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Fujitsu Semiconductor (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
Application Note
MCU-AN-500003-E-11
F²MC-8FX FAMILY
8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER
MB95200H/210H SERIES
I/O PORT
APPLICATION NOTE
I/O PORT V1.1
Revision History
Revision History
Date
2008-03-20
2008-07-18
Author
Levi, Zhang
Levi, Zhang
Change of Records
V1.0, First Draft
V1.1, Delete description about I2C and external bus in 2.5 Pullup register; add URL in chapter 6 Additional Information
This manual contains 17 pages.
1. The products described in this manual and the specifications thereof may be changed without prior notice.
To obtain up-to-date information and/or specifications, contact your Fujitsu sales representative or Fujitsu
authorized distributor.
2. Fujitsu will not be liable for infringement of copyright, industrial property right, or other rights of a third party
caused by the use of information or drawings described in this manual.
3. The contents of this manual may not be transferred or copied without the express permission of Fujitsu.
4. The products contained in this manual are not intended for use with equipments which require extremely
high reliability such as aerospace equipment, undersea repeaters, nuclear control systems or medical
equipments for life support.
5. Some of the products described in this manual may be strategic materials (or special technology) as defined
by the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law. In such cases, the products or portions thereof
must not be exported without permission as defined under the law.
© 2008 Fujitsu Semiconductor (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 2
I/O PORT V1.1
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
REVISION HISTORY .............................................................................................................. 2 CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................ 3 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 4 2 I/O PORT............................................................................................................................ 5 2.1 Key Features ............................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Block Diagram ........................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Registers ................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.1 Port Data Register (PDR) ............................................................................ 6 2.3.2 Data Direction Register (DDR) .................................................................... 6 2.3.3 Pull-up Control Register (PUL) .................................................................... 6 2.3.4 Input level Selection Register (ILSR) .......................................................... 6 2.4 Input Mode ................................................................................................................ 7 2.4.1 Digital Port Input or Peripheral Function Input (except ADC) ...................... 7 2.4.2 ADC Input.................................................................................................... 7 2.5 Pull-up Register......................................................................................................... 7 2.6 Output Mode ............................................................................................................. 8 2.6.1 Digital Port Output ....................................................................................... 8 2.6.2 Resource Output ......................................................................................... 8 3 PORT INPUT / UNUSED PINS .......................................................................................... 9 3.1 Port Input / Unused Pins ........................................................................................... 9 4 TECHNICAL INFORMATION .......................................................................................... 11 4.1 Hysteresis Input ...................................................................................................... 11 5 TIPS AND TRICKS .......................................................................................................... 12 5.1 Initial Value ............................................................................................................. 12 5.2 Byte Instructions...................................................................................................... 12 5.3 RMW Instructions .................................................................................................... 12 6 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ......................................................................................... 13 7 APPENDIX ....................................................................................................................... 14 7.1 Index of Figures ...................................................................................................... 14 7.2 Sample Code .......................................................................................................... 15 7.2.1 Project Name: Digital_IO ........................................................................... 15 7.2.2 Project Name: ADC_Input ......................................................................... 16 7.2.3 Project Name: Peripheral_Output ............................................................. 17 MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 3
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 1 Introduction
1 Introduction
This application note describes how to use IO Port.
The application note describes the function and usage.
Please note that in this manual each port number is given with a 1-digit placeholder.
“x. yz” always means the bit position 0 - 7.
For example, “PDR0_P03” means Port 0 Bit 3.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 4
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 2 I/O Port
2 I/O Port
This chapter describes the basic functions of I/O port
2.1
2.2
Key Features
Operation as an output or an input port
Operation as a peripheral function output or input
Operation of pull-up control register
Operation of input level selection register
Block Diagram
Figure 2-1 shows the internal block diagram of an external I/O Port (Port G).
Up to 8 I/O-pins can be controlled within one register. The registers are described as follows.
Figure 2-1: Block Diagram of Port G
Please note that the block diagram only contains the basic functions of a general I/O Port,
such as input, output and pull-up resister.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 5
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 2 I/O Port
2.3
Registers
Please refer to Chapter 9 in Hardware Manual of MB95200H Series for detailed register
setting.
2.3.1 Port Data Register (PDR)
This register contains the data bits, if the corresponding port acts as a simple digital output.
The values are output values, if the Port Direction Register is set to output mode.
Please note that a resource output control bit overwrites the bit of PDR register bit.
PDRx_Pyz
Pin Function
0
Pin state low (VSS)
1
Pin state high (VDD)
2.3.2 Data Direction Register (DDR)
This register contains the bit information of the corresponding pins if they act as input or
output.
DDRx_Pyz
Peripheral Function Output
Pin Function
0
Disable
Port Input
1
Disable
Port Output
invalid
Enable
Peripheral Function Output
2.3.3 Pull-up Control Register (PUL)
This register connects an internal pull-up resistor to a port pin.
PULx_Pyz
Pull-up Resistor
0
Disable
1
Enable
Please see Data Sheet for the resistor value.
2.3.4 Input level Selection Register (ILSR)
With this register, one of the following input levels can be chosen.
ILSR
Input Level
VIL
VIH
0x04
CMOS
0.3 VCC
0.7 VCC
0x00
Hysteresis
0.3 VCC
0.7 VCC
Please note that only PDR0_P04 has this function.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 6
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 2 I/O Port
2.4
Input Mode
In general, if a pin acts as an input, the corresponding bit in the Data Direction Register
(2.3.2) should be set to “0”.
If the connected external source may change to high-Z state, please use an external pull-up
or pull-down resistor or set the corresponding bit in the Pull-up Register (2.3.3).
There are three kinds of input modes as follows:
Digital Input means the port is used as a general I/O.
ADC Input means the port is only used for analog input function.
Peripheral function Input means the port is used as a peripheral input such as
external interrupt input.
2.4.1 Digital Port Input or Peripheral Function Input (except ADC)
The following register settings shall be done, if a pin acts as a digital port or peripheral
function input.
DDRx_Pyz = 0;
AIDRL_Pyz = 1;
// Only if pin shares ADC input
2.4.2 ADC Input
The following register settings shall be done, if a pin acts as ADC input.
DDRx_Pyz = 0;
AIDRL_Pyz = 0;
2.5
// Only if pin shares ADC input
Pull-up Register
The P0 and PG ports in input mode may enable an internal pull-up resistor (about 50 KΩ,
please see Data Sheet for the exact value) by programming the pull-up register (2.3.3).
The initial value of “0” disconnects the internal pull-up resistor, writing “1” to the
corresponding bit in the PULx enables the resistor.
If the port-pin is used as an output, the value of the register bit has no meaning and the pullup resistor is disabled. (Exceptions: For UART output SOT, the internal pull-up resistor can
be used if not provided by line driver).
Enabled pull-up resistors will be disabled while the microcontroller is in stop mode or timer
mode.
The resistor is also disabled if the pin is used as ADC input.
For a pin shared with other peripheral functions, disable the output of such peripheral
functions. In addition, set the corresponding bit in the PUL register to “0”.
.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 7
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 2 I/O Port
2.6
Output Mode
There are two kinds of output modes as follows:
Digital output means the port is used as a general I/O.
Peripheral function output means the port is used as peripheral resource output such
as 8/16-bit composite timer's output.
2.6.1 Digital Port Output
The following register settings shall be done, if a pin acts as a digital port output.
DDRx_Pyz = 1;
PDRx_Pyx = [pin output state];
[Resource-Output enable] = 0; // disable resource output
Note that the resource output enable bit, which may share a port pin, shall be disabled for
digital port output function.
2.6.2 Resource Output
The following register settings shall be done, if a pin acts as a peripheral output.
[Resource-Output enable] = 1; // enable resource output
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 8
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 3 Port Input / Unused Pins
3 Port Input / Unused Pins
This chapter describes how to connect input port pins and how to proceed with unused pins
3.1
Port Input / Unused Pins
It is strongly recommended not to leave the pins unconnected, while they are switched to
input and are enabled. Otherwise, these pins may enter a so-called floating state. This may
cause a high ICC current, which is adverse to low power consumption modes, and may cause
a damage of the MCU.
In this case, use the internal pull-up resistors or use external pull-up or pull-down resistors to
define the input-level.
It is recommended to set the port input enable bit to “0”, if a port pin is unconnected.
Never connect a potential divider with almost the same resistor values.
Figure 3-1: Recommended Operation of Unconnected Pin
Take care of the connection of input pins with other devices, which may enter into High-Z
state. Always use internal pull-up or external pull-up or pull-down resistors in this case.
Outputs from external circuits should always be connected via a serial resistor to a MCU
input pin, in order to prevent latch-up caused by undershoots or overshoots.
Debouncing and decoupling capacitors should be chosen as small as possible.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 9
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 3 Port Input / Unused Pins
All pins are set to input enabled (i.e. corresponding DDR bits are set to “0”), after power-on
reset.
Do not connect any input port directly to VCC or VSS (GND)! Always use pull-up or pull-down
resistors.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 10
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 4 Technical information
4 Technical information
This chapter describes electrical characteristics related to hysteresis input
4.1
Hysteresis Input
A hysteresis indicates that the behaviours of input levels, at which ‘1’ is detected and the
level at which”0” is detected, are different.
Please refer to the section “ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS” in Data Sheet of
MB95200H/210H series for detailed description.
Kindly note that the power supply current (i.e. the power consumption) of the device may
increase, while the input voltage is within the hysteresis area. However, the input current of
I/O pin remains constant.
Figure 4-1: Power Consumption Level on Hysteresis Input
VIL
Port hysteresis input level (low-level) specified in Data Sheet
VIH
Port hysteresis input level (high-level) specified in Data Sheet
Hysteresis area
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 11
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 5 Tips and Tricks
5 Tips and Tricks
This chapter gives some hints on using I/O port.
5.1
Initial Value
Take care that the port data is defined before the pin direction is changed to output.
Otherwise, the undefined data might be output to I/O pin, until PDRx is written.
PDRx = initial_value;
DDRx = 0xff;
5.2
// define initial value before port is set to
output
// set port x to output, after initial value is
defined
Byte Instructions
Instead of bit instructions, use byte-instructions which will be executed faster.
5.3
RMW Instructions
Accessing to the Port Data Register (2.3.1) via a read-modify-write instruction always returns
register value during a read cycle (of the same read-modify-write instruction), no matter
whether the resource output of the corresponding pin is enabled or not.
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 12
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 6 Additional Information
6 Additional Information
For more information on FUJITSU SEMICONDUCTOR products, please visit the following
websites:
English version:
http://www.fujitsu.com/cn/fsp/services/mcu/mb95/application_notes.html
Simplified Chinese Version:
http://www.fujitsu.com/cn/fss/services/mcu/mb95/application_notes.html
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 13
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 7 Appendix
7 Appendix
7.1
Index of Figures
Figure 2-1: Block Diagram of Port G ........................................................................................ 5 Figure 3-1: Recommended Operation of Unconnected Pin ..................................................... 9 Figure 4-1: Power Consumption Level on Hysteresis Input ................................................... 11 MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 14
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 7 Appendix
7.2
Sample Code
7.2.1 Project Name: Digital_IO
I/O Port is used as a digital input and output
main.c
#include “mb95200.h”
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------name: Init();
function: initial I/O Port as digital input or output
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void Init (void)
{
PDR0_P00 = 1;
DDR0_P00 = 1;
// set P0_P00 output
PDR0_P01 = 0;
AIDRL_P01 = 1;
// disable AN1 input
DDR0_P01 = 0;
// set P0_P01 input
PDR6_P62 = 1;
DDR6_P62 = 1;
// set P6_P62 output
PDR6_P63 = 0;
DDR6_P63 = 0;
// set P6_P63 input
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------name: main ();
function: main loop
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
Init ();
while(1);
}
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 15
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 7 Appendix
7.2.2 Project Name: ADC_Input
I/O Port is used as analog input
main.c
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------name: Init();
function: initial I/O Port as analog input
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void Init (void)
{
DDR0_P01 = 0;
// P0_P01 inputs
AIDRL_P01 = 0;
// enable AN1 input
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------name: main ();
function: main loop
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void main (void)
{
Init ();
while(1);
}
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 16
I/O PORT V1.1
Chapter 7 Appendix
7.2.3 Project Name: Peripheral_Output
IO Port is used as Peripheral Output (e.g. 8/16-bit composite timer)
main.c
#include "mb95200.h"
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------name: InitCompTimer();
function: initial timer for interval timer (One-shot) function
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void InitCompTimer (void)
{
T00DR = 0xFF;
// set count value
TMCR0 = 0x00;
// 8-bit, no filtering
T00CR0 = 0x00;
// interval timer with one-shot mode
T00CR1 = 0x00;
// disable interrupt
T00CR1_OE = 1;
// enable output
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------name: main();
function: main loop, P0_P05 will be output while counter value
matches with pre-set value
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void main(void)
{
InitCompTimer();
T00CR1_STA = 1;
// start timer
while(1)
{
while (T00CR1_STA == 0)
{
T00CR1_STA = 1;
}
}
}
MCU-AN-500003-E-11 – Page 17