [ZO] = 50 Ω, Unless Otherwise Noted) Parameter Symbol Test Condition Min Insertion loss IL ICONTROL = 0 mA, f = 0.7 to 1.0 GHz Attenuation Attn ICONTROL = 1.5 mA, f = 0.85 GHz 18.5 Return loss RL ICONTROL = 0 mA, f = 0.7 to 1.0 GHz 9.5 Third order input intercept point IIP3 PIN = 0 dBm each tone, ICONTROL = 0 mA, spacing = 10 MHz, f = 0.7 to 1.0 GHz Switching characteristics: Rise, fall time On, off time tRISE, tFALL tON, tOFF 10/90% or 90/10% of RF 50% VCONTROL to 90/10% of RF Typical Max Units 0.7 1.5 dB 39.0 dB 22.0 dB +60 dBm 3 μs 2 μs 1 Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this table. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 202500E • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • March 24, 2016 3 DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR Typical Performance Characteristics 0 0 –5 –5 0V 1V 2V 3V 856 μA 1465 μA –30 1524 μA 3.1 V 3.2 V 3.3 V 3.4 V Return Loss (dB) –10 –15 –20 –25 0 μA 1585 μA –35 –40 –45 –50 0.70 1646 μA 1708 μA 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 0V 1V 2V 3V –10 –15 –20 –25 –30 –35 –40 –45 –50 0.70 1.00 0.75 0.80 0.90 0.95 +60 0 700 MHz 900 MHz 1100 MHz +55 700 MHz 900 MHz 1100 MHz –5 –10 +40 +35 202500-005 +30 +25 +20 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Control Voltage (V) Figure 5. IIP3 vs Control Voltage vs Frequency (Spacing = 10 MHz) –15 –20 –25 –30 202500-006 +45 Attenuation (dB) +50 0.5 1.00 Figure 4. Return Loss vs Frequency vs Control Voltage Figure 3. Insertion Loss vs Frequency vs Control Voltage IIP3 (dBm) 0.85 Frequency (GHz) Frequency (GHz) 0 3.1 V 3.2 V 3.3 V 3.4 V 202500-004 271 μA 202500-003 Insertion Loss (dB) (TOP = +25 C, VCONTROL = 0 to 3.0 V, PIN = 0 dBm, Characteristic Impedance [Zo] = 50 Ω, Unless Otherwise Noted) –35 –40 –45 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Control Current (μA) Figure 6. Attenuation vs Control Current vs Frequency Evaluation Board Description Package and Handling Information The SKY12228-12LF Evaluation Board is used to test the performance of the SKY12228-12LF variable attenuator. An assembly drawing for the Evaluation Board is shown in Figure 7, and the layer detail is provided in Figure 8. An Evaluation Board schematic is shown in Figure 9. Table 4 provides the Bill of Materials (BOM) list for Evaluation Board components. Since the device package is sensitive to moisture absorption, it is baked and vacuum packed before shipping. Instructions on the shipping container label regarding exposure to moisture after the container seal is broken must be followed. Otherwise, problems related to moisture absorption may occur when the part is subjected to high temperature during solder assembly. The attenuation level of the SKY12228-12LF is controlled by applying 0 to 3 V to the VCONTROL pin on the Evaluation Board (see Figure 7). The SKY12228-12LF is rated to Moisture Sensitivity Level 3 (MSL3) at 260 C. It can be used for lead or lead-free soldering. For additional information, refer to the Skyworks Application Note, Solder Reflow Information, document number 200164. Package Dimensions The PCB layout footprint for the SKY12228-12LF is shown in Figure 10. Typical part markings are shown in Figure 11. Package dimensions are shown in Figure 12, and tape and reel dimensions are provided in Figure 13. Care must be taken when attaching this product, whether it is done manually or in a production solder reflow environment. Production quantities of this product are shipped in a standard tape and reel format. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 4 March 24, 2016 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 202500E GND VCONTROL DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR RF_IN RF_OUT 202500-007 Figure 7. SKY12228-12LF Evaluation Board Assembly Diagram Cross Section Name Thickness (in) Material Top Soldermask L1 (0.0028) Cu foil 0.012 ± 0.0006 Rogers RO4003C Core L2 (0.0014) Cu foil Laminate (Note 1) FR4 Prepreg L3 (0.0014) Cu foil 0.010 ± 0.0006 FR4 Core (0.0028) Cu foil Laminate Laminate L4 Bottom Soldermask Note 1: Adjust this thickness to meet total thickness goal of 0.062 ± 0.005 inches. 202500-008 Figure 8. Layer Detail Physical Characteristics Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 202500E • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • March 24, 2016 5 DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR Control Voltage R1 1.6 kΩ C1 220 pF L1 100 nH C2 220 pF 8 1 I_CONTROL I_CONTROL 7 2 GND GND GND GND 6 3 5 4 C3 100 pF L2 100 nH RF_IN RF Input RF_OUT C4 100 pF RF Output 202500-009 Figure 9. SKY12228-12LF Evaluation Board Schematic Table 4. SKY12228-12LF Evaluation Board Bill of Materials Component C1, C2 Value Size 220 pF 0402 Manufacturer Part Number Murata GRM1555C1H221J C3, C4 100 pF 0402 Murata GRM1555C1H101J L1, L2 100 nH 0402 Coilcraft 0402CS-R10XJLU R1 1.6 kΩ 0402 Panasonic ERJ-2GEJ162X Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 6 March 24, 2016 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 202500E DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR 0.1630 0.0200 Diam. Via 4 Places 0.0555 Typ. 0.0190 Typ. Dimensions are in inches 202500-010 Figure 10. SKY12228-12LF PCB Layout Footprint Skyworks Part Number Date Code: (YY = Calendar Year WW = Week) Pin 1 Indicator 202500-011 Figure 11. Typical Part Markings (Top View) Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 202500E • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • March 24, 2016 7 DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR Pin 8 0.050 (1.27 mm) BSC 0.244 (6.20 mm) 0.228 (5.80 mm) Pin 1 Indicator 0.020 (0.51 mm) Max Pin 1 0.049 (1.24 mm) 0.016 (0.41 mm) 0.068 (1.73 mm) Max 0.197 (5.00 mm) 0.189 (4.80 mm) 0.010 (0.25 mm) 0.004 (0.10 mm) 0.016 Max. (0.41 mm) x 45° Chamfer 8° Max 0.158 (4.00 mm) 0.150 (3.80 mm) 0.010 (0.25 mm) 0.007 (0.17 mm) Dimensions are in inches (millimeters shown in parentheses) 202500-012 Figure 12. SKY12228-12LF Package Dimensions 8.00 ± 0.10 4.00 ± 0.10 Ø1.55 ± 0.05 1.75 ± 0.10 2.00 ± 0.05 Pin 1 A A 12.00 ± 0.30 –0.10 5.49 ± 0.10 (Bo) 5° Max 5.50 ± 0.05 B 0.292 ± 0.13 (T) B 1.68 ± 0.10 (Ko) Ø1.50 +0.25 Section B Notes: 8° Max 1. Carrier tape must meet all requirements of Skyworks GP01-D232 procurement spec for tape and reel shipping. 2. Carrier tape material: black conductive polycarbonate or polystyrene. 3. Cover tape material: transparent conductive pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) material with 9.30 mm width. 4. ESD surface resistivity shall be less than 1 x 108 Ohms/Square per EIA, JEDEC TNR specification. 5. All dimensions are in millimeters. 6.88 ± 0.10 (Ao) Section A 202500-013 Figure 13. SKY12228-12LF Tape and Reel Dimensions Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 8 March 24, 2016 • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • 202500E DATA SHEET • SKY12228-12LF: VARIABLE ATTENUATOR Ordering Information Model Name SKY12228-12LF: Variable Attenuator Manufacturing Part Number SKY12228-12LF Evaluation Board Part Number SKY12228-12LF-EVB Copyright © 2012-2013, 2015-2016 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Information in this document is provided in connection with Skyworks Solutions, Inc. (“Skyworks”) products or services. These materials, including the information contained herein, are provided by Skyworks as a service to its customers and may be used for informational purposes only by the customer. Skyworks assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in these materials or the information contained herein. Skyworks may change its documentation, products, services, specifications or product descriptions at any time, without notice. Skyworks makes no commitment to update the materials or information and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts, incompatibilities, or other difficulties arising from any future changes. No license, whether express, implied, by estoppel or otherwise, is granted to any intellectual property rights by this document. Skyworks assumes no liability for any materials, products or information provided hereunder, including the sale, distribution, reproduction or use of Skyworks products, information or materials, except as may be provided in Skyworks Terms and Conditions of Sale. 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Skyworks products are not intended for use in medical, lifesaving or life-sustaining applications, or other equipment in which the failure of the Skyworks products could lead to personal injury, death, physical or environmental damage. Skyworks customers using or selling Skyworks products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Skyworks for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using Skyworks products, which may deviate from published specifications as a result of design defects, errors, or operation of products outside of published parameters or design specifications. Customers should include design and operating safeguards to minimize these and other risks. Skyworks assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, or damage to any equipment resulting from the use of Skyworks products outside of stated published specifications or parameters. Skyworks and the Skyworks symbol are trademarks or registered trademarks of Skyworks Solutions, Inc., in the United States and other countries. Third-party brands and names are for identification purposes only, and are the property of their respective owners. Additional information, including relevant terms and conditions, posted at www.skyworksinc.com, are incorporated by reference. Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • [email protected] • www.skyworksinc.com 202500E • Skyworks Proprietary and Confidential Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • March 24, 2016 9