18.7MB

The following document contains information on Cypress products.
New 8FX
MB95710L/770L Series
MB95710M/770M Series
8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER
HARDWARE MANUAL
MB90880???? Cover Sheet
Hardware Manual
Publication Number MB95F718M_MN702-00014
Revision 3.0
Issue Date April 25, 2014
New 8FX
MB95710L/770L Series
MB95710M/770M Series
8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER
HARDWARE MANUAL
MB90880???? Cover Sheet
Hardware Manual
Spansion provides information facilitating product development via the following website.
The website contains information useful for customers.
http://www.spansion.com/Support/microcontrollers/
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PREFACE
■ The Purpose and Intended Readership of This Manual
Thank you very much for your continued special support for Spansion products.
The MB95710L/770L Series is a line of products developed as general-purpose products in the
New 8FX family of proprietary 8-bit single-chip microcontrollers applicable as applicationspecific integrated circuits (ASICs). The MB95710L/770L Series can be used for a wide range
of applications from consumer products including portable devices to industrial equipment.
Intended for engineers who actually develop products using the MB95710L/770L Series of
microcontrollers, this manual describes its functions, features, and operations. You should read
through the manual.
For details on individual instructions, refer to "F2MC-8FX Programming Manual".
This manual is written to explain the respective configurations and operations of peripheral
functions, but not to provide specifications of a device.
For detailed specifications of a device, refer to its data sheet.
■ Trademark
Note: F2MC is a trademark of Spansion LLC.
The company names and brand names in this document are the trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective owners.
■ Sample Programs
Spansion Inc. provides sample programs free of charge to operate the peripheral resources of
the New 8FX family of microcontrollers. Feel free to use such sample programs to check the
operational specifications and usages of Spansion microcontrollers.
Note that sample programs are subject to change without notice. As these pieces of software
are offered to show standard operations and usages, evaluate them sufficiently before use with
your system. Spansion Inc. assumes no liability for any damages whatsoever arising out of the
use of sample programs.
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How to Use This Manual
■ Finding a function
The following methods can be used to search for details of a peripheral function in this manual:
•
Searching from CONTENTS
CONTENTS lists the contents in this manual in the order of description.
•
Searching from registers
The address at which a register is located is not mentioned in this manual. To check the
address of a register, refer to "■ I/O MAP" in the device data sheet.
■ Chapters
This manual explains one peripheral function in one chapter.
■ Terminology
This manual uses the following terminology.
Term
Explanation
Word
Indicates an access in unit of 16 bits.
Byte
Indicates an access in unit of 8 bits.
■ Notations
The notations in "■ Register Configuration" in this manual are explained below:
•
bit: bit number
•
Field: bit field name
•
Attribute: Attributes for read access and write access of each bit
- R: Read-only
- W: Write-only
- R/W: Readable/Writable
- —: Undefined
•
Initial value: Initial value of a bit after a reset
- 0: The initial value is "0".
- 1: The initial value is "1".
- X: The initial value is undefined.
Multiple bits are indicated in this manual in the following way.
- Example 1: bit7:0 represents bit7 to bit0.
- Example 2: SCM[2:0] represents SCM2 to SCM0.
The values such as those indicating addresses are written in this manual in the following ways:
- Hexadecimal number: The prefix "0x" is attached to the beginning of a value
(e.g.: 0xFFFF).
- Binary number: The prefix "0b" is attached to the beginning of a value (e.g.: 0b1111).
- Decimal number: Only the number is used (e.g.: 1234).
In this manual, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1
1.1
MEMORY ACCESS MODE .............................................................. 1
Memory Access Mode ......................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER 2
CPU .................................................................................................. 3
2.1
Dedicated Registers ............................................................................................................ 4
2.1.1
Register Bank Pointer (RP) ............................................................................................ 6
2.1.2
Direct Bank Pointer (DP) ................................................................................................ 7
2.1.3
Condition Code Register (CCR) ..................................................................................... 9
2.2
General-purpose Register ................................................................................................. 11
2.3
Placement of 16-bit Data in Memory ................................................................................. 13
CHAPTER 3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5
3.4
3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
CLOCK CONTROLLER ................................................................. 15
Overview ............................................................................................................................
Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time ....................................................................................
Registers ...........................................................................................................................
System Clock Control Register (SYCC) .......................................................................
PLL Control Register (PLLC) ........................................................................................
Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time Setting Register (WATR) .......................................
Standby Control Register (STBC) ................................................................................
System Clock Control Register 2 (SYCC2) ..................................................................
Clock Modes ......................................................................................................................
Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby Mode) ........................................
Notes on Using Standby Mode .....................................................................................
Sleep Mode ..................................................................................................................
Stop Mode ....................................................................................................................
Time-base Timer Mode ................................................................................................
Watch Mode .................................................................................................................
Clock Oscillator Circuit ......................................................................................................
Overview of Prescaler .......................................................................................................
Configuration of Prescaler .................................................................................................
Operation of Prescaler .......................................................................................................
Notes on Using Prescaler ..................................................................................................
CHAPTER 4
RESET ............................................................................................ 59
4.1
Reset Operation ................................................................................................................
4.2
Register .............................................................................................................................
4.2.1
Reset Source Register (RSRR) ....................................................................................
4.3
Notes on Using Reset ........................................................................................................
CHAPTER 5
16
24
27
28
30
31
33
35
37
42
43
46
47
49
51
52
53
54
55
57
60
64
65
68
INTERRUPTS ................................................................................. 69
5.1
Interrupts ...........................................................................................................................
5.1.1
Interrupt Level Setting Registers (ILR0 to ILR5) ...........................................................
5.1.2
Interrupt Processing .....................................................................................................
5.1.3
Nested Interrupts ..........................................................................................................
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5.1.5
5.1.6
Interrupt Processing Time ............................................................................................ 76
Stack Operation During Interrupt Processing ............................................................... 77
Interrupt Processing Stack Area ................................................................................... 78
CHAPTER 6
6.1
6.2
86
87
89
90
94
95
97
HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER .......................... 99
Overview ..........................................................................................................................
Configuration ...................................................................................................................
Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
Register ...........................................................................................................................
Watchdog Timer Control Register (WDTC) ................................................................
Notes on Using Watchdog Timer .....................................................................................
CHAPTER 9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.5.1
9.6
TIME-BASE TIMER ........................................................................ 85
Overview ............................................................................................................................
Configuration .....................................................................................................................
Interrupt .............................................................................................................................
Operations and Setting Procedure Example .....................................................................
Register .............................................................................................................................
Time-base Timer Control Register (TBTC) ...................................................................
Notes on Using Time-base Timer ......................................................................................
CHAPTER 8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.4.1
8.5
I/O PORT ....................................................................................... 79
Overview ............................................................................................................................ 80
Configuration and Operations ............................................................................................ 81
CHAPTER 7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.5.1
7.6
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100
101
103
106
107
109
WATCH PRESCALER ................................................................. 111
Overview ..........................................................................................................................
Configuration ...................................................................................................................
Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
Register ...........................................................................................................................
Watch Prescaler Control Register (WPCR) ................................................................
Notes on Using Watch Prescaler .....................................................................................
112
113
115
116
119
120
122
CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER ...................................................................... 123
10.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
10.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
10.3 Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
10.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
10.5 Registers .........................................................................................................................
10.5.1 Watch Counter Data Register (WCDR) ......................................................................
10.5.2 Watch Counter Control Register (WCSR) ..................................................................
10.6 Notes on Using Watch Counter .......................................................................................
124
125
127
128
130
131
132
133
CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION ...................................................... 135
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
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Overview ..........................................................................................................................
Configuration ...................................................................................................................
Operations .......................................................................................................................
Registers .........................................................................................................................
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11.4.1 Wild Register Data Setting Registers (WRDR0 to WRDR2) ......................................
11.4.2 Wild Register Address Setting Registers (WRAR0 to WRAR2) .................................
11.4.3 Wild Register Address Compare Enable Register (WREN) .......................................
11.4.4 Wild Register Data Test Setting Register (WROR) ....................................................
11.5 Typical Hardware Connection Example ..........................................................................
141
142
143
144
145
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER ..................................................... 147
12.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
12.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
12.3 Channel ...........................................................................................................................
12.4 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
12.5 Interrupts .........................................................................................................................
12.6 Operation of Interval Timer Function (One-shot Mode) ...................................................
12.7 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Continuous Mode) ...............................................
12.8 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode) ....................................................
12.9 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode) ..................................................
12.10 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle Mode) ..............................................
12.11 Operation of PWC Timer Function ..................................................................................
12.12 Operation of Input Capture Function ...............................................................................
12.13 Operation of Noise Filter ..................................................................................................
12.14 Registers .........................................................................................................................
12.14.1 8/16-bit Composite Timer Status Control Register 0 (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0) ...................
12.14.2 8/16-bit Composite Timer Status Control Register 1 (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1) ...................
12.14.3 8/16-bit Composite Timer Timer Mode Control Register (TMCRn) ............................
12.14.4 8/16-bit Composite Timer Data Register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) .........................................
12.15 Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer .......................................................................
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150
153
154
155
156
158
160
162
164
166
168
170
171
172
175
179
181
184
CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT ............................................. 187
13.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
13.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
13.3 Channels .........................................................................................................................
13.4 Pin ...................................................................................................................................
13.5 Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
13.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
13.7 Register ...........................................................................................................................
13.7.1 External Interrupt Control Register (EIC) ....................................................................
13.8 Notes on Using External Interrupt Circuit ........................................................................
188
189
190
191
192
193
195
196
198
CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT ..................................... 199
14.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
14.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
14.3 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
14.4 Operation .........................................................................................................................
14.5 Register ...........................................................................................................................
14.5.1 Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit Control Register (WICR) .............................................
14.6 Notes on Using Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit ................................................................
200
201
203
204
205
206
208
CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER ......................................................... 209
15.1
Overview .......................................................................................................................... 210
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15.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
15.3 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
15.4 Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
15.5 Enabling Operation of 8/12-bit A/D Converter .................................................................
15.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
15.7 Registers .........................................................................................................................
15.7.1 8/12-bit A/D Converter Control Register 1 (ADC1) .....................................................
15.7.2 8/12-bit A/D Converter Control Register 2 (ADC2) .....................................................
15.7.3 8/12-bit A/D Converter Control Register 3 (ADC3) .....................................................
15.7.4 8/12-bit A/D Converter Data Register (Upper/Lower) (ADDH/ADDL) .........................
15.8 Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D Converter ...........................................................................
211
214
215
216
217
220
221
223
225
227
228
CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT ..................................... 231
16.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
16.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
16.3 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
16.4 Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
16.5 Operations .......................................................................................................................
16.6 Register ...........................................................................................................................
16.6.1 LVD Control Register (LVDC) .....................................................................................
232
233
234
235
236
239
240
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER .............................................. 243
17.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
17.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
17.3 Operations .......................................................................................................................
17.4 Registers .........................................................................................................................
17.4.1 Clock Monitoring Data Register (CMDR) ....................................................................
17.4.2 Clock Monitoring Control Register (CMCR) ................................................................
17.5 Notes on Using Clock Supervisor Counter ......................................................................
244
245
247
252
253
254
256
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG ............................................................................... 259
18.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
18.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
18.3 Channel ...........................................................................................................................
18.4 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
18.5 Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
18.6.1 8-bit PPG Independent Mode .....................................................................................
18.6.2 8-bit Prescaler + 8-bit PPG Mode ...............................................................................
18.6.3 16-bit PPG Mode ........................................................................................................
18.7 Registers .........................................................................................................................
18.7.1 8/16-bit PPG timer n1 Control Register (PCn1) ..........................................................
18.7.2 8/16-bit PPG timer n0 Control Register (PCn0) ..........................................................
18.7.3 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 Cycle Setup Buffer Register (PPSn1/PPSn0) ....................
18.7.4 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 Duty Setup Buffer Register (PDSn1/PDSn0) .....................
18.7.5 8/16-bit PPG Start Register (PPGS) ...........................................................................
18.7.6 8/16-bit PPG Output Reverse Register (REVC) .........................................................
18.8 Notes on Using 8/16-bit PPG ..........................................................................................
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263
264
265
266
267
269
271
274
275
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER .............................................................. 287
19.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
19.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
19.3 Channel ...........................................................................................................................
19.4 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
19.5 Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
19.6.1 Internal Clock Mode ....................................................................................................
19.6.2 Event Count Mode ......................................................................................................
19.7 Registers .........................................................................................................................
19.7.1 16-bit Reload Timer Control Status Register (Upper) ch. n (TMCSRHn) ...................
19.7.2 16-bit Reload Timer Control Status Register (Lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn) ....................
19.7.3 16-bit Reload Timer Timer Register (Upper/Lower) ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn) ..............
19.7.4 16-bit Reload Timer Reload Register (Upper/Lower) ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) ...
19.8 Notes on Using 16-bit Reload Timer ...............................................................................
288
290
292
293
294
295
297
301
303
304
306
308
309
310
CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER ....................................................................... 311
20.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
20.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
20.3 Operations in Even Counter Operation Mode .................................................................
20.4 Setting Procedure Example .............................................................................................
20.5 Frequency Measurement Range and Frequency Measurement Precision .....................
20.6 Register ...........................................................................................................................
20.6.1 Event Counter Control Register (EVCR) ....................................................................
20.7 Notes on Using Event Counter ........................................................................................
312
313
315
318
321
322
323
325
CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO ..................................................................................... 327
21.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
21.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
21.3 Channel ...........................................................................................................................
21.4 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
21.5 Interrupts .........................................................................................................................
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
21.6.1 Operations in Operation Mode 0 ................................................................................
21.6.2 Operations in Operation Mode 1 ................................................................................
21.7 Registers .........................................................................................................................
21.7.1 UART/SIO Serial Mode Control Register 1 ch. n (SMC1n) ........................................
21.7.2 UART/SIO Serial Mode Control Register 2 ch. n (SMC2n) ........................................
21.7.3 UART/SIO Serial Status and Data Register ch. n (SSRn) ..........................................
21.7.4 UART/SIO Serial Input Data Register ch. n (RDRn) ..................................................
21.7.5 UART/SIO Serial Output Data Register ch. n (TDRn) ................................................
328
329
331
332
333
334
335
342
348
349
351
353
355
356
CHAPTER 22 UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR ................ 357
22.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
22.2 Channel ...........................................................................................................................
22.3 Operations .......................................................................................................................
22.4 Registers .........................................................................................................................
22.4.1 UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator Prescaler Select Register ch. n
(PSSRn) .....................................................................................................................
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UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator Baud Rate Setting Register ch. n
(BRSRn) ..................................................................................................................... 363
CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE .................................................................. 365
23.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
23.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
23.3 Channel ...........................................................................................................................
23.4 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
23.5 Interrupts .........................................................................................................................
23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
23.6.1 l2C Bus Interface ........................................................................................................
23.6.2 Function to Wake up the MCU from Standby Mode ...................................................
23.7 Registers .........................................................................................................................
23.7.1 I2C Bus Control Register 0 ch. n (IBCR0n) ................................................................
23.7.2 I2C Bus Control Register 1 ch. n (IBCR1n) ................................................................
23.7.3 I2C Bus Status Register ch. n (IBSRn) .......................................................................
23.7.4 I2C Data Register ch. n (IDDRn) ................................................................................
23.7.5 I2C Address Register ch. n (IAARn) ...........................................................................
23.7.6 I2C Clock Control Register ch. n (ICCRn) ..................................................................
23.8 Notes on Using I2C Bus Interface ....................................................................................
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367
370
371
372
374
375
383
385
386
389
392
395
396
397
399
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES) ................................. 401
24.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 402
24.2 Configuration ................................................................................................................... 403
24.2.1 Internal Divider Resistors of LCD Controller ............................................................... 406
24.2.2 External Divider Resistor for LCD Controller .............................................................. 410
24.3 Pins .................................................................................................................................. 412
24.4 Display RAM .................................................................................................................... 413
24.5 Interrupt ........................................................................................................................... 415
24.6 Operations ....................................................................................................................... 416
24.6.1 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4 COM Mode
(1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 421
24.6.2 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4 COM Mode
(1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 422
24.6.3 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4 COM Mode
(1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 424
24.6.4 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8 COM Mode
(1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 426
24.6.5 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8 COM Mode
(1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 428
24.7 Registers ......................................................................................................................... 430
24.7.1 LCDC Control Register 1 (LCDCC1) .......................................................................... 431
24.7.2 LCDC Control Register 2 (LCDCC2) .......................................................................... 433
24.7.3 LCDC Enable Register 1 (LCDCE1) ........................................................................... 435
24.7.4 LCDC Enable Register 2 (LCDCE2) ........................................................................... 437
24.7.5 LCDC Enable Register 3 (LCDCE3) ........................................................................... 439
24.7.6 LCDC Enable Register 4 (LCDCE4) ........................................................................... 441
24.7.7 LCDC Enable Register 5 (LCDCE5) ........................................................................... 443
24.7.8 LCDC Enable Register 6 (LCDCE6) ........................................................................... 445
24.7.9 LCDC Enable Register 7 (LCDCE7) ........................................................................... 447
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24.7.10 LCDC Blinking Setting Register 1 (LCDCB1) ............................................................. 449
24.7.11 LCDC Blinking Setting Register 2 (LCDCB2) ............................................................. 452
24.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller ....................................................................................... 455
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES) ................................. 457
25.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 458
25.2 Configuration ................................................................................................................... 459
25.2.1 Internal Divider Resistors of LCD Controller ............................................................... 462
25.2.2 External Divider Resistor for LCD Controller .............................................................. 466
25.3 Pins .................................................................................................................................. 468
25.4 Display RAM .................................................................................................................... 469
25.5 Interrupt ........................................................................................................................... 471
25.6 Operations ....................................................................................................................... 472
25.6.1 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4 COM Mode
(1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 477
25.6.2 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4 COM Mode
(1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 478
25.6.3 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4 COM Mode
(1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 480
25.6.4 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8 COM Mode
(1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 482
25.6.5 Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8 COM Mode
(1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty) ..................................................................................................... 484
25.7 Registers ......................................................................................................................... 486
25.7.1 LCDC Control Register 1 (LCDCC1) .......................................................................... 487
25.7.2 LCDC Control Register 2 (LCDCC2) .......................................................................... 489
25.7.3 LCDC Enable Register 1 (LCDCE1) ........................................................................... 491
25.7.4 LCDC Enable Register 2 (LCDCE2) ........................................................................... 493
25.7.5 LCDC Enable Register 3 (LCDCE3) ........................................................................... 495
25.7.6 LCDC Enable Register 4 (LCDCE4) ........................................................................... 497
25.7.7 LCDC Enable Register 5 (LCDCE5) ........................................................................... 499
25.7.8 LCDC Enable Register 6 (LCDCE6) ........................................................................... 501
25.7.9 LCDC Blinking Setting Register 1 (LCDCB1) ............................................................. 503
25.7.10 LCDC Blinking Setting Register 2 (LCDCB2) ............................................................. 506
25.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller ....................................................................................... 509
CHAPTER 26 EXAMPLE OF SERIAL PROGRAMMING CONNECTION .......... 511
26.1
26.2
Basic Configuration of Serial Programming Connection ................................................. 512
Example of Serial Programming Connection ................................................................... 513
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY ....................................... 515
27.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
27.2 Sector/Bank Configuration ...............................................................................................
27.3 Invoking Flash Memory Automatic Algorithm ..................................................................
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status ............................................................
27.4.1 Data Polling Flag (DQ7) .............................................................................................
27.4.2 Toggle Bit Flag (DQ6) .................................................................................................
27.4.3 Execution Timeout Flag (DQ5) ...................................................................................
27.4.4 Sector Erase Timer Flag (DQ3) ..................................................................................
27.4.5 Toggle Bit2 Flag (DQ2) ...............................................................................................
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27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory ..............................................................................
27.5.1 Placing Flash Memory in Read/Reset State ...............................................................
27.5.2 Programming Data to Flash Memory ..........................................................................
27.5.3 Erasing All Data from Flash Memory (Chip Erase) .....................................................
27.5.4 Erasing Specific Data from Flash Memory (Sector Erase) .........................................
27.5.5 Suspending Sector Erase from Flash Memory ...........................................................
27.5.6 Resuming Sector Erase of Flash Memory ..................................................................
27.5.7 Unlock Bypass Program .............................................................................................
27.6 Operations .......................................................................................................................
27.7 Flash Security ..................................................................................................................
27.8 Registers .........................................................................................................................
27.8.1 Flash Memory Status Register 2 (FSR2) ....................................................................
27.8.2 Flash Memory Status Register (FSR) .........................................................................
27.8.3 Flash Memory Sector Write Control Register 0 (SWRE0) ..........................................
27.8.4 Flash Memory Status Register 3 (FSR3) ....................................................................
27.8.5 Flash Memory Status Register 4 (FSR4) ....................................................................
27.9 Notes on Using Dual Operation Flash Memory ...............................................................
529
530
531
533
534
536
537
538
539
541
542
543
546
549
551
552
560
CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE ....................... 561
28.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
28.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
28.3 Registers .........................................................................................................................
28.3.1 Main CR Clock Trimming Register (Upper) (CRTH) ...................................................
28.3.2 Main CR Clock Trimming Register (Lower) (CRTL) ...................................................
28.3.3 Main CR Clock Temperature Dependent Adjustment Register (CRTDA) ..................
28.3.4 Watchdog Timer Selection ID Register (Upper/Lower) (WDTH/WDTL) .....................
28.4 Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming .................................................................................
28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface ........................................................................................
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
571
CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR ............................................................................ 573
29.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
29.2 Configuration ...................................................................................................................
29.3 Pins ..................................................................................................................................
29.4 Interrupt ...........................................................................................................................
29.5 Operations and Setting Procedure Example ...................................................................
29.6 Register ...........................................................................................................................
29.6.1 Comparator Control Register ch. n (CMRn) ...............................................................
574
575
577
578
579
580
581
CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER .............................. 583
30.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................
30.2 Registers .........................................................................................................................
30.2.1 System Configuration Register (SYSC) ......................................................................
30.2.2 System Configuration Register 2 (SYSC2) .................................................................
30.3 Notes on Using Controller ...............................................................................................
584
585
586
588
589
APPENDIX ............................................................................................................. 591
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview ............................................................................................. 592
A.1 Addressing ...................................................................................................................... 595
A.2 Special Instruction ........................................................................................................... 599
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A.3 Bit Manipulation Instructions (SETB, CLRB) ...................................................................
A.4 F2MC-8FX Instructions ....................................................................................................
A.5 Instruction Map ................................................................................................................
APPENDIX B Major Changes ......................................................................................................
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607
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CHAPTER 1
MEMORY ACCESS MODE
This chapter describes the memory access
mode.
1.1
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Memory Access Mode
1
CHAPTER 1 MEMORY ACCESS MODE
1.1 Memory Access Mode
H ard war e
1.1
Ma nu al
Memory Access Mode
The MB95710L/770L Series supports only one memory access mode: singlechip mode.
■ Single-chip Mode
In single-chip mode, only the internal RAM and the Flash memory are used, and no external
bus access is executed.
● Mode data
Mode data is the data used to determine the memory access mode of the CPU.
The mode data address is fixed at "0xFFFD". Always set the mode data of the Flash memory to
"0x00" to select the single-chip mode.
Figure 1.1-1 Mode Data Settings
Address
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
0xFFFD
Data
0x00
Other than 0x00
Operation
Selects single-chip mode.
Reserved. Do not set mode data to any value other than 0x00.
After a reset is released, the CPU fetches mode data first.
The CPU then fetches the reset vector after the mode data. It starts executing instructions from
the address set in the reset vector.
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CHAPTER 2
CPU
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the CPU.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
2.1
Dedicated Registers
2.2
General-purpose Register
2.3
Placement of 16-bit Data in Memory
3
CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.1 Dedicated Registers
H ard war e
2.1
Ma nu al
Dedicated Registers
The CPU has dedicated registers: a program counter (PC), two registers for
arithmetic operations (A and T), three address pointers (IX, EP, and SP), and the
program status (PS) register. Each of the registers is 16 bits long. The PS
register consists of the register bank pointer (RP), direct bank pointer (DP), and
condition code register (CCR).
■ Configuration of Dedicated Registers
The dedicated registers in the CPU consist of seven 16-bit registers. As for the accumulator (A)
and the temporary accumulator (T), using only the lower eight bits of the respective registers is
also supported.
Figure 2.1-1 shows the configuration of the dedicated registers.
Figure 2.1-1 Configuration of Dedicated Registers
16 bits
Initial value
: Program counter
PC
0xFFFD
Indicates the address of the current instruction.
0x0000
AH
AL
: Accumulator (A)
Temporary storage register for arithmetic operation and transfer
0x0000
TH
TL
: Temporary accumulator (T)
Performs arithmetic operations with the accumulator.
: Index register
IX
0x0000
Indicates an index address.
0x0000
EP
: Extra pointer
0x0000
SP
: Stack pointer
Indicates a memory address.
Indicates the current stack location.
0x0030
RP
DP
CCR
PS
: Program status
Stores a register bank pointer,
a direct bank pointer, and a condition code.
■ Functions of Dedicated Registers
● Program counter (PC)
The program counter is a 16-bit counter which contains the memory address of the instruction
currently executed by the CPU. The program counter is updated whenever an instruction is
executed or an interrupt or a reset occurs. The initial value set immediately after a reset is the
mode data read address (0xFFFD).
● Accumulator (A)
The accumulator is a 16-bit register for arithmetic operation. It is used for a variety of
arithmetic and transfer operations of data in memory or data in other registers such as the
temporary accumulator (T). The data in the accumulator can be handled either as word (16-bit)
data or byte (8-bit) data. For byte-length arithmetic and transfer operations, only the lower
eight bits (AL) of the accumulator are used with the upper eight bits (AH) left unchanged. The
initial value set immediately after a reset is "0x0000".
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2.1 Dedicated Registers
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Manual
● Temporary accumulator (T)
The temporary accumulator is an auxiliary 16-bit register for arithmetic operation. It is used to
perform arithmetic operations with the data in the accumulator (A). The data in the temporary
accumulator is handled as word data for word-length (16-bit) operations with the accumulator
(A) and as byte data for byte-length (8-bit) operations. For byte-length operations, only the
lower eight bits (TL) of the temporary accumulator are used and the upper eight bits (TH) are
not used.
When a MOV instruction is used to transfer data to the accumulator (A), the previous contents
of the accumulator are automatically transferred to the temporary accumulator. When
transferring byte-length data, the upper eight bits (TH) of the temporary accumulator remain
unchanged. The initial value after a reset is "0x0000".
● Index register (IX)
The index register is a 16-bit register used to hold the index address. The index register is used
with a single-byte offset (-128 to +127). The offset value is added to the index address to
generate the memory address for data access. The initial value after a reset is "0x0000".
● Extra pointer (EP)
The extra pointer is a 16-bit register which contains the value indicating the memory address
for data access. The initial value after a reset is "0x0000".
● Stack pointer (SP)
The stack pointer is a 16-bit register which holds the address referenced when an interrupt or a
sub-routine call occurs and by the stack push and pop instructions. During program execution,
the value of the stack pointer indicates the address of the most recent data pushed onto the
stack. The initial value after a reset is "0x0000".
● Program status (PS)
The program status is a 16-bit control register. The upper eight bits consists of the register bank
pointer (RP) and direct bank pointer (DP); the lower eight bits consists of the condition code
register (CCR).
In the upper eight bits, the upper five bits consists of the register bank pointer used to contain
the address of the general-purpose register bank. The lower three bits consists of the direct
bank pointer which locates the area to be accessed at high-speed by direct addressing.
The lower eight bits consists of the condition code register (CCR) which consists of flags that
represent the state of the CPU.
The instructions that can access the program status are "MOVW A,PS" and "MOVW PS,A".
The register bank pointer (RP) and direct bank pointer (DP) in the program status register can
also be read from and written to by accessing the mirror address (0x0078).
Note that the condition code register (CCR) is a part of the program status register and cannot
be accessed independently.
Refer to the "F2MC-8FX Programming Manual" for details on using the dedicated registers.
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CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.1 Dedicated Registers
H ard war e
2.1.1
Ma nu al
Register Bank Pointer (RP)
The register bank pointer (RP) in bit15 to bit11 of the program status (PS)
register contains the address of the general-purpose register bank that is
currently in use and is translated into a real address when general-purpose
register addressing is used.
■ Configuration of Register Bank Pointer (RP)
Figure 2.1-2 shows the configuration of the register bank pointer.
Figure 2.1-2 Configuration of Register Bank Pointer
RP
DP
bit15 bit14 bit13 bit12 bit11 bit10 bit9
PS
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
DP2
DP1
CCR
bit8
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
RP
initial value
DP0
H
I
IL1
IL0
N
Z
V
C
0b00000
The register bank pointer contains the address of the register bank currently in use. The content
of the register bank pointer is translated into a real address according to the rule shown in
Figure 2.1-3.
Figure 2.1-3 Rule for Translation into Real Addresses in General-purpose Register Area
Fixed value
Generated
address
RP: Upper
Op-code: Lower
“0”
“0”
“0”
“0”
“0”
“0”
“0”
“1”
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
b2
b1
b0
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
A8
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9
The register bank pointer specifies the register bank used as general-purpose registers in the
RAM area. There are a total of 32 register banks, which are specified by setting a value
between 0 and 31 in the upper five bits of the register bank pointer. Each register bank has
eight 8-bit general-purpose registers which are selected by the lower three bits of the op-code.
The register bank pointer allows the space from "0x0100" to "0x01FF"(max) to be used as a
general-purpose register area. However, certain products have restrictions on the size of the
area available for the general-purpose register area. The initial value of the register bank
pointer after a reset is "0x0000".
■ Mirror Address for Register Bank and Direct Bank Pointer
Values can be written to the register bank pointer (RP) and the direct bank pointer (DP) by
accessing the program status (PS) register with the "MOVW PS,A" instruction; the two
pointers can be read by accessing PS with the "MOVW A,PS" instruction. Values can also be
directly written to and read from the two pointers by accessing "0x0078", the mirror address of
the register bank pointer.
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CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.1 Dedicated Registers
Ha rdware
2.1.2
Manual
Direct Bank Pointer (DP)
The direct bank pointer (DP) in bit10 to bit8 of the program status (PS) register
specifies the area to be accessed by direct addressing.
■ Configuration of Direct Bank Pointer (DP)
Figure 2.1-4 shows the configuration of the direct bank pointer.
Figure 2.1-4 Configuration of Direct Bank Pointer
RP
DP
bit15 bit14 bit13 bit12 bit11 bit10 bit9
PS
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
DP2
DP1
CCR
bit8
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
DP
initial value
DP0
H
I
IL1
IL0
N
Z
V
C
0b000
The area of "0x0000 to 0x007F" and that of "0x0090 to 0x047F" can be accessed by direct
addressing. Access to 0x0000 to 0x007F is specified by an operand regardless of the value in
the direct bank pointer. Access to 0x0090 to 0x047F is specified by the value of the direct bank
pointer and the operand.
Table 2.1-1 shows the relationship between the direct bank pointer (DP) and the access area;
Table 2.1-2 lists the direct addressing instructions.
Table 2.1-1 Direct Bank Pointer and Access Area
Direct bank pointer (DP[2:0])
Operand-specified dir
Access area*
0bXXX (It does not affect mapping.)
0x0000 to 0x007F
0x0000 to 0x007F
0b000 (Initial value)
0x0090 to 0x00FF
0x0090 to 0x00FF
0b001
0x0100 to 0x017F
0b010
0x0180 to 0x01FF
0b011
0x0200 to 0x027F
0b100
0x0080 to 0x00FF
0x0280 to 0x02FF
0b101
0x0300 to 0x037F
0b110
0x0380 to 0x03FF
0b111
0x0400 to 0x047F
*: The available access area varies among products. For details, refer to the device data sheet.
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2.1 Dedicated Registers
H ard war e
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Table 2.1-2 Direct Address Instruction List
Applicable instructions
CLRB dir:bit
SETB dir:bit
BBC dir:bit,rel
BBS dir:bit,rel
MOV A,dir
CMP A,dir
ADDC A,dir
SUBC A,dir
MOV dir,A
XOR A,dir
AND A,dir
OR A,dir
MOV dir,#imm
CMP dir,#imm
MOVW A,dir
MOVW dir,A
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CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.1 Dedicated Registers
Ha rdware
2.1.3
Manual
Condition Code Register (CCR)
The condition code register (CCR) in the lower eight bits of the program status
(PS) register consists of the bits (H, N, Z, V, and C) containing information
about the arithmetic result or transfer data and the bits (I, IL1, and IL0) used to
control the acceptance of interrupt requests.
■ Configuration of Condition Code Register (CCR)
Figure 2.1-5 Configuration of Condition Code Register (CCR)
RP
DP
bit15 bit14 bit13 bit12 bit11 bit10 bit9
PS
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
DP2
DP1
CCR
bit8
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
CCR
initial value
DP0
H
I
IL1
IL0
N
Z
V
C
0b00110000
Half carry flag
Interrupt enable flag
Interrupt level bits
Negative flag
Zero flag
Overflow flag
Carry flag
The condition code register is a part of the program status (PS) register and therefore cannot be
accessed independently.
■ Bits Showing Operation Results
● Half carry flag (H)
This flag is set to "1" when a carry from bit3 to bit4 or a borrow from bit4 to bit3 occurs due to
the result of an operation. Otherwise, the flag is set to "0". Do not use this flag for any
operation other than addition and subtraction as the flag is intended for decimal-adjusted
instructions.
● Negative flag (N)
This flag is set to "1" when the value of the most significant bit is "1" due to the result of an
operation, and is set to "0" when the value of the most significant bit is "0".
● Zero flag (Z)
This flag is set to "1" when the result of an operation is "0", and is set to "0" when the result of
an operation is a value other than "0".
● Overflow flag (V)
This flag indicates whether the result of an operation has caused an overflow, with the operand
used in the operation being regarded as an integer expressed as a complement of two. If an
overflow occurs, the overflow flag is set to "1"; otherwise, it is set to "0".
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2.1 Dedicated Registers
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● Carry flag (C)
This flag is set to "1" when a carry from bit7 or a borrow to bit7 occurs due to the result of an
operation. Otherwise, the flag is set to "0". When a shift instruction is executed, the flag is set
to the shift-out value.
Figure 2.1-6 shows how the carry flag is updated by a shift instruction.
Figure 2.1-6 Carry Flag Updated by Shift Instruction
• Left-shift (ROLC)
• Right-shift (RORC)
bit7
bit0
bit7
bit0
C
C
■ Interrupt Acceptance Control Bits
● Interrupt enable flag (I)
When this flag is set to "1", interrupts are enabled and accepted by the CPU. When this flag is
set to "0", interrupts are disabled and rejected by the CPU.
The initial value after a reset is "0".
The SETI and CLRI instructions set and clear the flag to "1" and "0", respectively.
● Interrupt level bits (IL[1:0])
These bits indicate the level of the interrupt currently accepted by the CPU.
The interrupt level is compared with the value of the interrupt level setting register (ILR0 to
ILR5) that corresponds to the interrupt request (IRQ00 to IRQ23) of each peripheral function.
The CPU services an interrupt request only when its interrupt level is smaller than the value of
these bits with the interrupt enable flag set (CCR:I = 1). Table 2.1-3 lists interrupt level
priorities. The initial value after a reset is "0b11".
Table 2.1-3 Interrupt Levels
IL1
IL0
Interrupt level
Priority
0
0
0
High
0
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
3
Low (No interrupt)
The interrupt level bits (IL[1:0]) are usually "0b11" when the CPU does not service an interrupt
(with the main program running).
For details of interrupts, see "5.1 Interrupts".
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CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.2 General-purpose Register
Ha rdware
2.2
Manual
General-purpose Register
The general-purpose registers are a memory block in which each bank consists
of eight 8-bit registers. Up to 32 register banks can be used in total. The
register bank pointer (RP) is used to specify a register bank.
Register banks are useful for interrupt handling, vector call processing, and
sub-routine calls.
■ Configuration of General-purpose Register
• The general-purpose register is an 8-bit register and is located in a register bank in the
general-purpose register area (in RAM).
• Up to 32 banks can be used, each of which consists of eight registers (R0 to R7).
• The register bank pointer (RP) specifies the register bank currently being used and the lower
three bits of the op-code specify the general-purpose register 0 (R0) to the general-purpose
register 7 (R7).
Figure 2.2-1 shows the configuration of the register banks.
Figure 2.2-1 Configuration of Register Banks
8 bits
0x1F8
This address = 0x0100 + 8 × (RP)
Address 0x100
R0
R0
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
0x107
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R7
Bank 0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
0x1FF
R7
Bank 31
32 banks
The number of banks
available is restricted by
the available RAM size.
Memory area
For information on the general-purpose register area available on each product, see "■ AREAS
FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS" in the device data sheet.
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CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.2 General-purpose Register
H ard war e
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■ Features of General-purpose Registers
The general-purpose register has the following features.
• High-speed access to RAM with short instructions (general-purpose register addressing).
• Grouping registers into a block of register banks facilitates data protection and division of
registers in terms of functions.
A general-purpose register bank can be allocated exclusively to an interrupt service routine or a
vector call (CALLV #0 to #7) service routine. For instance, the fourth register bank is always
assigned to the second interrupt.
Data of a general-purpose register before an interrupt can be saved to a dedicated register bank
by just specifying that register bank at the beginning of an interrupt service routine. This
therefore eliminates the need to save data of a general-purpose register in a stack, thereby
enabling the CPU to receive interrupts at high speed.
Note:
In an interrupt service routine, include one of the following in a program to ensure that
values of the interrupt level bits (CCR:IL[1:0]) of the condition code register are not
modified when modifying a register bank pointer (RP) to specify a register bank.
• Read the interrupt level bits and save their values before writing a value to the RP.
• Directly write a new value to the RP mirror address "0x0078" to update the RP.
• As for a product whose RAM size is 256 bytes, the area available for general-purpose
registers is from "0x0100" to "0x018F", which is half of that of the product whose RAM
size is 512 bytes or above. Therefore, when using a program development tool such
as a C compiler to set a general-purpose register area, ensure that the area used as a
general-purpose register area does not exceed the size of RAM installed.
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CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.3 Placement of 16-bit Data in Memory
Ha rdware
2.3
Manual
Placement of 16-bit Data in Memory
This section describes how 16-bit data is stored in memory.
■ Placement of 16-bit Data in Memory
● State of 16-bit data stored in RAM
When 16-bit data is written to memory, the upper byte of the data is stored at a smaller address
and the lower byte is stored at the next address. When 16-bit data is read, it is handled in the
same way.
Figure 2.3-1 shows how 16-bit data is placed in memory.
Figure 2.3-1 Placement of 16-bit Data in Memory
Before
execution
Memory
MOVW 0091H, A
0x0090
0x0091
0x0092
0x0093
A 0x1234
After
execution
A 0x1234
Memory
0x12
0x34
0x0090
0x0091
0x0092
0x0093
● Storage state of 16-bit data specified by an operand
Even when the operand in an instruction specifies 16-bit data, the upper byte is stored at the
address closer to the op-code (instruction) and the lower byte is stored at the address next to the
one at which the upper byte is stored.
That is true whether an operand is either a memory address or 16-bit immediate data.
Figure 2.3-2 shows how 16-bit data in an instruction is placed.
Figure 2.3-2 Placement of 16-bit Data in Instruction
[Example] MOV
A, 5678H ; Extended address
MOVW A, #1234H ; 16-bit immediate data
Assemble
0xXXX0
0xXXX2
0xXXX5
0xXXX8
XX XX
60 56 78 ; Extended address
E4 12 34 ; 16-bit immediate data
XX
● Storage state of 16-bit data in the stack
When 16-bit register data is saved in a stack on an interrupt, the upper byte is stored at a lower
address in the same way as 16-bit data specified by an operand.
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CHAPTER 2 CPU
2.3 Placement of 16-bit Data in Memory
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 3
CLOCK CONTROLLER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the clock controller.
3.1
Overview
3.2
Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
3.3
Registers
3.4
Clock Modes
3.5
Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
3.6
Clock Oscillator Circuit
3.7
Overview of Prescaler
3.8
Configuration of Prescaler
3.9
Operation of Prescaler
3.10 Notes on Using Prescaler
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
H ard war e
3.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The New 8FX family has a built-in clock controller that optimizes its power
consumption. It supports both of the external main clock and the external
subclock.
The clock controller enables/disables clock oscillation, enables/disables the
supply of clock signals to the internal circuit, selects the clock source, and
controls the PLL, the internal CR oscillator and frequency divider circuits.
■ Overview of Clock Controller
The clock controller enables/disables clock oscillation, enables/disables clock supply to the
internal circuit, selects the clock source, and controls the PLL, the internal CR oscillator and
frequency divider circuits.
The clock controller controls the internal clock according to the clock mode, standby mode
settings and the reset operation. The clock mode is used to select an internal operating clock;
the standby mode is used to enable or disable clock oscillation and signal supply.
The clock controller selects the optimum power consumption and functions depending on the
combination of clock mode and standby mode.
This device has six source clocks: a main clock formed by dividing the main oscillation clock
by two, a main PLL clock formed by multiplying the main oscillation clock by the PLL
multiplication rate, a subclock formed by dividing the suboscillation clock by two, a main CR
clock, a main CR PLL clock formed by multiplying the main CR oscillation clock by the PLL
multiplication rate, and a sub-CR clock formed by dividing the sub-CR oscillation clock by
two.
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CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Block Diagram of Clock Controller
Figure 3.1-1 is the block diagram of the clock controller.
Figure 3.1-1 Block Diagram of Clock Controller
System clock control register 2 (SYCC2)
Standby control register (STBC)
SRDY MRDY SCRDY MCRDY SOSCE MOSCE SCRE MCRE
STP
SLP
SPL
SRST
TMD
-
-
-
Watch or time-base
timer mode
Sleep mode
Stop mode
System clock selector
Main CR
(5)
clock oscillator
circuit
Sub-CR
clock oscillator
circuit
Prescaler
(6)
Main clock
oscillator
circuit
(1)
Subclock
oscillator
circuit
(2)
(7) No division
Divide by 2
Divide by 2
Divide by 2
Oscillation
stabilization
wait circuit
Divide by 4
Divide by 8
Divide by 16
(3)
Clock
control
circuit
Supply to CPU
Supply to peripheral resources
Source clock
selection
control circuit
(4)
PLL
clock oscillator
circuit
(8)
(9)
Clock for time-base timer
Clock for watch timer
MPEN MPMC1 MPMC0 MPRDY
-
-
-
-
PLL control register (PLLC)
SWT3 SWT2 SWT1 SWT0 MWT3 MWT2 MWT1 MWT0
Oscillation stabilization wait time setting register (WATR)
(1): Main clock (FCH)
(2): Subclock (FCL)
(3): Main clock
(4): Subclock
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
(5): Main CR clock (FCRH)
(6): Sub-CR clock (FCRL)
(7): Source clock (SCLK)
(8): Machine clock (MCLK)
SCM2 SCM1 SCM0
SCS2
SCS1
SCS0
DIV1
DIV0
System clock control register (SYCC)
(9): PLL clock (FPLL)
17
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Configuration of Clock Controller
● Main clock oscillator circuit
This block is the oscillator circuit for the main clock.
● Subclock oscillator circuit
This block is the oscillator circuit for the subclock.
● Main CR clock oscillator circuit
This block is the oscillator circuit for the main CR clock.
● PLL clock oscillator circuit
This block is the oscillator circuit for the PLL clock. The PLL source clock can be selected
from the main clock and the main CR clock.
● Sub-CR clock oscillator circuit
This block is the oscillator circuit for the sub-CR clock.
● System clock selector
This block selects a clock according to the clock mode used from the following five types of
source clock: main clock, subclock, main CR clock, PLL clock and sub-CR clock. The source
clock selected is divided by the prescaler. The divided clock is called "machine clock", which
is to be supplied to the clock control circuit.
● Clock control circuit
This block controls the supply of the machine clock to the CPU and each peripheral function
according to the standby mode used or oscillation stabilization wait time.
● Oscillation stabilization wait circuit
This block outputs oscillation stabilization wait time signals according to clocks that are
enabled to operate.
In the case of main clock, its oscillation stabilization signal can be selected from 14 types of
oscillation stabilization signals created by a dedicated timer in the oscillation stabilization wait
circuit. In case of subclock, its oscillation stabilization signal can be selected from 15 types of
oscillation stabilization signals created by the same dedicated timer.
● System clock control register (SYCC)
This register selects a clock mode and a machine clock divide ratio, and indicates the current
clock mode.
● PLL control register (PLLC)
This register controls the PLL clock multiplication rate settings.
18
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
● Standby control register (STBC)
This register controls the transition from RUN state to standby mode, the setting of pin states in
stop mode, time-base timer mode, or watch mode, and the generation of software resets.
● System clock control register 2 (SYCC2)
This register enables or disables the oscillations of the main clock, main CR clock, subclock,
and sub-CR clock, and displays the ready signals of main clock oscillation, main CR clock
oscillation, subclock oscillation and sub-CR clock oscillation.
● Oscillation stabilization wait time setting register (WATR)
This register sets the oscillation stabilization wait times for the main clock and subclock.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
19
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Clock Modes
There are six clock modes:
•
Main clock mode
•
Main PLL clock mode
•
Main CR clock mode
•
Main CR PLL clock mode
•
Subclock mode
•
Sub-CR clock mode.
Table 3.1-1 shows the relationships between the clock modes and the machine clock (operating
clock for the CPU and peripheral functions).
Table 3.1-1
Clock Modes and Machine Clock Selection
Clock mode
Machine clock
Main clock mode
The machine clock is generated by dividing the main clock by two.
Main PLL clock mode
The machine clock is generated by multiplying the main clock by a PLL
multiplication rate.
Main CR clock mode
The machine clock is generated from the main CR clock.
Main CR PLL clock mode
The machine clock is generated by multiplying the main CR clock by a PLL
multiplication rate.
Subclock mode
The machine clock is generated by dividing the subclock by two.
Sub-CR clock mode
The machine clock is generated by dividing the sub-CR clock by two.
In any clock mode, the frequency of a selected clock can be divided.
20
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Standby Mode
The clock controller selects whether to enable or disable clock oscillation and clock supply to
the internal circuitry according to the standby mode selected. With the exception of time-base
timer mode and watch mode, the standby mode can be set independently of the clock mode.
Table 3.1-2 shows the relationships between standby modes and clock supply states.
Table 3.1-2
Standby Mode and Clock Supply States
Standby mode
Clock supply state
Sleep mode
Clock supply to the CPU is stopped. As a result, the CPU stops operating, but other
peripheral functions continue operating.
Time-base timer mode
Clock signals are only supplied to the time-base timer and the watch prescaler, while the
clock supply to other circuits is stopped. As a result, all the functions other than the timebase timer, watch prescaler, external interrupt, and low-voltage detection reset (option)
are stopped.
The time-base timer mode can be used in main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main
CR clock mode and main CR PLL clock mode.
Watch mode
Main clock oscillation or main PLL clock oscillation is stopped. Clock signals are
supplied only to the watch prescaler, while clock supply to other circuits is stopped. As a
result, all the functions other than the watch prescaler, external interrupt, and lowvoltage detection reset (option) are stopped.
The watch mode is the standby mode that can be used in subclock mode and sub-CR
clock mode.
Stop mode
Main clock oscillation or main PLL clock oscillation, and subclock oscillation are
stopped, and clock supply to all circuits is stopped. As a result, all the functions other
than external interrupt and low-voltage detection reset (option) are stopped.
Note:
Clocks that are not mentioned in Table 3.1-2 are supplied under particular settings.
For example, with either main clock mode or main PLL clock being used in stop mode,
when SYCC2:SOSCE or SYCC2:SCRE has been set to "1", the watch prescaler
continues its operation.
In addition, with the hardware watchdog timer already started, the watchdog timer
operates also in standby mode, depending on the settings of the non-volatile register
(NVR) interface. For details of the non-volatile register (NVR) interface, see "CHAPTER
28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
21
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Combinations of Clock Mode and Standby Mode
Table 3.1-3 and Table 3.1-4 list the combinations of clock mode and standby mode, and the
respective operating states of different internal circuits with different combinations of clock
mode and standby mode.
Table 3.1-3
Combinations of Standby Mode and Clock Mode, and Internal Operating States (1)
RUN
Function
Main clock/
Main PLL clock
Main CR clock/
Main CR PLL
clock
Main CR
Main clock
clock mode/
mode/
Main PLL Main CR PLL
clock mode clock mode
Sleep
Subclock
mode
Sub-CR
clock mode
Main CR
Main clock
clock mode/
mode/
Main PLL Main CR PLL
clock mode clock mode
Subclock
mode
Sub-CR
clock mode
Operating
Stopped*1
Stopped
Operating
Stopped*1
Stopped
Stopped*2
Operating
Stopped
Stopped*2
Operating
Stopped
Subclock
Operating*3
Operating
Sub-CR clock
Operating*4
Operating*4
Operating*3
Operating*3
Operating
Operating*3
Operating
Operating*4
Operating*4
Operating
CPU
Operating
Operating
Stopped
Stopped
Flash memory
Operating
Operating
Value held
Value held
RAM
Operating
Operating
Value held
Value held
I/O ports
Operating
Operating
Output held
Output held
Time-base timer
Operating
Stopped
Operating
Stopped
Watch prescaler
Operating*3, *4
Operating
Operating*3, *4
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
External interrupt
Hardware
watchdog timer
Software watchdog
timer
Low-voltage
detection
Other peripheral
functions
*5
Operating*5
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Stopped
Stopped
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
*1: The main clock or the main PLL clock runs when the main clock oscillation enable bit in the system clock
control register 2 (SYCC2:MOSCE) is set to "1".
*2: The main CR clock or the main CR PLL clock runs when main CR clock oscillation enable bit in the system
clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MCRE) is set to "1".
*3: The module runs when the subclock oscillation enable bit in the system clock control register 2
(SYCC2:SOSCE) is set to "1".
*4: The module runs when the sub-CR clock oscillation enable bit in the system clock control register 2
(SYCC2:SCRE) is set to "1".
*5: The hardware watchdog timer stops when the hardware watchdog timer is disabled by the non-volatile
register (NVR) interface.
22
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview
Ha rdware
Table 3.1-4
Combinations of Standby Mode and Clock Mode and Internal Operating States (2)
Time-base timer
Function
Main clock/
Main PLL clock
Main CR clock/
Main CR PLL
clock
Subclock
Sub-CR clock
CPU
Flash memory
RAM
I/O ports
Time-base timer
Watch prescaler
Manual
Main CR
Main clock
clock mode/
mode/
Main PLL Main CR PLL
clock mode clock mode
Watch
Subclock
mode
Sub-CR
clock mode
Stop
Main CR
Main clock
clock mode/
mode/
Main PLL Main CR PLL
clock mode clock mode
Operating
Stopped*1
Stopped
Stopped
Stopped*2
Operating
Stopped
Stopped
Operating*3
*4
Operating
Operating
*4
Operating
Operating*3
Operating
Subclock
mode
Operating*3
Stopped
*4
Stopped
Operating
Stopped
Stopped
Stopped
Value held
Value held
Value held
Value held
Value held
Value held
Output held / Hi-Z
Output held/Hi-Z
Output held/Hi-Z
Operating
Stopped
*3, *4
Operating
Operating
Sub-CR
clock mode
Stopped
Operating
*3, 4
Stopped
External interrupt
Operating
Operating
Operating
Hardware
watchdog timer
Software watchdog
timer
Low-voltage
detection
Other peripheral
functions
Operating*5
Operating*5
Operating*5
Stopped
Stopped
Stopped
Operating
Operating
Operating
Stopped
Stopped
Stopped
*1: The main clock or the main PLL clock runs when the main clock oscillation enable bit in the system clock
control register 2 (SYCC2:MOSCE) is set to "1".
*2: The main CR clock or the main CR PLL clock runs when main CR clock oscillation enable bit in the system
clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MCRE) is set to "1".
*3: The module runs when the subclock oscillation enable bit in the system clock control register 2
(SYCC2:SOSCE) is set to "1".
*4: The module runs when the sub-CR clock oscillation enable bit in the system clock control register 2
(SYCC2:SCRE) is set to "1".
*5: The hardware watchdog timer stops when the hardware watchdog timer is disabled by the non-volatile
register (NVR) interface.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
23
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.2 Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
H ard war e
3.2
Ma nu al
Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
The oscillation stabilization wait time is the time after the oscillator circuit
stops oscillation until the oscillator resumes its stable oscillation at its natural
frequency. The clock controller obtains the oscillation stabilization wait time
after the start of oscillation by counting a specific number of oscillation clock
cycles. During the oscillation stabilization wait time, the clock controller stops
clock supply to internal circuits.
■ Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
The clock controller obtains the oscillation stabilization wait time after the start of oscillation
by counting a specific number of oscillation clock cycles. During the oscillation stabilization
wait time, the clock controller stops clock supply to internal circuits.
When the power is switched on, or when a state transition request making the oscillator start
from the oscillation stop state is generated due to a change of clock mode caused by a reset, by
an interrupt in stop mode or by the software operation, before making the clock mode transit to
another mode, the clock controller automatically waits for the oscillation stabilization wait time
of the clock for that mode to elapse.
Figure 3.2-1 shows how the oscillator runs immediately after starting oscillating.
Figure 3.2-1 Behavior of Oscillator Immediately after Starting Oscillation
Oscillation time of
oscillator
Normal operation
Operation after returning
Oscillation stabilization from stop mode or a reset
wait time
(
)
X1
Oscillation started
Oscillation stabilized
Oscillation stabilization wait time of main clock, subclock, main CR clock, PLL clock or subCR clock is counted by using a dedicated counter. The count value can be set in the oscillation
stabilization wait time setting register (WATR). Set it in keeping with the oscillator
characteristics.
When a power-on reset occurs, the oscillation stabilization wait time is fixed at the initial
value.
Table 3.2-1 shows the length of oscillation stabilization wait time.
Table 3.2-1
Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
Clock
Main clock
Reset source
Power-on reset
Other than power-on reset
Subclock
Power-on reset
Other than power-on reset
24
Oscillation stabilization wait time
Initial value: (214-2)/FCH (FCH: main clock frequency)
Register settings (WATR:MWT[3:0])
Initial value: (215-2)/FCL (FCL: subclock frequency)
Register settings (WATR:SWT[3:0])
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.2 Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
Ha rdware
Manual
■ PLL Clock Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
As with the oscillation stabilization wait time of the oscillator, when a request for state
transition from PLL oscillation stopped state to PLL oscillation start is generated due to an
interrupt in stop mode or a change of clock mode by software, the clock controller first waits
for the main clock oscillation stabilization wait time or the main CR clock oscillation
stabilization wait time to elapse, and then automatically waits for the PLL clock oscillation
stabilization wait time to elapse.
Table 3.2-2 shows the PLL oscillation stabilization wait time.
Table 3.2-2
PLL Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
PLL oscillation stabilization wait time
Main PLL clock
Main CR PLL clock
212/FPLL*
*: FPLL = 16 MHz
■ CR Clock Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
As with the oscillation stabilization wait time of the oscillator, when a state transition request
making CR oscillation start from the CR oscillation stop state is generated due to a change of
clock mode caused by an interrupt in standby mode or by the software operation, the clock
controller automatically waits for the CR oscillation stabilization wait time to elapse.
Table 3.2-3 shows the CR oscillation stabilization wait time.
Table 3.2-3
CR Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
CR oscillation stabilization wait time
Main CR clock
210/FCRH*1
Sub-CR clock
25/FCRL*2
*1: FCRH = 4 MHz
*2: FCRL = 150 kHz
■ Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time and Clock Mode/Standby Mode Transition
If state transition occurs, the clock controller automatically waits for the oscillation
stabilization wait time to elapse whenever necessary. Depending on the circumstances under
which state transition occurs, the clock controller does not wait for the oscillation stabilization
wait time to elapse even if state transition occurs.
For details on state transition, see "3.4 Clock Modes" and "3.5 Operations in Low Power
Consumption Mode (Standby Mode)".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
25
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.2 Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Order of Priority for Oscillation Stabilization Wait Times
When multiple clocks are enabled simultaneously, the clock controller counts the respective
oscillation stabilization wait times of clocks according to a designated order of priority. Below
are the respective orders of priority for counting different oscillation stabilization wait times in
different clock modes.
•
Main clock mode
Sub-CR clock > Subclock > Main PLL clock > Main CR clock > Main CR PLL clock
•
Main PLL clock mode
Sub-CR clock > Subclock > Main CR clock
•
Main CR clock mode
Sub-CR clock > Subclock > Main CR PLL clock > Main clock > Main PLL clock
•
Main CR PLL clock mode
Sub-CR clock > Subclock > Main clock
•
Subclock mode
Sub-CR clock > Main CR clock or main clock > Main CR PLL clock or main PLL clock
•
Sub-CR clock mode
Main CR clock or main clock > Subclock > Main CR PLL clock or main PLL clock
Note:
Switching the clock mode from main CR PLL clock mode directly to main PLL clock mode
and vice versa is prohibited. To switch the clock mode from main CR PLL clock mode to
main PLL clock mode or vice versa, transit to another clock mode other than main PLL
clock mode and main CR PLL clock mode once before entering main PLL clock mode or
main CR PLL clock mode.
26
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
Ha rdware
3.3
Manual
Registers
This section provides details of registers of the clock controller.
Table 3.3-1
List of Clock Controller Registers
Register
abbreviation
Register name
Reference
SYCC
System clock control register
3.3.1
PLLC
PLL control register
3.3.2
WATR
Oscillation stabilization wait time setting register
3.3.3
STBC
Standby control register
3.3.4
SYCC2
System clock control register 2
3.3.5
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
27
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
H ard war e
3.3.1
Ma nu al
System Clock Control Register (SYCC)
The system clock control register (SYCC) selects a machine clock divide ratio
and a clock mode, and indicates the current clock mode.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SCM2
SCM1
SCM0
SCS2
SCS1
SCS0
DIV1
DIV0
Attribute
R
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
X
X
X
1
1
0
1
1
■ Register Functions
[bit7:5] SCM[2:0]: Clock mode monitor bits
These bits indicate the current clock mode.
These bits are read-only bits. Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
bit7:5
Details
Reading "000"
Indicates that the current clock mode is subclock mode.
Reading "010"
Indicates that the current clock mode is main clock mode.
Reading "011"
Indicates that the current clock mode is main PLL clock mode.
Reading "100"
Indicates that the current clock mode is sub-CR clock mode.
Reading "110"
Indicates that the current clock mode is main CR clock mode.
Reading "111"
Indicates that the current clock mode is main CR PLL clock mode.
[bit4:2] SCS[2:0]: Clock mode select bits
These bits select a clock mode.
bit4:2
Details
Writing "000"
Selects subclock mode.
Writing "010"
Selects main clock mode.
Writing "011"
Selects main PLL clock mode.
Writing "100"
Selects sub-CR clock mode.
Writing "110"
Selects main CR clock mode.
Writing "111"
Selects main CR PLL clock mode.
Notes:
• Do not write to SCS[2:0] any value other than those listed in the table above.
• Switching the clock mode from main CR PLL clock mode directly to main PLL clock mode and vice versa
is prohibited. To switch the clock mode from main CR PLL clock mode to main PLL clock mode or vice
versa, enter another clock mode other than main PLL clock mode and main CR PLL clock mode once before
entering main PLL clock mode or main CR PLL clock mode.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit1:0] DIV[1:0]: Machine clock divide ratio select bits
These bits select the machine clock divide ratio for the source clock.
The machine clock is generated from the source clock according to the divide ratio set by these bits.
bit1:0
Details
Writing "00"
Source clock (no division)
Writing "01"
Source clock/4
Writing "10"
Source clock/8
Writing "11"
Source clock/16
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
29
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
H ard war e
3.3.2
Ma nu al
PLL Control Register (PLLC)
The PLL control register (PLLC) controls the PLL clock multiplication rate
settings.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
MPEN
MPMC1
MPMC0
MPRDY
—
—
—
—
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
—
—
—
—
Initial value
0
0
0
X
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] MPEN: PLL clock enable bit
This bit enables or disables the PLL clock.
When SCS[2:0] are set to "0b011" or "0b111", this bit is automatically set to "1".
When SCS[2:0] or SCM[2:0] are set to "0b011" or "0b111", writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
This bit is automatically set to "0" when the clock mode transits from one mode to another mode except main
PLL clock mode and main CR PLL clock mode.
When the current clock mode is subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, writing "1" to this bit has no effect on
operation.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the PLL clock.
Writing "1"
Enables the PLL clock.
[bit6:5] MPMC[1:0]: PLL clock multiplication rate select bits
These bits select a PLL clock multiplication rate.
The settings of these bits can be modified only when the PLL clock is stopped. Thus these bits can be
modified in main clock mode, main CR clock mode, subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode.
bit6:5
Details
Writing "00"
Main clock  2 or main CR clock  2
Writing "01"
Main clock  2.5 or main CR clock  2.5
Writing "10"
Main clock  3 or main CR clock  3
Writing "11"
Main clock  4 or main CR clock  4
Note: When SCS[2:0] or SCM[2:0] are set to "0b011" or "0b111", writing values to MPMC[1:0] is
prohibited.
[bit4] MPRDY: PLL clock oscillation stabilization bit
This bit indicates whether the PLL clock oscillation is ready.
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the PLL clock is in the oscillation stabilization wait state or that the PLL clock
oscillation has stopped.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the PLL clock oscillation wait time is over.
[bit3:0] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
Ha rdware
3.3.3
Manual
Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time Setting
Register (WATR)
The oscillation stabilization wait time setting register (WATR) selects oscillation
stabilization wait times.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SWT3
SWT2
SWT1
SWT0
MWT3
MWT2
MWT1
MWT0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
■ Register Functions
[bit7:4] SWT[3:0]: Subclock oscillation stabilization wait time select bits
These bits select the subclock oscillation stabilization wait time.
bit7:4
Details
Subclock (FCL) = 32.768 kHz
No. of cycles
Writing "1111"
215 - 2
(215-2)/FCL
About 1.0 s
Writing "1110"
214 - 2
(214-2)/FCL
About 0.5 s
Writing "1101"
213 - 2
(213-2)/FCL
About 0.25 s
Writing "1100"
212
-2
(212-2)/F
CL
About 0.125 s
Writing "1011"
211 - 2
(211-2)/F
CL
About 62.44 ms
Writing "1010"
210 - 2
(210-2)/FCL
About 31.19 ms
Writing "1001"
29
-2
(29-2)/F
CL
About 15.56 ms
Writing "1000"
28
-2
(28-2)/F
CL
About 7.75 ms
Writing "0111"
27 - 2
(27-2)/FCL
About 3.85 ms
Writing "0110"
26 - 2
(26-2)/FCL
About 1.89 ms
Writing "0101"
5
5
2 -2
(2 -2)/FCL
About 915.5 µs
Writing "0100"
24 - 2
(24-2)/F
CL
About 427.2 µs
Writing "0011"
23 - 2
(23-2)/FCL
About 183.1 µs
Writing "0010"
22 - 2
(22-2)/FCL
About 61.0 µs
Writing "0001"
21
Writing "0000"
-2
21 - 2
1
(2 -2)/FCL
0.0 µs
(21-2)/F
0.0 µs
CL
The number of cycles in the above table is the minimum value. The maximum value is the number of cycles
in the above table plus 1/FCL.
Note: Do not modify these bits during subclock oscillation stabilization wait time. Modify them when the
subclock oscillation stabilization bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:SRDY) has been
set to "1". These bits can be modified when the subclock is stopped with the subclock oscillation stop
bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:SOSCE) set to "0" in main clock mode, main PLL
clock mode, main CR clock mode, main CR PLL clock mode, or sub-CR clock mode.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
31
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3:0] MWT[3:0]: Main clock oscillation stabilization wait time select bits
These bits select the main clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
bit3:0
Writing "1111"
Details
Main clock (FCH) = 4 MHz
No. of cycles
214
-2
(214 - 2)/FCH
13
About 4.10 ms
Writing "1110"
213 - 2
(2
- 2)/FCH
About 2.05 ms
Writing "1101"
212 - 2
(212 - 2)/FCH
About 1.02 ms
Writing "1100"
211 - 2
(211 - 2)/FCH
About 511.5 µs
10
2 -2
(210-
2)/FCH
About 255.5 µs
Writing "1010"
29 - 2
9
(2 - 2)/FCH
About 127.5 µs
Writing "1001"
28 - 2
(28 - 2)/FCH
About 63.5 µs
Writing "1000"
27 - 2
(27 - 2)/FCH
About 31.5 µs
Writing "0111"
26
Writing "1011"
-2
6
(2 - 2)/FCH
About 15.5 µs
Writing "0110"
25 - 2
(25
- 2)/FCH
About 7.5 µs
Writing "0101"
24 - 2
(24 - 2)/FCH
About 3.5 µs
Writing "0100"
23
Writing "0011"
22
Writing "0010"
21 - 2
(21 - 2)/FCH
0.0 µs
Writing "0001"
21 - 2
(21 - 2)/FCH
0.0 µs
Writing "0000"
21
(21
0.0 µs
3
-2
(2 - 2)/FCH
About 1.5 µs
-2
(22
About 0.5 µs
-2
- 2)/FCH
- 2)/FCH
The number of cycles in the above table is the minimum value. The maximum value is the number of cycles
in the above table plus 1/FCH.
Note: Do not modify these bits during main clock oscillation stabilization wait time. Modify them when the
main clock oscillation stabilization bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MRDY) has
been set to "1". These bits can be modified when the main clock is stopped with the main clock
oscillation stop bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MOSCE) set to "0" in main CR
clock mode, main CR PLL clock mode, subclock mode, or sub-CR clock mode.
32
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
Ha rdware
3.3.4
Manual
Standby Control Register (STBC)
The standby control register (STBC) controls transition from the RUN state to
sleep mode, stop mode, time-base timer mode, or watch mode, sets the pin
state in stop mode, time-base timer mode, and watch mode, and controls the
generation of software resets.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
STP
SLP
SPL
SRST
TMD
—
—
—
Attribute
W
W
R/W
W
W
—
—
—
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] STP: Stop bit
This bit sets the transition to stop mode.
The read value of this bit is always "0".
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Causes the device to transit to stop mode.
Note: After an interrupt request is generated, writing "1" to this bit is ignored. For details, see "3.5.1 Notes
on Using Standby Mode".
[bit6] SLP: Sleep bit
This bit sets the transition to sleep mode.
The read value of this bit is always "0".
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Causes the device to transit to sleep mode.
Note: After an interrupt request is generated, writing "1" to this bit is ignored. For details, see "3.5.1 Notes
on Using Standby Mode".
[bit5] SPL: Pin state setting bit
This bit sets the states of external pins in stop mode, time-base timer mode, and watch mode.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
The state (level) of an external pin in stop mode, time-base timer mode and watch mode is kept.
Writing "1"
An external pin becomes high impedance in stop mode, time-base timer mode and watch mode.
(A pin for which connection to a pull-up resistor has been selected in the pull-up register is pulled
up.)
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit4] SRST: Software reset bit
This bit sets the software reset.
The read value of this bit is always "0".
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Generates a 3-machine clock reset signal.
[bit3] TMD: Watch bit
This bit sets transition to time-base timer mode or watch mode.
Writing "1" to this bit in main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode, or main CR PLL
clock mode causes the device to transit to time-base timer mode.
Writing "1" to this bit in subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode causes the device to transit to watch mode.
Writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
The read value of this bit is always "0".
Details
bit3
In main clock mode, main PLL clock mode,
main CR clock mode or main CR PLL clock
mode
In subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Causes the device to transit to time-base timer
mode.
Causes the device to transit to watch mode
Note: After an interrupt request is generated, writing "1" to this bit is ignored. For details, see "3.5.1 Notes
on Using Standby Mode".
[bit2:0] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
Notes:
•
Set a standby mode after making sure that the transition to clock mode has been
completed by comparing the values of the clock mode monitor bits (SYCC:SCM[2:0])
and clock mode select bits (SYCC:SCS[2:0]) in the system clock control register.
•
If two or more of the following bits, stop bit (STP), sleep bit (SLP), software reset bit
(SRST) and watch bit (TMD), are set to "1" together, the order of priority for such bits
is as follows:
(1) Software reset bit (SRST)
(2) Stop bit (STP)
(3) Watch bit (TMD)
(4) Sleep bit (SLP)
When released from standby mode, the device returns to the normal operating state.
34
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
Ha rdware
3.3.5
Manual
System Clock Control Register 2 (SYCC2)
The system clock control register 2 (SYCC2) indicates the respective
stabilization conditions of main clock oscillation, subclock oscillation, main CR
clock oscillation and sub-CR clock oscillation, and controls main clock
oscillation, subclock oscillation, main CR clock oscillation and sub-CR clock
oscillation.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SRDY
MRDY
SCRDY
MCRDY
SOSCE
MOSCE
SCRE
MCRE
Attribute
R
R
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
X
X
X
X
0
0
1
1
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SRDY: Subclock oscillation stabilization bit
This bit indicates whether the subclock oscillation has become stable.
This bit is read-only. Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit7
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the clock controller is in the subclock oscillation stabilization wait state or that the
subclock oscillation has stopped.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the subclock oscillation wait time is over.
[bit6] MRDY: Main clock oscillation stabilization bit
This bit indicates whether the main clock oscillation has become stable.
This bit is read-only. Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit6
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the clock controller is in the main clock oscillation stabilization wait state or that the
main clock oscillation has stopped.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the main clock oscillation wait time is over.
[bit5] SCRDY: Sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization bit
This bit indicates whether the sub-CR clock oscillation has become stable.
This bit is read-only. Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit5
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the clock controller is in the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization wait state or that
the sub-CR clock oscillation has stopped.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the sub-CR clock oscillation wait time is over.
[bit4] MCRDY: Main CR clock oscillation stabilization bit
This bit indicates whether the main CR clock oscillation has become stable.
This bit is read-only. Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the clock controller is in the main CR clock oscillation stabilization wait state or
that the main CR clock oscillation has stopped.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the main CR clock oscillation wait time is over.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.3 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3] SOSCE: Subclock oscillation enable bit
This bit enables or disables the subclock oscillation.
When SCS[2:0] are set to "0b000", this bit is automatically set to "1".
When SCS[2:0] or SCM[2:0] are set to "0b000", writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the subclock oscillation.
Writing "1"
Enables the subclock oscillation.
[bit2] MOSCE: Main clock oscillation enable bit
This bit enables or disables the main clock oscillation.
When SCS[2:0] are set to "0b010" or "0b011", this bit is automatically set to "1".
When SCS[2:0] or SCM[2:0] are set to "0b010" or "0b011", writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
This bit is automatically set to "0" when the clock mode is changed from one mode to another mode other
than main clock mode.
When the current clock mode is subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, writing "1" to this bit has no effect on
operation.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the main clock oscillation.
Writing "1"
Enables the main clock oscillation.
[bit1] SCRE: Sub-CR clock oscillation enable bit
This bit enables or disables the sub-CR clock oscillation.
When SCS[2:0] are set to "0b100", this bit is automatically set to "1".
When SCS[2:0] or SCM[2:0] are set to "0b100", writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When SCS[2:0] and SCM[2:0] are not set to "0b100", this bit can be modified independently of other bits.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the sub-CR clock oscillation.
Writing "1"
Enables the sub-CR clock oscillation.
[bit0] MCRE: Main CR clock oscillation enable bit
This bit enables or disables the main CR clock oscillation.
When SCS[2:0] are set to "0b110" or "0b111", this bit is automatically set to "1".
When SCS[2:0] or SCM[2:0] are set to "0b110" or "0b111", writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
This bit is automatically set to "0" when the clock mode is changed from one mode to another mode except
main CR clock mode or from main CR PLL clock mode.
When the current clock mode is subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, writing "1" to this bit has no effect on
operation.
bit0
36
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the main CR clock oscillation.
Writing "1"
Enables the main CR clock oscillation.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.4 Clock Modes
Ha rdware
3.4
Manual
Clock Modes
There are six clock modes: main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, subclock
mode, main CR clock mode, main CR PLL clock mode, and sub-CR clock mode.
The clock mode switches according to the settings in the system clock control
register (SYCC).
■ Operations in Main Clock Mode and Main PLL Clock Mode
In main clock mode, the main clock is used as the machine clock for the CPU and peripheral
functions. In main PLL clock mode, the main PLL clock is used as the machine clock for the
CPU and peripheral functions.
The time-base timer operates using the main clock in main clock mode or using the main PLL
clock in main PLL clock mode.
The watch prescaler operates using the subclock or the sub-CR clock.
While the device is operating in main clock mode or main PLL clock mode, it can be set to
transit to one of the following standby mode: sleep mode, stop mode, or time-base timer mode.
After a reset, the device always enters main CR clock mode regardless of the clock mode used
before that reset.
■ Operations in Subclock Mode
In subclock mode, main clock oscillation or main PLL clock oscillation is stopped* and the
subclock is used as the machine clock for the CPU and peripheral functions. In this mode, the
time-base timer stops as it requires the main clock for operation in main clock mode and the
main PLL clock for operation in main PLL clock mode.
While the device is operating in subclock mode, it can be set to transit to one of the following
standby mode: sleep mode, stop mode, or watch mode.
■ Operations in Main CR Clock Mode and Main CR PLL Clock Mode
In main CR clock mode, the main CR clock is used as the machine clock for the CPU and
peripheral functions. In main CR PLL clock mode, the main CR PLL clock is used as the
machine clock for the CPU and peripheral functions. The time-base timer and the watchdog
timer operate using the main CR clock in main CR clock mode and the main CR PLL clock in
main CR PLL clock mode.
The watch prescaler operates using the subclock or the sub-CR clock.
While the device is operating in main CR clock mode or the main CR PLL clock mode, it can
be set to transit to one of the following standby mode: sleep mode, stop mode, or time-base
timer mode.
■ Operations in Sub-CR Clock Mode
In sub-CR clock mode, main clock oscillation or main PLL clock oscillation is stopped* and
the sub-CR clock is used as the machine clock for the CPU and peripheral functions. In this
mode, the time-base timer stops as it requires the main clock for operation. The watch prescaler
operates using the sub-CR clock.
While the device is operating in sub-CR clock mode, it can be set to transit to one of the
following standby mode: sleep mode, stop mode, or watch mode.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
37
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.4 Clock Modes
H ard war e
Ma nu al
*: The oscillation of the main clock, main CR clock, or PLL clock is automatically disabled (writing "0"
to SYCC2:MOSCE, SYCC2:MCRE or PLLC:MPEN respectively) when the clock mode transits from
main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode or main CR PLL clock mode to
subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode. In subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, writing "1" to
SYCC2:MOSCE, SYCC2:MCRE or PLLC:MPEN cannot enable the main clock, the main CR clock,
or the PLL clock respectively.
38
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.4 Clock Modes
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Clock Mode State Transition Diagram
There are six clock modes: main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, subclock mode, main CR
clock mode, main CR PLL clock mode and sub-CR clock mode. The device can switch
between these modes according to the settings in the system clock control register (SYCC).
Figure 3.4-1 Clock Mode State Transition Diagram
Power on
A reset occurs in any other state.
Reset state
<1>
Main CR clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time
+
sub-CR clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time
(10)
Main CR clock mode
Main CR clock
(or main CR PLL clock)
oscillation stabilization
wait time
Main CR clock
mode (or main CR
PLL clock mode)
(8)
(7)
Main clock mode
(or main PLL clock mode)
(5)
(6)
(4)
(3)
(2)
Main clock (or
main PLL clock)
oscillation
stabilization
wait time
(9)
(12)
(11)
(1)
Sub-CR clock
oscillation
stabilization
wait time
Main clock (or
main PLL clock)
oscillation
stabilization
wait time
Subclock
oscillation
stabilization
wait time
Main CR clock
(or main CR PLL clock)
oscillation stabilization
(13)
(18)
(17)
Sub-CR clock
oscillation
stabilization
wait time
Sub-CR clock mode
(20)
(19)
(15)
Subclock mode
(16)
Subclock
oscillation
stabilization
wait time
(14)
(21)
Main CR clock mode
Main CR PLL clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time
Main CR PLL clock mode
(22)
(23)
Main clock mode
Main PLL clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time
Main PLL clock mode
(24)
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
39
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.4 Clock Modes
H ard war e
Table 3.4-1
Clock Mode State Transition Table (1 / 2)
Current
State
<1> Reset state
Next State
(2)
After a reset, the device waits for the main CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time
and the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time to elapse and transits to main
CR clock mode. Even if that reset is a watchdog reset, software reset or external reset
Main CR clock
caused in any clock mode, the device waits for the sub-CR clock oscillation
stabilization wait time and the main CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time to
elapse.
Subclock
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b000", the device transits to subclock mode after waiting for the subclock
oscillation stabilization wait time.
When the subclock oscillation is enabled by the setting of the subclock oscillation
enable bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:SOSCE), and the subclock
oscillation stabilization bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:SRDY) is
"1", the device transits to subclock mode immediately after the clock mode select bits
(SYCC:SCS[2:0]) are set to "0b000".
Main clock/
Main PLL
clock
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b010", the device transits to main clock mode after waiting for the main
clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
When the main clock oscillation is enabled by the setting of the main clock oscillation
enable bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MOSCE), and the main clock
oscillation stabilization bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MRDY) is
"1", the device transits to main clock mode immediately after the clock mode select
bits (SYCC:SCS[2:0]) are set to "0b010".
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b011", the device transits to main PLL clock mode after waiting for the
main PLL clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
Switching the clock mode from main CR PLL clock mode directly to main PLL clock
mode is prohibited. To switch the clock mode from main CR PLL clock mode to main
PLL clock mode, transit to another clock mode other than main PLL clock mode and
main CR PLL clock mode once before entering main PLL clock mode.
(3)
Main CR clock/
Main CR PLL
clock
(5)
(6)
40
Description
The device transits to sub-CR clock mode when the clock mode select bits in the
system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0]) are set to "0b100".
However, when the sub-CR has been stopped according to the setting of the sub-CR
clock oscillation enable bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:SCRE), the
device waits for the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time to elapse before
Sub-CR clock
transiting to sub-CR clock mode. In other words, when the sub-CR clock oscillation is
enabled in advance, and the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization bit in the system
clock control register 2 (SYCC2:SCRDY) is "1", the device transits to sub-CR clock
mode immediately after the clock mode select bits (SYCC:SCS[2:0]) are set to
"0b100".
(1)
(4)
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.4 Clock Modes
Ha rdware
Table 3.4-1
Clock Mode State Transition Table (2 / 2)
Current
State
(7)
Main clock/
Main PLL
(8) clock
(9)
Next State
Description
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b110", the device transits to main CR clock mode after waiting for the
main CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time. When the main CR clock oscillation
is enabled by the setting of the main CR clock oscillation enable bit in the system
clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MCRE), and the main CR clock oscillation
stabilization bit in the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2:MCRDY) is "1", the
Main CR clock/ device transits to main CR clock mode immediately after the clock mode select bits
Main CR PLL (SYCC:SCS[2:0]) are set to "0b110".
clock
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b111", the device transits to main CR PLL clock mode after waiting for the
main CR PLL clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
Switching the clock mode from main PLL clock mode directly to main CR PLL clock
mode is prohibited. To switch the clock mode from main PLL clock mode to main CR
PLL clock mode, transit to another clock mode other than main PLL clock mode and
main CR PLL clock mode once before entering main CR PLL clock mode.
Sub-CR clock Same as (1) and (2)
(10)
(11)
Subclock
(12)
Same as (3) and (4)
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b110", the device transits to main CR clock mode after waiting for the
Main CR clock/
main CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
Main CR PLL
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
clock
are set to "0b111", the device transits to main CR PLL clock mode after waiting for the
main CR PLL clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
(13)
Main clock/
Main PLL
clock
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b010", the device transits to main clock mode after waiting for the main
clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b011", the device transits to main PLL clock mode after waiting for the
main PLL clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
Subclock
Same as (3) and (4)
Sub-CR clock
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
Main CR clock/
Main CR PLL Same as (13)
clock
(18) Subclock
Main clock/
Same as (14)
main PLL clock
(19)
Sub-CR clock Same as (1) and (2)
(20)
(21) Main CR clock
(22)
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
Main CR PLL
are set to "0b111", the device transits to main CR PLL clock mode after waiting for the
clock
PLL clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
Immediately after clock mode select bits in the system clock control register
Main CR PLL
Main CR clock
(SYCC:SCS[2:0]) are set to "0b110", the device transits to main CR clock mode.
clock
(23) Main clock
(24)
Manual
Main PLL
clock
Main PLL
clock
When the clock mode select bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCS[2:0])
are set to "0b011", the device transits to main PLL clock mode after waiting for the
main PLL clock oscillation stabilization wait time.
Main clock
Immediately after clock mode select bits in the system clock control register
(SYCC:SCS[2:0]) are set to "0b010", the device transits to main clock mode.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
41
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
H ard war e
3.5
Ma nu al
Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode
(Standby Mode)
There are four standby modes: sleep mode, stop mode, time-base timer mode
and watch mode.
■ Overview of Transiting to and Returning from Standby Mode
There are four standby modes: sleep mode, stop mode, time-base timer mode, and watch mode.
The device transits to standby mode according to the settings in the standby control register
(STBC).
The device is released from standby mode by an interrupt or a reset. Before transiting to
normal operation, the device may wait for the oscillation stabilization wait time to elapse if
necessary.
When the clock mode returns from standby mode due to a reset, the device returns to main CR
clock mode. When the clock mode returns from standby mode due to an interrupt, the device
returns to the previous clock mode before transiting to standby mode.
■ Pin States in Standby Mode
The pin state setting bit (STBC:SPL) of the standby control register can be used to keep the
preceding state of an I/O port or a peripheral function pin before its transition to stop mode,
time-base timer mode or watch mode, and to set an I/O port or a peripheral function pin to high
impedance in stop mode, time-base timer mode or watch mode.
Refer to the device data sheet for the states of all pins in standby mode.
42
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
Ha rdware
3.5.1
Manual
Notes on Using Standby Mode
Even if the standby control register (STBC) sets standby mode, transition to
standby mode does not occur when an interrupt request has been generated
from a peripheral function. When the device returns from standby mode to the
normal operating state in response to an interrupt, the operation that follows
varies depending on whether the interrupt request is accepted or not.
■ Insert at least three NOP instructions immediately after a standby mode
setting instruction.
The device requires four machine clock cycles before entering standby mode after it is set in
the standby control register. During that period, the CPU executes the program. To avoid
program execution during this transition to standby mode, insert at least three NOP
instructions.
The device still runs normally even if instructions other than NOP instructions are inserted
after the instruction that sets the device to transit to standby mode. On this occasion, the
following two events may occur. Firstly, an instruction that should be executed after the
standby mode is released may be executed before the device transits to standby mode.
Secondly, the device may transit to standby mode while an instruction is being executed, and
the execution of that same instruction is resumed after the device is released from standby
mode (increasing the number of instruction execution cycles).
■ Check that clock mode transition has been completed before setting the
standby mode.
Before setting the standby mode, ensure that clock-mode transition has been completed by
comparing the values of the clock mode monitor bits (SYCC:SCM[2:0]) and clock mode select
bits (SYCC:SCS[2:0]) in the system clock control register.
■ An interrupt request may suppress the transition to standby mode.
When the standby mode is set with an interrupt request whose interrupt level is higher than
"0b11" having been issued, the device ignores the value written to the standby control register
and continues executing instructions without transiting to the standby mode set. Even after the
interrupt of that interrupt request is processed, the device does not transit to the standby mode
set.
The same operations are executed when interrupts are disabled by the interrupt enable flag
(CCR:I) and the interrupt level bits (CCR:IL[1:0]) of the condition code register of the CPU.
■ The standby mode is also released when the CPU rejects interrupts.
When an interrupt request whose interrupt level is higher than "0b11" is issued in standby
mode, the device is released from standby mode, regardless of the settings of the interrupt
enable flag (CCR:I) and the interrupt level bits (CCR:IL[1:0]) of the condition code register
(CCR) of the CPU.
After being released from standby mode, the device processes interrupts if interrupts are to be
accepted according to the settings of the condition code register (CCR) of the CPU. If
interrupts are not to be accepted according to the settings of CCR, the device resumes
instruction execution from the instruction following the one executed before the device transits
to standby mode.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
43
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Standby Mode State Transition Diagram
Figure 3.5-1 shows a standby mode state transition diagram.
Figure 3.5-1 Standby Mode State Transition Diagram
Power on
Reset state
A reset occurs in any state.
<1>
Main CR clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time
+
sub-CR clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time
(3)
Stop mode
(4)
Main clock/main PLL clock/main CR clock/
main CR PLL clock/subclock/sub-CR clock
oscillation stabilization wait time
(7)
Normal
(RUN) state
(5)
Sleep mode (Flash recovery wait time*)
(8)
Watch mode
(1)
Sleep mode (Flash recovery wait time*)
(6)
Sleep mode (Flash recovery wait time*)
(2)
Sleep mode (Flash recovery wait time*)
Sleep mode
Time-base
timer mode
*: Flash memory recovery wait time (SCLK: source clock, MCLK: machine clock)
•
In main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode, or main CR PLL clock mode
Maximum: 10 SCLK + 150 µs + 6 MCLK
•
In subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode
Maximum: 2 SCLK + 150 µs + 6 MCLK
44
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
Ha rdware
Table 3.5-1
Manual
Table of State Transition (Transition to and from Standby Mode)
State transition
Description
After a reset, the device transits to main CR clock mode.
If the reset that has occurred is a power-on reset, a watchdog reset, a software reset,
Normal operation after reset
<1>
or an external reset, the device always wait for the main CR clock oscillation
state
stabilization wait time and the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time to
elapse.
The device transits to sleep mode when "1" is written to the sleep bit in the standby
(1)
control register (STBC:SLP).
In response to an interrupt from a peripheral function, after the Flash recovery wait
time elapses, the device returns to the RUN state.
Sleep mode
During the Flash recovery wait time, the device transits to sleep mode. (The CPU
(2)
stops its operation; the peripheral function resumes its operation.)
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time
occurs.
The device transits to stop mode when "1" is written to the stop bit in the standby
(3)
control register (STBC:STP).
In response to an external interrupt, after the oscillation stabilization wait time
required according to the current clock mode and the Flash recovery wait time elapse,
the device returns to the RUN state.
When the oscillation stabilization wait time is shorter than the Flash recovery wait
Stop mode
time, after the oscillation stabilization wait time elapses, the device transits to sleep
mode and remains in sleep mode until the Flash recovery wait time elapses.
(4)
When the oscillation stabilization wait time is longer than the Flash recovery wait
time, after the oscillation stabilization wait time elapses, the device returns to the
RUN state.
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time
occurs.
The device transits to time-base timer mode when "1" is written to the watch bit in
(5)
the standby control register (STBC:TMD) in main clock mode, main PLL clock
mode, main CR clock mode or main CR PLL clock mode.
In response to an interrupt from a peripheral function, after the Flash recovery wait
Time-base timer mode
time elapses, the device returns to the RUN state.
During the Flash recovery wait time, the device transits to sleep mode. (The CPU
(6)
stops its operation; the peripheral function resumes its operation.)
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time
occurs.
The device transits to watch mode when "1" is written to the watch bit in the standby
(7)
control register (STBC:TMD) in subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode.
In response to an interrupt from a peripheral function, after the Flash recovery wait
time elapses, the device returns to the RUN state.
Watch mode
During the Flash recovery wait time, the device transits to sleep mode. (The CPU
(8)
stops its operation; the peripheral function resumes its operation.)
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time
occurs.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
45
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
H ard war e
3.5.2
Ma nu al
Sleep Mode
In sleep mode, the operations of the CPU and watchdog timer are stopped.
■ Operations in Sleep Mode
In sleep mode, the CPU and the operating clock for the watchdog timer are stopped. The CPU
retains the contents of registers and RAM existing at the point immediately before the device
transits to sleep mode and stops; however, all peripheral functions except the watchdog timer
continue their operations.
In the case of hardware watchdog timer, if it is enabled in standby mode by the non-volatile
register function, in sleep mode, the sub-CR clock does not stop and the hardware watchdog
timer continues its operation. For details, see "CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER
(NVR) INTERFACE".
● Transition to sleep mode
Writing "1" to the sleep bit in the standby control register (STBC:SLP) causes the device to
enter sleep mode.
● Release from sleep mode
A reset or an interrupt from a peripheral function releases the device from sleep mode.
Even after a reset occurs or an interrupt is generated by a peripheral function, the device
continues operating in sleep mode until the Flash recovery wait time elapses.
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time occurs.
For details of the Flash recovery wait time, see Figure 3.5-1.
46
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
Ha rdware
3.5.3
Manual
Stop Mode
In stop mode, the main clock, the main PLL clock, the main CR clock, the main
CR PLL clock and the subclock are stopped.
■ Operations in Stop Mode
In stop mode, the main clock, the main PLL clock, the main CR clock, the main CR PLL clock
and the subclock are stopped. In this mode, while retaining the contents of registers and RAM
existing at the point immediately before the device transits to stop mode, the device stops all
functions except external interrupt and low-voltage detection reset.
As for hardware watchdog timer, if it is enabled in standby mode by the non-volatile register
function, in stop mode, the sub-CR clock does not stop and the hardware watchdog timer
continues its operation. For details, see "CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR)
INTERFACE".
● Transition to stop mode
Writing "1" to the stop bit in the standby control register (STBC:STP) causes the device to
transit to stop mode. At that point, if the pin state setting bit in the standby control register
(STBC:SPL) is "0", the states of the external pins are kept; if the SPL bit is "1", the states of
the external pins become high impedance (a pin is pulled up if the pull-up resistor connection
for that pin is selected in the pull-up register).
● Release from stop mode
The device is released from stop mode by a reset or an external interrupt. In any clock mode, if
the hardware watchdog timer is enabled in standby mode by the non-volatile register function,
the sub-CR clock does not stop, and the watchdog timer and the watch prescaler operate in stop
mode. The device can also be released from stop mode by an interrupt from the watch
prescaler. For details, see "CHAPTER 28
NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR)
INTERFACE".
After a reset occurs or an interrupt is generated by a peripheral function, the device executes
different operations, depending on the relation between the oscillation stabilization wait time
and the Flash recovery wait time as explained below.
•
When the oscillation stabilization wait time is shorter than the Flash recovery wait time
After the oscillation stabilization wait time elapses, the device transits to sleep mode and
remains in sleep mode until the Flash recovery wait time elapses.
•
When the oscillation stabilization wait time is longer than the Flash recovery wait time
After the oscillation stabilization wait time elapses, the device returns to the RUN state.
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time occurs.
For details of the Flash recovery wait time, see Figure 3.5-1.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
47
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Note:
If the device is released from stop mode by an interrupt, a peripheral function having
transited to stop mode during operation resumes operating from the point at which it
transited to stop mode. Therefore, some settings of that peripheral function, such as the
initial interval time of the interval timer, become undefined. Initialize that peripheral
function if necessary after releasing the device from stop mode.
48
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
Ha rdware
3.5.4
Manual
Time-base Timer Mode
In time-base timer mode, only the main clock oscillator, the main PLL clock
oscillator, the subclock oscillator, the time-base timer, and the watch prescaler
operate. The CPU and the operating clock for peripheral functions are stopped
in this mode.
■ Operations in Time-base Timer Mode
The time-base timer mode is a mode in which main clock supply and main PLL clock is
stopped except the clock supply to the time-base timer. In this mode, while retaining the
contents of registers and RAM existing at the point immediately before the device transits to
time-base timer mode, the device stops all functions except the time-base timer, external
interrupt and low-voltage detection reset.
Subclock oscillation and sub-CR clock oscillation can be enabled or disabled by the subclock
oscillation enable bit and the sub-CR clock oscillation enable bit in the system clock control
register 2 (SYCC2:SOSCE, SCRE) respectively. If the subclock oscillates, the watch prescaler
continues its operation.
In the case of hardware watchdog timer, if it is enabled in standby mode by the non-volatile
register function, in time-base timer mode, the sub-CR clock does not stop and the hardware
watchdog timer continues its operation. For details, see "CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE
REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE".
● Transition to time-base timer mode
If the clock mode monitor bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCM[2:0]) are
"0b010", "0b011", "0b110", or "0b111", writing "1" to the watch bit in the standby control
register (STBC:TMD) causes the device to transit to time-base timer mode.
The device can transit to time-base timer mode only when the clock mode is main clock mode,
main PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode or main CR PLL clock mode.
After the device transits to time-base timer mode, if the pin state setting bit in the standby
control register (STBC:SPL) is "0", the states of the external pins are kept; if the SPL bit is "1",
the states of the external pins become high impedance (a pin is pulled up if the pull-up resistor
connection for that pin is selected in the pull-up register).
● Release from time-base timer mode
The device is released from time-base timer mode by a reset, a time-base timer interrupt, or an
external interrupt.
Subclock oscillation and sub-CR clock oscillation can be enabled or disabled by setting the
subclock oscillation enable bit (SOSCE) and the sub-CR clock oscillation enable bit (SCRE) in
the system clock control register 2 (SYCC2). When the subclock oscillates, the device can be
released from time-base timer mode by an interrupt from the watch prescaler.
Even after a reset occurs or an interrupt is generated by a peripheral function, the device
continues operating in sleep mode until the Flash recovery wait time elapses.
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time occurs.
For details of the Flash recovery wait time, see Figure 3.5-1.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
49
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Note:
If the device is released from time-base timer mode by an interrupt, a peripheral function
having transited to time-base timer mode during operation resumes operating from the
point at which it transited to time-base timer mode. Therefore, some settings of that
peripheral function, such as the initial interval time of the interval timer, become
undefined. Initialize that peripheral function if necessary after releasing the device from
time-base timer mode.
50
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby
Mode)
Ha rdware
3.5.5
Manual
Watch Mode
In watch mode, only the subclock, the sub-CR clock and the watch prescaler
operate. The CPU and the operating clock for peripheral functions are stopped
in this mode.
■ Operations in Watch Mode
In watch mode, while retaining the contents of registers and RAM existing at the point
immediately before the device transits to watch mode, the device stops all functions except the
watch prescaler, external interrupt and low-voltage detection reset.
In the case of hardware watchdog timer, if it is enabled in standby mode by the non-volatile
register function, in watch mode, the sub-CR clock does not stop and the hardware watchdog
timer continues its operation. For details, see "CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER
(NVR) INTERFACE".
● Transition to watch mode
If the clock mode monitor bits in the system clock control register (SYCC:SCM[2:0]) are
"0b000" or "0b100", writing "1" to the watch bit in the standby control register (STBC:TMD)
causes the device to transit to watch mode.
The device can transit to watch mode only when the clock mode is subclock mode or sub-CR
clock mode.
After the device transits to watch mode, if the pin state setting bit in the standby control
register (STBC:SPL) is "0", the states of the external pins are kept; if the SPL bit is "1", the
states of the external pins become high impedance (a pin is pulled up if the pull-up resistor
connection for that pin is selected in the pull-up register).
● Release from watch mode
The device is released from watch mode by a reset, a watch interrupt, or an external interrupt.
Even after a reset occurs or an interrupt is generated by a peripheral function, the device
continues operating in sleep mode until the Flash recovery wait time elapses.
However, if a program is being executed on the RAM, no Flash recovery wait time occurs.
For details of the Flash recovery wait time, see Figure 3.5-1.
Note:
If the device is released from watch mode by an interrupt, a peripheral function having
transited to watch mode during operation resumes operating from the point at which it
transited to watch mode. Therefore, some settings of that peripheral function, such as the
initial interval time of the interval timer, become undefined. Initialize that peripheral
function if necessary after releasing the device from watch mode.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
51
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.6 Clock Oscillator Circuit
H ard war e
3.6
Ma nu al
Clock Oscillator Circuit
The clock oscillator circuit generates an internal clock with an oscillator
connected to the clock oscillation pin or by inputting a clock signal to the clock
oscillation pin.
■ Clock Oscillator Circuit
● Using crystal oscillators and ceramic oscillators
Connect crystal oscillators or ceramic oscillators as shown in Figure 3.6-1.
Figure 3.6-1 Sample Connection of Crystal Oscillators and Ceramic Oscillators
Connecting to two external clocks
Main clock
oscillator circuit
X0
C
X1
C
Subclock
oscillator circuit
X0A
X1A
C
C
● Using external clock
As shown in Figure 3.6-2, to supply clock signals to the main clock from an external clock,
connect that external clock to the X0 pin, and write "10" to the PFSEL[1:0] bits in the SYSC
register; to supply clock signals to the subclock from an external clock, connect that external
clock to the X0A pin, and write "10" to the PGSEL[1:0] bits in the SYSC register. For details
of the SYSC register, see "CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER".
Figure 3.6-2 Sample Connection of External Clocks
X1 open
Main clock
oscillator circuit
X0
52
Subclock
oscillator circuit
X0A
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.7 Overview of Prescaler
Ha rdware
3.7
Manual
Overview of Prescaler
The prescaler generates the count clock source to be supplied to various
peripheral functions from the machine clock (MCLK) and the count clock
output from the time-base timer.
■ Prescaler
The prescaler generates the count clock source to be supplied to various peripheral functions
from the machine clock (MCLK) with which the CPU operates and from the count clock
(FCH/27, FCH/28, FCRH/26, FCRH/27, FPLL/26, or FPLL/27) output from the time-base timer. The
count clock source is a clock whose frequency is divided by the prescaler or a buffered clock.
The peripheral functions listed below use the clock whose frequency is divided by the prescaler
as the count clock source.
The prescaler has no control register and always operates with the machine clock (MCLK) and
the count clock (FCH/27, FCH/28, FCRH/26, FCRH/27, FPLL/26, or FPLL/27) of the time-base
timer.
•
8/16-bit composite timer
•
8/12-bit A/D converter
•
8/16-bit PPG
•
16-bit reload timer
•
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
53
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.8 Configuration of Prescaler
H ard war e
3.8
Ma nu al
Configuration of Prescaler
Figure 3.8-1 is the block diagram of the prescaler.
■ Block Diagram of Prescaler
Figure 3.8-1 Block Diagram of Prescaler
Prescaler
MCLK/2
MCLK/4
Counter value
MCLK/8
MCLK (machine clock)
From
time-base
timer
FCH/2
7
FCRH/2
6
or
FCH/2
5-bit
counter
MCLK/16
Output
control circuit
MCLK/32
6
FPLL/2
FCH/27, FCRH/26 or FPLL/26
FCH/28, FCRH/27 or FPLL/27
or
8
FCRH/2
7
7
FPLL/2
Count
clock
source
to
different
peripheral
functions
MCLK : Machine clock (internal operating frequency)
FCH
: Main clock frequency
: Main CR clock frequency
FCRH
: PLL clock frequency
FPLL
•
5-bit counter
This counter counts the machine clock (MCLK) and outputs the count value to the output
control circuit.
•
Output control circuit
Based on the 5-bit counter value, this circuit supplies clocks generated by dividing the
machine clock (MCLK) by 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 to individual peripheral functions. The circuit
also buffers the clock from the time-base timer (FCH/27, FCH/28, FCRH/26, FCRH/27,
FPLL/26, or FPLL/27) and supplies it to peripheral functions.
■ Input Clock
The prescaler uses the machine clock, or the output clock of the time-base timer as the input
clock.
■ Output Clock
The prescaler supplies clocks to the following peripheral functions:
54
•
8/16-bit composite timer
•
8/12-bit A/D converter
•
8/16-bit PPG
•
16-bit reload timer
•
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.9 Operation of Prescaler
Ha rdware
3.9
Manual
Operation of Prescaler
The prescaler generates count clock sources to different peripheral functions.
■ Operation of Prescaler
The prescaler generates count clock sources from a clock whose frequency is generated by
dividing the machine clock(MCLK),or from buffered signals from the time-base timer(FCH/27,
FCH/28, FCRH/26, FCRH/27, FPLL/26, or FPLL/27), and then supplies them to different peripheral
functions. The prescaler keeps operating while the machine clock and the clocks from the timebase timer are being supplied.
Table 3.9-1, Table 3.9-2 and Table 3.9-3 list the count clock sources generated by the
prescaler.
Table 3.9-1
Count Clock Sources Generated by Prescaler (FCH)
Count clock source
frequency
Frequency
(FCH = 20 MHz,
MCLK = 10 MHz)
Frequency
(FCH = 32 MHz,
MCLK = 16 MHz)
Frequency
(FCH = 32.5 MHz,
MCLK = 16.25 MHz)
MCLK/2
MCLK/4
MCLK/8
MCLK/16
MCLK/32
5 MHz
2.5 MHz
1.25 MHz
0.625 MHz
0.3125 MHz
8 MHz
4 MHz
2 MHz
1 MHz
0.5 MHz
8.125 MHz
4.0625 MHz
2.0313 MHz
1.0156 MHz
0.5078 MHz
FCH/27
156.25 kHz
250 kHz
253.9 kHz
FCH/28
78.125 kHz
125 kHz
126.95 kHz
Table 3.9-2
Count Clock Sources Generated by Prescaler (FCRH)
Count clock source
frequency
Frequency
(FCRH = 4 MHz,
MCLK= 4 MHz)
MCLK/2
MCLK/4
MCLK/8
MCLK/16
MCLK/32
2 MHz
1 MHz
0.5 MHz
0.25 MHz
125 kHz
FCRH/26
62.5 kHz
FCRH/27
31.25 kHz
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
55
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.9 Operation of Prescaler
H ard war e
Table 3.9-3
Count Clock Sources Generated by Prescaler (FPLL)
Count clock source
frequency
56
Ma nu al
Frequency
(FPLL = 8 MHz,
MCLK = 8 MHz)
Frequency
(FPLL = 10 MHz,
MCLK = 10 MHz)
Frequency
(FPLL = 12 MHz,
MCLK = 12 MHz)
Frequency
(FPLL = 16 MHz,
MCLK = 16 MHz)
MCLK/2
MCLK/4
MCLK/8
MCLK/16
MCLK/32
4 MHz
2 MHz
1 MHz
0.5 MHz
0.25 MHz
5 MHz
2.5 MHz
1.25 MHz
0.625 MHz
0.3125 MHz
6 MHz
3 MHz
1.5 MHz
0.75 MHz
0.375 MHz
8 MHz
4 MHz
2 MHz
1 MHz
0.5 MHz
FPLL/26
125 kHz
156.25 kHz
187.5 kHz
0.25 MHz
FPLL/27
62.5 kHz
78.125 kHz
93.75 kHz
125 kHz
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.10 Notes on Using Prescaler
Ha rdware
3.10
Manual
Notes on Using Prescaler
This section provides notes on using the prescaler.
The prescaler operates with the machine clock and the clock generated from the time-base
timer, and keeps operating while those clocks are being supplied. Therefore, in the operation
immediately after a peripheral function is started, an error of up to one cycle of the clock
source captured by that peripheral function will occur, depending on the output value of the
prescaler.
Figure 3.10-1 Clock Capture Error Occurring Immediately after a Peripheral Function Starts
Prescaler output
Start of peripheral function
Clock captured by
peripheral function
Clock capture error
immediately after
a peripheral function starts
The prescaler count value affects the following peripheral functions:
•
8/16-bit composite timer
•
8/12-bit A/D converter
•
8/16-bit PPG
•
16-bit reload timer
•
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
57
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER
3.10 Notes on Using Prescaler
H ard war e
58
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 4
RESET
This section describes the reset operation.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
4.1
Reset Operation
4.2
Register
4.3
Notes on Using Reset
59
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.1 Reset Operation
H ard war e
4.1
Ma nu al
Reset Operation
When a reset source occurs, the CPU immediately stops the process being
executed and enters the reset release wait state. When the reset is released,
the CPU reads mode data and the reset vector from the Flash memory (mode
fetch). When the power is switched on or when the device is released from a
reset in subclock mode, sub-CR clock mode, or stop mode, the CPU performs
mode fetch after the oscillation stabilization wait time has elapsed.
■ Reset Sources
There are five reset sources for the reset.
Table 4.1-1 Reset Sources
Reset source
Reset condition
External reset
"L" level is input to the external reset pin.
Software reset
"1" is written to the software reset bit in the standby control register
(STBC:SRST).
Watchdog reset
The watchdog timer overflows.
Power-on reset
The power is switched on.
Low-voltage detection reset (optional)
The supply voltage falls below the detection voltage.
● External reset
An external reset is generated if "L" level is input to the external reset pin (RST).
An external input reset signal is received asynchronously with the operating clock of the
microcontroller via the internal noise filter and then generates an internal reset signal that is
synchronized with the machine clock to initialize the internal circuit. Therefore, the operating
clock of the microcontroller is necessary for initializing the internal circuit. In order to operate
with the external clock, external clock signals must be input. However, the external pins
(including I/O ports and peripheral functions) are reset asynchronously. In addition, there is a
standard value of the pulse width for external reset input. If the value is below the standard
value, a reset signal may not be accepted.
The standard value is shown in the device data sheet. Design an external reset circuit that
satisfies the standard value.
● Software reset
Writing "1" to the software reset bit of the standby control register (STBC:SRST) generates a
software reset.
● Watchdog reset
After the watchdog timer starts, a watchdog reset is generated if the watchdog timer is not
cleared within a predetermined period of time.
● Power-on reset
A power-on reset is generated when the power is switched on.
60
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.1 Reset Operation
Ha rdware
Manual
● Low-voltage detection reset (optional)
The circuit is only available on certain products. Check the availability of the circuit in the
device data sheet.
The low-voltage detection reset circuit generates a reset if the power supply voltage falls below
a predetermined level.
The logical function of the low-voltage detection reset is equivalent to that of the power-on
reset. All information relating to the power-on reset of this hardware manual also applies to the
low-voltage detection reset.
However, the LVD control register (LVDC) of the low-voltage detection circuit is not reset by
the low-voltage detection reset.
For details of the low-voltage detection reset, see "CHAPTER 16
DETECTION CIRCUIT".
LOW-VOLTAGE
■ Reset Time
The reset time varies according to the reset source.
•
In the case of software reset, watchdog reset and external reset:
The reset time is affected by the number of machine cycles selected before a reset, the
RAM access protection function inhibiting resets during the RAM access, and the sub-CR
clock oscillation stabilization wait time. The effective time of the RAM access protection
function lengthens according to the number of machine clock cycles selected before a reset.
When a reset occurs with the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization bit in the system clock
control register 2 (SYCC2:SCRDY) set to "1", the device is released from the reset state
after the main CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time elapses.
When a reset occurs with the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization bit in the system clock
control register 2 (SYCC2:SCRDY) set to "0", the device is released from the reset state
after both sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time and main CR clock oscillation
stabilization wait time elapse.
•
In the case of power-on reset and low-voltage detection reset:
The device is released from the reset state after both sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization
wait time and main CR clock oscillation stabilization wait time elapse.
■ Reset Output
When the reset input function is effective and the reset output function is effective, the RST pin
outputs "L" level while resetting it. However, the function to output "L" level is not provided
for external reset in the reset pin.
For details of the reset input function and the reset output function setting, see "CHAPTER 30
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
61
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.1 Reset Operation
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Overview of Reset Operation
Figure 4.1-1 Reset Operation Flow
Supress resets
during RAM access
Suppress resets
during RAM access
During reset
Power-on reset/
low-voltage delection
reset
External reset input
Software reset
Watchdog reset
Sub-CR clock is ready?
YES
Sub-CR clock is ready?
YES
NO
NO
Sub-CR clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time reset state
Sub-CR clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time reset state
Released from
external reset?
Sub-CR clock
oscillation stabilization
wait time reset state
NO
YES
Main CR clock oscillation
stabilization wait time
Mode fetch
Capture mode data
Capture reset vector
Normal operation
(Run state)
Capture instruction code from the
address indicated by the reset
vector and execute the instruction.
In any reset, the CPU performs mode fetch after the main CR clock oscillation stabilization
wait time elapses.
■ Effect of Reset on RAM Contents
When a reset occurs, the CPU halts the operation of the command currently being executed,
and enters the reset state. However, during RAM access execution, in order to protect the RAM
access, an internal reset signal synchronized with the machine clock is generated after an RAM
access ends. This function prevents a word-data write operation from being interrupted by a
reset while data of two bytes is being written.
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CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.1 Reset Operation
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Pin State During a Reset
When a reset occurs, an I/O port or a peripheral function pin remains high impedance until the
setting of that I/O port or that peripheral function pin by software is executed after the reset is
released.
Note:
Connect a pull-up resistor to a pin that becomes high impedance during a reset to prevent
the device from malfunctioning.
For details of the states of all pins during a reset, refer to the device data sheet.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
63
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.2 Register
H ard war e
4.2
Ma nu al
Register
This section provides details of the register for reset.
Table 4.2-1
List of Register for Reset
Register
abbreviation
RSRR
64
Register name
Reset source register
Reference
4.2.1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.2 Register
Ha rdware
4.2.1
Manual
Reset Source Register (RSRR)
The reset source register indicates the source of a reset generated.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
EXTS
WDTR
PONR
HWR
SWR
Attribute
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
■ Register Functions
[bit7:5] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit4] EXTS: External reset flag bit
When this bit is set to "1", that indicates an external reset has occurred.
When any other reset occurs, this bit retains the value that has existed before such reset occurs.
A read access or a write access (writing "0" or "1") to this bit sets it to "0".
bit4
Details
Read access
Sets this bit to "0".
Being set to "1"
Indicates that the an external reset has occurred.
Write access
Sets this bit to "0".
[bit3] WDTR: Watchdog reset flag bit
When this bit is set to "1", that indicates a watchdog reset has occurred.
When any other reset occurs, this bit retains the value that has existed before such reset occurs.
A read access or a write access (writing "0" or "1") to this bit sets it to "0".
bit3
Details
Read access
Sets this bit to "0".
Being set to "1"
Indicates that the a watchdog reset has occurred.
Write access
Sets this bit to "0".
[bit2] PONR: Power-on reset flag bit
When this bit is set to "1", that indicates a power-on reset or a low-voltage detection reset (optional) has
occurred.
When any other reset occurs, this bit retains the value that has existed before such reset occurs
The circuit is only available on certain products. Check the availability of the circuit in the device data sheet.
A read access or a write access (writing "0" or "1") to this bit sets it to "0".
bit2
Details
Read access
Sets this bit to "0".
Being set to "1"
Indicates that the a power-on reset or a low-voltage detection reset (optional) has occurred.
Write access
Sets this bit to "0".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
65
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.2 Register
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit1] HWR: Hardware reset flag bit
When this bit is set to "1", that indicates a hardware reset (power-on reset, low-voltage detection reset
(optional), external reset or watchdog reset) other than software reset has occurred. Therefore, when any of
bit4 to bit2 is set to "1", this bit is set to "1" as well.
When a software reset occurs, the bit retains the value that has existed before the software reset occurs.
A read access or a write access (writing "0" or "1") to this bit sets it to "0".
bit1
Details
Read access
Sets this bit to "0".
Being set to "1"
Indicates that the a hardware reset has occurred.
Write access
Sets this bit to "0".
[bit0] SWR: Software reset flag bit
When this bit is set to "1", that indicates a software reset has occurred.
When a hardware reset occurs, the bit retains the value that has existed before the hardware reset occurs.
A read access or a write access (writing "0" or "1") to this bit or a power-on reset sets it to "0".
bit0
Details
Read access
Sets this bit to "0".
Being set to "1"
Indicates that the a software reset has occurred.
Write access
Sets this bit to "0".
Note:
Since reading the reset source register clears its contents, save the contents of this
register to the RAM before using those contents for calculation.
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CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.2 Register
Ha rdware
Manual
■ State of Reset Source Register (RSRR)
Table 4.2-2 State of Reset Source Register
Reset source
EXTS
WDTR
PONR
HWR
SWR
Power-on reset


1
1
0
Low-voltage detection reset (optional)


1
1
0
Software reset
1
Watchdog reset
External reset
1:
1
1
1
1
Flag set
:
:
Previous state kept
Indeterminate
EXTS: When this bit is set to "1", that indicates an external reset has occurred.
WDTR: When this bit is set to "1", that indicates a watchdog reset has occurred.
PONR: When this bit is set to "1", that indicates a power-on reset or low-voltage detection reset (optional) has
occurred.
HWR:
When this bit is set to "1", that indicates one of the following reset has occurred: an external reset, a
watchdog reset, a power-on reset or a low-voltage detection reset (optional).
SWR:
When this bit is set to "1", that indicates that a software reset has occurred.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
67
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.3 Notes on Using Reset
H ard war e
4.3
Ma nu al
Notes on Using Reset
This section provides notes on using the reset.
■ Notes on Using Reset
● Initialization of registers and bits by reset source
Some registers and bits are initialized only by a certain reset source.
68
•
The type of reset source determines which bit in the reset source register (RSRR) is to be
initialized.
•
The oscillation stabilization wait time setting register (WATR) of the clock controller can
only be initialized by a power-on reset.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 5
INTERRUPTS
This chapter describes the interrupts.
5.1
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
Interrupts
69
CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
H ard war e
5.1
Ma nu al
Interrupts
This section describes the interrupts.
■ Overview of Interrupts
The New 8FX family has 24 interrupt request inputs for respective peripheral functions, for
each of which an interrupt level can be set independently to each other.
When a peripheral function generates an interrupt request, the interrupt request is output to the
interrupt controller. The interrupt controller checks the interrupt level of that interrupt request
and then notifies the CPU of the generation of the interrupt. The CPU processes that interrupt
according to the interrupt acceptance status. The device wakes up from standby mode by an
interrupt request generated in standby mode and resumes executing instructions.
■ Interrupt Requests from Peripheral Functions
When the CPU receives an interrupt request, it branches to the interrupt service routine with
the interrupt vector table address corresponding to the interrupt request as the address of the
branch destination.
The priority of each interrupt request in interrupt processing can be set to one of the four levels
by the interrupt level setting registers (ILR0 to ILR5).
While an interrupt is being processed in the interrupt service routine, if another interrupt whose
interrupt request is of the same level or below the one of the interrupt being processed is
generated, it is processed after the current interrupt service routine is completed. In addition, if
multiple interrupt requests that are set to the same interrupt level are made, IRQ00 is at the top
of the priority order.
For interrupt sources, refer to "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
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CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
Ha rdware
5.1.1
Manual
Interrupt Level Setting Registers (ILR0 to ILR5)
The interrupt level setting registers (ILR0 to ILR5) contain 24 pairs of 2-bit data
assigned to the interrupt requests of different peripheral functions. Each pair
of bits (interrupt level setting bits) is used to set the interrupt level of an
interrupt request.
■ Register Configuration
ILR0
bit
7
Field
6
5
L03[1:0]
4
3
L02[1:0]
2
1
L01[1:0]
0
L00[1:0]
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ILR1
bit
Field
L07[1:0]
L06[1:0]
L05[1:0]
L04[1:0]
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ILR2
bit
Field
L11[1:0]
L10[1:0]
L09[1:0]
L08[1:0]
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ILR3
bit
Field
L15[1:0]
L14[1:0]
L13[1:0]
L12[1:0]
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ILR4
bit
Field
L19[1:0]
L18[1:0]
L17[1:0]
L16[1:0]
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ILR5
bit
Field
L23[1:0]
L22[1:0]
L21[1:0]
L20[1:0]
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
The interrupt level setting registers assign a pair of bits to every interrupt request. The values
of interrupt level setting bits in these registers represent the priority of an interrupt request
(interrupt level: 0 to 3) in interrupt processing.
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CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
H ard war e
Ma nu al
The interrupt level setting bits are compared with the interrupt level bits in the condition code
register (CCR:IL[1:0]).
If the interrupt level of an interrupt request is 3, the CPU ignores that interrupt request.
Table 5.1-1 shows the relationships between interrupt level setting bits and interrupt levels.
Table 5.1-1 Relationships Between Interrupt Level Setting Bits and Interrupt Levels
LXX[1:0]
Interrupt level
Priority
00
0
Highest
01
1
10
2
11
3
Lowest (No interrupt)
XX:00 to 23 Number of an interrupt request
While the main program is being executed, the interrupt level bits in the condition code register
(CCR:IL[1:0]) are "0b11".
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CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
Ha rdware
5.1.2
Manual
Interrupt Processing
When an interrupt request is made by a peripheral function, the interrupt
controller notifies the CPU of the interrupt level of that interrupt request. When
the CPU is ready to accept interrupts, it halts the program it is executing and
executes an interrupt service routine.
■ Interrupt Processing
The procedure for processing an interrupt is as follows: the generation of an interrupt source in a
peripheral function, the execution of the main program, the setting of the interrupt request flag bit,
the checking of the interrupt request enable bit, the determination of the interrupt level (ILR0 to
ILR5 and CCR:IL[1:0]), the checking for interrupt requests of the same interrupt level made
simultaneously, and the checking of the interrupt enable flag (CCR:I).
Figure 5.1-1 shows the interrupt processing.
Internal data bus
Figure 5.1-1 Interrupt Processing
START
Condition code register (CCR)
I
IL
Check
CPU
(7)
Comparator
(5)
Release from stop mode
RAM
Initialize peripheral resources
Interrupt
from peripheral
resource?
NO
(6)
Interrupt request
flag
YES
Interrupt request
enabled
(3)
Peripheral
resource interrupt request
output enabled?
NO
AND
(3)
Each peripheral resource
Level comparator
(1)
Release from sleep mode
Release from time-base
timer mode or watch mode
(4)
Interrupt
controller
YES
Determine interrupt priority and
(4) transfer interrupt level to CPU
(5)
Compare interrupt level
with IL bit in PS
Interrupt level higher
than IL value?
YES
NO
I flag = 1?
(2) Execute main program
YES
NO
Interrupt service routine
Clear interrupt request
Save PC and PS to stack
(7) Restore PC and PS
Execute interrupt processing
RETI
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
(6)
PC ← interrupt vector
Update IL in PS
73
CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
H ard war e
Ma nu al
(1) All interrupt requests are disabled immediately after a reset. In the peripheral function
initialization program, initialize those peripheral functions that generate interrupts and set
their interrupt levels in their respective interrupt level setting registers (ILR0 to ILR5)
before starting operating such peripheral functions. The interrupt level can be set to 0, 1, 2,
or 3. Level 0 is given the highest priority, and level 1 the second highest. Assigning level 3
to a peripheral function disables interrupts from that peripheral function.
(2) Execute the main program (or the interrupt service routine in the case of nested interrupts).
(3) When an interrupt source is generated in a peripheral function, the interrupt request flag bit
for that peripheral function is set to "1". Provided that the interrupt request enable bit for
that peripheral function has been set to the value that enables interrupts, an interrupt request
of that peripheral function is output to the interrupt controller.
(4) The interrupt controller keeps monitoring interrupt requests from individual peripheral
functions and notifies the CPU of the interrupt level having priority over the others among
interrupt levels already made. If there are interrupt requests having the same interrupt level,
their positions in the priority order are also compared in the interrupt controller.
(5) If the interrupt level received has priority over (smaller interrupt level number) the level set
in the interrupt level bits in the condition code register (CCR:IL[1:0]), the CPU checks the
content of the interrupt enable flag (CCR:I), and accepts the interrupt provided that
interrupts have been enabled (CCR:I = 1).
(6) The CPU saves the contents of the program counter (PC) and the program status (PS) to the
stack, captures the start address of the interrupt service routine from the corresponding
interrupt vector table address, modifies the values of the interrupt level bits in the condition
code register (CCR:IL[1:0]) to the values of the interrupt level received, then starts
executing the interrupt service routine.
(7) Finally, the CPU uses the RETI instruction to restore the values of the program counter
(PC) and the program status (PS) from the stack and resumes executing the instruction
following the one executed just before the interrupt.
Note:
The interrupt request flag bit for a peripheral function is not automatically cleared to "0"
after an interrupt request is accepted. Therefore, clear such bit to "0" by using a program
(writing "0" to the interrupt request flag bit) in the interrupt service routine.
The low power consumption mode (standby mode) is released by an interrupt. For details, see
"3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby Mode)".
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CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
Ha rdware
5.1.3
Manual
Nested Interrupts
Different interrupt levels can be assigned to multiple interrupt requests from
peripheral functions in the interrupt level setting registers (ILR0 to ILR5) to
process nested interrupts.
■ Nested Interrupts
During the execution of an interrupt service routine, if another interrupt request whose interrupt
level has priority over the interrupt level of the interrupt being processed is made, the CPU
suspends the current interrupt processing and accepts the interrupt request given priority. The
interrupt level of an interrupt request can be set to 0 to 3. If it is set to 3, the CPU does not
accept that interrupt request.
[Example: Nested interrupts]
In the following example of nested interrupts, assuming that the external interrupt is to be
given priority over the timer interrupt, the interrupt level of the timer interrupt is set to 2 and
that of the external interrupt to 1. If the external interrupt is generated while the timer interrupt
is being processed, they are processed as shown in Figure 5.1-2.
Figure 5.1-2 Example of Nested Interrupts
Main Program
Timer Interrupt Processing
Interrupt level 2
(CCR:IL[1:0]=0b10)
External Interrupt Processing
Interrupt level 1
(CCR:IL[1:0]=0b01)
Initialize peripheral resources (1)
Timer interrupt occurs (2)
(3) External interrupt
occurs
(4) Process external interrupt
Suspend
Resume
Resume main program
(8)
(6) Process timer interrupt
(5) Return from external interrupt
(7) Return from timer interrupt
• While the timer interrupt is being processed, the interrupt level bits in the condition code
register (CCR:IL[1:0]) hold the same value as that of the interrupt level setting registers
(ILR0 to ILR5) corresponding to the timer interrupt (level 2 in the above example). If an
interrupt request whose interrupt level has priority over the interrupt level of the timer
interrupt (level 1 in the above example) is made, that interrupt is processed first.
• To temporarily disable nested interrupts processing while the timer interrupt is being
processed, disable interrupts by setting the interrupt enable flag in the condition code
register (CCR:I) to "0", or set the interrupt level bits (CCR:IL[1:0]) to "0b00".
• After the interrupt processing is completed, if the interrupt return instruction (RETI) is
executed, the value of the program counter (PC) and that of the program status (PS) are
restored, and the CPU resumes executing the program interrupted. In addition, the values of
the condition code register (CCR) return to the ones existing before the interrupt due to the
restoration of the value of the program status (PS).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
H ard war e
5.1.4
Ma nu al
Interrupt Processing Time
Before the CPU enters the interrupt service routine after an interrupt request is
made, it needs to wait for the interrupt processing time, which consists of the
time between the occurrence of an interrupt request and the end of the
execution of the instruction being executed, and the interrupt handling time
(the time required to initiate interrupt processing) to elapse. The maximum
interrupt processing time is 26 machine clock cycles.
■ Interrupt Processing Time
Before executing the interrupt service routine after an interrupt request is made, the CPU needs
to wait for the interrupt request sampling wait time and the interrupt handling time to elapse.
● Interrupt request sampling wait time
The CPU decides whether an interrupt request has occurred by sampling the interrupt request
during the last cycle of each instruction. Therefore, the CPU cannot recognize interrupt
requests while executing an instruction. This sampling wait time reaches its maximum when an
interrupt request occurs immediately after the CPU starts executing the DIVU instruction,
whose execution cycle is the longest (17 machine clock cycles).
● Interrupt handling time
After accepting an interrupt, the CPU requires nine machine clock cycles to perform the
following interrupt processing setup:
• Saves the value of the program counter (PC) and that of the program status (PS) to the
stack.
• Sets the PC to the start address (interrupt vector) of interrupt service routine.
• Updates the interrupt level bits (CCR:IL[1:0]) in the program status (PS).
Figure 5.1-3 Interrupt Processing Time
Normal instruction execution
Interrupt handling
Interrupt service routine
CPU operation
Interrupt wait time
Interrupt request
sampling wait time
Interrupt handling time
(9 machine clock cycles)
Interrupt request generated
: Last instruction cycle in which the interrupt request is sampled
When an interrupt request occurs immediately after the CPU starts executing the DIVU
instruction, whose execution cycle is the longest (17 machine clock cycles), the interrupt
processing time spans 26 machine clock cycles.
The span of a machine clock cycle varies depending on the clock mode and main clock speed
change (gear function). For details, see "CHAPTER 3 CLOCK CONTROLLER".
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CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
Ha rdware
5.1.5
Manual
Stack Operation During Interrupt Processing
This section describes how the contents of a register are saved and restored
during interrupt processing.
■ Stack Operation at the Start of Interrupt Processing
Once the CPU accepts an interrupt, it automatically saves the current value of the program
counter (PC) and that of the program status (PS) values to the stack.
Figure 5.1-4 shows the stack operation at the start of interrupt processing.
Figure 5.1-4 Stack Operation at Start of Interrupt Processing
Immediately before interrupt
Immediately after interrupt
Address Memory
PS 0x0870
PC 0xE000
SP 0x0280
0x027C
0x027D
0x027E
0x027F
0x0280
0x0281
0xXX
0xXX
0xXX
0xXX
0xXX
0xXX
Address Memory
SP 0x027C
PS 0x0870
PC 0xE000
0x027C 0x08
0x027D 0x70
0x027E 0xE0
0x027F 0x00
0x0280 0xXX
0x0281 0xXX
}
}
PS
PC
■ Stack Operation after Returning from Interrupt
When the CPU executes the interrupt return instruction (RETI) at the end of interrupt
processing, it restores from the stack the value of the program status (PS) first and that of the
program counter (PC), which is opposite to the sequence of saving the two values to the stack.
After the restoration, both PS and PC return to their states before the start of interrupt
processing.
Note:
Since the value of the accumulator (A) and that of the temporary accumulator (T) are not
automatically saved to the stack, use the PUSHW and POPW instructions to save and
restore the values of A and T.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS
5.1 Interrupts
H ard war e
5.1.6
Ma nu al
Interrupt Processing Stack Area
The stack area in RAM is used for interrupt processing. The stack pointer (SP)
contains the start address of the stack area.
■ Interrupt Processing Stack Area
The stack area is also used for saving and restoring the program counter (PC) when the
subroutine call instruction (CALL) or the vector call instruction (CALLV) is executed, and for
saving temporarily and restoring register contents by the PUSHW and POPW instructions.
• The stack area is secured on the RAM together with the data area.
• Initialize the stack pointer (SP) so that it indicates the biggest RAM address and make the
data area start from the smallest RAM address.
Figure 5.1-5 shows an example of setting the interrupt processing stack area.
Figure 5.1-5 Example of Setting Interrupt Processing Stack Area
0x0000
I/O
0x0080
RAM
Data area
0x0100
Stack area
Generalpurpose
register
0x0200
Recommended SP value
(when the biggest RAM address is 0x0280)
0x0280
Access
prohibited
Addresses vary among products. For details,
refer to the device data sheet.
Flash
memory
0xFFFF
Note:
The stack area is utilized by interrupts, sub-routine calls, the PUSHW instruction, etc. in
descending order of addresses. It is released by return instructions (RETI, RET), the
POPW instruction, etc. in ascending order of addresses. If the address value of the stack
area used decreases due to nested interrupts or subroutine calls, do not let the stack
area overlap the data area and the general-purpose register area, both of which retain
other data.
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 6
I/O PORT
This chapter describes the configuration and
operations of the I/O port.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
6.1
Overview
6.2
Configuration and Operations
79
CHAPTER 6 I/O PORT
6.1 Overview
H ard war e
6.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The I/O port is used to control general-purpose I/O pins.
■ Overview of I/O Port
The I/O port has functions to output data from the CPU and capture input signals into the CPU
with the port data register (PDR). The I/O direction of an individual I/O pin can be set as desired
by using the corresponding to that I/O pin in the port direction register (DDR).
The number of I/O ports varies among products. For the exact number of I/O ports on a product,
refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "x" represents the port number in a register name. For details of register names
and their respective abbreviations of a product, refer to the device data sheet.
Table 6.1-1 lists the registers for each port.
Table 6.1-1 List of Port Registers
Register name
Register abbreviation
Port x data register
PDRx
Port x direction register
DDRx
Port x pull-up register
PULx
A/D input disable register (upper)*
AIDRH
A/D input disable register (lower)*
AIDRL
*: Refer to "■ I/O MAP" in the device data sheet for the availability of the A/D input disable register
(upper) and A/D input disable register (lower).
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CHAPTER 6 I/O PORT
6.2 Configuration and Operations
Ha rdware
6.2
Manual
Configuration and Operations
This section focuses on its configuration and operations as a general-purpose
I/O port.
For details of peripheral functions, see their respective chapters.
■ Configuration of I/O Port
An I/O port is made up of the following elements.
• General-purpose I/O pins/peripheral function I/O pins
• Port x data register (PDRx)
• Port x direction register (DDRx)
• Port x pull-up register (PULx)
• A/D input disable register (upper) (AIDRH)
• A/D input disable register (lower) (AIDRL)
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CHAPTER 6 I/O PORT
6.2 Configuration and Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Operations of I/O Port
● Operation as an output port
• A pin becomes an output port if the bit in the DDRx register corresponding to that pin is set
to "1".
• For a pin shared with other peripheral functions, disable the output of such peripheral
functions.
• When a pin is used as an output port, it outputs the value of the PDRx register to external
pins.
• If data is written to the PDRx register, the value is stored in the output latch and is output to
the pin set as an output port as it is.
• Reading the PDRx register returns the PDRx register value.
• To use a pin shared with the LCDC segment/common output pin as an output port, set a
corresponding function select bit in an LCDC enable register (LCDCE:COM/SEG) to "0" to
select the general-purpose I/O port function, and then set the port input control bit in the
LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1:PICTL) to "1".
• To use a pin shared with the LCD drive power supply pin as an output port, set the bit
corresponding to that pin in the VE[4:0] bits in the LCDCE1 register to "0" to select the
general-purpose I/O port function.
● Operation as an input port
• A pin becomes an input port if the bit in the DDRx register corresponding to that pin is set
to "0".
• For a pin shared with other peripheral functions, disable the output of such peripheral
functions.
• When using a pin shared with the analog input function as an input port, set the
corresponding bit in the A/D input disable register (upper/lower) (AIDRH/AIDRL) to "1".
• If data is written to the PDRx register, the value is stored in the output latch but is not
output to the pin set as an input port.
• Reading the PDRx register returns the pin value. However, if the read-modify-write (RMW)
type of instruction is used to read the PDRx register, the PDRx register value is returned.
• To use a pin shared with the LCDC as an input port, set a corresponding function select bit
(COM/SEG) in an LCDCE register to "0" to select the general-purpose I/O port function,
and then set the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register to "1".
• To use a pin shared with the LCD drive power supply pin as an input port, set the bit
corresponding to that pin in the VE[4:0] bits in the LCDCE1 register to "0" to select the
general-purpose I/O port function.
● Operation as a peripheral function output pin
• A pin becomes a peripheral function output pin if the peripheral output function is enabled
by setting the output enable bit of a peripheral function corresponding to that pin.
• The pin value can be read from the PDRx register even if the peripheral function output is
enabled. Therefore, the output value of a peripheral function can be read by the read
operation on the PDRx register. However, if the read-modify-write (RMW) type of
instruction is used to read the PDRx register, the PDRx register value is returned.
● Operation as a peripheral function input pin
• To set a pin as an input port, set the bit in the DDRx register bit corresponding to the input
pin of a peripheral function to "0".
• When using a pin shared with the analog input function as another peripheral function input
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6.2 Configuration and Operations
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pin, configure it as an input port by setting the bit in the AIDRH/AIDRL register
corresponding to that pin to "1".
• Reading the PDRx register returns the pin value, regardless of whether the peripheral
function uses that pin as its input pin. However, if the read-modify-write (RMW) type of
instruction is used to read the PDRx register, the PDRx register value is returned.
● Operation as an LCDC segment output pin
• Set the bit in the DDRx register corresponding to an LCDC segment output pin to "0".
• To use a pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port as an LCDC segment output pin, set a
corresponding function select bit (SEG) in an LCDCE register to "1" to select the LCDC
segment output function, and then set the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register to "1".
● Operation as an LCDC common output pin
• Set the bit in the DDRx register corresponding to an LCDC segment output pin to "0".
• To use a pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port as an LCDC common output pin, set a
corresponding function select bit (COM) in an LCDCE register to "1" to select the LCDC
segment output function, and then set the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register to "1".
● Operation at reset
If the CPU is reset, all bits in the DDRx register are initialized to "0" and port input is enabled.
As for a pin shared with the analog input function, its port input is disabled because the
AIDRH/AIDRL register is initialized to "0".
● Operation in stop mode and watch mode
• If the pin state setting bit in the standby control register (STBC:SPL) is set to "1" and the
device transits to stop mode or watch mode, the pin is compulsorily made to enter the high
impedance state regardless of the DDRx register value. The input of that pin is locked at "L"
level and blocked in order to prevent leaks due to input open. However, if the interrupt input
is enabled for the external interrupt, the input is enabled and not blocked.
• If the pin state setting bit is "0", the state of the port I/O or that of the peripheral function
I/O remains unchanged and the output level is maintained.
● Operation as an LCD drive power supply pin
• Set the bit in the DDRx register corresponding to an LCD drive power supply pin to "0".
• To use a pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port an LCD drive power supply pin, set the
bit corresponding to that pin in the VE[4:0] bits in the LCDCE1 register to "1" to select the
LCD drive power supply function.
● Operation as an analog input pin
• Set the bit in the DDRx register corresponding to the analog input pin to "0" and the bit
corresponding to that pin in the AIDRH/AIDRL register to "0".
• For a pin shared with other peripheral functions, disable the output of such peripheral
functions. In addition, set the corresponding bit in the PULx register to "0".
● Operation as an external interrupt input pin
• Set the bit in the DDRx register corresponding to the external interrupt input pin to "0".
• For a pin shared with other peripheral functions, disable the output of such peripheral
functions.
• The pin value is always input to the external interrupt circuit. When using a pin for a
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function other than the interrupt, disable the external interrupt function corresponding to
that pin.
● Operation of the pull-up register
Setting the bit in the PULx register to "1" makes the pull-up resistor be internally connected to
the pin. When the pin output is "L" level, the pull-up resistor is disconnected regardless of the
value of the PULx register.
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Manual
CHAPTER 7
TIME-BASE TIMER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the time-base timer.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
7.1
Overview
7.2
Configuration
7.3
Interrupt
7.4
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
7.5
Register
7.6
Notes on Using Time-base Timer
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7.1 Overview
H ard war e
7.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The time-base timer is a 24-bit free-run down-counting counter. It is
synchronized with the main clock divided by two, or with the main CR clock or
with the PLL clock. The clock can be selected by the SCS[2:0] bits in the SYCC
register. The time-base timer has an interval timer function that can repeatedly
generate interrupt requests at regular intervals.
■ Interval Timer Function
The interval timer function repeatedly generates interrupt requests at regular intervals by using
the main clock divided by two, or using the main CR clock or using the PLL clock as the count
clock.
•
The counter of the time-base timer counts down so that an interrupt request is generated
every time a selected interval time elapses.
•
The length of an interval time can be selected from the following 16 types.
Table 7.1-1 shows the interval times available for the time-base timer.
Table 7.1-1
Interval Times of Time-base Timer
Interval time if the main clock
is used
Interval time if the main CR
clock is used
Interval time if the main clock or
the main CR clock is multiplied by
a PLL multiplication rate of 2
(2n  2/FCH*1)
(2n  1/FCRH*2)
(2n  1/FPLL*3)
256 s
128 s
n=10
512 s
256 s
128 s
n=11
1.024 ms
512 s
256 s
n=9
64 s
n=12
2.048 ms
1.024 ms
512 s
n=13
4.096 ms
2.048 ms
1.024 ms
n=14
8.192 ms
4.096 ms
2.048 ms
n=15
16.384 ms
8.192 ms
4.096 ms
n=16
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
8.192 ms
n=17
65.536 ms
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
n=18
131.072 ms
65.536 ms
32.768 ms
n=19
262.144 ms
131.072 ms
65.536 ms
n=20
524.288 ms
262.144 ms
131.072 ms
n=21
1.049 s
524.288 ms
262.144 ms
n=22
2.097 s
1.049 s
524.288 ms
n=23
4.194 s
2.097 s
1.049 s
n=24
8.389 s
4.194 s
2.097 s
*1: FCH = 4 MHz
2/FCH = 0.5 s
*2: FCRH = 4 MHz
1/FCRH = 0.25 s
*3: FPLL = 8 MHz
PLL multiplication rate = 2
(FCH or FCRH)  PLL multiplication rate = 4 MHz  2 = 8 MHz
1/FPLL = 0.125 s
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CHAPTER 7 TIME-BASE TIMER
7.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
7.2
Manual
Configuration
The time-base timer consists of the following blocks:
• Time-base timer counter
• Counter clear circuit
• Interval timer selector
• Time-base timer control register (TBTC)
■ Block Diagram of Time-base Timer
Figure 7.2-1 Block Diagram of Time-base Timer
Time-base timer counter
To prescaler
To software watchdog timer
FCH divided by 2
×21 ×22 ×23 ×24 ×25 ×26 ×27 ×28 ×29 ×210 ×211 ×212 ×213 ×214 ×215 ×216 ×217 ×218 ×219 ×220 ×221 ×222 ×223 ×224
FCRH
FPLL
SCM2
SCM1
SCM0
SCS2
SCS1
SCS0
System clock control register (SYCC)
DIV1
DIV0
Counter clear
Software watchdog timer clear
Counter
clear circuit
Resets
Stops main clock oscillation or main CR clock oscillation
Interval timer
selector
Time-base timer interrupt
TBIF
TBIE
-
TBC3
TBC2
TBC1
TBC0
TCLR
Time-base timer control register (TBTC)
FCH : Main clock
FCRH : Main CR clock
FPLL : PLL clock
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● Time-base timer counter
This is a 24-bit downcounter using the main clock divided by two, the main CR clock or the
PLL clock as its count clock.
● Counter clear circuit
This circuit controls the clearing of the time-base timer counter.
● Interval timer selector
This circuit selects one bit out of 16 bits in the 24 bits of the time-base timer counter as the
interval timer.
● Time-base timer control register (TBTC)
This register selects the interval time, clears the counter, controls interrupts and checks the
state of the time-base timer.
■ Input Clock
The time-base timer uses the main clock divided by two, the main CR clock or the PLL clock
as its input clock (count clock).
■ Output Clock
The time-base timer supplies clocks to the clock supervisor counter, the software watchdog
timer and the prescaler.
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CHAPTER 7 TIME-BASE TIMER
7.3 Interrupt
Ha rdware
7.3
Manual
Interrupt
An interrupt request is generated when the interval time selected by the timebase timer elapses (interval timer function).
■ Interrupt When Interval Function Is in Operation
When the time-base timer counter counts down by using the internal count clock and the timebase timer counter underflows due to the passage of the selected interval time, the time-base
timer interrupt request flag bit (TBTC:TBIF) is set to "1". If the time-base timer interrupt
request enable bit is enabled (TBTC:TBIE = 1), an interrupt request will be generated to the
interrupt controller.
•
Regardless of the value of the TBIE bit, the TBIF bit is set to "1" when the selected bit
underflows.
•
With the TBIF bit having been set to "1", if the TBIE bit is changed from the disable state
to the enable state (0  1), an interrupt request is generated immediately.
•
The TBIF bit will not be set to "1" if the counter is cleared (TBTC:TCLR = 1) at the same
time as the time-base timer counter underflows.
•
In the interrupt service routine, write "0" to the TBIF bit to clear an interrupt request.
Note:
When enabling the output of interrupt requests after canceling a reset (TBTC:TBIE = 1),
always clear the TBIF bit at the same time (TBTC:TBIF = 0).
Table 7.3-1
Interrupt of Time-base Timer
Item
Description
Interrupt condition
The interval time set by "TBTC:TBC[3:0]" has elapsed.
Interrupt flag
TBTC:TBIF
Interrupt enable
TBTC:TBIE
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7.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
7.4
Ma nu al
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
This section describes the operations of the interval timer function of the timebase timer.
■ Operations of Time-base Timer
The counter of the time-base timer is initialized to "0xFFFFFF" after a reset, and starts
counting while being synchronized with the main clock divided by two, the main CR clock or
the PLL clock.
The time-base timer continues to count down as long as the main clock, the main CR clock or
the PLL clock is oscillating. Once the main clock, the main CR clock or the PLL clock stops,
the counter stops counting and is initialized to "0xFFFFFF".
The settings shown in Figure 7.4-1 are required to use the interval timer function.
Figure 7.4-1 Settings of Interval Timer Function
TBTC
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
TBIF
TBIE
-
TBC3
TBC2
TBC1
TBC0
TCLR
0
1
: Bit to be used
1 : Set to "1".
0 : Set to "0".
0
When the time-base timer clear bit in the time-base timer control register (TBTC:TCLR) is set
to "1", the counter of the time-base timer is initialized to "0xFFFFFF" and continues to count
down. When the selected interval time has elapsed, the time-base timer interrupt request flag
bit in the time-base timer control register (TBTC:TBIF) becomes "1". In other words, an
interrupt request is generated at each interval time selected, based on the time when the counter
was last cleared.
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7.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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■ Clearing Time-base Timer
With the output of the time-base timer being used in other peripheral functions, clearing the
time-base timer affects their operations in various ways such as changing the count time of a
peripheral function.
When clearing the counter by using the time-base timer clear bit (TBTC:TCLR), modify the
settings of other peripheral functions whenever necessary so that clearing the counter does not
have any unexpected effect on them.
When the output of the time-base timer is selected as the count clock for the watchdog timer,
clearing the time-base timer also clears the watchdog timer.
The time-base timer is cleared not only by the TCLR bit, but also when the main clock, the
main CR clock or the PLL clock is stopped, and the oscillation stabilization wait time is
necessary. The time-base timer is cleared in the following situations:
•
When the device transits from main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock
mode or main CR PLL clock mode to stop mode
•
When the device transits from the main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock
mode or main CR PLL clock mode to subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode
•
At power-on
•
At low-voltage detection reset
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7.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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■ Operation Examples of Time-base Timer
Figure 7.4-2 shows examples of operations under the following conditions:
1. When a power-on reset is generated
2. When the device enters the sleep mode during the operation of the interval timer function in
main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode or main CR PLL clock
mode
3. When the device enters the stop mode during main clock mode, main PLL clock mode,
main CR clock mode or main CR PLL clock mode
4. When a request is generated to clear the counter
If the device transits to the time-base time mode, the same operations are executed as those
executed when the device transits to the sleep mode.
In stop mode in which the clock mode is subclock mode, sub-CR clock mode, main clock
mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode or main CR PLL clock mode, the timer
operation stops because it is cleared and the main clock stops.
Figure 7.4-2 Operations of Time-base Timer
Counter value
(count down)
0xFFFFFF
Count value detected in
TBTC:TBC[3:0]
Interval cycle
(TBTC:TBC[3:0] = 0b0011)
Cleared by
transition
to stop mode
0x000000
Oscillation
stabilization
wait time
1) Power-on reset
Oscillation
stabilization wait time
4) Counter cleared
(TBTC:TCLR = 1)
Cleared at
interval setting
Cleared in interrupt
service routine
TBIF bit
TBIE bit
Sleep
2) SLP bit
(STBC register)
3) STP bit
(STBC register)
Stop
Sleep mode released by
time-base timer interrupt
Stop mode released by external interrupt
• When setting the interval time select bits in time-base timer control register (TBTC:TBC[3:0]) to "0b0011" (216 × 2/FCH)
•
•
•
•
•
•
92
TBTC:TBC[3:0] : Interval time select bits in time-base timer control register
TBTC:TCLR
: Time-base timer initialization bit in time-base timer control register
TBTC:TBIF
: Time-base timer interrupt request flag bit in time-base timer control register
: Time-base timer interrupt request enable bit in time-base timer control register
TBTC:TBIE
STBC:SLP
: Sleep bit in standby control register
STBC:STP
: Stop bit in standby control register
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 7 TIME-BASE TIMER
7.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the time-base timer.
● Initial settings
1. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
2. Set the interval time. (TBTC:TBC[3:0])
3. Enable interrupts and clear the interrupt request flag. (TBTC:TBIE = 1, TBTC:TBIF = 0)
4. Clear the counter. (TBTC:TCLR = 1)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Processing interrupts
1. Clear the interrupt request flag. (TBTC:TBIF = 0)
2. Clear the counter. (TBTC:TCLR = 1)
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7.5 Register
H ard war e
7.5
Ma nu al
Register
This section describes the register of the time-base timer.
Table 7.5-1
Register
abbreviation
TBTC
94
List of Time-base Timer Register
Register name
Time-base timer control register
Reference
7.5.1
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CHAPTER 7 TIME-BASE TIMER
7.5 Register
Ha rdware
7.5.1
Manual
Time-base Timer Control Register (TBTC)
The time-base timer control register (TBTC) selects the interval time, clears the
counter, controls interrupts and checks the status of the time-base timer.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
TBIF
TBIE
—
TBC3
TBC2
TBC1
TBC0
TCLR
Attribute
R/W
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] TBIF: Time-base timer interrupt request flag bit
This bit is set to "1" when the interval time selected by the time-base timer has elapsed.
When this bit and the time-base timer interrupt request enable bit (TBIE) are set to "1", an interrupt request is
output.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit7
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the interval time has not elapsed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the interval time has elapsed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit6] TBIE: Time-base timer interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables output of interrupt requests to interrupt controller.
When this bit and the time-base timer interrupt request flag bit (TBIF) are set to "1", a time-base timer
interrupt request is output.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the time-base timer interrupt request.
Writing "1"
Enables the time-base timer interrupt request.
[bit5] Undefined bit
The read value is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
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7.5 Register
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[bit4:1] TBC[3:0]: Interval time select bits
These bits select interval time.
Details
bit4:1
Interval time
(Main clock,
FCH = 4 MHz)
Interval time
(Main CR clock,
FCRH = 4 MHz)
Interval time
(Main clock or main CR clock
multiplied by a PLL
multiplication rate of 2,
FPLL = 8 MHz)
Writing "0100"
29 2/FCH (256 µs)
29 1/FCRH (128 µs)
29 1/FPLL (64 µs)
Writing "0000"
210 2/FCH (512 µs)
210 1/FCRH (256 µs)
210 1/FPLL (128 µs)
Writing "0101"
211 2/FCH (1.024 ms)
211 1/FCRH (512 µs)
211 1/FPLL (256 µs)
Writing "0001"
212 2/FCH (2.048 ms)
212 1/FCRH (1.024 ms)
212 1/FPLL (512 µs)
Writing "0110"
213 2/FCH (4.096 ms)
213 1/FCRH (2.048 ms)
213 1/FPLL (1.024ms)
Writing "0010"
214  2/FCH (8.192 ms)
214 1/FCRH (4.096 ms)
214  1/FPLL (2.048 ms)
Writing "0111"
215 2/FCH (16.384 ms)
215 1/FCRH (8.192 ms)
215  1/FPLL (4.096 ms)
Writing "0011"
216 2/FCH (32.768 ms)
216  1/FCRH (16.384 ms)
216 1/FPLL (8.192 ms)
Writing "1000"
217 2/FCH (65.536 ms)
217 1/FCRH (32.768 ms)
217 1/FPLL (16.384 ms)
Writing "1001"
218 2/FCH (131.072 ms)
218 1/FCRH (65.536 ms)
218 1/FPLL (32.768 ms)
Writing "1010"
219 2/FCH (262.144 ms)
219 1/FCRH (131.072 ms)
219 1/FPLL (65.536 ms)
Writing "1011"
220 2/FCH (524.288 ms)
220  1/FCRH (262.144 ms)
220  1/FPLL (131.072 ms)
Writing "1100"
221 2/FCH (1.049s)
22 1/FCRH (524.288ms)
221 1/FPLL (262.144ms)
Writing "1101"
222 2/FCH (2.097s)
222  1/FCRH (1.049s)
222 1/FPLL (524.288ms)
Writing "1110"
223 2/FCH (4.194s)
223 1/FCRH (2.097s)
223 1/FPLL (1.049s)
Writing "1111"
224 2/FCH (8.389s)
224 1/FCRH (4.194s)
224  1/FPLL (2.097s)
[bit0] TCLR: Time-base timer clear bit
This bit clears all bits in the counter of the time-base timer to "1".
bit0
Details
Read access
The read value is always "0".
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Clears all bits in the counter of the time-base timer to "1".
Note: When the output of the time-base timer is selected as the count clock for the software watchdog timer,
clear the time-base timer with this bit also clears the software watchdog timer.
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CHAPTER 7 TIME-BASE TIMER
7.6 Notes on Using Time-base Timer
Ha rdware
7.6
Manual
Notes on Using Time-base Timer
This section provides notes on using the time-base timer.
■ Notes on Using Time-base Timer
● When setting the timer by program
The timer cannot be waken up from interrupt processing when the time-base timer interrupt
request flag bit (TBTC:TBIF) is set to "1" and the interrupt request enable bit is enabled
(TBTC:TBIE = 1). Always clear the TBIF bit in the interrupt service routine.
● Clearing Time-base Timer
The time-base timer is cleared not only by the time-base timer clear bit (TBTC:TCLR = 1) but
also when the oscillation stabilization wait time of the main clock, of the main CR clock or of
the PLL clock is required. When the time-base timer is selected as the count clock of the
software watchdog timer (WDTC:CS[1:0] = 0b00 or 0b01), clearing the time-base timer also
clears the software watchdog timer.
● Peripheral functions receiving clock from time-base timer
In the mode where the source oscillation of the main clock is stopped, the counter is cleared
and the time-base timer stops operating. In addition, if the counter of the time-base timer is
cleared with the output of the time-base timer being used in other peripheral functions, that will
affect the operations of such peripheral operations such as the changing of their operating
cycles.
After the counter of the time-base timer is cleared, the clock that is output from the time-base
timer for the software watchdog timer returns to the initial state. However, since the software
watchdog timer counter is also cleared at the same time as the clock for the software watchdog
timer returns to the initial state, the software watchdog timer operates in its normal cycle.
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CHAPTER 7 TIME-BASE TIMER
7.6 Notes on Using Time-base Timer
H ard war e
98
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 8
HARDWARE/SOFTWARE
WATCHDOG TIMER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the watchdog timer.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
8.1
Overview
8.2
Configuration
8.3
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
8.4
Register
8.5
Notes on Using Watchdog Timer
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.1 Overview
H ard war e
8.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The watchdog timer serves as a counter used to prevent programs from
running out of control.
■ Watchdog Timer Function
The watchdog timer functions as a counter used to prevent programs from running out of
control. Once the watchdog timer is activated, clear its counter at specified intervals regularly
during a certain amount of time. A watchdog reset is generated if the timer is not cleared within
a certain amount of time due to a problem such as a program entering an infinite loop.
● Count clock for the software/hardware watchdog timer
•
For the software watchdog timer, the output of the time-base timer or of the watch prescaler
or of the sub-CR timer can be used as the count clock.
•
For the hardware watchdog timer, only the output of the sub-CR timer can be used as the
count clock.
● Activation of the software/hardware watchdog timer
•
The software/hardware watchdog timer is to be activated according to the values at the
addresses 0xFFBE and 0xFFBF on the Flash memory, which are copied to the watchdog
timer selection ID register (upper/lower) (WDTH/WDTL) (0x0FEB/0x0FEC).
•
In the case of software activation (software watchdog), the watchdog timer register
(WDTC) must be set to start the watchdog timer function.
•
In the case of hardware activation (hardware watchdog), the watchdog timer starts
automatically after a reset. It can also stop or run in stop mode according to the values at
the addresses 0xFFBE and 0xFFBF on the Flash memory, which are copied to the
watchdog timer selection ID register (upper/lower) (WDTH/WDTL) (0x0FEB/0x0FEC).
See "CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE" for details of
the watchdog timer selection ID.
•
The intervals of the watchdog timer are shown in Table 8.1-1. If the counter of the
watchdog timer is not cleared, a watchdog reset is generated between the minimum time
and the maximum time. Clear the counter of the watchdog timer within the minimum time.
Table 8.1-1 Interval Times of Watchdog Timer
Count clock switch bit
CS[1:0], CSP
Count clock type
Time-base timer output
(main clock = 4 MHz)
Watch prescaler output
(subclock = 32.768 kHz)
Interval time
Minimum time
Maximum time
0b000 (software watchdog timer)
524 ms
1.05 s
0b010 (software watchdog timer)
262 ms
524 ms
0b100 (software watchdog timer)
500 ms
1.00 s
0b110 (software watchdog timer)
250 ms
500 ms
437 ms
2.62 s
Sub-CR timer
0bXX1*1 (software watchdog timer) or
(sub-CR clock = 50 kHz to 150 kHz) hardware watchdog timer*2
*1: X = 0 or 1
*2: CS[1:0] = 0b00, CSP = 1 (read-only)
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
8.2
Manual
Configuration
The watchdog timer consists of the following blocks:
• Count clock selector
• Watchdog timer counter
• Reset control circuit
• Watchdog timer clear selector
• Counter clear control circuit
• Watchdog timer control register (WDTC)
■ Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer
Figure 8.2-1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer
Watchdog timer control register (WDTC)
CS1 CS0 CSP HWWDT WTE3 WTE2 WTE1 WTE0
221/FCH (or 220/FCRH or 220/FPLL),
220/FCH (or 219/FCRH or 219/FPLL)
(Time-base timer output)
214/FCL (or 213/FCRL),
213/FCL (or 212/FCRL)
(Watch prescaler output)
Watchdog timer
Count clock
selector
216/FCRL
(Sub-CR timer)
Clear signal from
time-base timer
Clear Activate
Watchdog
timer counter
Watchdog timer
clear selector
Reset
control
circuit
Reset
signal
Overflow
Clear signal from
watch prescaler
Sleep mode starts
Stop mode starts
Time-base timer/watch mode starts
Stopping or running in stop mode
FCH
FCRH
FPLL
FCL
FCRL
Counter clear
control circuit
: Main clock
: Main CR clock
: PLL clock
: Subclock
: Sub-CR clock
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8.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Count clock selector
This selector selects the count clock of the watchdog timer counter.
● Watchdog timer counter
This is a 1-bit counter that uses the output of the time-base timer, of the watch prescaler or of
the sub-CR timer as the count clock.
● Reset control circuit
This circuit generates a reset signal when the watchdog timer counter overflows.
● Watchdog timer clear selector
This selector selects the watchdog timer clear signal.
● Counter clear control circuit
This circuit controls the clearing and stopping of the watchdog timer counter.
● Watchdog timer control register (WDTC)
This register performs setup for activating/clearing the watchdog timer counter as well as for
selecting the count clock.
■ Input Clock
The watchdog timer uses the output clock of the time-base timer, of the watch prescaler or of
the sub-CR timer as the input clock (count clock).
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.3 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
8.3
Manual
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
The watchdog timer generates a watchdog reset when the watchdog timer
counter overflows.
■ Operations of Watchdog Timer
● How to activate the watchdog timer
Software watchdog
•
The watchdog timer is activated when "0b0101" is written to the watchdog control bits of
the watchdog timer control register (WDTC:WTE[3:0]) for the first time after a reset. The
count clock switch bits of the watchdog timer control register (WDTC:CS[1:0], CSP)
should also be set at the same time.
•
Once the watchdog timer is activated, a reset is the only way to stop its operation.
Hardware watchdog
•
To activate the hardware watchdog timer, write any value except "0xA596" to the addresses
0xFFBE and 0xFFBF on the Flash memory. After a reset, the data in 0xFFBE and 0xFFBF
on the Flash memory are copied to the watchdog timer selection ID register (upper/lower)
(WDTH/WDTL) (0x0FEB/0x0FEC). Writing "0xA597" to the addresses 0xFFBE and
0xFFBF on the Flash memory enables the hardware watchdog timer except in standby
modes; writing any value other than "0xA596" and "0xA597" enables the hardware
watchdog timer in all modes. See "CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR)
INTERFACE" for details of the watchdog timer selection ID.
•
Start operation after a reset is released.
•
CS[1:0] and CSP bits are read-only bits fixed at "0b001".
•
The counter of the watchdog timer is cleared by a reset, and the watchdog timer resumes its
operation after the reset is released.
● Clearing the watchdog timer
•
When the counter of the watchdog timer is not cleared within the interval time, it
overflows, allowing the watchdog timer to generate a watchdog reset.
•
The counter of the hardware watchdog timer is cleared when "0b0101" is written to the
watchdog control bits of the watchdog timer control register (WDTC:WTE[3:0]). The
counter of the software watchdog timer is cleared when "0b0101" is written to the
watchdog control bits of the watchdog timer control register (WDTC:WTE[3:0]) for the
second time and from the second time onward.
•
The watchdog timer is cleared at the same time as the timer selected as the count clock
(time-base timer or watch prescaler) is cleared.
● Operation in standby mode
•
In the case of activating the software watchdog timer, or starting the hardware watchdog
timer with its operation in standby mode disabled, regardless of the clock mode selected,
once the device transits to standby mode, the counter of the watchdog timer is cleared and
the watchdog timer stops its operation. When the device wakes up from standby mode, the
watchdog timer resumes its operation.
•
In the case of activating the hardware watchdog timer with its operation in standby mode
enabled, whether the device transits to standby mode or wakes up from standby mode, the
counter of the watchdog timer is not cleared and the watchdog timer continues its operation.
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.3 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Note:
The watchdog timer is also cleared when the timer selected as the count clock (timebase timer or watch prescaler) is cleared. For this reason, the watchdog timer cannot
function if the software is set to repeatedly clear the timer selected as the count clock
of the watchdog timer at the interval time selected for the watchdog timer.
● Interval time
The interval time varies depending on the timing of clearing the watchdog timer. Figure 8.3-1
shows the correlation between the timing of clearing the watchdog timer and the interval time
when the time-base timer output FCH/221 (FCH: main clock) is selected as the count clock
(main clock = 4 MHz).
Figure 8.3-1 Clearing Timing and Interval Time of Watchdog Timer
Minimum time
524 ms
Time-base timer
count clock output
Watchdog cleared
Overflow
Watchdog 1-bit
counter
Watchdog reset
Maximum time
1.05 s
Time-base timer
count clock output
Watchdog cleared
Overflow
Watchdog 1-bit
counter
Watchdog reset
● Operation in subclock mode
When a watchdog reset is generated in subclock mode, the timer starts operating in main clock
mode after the oscillation stabilization wait time has elapsed. The reset signal is output during
this oscillation stabilization wait time.
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.3 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is the procedure for setting the software watchdog timer.
1. Select the count clock. (WDTC:CS[1:0], CSP)
2. Activate the watchdog timer. (WDTC:WTE[3:0] = 0b0101)
3. Clear the watchdog timer. (WDTC:WTE[3:0] = 0b0101)
Below is the procedure for setting the hardware watchdog timer.
1. Write any value except "0xA596" to the addresses 0xFFBE and 0xFFBF on the Flash
memory. After a reset, the data in 0xFFBE and 0xFFBF on the Flash memory are copied to
the watchdog timer selection ID register (upper/lower) (WDTH/WDTL) (0x0FEB/
0x0FEC). Writing "0xA597" to the addresses 0xFFBE and 0xFFBF on the Flash memory
enables the hardware watchdog timer except in standby modes; writing any value other than
"0xA596" and "0xA597" enables the hardware watchdog timer in all modes. See
"CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE" for details of the
watchdog timer selection ID.
2. Clear the watchdog timer. (WDTC:WTE[3:0] = 0b0101)
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.4 Register
H ard war e
8.4
Ma nu al
Register
This section describes the register of the watchdog timer.
Table 8.4-1
Register
abbreviation
WDTC
106
List of Watchdog Timer Register
Register name
Watchdog timer control register
Reference
8.4.1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.4 Register
Ha rdware
8.4.1
Manual
Watchdog Timer Control Register (WDTC)
The watchdog timer control register (WDTC) activates or clears the watchdog
timer.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
CS1
CS0
CSP
HWWDT
WTE3
WTE2
WTE1
WTE0
Attribute and initial values for software watchdog timer
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
W
W
W
W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attribute and initial values for hardware watchdog timer
Attribute
R
R
R
R
W
W
W
W
Initial value
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] CS[1:0]: Count clock switch bits
[bit5] CSP: Count clock select sub-CR selector bit
These bits select the count clock of the watchdog timer.
Write to these bits at the same time as activating the watchdog timer by the watchdog control bits.
No change can be made once the watchdog timer is activated.
Details
(FCH: main clock, FCRH: main CR clock, FPLL: PLL clock,
FCL: subclock, FCRL: sub-CR clock)
bit7
bit6
bit5
Writing
0
0
0
Output cycle of time-base timer (221/FCH, 220/FCRH or 220/FPLL)
Writing
0
1
0
Output cycle of time-base timer (220/FCH, 219/FCRH or 219/FPLL)
Writing
1
0
0
Output cycle of watch prescaler (214/FCL or 213/FCRL)
Writing
1
1
0
Output cycle of watch prescaler (213/FCL or 212/FCRL)
Writing
0/1
0/1
1
Output cycle of sub-CR timer (216/FCRL)
Note: Since the time-base timer is stopped in subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, always select the output
of the watch prescaler in subclock mode.
[bit4] HWWDT: Hardware watchdog timer start bit
This is a read-only bit used to confirm the start/stop of the hardware watchdog timer.
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the hardware watchdog timer has stopped (The software watchdog timer can be
activated).
Reading "1"
Indicates that the hardware watchdog timer has been activated.
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.4 Register
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3:0] WTE[3:0]: Watchdog control bits
These bits controls the watchdog timer.
The read value of these bits is always "0b0000".
bit3:0
Details
Writing "0101"
Activates the watchdog timer (in the first write access after a reset) or clears it (from the second
write access after a reset).
• In the case of activating the watchdog timer
Writing "0101" to these bits in the first write access after a reset starts the software watchdog
timer.
• In the case of clearing the watchdog timer
Writing "0101" to these bits in the first write access or later after a reset clears the hardware
watchdog timer.
Writing "0101" to these bits in the second write access or later after a reset clears the software
watchdog timer.
Writing a value
other than "0101"
Has no effect on operation.
Note:
Using the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction to access the WDTC register is
prohibited.
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.5 Notes on Using Watchdog Timer
Ha rdware
8.5
Manual
Notes on Using Watchdog Timer
This section provides notes on using the watchdog timer.
■ Notes on Using Watchdog Timer
● Stopping the watchdog timer
Software watchdog timer
Once activated, the watchdog timer cannot be stopped until a reset is generated.
● Selecting the count clock
Software watchdog timer
The count clock switch bits (WDTC:CS[1:0], CSP) can be modified only when the watchdog
control bits (WDTC:WTE[3:0]) are set to "0b0101" after the activation of the watchdog timer.
The count clock switch bits cannot be set by a bit manipulation instruction. Moreover, the bit
settings should not be changed once the timer is activated.
In subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, the time-base timer does not operate because the
main clock, the main CR clock, or the PLL clock stops oscillating.
In order to make the watchdog timer operate in subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, select
the watch prescaler as the count clock beforehand and set WDTC:CS[1:0], CSP to "0b100" or
"0b110" or "0bXX1" (X = 0 or 1).
● Clearing the watchdog timer
Clearing the timer (time-base timer, watch prescaler or sub-CR timer) used as the count clock
of the watchdog timer also clears the counter of the watchdog timer.
The counter of the watchdog timer is cleared when the watchdog timer transits to sleep mode,
stop mode, or watch mode, except in the case of activating hardware watchdog timer whose
operation in standby mode has been enabled.
● Programming precaution
When creating a program in which the watchdog timer is cleared repeatedly in the main loop,
set the processing time of the main loop including the interrupt processing time to the
minimum watchdog timer interval time or shorter.
● Hardware watchdog timer (operation in standby mode has been enabled)
The hardware watchdog timer does not stop in stop mode, sleep mode, time-base timer mode
or watch mode. Therefore, the hardware watchdog timer is not cleared by the CPU even if the
internal clock stops. (in stop mode, sleep mode, time-base timer mode or watch mode).
Regularly release the device from standby mode and clear the watchdog timer. However,
depending on the setting of the oscillation stabilization wait time setting register, a watchdog
reset may be generated after the CPU wakes up from stop mode in subclock mode or sub-CR
clock mode.
Take account of the setting of the subclock stabilization wait time when selecting the subclock.
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CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER
8.5 Notes on Using Watchdog Timer
H ard war e
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 9
WATCH PRESCALER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the watch prescaler.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
9.1
Overview
9.2
Configuration
9.3
Interrupt
9.4
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
9.5
Register
9.6
Notes on Using Watch Prescaler
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CHAPTER 9 WATCH PRESCALER
9.1 Overview
H ard war e
9.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The watch prescaler is a 16-bit down-counting, free-run counter, which is
synchronized with the subclock divided by two or the sub-CR clock divided by
two. It has an interval timer function that continuously generates interrupt
requests at regular intervals.
■ Interval Timer Function
The interval timer function continuously generates interrupt requests at regular intervals, using
the subclock divided by two or the sub-CR clock divided by two as its count clock.
•
The counter of the watch prescaler counts down and an interrupt request is generated
whenever the selected interval time has elapsed.
•
The interval time can be selected from the following eight types:
Table 9.1-1 shows the interval times of the watch prescaler.
Table 9.1-1
Interval Times of Watch Prescaler
Interval time
(Sub-CR clock)
(2n  2/FCRL*1)
Interval time
(Subclock)
(2n  2/FCL*2)
n=10
20.48 ms
62.5 ms
n=11
40.96 ms
125 ms
n=12
81.92 ms
250 ms
n=13
163.84 ms
500 ms
n=14
327.68 ms
1s
n=15
655.36 ms
2s
n=16
1.311 s
4s
n=17
2.621 s
8s
*1: 2/FCRL=20 µs when FCRL=100 kHz
*2: 2/FCL=61.035 µs when FCL=32.768 kHz
Note:
Refer to the device data sheet for the accuracy of the sub-CR clock frequency.
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CHAPTER 9 WATCH PRESCALER
9.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
9.2
Manual
Configuration
The watch prescaler consists of the following blocks:
• Watch prescaler counter
• Counter clear circuit
• Interval timer selector
• Watch prescaler control register (WPCR)
■ Block Diagram of Watch Prescaler
Figure 9.2-1 Block Diagram of Watch Prescaler
Software watchdog timer
Watch prescaler counter (counter)
FCL divided by 2
FCRL divided by 2
× 21
× 22
× 23
× 24
× 25
× 26
× 27
× 28
× 29
× 210 × 211 × 212 × 213 × 214 × 215 × 216 × 217
Counter clear
SYCC:SCM[2:0]
SYCC2:SRDY,
SYCC2:SCRDY
Watchdog timer clear
Resets, or stops
subclock oscillation or
sub-CR clock oscillation
Counter clear
circuit
Interval timer
selector
Interrupt
of watch
prescaler
WTIF
WTIE
-
-
WTC2
WTC1
WTC0 WCLR
Watch prescaler control register (WPCR)
FCL : Subclock
FCRL : Sub-CR clock
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CHAPTER 9 WATCH PRESCALER
9.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Watch prescaler counter (counter)
This is a 16-bit downcounter that uses the subclock divided by two or the sub-CR clock divided
by two as its count clock.
● Counter clear circuit
This circuit controls the clearing of the watch prescaler.
● Interval timer selector
This circuit selects one out of the eight bits used for the interval timer among 17 bits available
in the watch prescaler counter.
● Watch prescaler control register (WPCR)
This register selects the interval time, clears the counter, controls interrupts and checks the
status.
■ Input Clock
The watch prescaler uses the subclock divided by two or the sub-CR clock divided by two as
its input clock (count clock).
■ Output Clock
The watch prescaler supplies its clock to the software watchdog timer.
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CHAPTER 9 WATCH PRESCALER
9.3 Interrupt
Ha rdware
9.3
Manual
Interrupt
An interrupt request is generated when the selected interval time of the watch
prescaler has elapsed (interval timer function).
■ Interrupts in Operation of Interval Timer Function (Watch Prescaler
Interrupts)
In any mode except the stop mode in which the subclock mode or the sub-CR clock mode is
used, if the watch prescaler counter counts down using the subclock divided by two or the subCR clock divided by two and the selected interval time elapses, the watch prescaler interrupt
request flag bit is set to "1" (WPCR:WTIF = 1). At that time, if the watch prescaler interrupt
request enable bit has been enabled (WPCR:WTIE = 1), an interrupt request is output from the
watch prescaler to the interrupt controller.
•
Regardless of the value in the WTIE bit, the WTIF bit is set to "1" as soon as the time set
by the watch prescaler interrupt interval time select bits has elapsed.
•
When the WTIF bit is set to "1", changing the WTIE bit from the disable state to the enable
state (WPCR:WTIE = 0  1) immediately generates an interrupt request.
•
The WTIF bit will not be set to "1" if the counter is cleared (WPCR:WCLR = 1) at the
same time as the selected bit overflows.
•
Write "0" to the WTIF bit in the interrupt service routine to clear an interrupt request.
Note:
To enable the output of interrupt requests after releasing a reset, set the WTIE bit in the
WPCR register to "1" and clear the WTIF bit in the same register simultaneously.
Table 9.3-1
Interrupt of Watch Prescaler
Item
Description
Interrupt condition
Interval time set by "WPCR:WTC[2:0]" has elapsed.
Interrupt flag
WPCR:WTIF
Interrupt enable
WPCR:WTIE
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9.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
9.4
Ma nu al
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
The watch prescaler operates as an interval timer.
■ Operations of Interval Timer Function (Watch Prescaler)
The counter of the watch prescaler continues to count down using the subclock divided by two
or the sub-CR clock divided by two as its count clock as long as the subclock or the sub-CR
clock oscillates.
When cleared (WPCR:WCLR = 1), the counter starts counting down from "0xFFFF". Once it
reaches "0x0000", it returns to "0xFFFF" to continue counting. As soon as the time set by the
interrupt interval time select bits has elapsed during the counting down, the watch prescaler
interrupt request flag bit (WPCR:WTIF) is set to "1" in any mode except the stop mode in
which the subclock mode or the sub-CR clock mode is used. In other words, a watch interrupt
request is generated at every selected interval time, based on the time when the counter was
last cleared.
■ Clearing Watch Prescaler
If the watch prescaler is cleared, other peripheral functions that are using the watch prescaler
output are affected by changes in count time and by other factors.
When clearing the counter using the watch prescaler clear bit (WPCR:WCLR), modify the
settings of other peripheral functions so that clearing the counter does not have any unexpected
effect on them.
When the output of the watch prescaler is selected as the count clock, clearing the watch
prescaler also clears the watchdog timer.
The watch prescaler is cleared not only by the watch prescaler clear bit (WPCR:WCLR) but
also when the subclock or the sub-CR clock is stopped and the oscillation stabilization wait
time is necessary. The watch prescaler is cleared in the following situations:
•
The device transits from the subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode to the stop mode.
•
The subclock oscillation enable bit or the sub-CR clock oscillation enable bit in the system
clock control register 2 (SYCC2:SOSCE or SCRE) is set to "0" in main clock mode, main
PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode, or main CR PLL clock mode.
In addition, the counter of the watch prescaler is cleared and stops operating when a reset is
generated.
■ Input Clock Selection for Watch Prescaler
Below are the clocks selected as input clocks of the watch prescaler in different clock modes.
•
In main clock mode, main PLL clock mode, main CR clock mode, and main CR PLL clock
mode
When the subclock oscillation is enabled and the subclock oscillation stabilization wait
time elapses, the subclock is selected as the input clock of the watch prescaler.
When the sub-CR clock oscillation is enabled and the sub-CR clock oscillation stabilization
wait time elapses, the sub-CR clock is selected as the input clock of the watch prescaler.
When the subclock oscillation and the sub-CR clock oscillation are enabled, and the
oscillation stabilization wait time elapses, the subclock is selected as the input clock of the
watch prescaler.
•
In subclock mode
Only the subclock is used as the input clock of the watch prescaler.
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CHAPTER 9 WATCH PRESCALER
9.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
•
Manual
In sub-CR clock mode
Only the sub-CR clock is used as the input clock of the watch prescaler.
■ Operation Example of Watch Prescaler
Figure 9.4-1 shows an operation example under the following conditions:
1. When a power-on reset occurs
2. When the device transits to the sleep mode during the operation of the interval timer
function in subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode
3. When the device transits to the stop mode during the operation of the interval timer
function in subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode
4. When a request for clearing the counter is issued
The same operation is performed when changing to the watch mode as for when changing to
the sleep mode.
Figure 9.4-1 Watch Prescaler Operation Example
Counter value
(count down)
0xFFFF
Count value detected in
WPCR:WTC[2:0]
Interval time
(WPCR:WTC[2:0] = 0b011)
0x0000
Oscillation stabilization wait time
Cleared by transition
to stop mode
4) Counter cleared
(WPCR:WCLR = 1)
1) Power-on reset
Cleared at interval
setting
Oscillation
stabilization
wait time
Cleared in interrupt
service routine
WTIF bit
WTIE bit
Sleep
2) SLP bit
(STBC register)
3) STP bit
(STBC register)
Sleep mode
released
by watch interrupt
Stop
Stop mode released by external interrupt
• When setting interval time select bits in the watch prescaler control register (WPCR:WTC[2:0]) to "0b011" (214 × 2/FCL)
• WPCR:WTC[2:0] : Watch prescaler interrupt interval time select bits in watch prescaler control register
• WPCR:WCLR : Watch prescaler clear bit in watch prescaler control register
• WPCR:WTIF
: Watch prescaler interrupt request flag bit in watch prescaler control register
• WPCR:WTIE
: Watch prescaler interrupt request enable bit in watch prescaler control register
• STBC:SLP
: Sleep bit in standby control register
• STBC:STP
: Stop bit in standby control register
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9.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the watch prescaler.
● Initial settings
1. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
2. Set the interval time. (WPCR:WTC[2:0])
3. Enable interrupts and clear the interrupt request flag. (WPCR:WTIE = 1, WPCR:WTIF = 0)
4. Clear the counter. (WPCR:WCLR = 1)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Processing interrupts
1. Clear the interrupt request flag. (WPCR:WTIF = 0)
2. Clear the counter. (WPCR:WCLR = 1)
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CHAPTER 9 WATCH PRESCALER
9.5 Register
Ha rdware
9.5
Manual
Register
This section describes the register of the watch prescaler.
Table 9.5-1
List of Watch Prescaler Register
Register
abbreviation
WPCR
Register name
Watch prescaler control register
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Reference
9.5.1
119
CHAPTER 9 WATCH PRESCALER
9.5 Register
H ard war e
9.5.1
Ma nu al
Watch Prescaler Control Register (WPCR)
The watch prescaler control register (WPCR) is a register used to select the
interval time, clear the counter, control interrupts and check the status of the
watch prescaler.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
WTIF
WTIE
—
—
WTC2
WTC1
WTC0
WCLR
Attribute
R/W
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] WTIF: Watch prescaler interrupt request flag bit
This bit is set to "1" when the interval time selected by the watch prescaler has elapsed.
When this bit and the watch prescaler interrupt request enable bit (WTIE) are set to "1", a watch prescaler
interrupt request is output.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit7
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the interval time has not elapsed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the interval time has elapsed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit6] WTIE: Watch prescaler interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables output of interrupt requests to interrupt controller.
When this bit and the watch prescaler interrupt request flag bit (WTIF) are set to "1", a watch prescaler
interrupt request is output.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the watch prescaler interrupt request.
Writing "1"
Enables the watch prescaler interrupt request.
[bit5:4] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
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9.5 Register
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit3:1] WTC[2:0]: Watch prescaler interrupt interval time select bits
These bits select the interval time.
Details
bit3:1
Interval time
(Subclock, FCL = 32.768 kHz)
Interval time
(Sub-CR clock, FCRL = 100 kHz)
Writing "100"
210  2/FCL (62.5 ms)
210  2/FCRL (20.48 ms)
Writing "000"
211  2/FCL (125 ms)
211  2/FCRL (40.96 ms)
Writing "001"
212  2/FCL (250 ms)
212  2/FCRL (81.92 ms)
Writing "010"
213  2/FCL (500 ms)
213  2/FCRL (163.84 ms)
Writing "011"
214  2/FCL (1 s)
214  2/FCRL (327.68 ms)
Writing "101"
215  2/FCL (2 s)
215  2/FCRL (655.36 ms)
Writing "110"
216  2/FCL (4 s)
216  2/FCRL (1.311 s)
Writing "111"
217  2/FCL (8 s)
217  2/FCRL (2.621 s)
[bit0] WCLR: Watch prescaler clear bit
This bit clears all bits in the counter of the watch prescaler to "1".
bit0
Details
Read access
The read value is always "0".
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Clears all bits in the counter of the watch prescaler to "1".
Note: When the output of the watch prescaler is selected as the count clock of the software watchdog timer,
clearing the watch prescaler with this bit also clears the software watchdog timer.
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9.6 Notes on Using Watch Prescaler
H ard war e
9.6
Ma nu al
Notes on Using Watch Prescaler
This section provides notes on using the watch prescaler.
■ Notes on Using Watch Prescaler
● When setting interrupt processing in a program
The watch prescaler cannot be waken up from interrupt processing if the watch prescaler
interrupt request flag bit (WPCR:WTIF) is set to "1" and the interrupt request is enabled
(WPCR:WTIE = 1). Always clear the WTIF bit in the interrupt routine.
● Clearing the watch prescaler
When the watch prescaler is selected as the count clock of the software watchdog timer
(WDTC:CS[1:0], CSP = 0b100 or 0b110), clearing the watch prescaler also clears the software
watchdog timer.
● Watch prescaler interrupts
In stop mode in which the main clock, the main PLL clock, the main CR clock, or the main CR
PLL clock is used, the watch prescaler performs counting, and can generate the watch prescaler
interrupt.
● Peripheral functions receiving clock from the watch prescaler
If the counter of the watch prescaler is cleared when the output of the watch prescaler is used in
other peripheral functions, the operations of such peripheral functions may be affected such as
the changing of their operating cycles.
After the counter of the watch prescaler is cleared, the clock for the software watchdog timer
output from the watch prescaler returns to the initial state. However, since the software
watchdog timer counter is also cleared at the same time as the clock for the software watchdog
timer returns to the initial state, the software watchdog timer operates in its normal cycle.
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 10
WATCH COUNTER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the watch counter.
10.1 Overview
10.2 Configuration
10.3 Interrupt
10.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
10.5 Registers
10.6 Notes on Using Watch Counter
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.1 Overview
H ard war e
10.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The watch counter generates interrupt requests at intervals from 40.96 ms
(min.) to 63 s (max.).
■ Function of Watch Counter
The watch counter performs counting for the number of times specified in the watch counter
data register (WCDR) by using a selected count clock and generates an interrupt request. The
count clock can be selected from eight types shown in Table 10.1-1. The count value can be set
to any number from "0" to "63". No interrupt request is generated when "0" is selected as the
count value.
When the count clock is set to 1 s and the count value "60", an interrupt request is generated
every one minute.
Table 10.1-1 Count Clock Types
Count clock (Sub-CR clock)
(2n  2/FCRL*1)
n = 11
40.96 ms
Count clock (Subclock)
(2n  2/FCL*2)
125 ms
n = 12
81.92 ms
250 ms
n = 13
163.84 ms
500 ms
n = 14
327.68 ms
1s
*1: 2/FCRL = 20 µs when FCRL = 100 kHz
*2: 2/FCL = 61.035 µs when FCL = 32.768 kHz
Note:
Refer to the device data sheet for the accuracy of the sub-CR clock frequency.
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
10.2
Manual
Configuration
The watch counter consists of the following blocks:
• Counter
• Watch counter control register (WCSR)
• Watch counter data register (WCDR)
■ Block Diagram of Watch Counter
Figure 10.2-1 Block Diagram of Watch Counter
Watch counter control register (WCSR)
ISEL
WCFLG
CTR5
CTR4
CTR3
CTR2
CTR1
CTR0
Counter value
Interrupt of watch prescaler
Interrupt of watch counter
Internal bus
Underflow
Interrupt enabled
Counter clear
212/FCL (FCRL)
13
Count clock selection 214/FCL (FCRL)
2 /FCL (FCRL)
From watch prescaler
215/FCL (FCRL)
CS1
CS0
Counter
(6-bit counter)
Reload value
RCTR5 RCTR4 RCTR3 RCTR2 RCTR1 RCTR0
Watch counter data register (WCDR)
FCL : Subclock
FCRL : Sub-CR clock
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Counter
This is a 6-bit downcounter using the output clock of the watch prescaler as its count clock.
● Watch counter control register (WCSR)
This register controls interrupts, checks interrupt status and reads the count value.
● Watch counter data register (WCDR)
This register selects the count clock and sets the counter reload value.
■ Input Clock
The watch counter uses the output clock of the watch prescaler as its input clock (count clock).
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.3 Interrupt
Ha rdware
10.3
Manual
Interrupt
The watch counter outputs an interrupt request when the counter underflows
(counter value = 0b000001).
■ Watch Counter Interrupt
When the counter of the watch counter underflows, the watch counter interrupt request flag bit
(WCFLG) in the watch counter control register (WCSR) is set to "1". Provided that the watch
counter start and interrupt request enable bit (ISEL) in the WCSR register has also been set to
"1", the watch counter outputs an interrupt request to the interrupt controller.
Table 10.3-1 shows the interrupt control bits and interrupt sources of the watch counter.
Table 10.3-1 Interrupt Control Bits and Interrupt Sources of Watch Counter
Item
Details
Interrupt request flag bit
WCSR:WCFLG
Interrupt request enable bit
WCSR:ISEL
Interrupt source
Counter underflow
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
10.4
Ma nu al
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
With the ISEL bit in the WCSR register set to "1", the watch counter counts
down for the number of times specified as a count value in the RCTR[5:0] bits
in the WCDR register with the count clock selected in the CS[1:0] bits in the
WCDR register. When the counter underflows, the WCFLG bit in the WCSR
register is set to "1", and the watch counter generates an interrupt request.
■ Setup Procedure of Watch Counter
Below is the procedure for setting up the watch counter.
1. Select the count clock (CS[1:0]) and set the counter reload value (RCTR[5:0]).
2. Set the ISEL bit to "1" to start a down count and enable interrupts. In addition, disable
interrupts of the watch prescaler.
The watch counter performs counting by using a divided clock (asynchronous) from the
watch prescaler. An error of up to one count clock may occur at the beginning of a count
cycle, depending on the time at which the ISEL bit is set to "1".
3. When the counter underflows, the WCFLG bit is set to "1", causing the watch counter to
generate an interrupt request.
4. Write "0" to the WCFLG bit to clear it.
5. When the RCTR[5:0] bits are modified during counting, the reload value is updated at a
reload occurring after the counter is set to "1".
6. When "0" is written to the ISEL bit, the counter becomes "0" and stops operating.
Figure 10.4-1 Watch Counter Operation
ISEL
(2)
(6)
Count clock
CS[1:0]
0b11
(1)
RCTR[5:0]
7
9
(5)
CTR[5:0]
0
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
9
8
7
6
5
4
0
WCFLG
(3)
(4)
Note:
Before restarting the counter by setting the ISEL bit to "0" stop the counter, read the
CTR[5:0] bits in the WCSR register twice and ensure that the CTR[5:0] bits have been
cleared to "0b000000".
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10.4 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Operation in Substop Mode and Sub-CR Clock Stop Mode
When the device enters substop mode or sub-CR clock stop mode, the watch counter stops the
count operation and the watch prescaler is also cleared. Therefore, the watch counter cannot count
the correct value after the device exits substop mode or sub-CR clock stop mode. After the device
exits substop mode or sub-CR clock stop mode, always write "0" to the ISEL bit in the WCSR
register to clear the counter. In any other standby mode except the substop mode and sub-CR
clock stop mode, the watch counter keeps operating.
■ Operation in Main Stop Mode and Main CR Clock Stop Mode
In main stop mode or main CR clock stop mode, though the watch counter continues the count
operation, no interrupt is generated. The watch counter stops when the subclock oscillation
enable bit (SOSCE) and sub-CR clock oscillation enable bit (SCRE) in the system clock
control register 2 (SYCC2) are both set to "0".
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the watch counter.
● Initial settings
1. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
2. Select the count clock. (WCDR:CS[1:0])
3. Set the counter reload value. (WCDR:RCTR[5:0])
4. Activate the watch counter and enable interrupts. (WCSR:ISEL = 1)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Interrupt processing
1. Clear the interrupt request flag. (WCSR:WCFLG = 0)
2. Process any interrupt.
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.5 Registers
H ard war e
10.5
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the watch counter.
Table 10.5-1 List of Watch Counter Registers
Register
abbreviation
130
Register name
Reference
WCDR
Watch counter data register
10.5.1
WCSR
Watch counter control register
10.5.2
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.5 Registers
Ha rdware
10.5.1
Manual
Watch Counter Data Register (WCDR)
The watch counter data register (WCDR) selects the count clock and sets the
counter reload value.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
CS1
CS0
RCTR5
RCTR4
RCTR3
RCTR2
RCTR1
RCTR0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] CS[1:0]: Watch counter count clock select bits
These bits select the count clock of the watch counter.
Ensure that the ISEL bit in the WCSR register has been set to "0" before modifying these bits.
Details
bit7:6
Count clock
(Subclock, FCL = 32.768 kHz)
Count clock
(Sub-CR clock, FCRL = 100 kHz)
Writing "00"
212/FCL (125 ms)
212/FCRL (40.96 ms)
Writing "01"
213/FCL (250 ms)
213/FCRL (81.92 ms)
Writing "10"
214/FCL (500 ms)
214/FCRL (163.84 ms)
Writing "11"
215/FCL (1 s)
215/FCRL (327.68 ms)
[bit5:0] RCTR[5:0]: Watch counter counter reload value setting bits
These bits set the counter reload value.
When the counter reload value is modified during the count operation, the new value becomes effective at a
reload after the counter underflows.
When the RCTR[5:0] bits are set to "0", no interrupt request is to be generated.
When the counter reload value is modified at the same time as an interrupt request is generated
(WCSR:WCFLR = 1), the value to be reloaded is not correct. Therefore, modifying the counter reload value
should be done before an interrupt request is generated, i.e. during the interrupt service routine or after the
stopping of the watch counter (WCSR:ISEL = 0).
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.5 Registers
H ard war e
10.5.2
Ma nu al
Watch Counter Control Register (WCSR)
The watch counter control register (WCSR) controls the watch counter
operation and the interrupt of the watch counter, and reads the counter value.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
ISEL
WCFLG
CTR5
CTR4
CTR3
CTR2
CTR1
CTR0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] ISEL: Watch counter start and interrupt request enable bit
This bit starts the watch counter, and enables or disables the interrupt request of the watch counter and that of
the watch prescaler.
Always disable the interrupt request of the watch prescaler before setting this bit to "1" to enable the interrupt
request of the watch counter.
The watch counter counts with the asynchronous clock from the watch prescaler. Therefore, an error of up to
one count clock may occur at the beginning of counting, depending on the time of setting the ISEL bit to "1".
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the watch counter and disables the interrupt request of the watch counter (enables the
interrupt request of the watch prescaler).
Writing "1"
Starts the watch counter and enables the interrupt request of the watch counter (disables the
interrupt request of the watch prescaler).
[bit6] WCFLG: Watch counter interrupt request flag bit
This bit is set to "1" when the counter underflows.
When this bit and the ISEL bit are both set to "1", a watch counter interrupt request is generated.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit6
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no watch counter interrupt request has been generated.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a watch counter interrupt request has been generated.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit5:0] CTR[5:0]: Watch counter counter read bits
These bits read the value of the counter that is counting.
While the counter value is being changed, the counter value that these bits read may not be correct.
Therefore, before using the counter value these bits read, ensure that the counter reads the same value in
times of reading by reading these bits twice.
Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.6 Notes on Using Watch Counter
Ha rdware
10.6
Manual
Notes on Using Watch Counter
This section provides notes on using the watch counter
•
When the watch prescaler is cleared while the watch counter is running, the watch counter
may not be able to run normally. Before clearing the watch prescaler, write "0" to the ISEL
bit in the WCSR register to stop the watch counter.
•
Before writing "1" to the ISEL bit to restart the watch counter after stopping it, read the
CTR[5:0] bits in the WCSR register twice to ensure that the CTR[5:0] bits have been
cleared to "0b000000".
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CHAPTER 10 WATCH COUNTER
10.6 Notes on Using Watch Counter
H ard war e
134
Ma nu al
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 11
WILD REGISTER
FUNCTION
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the wild register function.
11.1 Overview
11.2 Configuration
11.3 Operations
11.4 Registers
11.5 Typical Hardware Connection Example
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.1 Overview
H ard war e
11.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The wild register function can be used to patch bugs in a program with
addresses and modification data, both of which are to be set in built-in registers.
This section describes the wild register function.
■ Wild Register Function
The wild register consists of three wild register data setting registers, three wild register
address setting registers, a 1-byte address compare enable register and a 1-byte wild register
data test setting register. If addresses and data that are to be modified are set to these registers,
ROM data can be replaced with modification data set in the registers. Data of up to three
different addresses can be modified.
The wild register function can be used to debug a program after creating the mask and to patch
bugs in the program.
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
11.2
Manual
Configuration
The block diagram of the wild register is shown below. The wild register
consists of the following blocks:
• Memory area block
Wild register data setting register (WRDR0 to WRDR2)
Wild register address setting register (WRAR0 to WRAR2)
Wild register address compare enable register (WREN)
Wild register data test setting register (WROR)
• Control circuit block
■ Block Diagram of Wild Register Function
Figure 11.2-1 Block Diagram of Wild Register Function
Wild register function
Control circuit block
Access
control circuit
Decoder and logic
control circuit
Address
compare circuit
Memory area block
Internal bus
Wild register address
setting register
(WRAR)
Wild register data setting
register
(WRDR)
Access
control circuit
Wild register address
compare enable register
(WREN)
Wild register data test
setting register
(WROR)
Memory space
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Memory area block
The memory area block consists of the wild register data setting registers (WRDR), wild
register address setting registers (WRAR), wild register address compare enable register
(WREN) and wild register data test setting register (WROR). The wild register function is used
to specify the addresses and data that need to be replaced. The wild register address compare
enable register (WREN) enables the wild register function for each wild register data setting
register (WRDR). In addition, the wild register data test setting register (WROR) enables the
normal read function for each wild register data setting register (WRDR).
● Control circuit block
This circuit compares the actual address data with addresses set in the wild register address
setting registers (WRAR). If they match, the circuit outputs the data from the wild register data
setting register (WRDR) to the data bus. The operation of the control circuit block is controlled
by the wild register address compare enable register (WREN).
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.3 Operations
Ha rdware
11.3
Manual
Operations
This section describes the procedure for setting the wild register function.
■ Procedure for Setting Wild Register Function
Prepare a program that can read the value to be set in the wild register from external memory
(e.g. EEPROM or FRAM) in the user program before using the wild register function. The
setting method for the wild register is shown below.
This section does not include information on the method of communications between the
external memory and the device.
• Write the address of the built-in ROM code that will be modified to the wild register
address setting register (WRAR0 to WRAR2).
• Write a new code to the wild register data setting register (WRDR0 to WRDR2)
corresponding to the wild register address setting register to which the address has been
written.
• Write "1" to the EN bit in the wild register address compare enable register (WREN)
corresponding to the wild register number to enable the wild register function represented
by that wild register number.
Table 11.3-1 shows the procedure for setting the registers of the wild register function.
Table 11.3-1 Procedure for Setting Registers of Wild Register Function
Step
Operation
Operation example
1
Suppose the built-in ROM code to be modified is at the
Read replacement data from a peripheral function outside
address 0xF011 and the data to be modified is "0xB5",
through a certain communication method.
and there are three built-in ROM codes to be modified.
2
Write the replacement address to a wild register address
setting register (WRAR0 to WRAR2).
Set wild register address setting registers
(WRAR0 = 0xF011, WRAR1 = ..., WRAR2 = ...).
3
Write a new ROM code (replacement for the built-in
ROM code) to a wild register data setting register
(WRDR0 to WRDR2).
Set the wild register data setting registers
(WRDR0 = 0xB5, WRDR1 =..., WRDR2 =...).
Enable the EN bit in the wild register address compare
enable register (WREN) corresponding to the wild
register number of the wild register function used.
Setting bit0 of the address compare enable register
(WREN) to "1" enables the wild register function of the
wild register number 0. If the address matches the value
set in the wild register address setting register (WRAR),
the value of the wild register data setting register
(WRDR) will be replaced with the built-in ROM code.
When replacing more than one built-in ROM code,
enable the related EN bits in the wild register address
compare enable register (WREN) corresponding to
respective built-in ROM codes.
4
■ Wild Register Function Applicable Addresses
The wild register function can be applied to all address space except the address "0x0078".
Since the address "0x0078" is used as a mirror address for the register bank pointer and the
direct bank pointer, this address cannot be patched.
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.4 Registers
H ard war e
11.4
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the wild register function.
Table 11.4-1 List of Hardware/software Watchdog Timer Register
Register
abbreviation
Register name
Reference
WRDR0
Wild register data setting register 0
11.4.1
WRDR1
Wild register data setting register 1
11.4.1
WRDR2
Wild register data setting register 2
11.4.1
WRAR0
Wild register address setting register 0
11.4.2
WRAR1
Wild register address setting register 1
11.4.2
WRAR2
Wild register address setting register 2
11.4.2
WREN
Wild register address compare enable register
11.4.3
WROR
Wild register data test setting register
11.4.4
■ Wild Register Number
A wild register number is assigned to each wild register address setting register (WRAR) and
each wild register data setting register (WRDR).
Table 11.4-2 Wild Register Numbers Corresponding to Wild Register Address Setting Registers
and Wild Register Data Setting Registers
140
Wild register
number
Wild register address setting register
(WRAR)
Wild register data setting register
(WRDR)
0
WRAR0
WRDR0
1
WRAR1
WRDR1
2
WRAR2
WRDR2
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.4 Registers
Ha rdware
11.4.1
Manual
Wild Register Data Setting Registers
(WRDR0 to WRDR2)
The wild register data setting registers (WRDR0 to WRDR2) use the wild
register function to specify the data to be modified.
■ Register Configuration
WRDR0
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD1
RD0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
WRDR1
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD1
RD0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
WRDR2
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD1
RD0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:0] RD[7:0]: Wild register data setting bits
These bits specify the data to be modified by the wild register function.
These bits are used to set the modification data at the address assigned by the wild register address setting
register (WRAR). Data is valid at an address corresponding to one of the wild register numbers.
The read access to one of these bits is enabled only when the data test setting bit in the wild register data test
setting register (WROR) corresponding to the bit to be read is set to "1".
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.4 Registers
H ard war e
11.4.2
Ma nu al
Wild Register Address Setting Registers
(WRAR0 to WRAR2)
The wild register address setting registers (WRAR0 to WRAR2) set the address
to be modified by the wild register function.
■ Register Configuration
WRAR0
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
Field
RA15
RA14
RA13
RA12
RA11
RA10
RA9
RA8
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
WRAR1
Field
RA15
RA14
RA13
RA12
RA11
RA10
RA9
RA8
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
WRAR2
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
Field
RA15
RA14
RA13
RA12
RA11
RA10
RA9
RA8
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RA7
RA6
RA5
RA4
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit15:0] RA[15:0]: Wild register address setting bits
These bits set the address to be modified by the wild register function.
The address to be assigned to modification data is set to these bits. The address is to be specified according to
the wild register number corresponding to a wild register address setting register.
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.4 Registers
Ha rdware
11.4.3
Manual
Wild Register Address Compare Enable Register
(WREN)
The wild register address compare enable register (WREN) enables or disables
the operations of wild register functions using their respective wild register
numbers.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
EN2
EN1
EN0
Attribute
—
—
W
W
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5:3] Reserved bits
Always set these bits to "0".
[bit2:0] EN[2:0]: Wild register address compare enable bits
These bits enable or disable the operation of the wild register.
• EN0 corresponds to wild register number 0.
• EN1 corresponds to wild register number 1.
• EN2 corresponds to wild register number 2.
bit2/bit1/bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the operation of the wild register function.
Writing "1"
Enables the operation of the wild register function.
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.4 Registers
H ard war e
11.4.4
Ma nu al
Wild Register Data Test Setting Register (WROR)
The wild register data test setting register (WROR) enables or disables data
reading from the corresponding wild register data setting register (WRDR0 to
WRDR2).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
DRR2
DRR1
DRR0
Attribute
—
—
W
W
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5:3] Reserved bits
Always set these bits to "0".
[bit2:0] DRR[2:0]: Wild register data test setting bits
These bits enable or disable the normal reading from the corresponding data setting register of the wild
register.
• DRR0 corresponds to wild register number 0.
• DRR1 corresponds to wild register number 1.
• DRR2 corresponds to wild register number 2.
bit2/bit1/bit0
144
Details
Writing "0"
Disables reading from the wild register data setting register.
Writing "1"
Enables reading from the wild register data setting register.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.5 Typical Hardware Connection Example
Ha rdware
11.5
Manual
Typical Hardware Connection Example
Below is an example of typical hardware connection for the application of the
wild register function.
■ Hardware Connection Example
Figure 11.5-1 Typical Hardware Connection Example
EEPROM
(Storing correction program)
MCU
SO
UI0
SI
UO0
SCK
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
UCK0
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CHAPTER 11 WILD REGISTER FUNCTION
11.5 Typical Hardware Connection Example
H ard war e
146
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 12
8/16-BIT COMPOSITE
TIMER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
12.1 Overview
12.2 Configuration
12.3 Channel
12.4 Pins
12.5 Interrupts
12.6 Operation of Interval Timer Function (One-shot Mode)
12.7 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Continuous
Mode)
12.8 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode)
12.9 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode)
12.10 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle
Mode)
12.11 Operation of PWC Timer Function
12.12 Operation of Input Capture Function
12.13 Operation of Noise Filter
12.14 Registers
12.15 Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.1 Overview
H ard war e
12.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The 8/16-bit composite timer consists of two 8-bit counters. It can be used as
two 8-bit timers, or as a 16-bit timer if the two counters are connected in
cascade.
The 8/16-bit composite timer has the following functions:
• Interval timer function
• PWM timer function
• PWC timer function (pulse width measurement)
• Input capture function
■ Interval Timer Function (One-shot Mode)
When the interval timer function (one-shot mode) is selected, the counter starts counting from
"0x00" as the timer is started. When the counter value matches the value of the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register, the timer output is inverted, an interrupt request occurs, and the
counter stops counting.
■ Interval Timer Function (Continuous Mode)
When the interval timer function (continuous mode) is selected, the counter starts counting
from "0x00" as the timer is started. When the counter value matches the value of the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register, the timer output is inverted, an interrupt request occurs, and the
counter counts from "0x00" again. The timer outputs square wave as a result of this repeated
operation.
■ Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode)
When the interval timer function (free-run mode) is selected, the counter starts counting from
"0x00". When the counter value matches the value of the 8/16-bit composite timer data
register, the timer output is inverted and an interrupt request occurs. Under these conditions, if
the counter continues to count and reaches "0xFF", it restarts counting from "0x00". The timer
outputs square wave as a result of this repeated operation.
■ PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode)
When the PWM timer function (fixed-cycle mode) is selected, a PWM signal with a variable
"H" pulse width is generated in fixed cycles. The cycle is fixed at "0xFF" in 8-bit operation or
at "0xFFFF" in 16-bit operating mode. The time is determined by the count clock selected. The
"H" pulse width is specified by setting a specific register.
■ PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle Mode)
When the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode) is selected, two 8-bit counters are used to
generate an 8-bit PWM signal of variable cycle and duty depending on the cycle and "L" pulse
width specified by registers.
In this operating mode, since the two 8-bit counters have to be used separately, the composite
timer cannot operate as a 16-bit counter.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.1 Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
■ PWC Timer Function
When the PWC timer function is selected, the width and cycle of an external input pulse can be
measured.
In this operating mode, the counter starts counting from "0x00" immediately after a count start
edge of an external input signal is detected. Afterward, when a count end edge is detected, the
counter transfers its value to a register to generate an interrupt.
■ Input Capture Function
When the input capture function is selected, the counter value is stored in a register
immediately after the detection of an edge of an external input signal.
This function is available in either free-run mode or clear mode for count operation.
In clear mode, the counter starts counting from "0x00", and transfers its value to a register to
generate an interrupt after an edge is detected. Afterward, the counter restarts counting from
"0x00".
In free-run mode, the counter transfers its value to a register to generate an interrupt
immediately after the detection of an edge. Afterward, unlike in clear mode, the counter
continues to count without being cleared to "0x00".
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.2 Configuration
H ard war e
12.2
Ma nu al
Configuration
The 8/16-bit composite timer consists of the following blocks:
• 8-bit counter
• 8-bit comparator (including a temporary latch)
• 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR)
• 8/16-bit composite timer status control register 0 (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0)
• 8/16-bit composite timer status control register 1 (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1)
• 8/16-bit composite timer timer mode control register (TMCRn)
• Output controller
• Control logic
• Count clock selector
• Edge detector
• Noise filter
The number of pins and that of channels of the 8/16-bit composite timer vary among products.
For details, refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
For details of pin names, register names and register abbreviations of a product, refer to the
device data sheet.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Block Diagram of 8/16-bit Composite Timer
Figure 12.2-1 Block Diagram of 8/16-bit Composite Timer
Tn0CR0 IFE C2 C1 C0 F3 F2 F1 F0
Timer n0
CK00
8-bit counter
:
:
Count
clock
selector
CK07
ECn0
Noise
filter
Control logics
Clocks from
:
prescaler/
:
Time Base Timer CK06
8-bit comparator
Output
controller
Timer output
TOn0
ENn0
8-bit data register
Edge
detector
STA HO IE
IR BF IF SO OE
Tn0CR1
IRQXX
IRQ
logic
TMCRn
TO1 TO0
ECn
TIS MOD FE11 FE10 FE01 FE00
IRQXX
16-bit mode control signal
Tn1CR0 IFE C2 C1 C0 F3 F2 F1 F0
Timer n1
16-bit mode clock
8-bit counter
:
:
Count
clock
selector
CK17
External
input
ECn1
Noise
filter
Control logics
CK10
Clocks from
:
prescaler/
:
Time Base CK16
Timer
8-bit comparator
Output
controller
Timer output
TOn1
ENn1
8-bit data register
Edge
detector
Tn1CR1 STA HO IE IR BF IF SO OE
● 8-bit counter
This counter serves as the basis for various timer operations. It can be used either as two 8-bit
counters or as a 16-bit counter.
● 8-bit comparator
The comparator compares the value in the 8/16-bit composite timer data register and that in the
counter. It incorporates a latch that temporarily stores the 8/16-bit composite timer data register
value.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR)
These registers are used to write the maximum value counted during interval timer operation or
PWM timer operation and to read the count value during PWC timer operation or input capture
operation.
● 8/16-bit composite timer status control register 0 (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0)
These registers are used to select the timer operating mode and the count clock, and to enable
or disable IF flag interrupts.
● 8/16-bit composite timer status control register 1 (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1)
These registers are used to control interrupt flags, timer output, and timer operation.
● 8/16-bit composite timer timer mode control register (TMCRn)
This register is used to select the noise filter function, 8-bit or16-bit operating mode, and signal
input to timer n0/n1 and to indicate the timer output value.
● Output controller
The output controller controls timer output. The timer output is supplied to the external pin
when the pin output has been enabled.
● Control logic
The control logic controls timer operation.
● Count clock selector
The selector selects the counter operating clock signal from different prescaler output signals
(divided machine clock signal and time-base timer output signal).
● Edge detector
The edge detector selects the edge of an external input signal to be used as an event for PWC
timer operation or input capture operation.
● Noise filter
This filter serves as a noise filter for external input signals. The filter function can be selected
from "H" pulse noise elimination, "L" pulse noise elimination, and "H"/"L"-pulse noise
elimination.
■ Input Clock
The 8/16-bit composite timer uses the output clock from the prescaler as its input clock (count
clock).
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.3 Channel
Ha rdware
12.3
Manual
Channel
This section describes the channels of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Channel of 8/16-bit Composite Timer
On a channel, there are two 8-bit counters. They can be used as two 8-bit timers or one 16-bit
timer. Table 12.3-1 lists the external pins on a channel.
Table 12.3-1 External Pins of 8/16-bit Composite Timer
Pin name
TOn0
Pin function
Timer n0 output
TOn1
Timer n1 output
ECn
Timer n0 input and timer n1 input
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12.4 Pins
H ard war e
12.4
Ma nu al
Pins
This section describes the pins of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Pins of 8/16-bit Composite Timer
The external pins of the 8/16-bit composite timer are TOn0, TOn1 and ECn.
● TOn0 pin
TOn0:
This pin serves as the timer output pin for timer n0 in 8-bit operation or for timers n0 and n1
in 16-bit operating mode. When the output is enabled (Tn0CR1:OE = 1) in the interval timer
function, PWM timer function, or PWC timer function, this pin becomes an output pin
automatically regardless of the port direction register (DDR) and functions as the timer
output TOn0 pin.
The output becomes undetermined if output is enabled with the input capture function in use.
● TOn1 pin
TOn1:
This pin serves as the timer output pin for timer n1 in 8-bit operation. When the output is
enabled (Tn1CR1:OE = 1) in interval timer function, PWM timer function (fixed-cycle
mode), or PWC timer function, the pin becomes an output pin automatically regardless of the
port direction register (DDR) and functions as the timer output TOn1 pin.
In 16-bit operating mode, if output is enabled with the PWM timer function (variable-cycle
mode) or input capture function in use, the output becomes undetermined.
● ECn pin
The ECn pin is connected to the ECn0 and ECn1 internal pins.
ECn0 internal pin:
This pin serves as the external count clock input pin for timer n0 when the interval timer
function or PWM timer function is selected, or as the signal input pin for timer n0 when the
PWC timer function or input capture function is selected. The pin cannot be set to serve as
the external count clock input pin when the PWC timer function or input capture function is
selected.
To use the input function mentioned above, set the bit in the port direction register
corresponding to ECn pin to "0" to make the pin as an input port.
ECn1 internal pin:
This pin serves as the external count clock input pin for timer n1 when the interval timer
function or PWM timer function is selected, or as the signal input pin for timer n1 when the
PWC timer function or input capture function is selected. The pin cannot be set to serve as
the external count clock input pin when the PWC timer function or input capture function is
selected.
In 16-bit operating mode, the input function of this pin is not used. If the PWM timer
function (variable-cycle mode) is selected, the input function of this pin can also be used.
To use the input function mentioned above, set the bit in the port direction register
corresponding to ECn pin to "0" to make the pin as an input port.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.5 Interrupts
Ha rdware
12.5
Manual
Interrupts
The 8/16-bit composite timer generates the following types of interrupts. An
interrupt number and an interrupt vector are assigned to each type of
interrupts.
• Timer n0 interrupt
• Timer n1 interrupt
■ Timer n0 Interrupt
Table 12.5-1 shows the timer n0 interrupt and its sources.
Table 12.5-1 Timer n0 Interrupt
Description
Item
Overflow in the PWC timer
operation or the input capture
operation
Completion of
measurement in the PWC
timer operation or edge
detection in the input
capture operation
Interrupt generating
source
Comparison match in the
interval timer operation or the
PWM timer operation
(variable-cycle mode)
Interrupt flag
Tn0CR1:IF
Tn0CR1:IF
Tn0CR1:IR
Interrupt enable
Tn0CR1:IE and Tn0CR0:IFE
Tn0CR1:IE and Tn0CR0:IFE
Tn0CR1:IE
■ Timer n1 Interrupt
Table 12.5-2 shows the timer n1 interrupt and its sources.
Table 12.5-2 Timer n1 Interrupt
Description
Item
Interrupt generating
source
Comparison match in the
interval timer operation or the
PWM timer operation
(variable-cycle mode), except
in 16-bit operating mode
Overflow in the PWC timer
operation or the input capture
operation, except in 16-bit
operating mode
Completion of
measurement in the PWC
timer operation or edge
detection in the input
capture operation, except
in 16-bit operating mode
Interrupt flag
Tn1CR1:IF
Tn1CR1:IF
Tn1CR1:IR
Interrupt enable
Tn1CR1:IE and Tn1CR0:IFE
Tn1CR1:IE and Tn1CR0:IFE
Tn1CR1:IE
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.6 Operation of Interval Timer Function (One-shot Mode)
H ard war e
12.6
Ma nu al
Operation of Interval Timer Function
(One-shot Mode)
This section describes the operation of the interval timer function (one-shot
mode) of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Operation of Interval Timer Function (One-shot Mode)
To use the interval timer function (one-shot mode), do the settings shown in Figure 12.6-1.
Figure 12.6-1 Settings of Interval Timer Function (One-shot Mode)
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
❍
❍
❍
❍
0
0
0
0
Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
1
❍
❍
×
×
❍
❍
❍
TMCRn
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
❍
❍
×
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
Sets interval time (counter compare value)
❍: Used bit
×: Unused bit
1: Set to "1"
0: Set to "0"
As for the interval timer function (one-shot mode), enabling timer operation (Tn0CR1/
Tn1CR1:STA = 1) causes the counter to start counting from "0x00" at the rising edge of a
selected count clock signal. When the counter value matches the value of the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR), the timer output (TMCRn:TO0/TO1) is
inverted, the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF) is set to "1", the timer operation enable bit
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA) is set to "0", and the counter stops counting.
The value of the 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is transferred to the
temporary storage latch (comparison data storage latch) in the comparator when the counter
starts counting. Do not write "0x00" to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register.
Figure 12.6-2 shows the operation of the interval timer function in 8-bit operation.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.6 Operation of Interval Timer Function (One-shot Mode)
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 12.6-2 Operation of Interval Timer Function in 8-bit Operation (One-shot Mode)
Counter value 0xFF
0x80
0x00
Time
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
value (0xFF)
Timer cycle
Tn0DR/Tn1DR value modified (0xFF→0x80)*
Cleared
by program
IF bit
STA bit
Automatically cleared
Inverted
Reactivated
Automatically cleared Reactivated Automatically cleared
Reactivated with output initial value unchanged ("0")
Timer output pin
For initial value "1" on activation
*: If the Tn0DR/Tn1DR data register value is modified during operation, the new value is used from the next active cycle.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.7 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Continuous Mode)
H ard war e
12.7
Ma nu al
Operation of Interval Timer Function
(Continuous Mode)
This section describes the interval timer function (continuous mode operation)
of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Operation of Interval Timer Function (Continuous Mode)
To use interval timer function (continuous mode), do the settings shown in Figure 12.7-1.
Figure 12.7-1 Settings for Interval Timer Function (Continuous Mode)
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
❍
❍
❍
❍
0
0
0
1
Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
1
❍
❍
×
×
❍
❍
❍
TMCRn
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
❍
❍
×
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Sets interval time (counter compare value)
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
❍: Bit to be used
×: Unused bit
1: Set to "1"
0: Set to "0"
As for the interval timer function (continuous mode), enabling timer operation (Tn0CR1/
Tn1CR1:STA = 1) causes the counter to start counting from "0x00" at the rising edge of a
selected count clock signal. When the counter value matches the value in the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR), the timer output bit (TMCRn:TO0/TO1) is
inverted, the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF) is set to "1", and the counter returns to
"0x00" and restarts counting. The timer outputs square wave as a result of this continuous
operation.
The value of the 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is transferred to the
temporary storage latch (comparison data storage latch) in the comparator either when the
counter starts counting or when a counter value comparison match is detected. Do not write
"0x00" to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register while the counter is counting.
When the timer stops operating, the timer output bit (TMCRn:TO0/TO1) holds the last value.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.7 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Continuous Mode)
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 12.7-2 Operation Diagram of Interval Timer Function (Continuous Mode)
Compare value
Compare value
(0xE0)
Compare value
(0xFF)
Compare value
(0x80)
0xFF
0xE0
0x80
0x00
Tn0DR/Tn1DR value (0xE0)
Time
Tn0DR/Tn1DR value
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
value modified modified (0xFF→0x80)*1
(0xE0→0xFF)*1
Cleared by program
IF bit
STA bit
Activated
Matched
Matched
Matched
Matched
Matched
Counter clear *2
Timer output pin
*1: If the Tn0DR/Tn1DR data register value is modified during operation, the new value is used from the next active cycle.
*2: The counter is cleared and the data register settings are loaded into the comparison data latch whenever a match is detected during operation.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.8 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode)
H ard war e
12.8
Ma nu al
Operation of Interval Timer Function
(Free-run Mode)
This section describes the operation of the interval timer function (free-run
mode) of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Operation of Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode)
To use the interval timer function (free-run mode), do the settings shown in Figure 12.8-1.
Figure 12.8-1 Settings for Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode)
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
❍
❍
❍
❍
0
0
1
0
Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
1
❍
❍
×
×
❍
❍
❍
TMCRn
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
❍
❍
×
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
Sets interval time (counter compare value)
❍: Bit to be used
×: Unused bit
1: Set to "1"
0: Set to "0"
As for the interval timer function (free-run mode), enabling timer operation (Tn0CR1/
Tn1CR1:STA = 1) causes the counter to start counting from "0x00" at the rising edge of a
selected count clock signal. When the counter value matches the value in the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR), the timer output bit (TMCRn:TO0/TO1) is
inverted and the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF) is set to "1". If the counter continues to
count with the above settings and then reaches "0xFF", it returns to "0x00" and restarts
counting. The timer outputs square wave as a result of this continuous operation.
The value of the 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is transferred to the
temporary storage latch (comparison data storage latch) in the comparator either when the
counter starts counting or when a counter value comparison match is detected. Do not write
"0x00" to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register.
When the timer stops operation, the timer output bit (TMCRn:TO0/TO1) holds the last value.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.8 Operation of Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode)
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 12.8-2 Operation Diagram of Interval Timer Function (Free-run Mode)
(0xE0)
Counter value
0xFF
0xE0
0x80
0x00
Time
Tn0DR/Tn1DR value (0xE0)
Cleared by program
IF bit
STA bit
Activated
Matched
Matched
Matched
Matched
Counter value match*
Timer output pin
*: Even though a match is detected during operation, the counter is not cleared. The data register settings are reloaded into the comparison data latch.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.9 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode)
H ard war e
12.9
Ma nu al
Operation of PWM Timer Function
(Fixed-cycle Mode)
This section describes the operation of the PWM timer function (fixed-cycle
mode) of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Operation of PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode)
To use the PWM timer function (fixed-cycle mode), do the settings shown in Figure 12.9-1.
Figure 12.9-1 Settings for PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode)
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
×
❍
❍
❍
0
0
1
1
Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
❍
❍
×
×
×
×
×
❍
TMCRn
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
❍
❍
×
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
Sets "H" pulse width (compare value)
❍: Bit to be used
×: Unused bit
1: Set to "1"
0: Set to "0"
As for the PWM timer function (fixed-cycle mode), PWM signal that has a fixed cycle and
variable "H" pulse width is output from the timer output pin (TOn0/TOn1). The cycle is fixed
at "0xFF" in 8-bit operation or "0xFFFF" in 16-bit operating mode. The time is determined by
the count clock selected. The "H" pulse width is specified by the value in the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR).
This function has no effect on the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF). Since each cycle
always starts with "H" pulse output, the timer output initial value setting bit (Tn0CR1/
Tn1CR1:SO) has no effect on operation.
The value of the 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is transferred to the
temporary storage latch (comparison data storage latch) in the comparator either when the
counter starts counting or when a counter value comparison match is detected.
When the timer stops operation, the timer output bit (TMCRn:TO0/TO1) holds the last value.
In the output waveform immediately after activation of the timer (write "1" to the STA bit), the
"H" pulse is one count clock shorter than the value set in the Tn0DR/Tn1DR register.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.9 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode)
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 12.9-2 Operation Diagram of PWM Timer Function (Fixed-cycle Mode)
Tn0DR/Tn1DR register value: "0x00" (duty ratio = 0%)
0x00
Counter value
PWM waveform
0xFF 0x00
"H"
"L"
Tn0DR/Tn1DR register value: "0x80" (duty ratio = 50%)
0x00
Counter value
PWM waveform
0x80
0xFF 0x00
"H"
"L"
Tn0DR/Tn1DR register value: "0xFF" (duty ratio = 99.6%)
0x00
Counter value
0xFF 0x00
"H"
PWM waveform
"L"
One count width
Note: When the PWM function has been selected, the timer output pin holds the level at the point when the counter stops
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 0).
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.10 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle Mode)
H ard war e
12.10
Ma nu al
Operation of PWM Timer Function
(Variable-cycle Mode)
This section describes the operation of the PWM timer function (variable-cycle
mode) of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Operation of PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle Mode)
To use the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode), do the settings shown in
Figure 12.10-1.
Figure 12.10-1 Settings for PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle Mode)
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
❍
❍
❍
❍
0
1
0
0
Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
1
❍
❍
×
×
❍
×
×
TMCRn
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
❍
❍
×
×
❍
❍
❍
❍
Tn0DR
Tn1DR
Sets "L" pulse width (compare value)
Sets the cycle of PWM waveform (compare value)
❍: Bit to be used
×: Unused bit
1: Set to "1"
0: Set to "0"
As for the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode), both timers n0 and n1 are used. PWM
signal of any cycle and of any duty is output from the timer output pin (TOn0). The cycle is
specified by the 8/16-bit composite timer n1 data register (Tn1DR), and the "L" pulse width is
specified by the 8/16-bit composite timer n0 data register (Tn0DR).
Since both the 8-bit counters are used for this function, the composite timer cannot form a
16-bit counter.
Enabling timer operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1) sets the mode bit (TMCRn:MOD) to
"0". As the first cycle always begins with "L" pulse output, the timer initial value setting bit
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:SO) has no effect on operation.
An interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF) is set when the 8-bit counter corresponding to that
interrupt flag matches the value in its corresponding 8/16-bit composite timer data register
(Tn0DR/Tn1DR).
The 8/16-bit composite timer data register value is transferred to the temporary storage latch
(comparison data storage latch) in the comparator either when the counter starts counting or
when a comparison match with each counter value is detected.
"H" is not output when the "L" pulse width setting value is greater than the cycle setting value.
The count clock must be selected for both timers n0 and n1. Selecting different count clocks
for the two timers is prohibited.
When the timer stops operating, the timer output bit (TMCRn:TO0) holds the last output value.
If the 8/16-bit composite timer data register is modified during operation, the data written will
become valid from the cycle immediately after the detection of a synchronous match.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.10 Operation of PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle Mode)
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 12.10-2 Operation Diagram of PWM Timer Function (Variable-cycle Mode)
Tn0DR register value: "0x80", Tn1DR register value: "0x80" (duty ratio = 0%)
(timer n0 value ≥ timer n1 value)
Counter timer n0 value
Counter timer n1 value
PWM waveform
0x00
0x00
"H"
0x80, 0x00
0x80, 0x00
0x80, 0x00
0x80, 0x00
"L"
Tn0DR register value: "0x40", Tn1DR register value: "0x80" (duty ratio = 50%)
Counter timer n0 value
Counter timer n1 value
0x00
0x00
0x40
0x00
0x80, 0x00
0x40
0x00
0x80, 0x00
"H"
PWM waveform
"L"
Tn0DR register value: 0x00", Tn1DR register value: "0xFF" (duty ratio = 99.6%)
Counter timer n0 value
Counter timer n1 value
0x00
0x00
0x00
0xFF, 0x00
"H"
PWM waveform
"L"
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
One count width
165
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.11 Operation of PWC Timer Function
H ard war e
12.11
Ma nu al
Operation of PWC Timer Function
This section describes the operation of the PWC timer function of the 8/16-bit
composite timer.
■ Operation of PWC Timer Function
To use the PWC timer function, do the settings shown in Figure 12.11-1.
Figure 12.11-1 Settings for PWC Timer Function
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0
Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1
TMCRn
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
1
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
×
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
Holds pulse width measurement value
❍: Bit to be used
×: Unused bit
1: Set to "1"
When the PWC timer function is selected, the width and cycle of an external input pulse can be
measured. The edges at which counting starts and ends are selected by the timer operating
mode select bits (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0]).
In the operation of this function, the counter starts counting from "0x00" immediately after a
specified count start edge of an external input signal is detected. Upon the detection of a
specified count end edge, the count value is transferred to the 8/16-bit composite timer data
register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR), and the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IR) and the buffer full flag
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:BF) are set to "1". The buffer full flag is set to "0" when the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is read.
If the buffer full flag is set to "1", the 8/16-bit composite timer data register holds data. Even if
the next edge is detected during that time, the next measurement result is lost since the count
value has not been transferred to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register.
There is an exception. With the F3 bit to F0 bit in the Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0 register having been
set to "0b1001", even though the BF bit is set to "1", the "H" pulse measurement result is
transferred to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register, while the cycle measurement result is
not transferred to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register. Therefore, in order to perform
cycle measurement, the "H" pulse measurement result must be read before a cycle is
completed. In addition, the result of "H" pulse measurement and that of cycle measurement are
lost if they are not read before the completion of the next "H" pulse.
The time exceeding the range of the counter can be measured by counting the number of
counter overflows using the software. When the counter overflows, the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/
Tn1CR1:IF) is set to "1". The interrupt service routine can therefore be used to count the
number of overflows. In addition, the timer output is inverted due to the overflow. The timer
output initial value can be set by the timer output initial value bit (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:SO).
When the timer stops operating, the timer output bit (TMCRn:TO1/TO0) holds the last value.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.11 Operation of PWC Timer Function
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 12.11-2 Operation Diagram of PWC Timer (Example of H-pulse Width Measurement)
"H" width
Pulse input
(Input waveform to PWC pin)
Counter value
0xFF
Time
STA bit
Counter
operation
Cleared by program
IR bit
BF bit
Data transferred from
counter to Tn0DR/Tn1DR
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
T0nDR/Tn1DR data register read
167
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.12 Operation of Input Capture Function
H ard war e
12.12
Ma nu al
Operation of Input Capture Function
This section describes the operation of the input capture function of the 8/16bit composite timer.
■ Operation of Input Capture Function
To use the input capture function, do the settings shown in Figure 12.12-1.
Figure 12.12-1 Settings for Input Capture Function
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0
Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1
TMCRn
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
1
❍
❍
❍
×
❍
×
×
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
×
×
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Tn0DR/Tn1DR
Holds pulse width measurement value
❍: Bit to be used
×: Unused bit
1: Set to "1"
When the input capture function is selected, the counter value is stored to the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) immediately after an edge of the external signal
input is detected. The target edge to be detected is selected by the timer operating mode select
bits (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0]).
This function is available in free-run mode and clear mode, which can be selected by the timer
operating mode select bits.
In clear mode, the counter starts counting from "0x00". When an edge is detected, the counter
value is transferred to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR), the interrupt
flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IR) is set to "1", and the counter returns to "0x00" and restarts
counting.
In free-run mode, when an edge is detected, the counter value is transferred to the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) and the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IR) is
set to "1". In this case, the counter continues to count without being cleared.
This function has no effect on the buffer full flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:BF).
The time exceeding the range of the counter can be measured by counting the number of
counter overflows using the software. When the counter overflows, the interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/
Tn1CR1:IF) is set to "1". The interrupt service routine can therefore be used to count the
number of overflows. In addition, the timer output is inverted due to the overflow. The timer
output initial value can be set by the timer output initial value bit (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:SO).
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.12 Operation of Input Capture Function
Ha rdware
Manual
Note:
See "12.15 Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer" for notes on using the input
capture function.
Figure 12.12-2 Operating Diagram of Input Capture Function
0xFF
0xBF
0x9F
0x7F
0x3F
Capture value
in Tn0DR/Tn1DR
0xBF
Falling edge of capture
External input
Counter clear mode
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
0x7F
0x3F
Rising edge of capture
Falling edge of
capture
0x9F
Rising edge of
capture
Counter free-run mode
169
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.13 Operation of Noise Filter
H ard war e
12.13
Ma nu al
Operation of Noise Filter
This section describes the operation of the noise filter of the 8/16-bit composite
timer.
When the input capture function or PWC timer function is selected, a noise filter can be used to
eliminate the pulse noise of the signal from the external input pin (ECn). H-pulse noise, Lpulse noise, or H/L-pulse noise elimination can be selected by the FE11, FE10, FE01 and FE00
bits in the TMCRn register. The maximum pulse width that can be eliminated is three machine
clock cycles. If the noise filter function is activated, the signal input will be delayed for four
machine clock cycles.
Figure 12.13-1 Operation of Noise Filter
Sampling
filter clock
External
input signal
Output filter
"H" noise
Output filter
"L" noise
Output filter
"H"/"L" noise
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
Ha rdware
12.14
Manual
Registers
This section describes the registers of the 8/16-bit composite timer.
Table 12.14-1List of 8/16-bit Composite Timer Registers
Register
abbreviation
Register name
Reference
Tn0CR0
8/16-bit composite timer n0 status control register 0
12.14.1
Tn1CR0
8/16-bit composite timer n1 status control register 0
12.14.1
Tn0CR1
8/16-bit composite timer n0 status control register 1
12.14.2
Tn1CR1
8/16-bit composite timer n1 status control register 1
12.14.2
TMCRn
8/16-bit composite timer timer mode control register
12.14.3
Tn0DR
8/16-bit composite timer n0 data register
12.14.4
Tn1DR
8/16-bit composite timer n1 data register
12.14.4
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
H ard war e
12.14.1
Ma nu al
8/16-bit Composite Timer Status Control Register
0 (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0)
The 8/16-bit composite timer status control register 0 (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0) selects
the timer operation mode, selects the count clock, and enables or disables IF
flag interrupts. The Tn0CR0 and Tn1CR0 registers correspond to timers n0 and
n1 respectively.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
IFE
C2
C1
C0
F3
F2
F1
F0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] IFE: IF flag interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables IF flag interrupts.
During timer operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the write access to this bit has no effect on operation.
Ensure that the timer has stopped before modifying this bit.
With this bit set to "1", an IF flag interrupt request is output when both the IE bit (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IE) and
the IF flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF) are set to "1".
bit7
172
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the IF flag interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the IF flag interrupt.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit6:4] C[2:0]: Count clock select bits
These bits select the count clock.
The count clock is generated by the prescaler. See "3.9 Operation of Prescaler".
During timer operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the write access to these bits has no effect on operation
in timer operation.
The clock selection of Tn1CR0 (timer n1) is nullified in 16-bit operating mode.
These bits cannot be set to "0b111" when the PWC function or input capture function is used. An attempt to
write "0b111" with the PWC function or input capture function in use resets the bits to "0b000". The bits are
also reset to "0b000" if the timer enters the input capture operation mode with the bits set to "0b111".
When these bits are set to "0b110", the count clock from the time-base timer is used as the count clock.
Depending on the settings of the SYCC register, the count clock from the time-base timer can be generated
from the main clock, the main CR clock, or the PLL clock. In the case of using the count clock from the
time-base timer as the count clock, resetting the time-base timer by writing "1" to the time-base timer clear
bit in the time-base timer control register (TBTC:TCLR) affects the count time.
bit6:4
Details
(MCLK: machine clock, FCH: main clock, FCRH: main CR clock, FPLL: PLL clock)
Writing "000"
1 MCLK
Writing "001"
MCLK/2
Writing "010"
MCLK/4
Writing "011"
MCLK/8
Writing "100"
MCLK/16
Writing "101"
MCLK/32
Writing "110"
FCH/27, FCRH/26 or FPLL/26*
Writing "111"
External clock
*: The value to be used as the count clock depends on the settings of the SCS[2:0] bits in the SYCC register.
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Ma nu al
[bit3:0] F[3:0]: Timer operating mode select bits
These bits select the timer operating mode.
The PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode; F[3:0] = 0b0100) is set by either the Tn0CR0 (timer n0)
register or Tn1CR0 (timer n1) register. If one of the timers starts operating (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1: STA= 1), the
F[3:0] bits of the other timer are automatically set to "0b0100".
With the 16-bit operating mode having been selected (TMCRn:MOD = 1), if the composite timer starts
operating using the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode) (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the MOD bit is
set to "0" automatically.
Write access to these bits is nullified in timer operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1).
bit3:0
174
Details
Writing "0000"
Interval timer (one-shot mode)
Writing "0001"
Interval timer (continuous mode)
Writing "0010"
Interval timer (free-run mode)
Writing "0011"
PWM timer (fixed-cycle mode)
Writing "0100"
PWM timer (variable-cycle mode)
Writing "0101"
PWC timer (H pulse = rising edge to falling edge)
Writing "0110"
PWC timer (L pulse = falling edge to rising edge)
Writing "0111"
PWC timer (cycle = rising edge to rising edge)
Writing "1000"
PWC timer (cycle = falling edge to falling edge)
Writing "1001"
PWC timer (H pulse = rising edge to falling edge; cycle = rising edge to rising edge)
Writing "1010"
Input capture (rising edge, free-run counter)
Writing "1011"
Input capture (falling edge, free-run counter)
Writing "1100"
Input capture (both edges, free-run counter)
Writing "1101"
Input capture (rising edge, counter clear)
Writing "1110"
Input capture (falling edge, counter clear)
Writing "1111"
Input capture (both edges, counter clear)
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
Ha rdware
12.14.2
Manual
8/16-bit Composite Timer Status Control Register 1
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1)
The 8/16-bit composite timer status control register 1 (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1)
controls the interrupt flag, timer output, and timer operations. Tn0CR1 and
Tn1CR1 registers correspond to timers n0 and n1 respectively.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] STA: Timer operation enable bit
This bit enables or stops the timer operation.
Writing "0": stops the timer operation and sets the count value to "0x00".
• With the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode) in use (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0] = 0b0100), the STA bit
in either the Tn0CR1 (timer n0) or the Tn1CR1 (timer n1) register can be used to enable or disable the timer
operation. If the STA bit in one of the registers is set to "0", the STA bit in the other one is automatically set
to the same value.
• In 16-bit operating mode (TMCRn:MOD = 1), use the STA bit in the Tn0CR1 (timer n0) register to enable
or disable timer operation. If the STA bit of one of the timers is set to "0", the STA bit in the other one is
automatically set to the same value.
Writing "1": starts the timer operation from the count value "0x00".
• Before setting this bit to "1", set the count clock select bits (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:C[2:0]), timer operating mode
select bits (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0]), timer output initial value bit (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:SO), 8-bit/16-bit
operating mode select bit (TMCRn:MOD), and filter function select bits (TMCRn:FEn1, FEn0).
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the timer operation.
Writing "1"
Enables the timer operation.
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Ma nu al
[bit6] HO: Timer suspend bit
This bit suspends or resumes the timer operation.
Writing "1" to this bit during timer operation suspends the timer operation.
When the timer operation has been enabled (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), writing "0" to the bit resumes the
timer operation.
With the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode) in use (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0] = 0b0100), the HO bit
in either Tn0CR1 (timer n0) or Tn1CR1 (timer n1) can be used to suspend or resume timer operation. If the
HO bit in one of the registers is set to "0" or "1", the HO bit in the other one is automatically set to the same
value.
In 16-bit operation (TMCRn:MOD = 1), use the HO bit in the Tn0CR1 (timer n0) register to suspend or
resume timer operation. If the HO bit in one of the registers is set to "0" or "1", the HO bit in the other one is
automatically set to the same value.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Resumes the timer operation.
Writing "1"
Suspends the timer operation.
[bit5] IE: Interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables the output of interrupt requests.
Writing "0" to this bit disables the interrupt request.
Writing "1" to this bit outputs an interrupt request when the pulse width measurement completion/edge
detection flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IR) or timer reload/overflow flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF) is set to "1".
However, an interrupt request from the timer reload/overflow flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF) is not output unless
the IF flag interrupt enable bit (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:IFE) is also set to "1".
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the interrupt request.
Writing "1"
Enables the interrupt request.
[bit4] IR: Pulse width measurement completion/edge detection flag
This bit indicates the completion of pulse width measurement or the detection of an edge.
Writing "0" to this bit sets it to "0".
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
With the PWC timer function in use, this bit is set to "1" immediately after pulse width measurement is
complete.
With the input capture function in use, this bit is set to "1" immediately after an edge is detected.
The bit is set to "0" when the function of the composite timer selected is neither the PWC timer function nor
the input capture function.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
The IR bit in the Tn1CR1 (timer n1) register is set to "0" in 16-bit operating mode.
bit4
176
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the pulse width measurement has been completed or no edge has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the pulse width measurement has been completed or an edge has been detected.
Writing "0"
Clears this flag.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit3] BF: Data register full flag
With the PWC timer function in use, this bit is set to "1" when a count value is stored in the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) immediately after pulse width measurement is complete.
In 8-bit operation, this bit is set to "0" when the 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is
read.
The 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) holds data if this bit is set to "1". With this bit
being "1", even when the next edge is detected, the count value is not transferred to the Tn0DR/Tn1DR
register, and the next measurement result is thus lost. Nonetheless, there is an exception. With the F[3:0] bits
in the Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0 register having been set to "0b1001", even though the BF bit is set to "1", the "H"
pulse measurement result is transferred to the Tn0DR/Tn1DR register, while the cycle measurement result is
not transferred to the Tn0DR/Tn1DR register. Therefore, in order to perform cycle measurement, the "H"
pulse measurement result must be read before a cycle is completed. In addition, the result of "H" pulse
measurement and that of cycle measurement are lost if they are not read before the completion of the next
"H" pulse.
The BF bit in the Tn0CR1 (timer n0) register is set to "0" when the Tn1DR (timer n1) register is read during
16-bit operation.
The BF bit in the Tn1CR1 (timer n1) register is set to "0" during 16-bit operation.
This bit is "0" when any timer function other than the PWC timer function is selected.
Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit3
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the there is no measurement data in the 8/16-bit composite timer data register
(Tn0DR/Tn1DR).
Reading "1"
Indicates that the there is measurement data in the 8/16-bit composite timer data register
(Tn0DR/Tn1DR).
[bit2] IF: Timer reload/overflow flag
This bit detects the count value match and the counter overflow.
With the interval timer function (one-shot or continuous) or the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode)
in use, this bit is set to "1" if the 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) value matches the
count value.
With the PWC timer function or the input capture function in use, this bit is set to "1" if a counter overflow
occurs.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".Writing "0" to
this bit sets it to "0".
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
This bit becomes "0" if the PWM function (variable-cycle mode) is selected.
The IF bit in the Tn1CR1 (timer n1) register is "0" in 16-bit operating mode.
bit2
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that neither timer reload nor overflow has occurred.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the a timer reload or an overflow has occurred.
Writing "0"
Clears this flag.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
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[bit1] SO: Timer output initial value bit
The timer output (TMCRn:TO1/TO0) initial value is set by writing a value to this bit. The value in this bit is
reflected in the timer output when the timer operation enable bit (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA) changes from "0"
to "1".
In 16-bit operating mode (TMCRn:MOD = 1), use the SO bit in the Tn0CR1 (timer n0) register to set the
timer output initial value. In this case, the value of the SO bit in the other one has no effect on operation.
During timer operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the write access to this bit is invalid. However, in 16-bit
operating mode, although a value can be written to the SO bit in the Tn1CR1 (timer n1) register even during
timer operation, the value written has no direct effect on the timer output.
When the PWM timer function (fixed cycle mode or variable cycle mode) or the input capture function is in
use, the value of this bit has no effect on operation.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Sets "0" as the timer output initial value.
Writing "1"
Sets "1" as the timer output initial value.
[bit0] OE: Timer output enable bit
This bit enables or disables timer output.
Writing "0" to this bit disables outputting the timer value (TMCRn:TO1/TO0) to the external pin. In this
case, the external pin serves as a general-purpose port.
Writing "1"to this bit enables outputting the timer value to the external pin.
bit0
178
Details
Writing "0"
Disables timer output.
Writing "1"
Enables timer output.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
Ha rdware
12.14.3
Manual
8/16-bit Composite Timer Timer Mode Control
Register (TMCRn)
The 8/16-bit composite timer timer mode control register (TMCRn) selects the
filter function, 8-bit or 16-bit operating mode, and signal input to timer n0 and
indicates the timer output value. This register serves both timer n0 and timer
n1.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
Attribute
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] TO1: Timer n1 output bit
This bit indicates the output value of timer n1. When the timer starts operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1),
the value in the bit changes depending on the timer function selected.
Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
In 16-bit operating mode, if the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode) or the input capture function is
selected, the value in the bit becomes undefined.
With the interval timer function or the PWC timer function having been selected, if the timer stops operating
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 0), this bit holds the last value.
With the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode) having been selected, if the timer stops operating
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 0), this bit holds the last value.
When the timer operating mode select bits (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0]) are modified with the timer stopping
operating, this bit indicates the last value of timer operation if the same timer operation has been performed;
otherwise it indicates its initial value "0".
[bit6] TO0: Timer n0 output bit
This bit indicates the output value of timer n0. When the timer starts operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1),
the value in the bit changes depending on the selected timer function.
Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
If the input capture function is selected, the value in the bit becomes undefined.
With the interval timer function or the PWC timer function having been selected, if the timer stops operating
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 0), this bit holds the last value.
With the PWM timer function (variable-cycle mode) having been selected, if the timer stops operating
(Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 0), this bit holds the last value.
When the timer operating mode select bits (Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0]) are modified with the timer stopping
operating, this bit indicates the last value of timer operation if the same timer operation has been performed;
otherwise it indicates its initial value "0".
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Ma nu al
[bit5] TIS: Timer n0 internal signal select bit
This bit selects the signal input to timer n0 when the PWC timer function or input capture function is
selected.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the external signal (ECn) as the signal input for timer n0.
Writing "1"
Setting prohibited.
[bit4] MOD: 8-bit/16-bit operating mode select bit
This bit selects 8-bit or 16-bit operating mode.
Writing "0" to this bit allows timers n0 and n1 to operate as separate 8-bit timers.
Writing "1" to this bit allows timers n0 and n1 to operate as a 16-bit timer.
While this bit is "1", if the timer starts operating (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1) with the PWM timer function
(variable-cycle mode), this bit is automatically set to "0".
During timer operation (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the write access to this bit is invalid.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the 8-bit operating mode.
Writing "1"
Selects the 16-bit operating mode.
[bit3:2] FE1[1:0]: Timer n1 filter function select bits
These bits select the filter function for the external signal (ECn) to timer n1 when the PWC timer function or
the input capture function is selected.
During timer operation (Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the write access to these bits is invalid.
The settings of the bits have no effect on operation when the interval timer function or the PWM timer
function is selected (the filter function does not operate.).
bit3:2
Details
Writing "00"
Disables the filter function.
Writing "01"
Filters out "H" pulse noise.
Writing "10"
Filters out "L" pulse noise.
Writing "11"
Filters out both "H" pulse noise and "L" pulse noise.
[bit1:0] FE0[1:0]: Timer n0 filter function select bits
These bits select the filter function for the external signal (ECn) to timer n0 when the PWC timer function or
the input capture function is selected.
During timer operation (Tn0CR1:STA = 1), the write access to these bits is invalid.
The settings of the bits have no effect on operation when the interval timer function or the PWM timer
function is selected (the filter function does not operate.).
bit1:0
180
Details
Writing "00"
Disables the filter function.
Writing "01"
Filters out "H" pulse noise.
Writing "10"
Filters out "L" pulse noise.
Writing "11"
Filters out both "H" pulse noise and "L" pulse noise.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
Ha rdware
12.14.4
Manual
8/16-bit Composite Timer Data Register
(Tn0DR/Tn1DR)
The 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is used to set the
maximum count value during the interval timer operation or the PWM timer
operation and to read the count value during the PWC timer operation or the
input capture operation. The Tn0DR and Tn1DR registers correspond to timers
n0 and n1 respectively.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
TDR7
TDR6
TDR5
TDR4
TDR3
TDR2
TDR1
TDR0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
● Interval timer function
The 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is used to set the interval time.
When the timer starts operating (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the value of this register is
transferred to the latch in the 8-bit comparator and the counter starts counting. When the count
value matches the value held in the latch in the 8-bit comparator, the value of this register is
transferred again to the latch, and the counter returns to "0x00" and continues to count.
The current count value can be read from this register.
An attempt to write "0x00" to this register is disabled in interval timer function.
In 16-bit operating mode, write the upper timer data to Tn1DR and lower timer data to Tn0DR,
and write or read Tn1DR first and then Tn0DR.
● PWM timer function (fixed-cycle)
The 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is used to set "H" pulse width
time. When the timer starts operating (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the value of this register is
transferred to the latch in the 8-bit comparator and the counter starts counting from timer
output "H". When the count value matches the value transferred to the latch, the timer output
becomes "L" and the counter continues to count until the count value reaches "0xFF". When an
overflow occurs, the value of this register is transferred again to the latch in the 8-bit
comparator and the counter performs the next cycle of counting.
The current value can be read from this register. In 16-bit operating mode, write the upper
timer data to Tn1DR and lower timer data to Tn0DR, and write or read Tn1DR first and then
Tn0DR.
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Ma nu al
● PWM timer function (variable-cycle)
The 8/16-bit composite timer n0 data register (Tn0DR) and 8/16-bit composite timer n1 data
register (Tn1DR) are used to set "L" pulse width time and cycle respectively. When the timer
starts operating (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 1), the value of each register is transferred to the
latch in the 8-bit comparator and the two counters start counting from timer output "L". When
the Tn0DR value transferred to the latch matches the timer n0 counter value, the timer output
becomes "H" and the counting continues until the Tn1DR value transferred to the latch
matches the timer n1 counter value. When the Tn1DR value transferred to the latch of the 8-bit
comparator matches the timer n1 counter value, the values of the Tn0DR register and the
T01DR register are transferred again to the latch and the counter performs the next PWM cycle
of counting.
The current count value can be read from this register. In 16-bit operating mode, write the
upper timer data to Tn1DR and lower timer data to Tn0DR, and read Tn1DR first and then
Tn0DR.
● PWC timer function
The 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is used to read PWC measurement
results. When PWC measurement is completed, the counter value is transferred to this register
and the BF bit is set to "1".
When the 8/16-bit composite timer data register is read, the BF bit is set to "0". While the BF
bit is "1", no data is transferred to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register.
There is an exception. With the F[3:0] bits in the Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0 register having been set to
"0b1001", even though the BF bit is set to "1", the "H" pulse measurement result is transferred
to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register, while the cycle measurement result is not
transferred to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register. Therefore, in order to perform cycle
measurement, the "H" pulse measurement result must be read before a cycle is completed. In
addition, the result of "H" pulse measurement and that of cycle measurement are lost if they are
not read before the completion of the next "H" pulse.
When reading the 8/16-bit composite timer data register, ensure that the BF bit is not cleared
accidentally.
If new data is written to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register, the stored measurement data
is replaced with the new data. Therefore, do not write data to the register. In 16-bit operating
mode, write the upper timer data to Tn1DR and lower timer data to Tn0DR, and read Tn1DR
first and then Tn0DR.
● Input capture function
The 8/16-bit composite timer data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR) is used to read input capture
results. When an edge specified is detected, the counter value is transferred to the 8/16-bit
composite timer data register.
If new data is written to the 8/16-bit composite timer data register, the stored measurement data
is replaced with the new data. Therefore, do not write data to the register. In 16-bit operating
mode, write the upper timer data to Tn1DR and lower timer data to Tn0DR, and read Tn1DR
first and then Tn0DR.
182
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.14 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
● Read and write operations
Read and write operations of Tn0DR and Tn1DR are performed in the following manner in 16bit operating mode or when the PWM timer function (variable-cycle) is selected.
•
Read from Tn1DR:
In addition to the read access to Tn1DR, the value of Tn0DR is
also stored in the internal read buffer at the same time.
•
Read from Tn0DR:
The internal read buffer is read.
•
Write to Tn1DR:
Data is written to the internal write buffer.
•
Write to Tn0DR:
In addition to the write access to Tn0DR, the value of the internal
write buffer is stored in Tn1DR at the same time.
Figure 12.14-1 shows the Tn0DR and Tn1DR registers read from and written to during 16-bit
operation.
Figure 12.14-1 Read and Write Operations of Tn0DR and Tn1DR Registers during 16-bit
Operation
Tn0DR
register
Write
data
Write
buffer
Tn1DR
write
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
Read
buffer
Read
data
Tn1DR
register
Tn0DR
write
Tn1DR
read
Tn0DR
read
183
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.15 Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer
H ard war e
12.15
Ma nu al
Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer
This section provides notes on using the 8/16-bit composite timer.
■ Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer
•
To switch the timer function with the timer operating mode select bits (Tn0CR0/
Tn1CR0:F[3:0]), stop the timer operation first (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:STA = 0), then clear the
interrupt flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IF, IR), the interrupt enable bits (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IE,
Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:IFE) and the buffer full flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:BF).
•
In the case of using the input capture function, when both edges of the external input signal
is selected as the timing at which the 8/16-bit composite timer captures a counter value
(Tn0CR0/Tn1CR0:F[3:0] = 0b1100 or 0b1111) while "H" level external input signal is
being input, the first falling edge will be ignored, no counter value will be transferred to the
data register (Tn0DR/Tn1DR), and pulse width measurement completion/edge detection
flag (Tn0CR1/Tn1CR1:IR) will not be set either.
- In counter clear mode, the counter will not be cleared at the first falling edge and no data
will be transferred to the data register either. The 8/16-bit composite timer will start the
input capture operation from the next rising edge.
- In counter free-run mode, no data will be transferred to the data register at the first falling
edge. The 8/16-bit composite timer will start the input capture operation from the next
rising edge.
184
•
In 8-bit operating mode (TMCRn:MOD = 0) of the PWM timer function (variable-cycle
mode), when modifying the 8/16-bit composite timer data registers (Tn0DR and Tn1DR)
during counter operation, modify Tn1DR first and then Tn0DR.
•
When the event counter operates in event counter operation mode, 8/16-bit composite timer
ch. 1 is used by the event counter, therefore the 8/16-bit composite timer can no longer use
8/16-bit composite timer ch. 1. For details of the event counter, see "CHAPTER 20
EVENT COUNTER".
•
The counter stops operating while holding the value when the microcontroller transits to
stop mode or watch mode. When the stop mode or watch mode is released by an interrupt,
the counter resumes operating with the last value that it holds (see Figure 12.15-1 and
Figure 12.15-2). Therefore, the first interval time or the initial external clock count value is
incorrect. Always initialize the counter value after the microcontroller is released from stop
mode or watch mode.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.15 Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 12.15-1 Operations of Counter in Standby Mode or in Pause
(Not Serving as PWM Timer)
Tn0DR/Tn1DR data register value (0xFF)
Counter value
0xFF
0x80
0x00
Timer cycle
Time
Request ends
HO request
HO request ends
Delay of oscillation stabilization wait time
Interval time after wake-up
from stop mode (indeterminate)
IF bit
Cleared by program
STA bit
Operation halts
Operation resumes
Operation reactivated
HO bit
Sleep mode
IE bit
SLP bit
(STBC register)
Wake-up from stop mode by external interrupt
Wake-up from sleep mode by interrupt
STP bit
(STBC register)
Stop mode
Figure 12.15-2 Operations of Counter in Standby Mode or in Pause
(Serving as PWM Timer)
(0xFF)
Counter value
0xFF
0x00
Delay of oscillation stabilization wait time
Tn0DR/Tn1DR value (0xFF)
STA bit
Time
*
PWM timer output pin
SLP bit
Sleep mode
Maintains the level prior to stop
Maintains the level prior to hold
(STBC register)
Wake-up from stop mode by external interrupt
Wake-up from sleep mode by interrupt
STP bit
(STBC register)
HO bit
*: The PWM timer output maintains the value held before it enters the stop mode.
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CHAPTER 12 8/16-BIT COMPOSITE TIMER
12.15 Notes on Using 8/16-bit Composite Timer
H ard war e
186
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 13
EXTERNAL INTERRUPT
CIRCUIT
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the external interrupt circuit.
13.1 Overview
13.2 Configuration
13.3 Channels
13.4 Pin
13.5 Interrupt
13.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
13.7 Register
13.8 Notes on Using External Interrupt Circuit
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.1 Overview
H ard war e
13.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The external interrupt circuit detects edges on the signal that is input to the
external interrupt pin, and outputs interrupt requests to the interrupt controller.
■ Function of External Interrupt Circuit
The external interrupt circuit detects any edge of a signal that is input to an external interrupt
pin and generates interrupt requests to the interrupt controller. The interrupt generated
according to this interrupt request can cause the device to wake up from standby mode and
return to its normal operating state. Therefore, the operating mode of the device can be
changed when a signal is input to the external interrupt pin.
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
13.2
Manual
Configuration
The external interrupt circuit consists of the following blocks:
• Edge detection circuit
• External interrupt control register
■ Block Diagram of External Interrupt Circuit
Figure 13.2-1 is the block diagram of the external interrupt circuit.
Figure 13.2-1 Block Diagram of External Interrupt Circuit
01
Pin
INTn+1
Edge detection circuit 0
10
01
11
External interrupt
control register
(EIC)
EIR1
SL11
SL10
11
EIE1
EIR0
SL01
SL00
EIE0
Internal data bus
10
Selector
Edge detection circuit 1
Selector
Pin
INTn
IRQXX
IRQXX
Note: Pin names and interrupt request numbers vary among products.
For details, refer to “■ PIN FUNCTIONS” and “■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE”
in the device data sheet.
● Edge detection circuit
When the polarity of the edge detected on a signal input to an external interrupt circuit pin
(INT) matches the polarity of the edge selected in the interrupt control register (EIC), a
corresponding external interrupt request flag bit (EIR) is set to "1".
● External interrupt control register (EIC)
This register is used to select an edge, enable or disable interrupt requests, check for interrupt
requests, etc.
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.3 Channels
H ard war e
13.3
Ma nu al
Channels
This section describes the channels of the external interrupt circuit.
■ Channels of External Interrupt Circuit
Table 13.3-1 shows the pins and their corresponding registers of the external interrupt.
Table 13.3-1 Pins and Register of External Interrupt Circuit
Pin name
Pin function
INTn
External interrupt input ch. n
INTn+1
External interrupt input ch. n+1
INTn+2
External interrupt input ch. n+2
INTn+3
External interrupt input ch. n+3
Corresponding register
External interrupt control register
(EIC)
The number of external interrupt circuit units varies among products. For the number of
external interrupt circuit units in an individual product, refer to the device data sheet.
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.4 Pin
Ha rdware
13.4
Manual
Pin
This section provides details of the pin of the external interrupt circuit.
■ Pin of External Interrupt Circuit
● INT pin
This pin serves both as an external interrupt input pin and as a general-purpose I/O port.
If the INT pin is set as an input port by the port direction register (DDR) and the corresponding
external interrupt input is enabled by the external interrupt control register (EIC), that pin
functions as an external interrupt input pin (INT).
The state of a pin can always be read from the port data register (PDR) when that pin is set as
an input port. The value of PDR can be read by using the read-modify-write (RMW) type of
instruction.
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.5 Interrupt
H ard war e
13.5
Ma nu al
Interrupt
The interrupt source for the external interrupt circuit is the detection of the
specified edge of the signal input to an external interrupt pin.
■ Interrupt during Operation of External Interrupt Circuit
When the specified edge of external interrupt input is detected, the corresponding external
interrupt request flag bit (EIC:EIR0 or EIR1) is set to "1". In this case, if the interrupt request
enable bit (EIC:EIE0 or EIE1 = 1) corresponding to that external interrupt request flag bit is
enabled, an interrupt request is generated to the interrupt controller. In an interrupt service
routine, write "0" to the external interrupt request flag bit corresponding to that interrupt
request generated to clear the interrupt request.
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
13.6
Manual
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
This section describes the operations of the external interrupt circuit.
■ Operations of External Interrupt Circuit
When the polarity of an edge of a signal input from one of the external interrupt pins (INTn,
INTn+1) matches the polarity of the edge selected by the external interrupt control register
(EIC:SL0[1:0] or SL1[1:0]), the corresponding external interrupt request flag bit (EIC:EIR0 or
EIR1) is set to "1" and the interrupt request is generated.
Always set the interrupt request enable bit to "0" when not using an external interrupt to wake
up the device from standby mode.
When setting the edge polarity select bit (SL00, SL01 or SL10, SL11), set the interrupt request
enable bit (EIE0 or EIE1) to "0" to prevent the interrupt request from being generated
accidentally. Also clear the interrupt request flag bit (EIR0 or EIR1) to "0" after changing the
edge polarity.
Figure 13.6-1 shows the operations for setting the INTn pin as an external interrupt input.
Figure 13.6-1 Operations of External Interrupt
Input waveform
to INTn pin
Interrupt request flag bit cleared
by program
EIR0 bit
EIE0 bit
SL01 bit
SL00 bit
IRQ
No edge
detection
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
Rising edge
Falling edge
Both edges
193
CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the external interrupt circuit.
● Initial settings
1. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
2. Select the edge polarity. (EIC:SL0[1:0])
3. Enable interrupt requests. (EIC:EIE0 = 1)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Interrupt processing
1. Clear the interrupt request flag. (EIC:EIR0 = 0)
2. Process any interrupt.
Note:
An external interrupt input port shares the same pin with a general-purpose I/O port.
Therefore, when using the pin as an external interrupt input port, set the bit in the port
direction register (DDR) corresponding to that pin to "0" (input).
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.7 Register
Ha rdware
13.7
Manual
Register
This section describes the register of the external interrupt circuit.
Table 13.7-1 List of External Interrupt Circuit Register
Register
abbreviation
EIC
Register name
External interrupt control register
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Reference
13.7.1
195
CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.7 Register
H ard war e
13.7.1
Ma nu al
External Interrupt Control Register (EIC)
The external interrupt control register (EIC) is used to select the edge polarity
for the external interrupt input and control interrupts.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
EIR1
SL11
SL10
EIE1
EIR0
SL01
SL00
EIE0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] EIR1: External interrupt request flag bit 1
This flag is set to "1" when the edge selected by the edge polarity select bits 1 (SL1[1:0]) is input to the
external interrupt pin INTn+1.
When this bit and the interrupt request enable bit 1 (EIE1) are set to "1", an interrupt request is output.
Writing "0" clears this bit. Writing "1" has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit7
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the specified edge has not been input.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the specified edge has been input.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit6:5] SL1[1:0]: Edge polarity select bits 1
These bits select the polarity of an edge of the pulse input to the external interrupt pin INTn+1. The edge
selected is to be the interrupt source.
If these bits are set to "0b00", no edge detection is performed and no interrupt request is made.
If these bits are set to "0b01", rising edges are to be detected; if "0b10", falling edges are to be detected; if
"0b11", both edges are to be detected.
bit6:5
Details
Writing "00"
No edge detection
Writing "01"
Rising edge
Writing "10"
Falling edge
Writing "11"
Both edges
[bit4] EIE1: Interrupt request enable bit 1
This bit enables or disables outputting the interrupt request to the interrupt controller. When this bit and the
external interrupt request flag bit 1 (EIR1) are "1", an interrupt request is output.
When using an external interrupt pin, write "0" to the corresponding bit in the port direction register (DDR)
to set the pin as an input port.
The status of the external interrupt pin can be read directly from the port data register, regardless of the status
of the interrupt request enable bit.
bit4
196
Details
Writing "0"
Disables outputting the interrupt request.
Writing "1"
Enables outputting the interrupt request.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.7 Register
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit3] EIR0: External interrupt request flag bit 0
This flag is set to "1" when the edge selected by the edge polarity select bits 0 (SL0[1:0]) is input to the
external interrupt pin INTn.
When this bit and the interrupt request enable bit 0 (EIE0) are set to "1", an interrupt request is output.
Writing "0" clears this bit. Writing "1" has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit3
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the specified edge has not been input.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the specified edge has been input.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit2:1] SL0[1:0]: Edge polarity select bits 0
These bits select the polarity of an edge of the pulse input to the external interrupt pin INTn. The edge
selected is to be the interrupt source.
If these bits are set to "0b00", no edge detection is performed and no interrupt request is made.
If these bits are set to "0b01", rising edges are to be detected; if "0b10", falling edges are to be detected; if
"0b11", both edges are to be detected.
bit2:1
Details
Writing "00"
No edge detection
Writing "01"
Rising edge
Writing "10"
Falling edge
Writing "11"
Both edges
[bit0] EIE0: Interrupt request enable bit 0
This bit enables or disables outputting the interrupt request to the interrupt controller. When this bit and the
external interrupt request flag bit 0 (EIR0) are "1", an interrupt request is output.
When using an external interrupt pin, write "0" to the corresponding bit in the port direction register (DDR)
to set the pin as an input port.
The status of the external interrupt pin can be read directly from the port data register, regardless of the status
of the interrupt request enable bit.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables outputting the interrupt request.
Writing "1"
Enables outputting the interrupt request.
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CHAPTER 13 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
13.8 Notes on Using External Interrupt Circuit
H ard war e
13.8
Ma nu al
Notes on Using External Interrupt Circuit
This section provides notes on using the external interrupt circuit.
■ Notes on Using External Interrupt Circuit
• Before setting the edge polarity select bits (SL0[1:0] or SL1[1:0]), set the interrupt request
enable bit (EIE0 or EIE1) to "0" (disabling interrupt requests). In addition, clear the external
interrupt request flag bit (EIR0 or EIR1) to "0" after setting the edge polarity.
• The device cannot wake up from the interrupt service routine if the external interrupt
request flag bit is "1" and the interrupt request enable bit is enabled. In the interrupt service
routine, always clear the external interrupt request flag bit.
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 14
INTERRUPT PIN
SELECTION CIRCUIT
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the interrupt pin selection circuit.
14.1 Overview
14.2 Configuration
14.3 Pins
14.4 Operation
14.5 Register
14.6 Notes on Using Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit
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CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.1 Overview
H ard war e
14.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The interrupt pin selection circuit selects pins to be used as interrupt input
pins from among various peripheral input pins.
■ Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit
The interrupt pin selection circuit is used to select interrupt input pins from among various
peripheral inputs (EC0, INT00, UCK0 and UI0). The input signal from each peripheral
function pin is selected by this circuit and the signal is used as the INT00 (ch. 0) input of
external interrupt. This enables the input signal from each peripheral function pin to also serve
as an external interrupt pin.
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CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
14.2
Manual
Configuration
Figure 14.2-1 and Figure 14.2-2 show the block diagrams of the interrupt pin
selection circuit.
■ Block Diagrams of Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit
Figure 14.2-1 Block Diagram of Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit (MB95710L Series)
External
interrupt
circuit
To each peripheral function
INT01
P01
INT01
Interrupt pin selection circuit
Selection circuit
UCK0
P14
INT00
(Unit 0)
UI0
Internal data bus
INT00
P00
P10
EC0
P51
WICR register
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CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 14.2-2 Block Diagram of Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit (MB95770L Series)
External
interrupt
circuit
To each peripheral function
INT01
P01
INT01
Interrupt pin selection circuit
UCK0
P14
INT00
(Unit 0)
UI0
Internal data bus
Selection circuit
INT00
P00
P10
EC0
P14
WICR register
• WICR register (interrupt pin selection circuit control register)
This register is used to determine which of the available peripheral input pins should be
output to the interrupt circuit and which interrupt pins they should serve as.
• Selection circuit
This circuit outputs the input from the pin selected by the WICR register to the INT00 input
of the external interrupt circuit (ch. 0).
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CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.3 Pins
Ha rdware
14.3
Manual
Pins
This section describes the pins of the interrupt pin selection circuit.
■ Pins of Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit
The peripheral function pins of the interrupt pin selection circuit are the EC0, INT00, UCK0
and UI0 pins. These input pins (except INT00) are also connected to their respective peripheral
units in parallel and can be used for both functions simultaneously. Table 14.3-1 shows the
correspondence between the peripheral functions and peripheral input pins.
Table 14.3-1 Correspondence between Peripheral Functions and Peripheral
Input Pins
Peripheral input pin name
Peripheral functions name
EC0
8/16-bit composite timer (event input)
INT00
Interrupt pin selection circuit
UCK0
UART/SIO (clock I/O)
UI0
UART/SIO (data input)
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CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.4 Operation
H ard war e
14.4
Ma nu al
Operation
The interrupt pins are selected by setting the WICR register.
■ Operation of Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit
The WICR register selects the input pins to be input to INT00 of the external interrupt circuit
(ch. 0). Below is a setup procedure for the interrupt pin selection circuit and external interrupt
circuit (ch. 0), which must be followed when selecting the UCK0 pin as an interrupt pin.
1. Write "0" to the corresponding bit in the port direction register (DDR) to set the pin as an
input.
2. Select the UCK0 pin as an interrupt input pin in the WICR register.
- Write "0x02" to the WICR register. At this point, write "0" to the EIE0 bit in the EIC00
register of the external interrupt circuit to disable the operation of the external interrupt
circuit.
3. Enable the operation of INT00 of the external interrupt circuit (ch. 0).
- Set the SL0[1:0] bits in the EIC00 register to any value other than "0b00" in the external
interrupt circuit to select the valid edge. Also write "1" to the EIE0 bit to enable
interrupts.
4. The subsequent interrupt operation is the same as that of the external interrupt circuit.
- When a reset is released, the WICR register is initialized to "0x40" and the INT00 bit is
selected as the only available interrupt pin. To use any pins other than the INT00 pin as
external interrupt pins, modify the settings of this register before enabling the operation
of the external interrupt circuit.
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CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.5 Register
Ha rdware
14.5
Manual
Register
This section describes the register of the interrupt pin selection circuit.
Table 14.5-1 List of External Interrupt Circuit Register
Register
abbreviation
WICR
Register name
Interrupt pin selection circuit control register
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Reference
14.5.1
205
CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.5 Register
H ard war e
14.5.1
Ma nu al
Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit Control Register
(WICR)
This register is used to determine which of the available peripheral input pins
should be output to the interrupt circuit and which interrupt pins they should
serve as.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
INT00
—
—
EC0
UI0
UCK0
—
Attribute
—
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
Initial value
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] Undefined bit
The read value is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6] INT00: INT00 interrupt pin select bit
This bit determines whether to select the INT00 pin as an interrupt input pin.
Writing "0" to this bit deselects the INT00 pin as an interrupt input pin, and the interrupt pin selection circuit
treats the INT00 pin input as being fixed at "0".
Writing "1" to this bit selects the INT00 pin as an interrupt input pin and the circuit passes the INT00 pin
input to INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit. In this case, the input signal to the INT00 pin can
generate an external interrupt if INT00 (ch. 0) operation is enabled in the external interrupt circuit.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Deselects the INT00 pin as an interrupt input pin.
Writing "1"
Selects the INT00 pin as an interrupt input pin.
[bit5:4] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit3] EC0: EC0 interrupt pin select bit
This bit determines whether to select the EC0 pin as an interrupt input pin.
Writing "0" to this bit deselects the EC0 pin as an interrupt input pin, and the interrupt pin selection circuit
treats the EC0 pin input as being fixed at "0".
Writing "1" to this bit selects the EC0 pin as an interrupt input pin and the circuit passes the EC0 pin input to
INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit. In this case, the input signal to the EC0 pin can generate an
external interrupt if INT00 (ch. 0) operation is enabled in the external interrupt circuit.
bit3
206
Details
Writing "0"
Deselects the EC0 pin as an interrupt input pin.
Writing "1"
Selects the EC0 pin as an interrupt input pin.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 14 INTERRUPT PIN SELECTION CIRCUIT
14.5 Register
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit2] UI0: UI0 interrupt pin select bit
This bit determines whether to select the UI0 pin as an interrupt input pin.
Writing "0" to this bit deselects the UI0 pin as an interrupt input pin, and the interrupt pin selection circuit
treats the UI0 pin input as being fixed at "0".
Writing "1" to this bit selects the UI0 pin as an interrupt input pin and the circuit passes the UI0 pin input to
INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit. In this case, the input signal to the UI0 pin can generate an
external interrupt if INT00 (ch. 0) operation is enabled in the external interrupt circuit.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Deselects the UI0 pin as the interrupt input pin.
Writing "1"
Selects the UI0 pin as the interrupt input pin.
[bit1] UCK0: UCK0 interrupt pin select bit
This bit determines whether to select the UCK0 pin as an interrupt input pin.
Writing "0" to this bit deselects the UCK0 pin as an interrupt input pin, and the interrupt pin selection circuit
treats the UCK0 pin input as "0".
Writing "1" to this bit selects the UCK0 pin as an interrupt input pin and the circuit passes the UCK0 pin
input to INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit. In this case, the input signal to the UCK0 pin can
generate an external interrupt if INT00 (ch. 0) operation is enabled in the external interrupt circuit.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Deselects the UCK0 pin as the interrupt input pin.
Writing "1"
Selects the UCK0 pin as the interrupt input pin.
[bit0] Undefined bit
The read value is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
When any of these bits (except undefined bits) is set to "1" and the operation of INT00 (ch. 0) of the external
interrupt circuit is enabled in standby mode of this device, the selected pin is enabled to perform input
operation. The device wakes up from the standby mode when a valid edge pulse is input to the selected pin.
For detail of the standby mode, see "3.5 Operations in Low Power Consumption Mode (Standby Mode)".
Note:
The input signals to the peripheral pins do not generate an external interrupt even when
"1" is written to these bits if the INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit is disabled.
Do not modify the values of these bits while the INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt
circuit is enabled. If modified, the external interrupt circuit may detect a valid edge,
depending on the pin input level.
If multiple interrupt pins are selected in the WICR register simultaneously and the
operation of INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit is enabled (the values other than
"0b00" are written to the SL0[1:0] bits in the EIC register of the external interrupt circuit.),
the selected pins will remain enabled to perform input so as to accept interrupts even in
standby mode.
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14.6 Notes on Using Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit
H ard war e
14.6
Ma nu al
Notes on Using Interrupt Pin Selection Circuit
This section provides notes on using the interrupt pin selection circuit.
• If multiple interrupt pins are selected in the WICR register simultaneously and the operation
of INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit is enabled (a value other than "0b00" is
written to the SL0[1:0] bits in the EIC register of the external interrupt circuit to select a
valid edge, and "1" is written to the EIE0 bit to enable the interrupt request.), the input to
the selected pins will remain enabled so as to accept interrupts even in standby mode.
• If multiple interrupt pins are selected in the WICR register simultaneously, an input to
INT00 (ch. 0) of the external interrupt circuit is treated as "H" if any of the selected input
signals is "H" (It becomes "OR" of the signals input to the selected pins).
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CHAPTER 15
8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
15.1 Overview
15.2 Configuration
15.3 Pins
15.4 Interrupt
15.5 Enabling Operation of 8/12-bit A/D Converter
15.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
15.7 Registers
15.8 Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D Converter
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15.1 Overview
H ard war e
15.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The 8/12-bit A/D converter is a 12-bit successive approximation type of 8/12-bit
A/D converter. It can be started by the software and internal clock, with one
input signal selected from multiple analog input pins.
■ A/D Conversion Function
The 8/12-bit A/D converter converts analog voltage (input voltage) input through an analog
input pin to an 8-bit or 12-bit digital value.
• The input signal can be selected from multiple analog input pins.
• The conversion speed can be set in a program. (can be selected according to operating
voltage and frequency).
• An interrupt is generated when A/D conversion is completed.
• The completion of conversion can be determined according to the ADI bit in the ADC1
register.
To activate the A/D conversion function, use one of the following methods.
• Activation using the AD bit in the ADC1 register
• Continuous activation using the 8/16-bit composite timer output TO00
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15.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
15.2
Manual
Configuration
The 8/12-bit A/D converter consists of the following blocks:
• Clock selector (input clock selector for starting A/D conversion)
• Analog channel selector
• Sample-and-hold circuit
• Control circuit
• 8/12-bit A/D converter operation enable state transition time counter
• 8/12-bit A/D converter data register (upper/lower) (ADDH/ADDL)
• 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 1 (ADC1)
• 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 2 (ADC2)
• 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 3 (ADC3)
The number of analog input pins and that of analog channels of the 8/12-bit A/D converter vary
among products. For details, refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name represents the analog input pin number. For details of pin
names of a product, refer to the device data sheet.
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■ Block Diagram of 8/12-bit A/D Converter
Figure 15.2-1 is the block diagram of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
Figure 15.2-1 Block Diagram of 8/12-bit A/D Converter
8/12-bit A/D converter control register 2 (ADC2)
ADS
TIM1
TIM0
ADCK
ADIE
ANn pin
EXT
CKDIV1
CKDIV0
Startup
signal
selector
ADTG pin
8/16-bit composite
timer ch. 0 output pin
(TO00)
Analog
channel
selector
Sample-and-hold
circuit
Control circuit
Internal data bus
8/12-bit A/D converter data register
(upper/lower)
(ADDH/ADDL)
8/12-bit A/D converter
operation enable state
transition time counter
ENTM4
ENTM3
ENTM2
ENTM1
8/12-bit A/D converter control register 3 (ADC3)
ANS3
ANS2
ANS1
ANS0
ADI
8/12-bit A/D converter control register 1 (ADC1)
ENTM0
ADMV
READY
Reserved
ENBL
AD
IRQ
● Clock selector
This selects the A/D conversion clock with continuous activation having been enabled
(ADC2:EXT = 1).
● Analog channel selector
This is the circuit selecting an input channel from several analog input pins.
● Sample-and-hold circuit
This circuit holds input voltage selected by the analog channel selector. By sampling the input
voltage and holding it immediately after A/D conversion starts, this circuit prevents A/D
conversion from being affected by the fluctuation in input voltage during the conversion
(comparison).
● Control circuit
The A/D conversion function determines the values in the 12-bit A/D data register sequentially
from MSB to LSB based on the voltage compare signal from the comparator. When A/D
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15.2 Configuration
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Manual
conversion is completed, the A/D conversion function sets the interrupt request flag bit (ADC1:
ADI) to "1".
● 8/12-bit A/D converter data register (upper/lower) (ADDH/ADDL)
The upper two bits of 12-bit A/D data are stored in the ADDH register; the lower eight bits in
the ADDL register.
If the A/D conversion precision bit (ADC2:AD8) is set to "1", the A/D conversion precision
becomes 8-bit precision, and the upper eight bits of 12-bit A/D data are to be stored in the
ADDL register.
● 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 1 (ADC1)
This register enables or disables different functions, selects an analog input pin and checks the
status of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
● 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 2 (ADC2)
This register selects an input clock, enables or disables interrupts and controls different
functions of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
● 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 3 (ADC3)
This register switches the 8/12-bit A/D converter between the operation enable state and the
operation disable state.
● 8/12-bit A/D converter operation enable state transition time counter
This is the dedicated counter for counting the time of the 8/12-bit A/D converter transiting
from the operation disable state to the operation enable state. The transition time can be
adjusted by modifying the value of the ENTM[4:0] bits in the ADC3 register.
■ Input Clock
The 8/12-bit A/D converter uses an output clock from the prescaler as the input clock
(operating clock).
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CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER
15.3 Pins
H ard war e
15.3
Ma nu al
Pins
This section describes the pins of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
■ Pins of 8/12-bit A/D Converter
● ANn pin
When using the A/D conversion function, input to the ANn pin the analog voltage to be
converted. To use an ANn pin as an analog input pin, write "0" to the bit in the port direction
register (DDR) corresponding to that pin, and the value corresponding to that pin to the analog
input pin select bits (ADC1:ANS[3:0]). A pin not used as an analog input pin can be used as a
general-purpose I/O port even when the 8/12-bit A/D converter is in use.
● ADTG pin
This is a pin used to activate the A/D conversion function with an external trigger. Before
using the ADTG pin to activate the A/D conversion function with an external trigger, set the
pin as an input port using the corresponding DDR register.
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15.4 Interrupt
Ha rdware
15.4
Manual
Interrupt
The completion of conversion during the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D converter
is an interrupt source of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
■ Interrupt During 8/12-bit A/D Converter Operation
When A/D conversion is completed, the interrupt request flag bit (ADC1:ADI) is set to "1".
Then if the interrupt request enable bit has been enabled (ADC2:ADIE = 1), an interrupt
request is made to the interrupt controller. Write "0" to the ADI bit using the interrupt service
routine to clear the interrupt request.
The ADI bit is set to "1" when A/D conversion is completed, irrespective of the value of the
ADIE bit.
The CPU cannot return from interrupt processing if the interrupt request flag bit (ADC1:ADI)
is "1" with interrupt requests having been enabled (ADC2:ADIE = 1). Always clear the ADI bit
in the interrupt service routine.
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15.5 Enabling Operation of 8/12-bit A/D Converter
H ard war e
15.5
Ma nu al
Enabling Operation of 8/12-bit A/D Converter
This section describes details of enabling the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D
converter.
Before executing A/D conversion, the 8/12-bit A/D converter must be in the operation enable
state. Writing "1" to the ENBL bit in the ADC3 register makes the 8/12-bit A/D converter,
after the operation enable state transition time elapses, transit from the operation disable state
to the operation enable state. Writing "0" to the ENBL bit makes the 8/12-bit A/D converter
immediately transit to the operation disable state.
Only in the operation enable state can the 8/12-bit A/D converter execute A/D conversion.
In the operation disable state, all A/D conversion requests are ignored.
Reading the READY bit in the ADC3 register can check whether the 8/12-bit A/D converter is
in the operation enable state.
Figure 15.5-1 shows the procedure for setting the operation enable state.
Figure 15.5-1 Operation Enable State Setting Procedure
Operation disable state
Enable the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
(writing “1” to ADC3:ENBL)
Operation enable state
transition time
Check whether the 8/12-bit
A/D converter is in the
operation enable state.
ADC3:READY = 1?
No
Yes
Operation enable state
Note:
The operation enable state transition time can be adjusted by modifying the value of the
ENTM[4:0] bits in the ADC3 register. Select an appropriate transition time in relation to
the machine clock (MCLK) cycle following the specifications shown in "■ ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS" in the device data sheet.
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15.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
15.6
Manual
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
The 8/12-bit A/D converter can activate A/D conversion with the software or
activate A/D conversion continuously according to the setting of the EXT bit in
the ADC2 register.
■ Operations of 8/12-bit A/D Converter Conversion Function
● Software activation
To activate the A/D conversion function with the software, do the settings shown in
Figure 15.6-1.
Figure 15.6-1 Settings for A/D Conversion Function (Software Activation)
ADC1
bit7
ANS3
bit6
ANS2
bit5
ANS1
bit4
ANS0
bit3
ADI
ADC2
AD8
TIM1
TIM0
ADCK
×
ADIE
EXT
0
ADC3
0
ENTM4
ENTM3
ENTM2
ENTM1
ENTM0
ADDH
-
-
-
-
ADDL
bit2
bit1
ADMV Reserved
0
bit0
AD
1
CKDIV1 CKDIV0
READY
1
ENBL
1
A/D converted value retained
A/D converted value retained
: Bit to be used
× : Unused bit
0 : Set to "0"
1 : Set to "1"
When the A/D conversion function is activated, A/D conversion starts. In addition, the A/D
conversion function can be re-activated even during conversion.
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15.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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● Continuous activation
To execute continuous activation of the A/D conversion function, do the settings shown in
Figure 15.6-2.
Figure 15.6-2 Settings for A/D Conversion Function (Continuous Activation)
ADC1
bit7
ANS3
bit6
ANS2
bit5
ANS1
bit4
ANS0
bit3
ADI
ADC2
AD8
TIM1
TIM0
ADCK
ADIE
EXT
1
ADC3
0
ENTM4
ENTM3
ENTM2
ENTM1
ENTM0
ADDH
-
-
-
-
ADDL
bit2
bit1
ADMV Reserved
0
bit0
AD
×
CKDIV1 CKDIV0
READY
1
ENBL
1
A/D converted value retained
A/D converted value retained
: Bit to be used
× : Unused bit
0 : Set to "0"
1 : Set to "1"
When continuous activation is enabled, the A/D conversion function is activated at the rising
edge of the input clock selected to start A/D conversion. Continuous activation is stopped when
disabled (ADC2:EXT = 0).
■ Operations of A/D Conversion Function
This section explains the operations of 8/12-bit A/D converter.
1. When A/D conversion is started, the conversion flag bit is set (ADC1:ADMV = 1) and the
selected analog input pin is connected to the sample-and-hold circuit.
2. The voltage in the analog input pin is loaded into a sample-and-hold capacitor in the
sample-and-hold circuit during the sampling cycle. This voltage is held until A/D
conversion is completed.
3. The comparator in the control circuit compares the voltage loaded into sample-and-hold
capacitor with the A/D conversion reference voltage, from the most significant bit (MSB)
to the least significant bit (LSB), and then transfers the results to the ADDH and ADDL
registers.
After the results have been transferred to the two registers, the conversion flag bit is cleared
(ADC1:ADMV = 0) and the interrupt request flag bit is set to "1" (ADC1:ADI = 1).
Notes:
• The contents of the ADDH and ADDL registers are saved at the end of A/D
conversion. Therefore, during A/D conversion, the values resulting from last
conversion will be returned if the two registers are read.
• Do not change the analog input pin select bits (ADC1:ANS[3:0]) while AD conversion
function is being used. During continuous activation in particular, disable continuous
activation (ADC2:EXT = 0) before changing the analog input pin.
• A reset, or the start of the stop mode or watch mode causes the 8/12-bit A/D converter
to stop and the ADMV bit to be cleared to "0".
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15.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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Manual
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the 8/12-bit A/D converter:
● Initial settings
1. Set the input port. (DDR)
2. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
3. Enable the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D converter. (ADC3:ENTM[4:0], ADC3:ENBL = 1)
4. Select an A/D input pin. (ADC1:ANS[3:0])
5. Set the sampling time. (ADC2:TIM[1:0])
6. Select the clock. (ADC2:CKDIV[1:0])
7. Set A/D conversion precision. (ADC2:AD8)
8. Select the operating mode. (ADC2:EXT)
9. Select the start trigger. (ADC2:ADCK)
10. Enable interrupts. (ADC2:ADIE = 1)
11. Check that the 8/12-bit A/D converter is in the operation enable state. (ADC3:READY = 1)
12. Activate the A/D conversion function. (ADC1:AD = 1)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Interrupt processing
1. Clear the interrupt request flag to "0". (ADC1:ADI = 0)
2. Read converted values. (ADDH, ADDL)
3. Activate the A/D conversion function. (ADC1:AD = 1)
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15.7 Registers
H ard war e
15.7
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
Table 15.7-1 List of 8/12-bit A/D Converter Registers
Register
abbreviation
220
Register name
Reference
ADC1
8/12-bit A/D converter control register 1
15.7.1
ADC2
8/12-bit A/D converter control register 2
15.7.2
ADC3
8/12-bit A/D converter control register 3
15.7.3
ADDH
8/12-bit A/D converter data register (upper)
15.7.4
ADDL
8/12-bit A/D converter data register (lower)
15.7.4
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15.7 Registers
Ha rdware
15.7.1
Manual
8/12-bit A/D Converter Control Register 1 (ADC1)
The 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 1 (ADC1) enables or disables
individual functions of the 8/12-bit A/D converter, selects an analog input pin
and checks the status of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
ANS3
ANS2
ANS1
ANS0
ADI
ADMV
Reserved
AD
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
W
W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:4] ANS[3:0]: Analog input pin select bits
These bits select an analog input pin.
When A/D conversion is started (AD = 1) by the software (ADC2: EXT = 0), these bits can be modified
simultaneously.
bit7:4
Details*
Writing "0000"
AN00 pin
Writing "0001"
AN01 pin
Writing "0010"
AN02 pin
Writing "0011"
AN03 pin
Writing "0100"
AN04 pin
Writing "0101"
AN05 pin
Writing "0110"
AN06 pin
Writing "0111"
AN07 pin
Writing "1000"
AN08 pin
Writing "1001"
AN09 pin
Writing "1010"
AN10 pin
Writing "1011"
AN11 pin
*: The number of analog input pins vary among products. For the number of analog input pins of a product, refer to its
data sheet.
Notes:
• Do not write to ANS[3:0] any value other than those listed in the table above.
• When the ADMV bit is "1", do not modify these bits. Pins not used as analog input pins can be used as generalpurpose I/O ports.
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[bit3] ADI: Interrupt request flag bit
This bit detects the completion of A/D conversion.
When the A/D conversion function is used, the bit is set to "1" immediately after A/D conversion is
complete.
Interrupt requests are output when this bit and the interrupt request enable bit (ADC2: ADIE) are both set to
"1".
When "0" is written to this bit, it is cleared. Writing "1" to this bit does not change it or affect other bits.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit3
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that A/D conversion has not been completed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that A/D conversion has been completed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit2] ADMV: Conversion flag bit
This bit indicates that A/D conversion is in progress.
The bit is set to "1" during A/D conversion.
This bit is read-only. Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit2
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that A/D conversion is not executed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that A/D conversion is in progress.
[bit1] Reserved bit
Always set this bit to "0".
[bit0] AD: A/D conversion start bit
This bit starts the A/D conversion function with the software.
Writing "1" to the bit starts the A/D conversion function.
When the continuous start enable bit in the ADC2 register (ADC2:EXT) is "1", starting the A/D conversion
with this bit is disabled.
With the EXT bit set to "0", when "1" is written to this bit while A/D conversion is in progress, A/D
conversion restarts.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Starts the A/D conversion function.
Note: Writing "0" to this bit cannot stop the operation of the A/D conversion function. The read value of this
bit is always "0".
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15.7 Registers
Ha rdware
15.7.2
Manual
8/12-bit A/D Converter Control Register 2 (ADC2)
The 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 2 (ADC2) controls different functions
of the 8/12-bit A/D converter, selects the input clock, and enables or disables
interrupts.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
AD8
TIM1
TIM0
ADCK
ADIE
EXT
CKDIV1
CKDIV0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] AD8: Precision select bit
This bit selects the resolution of A/D conversion.
Writing "0" to this bit selects12-bit precision.
Writing "1" to this bit selects 8-bit precision. Reading the ADDL register can obtain 8-bit data.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
12-bit precision
Writing "1"
8-bit precision
Note: The data bits to be used are different depending on the resolution selected. Modify this bit only when
the A/D converter has stopped operating.
[bit6:5] TIM[1:0]: Sampling time select bits
These bits select the sampling time.
Modify the sampling time according to operating conditions (voltage and frequency).
The CKIN value is determined by the clock select bits (ADC2:CKDIV[1:0]).
bit6:5
Details
Writing "00"
CKIN  2
Writing "01"
CKIN  5
Writing "10"
CKIN  8
Writing "11"
CKIN  14
Note: Modify these bits only when the A/D converter has stopped operating.
[bit4] ADCK: External start signal select bit
This bit selects the start signal for external start (ADC2:EXT = 1).
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the ADTG pin as the pin used to start the A/D conversion function.
Writing "1"
Selects the 8/16-bit composite timer ch. 0 output pin (TO00) as the pin used to start the A/D
conversion function.
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[bit3] ADIE: Interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables outputting the interrupt request to the interrupt controller.
When both this bit and the interrupt request flag bit (ADC1: ADI) have been set to "1", an interrupt request is
output.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables outputting the interrupt request.
Writing "1"
Enables outputting the interrupt request.
[bit2] EXT: Continuous start enable bit
This bit selects whether to start the A/D conversion function with the software, or to continuously start the
A/D conversion function whenever a rising edge of the input clock is detected.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Starts the A/D conversion function with the AD bit in the ADC1 register.
Writing "1"
Continuously start the A/D conversion function according to the clock selected by the ADCK bit
in the ADC2 register.
[bit1:0] CKDIV[1:0]: Clock select bits
These bits select the clock (CKIN) to be used for A/D conversion. The input clock is generated by the
prescaler. See "3.9 Operation of Prescaler" for details.
The sampling time varies according to the clock selected by these bits.
Modify these bits according to operating conditions (voltage and frequency).
Details
(MCLK: machine clock)
bit1:0
Writing "00"
1 MCLK
Writing "01"
MCLK/2
Writing "10"
MCLK/4
Writing "11"
MCLK/8
Note: Modify these bits only when the A/D converter has stopped operating.
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Ha rdware
15.7.3
Manual
8/12-bit A/D Converter Control Register 3 (ADC3)
The 8/12-bit A/D converter control register 3 (ADC3) sets the 8/12-bit A/D
converter to the operation enable state.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
ENTM4
ENTM3
ENTM2
ENTM1
ENTM0
READY
ENBL
Attribute
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
Initial value
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] Undefined bit
The read value of this bit is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6:2] ENTM[4:0]: Operation enable state transition cycle select bits
These bits select the number of operation enable state transition time cycles.
Operation enable state transition time = machine clock (MCLK) cycle  (value of ENTM[4:0]  1)
Example:
MCLK = 16.25 MHz (61 ns)
ENTM[4:0] = 0x1F
Operation enable state transition time = 61 ns  (31  1) = 1925 ns
[bit1] READY: A/D converter operation enable state bit
This bit indicates whether the 8/12-bit A/D converter is in the operation enable state.
Only in the operation enable state can the 8/12-bit A/D converter execute A/D conversion.
In the operation disable state, all A/D conversion requests are ignored.
When the 8/12-bit A/D converter transits to the operation disable state during A/D conversion, A/D
conversion stops after the conversion sequence ends (ADC1:ADMV = 0).
bit1
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the 8/12-bit A/D converter is in the operation disable state.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the 8/12-bit A/D converter is in the operation enable state.
[bit0] ENBL: A/D converter operation enable/disable bit
This bit enables or disables the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
Writing "1" to this bit makes the 8/12-bit A/D converter, after the operation enable state transition time
elapses, transit from the operation disable state to the operation enable state. Writing "0" to this bit makes the
8/12-bit A/D converter immediately transit to the operation disable state.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
Writing "1"
Enables the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
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CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER
15.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Notes:
• Modifying the value of the ENTM[4:0] bits is prohibited during the period between
writing "1" to the ENBL bit and the READY bit changing to "1". To modify the value of
the ENTM[4:0] bits with "1" already written to the ENBL bit, check that the READY bit
has been set to "1" beforehand.
• When a reset is generated or when the stop mode or the watch mode starts, the 8/12bit A/D converter immediately stops, and the ADMV bit in the ADC1 register, the
READY bit and the ENBL bit are cleared to "0".
• A/D conversion continues for a while after "0" is written to the ENBL bit during A/D
conversion. Before enabling the operation of the 8/12-bit A/D converter again by
writing "1" to the ENBL bit, check the ADMV bit in the ADC1 register to ensure that the
previous A/D conversion has been completed (ADC1:ADMV = 0).
• During A/D conversion, when the 8/12-bit A/D converter is stopped due to one of the
following actions: writing "0" to the ENBL bit, setting the stop mode, and setting the
watch mode, the interrupt request flag bit in the ADC1 register may indicate that A/D
conversion has been completed (ADC1:ADI = 1), but the values stored in the 8/12-bit
A/D converter data register (upper) (ADDH) and the 8/12-bit A/D converter data
register (lower) (ADDL) are undefined. Therefore, in the interrupt sequence, do not
refer to the values of the ADDH and ADDL registers.
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CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER
15.7 Registers
Ha rdware
15.7.4
Manual
8/12-bit A/D Converter Data Register
(Upper/Lower) (ADDH/ADDL)
The 8/12-bit A/D converter data register (upper/lower) (ADDH/ADDL) store the
results of 12-bit A/D conversion during 12-bit A/D conversion.
The upper four bits of 12-bit data are stored in the ADDH register and the lower
eight bits the ADDL register.
■ Register Configuration
ADDH
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
—
SAR11
SAR10
SAR9
SAR8
Attribute
—
—
—
—
R
R
R
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ADDL
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SAR7
SAR6
SAR5
SAR4
SAR3
SAR2
SAR1
SAR0
Attribute
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
The upper four bits of 12-bit A/D data correspond to bit3 to bit0 in the ADDH register and the
lower eight bits bit7 to bit0 in the ADDL register.
If the AD8 bit in the ADC2 register is set to "1", 8-bit precision is selected. Reading the ADDL
register can obtain 8-bit data.
These two registers are read-only registers. Writing data to them has no effect on operation.
In A/D conversion in which 8-bit precision is selected, the SAR[11:8] bits in the ADDH
register become "0".
● A/D conversion function
When A/D conversion is started, the results of conversion are finalized and stored in the
ADDH and ADDL registers after the conversion time according to the register settings elapses.
After A/D conversion is completed and before the next A/D conversion is completed, read the
A/D data registers (conversion results), and clear the interrupt request flag bit (ADI) in the
ADC1 register. During A/D conversion, the values of the ADDH and ADDL registers are
results of the last A/D conversion.
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CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER
15.8 Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D Converter
H ard war e
15.8
Ma nu al
Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D Converter
This section provides notes on using the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
■ Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D Converter
● Note on setting the 8/12-bit A/D converter with a program
• The values of the ADDH and ADDL registers are saved at the end of A/D conversion.
Therefore, during A/D conversion, the values resulting from last conversion will be returned
if the two registers are read.
• Do not change the analog input pin select bits (ADC1:ANS[3:0]) while AD conversion
function is being used. During continuous activation in particular, disable continuous
activation (ADC2: EXT = 0) before changing the analog input pin.
• A reset, or the start of the stop mode or watch mode causes the 8/12-bit A/D converter to
stop and the ADMV bit to be cleared to "0".
• The CPU cannot return from interrupt processing if the interrupt request flag bit
(ADC1:ADI) is "1" with interrupt requests having been enabled (ADC2:ADIE = 1). Always
clear the ADI bit in the interrupt service routine.
● Note on interrupt requests
If the restart of A/D conversion (ADC1:AD = 1) and the completion of A/D conversion occur
simultaneously, the interrupt request flag bit (ADC1:ADI) is set.
● A/D conversion error
As | VCC - VSS| decreases, the A/D conversion error increases proportionately.
● 8/12-bit A/D converter analog input sequences
Turn on the analog input (ANn) and the digital power supply (VCC) simultaneously, or turn on
the analog input (ANn) after turning on the digital power supply (VCC).
Turn off the digital power supply (VCC) and the analog input (ANn) simultaneously, or turn off
the digital power supply (VCC) after turning off the analog input (ANn).
Ensure that the analog input voltage does not exceed the voltage of the digital power supply
(VCC) when turning on or off the power supply of the 8/12-bit A/D converter.
● Conversion time
The conversion speed of A/D conversion function is affected by clock mode, main clock
oscillation frequency and main clock speed switching (gear function).
Example:
Sampling time = CKIN  (settings of ADC2:TIM[1:0])
Compare time = CKIN  13 (fixed value) + MCLK
8/12-bit A/D converter startup time:
minimum = MCLK  2 + CKIN  2
maximum = MCLK + CKIN  3
Conversion time = 8/12-bit A/D converter startup time + sampling time + compare time
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CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER
15.8 Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D Converter
Ha rdware
Manual
• The conversion time may have an error of up to (1 CKIN – 1 MCLK), depending on the
time at which A/D conversion starts.
• When setting the 8/12-bit A/D converter in software, ensure that the settings satisfy all
timing specifications of the 8/12-bit A/D converter mentioned in the device data sheet.
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CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D CONVERTER
15.8 Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D Converter
H ard war e
230
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 16
LOW-VOLTAGE
DETECTION CIRCUIT
This chapter describes the function and
operation of the low-voltage detection circuit.
16.1 Overview
16.2 Configuration
16.3 Pins
16.4 Interrupt
16.5 Operations
16.6 Register
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.1 Overview
H ard war e
16.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The low-voltage detection circuit monitors the power supply voltage, and
generates a reset signal when the power supply voltage falls below the
detection voltage. In addition, when the power supply voltage fluctuates above
or below a selected threshold voltage, the low-voltage detection circuit can
generate an interrupt.
■ Low-voltage Detection Circuit
The low-voltage detection circuit monitors the power supply voltage, and generates a reset
signal when the power supply voltage falls below the detection voltage. In addition, when the
power supply voltage fluctuates above or below the selected threshold level, the low-voltage
detection circuit can generate an interrupt. The interrupt threshold voltage can be selected from
six options through the LVD control register (LVDC).
At power-on, the lowest interrupt threshold voltage is selected in the LVDC register.
The circuit is only available on certain products. Check the availability of the circuit in the
device data sheet.
Refer also to the device data sheet for details of the electrical characteristics.
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
16.2
Manual
Configuration
Figure 16.2-1 is the block diagram of the low-voltage detection circuit.
■ Block Diagram of Low-voltage Detection Circuit
Figure 16.2-1 Block Diagram of Low-voltage Detection Circuit
VCC
−
Reset signal
N-ch
+
Vref
LVD control register (LVDC)
LVIIF
LVIEN
LVDLP
LVDSEL3
LVDSEL2
LVDSEL1
LVDSEL0
LVIF
VCC
IRQ
1100
Operating
mode control
1010
1001
−
0111
+
0101
N-ch
Vref
0010
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.3 Pins
H ard war e
16.3
Ma nu al
Pins
This section describes the pins of the low-voltage detection circuit.
■ Pins of Low-voltage Detection Circuit
● VCC pin
The low-voltage detection circuit monitors the voltage of this pin.
● VSS pin
This is the GND pin serving as the reference for voltage detection.
● RST pin
The low-voltage detection reset signal is output inside the microcontroller and to this pin.
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.4 Interrupt
Ha rdware
16.4
Manual
Interrupt
The low-voltage detection circuit outputs an interrupt request when the power
supply voltage fluctuates above or below the threshold selected in the lowvoltage interrupt threshold voltage select bits in the LVD control register
(LVDC:LVDSEL[3:0]).
■ Interrupt of Low-voltage Detection Circuit
Table 16.4-1 shows details of the registers and bits related to the interrupt of the low-voltage
detection circuit.
Table 16.4-1 Details of Registers and Bits Related to Interrupt of Low-voltage Detection Circuit
Item
Details
Interrupt request flag bit
LVDC:LVIIF
Interrupt request enable bit
LVDC:LVIEN
Interrupt source
The power supply voltage fluctuates above or below the threshold voltage selected in the
low-voltage interrupt threshold voltage select bits in the LVD control register
(LVDC:LVDSEL[3:0]).
The CPU cannot return from the interrupt processing when the low-voltage interrupt request
flag bit (LVDC:LVIIF) is set to "1" and the low-voltage interrupt request is enabled
(LVDC:LVIEN = 1). Always clear the LVIIF bit in the interrupt service routine.
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.5 Operations
H ard war e
16.5
Ma nu al
Operations
The low-voltage detection circuit generates a reset signal when the power
supply voltage falls below the detection voltage, and an interrupt signal when
the power supply voltage fluctuates above or below the selected threshold
voltage.
■ Changing Interrupt Threshold Voltage
When the interrupt threshold voltage in the LVDC register is changed, the new threshold
voltage does not start to take effect until the interrupt threshold voltage transition stabilization
time (tstb) elapses. For details of tstb, refer to the device data sheet. In addition, to prevent
misdetections, follow the procedure below when changing the interrupt threshold voltage.
1. Disable the interrupt by writing "0" to the low-voltage interrupt request enable bit
(LVDC:LVIEN).
2. Change the value of the low-voltage interrupt threshold voltage select bits
(LVDC:LVDSEL[3:0]).
3. Wait for the interrupt threshold voltage transition stabilization time (tstb), the interrupt
detection delay time (tdi2 or tdiL2) and the interrupt release delay time (tdi1 or tdiL1) to
elapse. Mask any misdetected low-voltage.
4. Clear the low-voltage interrupt request flag bit (LVDC:LVIIF) by writing "0" to it.
5. Enable the interrupt by writing "1" to the LVIEN bit.
For details of tdi1, tdiL1, tdi2 and tdiL2, refer to the device data sheet.
■ Switching Operating Modes of Low-voltage Detection Circuit for Interrupt
The operating mode of the low-voltage detection circuit for interrupt can be switched between
normal mode and low power consumption mode by using the LVD for interrupt low power
consumption switch bit in the LVDC register (LVDC:LVDLP).
Compared with normal mode, in low power consumption mode, while the interrupt detection
voltage and the interrupt release voltage are less accurate, and the interrupt detection delay
time and the interrupt release delay time become longer, there is less power consumption.
When the operating mode is changed, the new operating mode does not take effect until the
interrupt low-voltage detection mode switch time (tmdsw) elapses.
For details of tmdsw, refer to the device data sheet.
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.5 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Operation of Low-voltage Detection Reset Circuit
The low-voltage detection reset circuit generates a reset signal if the power supply voltage falls
below the low-voltage detection voltage. Afterward, when the low-voltage detection reset
circuit detects the low-voltage detection reset release voltage, it outputs a reset signal lasting
for the oscillation stabilization wait time and then releases the reset.
For details of the electrical characteristics, refer to the device data sheet.
Figure 16.5-1 Operation of Low-voltage Detection Reset Circuit
Low-voltage reset
detection/release voltage
Lower limit of
operating voltage
Vcc
B
B
B
Reset signal
A
A
A
A
A
A: Reset detection/release delay time
B: Oscillation stabilization wait time
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.5 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Operation of Low-voltage Detection Interrupt Circuit
When the power supply voltage fluctuates above or below the threshold selected in the
low-voltage interrupt threshold voltage select bits in the LVD control register
(LVDC:LVDSEL[3:0]), the low-voltage interrupt request flag bit in the LVD control register
(LVDC:LVIIF) is set to "1".
Figure 16.5-2 Operation of Low-voltage Detection Interrupt Circuit
Interrupt threshold
setting voltage
Vcc
Writing “0”
Writing “0”
LVIIF bit
(interrupt flag)
A
A
A
A: Interrupt detection delay time
■ Operation in Standby Mode
The low-voltage detection circuit keeps operating even in standby mode (stop mode, sleep
mode, subclock mode and watch mode).
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.6 Register
Ha rdware
16.6
Manual
Register
This section describes the register of the low-voltage detection circuit.
Table 16.6-1 List of Low-voltage Detection Circuit Register
Register
abbreviation
LVDC
Register name
LVD control register
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Reference
16.6.1
239
CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.6 Register
H ard war e
16.6.1
Ma nu al
LVD Control Register (LVDC)
The LVD control register (LVDC) selects the interrupt threshold voltage,
indicates the voltage condition, controls the interrupt and checks the lowvoltage interrupt flag status.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
LVIIF
LVIEN
LVDLP
LVDSEL3
LVDSEL2
LVDSEL1
LVDSEL0
LVIF
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] LVIIF: Low-voltage interrupt request flag bit
This flag bit is set to "1" when the power supply voltage fluctuates above or below the threshold voltage
selected in the low-voltage interrupt threshold voltage select bits (LVDSEL[3:0]).
When this bit and the low-voltage interrupt request enable bit (LVIEN) are both set to "1", a low-voltage
interrupt request is output.
After power-on, this bit remains "0" as long as the power supply voltage keeps staying below the lowest
interrupt detection voltage. In this case, check the power supply voltage by polling the LVIF bit.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit7
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the power supply voltage has not fluctuated above or below the threshold voltage
selected in the LVDSEL[3:0] bits.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the power supply voltage has fluctuated above or below the threshold voltage
selected in the LVDSEL[3:0] bits.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit6] LVIEN: Low-voltage interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables outputting the low-voltage interrupt request to the interrupt controller.
When this bit and the low-voltage interrupt request flag bit (LVIIF) are both set to "1", a low-voltage
interrupt request is output.
bit6
240
Details
Writing "0"
Disables outputting the low-voltage interrupt request.
Writing "1"
Enables outputting the low-voltage interrupt request.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.6 Register
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit5] LVDLP: LVD for interrupt low power consumption switch bit
This bit selects the operating mode (normal mode or low power consumption mode) for the low-voltage
detection circuit for interrupt.
Below are the differences between two operating modes.
• Power consumption
The normal mode has higher power consumption than the low power consumption mode.
• Accuracy of detection voltage and release voltage
The normal mode has higher accuracy than the low power consumption mode.
For details of power consumption and of the accuracy of detection voltage and release voltage, refer to the
device data sheet.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the normal mode.
Writing "1"
Selects the low power consumption mode.
[bit4:1] LVDSEL[3:0]: Low-voltage interrupt threshold voltage select bits
These bits select the interrupt threshold voltage.
bit4:1
Details
At power supply voltage fall
At power supply voltage rise
Writing "0010"
2.2 V
2.3 V
Writing "0101"
2.5 V
2.6 V
Writing "0111"
2.8 V
2.9 V
Writing "1001"
3.2 V
3.3 V
Writing "1010"
3.6 V
3.7 V
Writing "1100"
4V
4.1 V
Note: Writing a value other than those listed in the table above to the LVDSEL[3:0] bits is prohibited.
[bit0] LVIF: Low-voltage status bit
This bit indicates the relation between the power supply voltage and the threshold voltage.
bit0
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the power supply voltage is higher than the threshold voltage selected in the
LVDSEL[3:0] bits.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the power supply voltage is lower than the threshold voltage selected in the
LVDSEL[3:0] bits.
Note:
The LVDC register can be reset only by the power-on reset. The low-voltage detection
reset has no effect on this register.
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CHAPTER 16 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTION CIRCUIT
16.6 Register
H ard war e
242
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 17
CLOCK SUPERVISOR
COUNTER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the clock supervisor counter.
17.1 Overview
17.2 Configuration
17.3 Operations
17.4 Registers
17.5 Notes on Using Clock Supervisor Counter
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243
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.1 Overview
H ard war e
17.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The clock supervisor counter checks the external clock frequency to detect the
abnormal state of the external clock.
■ Overview of Clock Supervisor Counter
The clock supervisor counter checks the external clock frequency to detect the abnormal state
of the external clock.
The clock supervisor counter automatically counts up the counter based on the external clock
input within the time-base timer interval time selected from eight options.
The main oscillation clock or the suboscillation clock can be selected as the count clock of this
module.
Note:
Operate the clock supervisor counter in main CR clock mode together with the hardware
watchdog timer (running in standby mode).
Otherwise, it cannot detect the abnormal state of the external clock correctly and will
hang up if the external clock stops.
See "CHAPTER 8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER" for the hardware
watchdog timer (running in standby mode).
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CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
17.2
Manual
Configuration
The clock supervisor counter consists of the following blocks:
• Control circuit
• Clock Monitoring Control Register (CMCR)
• Clock Monitoring Data Register (CMDR)
• Time-base timer output selector
• Counter source clock selector
■ Block Diagram of Clock Supervisor Counter
Figure 17.2-1 is the block diagram of the clock supervisor counter.
Figure 17.2-1 Block Diagram of Clock Supervisor Counter
Edge detection
Time-base timer output
Time-base
Timer
Output
Selector
8-bit Counter
3
Main oscillation clock
Sub-oscillation clock
Counter
Source
Clock
Selector
1st: counting starts
2nd: counting stops
CLK
Control Circuit
Clock Monitoring Control Register (CMCR)
Counter enabled
Clock Monitoring Data Register (CMDR)
Internal Bus
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CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Control circuit
This block controls the start and stop of the counter, the counter clock source, and the counter
enable period based on the settings of the clock monitoring control register (CMCR).
● Clock Monitoring Control Register (CMCR)
This register is used to select a counter source clock, select a counter enable period from eight
different time-base timer intervals, start the counter and check whether the counter is operating
or not.
● Clock Monitoring Data Register (CMDR)
This register block is used to read the counter value after the counter stops. The software
determines whether the external clock frequency is correct or not according to the contents of
this register.
● Time-base timer interval selector
This block is used to select the counter enable period from eight different time-base timer
intervals.
● Counter source clock selector
This block is used to select the counter source clock from the main oscillation clock and the
suboscillation clock.
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CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.3 Operations
Ha rdware
17.3
Manual
Operations
This section describes the operations of the clock supervisor counter.
■ Clock Supervisor Counter
● Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 1
The clock supervisor counter is first enabled by the software (CMCEN = 1), and then the clock
supervisor counter operates with the time-base timer interval selected from eight options by the
TBTSEL[2:0] bits. Between two rising edges of the time-base timer interval selected, the
internal counter is clocked by the external clock.
The count clock of this module can be selected from the main oscillation clock and the
suboscillation clock.
Figure 17.3-1 Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 1
Selected time-base
timer interval
Main/Sub-oscillation clock
CMCEN
Internal counter
0
CMDR register
30
30
0
● Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 2
The CMDR register is cleared when the CMCEN bit changes from "0" to "1".
Figure 17.3-2 Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 2
Selected time-base
timer interval
Main/Sub-oscillation clock
CMCEN
Internal counter
Clear
0
CMDR register
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
247
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.3 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 3
The counter stops counting if it reaches "255". It cannot count further than "255".
Figure 17.3-3 Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 3
Selected time-base
timer interval
Main/Sub-oscillation clock
CMCEN
Internal counter
0
CMDR register
255
255
0
● Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 4
If the external clock selected stops, the counter stops counting. According to this counter stop,
the software identifies that the external clock selected is in the abnormal state.
Figure 17.3-4 Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 4
Selected time-base
timer interval
Main/Sub-oscillation clock
CMCEN
Internal counter
0
CMDR register
0
● Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 5
The counter is cleared to "0" by the software if the CMCEN is set to "0" while the counter is
operating.
Figure 17.3-5 Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 5
Selected time-base
timer interval
Main/Sub-oscillation clock
Software setting
CMCEN
Internal counter
CMDR register
248
0
0
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.3 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Table of Time-base Timer Intervals & Clock Supervisor Counter Values
Table 17.3-1 shows time-base timer intervals suitable for using different main CR clock
frequencies to measure different external clocks.
Table 17.3-1 Table of Counter Values in Relation to TBTSEL Settings
TBTSEL2 to TBTSEL0
Main Main/SubMain MeasurCR
crystal
"000"
"001"
"010"
"011"
"100"
"101"
"110"
"111"
CR
ement
(FCRH) oscillation
error
error
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
[MHz]
[MHz]
(2 1/FCRH) (2 1/FCRH) (2 1/FCRH) (2 1/FCRH) (2 1/FCRH) (2 1/FCRH) (2 1/FCRH) (2 1/FCRH)
0.03277
0.5
1
4
4
6
10
20
32.5
+2%
-2%
+2%
-2%
+2%
-2%
+2%
-2%
+2%
-2%
+2%
-2%
+2%
-2%
+2%
-2%
-1
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
-1
+1
0
1
0
1
0
2
2
5
4
7
8
11
18
21
30
34
0
1
0
3
2
5
14
17
22
25
38
41
77
82
126
133
0
1
6
9
14
17
61
66
93
98
155
164
312
327
508
531
1
3
30
33
61
66
249
262
375
392
626
654
1253
1307
2038
2123
7
9
124
131
249
262
1002
1045
1504
1568
2508
2613
5018
5225
8155
8490
31
35
500
523
1002
1045
4014
4180
6022
6270
10038
10449
20077
20898
32626
33960
130
137
2006
2090
4014
4180
16061
16719
24093
25078
40155
41796
80312
83592
130508
135837
525
548
8030
8360
16061
16719
64249
66874
96375
100311
160626
167184
321253
334368
522038
543347
: Recommended setting
: The counter value becomes "0" or "255".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
249
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.3 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Table 17.3-1 is calculated by the following equation:
3
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=000)
5
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=001)
7
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=010)
9
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=011)
11
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=100)
13
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=101)
15
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=110)
17
2 × 1/FCRH(TBTSEL=111)
× Main/Sub-Oscillation Clock Frequency
± 1 (Measurement error)
Counter value =
2
*Omit the decimal places of “Counter value”.
Selected time-base
timer interval
Within this period, the “Counter value” in the above equation is
counted by the main/sub oscillation clock.
If the time-base timer interrupt is used to make the clock supervisor counter wait for the
oscillation stabilization time, please satisfy the following condition:
Time-base Timer Interval > Main Oscillation / Suboscillation Stabilization Time  1.05
e.g. FCH = 4 MHz, FCRH = 1 MHz, MWT[3:0] = 0b1111 (in WATR register)
14
Time-base Timer Interval >
----------------------2 – 2
 1.05  4.3 ms
6
4  10
TBC[3:0] = 0b0110 (213  1/FCRH)
Notes:
• See "7.1 Overview" for time-base timer interval settings.
• See "3.3.3 Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time Setting Register (WATR)" for main/
sub-oscillation stabilization time settings.
250
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CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.3 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Sample Operation Flow Chart of Clock Supervisor
Figure 17.3-6 Sample Operation Flow Chart of Clock Supervisor
Clock supervision starts
NO
Oscillation stabilization
wait time elapses
In main CR clock mode, wait for the elapse of the
specified main clock/subclock oscillation stabilization
wait time by using the time-base timer interrupt or
other methods.
YES
Read the main clock /
subclock oscillation
stabilization bit*
"0"
"1"
Set CMCSEL,
TBTSEL[2:0]
and CMCEN
Read CMCEN
"1"
"0"
CMDR value =
estimate ?
NO
YES
Change target external clock
(Normal oscillation)
Keep main CR clock mode
(The external clock is
oscillating at an abnormal
frequency.)
*: Main clock oscillation stabilization bit — SYCC2:MRDY
Subclock oscillation stabilization bit — SYCC2:SRDY
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
Keep main CR clock mode
(If the oscillation stabilization wait
time has elapsed but the main
clock/subclock oscillation stabilization bit* is not set to “1”, that
means the external clock is dead
or the external clock frequency is
abnormal.)
251
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.4 Registers
H ard war e
17.4
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the clock supervisor counter.
Table 17.4-1 List of Clock Supervisor Counter Registers
Register
abbreviation
252
Register name
Reference
CMDR
Clock monitoring data register
17.4.1
CMCR
Clock monitoring control register
17.4.2
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.4 Registers
Ha rdware
17.4.1
Manual
Clock Monitoring Data Register (CMDR)
The clock monitoring data register (CMDR) is used to read the count value after
the clock supervisor counter stops. The software can check whether the
external clock frequency is correct or not according to the content of this
register.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
CMDR7
CMDR6
CMDR5
CMDR4
CMDR3
CMDR2
CMDR1
CMDR0
Attribute
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
The clock monitoring data register (CMDR) is used to read the counter value after the clock supervisor
counter stops.
• The counter value can be read from the clock monitoring data register (CMDR). The software can check
whether the external clock frequency is correct or not according to the counter value read and the time-base
timer interval selected.
[bit7:0] CMDR[7:0]: Clock monitoring data bits
These bits indicate the clock supervisor counter value after the counter stops.
These bits are cleared if one of the following events occurs:
• Reset
• The CMCEN bit in the CMCR register (CMCR:CMCEN) is modified from "0" to "1" by the software.
• The CMCEN bit is modified from "1" to "0" by the software while the counter is running.
• After the external clock stops, the falling edge of the selected time-base timer clock is detected twice. (See
Figure 17.5-2.)
Note:
The value of this register is "0b00000000" as long as the counter is operating
(CMCR:CMCEN = 1).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
253
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.4 Registers
H ard war e
17.4.2
Ma nu al
Clock Monitoring Control Register (CMCR)
The clock monitoring control register (CMCR) is used to select the counter
source clock, select a time-base timer interval as the counter enable period,
start the counter and check whether the counter is running or not.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
Reserved
CMCSEL
TBTSEL2
TBTSEL1
TBTSEL0
CMCEN
Attribute
—
—
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] Reserved bit
Always set this bit to "0".
[bit4] CMCSEL: Counter clock select bit
This bit selects the counter source clock.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the external main oscillation clock as the counter source clock.
Writing "1"
Selects the external suboscillation clock as the counter source clock.
[bit3:1] TBTSEL[2:0]: Time-base timer counter output select bits
These bits select the time-base timer interval.
The operation of the clock supervisor counter is enabled and disabled at specific times according to the timebase timer counter output selected by these bits.
The first rising edge of the interval selected enables the counter operation and the second rising edge of the
same output disables the counter operation.
Details
(FCRH: main CR clock)
bit3:1
254
Writing "000"
23  1/FCRH
Writing "001"
25  1/FCRH
Writing "010"
27  1/FCRH
Writing "011"
29  1/FCRH
Writing "100"
211  1/FCRH
Writing "101"
213  1/FCRH
Writing "110"
215  1/FCRH
Writing "111"
217  1/FCRH
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.4 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit0] CMCEN: Counter enable bit
This bit enables or disables the clock supervisor counter.
Writing "0" to this bit stops the counter and clears the CMDR register to "0b00000000".
Writing "1" to this bit enables the counter. The counter starts counting when detecting the rising edge of the
time-base timer interval. It stops counting when detecting the second rising edge of the same interval.
This bit is automatically set to "0" when the counter stops.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the counter operation.
Writing "1"
Enables the counter operation.
Notes:
• Do not modify the CMCSEL bit when the CMCEN bit is "1".
• Do not modify the TBTSEL[2:0] bits when the CMCEN bit is "1".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
255
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.5 Notes on Using Clock Supervisor Counter
H ard war e
17.5
Ma nu al
Notes on Using Clock Supervisor Counter
This section provides notes on using the clock supervisor counter.
■ Notes on Using Clock Supervisor Counter
● Restrictions
• Operate the clock supervisor counter in main CR clock mode together with the hardware
watchdog timer (running in standby mode). Otherwise, it cannot detect the abnormal state
of the external clock correctly and will hang up if the external clock stops. See "CHAPTER
8 HARDWARE/SOFTWARE WATCHDOG TIMER" for the hardware watchdog timer
(running in standby mode).
• Use main CR clock mode only. Do not use any other clock mode.
• If the time-base timer stops, the internal counter stops working. Do not clear the time-base
timer while the clock supervisor counter is counting with the external clock.
• Select a time-base timer interval that is sufficiently long for the clock supervisor counter to
operate. See Table 17.3-1 for time-base timer intervals.
• Read the CMDR register when CMCEN = 0. (The value of CMDR remains "0b00000000"
while the clock supervisor counter is operating (CMCEN = 1).)
• When using the clock supervisor counter, ensure that the machine clock cycle is shorter
than half the time-base timer interval selected. If the machine clock cycle is longer than half
the time-base timer interval selected, CMCEN may remain "1" even after the clock
supervisor counter stops.
Table 17.5-1 shows the appropriate clock gear setting for each TBTSEL setting.
Table 17.5-1 Appropriate Clock Gear Setting for Respective TBTSEL Settings
TBTSEL[2:0]
DIV[1:0]
(clock gear setting)
000
001
010 to 111
23  1/FCRH
25  1/FCRH
27  1/FCRH to 217  1/FCRH
00 (1  1/FCRH)
❍
❍
❍
01 (4  1/FCRH)
x
❍
❍
10 (8  1/FCRH)
x
❍
❍
11 (16  1/FCRH)
x
x
❍
❍ : Recommended
x : Prohibited
256
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CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.5 Notes on Using Clock Supervisor Counter
Ha rdware
Manual
● If the external clock stops while the clock supervisor counter is operating, and it restarts
after the second rising edge of the time-base timer interval selected, CMCEN is set to "0"
after the external clock restarts.
Figure 17.5-1 Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 1
Selected time-base
timer interval
Main/Sub-oscillation clock
CMCEN
Internal counter
0
CMDR register
5
6
0
6
● With the clock supervisor counter running, if the external clock stops, CMCEN is set to "0"
when a falling edge of the time-base timer interval selected is detected after the second
rising edge of the same interval. The counter is cleared at the same falling edge.
Figure 17.5-2 Clock Supervisor Counter Operation 2
Selected time-base
timer interval
Main/Sub-oscillation clock
CMCEN
Internal counter
CMDR register
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
0
5
0
0
257
CHAPTER 17 CLOCK SUPERVISOR COUNTER
17.5 Notes on Using Clock Supervisor Counter
H ard war e
258
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 18
8/16-BIT PPG
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the 8/16-bit PPG.
18.1 Overview
18.2 Configuration
18.3 Channel
18.4 Pins
18.5 Interrupt
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
18.7 Registers
18.8 Notes on Using 8/16-bit PPG
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
259
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.1 Overview
H ard war e
18.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The 8/16-bit PPG is an 8-bit reload timer module that uses pulse output control
based on timer operation to perform PPG output. The 8/16-bit PPG also
operates in cascade (8 bits + 8 bits) as 16-bit PPG.
■ Overview of 8/16-bit PPG
The number of pins and that of channels of the 8/16-bit PPG vary among products. For details,
refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
For details of pin names, register names and register abbreviations of a product, refer to the
device data sheet.
The 8/16-bit PPG functions are summarized as follows.
● 8-bit PPG output independent operation mode
In this mode, the unit can operate as two 8-bit PPG (PPG timer n0 and PPG timer n1).
● 8-bit prescaler + 8-bit PPG output operation mode
The rising and falling edge detection pulses from the PPG timer n1 output can be input to the
downcounter of the PPG timer n0 to enable variable-cycle 8-bit PPG output.
● 16-bit PPG output operation mode
The unit can also operate in cascade (PPG timer n1 (upper 8 bits) + PPG timer n0 (lower 8
bits)) as 16-bit PPG output.
● PPG output operation
In this operation, a variable-cycle pulse waveform is output in any duty ratio.
The unit can also be used as a D/A converter in conjunction with an external circuit.
● Output inversion mode
This mode can invert the PPG output value.
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
18.2
Manual
Configuration
This section shows the block diagram of the 8/16-bit PPG.
■ Block Diagram of 8/16-bit PPG
Figure 18.2-1 shows the block diagram of the 8/16-bit PPG.
Figure 18.2-1 Block Diagram of 8/16-bit PPG
CKS02
CKS01
Duty setup register
CKS00
Cycle setup register
Prescaler
1 MCLK
MCLK/2
MCLK/4
MCLK/8
MCLK/16
MCLK/32
FCH/27 or FCRH/26 or FPLL/26
FCH/28 or FCRH/27 or FPLL/27
Duty setup buffer register
PPG timer n0
Comparator
circuit
01
LOAD
CL K
00
10
11
PEN00
REV00
8-bit downcounter
(PPG timer n0)
STOP
0
S Q
R
1
Pin
PPGn0
Edge
detection
BORROW
START
0
1
0
1
PIE0
MD1
PUF0
POEN0
POEN0
MD0
IRQXX
Used as the select signal of each selector
Duty setup register
Cycle setup register
CKS12
CKS11
CKS10
Cycle setup
buffer register
Prescaler
1 MCLK
MCLK/2
MCLK/4
MCLK/8
MCLK/16
MCLK/32
FCH/27 or FCRH/26 or FPLL/26
FCH/28 or FCRH/27 or FPLL/27
1
1
0
1
0
PEN01
Edge
detection
Duty register buffer
cycle setup
1
PPG timer n1
0
LOAD
CL K
Comparator
circuit
Edge
detection
8-bit downcounter
(PPG timer n1)
STOP
START
1
S Q
R
REV01
0
Pin
PPGn1
BORROW
0
PIE1
PUF1
POEN1
POEN1
IRQXX
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
261
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Counter clock selector
The clock for the countdown of 8-bit downcounter is selected from eight types of internal
count clocks.
● 8-bit downcounter
It counts down with the count clock selected with the count clock selector.
● Comparator circuit
The output is kept "H" level until the value of 8-bit downcounter is corresponding to the value
of 8/16-bit PPG duty setup buffer register from the value of 8/16-bit set buffer register of PPG
cycle.
Afterwards, after keep "L" level the output until the counter value is corresponding to "1", it
keeps counting 8-bit downcounter from the value of 8/16-bit PPG cycle setup buffer register.
● 8/16-bit PPG timer n1 control register (PCn1)
The operation condition on the PPG timer n1 side of 8/16-bit PPG timer is set.
● 8/16-bit PPG timer n0 control register (PCn0)
The operation mode of 8/16-bit PPG timer and the operation condition on the PPG timer n0
side are set.
● 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 cycle setup buffer register (PPSn1/PPSn0)
The compare value for the cycle of 8/16-bit PPG timer is set.
● 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 duty setup buffer register (PDSn1/PDSn0)
The compare value for "H" width of 8/16-bit PPG timer is set.
● 8/16-bit PPG start register
The start or the stop of 8/16-bit PPG timer is set.
● 8/16-bit PPG output inversion register
An initial level also includes the output of 8/16-bit PPG timer and it is reversed.
■ Input Clock
The 8/16-bit PPG uses the output clock from the prescaler as its input clock (count clock).
262
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.3 Channel
Ha rdware
18.3
Manual
Channel
This section describes the channel of the 8/16-bit PPG.
■ Channel of 8/16-bit PPG
The 8/16-bit PPG consists of 8-bit PPG timer n0 and 8-bit PPG timer n1. They can be used
respectively as two 8-bit PPGs or as a single 16-bit PPG.
Table 18.3-1 shows the pins and Table 18.3-2 the registers.
Table 18.3-1 Pins of 8/16-bit PPG
Pin name
Pin function
PPGn0
PPG timer n0 output (8-bit PPG (n0), 16-bit PPG)
PPGn1
PPG timer n1 output (8-bit PPG (n1), 8-bit prescaler)
Table 18.3-2 Registers of 8/16-bit PPG
Register
abbreviation
Corresponding register (Name in this manual)
PCn1
8/16-bit PPG timer n1 control register
PCn0
8/16-bit PPG timer n0 control register
PPSn1
8/16-bit PPG timer n1 cycle setup buffer register
PPSn0
8/16-bit PPG timer n0 cycle setup buffer register
PDSn1
8/16-bit PPG timer n1 duty setup buffer register
PDSn0
8/16-bit PPG timer n0 duty setup buffer register
PPGS
8/16-bit PPG start register
REVC
8/16-bit PPG output inversion register
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
263
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.4 Pins
H ard war e
18.4
Ma nu al
Pins
This section describes the pins of the 8/16-bit PPG.
■ Pins of 8/16-bit PPG
● PPGn0 pin and PPGn1 pin
These pins function both as general-purpose I/O ports and 8/16-bit PPG outputs.
PPGn0, PPGn1: A PPG waveform is output to these pins. The PPG waveform can be output
by enabling the output by the 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 control registers
(PCn0: POEN0 = 1, PCn1: POEN1 = 1).
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.5 Interrupt
Ha rdware
18.5
Manual
Interrupt
The 8/16-bit PPG outputs an interrupt request when a counter borrow is
detected.
■ Interrupt of 8/16-bit PPG
Table 18.5-1 shows the interrupt control bits and interrupt sources of the 8/16-bit PPG.
Table 18.5-1 Interrupt Control Bits and Interrupt Sources of 8/16-bit PPG
Description
Item
PPG timer n1
(8-bit PPG, 8-bit prescaler)
PPG timer n0
(8-bit PPG, 16-bit PPG)
Interrupt request flag bit
PUF1 bit in PCn1
PUF0 bit in PCn0
Interrupt request enable bit
PIE1 bit in PCn1
PIE0 bit in PCn0
Interrupt source
Counter borrow of PPG cycle downcounter
When a counter borrow occurs on the downcounter, the 8/16-bit PPG sets the counter borrow
detection flag bit (PUF) in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n0/n1 control register (PC) to "1". When the
interrupt request enable bit is enabled (PIE = 1), an interrupt request is output to the interrupt
controller.
In 16-bit PPG mode, the 8/16-bit PPG timer n0 control register (PCn0) is available.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
265
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
18.6
Ma nu al
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
This section describes the operations of the 8/16-bit PPG.
The 8/16-bit PPG has the following three operating modes:
• 8-bit PPG independent mode
• 8-bit prescaler + 8-bit PPG mode
• 16-bit PPG mode
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
18.6.1
Manual
8-bit PPG Independent Mode
In this mode, the 8/16-bit PPG operates as two channels (PPG timer n0 and
PPG timer n1) of the 8-bit PPG.
■ Setting 8-bit PPG Independent Mode
The 8/16-bit PPG requires the register settings shown in Figure 18.6-1 to operate in 8-bit PPG
independent mode.
Figure 18.6-1 8-bit PPG Independent Mode
bit7
-
bit6
-
bit5
PIE1
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
PUF1 POEN1 CKS12 CKS11 CKS10
PCn0
MD1
0
MD0
0
PIE0
PUF0 POEN0 CKS02 CKS01 CKS00
PPSn1
PH7
PH6
PH5
PH4
PH3
PH2
PH1
Set PPG output cycle for PPG timer n1
PH0
PPSn0
PL7
PL6
PL5
PL4
PL3
PL2
PL1
Set PPG output cycle for PPG timer n0
PL0
PDSn1
DH7
DH6
DH5
DH4
DH3
DH2
DH1
Set PPG output duty for PPG timer n1
DH0
PDSn0
DL7
DL6
DL5
DL4
DL3
DL2
DL1
Set PPG output duty for PPG timer n0
DL0
PPGS
*
*
PEN21 PEN20 PEN11 PEN10 PEN01 PEN00
*
*
*
*
REVC
*
*
REV21 REV20 REV11 REV10 REV01 REV00
*
*
*
*
PCn1
: Used bit
0 : Set to "0"
* : The bit status depends on the number of channels provided.
■ Operation of 8-bit PPG Independent Mode
• This mode is selected when the operation mode select bits (MD[1:0]) in the 8/16-bit PPG
timer n0 control register (PCn0) are set to "0b00".
• When the corresponding bit (PEN) in the 8/16-bit PPG start register (PPGS) is set to "1",
the value in the 8/16-bit PPG cycle setup buffer register (PPS) is loaded to start down-count
operation. When the count value reaches "1", the value in the cycle setup register is
reloaded to repeat the counting.
• "H" is output to the PPG output synchronizing with the count clock. When the downcounter
value matches the value in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 duty setup buffer register (PDS).
After "H" which is the value of duty setting is output, "L" is output to the PPG output.
If, however, the PPG output level reverse bit is set to "1", the PPG output is set and reset
inversely from the above process.
Figure 18.6-2 shows the operation of the 8-bit PPG independent mode.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
267
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 18.6-2 Operation of 8-bit PPG Independent Mode
Count clock
(Cycle T)
PEN
(Counter start)
Stop
Cycle setting
(PPS)
m=5
Duty setting
(PDS)
n=4
PPG timer n0 counter value
5
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
Downcounter value matches
matches duty setting value
Counter borrow
PPG output source
Synchronizing with machine clock
Stop
PPGn0 Pin
(Normal polarity)
(Inversion polarity)
(1)
α
(2)
(1) = n × T
(2) = m × T
T:
m:
n:
α:
Count clock cycle
PPS register value
PDS register value
The value changes depending
on the count clock selected and
the start timing.
Example for setting the duty to 50%
When PDS is set to "0x02" with PPS set to "0x04", the PPG output is set at a duty ratio of
50% (PPS setting value /2 set to PDS).
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
18.6.2
Manual
8-bit Prescaler + 8-bit PPG Mode
In this mode, the rising and falling edge detection pulses from the PPG timer
n1 output can be used as the count clock of the PPG timer n0 downcounter to
allow variable-cycle 8-bit PPG output from PPG timer n0.
■ Setting 8-bit Prescaler + 8-bit PPG Mode
The 8/16-bit PPG requires the register settings shown in Figure 18.6-3 to operate in 8-bit
prescaler + 8-bit PPG mode.
Figure 18.6-3 Setting 8-bit Prescaler + 8-bit PPG Mode
bit7
-
bit6
-
bit5
PIE1
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
PUF1 POEN1 CKS12 CKS11 CKS10
PCn0
MD1
0
MD0
1
PIE0
PUF0 POEN0 CKS02 CKS01 CKS00
×
×
×
PPSn1
PH7
PH6
PH5
PH4
PH3
PH2
PH1
Set PPG output cycle for PPG timer n1
PH0
PPSn0
PL7
PL6
PL5
PL4
PL3
PL2
PL1
Set PPG output cycle for PPG timer n0
PL0
PDSn1
DH7
DH6
DH5
DH4
DH3
DH2
DH1
Set PPG output duty for PPG timer n1
DH0
PDSn0
DL7
DL6
DL5
DL4
DL3
DL2
DL1
Set PPG output duty for PPG timer n0
DL0
PPGS
*
*
PEN21 PEN20 PEN11 PEN10 PEN01 PEN00
*
*
*
*
REVC
*
*
REV21 REV20 REV11 REV10 REV01 REV00
*
*
*
*
PCn1
0
1
×
*
: Used bit
: Set to "0"
: Set to "1"
: Setting nullified
: The bit status varies depending of the number of channels implemented
■ Operation of 8-bit Prescaler + 8-bit PPG Mode
• This mode is selected by setting the operation mode select bits (MD[1:0]) in the 8/16-bit
PPG timer n0 control register (PCn0) to "0b01". This allows PPG timer n1 to be used as an
8-bit prescaler and PPG timer n0 to be used as an 8-bit PPG.
• When the PPG timer n1 (ch. n) downcounter operation enable bit (PEN01) is set to "1", the
8-bit prescaler (PPG timer n1) loads the value in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n1 cycle setup
buffer register (PPSn1) and starts down-count operation. When the value of the
downcounter matches the value in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n1 duty setup buffer register
(PDSn1), the PPGn1 output is set to "H" synchronizing with the count clock. After "H"
which is the value of duty setting is output, the PPGn1 output is set to "L". If the output
level reverse signal (REV01) is "0", the polarity remains the same. If it is "1", the polarity is
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18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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reversed and the signal is output to the PPGn1 pin.
• When the PPG timer n0 (ch. n) downcounter operation enable bit (PEN00) is set to "1", the
8-bit PPG (PPG timer n0) loads the value in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n0 cycle setup buffer
register (PPSn0) and starts down-count operation (count clock = rising and falling edge
detection pulses of PPGn1 output after PPG timer n1 operation is enabled). When the count
value reaches "1", the value in the PPSn0 register is reloaded to repeat the counting. When
the value of the downcounter matches the value in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n0 duty setup
buffer register (PDSn0), the PPGn0 output is set to "H" synchronizing with the count clock.
After "H" which is the value of duty setting is output, the PPGn0 output is reset to "L". If
the output level reverse bit (REV00) is "0", the polarity remains the same. If it is "1", the
polarity is reversed and the signal is output to the PPGn0 pin.
• Set that the duty of the 8-bit prescaler (PPG timer n1) output to 50%.
• When PPG timer n0 is started with the 8-bit prescaler (PPG timer n1) being stopped, PPG
timer n0 does not count.
• When the duty of the 8-bit prescaler (PPG timer n1) is set to 0% or 100%, PPG timer n0
does not perform counting as the 8-bit prescaler (PPG timer n1) output does not toggle.
Figure 18.6-4 shows the operation of 8-bit prescaler + 8-bit PPG mode.
Figure 18.6-4 Operation of 8-bit Prescaler + 8-bit PPG Mode
Count clock
(Cycle T)
PEN01
Cycle setting
(PPSn1)
Duty setting
(PDSn1)
PPG timer n1
counter value
m1=4
n1=2
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1
4
3
1
2
4
Downcounter value
matches matches duty
setting value
Counter borrow
PPG output source
Synchronizing with machine clock
PPGn1
(Normal polarity)
(Inversion polarity)
(1)
α
(2)
PEN00
Cycle setting
m0=3
(PPSn0)
Duty setting
n0=2
(PDSn0)
PPG timer n0
counter value
Downcounter value
matches matches duty
setting value
Counter borrow
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
PPG output source
Synchronizing with machine clock
PPGn0
(Normal polarity)
(Inversion polarity)
(3)
β
(4)
(1) = n1 × T
(2) = m1 × T
(3) = (1) × n0
(4) = (1) × m0
270
T:
m0:
n0:
m1:
n1:
Count clock cycle
PPSn0 register value
PDSn0 register value
PPSn1 register value
PDSn1 register value
α:
β:
The value changes depending on the count
clock selected and the PEN01 start timing.
The value changes depending on the
PPGn1 output (ch. n) waveform and the
PEN00 start timing.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
18.6.3
Manual
16-bit PPG Mode
In this mode, the 8/16-bit PPG can operate as a 16-bit PPG when PPG timer n1
and PPG timer n0 are assigned to the upper and lower bits respectively.
■ Setting 16-bit PPG Mode
The 8/16-bit PPG requires the register settings shown in Figure 18.6-5 to operate in 16-bit PPG
mode.
Figure 18.6-5 Setting 16-bit PPG Mode
bit7
-
bit6
-
bit5
PIE1
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
PUF1 POEN1 CKS12 CKS11 CKS10
PCn0
MD1
0
MD0
0/1
PIE0
PUF0 POEN0 CKS02 CKS01 CKS00
PPSn1
PH7
PH6
PH5
PH4
PH3
PH2
PH1
PH0
Set PPG output cycle (Upper 8 bits) for PPG timer n1
PPSn0
PL7
PL6
PL5
PL4
PL3
PL2
PL1
PL0
Set PPG output cycle (Lower 8 bits) for PPG timer n0
PDSn1
DH7
DH6
DH5
DH4
DH3
DH2
DH1
Set PPG output duty (Upper 8 bits) for PPG timer n1
PDSn0
DL7
DL6
DL5
DL4
DL3
DL2
DL1
DL0
Set PPG output duty (Lower 8 bits) for PPG timer n0
PPGS
*
*
PEN21 PEN20 PEN11 PEN10 PEN01 PEN00
*
*
*
*
×
REVC
*
*
REV21 REV20 REV11 REV10 REV01 REV00
*
*
*
*
×
PCn1
0
1
×
*
DH0
: Used bit
: Set to "0"
: Set to "1"
: Setting nullified
: The bit status changes depending on the number of channels implemented.
■ Operation of 16-bit PPG Mode
• This mode is selected by setting the operation mode select bits (MD[1:0]) in the PPG timer
n0 control register (PCn0) to "0b10" or "0b11".
• When the PPG timer n0 (ch. n) downcounter operation enable bit (PEN00) is set to "1" in
16-bit PPG mode, the 8-bit downcounters (PPG timer n0) and 8-bit downcounter (PPG
timer n1) load the values in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 cycle setup buffer registers
(PPSn1 for PPG timer n1 and PPSn0 for PPG timer n0) and start down-count operation.
When the count value reaches "1", the values in the cycle setup register are reloaded and the
counters repeat the counting.
• When the values of the downcounters match the values in the 8/16-bit PPG timer duty setup
buffer registers (both the value in PDSn1 for PPG timer n1 and the value in PDSn0 for PPG
timer n0), the PPGn0 pin is set to "H" synchronizing with the count clock. After "H" which
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18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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is the value of duty setting is output, the PPGn0 pin is set to "L". If the output level reverse
bit (REV00) is "0", the signal is output to the PPGn0 pin with the polarity unchanged. If it is
set to "1", the polarity is reversed and the signal is output to the PPGn0 pin.
Figure 18.6-6 shows the operation of 16-bit PPG mode.
Figure 18.6-6 Operation of 16-bit PPG Mode
Count clock
(Cycle T)
PEN00
Cycle setup
(PPSn1 and PPSn0) m=256
Duty setup
(PDSn1 and PDSn0)
n=2
Counter value
256
255
254
...
2
1
256
255
...
2
1
256
255
Downcounter value matches
matches duty setting value
Counter borrow
PPG output source
Synchronizing with
machine clock
PPGn0
(Normal polarity)
(Inversion polarity)
(1)
α
(2)
(1) = n × T
(2) = m × T
272
T:
m:
n:
α:
Count clock cycle
PPSn1 & PPSn0
PDSn1 & PDSn0
The value changes depending on the count
clock selected and the start timing.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the 8/16-bit PPG ch. n.
● Initial setup
1. Set the port output. (DDR)
2. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
3. Select the operating clock, enable the output and interrupt. (PCn1)
4. Select the operating clock, enable the output and interrupt, select the operation mode.
(PCn0)
5. Set the cycle. (PPS)
6. Set the duty. (PDS)
7. Set the 8/16-bit PPG output reverse register. (REVC)
8. Start the 8/16-bit PPG. (PPGS)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Interrupt processing
1. Process any interrupt.
2. Clear the interrupt request flag. (PCn1:PUF1, PCn0:PUF0)
3. Start the 8/16-bit PPG. (PPGS)
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18.7 Registers
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18.7
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the 8/16-bit PPG.
Table 18.7-1 List of 8/16-bit PPG Registers
Register
abbreviation
274
Register name
Reference
PCn1
8/16-bit PPG timer n1 control register
18.7.1
PCn0
8/16-bit PPG timer n0 control register
18.7.2
PPSn1
8/16-bit PPG timer n1 cycle setting buffer register
18.7.3
PPSn0
8/16-bit PPG timer n0 cycle setting buffer register
18.7.3
PDSn1
8/16-bit PPG timer n1 duty setting buffer register
18.7.4
PDSn0
8/16-bit PPG timer n0 duty setting buffer register
18.7.4
PPGS
8/16-bit PPG start register
18.7.5
REVC
8/16-bit PPG output reverse register
18.7.6
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.7 Registers
Ha rdware
18.7.1
Manual
8/16-bit PPG timer n1 Control Register (PCn1)
The 8/16-bit PPG timer n1 control register (PCn1) sets the operating conditions
for PPG timer n1.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
PIE1
PUF1
POEN1
CKS12
CKS11
CKS10
Attribute
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation,
[bit5] PIE1: Interrupt request enable bit
This bit controls interrupts of PPG timer n1.
The bit outputs an interrupt request (IRQ) when the counter borrow detection bit (PUF1) and the PIE1 bit are
both set to "1".
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the PPG timer n1interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the PPG timer n1interrupt.
[bit4] PUF1: Counter borrow detection flag bit for PPG cycle downcounter
This bit serves as the counter borrow detection flag for the PPG cycle downcounter of the PPG timer n1.
This bit is set to "1" when a counter borrow occurs in 8-bit PPG independent mode or 8-bit prescaler + 8-bit
PPG mode.
In 16-bit PPG mode, this bit is not set to "1" even when a counter borrow occurs.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation. Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no counter borrow of PPG timer n1 has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a counter borrow of PPG timer n1 has been detected.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit3] POEN1: Output enable bit
This bit enables or disables the PPG timer n1 pin output.
Setting this bit to "1" in 16-bit PPG mode sets the PPG timer n1 pin as an output pin. (The setting value of
REV01 is output. "L" output is supplied when REV01 is "0".)
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
The PPG timer n1 pin functions as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
The PPG timer n1 pin functions as a PPG output pin.
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[bit2:0] CKS1[2:0]: Operating clock select bits
These bits select the operating clock for 8-bit downcounter of the PPG timer n1.
The operating clock is generated from the prescaler. For details, see "3.9 Operation of Prescaler".
In 16-bit PPG mode, the settings of these bits have no effect on the operation.
bit2:0
Details
(MCLK: machine clock, FCH: main clock, FCRH: main CR clock, FPLL: PLL clock)
Writing "000"
1 MCLK
Writing "001"
MCLK/2
Writing "010"
MCLK/4
Writing "011"
MCLK/8
Writing "100"
MCLK/16
Writing "101"
MCLK/32
Writing "110"
FCH/27 or FCRH/26 or FPLL/26
Writing "111"
FCH/28 or FCRH/27 or FPLL/27
Note: In subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, since the time-base timer stops operating, setting CKS1[2:0]
to "0b110" or "0b111" is prohibited.
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.7 Registers
Ha rdware
18.7.2
Manual
8/16-bit PPG timer n0 Control Register (PCn0)
The 8/16-bit PPG timer n0 control register (PCn0) sets the operating conditions
and the operation mode for PPG timer n0.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
MD1
MD0
PIE0
PUF0
POEN0
CKS02
CKS01
CKS00
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] MD[1:0]: Operating mode bits
These bits select the PPG operation mode.
Do not modify the settings of these bits during counting.
bit7:6
Details
Writing "00"
8-bit PPG independent mode
Writing "01"
8-bit prescaler + 8-bit PPG mode
Writing "10"
Writing "11"
16-bit PPG mode
[bit5] PIE0: Interrupt request enable bit
This bit controls interrupts of PPG timer n0.
In 16-bit PPG mode, use this bit to control the interrupt request of the 8/16-bit PPG.
The bit outputs an interrupt request (IRQ) when the counter borrow detection bit (PUF0) and the PIE0 bit are
both set to "1".
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the PPG timer n0 interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the PPG timer n0 interrupt.
[bit4] PUF0: Counter borrow detection flag bit for PPG cycle downcounter
This bit serves as the counter borrow detection flag for the PPG cycle downcounter of the PPG timer n0.
In 16-bit PPG mode, only this bit is effective and the PUF1 bit in the PCn1 register has no effect on
operation.
Note: In 8-bit PPG independent mode or 8-bit prescaler + 8-bit PPG mode, counter borrow detection is
always enabled.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation. Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no counter borrow of PPG timer n0 has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a counter borrow of PPG timer n0 has been detected.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
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18.7 Registers
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[bit3] POEN0: Output enable bit
This bit enables or disables the PPG timer n0 pin output.
In 16-bit PPG mode, since the 8/16-bit PPG outputs pulse wave through the PPG timer n0 pin, this bit
controls the 8/16-bit PPG output.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
The PPG timer n0 pin functions as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
The PPG timer n0 pin functions as a PPG output pin.
[bit2:0] CKS0[2:0]: Operating clock select bits
These bits select the operating clock for 8-bit downcounter of the PPG timer n0.
The operating clock is generated from the prescaler. For details, see "3.9 Operation of Prescaler".
In 8-bit prescaler + 8-bit PPG mode, the rising and falling edge detection pulses from the PPG timer n1
output are used as the count clock for PPG timer n0. Therefore, the settings of these bits have no effect on
operation.
In 16-bit PPG mode, use these bits to select the operating clock.
bit2:0
Details
(MCLK: machine clock, FCH: main clock, FCRH: main CR clock, FPLL: PLL clock)
Writing "000"
1 MCLK
Writing "001"
MCLK/2
Writing "010"
MCLK/4
Writing "011"
MCLK/8
Writing "100"
MCLK/16
Writing "101"
MCLK/32
Writing "110"
FCH/27 or FCRH/26 or FPLL/26
Writing "111"
FCH/28 or FCRH/27 or FPLL/27
Note: In subclock mode or sub-CR clock mode, since the time-base timer stops operating, setting CKS0[2:0]
to "0b110" or "0b111" is prohibited.
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.7 Registers
Ha rdware
18.7.3
Manual
8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 Cycle Setup Buffer
Register (PPSn1/PPSn0)
The 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 cycle setup buffer register (PPSn1/PPSn0) sets
the PPG output cycle.
■ Register Configuration
PPSn1
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PH7
PH6
PH5
PH4
PH3
PH2
PH1
PH0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PPSn0
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PL7
PL6
PL5
PL4
PL3
PL2
PL1
PL0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
■ Register Functions
The PPSn1 and PPSn0 registers set the PPG output cycle.
• In 16-bit PPG mode, PPSn1 serves as the upper 8 bits, while PPSn0 serves as the lower 8
bits.
• In 16-bit PPG mode, write the upper bits before the lower bits. When only the upper bits are
written, the previously written value is reused in the next load.
• 8-bit mode: Cycle = max. 255 (0xFF)  Input clock cycle
• 16-bit mode: Cycle = max. 65535 (0xFFFF)  Input clock cycle
• Initialized at reset.
• Do not set the cycle to "0x00" or "0x01" when using the unit in 8-bit PPG independent
mode or 8-bit prescaler mode + 8-bit PPG mode
• Do not set the cycle to "0x0000" or "0x0001" when using the unit in 16-bit PPG mode.
• If the cycle settings are modified during the operation, the modified settings will be
effective from the next PPG cycle.
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18.7 Registers
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18.7.4
Ma nu al
8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 Duty Setup Buffer
Register (PDSn1/PDSn0)
The 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 duty setup buffer register (PDSn1/PDSn0) sets the
duty of the PPG output.
■ Register Configuration
PDSn1
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
DH7
DH6
DH5
DH4
DH3
DH2
DH1
DH0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PDSn0
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
DL7
DL6
DL5
DL4
DL3
DL2
DL1
DL0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
■ Register Functions
The PDSn1 and PDSn0 registers set the duty of the PPG output ("H" pulse width when normal
polarity).
• In 16-bit PPG mode, PDSn1 serves as the upper 8 bits while PDSn0 serves as the lower 8
bits.
• In 16-bit PPG mode, write the upper bits before the lower bits. When only the upper bits are
written, the previously written value is reused in the next load. By writing to PDSn0, PDSn1
is updated.
• Initialized at reset.
• To set the duty to 0%, select "0x00".
• To set the duty to 100%, set it to the same value as the 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 cycle setup
register (PPSn0, PPSn1).
• When the 8/16-bit PPG timer n0/n1 duty setup register (PDS) is set to a larger value than
the setting value of the 8/16-bit PPG cycle setup buffer register (PPS), the PPG output
becomes "L" output in the normal polarity (when the output level inversion bit of 8/16-bit
PPG output inversion register is "0").
• If the duty settings are modified during operation, the modified value will be effective from
the next PPG cycle.
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.7 Registers
Ha rdware
18.7.5
Manual
8/16-bit PPG Start Register (PPGS)
The 8/16-bit PPG start register (PPGS) starts or stops the downcounter. The
operation enable bit of each channel is assigned to the PPGS register, allowing
simultaneous activation of the PPG channels.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
PEN21*
PEN20*
PEN11*
PEN10*
PEN01
PEN00
Attribute
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
*: Since the number of channels of the 8/16-bit PPG varies among products, these bits may become undefined bits on certain
products. For details, refer to the device data sheet.
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] PEN21: PPG timer 21 (ch. 2) downcounter operation enable bit
This bit enables or stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 21 (ch. 2).
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 21 (ch. 2).
Writing "1"
Enables the downcounter operation of PPG timer 21 (ch. 2).
[bit4] PEN20: PPG timer 20 (ch. 2) downcounter operation enable bit
This bit enables or stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 20 (ch. 2).
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 20 (ch. 2).
Writing "1"
Enables the downcounter operation of PPG timer 20 (ch. 2).
[bit3] PEN11: PPG timer 11 (ch. 1) downcounter operation enable bit
This bit enables or stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 11 (ch. 1).
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 11 (ch. 1).
Writing "1"
Enables the downcounter operation of PPG timer 11 (ch. 1).
[bit2] PEN10: PPG timer 10 (ch. 1) downcounter operation enable bit
This bit enables or stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 10 (ch. 1).
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 10 (ch. 1).
Writing "1"
Enables the downcounter operation of PPG timer 10 (ch. 1).
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18.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit1] PEN01: PPG timer 01 (ch. 0) downcounter operation enable bit
This bit enables or stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 01 (ch. 0).
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 01 (ch. 0).
Writing "1"
Enables the downcounter operation of PPG timer 01 (ch. 0).
[bit0] PEN00: PPG timer 00 (ch. 0) downcounter operation enable bit
This bit enables or stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 00 (ch. 0).
bit0
282
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the downcounter operation of PPG timer 00 (ch. 0).
Writing "1"
Enables the downcounter operation of PPG timer 00 (ch. 0).
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.7 Registers
Ha rdware
18.7.6
Manual
8/16-bit PPG Output Reverse Register (REVC)
The 8/16-bit PPG output reverse register (REVC) reverses the PPG output
including the initial level.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
REV21*
REV20*
REV11*
REV10*
REV01
REV00
Attribute
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
*: Since the number of channels of the 8/16-bit PPG varies among products, these bits may become undefined bits on certain
products. For details, refer to the device data sheet.
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] REV21: PPG timer 21 (ch. 2) output level reverse bit
This bit selects the output level of PPG timer 21 (ch. 2).
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Selects normal polarity.
Writing "1"
Selects reverse polarity.
[bit4] REV20: PPG timer 20 (ch. 2) output level reverse bit
This bit selects the output level of PPG timer 20 (ch. 2).
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Selects normal polarity.
Writing "1"
Selects reverse polarity.
[bit3] REV11: PPG timer 11 (ch. 1) output level reverse bit
This bit selects the output level of PPG timer 11 (ch. 1).
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Selects normal polarity.
Writing "1"
Selects reverse polarity.
[bit2] REV10: PPG timer 10 (ch. 1) output level reverse bit
This bit selects the output level of PPG timer 10 (ch. 1).
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Selects normal polarity.
Writing "1"
Selects reverse polarity.
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18.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit1] REV01: PPG timer 01 (ch. 0) output level reverse bit
This bit selects the output level of PPG timer 01 (ch. 0).
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Selects normal polarity.
Writing "1"
Selects reverse polarity.
[bit0] REV00: PPG timer 00 (ch. 0) output level reverse bit
This bit selects the output level of PPG timer 00 (ch. 0).
bit0
284
Details
Writing "0"
Selects normal polarity.
Writing "1"
Selects reverse polarity.
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CHAPTER 18 8/16-BIT PPG
18.8 Notes on Using 8/16-bit PPG
Ha rdware
18.8
Manual
Notes on Using 8/16-bit PPG
This section provides notes on using the 8/16-bit PPG.
■ Notes on Using 8/16-bit PPG
● Note on operation
Depending on the timing between the activation of PPG and count clock, an error may occur in
the first cycle of the PPG output immediately after the activation. The error varies depending
on the count clock selected. The output, however, is performed properly in the succeeding
cycles.
● Note on interrupts
A PPG interrupt is generated when the interrupt enable bit (PIE1/PIE0) is set to "1" and the
interrupt request flag bit (PUF1/PUF0) in the 8/16-bit PPG timer n1/n0 control register (PCn1/
PCn0) is also set to "1". Always clear the interrupt request flag bit (PUF1/PUF0) to "0" in the
interrupt service routine.
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18.8 Notes on Using 8/16-bit PPG
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 19
16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the 16-bit reload timer.
19.1 Overview
19.2 Configuration
19.3 Channel
19.4 Pins
19.5 Interrupt
19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
19.7 Registers
19.8 Notes on Using 16-bit Reload Timer
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19.1 Overview
H ard war e
19.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The 16-bit reload timer has two counter operating modes in each of the two
clock modes.
The 16-bit reload timer can be used as an interval timer by generating an
interrupt when an underflow occurs in the timer.
■ Operation Modes of 16-bit Reload Timer
Table 19.1-1 shows the operation modes of the 16-bit reload timer.
Table 19.1-1 Operation Modes of 16-bit Reload Timer
Clock mode
Counter operating mode
Trigger operation mode
Reload mode
Software trigger operation
External trigger input operation
External gate input operation
Internal clock mode
One-shot mode
Event count mode
(external clock mode)
Reload mode
One-shot mode
Software trigger operation
■ Internal Clock Mode
Internal clock mode is selected when any value other than "0b111" is set to the count clock
setting bits (CSL[2:0]) in the 16-bit reload timer control status register (upper) ch. n
(TMCSRHn).
In internal clock mode, the following three trigger operation modes are available.
● Software trigger operation
The count starts when the count enable bit (CNTE) in the 16-bit reload timer control status
register (lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn) is set to "1" and the software trigger bit (TRG) is set to "1".
● External trigger input operation
When the count enable bit (CNTE) in the 16-bit reload timer control status register (lower)
ch. n (TMCSRLn) is set to "1", the count will start if a valid edge (rising, falling, or both
selectable) specified by the operating mode select bits (MOD[2:0]) is input to the TIn pin.
● External gate input operation
When the count enable bit (CNTE) in the 16-bit reload timer control status register (lower)
ch. n (TMCSRLn) is set to "1", the count will start if a valid trigger input level ("L" or "H"
selectable) specified by the operating mode select bits (MOD[2:0]) is input to the TIn pin.
■ Event Count Mode (External Clock Mode)
When the count clock setting bits (CSL[2:0]) in the 16-bit reload timer control status register
(upper) ch. n (TMCSRHn) are set to "0b111", the count will start if a valid edge of trigger
input (rising, falling, or both) specified by the operating mode select bits (MOD[2:0]) is input
to the TIn pin. When an external clock is input in regular cycles, the reload timer can also be
used as an interval timer.
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19.1 Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Counter Operating Mode
● Reload mode
When an underflow occurs in the 16-bit downcounter ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF"), the value of
the 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is loaded to the 16-bit
downcounter and the 16-bit reload timer continues counting. In addition, since the interrupt
request is output by an underflow, the 16-bit reload timer can be used as the interval timer.
● One-shot mode
An interrupt is generated when an underflow occurs on the 16-bit downcounter.
During counter operation, the TOn pin outputs a square waveform indicating that the counter is
currently running.
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.2 Configuration
H ard war e
19.2
Ma nu al
Configuration
The 16-bit reload timer consists of the following blocks:
• Count clock generation circuit
• Reload control circuit
• Output control circuit
• Operation control circuit
• 16-bit reload timer timer register ch. n (TMRHn, TMRLn)
• 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n (TMRLRHn, TMRLRLn)
• 16-bit reload timer control status register ch. n (TMCSRHn, TMCSRLn)
The number of pins and that of channels of the 16-bit reload timer vary among products. For
details, refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
For details of pin names, register names and register abbreviations of a product, refer to the
device data sheet.
■ Block Diagram of 16-bit Reload Timer
Figure 19.2-1 shows the block diagram of the 16-bit reload timer.
Figure 19.2-1 Block Diagram of 16-bit Reload Timer
Internal bus
16-bit reload timer reload register
(TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn)
Reload
Reload
control circuit
16-bit reload timer timer register
(TMRHn/TMRLn)
CLK
Count clock generation circuit
Pin
Output control circuit
Input
control circuit
Valid clock
judgment
circuit
TIn
Clock
selection
Internal clock
Inversion
Output signal
generation
circuit
Pin
Enable
CLK
Wait
Operation
control
circuit
Select
Function
selection
16-bit reload timer control
CSL2
status register (upper) (TMCSRHn)
TOn
CSL1 CSL0 MOD2 MOD1 MOD0
OUTE OUTL RELD INTE
UF
CNTE TRG
16-bit reload timer control
status register (lower) (TMCSRLn)
Interrupt request
signal
Internal bus
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19.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
● Count clock generation circuit
The count clock for the 16-bit reload timer is generated from the internal clock or TIn pin input
signal.
● Reload control circuit
This circuit controls reload operation when the timer is started or an underflow occurs.
● Output control circuit
This circuit controls the inversion of TOn pin output by an underflow of the 16-bit
downcounter and the enabling and disabling of TOn pin output.
● Operation control circuit
This circuit controls the starting and stopping of the 16-bit downcounter.
● 16-bit reload timer timer register (upper/lower) ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn)
TMRHn and TMRLn form a 16-bit downcounter. Reading these registers returns the current
count value.
● 16-bit reload timer reload register (upper/lower) ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn)
This register sets the load value to the 16-bit downcounter. The register loads the setting value
of the 16-bit reload timer reload register to the 16-bit downcounter to down count.
● 16-bit reload timer control status register (upper/lower) ch. n (TMCSRHn/TMCSRLn)
This register controls the count clock, operating mode, clock selection, interrupts, and other
aspects of the 16-bit reload timer as well as indicates the current operation status.
■ Input Clock
The 16-bit reload timer uses the output clock from the prescaler or the input signal from the
TIn pin as its input clock (count clock).
When the event counter operates in event counter operation mode, external clock input from
the TIn pin is gated by the PWM signal generated by 8/16-bit composite timer ch. 1, and is
then input to the 16-bit reload timer as a count clock for the 16-bit reload timer. For details of
the event counter, see "CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER".
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19.3 Channel
H ard war e
19.3
Ma nu al
Channel
This section describes the channel of the 16-bit reload timer.
■ Channel of 16-bit Reload Timer
Table 19.3-1 and Table 19.3-2 show the pins and registers on a channel of the 16-bit reload
timer respectively.
Table 19.3-1 Pins of 16-bit Reload Timer
Pin name
Pin function
TOn
Timer output
TIn
Timer input
Table 19.3-2 Registers of 16-bit Reload Timer
Register
abbreviation
292
Corresponding register (Name in this manual)
TMCSRHn
16-bit reload timer control status register (upper) ch. n
TMCSRLn
16-bit reload timer control status register (lower) ch. n
TMRHn
16-bit reload timer timer register (upper) ch. n
TMRLn
16-bit reload timer timer register (lower) ch. n
TMRLRHn
16-bit reload timer reload register (upper) ch. n
TMRLRLn
16-bit reload timer reload register (lower) ch. n
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.4 Pins
Ha rdware
19.4
Manual
Pins
This section describes the pins of the 16-bit reload timer.
■ Pins of 16-bit Reload Timer
The pins of the 16-bit reload timer are namely the TIn and TOn pins.
● TIn pin
This pin is used both as a general-purpose I/O port and as the external pulse input pin for the
counter (TIn).
TIn:
Any pulse edge input to this pin is counted during counter operation. To use it as the
external pulse input pin in counter operation, set the corresponding bit in the port
direction register (DDR) to "0".
● TOn pin
This pin is used both as a general-purpose I/O port and as the output pin of the 16-bit reload
timer (TOn).
TOn: This pin outputs waveforms of the 16-bit reload timer.
When this pin is used as the 16-bit reload timer output pin, regardless of the setting of
the port direction register (DDR), enabling 16-bit reload timer output
(TMCSRLn:OUTE = 1) automatically makes this pin function as the 16-bit reload timer
output pin to output the waveforms.
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19.5 Interrupt
H ard war e
19.5
Ma nu al
Interrupt
The 16-bit reload timer outputs an interrupt request when an underflow occurs
on the 16-bit downcounter.
■ Interrupt of 16-bit Reload Timer
Table 19.5-1 shows the interrupt control bit and interrupt source of the 16-bit reload timer.
Table 19.5-1 Interrupt Control Bits and Interrupt Sources of 16-bit Reload Timer
Item
Description
Interrupt request flag bit
UF bit in TMCSRLn register
Interrupt request enable bit
INTE bit in TMCSRLn register
Interrupt source
Underflow of downcounter (TMRHn/TMRLn)
The 16-bit reload timer sets the underflow interrupt request flag bit (UF) in the 16-bit reload
timer control status register (lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn) to "1" when an underflow occurs in the
16-bit downcounter ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF"). If the underflow interrupt request has been
enabled (TMCSRLn:INTE = 1), the interrupt request will be output to the interrupt controller.
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
19.6
Manual
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
This section describes the operating status of the 16-bit reload timer counter.
■ Operating Status of Counter
The counter status is determined by the value of the count enable bit (CNTE) in the 16-bit
reload timer control status register (lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn) and the internal signal start
trigger wait signal (WAIT). The STOP state (halted), WAIT state (waiting for a start trigger)
and RUN state (operating state) can be set.
Figure 19.6-1 shows the status transition of these counters.
Figure 19.6-1 Diagram of Counter State Transition
Reset
STOP state
CNTE = 0, WAIT = 1
TIn pin: Input disabled
TOn pin: General-purpose I/O port
16-bit reload timer timer register:
Holds the value at stop
Value immediately after reset = 0x0000
CNTE = 0
CNTE = 0
CNTE = 1
CNTE = 0
TRG = 0
WAIT state
CNTE = 1
TRG = 1
CNTE = 1, WAIT = 1
RUN state
TIn pin: Only trigger input is valid
UF = 1 &
TOn pin: 16-bit reload timer reload register output RELD = 0
16-bit reload timer timer register:
(One-shot mode)
Holds the value at stop
Until loaded immediately after reset = 0x0000
TOn pin: 16-bit reload timer reload register output
16-bit reload timer timer register:
Count operation
UF = 1 &
RELD = 1
(Reload mode)
TRG = 1
(Software trigger)
External trigger from TOn pin
CNTE = 1, WAIT = 0
TIn pin: 16-bit reload timer input
LOAD
TRG = 1
(Software trigger)
CNTE = 1, WAIT = 0
16-bit reload timer reload register value
loaded to16-bit reload timer timer register
External trigger from TIn pin
Load completed
WAIT
TRG
CNTE
UF
RELD
: State transition by hardware
: State transition by register access
: WAIT signal (internal signal)
: Software trigger bit (TMCSRLn)
: Timer operation enable bit (TMCSRLn)
: Underflow generation flag bit (TMCSRLn)
: Reload selection bit (TMCSRLn)
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19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the 16-bit reload timer.
● Initial setup
1. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
2. Set the reload value. (TMRHn/TMRLn)
3. Select the clock. (TMCSRHn:CSL[2:0])
4. Select the operating mode. (TMCSRHn:MOD[2:0])
5. Enable the output. (TMCSRLn:OUTE = 1)
6. Select the output level. (TMCSRLn:OUTL)
7. Select reload. (TMCSRLn:RELD)
8. Enable a count. (TMCSRLn:CNTE = 1)
9. Perform the software trigger. (TMCSRLn:TRG = 1)
10. Enable underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE = 1).
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Interrupt processing
1. Clear the underflow interrupt request flag. (TMCSRLn:UF=0)
2. Disable underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE = 0)
3. Process any interrupt.
4. Enable underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE = 1)
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
19.6.1
Manual
Internal Clock Mode
In this mode, the 16-bit downcounter counts down while being synchronized
with the internal count clock, and outputs an interrupt request to the interrupt
controller every time an underflow occurs ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF"). In addition,
the TOn pin can output the toggle waveform.
■ Setting Internal Clock Mode
The timer requires the register settings shown in Figure 19.6-2 to operate as an interval timer.
Figure 19.6-2 Internal Clock Mode Setup
TMCSRHn
bit7
-
bit6
-
bit5
CSL2
bit4
CSL1
bit3
CSL0
Other than "0b111"
bit7
0
bit6
OUTE
TMRLRHn
bit7
D15
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
D14
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
Set initial value of counter (reload value) (upper)
bit0
D8
TMRLRLn
bit7
D7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Set initial value of counter (reload value) (lower)
bit0
D0
TMCSRLn
bit5
OUTL
bit4
RELD
bit3
INTE
bit2
bit1
bit0
MOD2 MOD1 MOD0
0
bit2
UF
bit1
CNTE
1
bit0
TRG
: Used bit
0 : Set to "0"
1 : Set to "1"
■ Operation of Internal Clock Mode (Reload Mode)
When "1" is set to the count enable bit (CNTE) to enable counting, and the timer is started by
setting "1" to the software trigger bit (TRG) or by an external trigger, the value set in the 16-bit
reload timer reload register (upper/lower) ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is reloaded to the 16bit downcounter and downcounting starts. If counting is enabled when the count enable bit
(CNTE) and software trigger bit (TRG) are set to "1" at the same time, the counting starts at the
same time.
If the reload select bit (RELD) is "1", the value of the 16-bit reload timer reload register
(upper/lower) ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is reloaded to the 16-bit downcounter and the
count continues when the 16-bit counter underflows ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF"). If the underflow
interrupt request flag bit (UF) is "1" when the underflow interrupt request enable bit (INTE) is
set to "1", an interrupt request is output.
The TOn pin can output a toggle waveform that is inverted every time an underflow occurs.
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19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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● Software trigger operation
When the count enable bit (CNTE) is set to "1", setting "1" to the software trigger bit (TRG)
starts counting.
Figure 19.6-3 shows the software trigger operation in reload mode.
Figure 19.6-3 Count Operation in Reload Mode (Software Trigger Operation)
Count clock
-1
Counter
Data load signal
0000
Reload data
-1
0000
Reload data
-1
0000
Reload data
-1
Reload data
UF bit
CNTE bit
TRG bit
TOn pin
● External trigger input operation
The count starts when the count enable bit (CNTE) is set to "1" and a valid edge of trigger
input (rising, falling, or both selectable) set by the operating mode select bits (MOD[2:0]) is
input to the TIn pin.
The timer start with the software trigger becomes effective as well as the one with an external
trigger.
Figure 19.6-4 shows the external trigger input operation in reload mode.
Figure 19.6-4 Count Operation in Reload Mode (External Trigger Input Operation)
Count clock
-1
Counter
Data load signal
Reload data
0000
-1
Reload data
0000
-1
Reload data
0000
-1
Reload data
UF bit
CNTE bit
TIn pin
TOn pin
● Gate input operation
The count starts when the count enable bit (CNTE) is set to "1" and the software trigger bit
(TRG) is also set to "1".
The timer continues counting while the valid gate input level ("L" or "H" selectable) set by the
operating mode select bits (MOD[2:0]) is being input to the TIn pin.
The timer start with the software trigger becomes effective as well as the one with an external
trigger.
Figure 19.6-5 shows the gate input operation in reload mode.
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 19.6-5 Count Operation in Reload Mode (External Gate Input Operation)
Count clock
Counter
Reload data
-1
-1
-1
0000
-1
-1
Reload data
Data load signal
UF bit
CNTE bit
TRG bit
TIn pin
TOn pin
■ Operation of Internal Clock Mode (One-shot Mode)
When the count enable bit (CNTE) is set to "1" and the software trigger bit (TRG) is set to "1"
or the valid edge (rising, falling or both edges selectable) specified by the operating mode
select bits (MOD[2:0]) is input to the TIn pin, the value set in the 16-bit reload timer reload
register is reloaded to the 16-bit downcounter and down-counting starts. When the count enable
bit (CNTE) and software trigger bit (TRG) are set to "1" at the same time and then counting is
enabled, the count is started simultaneously.
If the reload select bit (RELD) is "0", the 16-bit counter halts at "0xFFFF" when the 16-bit
counter underflows ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF"). In this case, the underflow interrupt request flag
bit (UF) is set to "1" and if the underflow interrupt request enable bit (INTE) is "1", an
interrupt request is output.
A square waveform can be output from the TOn pin to indicate that the count is in progress.
● Software trigger operation
The count starts when the count enable bit (CNTE) is "1" and the software trigger bit (TRG) is
set to "1".
Figure 19.6-6 shows the software trigger operation in one-shot mode.
Figure 19.6-6 Count Operation in One-shot Mode (Software Trigger Operation)
Count clock
Counter
Data load signal
-1
0000 FFFF
Reload data
-1
0000 FFFF
Reload data
UF bit
CNTE bit
TRG bit
TOn pin
Wait for start trigger input
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19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● External trigger input
The count starts when the count enable bit (CNTE) is "1" and the valid edge of trigger input
(rising, falling, or both edges) specified by the operating mode select bits (MOD[2:0]) is input
to the TIn pin.
Figure 19.6-7 shows the external trigger input operation in one-shot mode.
Figure 19.6-7 Count Operation in One-shot Mode (External Trigger Input Operation)
Count clock
-1
Counter
Data load signal
-1
0000 FFFF
Reload data
0000 FFFF
Reload data
UF bit
CNTE bit
TIn pin
TOn pin
Wait for start trigger input
● Gate input operation
The count starts when the count enable bit (CNTE) is "1" and the software trigger bit (TRG) is
also set to "1".
The timer continues counting as long as the trigger input enable level ("L" or "H" selectable)
specified by the operating mode select bits (MOD[2:0]) is input to the TIn pin.
Figure 19.6-8 shows the external gate input operation in one-shot mode.
Figure 19.6-8 Count Operation in One-shot Mode (External Gate Input Operation)
Count clock
Counter
Data load signal
Reload data
-1
-1
0000 FFFF
-1
Reload data
UF bit
CNTE bit
TRG bit
TIn pin
TOn pin
Wait for start trigger input
300
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
19.6.2
Manual
Event Count Mode
In this mode, the 16-bit downcounter counts down each time the valid edge is
detected on the pulses input to the TIn pin, and an interrupt request is output
to the interrupt controller when an underflow occurs ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF"). In
addition, a toggle waveform or square waveform can be output from the TOn
pin.
■ Event Count Mode Setup
The timer requires the register settings shown in Figure 19.6-9 to operate as an event counter.
Figure 19.6-9 Event Count Mode Setup
TMCSRHn
bit7
-
bit6
-
bit5
CSL2
1
bit4
CSL1
1
bit3
CSL0
1
bit2
bit1
bit0
MOD2 MOD1 MOD0
TMCSRLn
bit7
-
bit6
OUTE
bit5
OUTL
bit4
RELD
bit3
INTE
TMRLRHn
bit7
D15
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
D14
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
Set initial value of counter (reload value) (upper)
bit0
D8
TMRLRLn
bit7
D7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
Set initial value of counter (reload value) (lower)
bit0
D0
bit2
UF
bit1
CNTE
1
bit0
TRG
: Used bit
1 : Set to "1"
■ Event Count Mode
The value set in the 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is
reloaded to the 16-bit counter when the count enable bit (CNTE) is set to "1" and the software
trigger bit (TRG) is set to "1". The counter counts each time the valid edge (rising, falling, or
both edges selectable) is detected on the pulses input to the TIn pin (external count clock).
● Operation of reload mode
If the reload select bit (RELD) is "1", the value set in the 16-bit reload timer reload register
ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is reloaded to the 16-bit counter and the count continues when
the 16-bit counter underflows ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF").
The underflow interrupt request flag bit (UF) in the 16-bit reload timer control status register
(lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn) is set to "1" when an underflow occurs ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF") in
the 16-bit counter, and an interrupt request is output if the underflow interrupt enable bit
(INTE) is set to "1".
The TOn pin can output a toggle waveform that is inverted each time an underflow occurs.
Figure 19.6-10 shows the count operation in reload mode.
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 19.6-10 Count Operation in Reload Mode (Event Count Mode)
TIn pin
-1
Counter
Data load signal
Reload data
-1
0000
0000
Reload data
-1
Reload data
-1
0000
Reload data
UF bit
CNTE bit
TRG bit
TOn pin
● Operation of one-shot mode
If the reload select bit (RELD) is "0", the value of the 16-bit counter halts at "0xFFFF" when
the 16-bit counter underflows ("0x0000"  "0xFFFF").
An interrupt request is output when the underflow request flag bit (UF) in the 16-bit reload
timer control status register (lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn) is set to "1" with the underflow interrupt
enable bit (INTE) set to "1".
The TOn pin outputs a square waveform indicating that counting is in progress. Figure 19.6-11
shows the count operation in one-shot mode.
Figure 19.6-11 Counter Operation in One-shot Mode (Event Count Mode)
TIn pin
Counter
Data load signal
-1
0000 FFFF
Reload data
-1
0000 FFFF
Reload data
UF bit
CNTE bit
TRG bit
TOn pin
Wait for start trigger input
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.7 Registers
Ha rdware
19.7
Manual
Registers
This section describes the registers of the 16-bit reload timer.
Table 19.7-1 List of 16-bit Reload Timer Registers
Register
abbreviation
Register name
Reference
TMCSRHn
16-bit reload timer control status register (upper) ch. n
19.7.1
TMCSRLn
16-bit reload timer control status register (lower) ch. n
19.7.2
TMRHn
16-bit reload timer timer register (upper) ch. n
19.7.3
TMRLn
16-bit reload timer timer register (lower) ch. n
19.7.3
TMRLRHn
16-bit reload timer reload register (upper) ch. n
19.7.4
TMRLRLn
16-bit reload timer reload register (lower) ch. n
19.7.4
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19.7 Registers
H ard war e
19.7.1
Ma nu al
16-bit Reload Timer Control Status Register
(Upper) ch. n (TMCSRHn)
The 16-bit reload timer control status register (upper) ch. n (TMCSRHn) sets the
operating mode and operating conditions of the 16-bit reload timer.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
CSL2
CSL1
CSL0
MOD2
MOD1
MOD0
Attribute
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation,
[bit5:3] CSL[2:0]: Count clock select bits
These bits select the count clock for the 16-bit reload timer.
When a value between "0b000" and "0b110" inclusive is written to these bits, the 16-bit reload timer counts
with the internal clock (internal clock mode). The internal clock is generated by the prescaler. For details, see
"3.9 Operation of Prescaler".
When "0b111" is written to these bits, the 16-bit reload timer counts with the edge of the external event clock
(event count mode).
bit5:3
Operating mode
Count clock*
Writing "000"
1 MCLK
Writing "001"
MCLK/2
Writing "010"
MCLK/4
Writing "011"
304
Details
Internal clock mode
MCLK/8
Writing "100"
MCLK/16
Writing "101"
MCLK/32
Writing "110"
FCH/27 or FCRH/26 or FPLL/26
Writing "111"
Event count mode
*: MCLK: machine clock
FCH: main clock
FCRH: main CR clock
FPLL: PLL clock
External clock
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.7 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit2:0] MOD[2:0]: Operating mode select bits
These bits set the operating conditions of the 16-bit reload timer.
• Internal clock mode (CSL[2:0] = any value between 0b000 and 0b110 inclusive)
Select the input pin function with the MOD2 bit.
When the MOD2 bit is "0",
- The TIn pin functions as a trigger input pin.
- Select the edge to be detected using the MOD[1:0] bits.
- When the edge selected in MOD[1:0] is detected, the value set to the 16-bit reload timer reload register
(upper/lower) ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is reloaded to the 16-bit reload timer timer register
(upper/lower) ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn), and the 16-bit reload counter starts counting using
TMRHn/TMRLn.
When the MOD2 bit is "1",
- The TIn pin functions as a gate input pin.
- The setting of the MOD1 bit is invalid.
- Select the valid signal level ("H" or "L") with the MOD0 bit. The 16-bit reload timer counts using
TMRHn/TMRLn only while the valid signal level is being input.
Note: When the MOD[2:0] bits are "0b000", external pin input becomes invalid. In this case, use the TRG
bit to start the 16-bit reload timer by using the software.
Details (Internal clock mode)
bit2:0
Writing "000"
TIn pin function
Valid edge/level
External pin input invalid
—
Writing "001"
Writing "010"
Rising edge
Trigger input
Falling edge
Writing "011"
Both edges
Writing "100"
"L" level
Writing "101"
Writing "110"
"H" level
Gate input
"L" level
Writing "111"
"H" level
• Event count mode (CSL[2:0] = 0b111)
- The MOD2 bit is always set to "0".
- The external event clock is input from the TIn pin.
- Select the edge to be detected using the MOD[1:0] bits.
Details (Event count mode)
bit2:0
Writing "000"
TIn pin function
External pin input invalid
Writing "001"
Writing "010"
Valid edge/level
—
Rising edge
Trigger input
Writing "011"
Falling edge
Both edges
Writing "100"
Writing "101"
Writing "110"
Setting prohibited
Writing "111"
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.7 Registers
H ard war e
19.7.2
Ma nu al
16-bit Reload Timer Control Status Register
(Lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn)
The 16-bit reload timer control status register (lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn) sets the
operating conditions of the 16-bit reload timer, enables or disables counting,
controls interrupts, and checks the interrupt request status.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
OUTE
OUTL
RELD
INTE
UF
CNTE
TRG
Attribute
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] Undefined bit
The read value is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6] OUTE: Timer output enable bit
This bit sets the TOn pin function of the 16-bit reload timer.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
The TOn pin functions as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
The TOn pin functions as the 16-bit reload timer output pin.
[bit5] OUTL: Pin output level select bit
This bit selects the output level of the output pin of the 16-bit reload timer.
bit5
Details
One-shot mode (TMCSRLn:RELD = 0)
Reload mode (TMCSRLn:RELD = 1)
Writing "0"
The output pin outputs "H" level square
waveform while the 16-bit reload timer is
counting.
The output pin outputs "L" when the 16-bit
reload timer is started, and then toggles
whenever an underflow occurs.
Writing "1"
The output pin outputs "L" level square
waveform while the 16-bit reload timer is
counting.
The output pin outputs "H" when the 16-bit
reload timer is started, and then toggles
whenever an underflow occurs.
[bit4] RELD: Reload select bit
This bit selects the reload operation to be executed when an underflow occurs.
When "0" is written to this bit, the 16-bit reload timer enters one-shot mode. In one-shot mode, when an
underflow occurs, the 16-bit reload timer stops counting.
When "1" is written to this bit, the 16-bit reload counter enters reload mode. In reload mode, when an
underflow occurs, the value set to the 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is
loaded to the 16-bit reload timer timer register ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn), and the 16-bit reload timer continues
counting.
bit4
306
Details
Writing "0"
One-shot mode
Writing "1"
Reload mode
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.7 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit3] INTE: Underflow interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables the underflow interrupt.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the underflow interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the underflow interrupt.
[bit2] UF: Underflow interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates whether an underflow has occurred in the 16-bit reload timer.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit2
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no underflow has occurred in the 16-bit reload timer.
Reading "1"
Indicates that an underflow has occurred in the 16-bit reload timer.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit1] CNTE: Count enable bit
This bit enables or disables the counting operation of the 16-bit reload timer.
When "0" is written to this bit, the 16-bit reload timer stops counting.
When "1" is written to this bit, the 16-bit reload timer enters the start trigger wait state. When a start trigger is
input, the 16-bit reload counter starts counting.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the 16-bit reload timer counting operation.
Writing "1"
Enables the 16-bit reload timer counting operation (start trigger wait state).
[bit0] TRG: Software trigger bit
This bit enables using the software to start the 16-bit reload timer, and is valid only when the 16-bit reload
timer operation is enabled (CNTE = 1).
Writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When "1" is written to this bit, the value set to the 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n
(TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) is reloaded to the 16-bit reload timer timer register ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn), and
then the 16-bit reload timer starts counting from the next count clock input.
Note: Writing "1" to this bit and the CNTE bit simultaneously starts the 16-bit reload timer counting
operation.
The read value of this bit is always "0". However, this bit keeps reading "1" from the point at which "1" is
written to this bit to start the 16-bit reload timer to the point at which the 16-bit reload timer starts counting.
bit0
Details
Read access
The read value is always "0".
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
The 16-bit reload timer starts counting from the next count clock input after the value set in
TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn is reloaded to TMRHn/TMRLn.
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.7 Registers
H ard war e
19.7.3
Ma nu al
16-bit Reload Timer Timer Register (Upper/Lower)
ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn)
The 16-bit reload timer timer register (upper/lower) ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn) reads
the count value of the 16-bit downcounter.
■ Register Configuration
TMRHn
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
D15
D14
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
D8
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TMRLn
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
The 16-bit reload timer timer register ch. n reads the count value of the 16-bit downcounter.
If the counting operation has already been enabled (TMCSRLn:CNTE = 1) when the 16-bit
reload timer starts counting, the value set to the 16-bit reload timer reload register is reloaded
to the 16-bit reload timer timer register ch. n, and then the 16-bit reload timer starts
downcounting.
Notes:
• This register can read the count value even during the counting operation of the 16-bit
reload timer. To read this register, use a word transfer instruction, or read the upper
byte of this register first and then its lower byte. The circuit of the 16-bit reload timer
timer register ch. n is configured so that the lower byte value is saved when the upper
byte value is read.
• This register is read-only and located at the same address as the 16-bit reload timer
reload register ch. n. Therefore, a write access to this register becomes a write access
to the 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n.
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.7 Registers
Ha rdware
19.7.4
Manual
16-bit Reload Timer Reload Register
(Upper/Lower) ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn)
The 16-bit reload timer reload register (upper/lower) ch. n (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn)
sets the reload value for the 16-bit downcounter. The value written to this
register is reloaded to the 16-bit downcounter for downcounting.
■ Register Configuration
TMRLRHn
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
D15
D14
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
D8
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TMRLRLn
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
The 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n sets the reload value to be reloaded to the 16-bit
downcounter.
The value set to the 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n is reloaded to the 16-bit
downcounter for downcounting when the 16-bit reload timer starts or when an underflow
occurs. In addition, the value of this register can be modified during the counting operation of
the 16-bit reload timer.
Notes:
• A value can be written to this register even during the counting operation of the 16-bit
reload timer. To write a value to this register, use a word transfer instruction, or write
the upper byte of this register first and then its lower byte. The 16-bit reload timer
reload register ch. n has a circuit configured so that the upper byte value becomes
valid when a value is written to the lower byte.
• This register is write-only and located at the same address as the 16-bit reload timer
timer register ch. n. Therefore, a read access to this register becomes a read access
to the 16-bit reload timer timer register ch. n.
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CHAPTER 19 16-BIT RELOAD TIMER
19.8 Notes on Using 16-bit Reload Timer
H ard war e
19.8
Ma nu al
Notes on Using 16-bit Reload Timer
This section provides notes on using the 16-bit reload timer.
■ Notes on Using 16-bit Reload Timer
● Notes on setting the program
• The 16-bit reload timer timer register ch. n (TMRHn/TMRLn) can read the count value
even during the counting operation of the 16-bit reload timer. To read this register, use a
word transfer instruction, or read the upper byte of this register first and then its lower byte.
• A value can be written to the 16-bit reload timer reload register ch. n (TMRLRHn/
TMRLRLn) even during the counting operation of the 16-bit reload timer. To write a value
to this register, use a word transfer instruction, or write the upper byte of this register first
and then its lower byte.
● Notes on interrupts
With the underflow interrupt request enabled (TMCSRLn:INTE = 1), if the underflow interrupt
request flag bit (UF) in the 16-bit reload timer control status register (lower) ch. n (TMCSRLn)
is set to "1", the CPU cannot wake up from the interrupt service routine. Therefore, always
clear the UF bit in the interrupt service routine.
● Note on the event counter operating in event counter operation mode
When the event counter operates in event counter operation mode, the 16-bit reload timer
cannot be used.
310
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 20
EVENT COUNTER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the event counter.
20.1 Overview
20.2 Configuration
20.3 Operations in Even Counter Operation Mode
20.4 Setting Procedure Example
20.5 Frequency Measurement Range and Frequency
Measurement Precision
20.6 Register
20.7 Notes on Using Event Counter
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.1 Overview
H ard war e
20.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The event counter measures the frequency of an external clock whose measure
period can be set. The 16-bit reload timer and 8/16-bit composite timer ch. 1 are
configured to operate in event counter operation mode of the event counter.
■ Event Counter Operation Mode
In this mode, 8/16-bit composite timer ch.1 is used to generate the "H" pulse signal. The
method of generating the "H" pulse signal is different for each model. For details, refer to the
explanation in "20.3 Operations in Even Counter Operation Mode".
The external clock is gated by the "H" pulse signal generated by 8/16-bit composite timer ch. 1,
and then input to the 16-bit reload timer as a count clock for the 16-bit reload timer. The16-bit
reload timer operates in external clock mode (reload mode). The frequency of the external
clock is calculated based on the measure period set by the interrupt service subroutine of 8/16bit composite timer ch. 1.
Note:
In the following sections of this chapter, the term "composite timer" represents "8/16-bit
composite timer ch. 1" and the term "reload timer" "16-bit reload timer".
312
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
20.2
Manual
Configuration
The event counter consists of the following blocks:
• Reload timer count clock generation circuit
• Composite timer count clock (CK06) selection circuit
• Event counter control register (EVCR)
■ Block Diagram of Event Counter
Figure 20.2-1 Block Diagram of Event Counter
-
EVCR
-
-
-
-
SEL1 SEL0 MD
External clock
"H" pulse signal from
the composite timer
From
time-base
timer
FCH/27
FCRH/26
FCH/29 or
FCRH/28
FCH/211
FCRH/210
Reload timer
count clock
generation circuit
Composite timer
count clock selector
Reload timer count clock (TI)
Composite timer count clock (CK06)
FCH: Main clock
FCRH: Main CR clock
*: In main clock mode, if SYCC:SCS[2:0] are set to “0b010”, the main clock divided by 2 (FCH/2) is used as the count clock;
if SYCC:SCS[2:0] are set to “0b011”, the main PLL clock is used as the count clock.
● Reload timer count clock generation circuit
When the MD bit of the EVCR register is set to "1", the external clock input is gated using the
"H" pulse output from the composite timer, and then it is output to the reload timer as a count
clock. When the MD bit is set to "0", the external clock is output directly to the reload timer as
the external clock.
● Composite timer count clock (CK06) selection circuit
The event counter uses one of the following time-base timer output signals (divided machine
clock signal) as the CK06 count clock according to the settings of the SEL[1:0] bits in the
EVCR register:
1. FCH/27 or FCH/29 or FCH/211 (Main clock mode)
2. Main PLL clock multiplied by a multiple according to the settings of the MPMC[1:0] bits
in the PLLC register
3. FCRH/26, FCRH/28 or FCRH/210 (Main CR clock mode)
4. Main CR PLL clock multiplied by a multiple according to the settings of the MPMC[1:0]
bits in the PLLC register
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Event counter control register (EVCR)
The event counter control register enables or disables the event counter operation mode and
selects a composite timer count clock source (CK06).
314
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.3 Operations in Even Counter Operation Mode
Ha rdware
20.3
Manual
Operations in Even Counter Operation Mode
This section describes the operations in the event counter operation mode.
To make the reload timer and the composite timer function as an event counter (for frequency
measurement), do the settings shown in Figure 20.3-1.
Figure 20.3-1 Settings for Event Counter Operation Mode
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
-
-
-
-
-
SEL1
SEL0
MD
❍
❍
1
Event Counter Register
EVCR
Reload Timer Registers
TMCSRHn
TMCSRLn
-
-
-
CSL2
CSL1
CSL0
MOD2
MOD1
MOD0
1
1
1
❍
❍
❍
OUTE
OUTL
RELD
INTE
UF
CNTE
TRG
×
×
1
❍
❍
1
❍
F2
F1
F0
TMRLRHn
Sets the reload value (upper)
TMRLRLn
Sets the reload value (lower)
Composite Timer Registers
T10CR0/T11CR0
IFE
C2
❍
1
1
0
❍
❍
❍
❍
T10CR1/T11CR1
STA
HO
IE
IR
BF
IF
SO
OE
1
❍
❍
×
×
❍
0
×
TMCR1
TO1
TO0
TIS
MOD
FE11
FE10
FE01
FE00
❍
❍
×
0
×
×
×
×
T10DR
C1
C0
F3
Sets the compare value *1
T11DR
Sets the compare value *1
❍ : Used bit
× : Unused bit
1 : Set to "1"
0 : Set to "0"
*1 If you have selected interval timer mode (continuous mode),
set the interval time in T10DR.
If you have selected PWM timer operation mode (variablecycle mode), set the L-width time in T10DR and the cycle in
T11DR.
In event counter operation mode, since the reload timer and the composite timer are used, they
cannot be used for any other function.
The reload timer operates when event count mode (reload mode) is selected as the operating
mode of the reload timer. To select event count mode (reload mode), set the MOD[2:0] bits in
the TMCSRLn register to one of the following values: "0b001", "0b010" and "0b011", and the
RELD bit in the same register to "1". In addition, enable the reload timer interrupt in order to
record the number of reload timer underflows.
If the composite timer is an MB95710L/770L Series (MB95F714E/F714L/F716E/F716L/
F718E/F718L/F774E/F774L/F776E/F776L/F778E/F778L), it will operate when you select the
composite timer operation mode for the interval timer operation mode (continuous mode). If it
is an MB95710M/770M Series (MB95F714J/F714M/F716J/F716M/F718J/F718M/F774J/
F774M/F776J/F776M/F778J/F778M), it will operate when you select the composite timer
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20.3 Operations in Even Counter Operation Mode
H ard war e
Ma nu al
operation mode for the interval timer operation mode (continuous mode) or PWM timer
operation mode (variable-cycle mode).
To select the interval timer operation mode (continuous mode), set the F[3:0] bit for the
T10CR0 register to "0b0001." To select the PWM timer operation mode (variable-cycle mode),
set this bit to "0b0100."
In addition, set the C[2:0] bit for this register to "0b110" and select the composite timer count
clock source (CK06). In order to calculate the frequency of the external clock, allow a timer 00
interrupt if it is in interval timer operation mode (continuous mode), and a timer 01 interrupt if
it is in PWM timer operation mode (variable-cycle mode).
When the reload timer underflows, record the underflow times and clear the underflow flag
(UF) in the reload timer interrupt service subroutine. In interval timer operation mode
(continuous mode), if a timer 10 interrupt occurs in the composite timer, clear the IF bit for the
T10CR1 register and set the interval time when it happens the first time. When it happens the
second time, clear the IF bit of the T10CR1 register, read the count value for the reload timer,
and calculate the external clock frequency in the interrupt service subroutine. In PWM timer
operation mode (variable-cycle mode), if a timer 11 interrupt occurs in the composite timer,
clear the IF bit for the T11CR1 register, read the reload timer count value, and calculate the
external clock frequency in the interrupt service subroutine.
Figure 20.3-2 shows the operations in the event counter operation mode.
Figure 20.3-2 Operations in Event Counter Operation Mode
External clock
H pulse signal
Reload timer
count clock
Reload timer
counter
reload value
count down
0000
reload value count down
Reload timer
underflow interrupt
Timer interrupt
Notes:
• In reload timer underflow interrupt service subroutine, clear the UF flag, count the times of underflow
and write the reload register with reload value.
• When using interval timer operation mode (continuous mode), in the second timer 10 (composite timer ch.0)
compare match interrupt service subroutine, clear the IF flag, read the reload value, and calculate the frequency.
• When using PWM timer operation mode (variable-cycle mode), in the timer 11 (interrupt timer ch.1)
compare match interrupt service subroutine, clear the IF flag, read the reload value, and calculate the frequency.
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.3 Operations in Even Counter Operation Mode
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 20.3-3 and Figure 20.3-4 show the equation of calculating the external clock frequency.
Figure 20.3-3 Equation For Calculating External Clock Frequency
(When Using Interval Timer Operation Mode (Continuous Mode))
Count value of reload timer
Frequency of external clock =
"H" pulse width
In the above expression:
(count value of reload timer) = Setting of TMRLRH0/TMRLRL0)  (no. of underflows)  (Setting of TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn)  (read value of TMRHn/TMRLn)
(T10DR setting value + 1)
("H" pulse width) =
(frequency of composite timer count clock source)
Figure 20.3-4 Equation For Calculating External Clock Frequency
(When Using PWM Timer Operation Mode (Variable-Cycle Mode))
Count value of reload timer
Frequency of external clock =
“H” pulse width of PWM signal
In the above expression:
(count value of reload timer) = Setting of TMRLRH0/TMRLRL0) × (no. of underflows) + (Setting of TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn) − (read value of TMRHn/TMRLn)
(“H” pulse width of PWM signal) =
(Setting of T11DR - Setting of T10DR)
(frequency of composite timer count clock source)
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20.4 Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
20.4
Ma nu al
Setting Procedure Example
This section provides examples of procedures for setting different event
counter functions.
When using interval timer operation mode (continuous mode)
(Both the MB95710L/770L Series and MB95710M/770M Series)
■ Initial Settings
1. Select an event counter mode. (EVCR:MD)
2. Select a composite timer count clock source CK06. (EVCR:SEL[1:0])
3. Set the respective interrupt levels of the reload timer and the composite timer. (ILR)
4. Set the reload value of the reload timer. (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn)
5. Select a count clock for the reload timer. (TMCSRHn:CSL[2:0])
6. Select a reload timer operating mode. (TMCSRHn:MOD[2:0])
7. Select a reload mode. (TMCSRLn:RELD)
8. Enable the underflow interrupt (TMCSRLn:INTE)
9. Enable the counting of the reload timer. (TMCSRLn:CNTE)
10. Generate a software trigger. (TMCSRLn:TRG=1)
11. Select a composite timer operating mode. (T10CR0:F[3:0])
12. Select a composite timer count clock. (T10CR0:C[2:0])
13. Set the interval time for the composite timer. (T10DR)*(L width setting)
14. Enable the interrupt of timer 10. (T10CR1:IE)
15. Start the operation of the composite timer. (T10CR1:STA)
■ Interrupt Processing in the Reload Timer
1. Clear the underflow interrupt request flag. (TMCSRLn:UF)
2. Disable the underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE)
3. Record the number of underflows.
4. Enable the underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE)
■ First Interrupt Process in the Composite Timer (Timer 10)
1. Clear the interrupt request flag. (T10CR1:IF)
2. Disable the interrupt. (T10CR1:IE)
3. Set the interval time for the composite timer. (T10DR)*(H width settings)
4. Enable the interrupt. (T10CR1:IE)
■ Second Interrupt Process in the Composite Timer (Timer 10)
1. Clear the interrupt request flag. (T10CR1:IF)
2. Disable the interrupt. (T10CR1:IE)
3. Read the counter value of the reload timer. (TMRHn, TMRLn)
4. Calculate the external clock frequency.
5. Set the interval time for the composite timer. (T10DR)*(L width settings)
6. Enable the interrupt. (T10CR1:IE)
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.4 Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
Note:
In the initial settings, set the interval time to a time that is possible in the interrupt service
subroutine processing for the first composite timer interrupt process.
Set the "H" pulse width in the interval time setting for the first composite timer interrupt
process.
Set the interval time setting for the second composite timer interrupt process to a time for
which the external clock frequency can be calculated in the interrupt service subroutine.
When measuring the frequency consecutively, replace the first composite timer interrupt
process with the odd number process and the second composite timer interrupt process
with the even number process.
Set the initial bit (T10CR1:SO) value for the timer output to "0". When 1 is set, the "H"
pulse duration may be shortened by a maximum of one count clock interval.
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20.4 Setting Procedure Example
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Ma nu al
When using PWM timer operation mode (variable-cycle mode)
(MB95710M/770M Series only)
■ Initial Settings
1. Select an event counter mode. (EVCR:MD)
2. Select a composite timer count clock source CK06/CK16. (EVCR:SEL[1:0])
3. Set the respective interrupt levels of the reload timer and the composite timer. (ILR)
4. Set the reload value of the reload timer. (TMRLRHn/TMRLRLn)
5. Select a count clock for the reload timer. (TMCSRHn:CSL[2:0])
6. Select a reload timer operating mode. (TMCSRHn:MOD[2:0])
7. Select a reload mode. (TMCSRLn:RELD)
8. Enable the underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE)
9. Enable the counting of the reload timer. (TMCSRLn:CNTE)
10. Generate a software trigger. (TMCSRLn:TRG = 1)
11. Select a composite timer operating mode. (T10CR0/T11CR0:F[3:0])
12. Select a composite timer count clock. (T10CR0/T11CR0:C[2:0])
13. Set the L width and cycle for the PWM timer. (T10DR/T11DR)
14. Enable the interrupt of timer 11. (T11CR1:IE)
15. Start the operation of the composite timer. (T10CR1/T11CR1:STA)
■ Interrupt Processing in Reload Timer
1. Clear the underflow interrupt request flag. (TMCSRLn:UF)
2. Disable the underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE)
3. Record the number of underflows.
4. Enable the underflow interrupt. (TMCSRLn:INTE)
■ Interrupt Processing in Composite Timer (Timer 11)
1. Clear the interrupt request flag. (T11CR1:IF)
2. Disable the interrupt. (T11CR1:IE)
3. Read the counter value of the reload timer. (TMRHn, TMRLn)
4. Calculate the external clock frequency.
5. Enable the interrupt. (T11CR1:IE)
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.5 Frequency Measurement Range and Frequency
Measurement Precision
Ha rdware
20.5
Manual
Frequency Measurement Range and Frequency
Measurement Precision
This section describes the frequency measurement range and frequency
measurement precision of the event counter.
■ Frequency Measurement Range
The maximum measurable frequency is determined by the peripheral function clock. When the
frequency of the peripheral function clock is FPCLK, the maximum measurable frequency is
FPCLK/4.
The minimum measurable frequency is determined by the measurement period to ensure the
frequency measurement precision.
■ Frequency Measurement Precision
The frequency measurement precision is determined by the main clock frequency and the
precision of the reload timer counter. The more the reload timer counter counts, the more
precise the frequency to be calculated becomes.
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20.6 Register
H ard war e
20.6
Ma nu al
Register
This section describes the register of the event counter.
Table 20.6-1 List of Event Counter Register
Register
abbreviation
EVCR
322
Register name
Event counter control register
Reference
20.6.1
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.6 Register
Ha rdware
20.6.1
Manual
Event Counter Control Register (EVCR)
The event counter control register (EVCR) enables or disables the event
counter operation mode, and selects a count clock from the CK06 clock
sources of the composite timer.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
—
—
SEL1
SEL0
MD
Attribute
—
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:3] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation,
[bit2:1] SEL[1:0]: Composite timer count clock (CK06) select bits
These bits select a composite timer count clock (CK06).
The count clock is generated by the prescaler. See "3.9 Operation of Prescaler".
When both the operation of the composite timer and the counting operation of the reload timer have been
enabled (T10CR1/T11CR1:STA = 1, TMCSRLn:CNTE=1), the write access to the SEL[1:0] bits is
prohibited.
The settings of the SEL[1:0] bits are effective even when the MD bit in the EVCR register is set to "0".
The count clock supplied from the time-base timer is used as the count clock for the composite timer.
Depending on the settings of the SYCC register, the count clock from the time-base timer is generated from
either main clock or main CR clock. When the count clock from the time-base timer is used as the count
clock for the composite timer, resetting the time-base timer by writing "1" to the time-base timer clear bit in
the time-base timer control register (TBTC:TCLR) affects the count time.
Details
(FCH: main clock, FCRH: main CR clock)
bit2:1
Writing "00"
FCH/27 or FCRH/26*
Writing "01"
FCH/29 or FCRH/28*
Writing "10"
FCH/211 or FCRH/210*
Writing "11"
FCH/27 or FCRH/26*
*: The clock to be used as the composite timer count clock is determined by the settings of the SYCC
register. In the case of using the main clock or the main PLL clock as the composite timer count clock,
the settings of PLLC:MPMC[1:0] determine whether the main clock divided by two (FCH/2) or the
main PLL clock is to be used as the composite timer count clock.
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20.6 Register
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[bit0] MD: Event counter operation mode select bit
This bit enables or disables the event counter operation mode.
Writing "0" to this bit disables the event counter operation mode. When the event counter operation mode is
disabled, the composite timer and the reload timer operate independently.
Writing "1" to this bit enables the event counter operation mode. When the event counter operation mode is
enabled, the composite timer and the reload timer operate together to perform the event counter function.
When both the operation of the composite timer (T10CR1/T11CR1:STA = 1) and the counting operation of
the reload timer are enabled (TMCSRLn:CNTE = 1), the write access to the MD bit is prohibited.
bit0
324
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the event counter operation mode.
Writing "1"
Enables the event counter operation mode.
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CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.7 Notes on Using Event Counter
Ha rdware
20.7
Manual
Notes on Using Event Counter
This section provides notes on using the event counter.
•
Before switching the event counter operation mode by using the MD bit in the EVCR
register, do the following operations:
(1) Stop the composite timer (T10CR1/T11CR1:STA = 0) and the reload timer
(TMCSRLn:CNTE = 0).
(2) Clear the interrupt flag bits in the composite timer (T10CR1/T11CR1:IF, IR) and the
reload timer (TMCSRLn:UF), and the interrupt request enable bits in the composite
timer (T10CR0/T11CR0:IFE, T10CR1/T11CR1:IE) and the reload timer
(TMCSRLn:UF).
•
Set the output time for the L level of the composite timer to a width at which the external
clock frequency can be calculated in the interrupt service subroutine.
•
In the MB95710L/770L Series, do not select the PWM timer operation mode (variablecycle mode) as the "H" pulse output function of the event counter.
•
If you select the interval timer mode (continuous mode) for the "H" pulse output function,
set the initial bit value (T10CR1:SO) for the timer output to "0". If 1 is set, the "H" pulse
duration may be shortened by a maximum of one count clock interval.
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20.7 Notes on Using Event Counter
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 21
UART/SIO
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of UART/SIO.
21.1 Overview
21.2 Configuration
21.3 Channel
21.4 Pins
21.5 Interrupts
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
21.7 Registers
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.1 Overview
H ard war e
21.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The UART/SIO is a general-purpose serial data communication interface. Serial
data transfers of variable-length data can be made with a synchronous or
asynchronous clock. The transfer format is NRZ. The transfer rate can be set
with the dedicated baud rate generator or external clock (in clock synchronous
mode).
■ Functions of UART/SIO
The UART/SIO is capable of serial data transmission/reception (serial input/output) to and
from another CPU or peripheral device.
•
Equipped with a full-duplex double buffer that allows 2-way full-duplex communication.
•
The synchronous or asynchronous transfer mode can be selected.
•
The optimum baud rate can be selected with the dedicated baud rate generator.
•
The data length is variable; it can be set to 5 bit to 8 bit when no parity is used or to 6 bit to
9 bit when parity is used. (See Table 21.1-1.)
•
The serial data direction (endian) can be selected.
•
The data transfer format is NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero).
•
Two operation modes (operation modes 0 and 1) are available.
Operation mode 0 operates as asynchronous clock mode (UART).
Operation mode 1 operates as clock synchronous mode (SIO).
Table 21.1-1 UART/SIO Operation Modes
Data length
Operation mode
0
1
328
No parity
With parity
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
5
-
6
-
7
-
8
-
Synchronization
mode
Length of stop bit
Asynchronous
1 bit or 2 bits
Synchronous
-
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
21.2
Manual
Configuration
The UART/SIO consists of the following blocks:
• UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n)
• UART/SIO serial mode control register 2 ch. n (SMC2n)
• UART/SIO serial status and data register ch. n (SSRn)
• UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n (RDRn)
• UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn)
The number of pins and that of channels of the UART/SIO vary among products. For details,
refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
For details of pin names, register names and register abbreviations of a product, refer to the
device data sheet.
■ Block Diagram of UART/SIO
Figure 21.2-1 Block Diagram of UART/SIO
PER
State from
each block
Reception
state
decision
circuit
OVE
FER
RDRF
RIE
Dedicated baud rate generator
1/4
External clock input
UCKn
Reception
interrupt
TDRE
Clock
selector
State from
each block
Pin
Transmission state
decision
circuit
TEIE
TCPL
Transmission
interrupt
TCIE
Serial clock output
Serial data input
UIn
Reception bit
count
Shift
register
for
reception
Pin
Data sample clock input
Serial data output
UOn
Pin
UART/SIO
serial
status and
data register
Parity
operation
Shift
register
for transmission
Parity
operation
UART/SIO
serial
output data
register
Transmission bit
count
Port control
Set to
each block
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
UART/SIO
serial
input data
register
Internal bus
Start
bit
detection
UART/SIO
serial
mode
control
registers
1, 2
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.2 Configuration
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Ma nu al
● UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n)
This register controls UART/SIO operation mode. It is used to set the serial data direction
(endian), parity and its polarity, stop bit length, operation mode (synchronous/asynchronous),
data length, and serial clock.
● UART/SIO serial mode control register 2 ch. n (SMC2n)
This register controls UART/SIO operation mode. It is used to enable/disable serial clock
output, serial data output, transmission/reception, and interrupts and to clear the receive error
flag.
● UART/SIO serial status and data register ch. n (SSRn)
This register indicates the transmission/reception status and error status of UART/SIO.
● UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n (RDRn)
This register holds the receive data. The serial input is converted and then stored in this
register.
● UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn)
This register sets the transmit data. Data written to this register is serial-converted and then
output.
■ Input Clock
The UART/SIO uses the output clock (internal clock) from the dedicated baud rate generator or
the input signal (external clock) from the UCKn pin as its input clock (serial clock).
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.3 Channel
Ha rdware
21.3
Manual
Channel
This section describes the channel of UART/SIO.
■ Channel of UART/SIO
Table 21.3-1 and Table 21.3-2 show the pins and registers of UART/SIO respectively.
Table 21.3-1 Pins of UART/SIO
Pin name
Pin function
UCKn
Clock input/output
UOn
Data output
UIn
Data input
Table 21.3-2 Registers of UART/SIO
Register
abbreviation
SMC1n
Corresponding register (Name in this manual)
UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n
SMC2n
UART/SIO serial mode control register 2 ch. n
SSRn
UART/SIO serial status and data register ch. n
TDRn
UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n
RDRn
UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n
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21.4 Pins
H ard war e
21.4
Ma nu al
Pins
This section describes the pins of the UART/SIO.
■ Pins of UART/SIO
The pins of UART/SIO are the clock input and output pin (UCKn), serial data output pin
(UOn) and serial data input pin (UIn).
● UCKn
Clock input/output pin for UART/SIO.
When the clock output is enabled (SMC2n:SCKE=1), it serves as a UART/SIO clock output
pin (UCKn) regardless of the value of the corresponding port direction register. At this time, do
not select the external clock (set SMC1n:CKS = 0).
When it is to be used as a UART/SIO clock input pin, disable the clock output
(SMC2n:SCKE = 0) and make sure that it is set as input port by the corresponding port
direction register. At this time, be sure to select the external clock (set SMC1n:CKS = 0).
● UOn
Serial data output pin for UART/SIO. When the serial data output is enabled (SMC2n:TXOE =
1), it serves as a UART/SIO serial data output pin (UOn) regardless of the value of the
corresponding port direction register.
● UIn
Serial data input pin for UART/SIO. When it is to be used as a UART/SIO serial data input
pin, make sure that it is set as input port by the corresponding port direction register.
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.5 Interrupts
Ha rdware
21.5
Manual
Interrupts
The UART/SIO has six interrupt-related bits: receive error flag bits (PER, OVE,
FER), receive data register full flag bit (RDRF), transmit data register empty flag
bit (TDRE), and transmission completion flag bit (TCPL).
■ Interrupts of UART/SIO
Table 21.5-1 lists the UART/SIO interrupt control bits and interrupt sources.
Table 21.5-1 UART/SIO Interrupt Control Bits and Interrupt Sources
Item
Interrupt request
flag bit
Interrupt request
enable bit
Interrupt source
Description
SSRn:TDRE
SSRn:TCPL
SSRn:RDRF
SSRn:PER
SSRn:OVE
SSRn:FER
SMC2n:TEIE
SMC2n:TCIE
SMC2n:RIE
SMC2n:RIE
SMC2n:RIE
SMC2n:RIE
Transmit data
register empty
Transmission
completion
Receive data full
Parity error
Overrun error
Framing error
■ Transmit Interrupt
When transmit data is written to the UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn), the
data is transferred to the transmission shift register. When the next piece of data can be written,
the TDRE bit is set to "1". At this time, an interrupt request to the interrupt controller occurs
when transmit data register empty interrupt enable bit has been enabled (SMC2n:TEIE = 1).
The TCPL bit is set to "1" upon completion of transmission of all pieces of transmit data. At
this time, an interrupt request to the interrupt controller occurs when transmission completion
interrupt enable bit has been enabled (SMC2n:TCIE = 1).
■ Receive Interrupt
If the data is input successfully up to the stop bit, the RDRF bit is set to "1". If an overrun
error, a parity error, or a framing error occurs, the corresponding error flag bit (PER, OVE, or
FER) is set to "1".
These bits are set when a stop bit is detected. If receive interrupt enable bit has been enabled
(SMC2n:RIE = 1), an interrupt request to the interrupt controller will be generated.
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21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
21.6
Ma nu al
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
The UART/SIO has a serial communication function (operation mode 0, 1).
■ Operations of UART/SIO
● Operation mode
Two operation modes are available in the UART/SIO. Clock synchronous mode (SIO) or clock
asynchronous mode (UART) can be selected (See Table 21.6-1).
Table 21.6-1 Operation Modes of UART/SIO
Data length
Operation mode
No parity
With parity
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
5
-
6
-
7
-
8
-
0
1
Synchronization
mode
Length of stop bit
Asynchronous
1 bit or 2 bits
Synchronous
-
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the UART/SIO.
● Initial setup
1. Set the port input. (DDR)
2. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
3. Set the prescaler. (PSSRn)
4. Set the baud rate. (BRSRn)
5. Select the clock. (SMC1n:CKS)
6. Set the operation mode. (SMC1n:MD)
7. Enable/disable the serial clock output. (SMC2n:SCKE)
8. Enable reception. (SMC2n:RXE = 1)
9. Enable interrupts. (SMC2n:RIE = 1)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Interrupt processing
Read receive data. (RDRn)
334
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
21.6.1
Manual
Operations in Operation Mode 0
Operation mode 0 operates as clock asynchronous mode (UART).
■ Operations in UART/SIO Operation Mode 0
Clock asynchronous mode (UART) is selected when the MD bit in the UART/SIO serial mode
control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n) is set to "0".
● Baud rate
The serial clock is selected by the CKS bit in the SMC1n register. Be sure to select the
dedicated baud rate generator at this time.
The baud rate is equivalent to the output clock frequency of the dedicated baud rate generator,
divided by four. The UART can perform communication within the range from 3% to 3% of
the selected baud rate.
The baud rate generated by the dedicated baud rate generator is obtained from the equation
illustrated below. (For information about the dedicated baud rate generator, see "CHAPTER 22
UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR".)
Figure 21.6-1 Baud Rate Calculation when Using Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Machine clock (MCLK)
Baud rate value =
[bps]
1
2
4
8
4
UART prescaler select register (PSSRn)
Prescaler select (PSS[1:0])

2
:
255
UART baud rate setting register (BRSRn)
Baud rate setting (BRS[7:0])
Table 21.6-2 Sample Asynchronous Transfer Rates Based on Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
(Machine clock = 10 MHz, 16 MHz, 16.25 MHz)
Dedicated baud rate generator setting
Prescaler select
PSS[1:0]
1 (Setting value: 0,0)
1 (Setting value: 0,0)
1 (Setting value: 0,0)
1 (Setting value: 0,0)
1 (Setting value: 0,0)
2 (Setting value: 0,1)
4 (Setting value: 1,0)
8 (Setting value: 1,1)
Baud rate
Baud rate
Baud rate
Internal
Total division ratio
(10 MHz /
(16 MHz /
(16.25 MHz /
Baud rate counter UART (PSS  BRS  4) Total division Total division Total division
setting BRS[7:0] division
ratio)
ratio)
ratio)
20
22
44
87
130
130
130
130
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
80
88
176
348
520
1040
2080
4160
125000
113636
56818
28736
19231
9615
4808
2404
200000
181818
90909
45977
30769
15385
7692
3846
203125
184659
92330
46695
31250
15625
7813
3906
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
The baud rate in clock asynchronous mode (UART) can be set in the following range.
Table 21.6-3 Baud Rate Setting Range in Clock Asynchronous Mode (UART)
PSS[1:0]
BRS[7:0]
0b00 to 0b11
0x02 (2) to 0xFF (255)
● Transfer data format
UART can treat data only in NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero) format. Figure 21.6-2 shows the data
format.
The character bit length can be selected from among 5 to 8 bits depending on the settings of
SMC1n:CBL[1:0].
The stop bit length can be set to 1 or 2 bits depending on the setting of SMC1n:SBL.
The PEN bit and TDP bit in the SMC1n register can be used to enable/disable parity and to
select parity polarity.
As shown in Figure 21.6-2, the transfer data always starts from the start bit ("L" level) and ends
with the stop bit ("H" level) by performing the specified data bit length transfer with MSB first
or LSB first ("LSB first" or "MSB first" can be selected by the BDS bit in the SMC1n register).
It becomes "H" level at the idle state.
Figure 21.6-2 Transfer Data Format
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
SP
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
SP
SP
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
P
SP
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
P
SP
Without P
5-bit data
With P
SP
Note: 6-bit data and 7-bit data have the same data format as 5-bit data.
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
SP
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
SP
SP
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
P
SP
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
P
SP
Without P
8-bit data
With P
SP
ST : Start bit
SP : Stop bit
P : Parity bit
D0 to D7: Data. The sequence can be selected from "LSB first" or "MSB first" by the
direction control register (BDS bit)
336
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
● Reception in asynchronous clock mode (UART)
Use UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n) to select the serial data direction
(endian), parity/non-parity, parity polarity, stop bit length, character bit length, and clock.
Reception remains performed as long as the reception operation enable bit (SMC2n:RXE)
contains "1".
Upon detection of a start bit in receive data with the RXE bit set to "1", one frame of data is
received according to the data format set in UART/SIO serial control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n).
When the reception of one frame of data has been completed, the received data is transferred to
the UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n (RDRn) and the next frame of serial data can be
received.
When the RDRn register stores data, the receive data register full flag bit (SSRn:RDRF) is set
to "1".
A receive interrupt occurs the moment the RDRF bit is set to "1" when the receive interrupt
enable bit (SMC2n:RIE) contains "1".
Received data is read from the RDRn register after each error flag (PER, OVE, FER) in the
UART/SIO serial status and data register ch. n (SSRn) is checked.
When received data is read from the RDRn register, the RDRF bit is cleared to "0".
Note that modifying the SMC1n register during reception may result in unpredictable
operation. If the RXE bit is set to "0" during reception, the reception is immediately disabled
and initialization will be performed. The data received up to that point will not be transferred to
the serial input data register.
Figure 21.6-3 Receive Operation in Asynchronous Clock Mode
RXE
UIn
St
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Sp Sp St
D0 D1 D2
RDRn
read
RDRF
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21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Receive error in asynchronous clock mode (UART)
If any of the following three error flags (PER, FER, OVE) has been set, receive data is not
transferred to the UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n (RDRn) and the receive data
register full flag bit (RDRF) is not set to "1" either.
•
Parity error (PER)
The parity error bit (PER) is set to "1" if the parity bit in received serial data does not match
the parity polarity bit (TDP) when the parity control bit (PEN) contains "1".
•
Framing error (FER)
The framing error bit (FER) is set to "1" if "1" is not detected at the position of the first stop
bit in serial data received in the set character bit length (CBL) under parity control (PEN).
Note that the stop bit is not checked if it appears at the second bit or later.
•
Overrun error (OVE)
Upon completion of reception of serial data, the overrun error bit (OVE) is set to "1" if the
reception of the next data is performed before the previous receive data is read.
Each flag is set at the position of the first stop bit.
Figure 21.6-4 Setting Timing for Receive Errors
UIn
D5
D6
D7
P
SP
SP
PER
OVE
FER
Receive
interrupt
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
● Start bit detection and confirmation of receive data during reception
The start bit is detected by a falling of the serial input followed by a succession of three "L"
levels after the serial data input is sampled according to the clock (BRCLK) signal provided by
the dedicated baud rate generator with the reception operation enable bit (RXE) set to "1".
When the first "H", "L", "L", "L" train is detected in a BRCLK sample, therefore, the current
bit is regarded as the start bit.
The frequency-quartered circuit is activated upon detection of the start bit and serial data is
input to the reception shift register at intervals of four periods of BRCLK.
When data is received, sampling is performed at three points of the baud rate clock (BRCLK)
and data sampling clock (DSCLK) and received data is confirmed on a majority basis when
two bits out of three match.
Figure 21.6-5 Start Bit Detection and Serial Data Input
RXE
Start bit
Serial data input
D0
(UIn)
D1
Baud rate clock
(BRCLK)
"H"
"L"
"L"
"L"
"L"
Start bit detection
Counter divided by 4
X
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
Data sampling clock
(DSCLK)
Sampling at three points to determine "0" or "1" on a majority basis
when two bits out of three match
Reception shift register
X
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D1
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Transmission in asynchronous clock mode
Use UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n) to select the serial data direction
(endian), parity/non-parity, parity polarity, stop bit length, character bit length, and clock.
Either of the following two procedures can be used to initiate the transmission process:
•
Set the transmission operation enable bit (TXE) to "1", and then write transmit data to the
UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn) to start transmission.
•
Write transmit data to the UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn), and then set
the transmission operation enable bit (TXE) to "1" to start transmission.
Transmit data is written to the TDRn register after it is checked that the transmit data register
empty flag bit (TDRE) set to "1".
When the transmit data is written to the TDRn register, the TDRE bit is cleared to "0".
The transmit data is transferred from the TDRn register to the transmission shift register, and
the TDRE bit is set to "1".
When the transmit interrupt enable bit (TIE) contains "1", a transmit interrupt occurs if the
TDRE bit is set to "1". This allows the next piece of transmit data to be written to the TDRn
register by interrupt handling.
To detect the completion of serial transmission by transmit interrupt, set the transmission
completion interrupt enable bits as follows: TEIE = 0, TCIE = 1. Upon completion of
transmission, the transmission completion flag bit (SSRn:TCPL) is set to "1" and a transmit
interrupt occurs.
The TCPL bit, and the TDRE bit in consecutive data transmission are set at the position which
the transmission of the last bit was completed (it varies depending on the data length, parity
enable, or stop bit length setting), as shown in Figure 21.6-6.
Note that modifying UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n) during
transmission may result in unpredictable operation.
Figure 21.6-6 Transmission in Asynchronous Clock Mode (UART)
UOn
D5
D6
D7
P
SP
SP
TCPL
TDRE
Transmit
interrupt
When the STOP bit length is set to 1 bit
340
When the STOP bit length is set to 2 bits
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
The TDRE bit is set at the point indicated in Figure 21.6-7 or Figure 21.6-8 if the preceding
piece of transmit data does not exist in the transmission shift register.
Figure 21.6-7 Setting Timing 1 for Transmit Data Register Empty Flag Bit (TDRE)
(When TXE Is "1")
TXE = “1”
Writing of
transmit data
UOn
D0
D1
D2
D3
TDRE
Transmit
interrupt
Data transfer from UART/SIO serial output data register (TDRn) to transmission
shift register is performed in one machine clock (MCLK) cycle.
Figure 21.6-8 Setting Timing 2 for Transmit Data Register Empty Flag Bit (TDRE)
(When TXE Is Switched from "0" to "1")
TXE
Writing of
transmit data
UOn
D0
D1
D2
D3
TDRE
Transmit
interrupt
● Concurrent transmission and reception
In asynchronous clock mode (UART), transmission and reception can be performed
independently. Therefore, transmission and reception can be performed at the same time or
even with transmitting and receiving frames overlapping each other in shifted phases.
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21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
21.6.2
Ma nu al
Operations in Operation Mode 1
Operation mode 1 operates in clock synchronous mode (SIO).
■ Operations in UART/SIO Operation Mode 1
Setting the MD bit in the UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n) to "1"
selects synchronous clock mode (SIO).
The character bit length in synchronous clock mode (SIO) is variable between 5 bits and 8 bits.
Note, however, that parity is disabled and no stop bit is used.
The serial clock is selected by the CKS bit in the SMC1n register. Select the dedicated baud
rate generator or external clock. The SIO performs shift operation using the selected serial
clock as a shift clock.
To input the external clock signal, set the SCKE bit to "0".
To output the dedicated baud rate generator output as a shift clock signal, set the SCKE bit to
"1". The serial clock signal is obtained by dividing clock by two, which is supplied by the
dedicated baud rate generator. The baud rate in the SIO mode can be set in the following range.
(For more information about the dedicated baud rate generator, also see "CHAPTER 22
UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR".)
Table 21.6-4 Baud Rate Setting Range in Clock Synchronous Mode (SIO)
PSS[1:0]
BRS[7:0]
0b00 to 0b11
0x01(1) to 0xFF(255), 0x00(256)
(The highest and lowest baud rate settings are 0x01 and 0x00, respectively.)
The baud rate applied when the external clock or dedicated baud rate generator is used is
obtained from the corresponding equation illustrated below.
Figure 21.6-9 Calculating Baud Rate Based on External Clock
1
Baud rate value =
[bps]
External clock*
More than 4 machine clock
*: External clock
More than 4 machine clock
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 21.6-10 Baud Rate Calculation Formula for Using Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Machine clock (MCLK)
Baud rate value =
[bps]
2
1
2
4
8
UART prescaler select register ch. n (PSSRn)
Prescaler select (PSS[1:0])

1
:
256
UART baud rate setting register ch. n (BRSRn)
Baud rate setting (BRS[7:0])
● Serial clock
The serial clock signal is output under control of the output for transmit data. When only
reception is performed, therefore, set transmission control (TXE = 1) to write dummy transmit
data to the UART/SIO serial output register. Refer to the device data sheet for the UCKn clock
value.
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Reception in UART/SIO operation mode 1
For reception in operation mode 1, each register is used as shown below.
Figure 21.6-11 Registers Used for Reception in Operation Mode 1
SMC1n (UART/SIO serial mode control register 1)
bit7
BDS
bit6
PEN

bit5
TDP

bit4
SBL

bit3
CBL1
bit2
CBL0
bit1
CKS
bit0
MD
1
bit4
RXE
bit3
TXE
bit2
RIE
bit1
TCIE

bit0
TEIE

bit4
OVE
bit3
FER

bit2
RDRF
bit1
TCPL

bit0
TDRE

bit4
TD4

bit3
TD3

bit2
TD2

bit1
TD1

bit0
TD0

bit4
RD4
bit3
RD3
bit2
RD2
bit1
RD1
bit0
RD0
SMC2n (UART/SIO serial mode control register 2)
bit7
SCKE
bit6
TXOE
0
bit5
RERC
SSRn (UART/SIO serial status and data register)
bit7

bit6

bit5
PER

TDRn (UART/SIO serial output data register)
bit7
TD7

bit6
TD6

bit5
TD5

RDRn (UART/SIO serial input data register)
bit7
RD7
bit6
RD6
bit5
RD5
: Used bit
 : Unused bit
1 : Set to "1"
0 : Set to "0"
The reception depends on whether the serial clock has been set to external or internal clock.
<When external clock is enabled>
When the reception operation enable bit (RXE) contains "1", serial data is received always at
the rising edge of the external clock signal.
<When internal clock is enabled>
The serial clock signal is output in accordance with transmission. Therefore, transmission
must be performed even when only performing reception. The following two procedures can
be used.
344
•
Set the transmission operation enable bit (TXE) to "1", then write transmit data to the
UART/SIO serial output data register to generate the serial clock signal and start reception.
•
Write transmit data to the TDRn register, then set the TXE bit to "1" to generate the serial
clock signal and start reception.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
When 5-bit to 8-bit serial data is received by the reception shift register, the received data is
transferred to the UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n (RDRn) and the next piece of serial
data can be received.
When the RDRn register stores data, the receive data register full flag bit (RDRF) is set to "1".
A receive interrupt occurs the moment the RDRF bit is set to "1" when the receive interrupt
enable bit (RIE) contains "1".
To read received data, read it from the RDRn register after checking the overrun error flag bit
(OVE) in the UART/SIO serial status and data register ch. n (SSRn).
When received data is read from the RDRn register, the RDRF bit is cleared to "0".
Figure 21.6-12 8-bit Reception of Synchronous Clock Mode
UCKn
UIn
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
Read to RDRn
RDRF
Interrupt to interrupt controller
Operation when receive error occurs
When an overrun error (OVE = 1) occurs, received data is not transferred to the RDRn
register.
Overrun error (OVE = 1)
Upon completion of reception for serial data, the OVE bit is set to "1" if the RDRF bit has
been set to "1" by the reception for the preceding piece of data.
Figure 21.6-13 Overrun Error
UCKn
UIn
...
...
...
D0 D1 ... D6 D7
D0 D1 ... D6 D7
D0 D1 ... D6 D7
Read to
RDRn
RDRF
OVE
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Transmission in UART/SIO operation mode 1
For transmission in operation mode 1, each register is used as shown below.
Figure 21.6-14 Registers Used for Transmission in Operation Mode 1
SMC1n (UART/SIO serial mode control register 1)
bit7
BDS
bit6
PEN

bit5
TDP

bit4
SBL

bit3
CBL1
bit2
CBL0
bit1
CKS
bit0
MD
1
bit4
RXE

bit3
TXE
bit2
RIE

bit1
TCIE
bit0
TEIE
bit4
OVE

bit3
FER

bit2
RDRF

bit1
TCPL
bit0
TDRE
bit4
TD4
bit3
TD3
bit2
TD2
bit1
TD1
bit0
TD0
bit4
RD4

bit3
RD3

bit2
RD2

bit1
RD1

bit0
RD0

SMC2n (UART/SIO serial mode control register 2)
bit7
SCKE
bit6
TXOE
1
bit5
RERC

SSRn (UART/SIO serial status and data register)
bit7

bit6

bit5
PER

TDRn (UART/SIO serial output data register)
bit7
TD7
bit6
TD6
bit5
TD5
RDRn (UART/SIO serial input data register)
bit7
RD7

bit6
RD6

bit5
RD5

: Used bit
 : Unused bit
1 : Set to "1"
0 : Set to "0"
The following two procedures can be used to initiate the transmission process:
•
Set the transmission operation enable bit (TXE) to "1", then write transmit data to the
TDRn register to start transmission.
•
Write transmit data to the TDRn register, then set the TXE bit to "1" to start transmission.
Transmit data is written to the TDRn register after it is checked that the transmit data register
empty flag bit (TDRE) is set to "1".
When the transmit data is written to the TDRn register, the TDRE bit is cleared to "0".
When serial transmission is started after transmit data is transferred from the TDRn register to
the transmission shift register, the TDRE bit is set to "1".
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
Manual
When the use of the external clock signal has been set, serial data transmission starts at the fall
of the first serial clock signal after the transmission process is started.
A transmission completion interrupt occurs the moment the TDRE bit is set to "1" when the
transmit interrupt enable bit (TIE) contains "1". At this time, the next piece of transmit data can
be written to the TDRn register. Serial transmission can be continued with the TXE bit set to
"1".
To use a transmission completion interrupt to detect the completion of serial transmission,
enable transmission completion interrupt output this way: TEIE = 0, TCIE = 1. Upon
completion of transmission, the transmission completion flag bit (SSRn:TCPL) is set to "1" and
a transmission completion interrupt occurs.
Figure 21.6-15 8-bit Transmission in Synchronous Clock Mode
Writing
to TDRn
UCKn
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
UIn
TDRE
TCPL
Interrupt
to interrupt
controller
After falling of UCKn Interrupt
when external clock to interrupt
is enabled.
controller
After last 1-bit cycle
when internal clock
is enabled.
● Concurrent transmission and reception
<When external clock is enabled>
Transmission and reception can be performed independently of each other. Transmission and
reception can therefore be performed at the same time or even when their phases are shifted
from each other and overlapping.
<When internal clock is enabled>
As the transmitting side generates a serial clock, reception is influenced.
If transmission stops during reception, the receiving side is suspended. It resumes reception
when the transmitting side is restarted.
See "21.4 Pins" for operation with serial clock output and operation with serial clock input.
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.7 Registers
H ard war e
21.7
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the UART/SIO.
Table 21.7-1 List of UART/SIO Registers
Register
abbreviation
348
Register name
Reference
SMC1n
UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n
21.7.1
SMC2n
UART/SIO serial mode control register 2 ch. n
21.7.2
SSRn
UART/SIO serial status and data register ch. n
21.7.3
RDRn
UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n
21.7.4
TDRn
UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n
21.7.5
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.7 Registers
Ha rdware
21.7.1
Manual
UART/SIO Serial Mode Control Register 1 ch. n
(SMC1n)
The UART/SIO serial mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n) controls the UART/
SIO operation mode. The register is used to set the serial data direction
(endian), parity and its polarity, stop bit length, operation mode (synchronous/
asynchronous), data length, and serial clock.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BDS
PEN
TDP
SBL
CBL1
CBL0
CKS
MD
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] BDS: Serial data direction control bit
This bit controls the serial data direction (endian).
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Transmission or reception starts from the LSB in the UART/SIO serial input/output data register
ch. n (RDRn/TDRn).
Writing "1"
Transmission or reception starts from the MSB in the UART/SIO serial input/output data register
ch. n (RDRn/TDRn).
[bit6] PEN: Parity control bit
This bit enables or disables the parity in clock asynchronous mode (UART).
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the parity.
Writing "1"
Enables the parity.
[bit5] TDP: Parity polarity control bit
This bit controls the even/odd parity.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the even parity.
Writing "1"
Selects the odd parity.
[bit4] SBL: Stop bit length control bit
This bit controls the stop bit length in clock asynchronous mode (UART).
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
1 bit
Writing "1"
2 bits
Note: The setting of this bit is only valid for transmission operation in clock asynchronous mode (UART). In
a receive operation, regardless of the setting of this bit, the UART/SIO completes the receive operation
when detecting a stop bit (one bit), and sets the receive data register full flag bit (SSRn:RDRF) to "1".
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[bit3:2] CBL[1:0]: Character bit length control bits
These bits select the character bit length.
The setting of these bits is valid in both clock asynchronous mode (UART) and clock synchronous mode
(SIO).
bit3:2
Details
Writing "00"
5 bits
Writing "01"
6 bits
Writing "10"
7 bits
Writing "11"
8 bits
[bit1] CKS: Clock select bit
This bit selects a serial clock from the external clock or the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator
Writing "1"
External clock
Note: Setting this bit to "1" forcibly disables the output of the UCKn pin. The external clock cannot be used
in clock asynchronous mode (UART).
[bit0] MD: Operation mode select bit
This bit selects an operation mode from the clock asynchronous mode (UART) or the clock synchronous
mode (SIO).
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Clock asynchronous mode (UART)
Writing "1"
Clock synchronous mode (SIO)
Note:
During data transmission or reception, do not modify the settings of the UART/SIO serial
mode control register 1 ch. n (SMC1n).
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.7 Registers
Ha rdware
21.7.2
Manual
UART/SIO Serial Mode Control Register 2 ch. n
(SMC2n)
The UART/SIO serial mode control register 2 ch. n (SMC2n) controls the UART/
SIO operation mode. The register enables or disables serial clock output, serial
data output, transmission/reception, and interrupts, and clears the receive
error flag.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SCKE
TXOE
RERC
RXE
TXE
RIE
TCIE
TEIE
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SCKE: Serial clock output enable bit
This bit controls the input/output of the serial clock pin (UCKn) in clock synchronous mode (SIO).
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the serial clock, and makes the UCKn pin function as a general purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Enables the serial clock, and makes the UCKn pin function as a serial clock output pin.
Note: With the clock select bit (SMC1n:CKS) already set to "1", no internal clock signal is output even
when this bit set to "1".
In clock asynchronous mode (UART) (SMC1n:MD = 0), when this bit is set to "0", the output from
the UCKn bit will always be "H".
[bit6] TXOE: Serial data output enable bit
This bit controls the output of the serial data pin (UOn).
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables serial data output, and makes the UOn pin function as a general purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Enables serial data output, and makes the UOn pin function as a serial data output pin.
[bit5] RERC: Receive error flag clear bit
This bit clears the receive error flags.
The read value of this bit is always "1".
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Clears the receive error flags (PER, OVE and FER) in the SSRn register.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
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[bit4] RXE: Receive operation enable bit
This bit enables or disables the reception of serial data.
If this bit is set to "0" during a receive operation, the receive operation is immediately disabled and
initialized. The data received up to that point is not transferred to the UART/SIO serial input data register.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the reception of serial data.
Writing "1"
Enables the reception of serial data.
Note: Setting this bit to "0" initializes the receive operation. It has no effect on the error flags (PER, OVE,
FER, RDRF) in the SSRn register.
[bit3] TXE: Transmit operation enable bit
This bit enables or disables the transmission of serial data.
If this bit is set to "0" during a transmit operation, the transmit operation is immediately disabled and
initialized. The transmission completion flag bit (SSRn:TCPL) is then be set to "1", and the transmit data
register empty flag bit (SSRn:TDRE) is also be set to "1".
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the transmission of serial data.
Writing "1"
Enables the transmission of serial data.
[bit2] RIE: Receive interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the receive interrupt.
With this bit set to "1" (receive interrupt enabled), a receive interrupt is generated immediately after either
the receive data register full flag bit (SSRn:RDRF) or any of the receive error flag bits (SSRn:PER, OVE,
FER) is set to "1".
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the receive interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the receive interrupt.
[bit1] TCIE: Transmission completion interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the transmission completion interrupt.
With this bit set to "1" (transmission completion interrupt enabled), a transmission completion interrupt is
generated immediately after the transmission completion flag bit (SSRn:TCPL) is set to "1".
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the transmission completion interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the transmission completion interrupt.
[bit0] TEIE: Transmit data register empty interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the transmit data register empty interrupt.
With this bit set to "1" (transmit data register empty interrupt enabled), a transmit data register empty
interrupt is generated immediately after the transmit data register empty flag bit (SSRn:TDRE) is set to "1".
bit0
352
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the transmit data register empty interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the transmit data register empty interrupt.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.7 Registers
Ha rdware
21.7.3
Manual
UART/SIO Serial Status and Data Register ch. n
(SSRn)
The UART/SIO serial status and data register ch. n (SSRn) indicates the
transmission/reception status and error status of the UART/SIO.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
PER
OVE
FER
RDRF
TCPL
TDRE
Attribute
—
—
R
R
R
R
R/W
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] PER: Parity error flag bit
This bit detects the parity error in receive data.
This bit is set to "1" when a parity error occurs during a receive operation reception. Writing "0" to the RERC
bit in the SMC2n register clears this bit.
When a parity error is detected at the same time as clearing this bit by writing "0" to the RERC bit, setting
this bit to "1" is given priority.
bit5
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no parity error has occurred.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a parity error has occurred.
[bit4] OVE: Overrun error flag bit
This bit detects the overrun error in receive data.
This bit is set to "1" when an overrun error occurs during a receive operation reception. Writing "0" to the
RERC bit in the SMC2n register clears this bit.
When an overrun error is detected at the same time as clearing this bit by writing "0" to the RERC bit, setting
this bit to "1" is given priority.
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no overrun error has occurred.
Reading "1"
Indicates that an overrun error has occurred.
[bit3] FER: Framing error flag bit
This bit detects the framing error in receive data.
This bit is set to "1" when a framing error occurs during a receive operation reception. Writing "0" to the
RERC bit in the SMC2n register clears this bit.
When a framing error is detected at the same time as clearing this bit by writing "0" to the RERC bit, setting
this bit to "1" is given priority.
bit3
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no framing error has occurred.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a framing error has occurred.
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[bit2] RDRF: Receive data register full flag bit
This bit indicates the state of the UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n (RDRn).
When receive data is loaded to the RDRn register, this bit is set to "1".
When data in the RDRn register is read, this bit is cleared to "0".
bit2
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that there is no receive data in the RDRn register.
Reading "1"
Indicates that there is receive data in the RDRn register.
[bit1] TCPL: Transmission completion flag bit
This bit indicates the data transmission state.
When serial transmission is completed, this bit is set to "1". However, when the UART/SIO serial output data
register ch. n (TDRn) contains data to be transmitted successively, this bit is not set to "1" even after one time
of transmission is completed.
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
When transmission completion setting this bit to "1" and writing "0" to this bit to clear it occur
simultaneously, the former one is given priority.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit1
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that data transmission has not been completed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that data transmission has been completed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit0] TDRE: Transmit data register empty flag bit
This bit indicates the state of the UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn).
When transmit data is written to the TDRn register, this bit is set to "0".
When transmit data is loaded to the shift register for the transmission and data transmission starts, this bit is
set to "1".
bit0
354
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that there is transmit data in the TDRn register.
Reading "1"
Indicates that there is no transmit data in the TDRn register.
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CHAPTER 21 UART/SIO
21.7 Registers
Ha rdware
21.7.4
Manual
UART/SIO Serial Input Data Register ch. n (RDRn)
The UART/SIO serial input data register ch. n (RDRn) is used for inputting
(receiving) serial data.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RD3
RD2
RD1
RD0
Attribute
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
This register stores received data. The serial data signals sent to the serial data input pin (UIn)
is converted by the shift register and stored in this register.
When received data is set correctly in this register, the receive data register full flag bit
(SSRn:RDRF) is set to "1". At this time, an interrupt occurs if receive interrupt requests have
been enabled. If an RDRF bit check by the program or using an interruption shows that
received data is stored in this register, the reading of the content for this register clears the
RDRF bit to "0".
When the character bit length (SMC1n:CBL[1:0]) is set to shorter than eight bits, the excess
upper bits (beyond the set bit length) are set to "0".
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21.7 Registers
H ard war e
21.7.5
Ma nu al
UART/SIO Serial Output Data Register ch. n
(TDRn)
The UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn) used for outputting
(transmitting) serial data.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
TD7
TD6
TD5
TD4
TD3
TD2
TD1
TD0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
This register holds data to be transmitted. The register accepts a write when the transmit data
register empty flag bit (TDRE) is "1". An attempt to write to the bit is ignored when the bit
contains "0".
When transmit data is written to the UART/SIO serial output data register ch. n (TDRn), the
TDRE bit is set to "0". Upon completion of transfer of transmit data to the transmission shift
register, the TDRE bit is set to "1", enabling the next transmit data to be written to the TDRn
register. At this time, an interrupt occurs if transmit data register empty interrupts have been
enabled. Write the next piece of transmit data when transmit data empty occurs or the TDRE
bit is set to "1".
When the character bit length (SMC1n:CBL[1:0]) is set to shorter than eight bits, the excess
upper bits (beyond the set bit length) are ignored.
Note:
The data in this register cannot be updated when the TDRE bit in UART/SIO serial status
and data register ch.n (SSRn) is "0".
When this register is updated at writing complete the transmission data and TDRE = 0
(regardless of the setting of the TXE bit in the SMC2n register), the transmission
operation is initialized by writing "0" to TXE, the TDRE bit becomes "1", and updating this
register is enabled.
Moreover, when "0" is written to the TXE bit without transmission having started (when
the transmit data is written to the TDRn register, and the TXE bit has not been set to "1"
yet), the TCPL bit is not set to "1". In the case of modifying the transmit data, make the
TDRE bit become "1" once by writing "0" to the TXE bit before modifying the transmit
data.
356
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Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 22
UART/SIO DEDICATED
BAUD RATE GENERATOR
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the dedicated baud rate generator
for the UART/SIO.
22.1 Overview
22.2 Channel
22.3 Operations
22.4 Registers
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CHAPTER 22 UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR
22.1 Overview
H ard war e
22.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator generates the baud rate for the
UART/SIO.
The generator consists of the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator
prescaler select register ch. n (PSSRn) and UART/SIO dedicated baud rate
generator baud rate setting register ch. n (BRSRn).
The number of pins and that of channels of the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator vary
among products. For details, refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
For details of pin names, register names and register abbreviations of a product, refer to the
device data sheet.
■ Block Diagram of UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Figure 22.1-1 Block Diagram of UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Baud rate generator
PSS[1:0]
MCLK
(Machine clock)
BRS[7:0]
CLK
MCLK/2
MCLK/4
Prescaler
UART/SIO
8-bit
downcounter
BRCLK
1/4
MCLK/8
■ Input Clock
The UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator uses the output clock from the prescaler or the
machine clock as its input clock.
■ Output Clock
The UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator supplies its clock to the UART/SIO.
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CHAPTER 22 UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR
22.2 Channel
Ha rdware
22.2
Manual
Channel
This section describes the channel of the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate
generator.
■ Channel of UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Table 22.2-1 shows the registers of the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator.
Table 22.2-1 Registers of Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Register
abbreviation
Corresponding register (Name in this manual)
PSSRn
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator prescaler select register ch. n
BRSRn
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator baud rate setting register ch. n
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CHAPTER 22 UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR
22.3 Operations
H ard war e
22.3
Ma nu al
Operations
The UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator serves as the baud rate generator
in clock asynchronous mode (UART).
■ Baud Rate Setting
The CKS bit in the SMC1n register of the UART/SIO is used to select the serial clock. This
selects the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator.
In asynchronous clock mode, the shift clock that is selected by the CKS bit and divided by four
is used and transfers can be performed within the range from 3% to 3%. The baud rate
calculation formula for the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator is shown below.
Figure 22.3-1 Baud Rate Calculation Formula when UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Is Used
Machine clock (MCLK)
Baud rate =
[bps]
1
2
4
8
4×
×
2
:
255
UART dedicated baud rate generator baud
rate setting register ch. n (BRSRn)
Baud rate setting (BRS[7:0])
UART dedicated baud rate generator
prescaler select register ch. n (PSSRn)
Prescaler select (PSS[1:0])
Table 22.3-1 Sample Asynchronous Transfer Rates by Baud Rate Generator
(Machine Clock = 10MHz, 16MHz, 16.25MHz)
UART/SIO Dedicated baud rate
generator setting
Prescaler select
PSS[1:0]
1 (Setting value: 0, 0)
1 (Setting value: 0, 0)
1 (Setting value: 0, 0)
1 (Setting value: 0, 0)
1 (Setting value: 0, 0)
2 (Setting value: 0, 1)
4 (Setting value: 1, 0)
8 (Setting value: 1, 1)
Baud rate
Baud rate
Baud rate
UART
Total division ratio
(10 MHz /
(16 MHz /
(16.25 MHz /
internal
Baud rate counter division (PSS  BRS  4) Total division Total division Total division
ratio)
ratio)
ratio)
setting BRS [7:0]
20
22
44
87
130
130
130
130
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
80
88
176
348
520
1040
2080
4160
125000
113636
56818
28736
19231
9615
4808
2404
200000
181818
90909
45977
30769
15385
7692
3846
203125
184659
92330
46695
31250
15625
7813
3906
The baud rate can be set in UART mode within the following range.
Table 22.3-2 Baud Rate Setting Range in Clock Asynchronous Mode (UART)
360
PSS[1:0]
BRS[7:0]
0b00 to 0b11
0x02 (2) to 0xFF (255)
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CHAPTER 22 UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR
22.4 Registers
Ha rdware
22.4
Manual
Registers
This section describes the registers of the UART/SIO dedicated baud rate
generator.
Table 22.4-1 List of UART/SIO Baud Rate Generator Registers
Register
abbreviation
Register name
Reference
PSSRn
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator prescaler select register ch. n
22.4.1
BRSRn
UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator baud rate setting register ch. n
22.4.2
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22.4 Registers
H ard war e
22.4.1
Ma nu al
UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
Prescaler Select Register ch. n (PSSRn)
The UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator prescaler select register ch. n
(PSSRn) controls the output of the baud rate clock and the prescaler.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
—
—
BRGE
PSS1
PSS0
Attribute
—
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:3] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit2] BRGE: Baud rate clock output enable bit
This bit enables or disables outputting the baud rate clock "BRCLK".
When "1" is written to this bit, the value of the BRS[7:0] bits in the BRSRn register is loaded to the 8-bit
downcounter and BRCLK to be supplied to the UART/SIO is output.
Writing "0" to this bit stops the output of BRCLK.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables outputting the baud rate clock.
Writing "1"
Enables outputting the baud rate clock.
[bit1:0] PSS[1:0]: Prescaler select bits
These bits select a prescaler.
bit1:0
362
Details
Writing "00"
1
Writing "01"
1/2
Writing "10"
1/4
Writing "11"
1/8
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CHAPTER 22 UART/SIO DEDICATED BAUD RATE GENERATOR
22.4 Registers
Ha rdware
22.4.2
Manual
UART/SIO Dedicated Baud Rate Generator Baud
Rate Setting Register ch. n (BRSRn)
The UART/SIO dedicated baud rate generator baud rate setting register ch.n
(BRSRn) controls the baud rate settings.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BRS7
BRS6
BRS5
BRS4
BRS3
BRS2
BRS1
BRS0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
This register sets the cycle of the 8-bit downcounter and can be used to set any baud rate clock
(BRCLK). Stop the UART/SIO operation before writing a value to this register.
In clock asynchronous mode (UART), do not set BRS[7:0] to "0x00" or "0x01".
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22.4 Registers
H ard war e
364
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 23
I2C BUS INTERFACE
This chapter describes functions and
operations of the I2C bus interface.
23.1 Overview
23.2 Configuration
23.3 Channel
23.4 Pins
23.5 Interrupts
23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
23.7 Registers
23.8 Notes on Using I2C Bus Interface
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.1 Overview
H ard war e
23.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The I2C bus interface provides the functions of transmission and reception in
master and slave modes, detection of arbitration lost, detection of slave
address and general call address, generation and detection of start and stop
conditions, bus error detection, and MCU standby wakeup.
■ I2C Bus Interface Functions
The I2C bus interface is a two-wire, bi-directional bus consisting of a serial data line (SDAn)
and serial clock line (SCLn). The devices connected to the bus via these two wires can
exchange data, and each device can operate as a sender or receiver in accordance with their
respective functions based on the unique address assigned to each device. Furthermore, the
interface establishes a master/slave relationship between devices.
The I2C bus interface can connect multiple devices provided the bus capacitance does not
exceed an upper limit of 400 pF. The I2C bus interface is a true multi-master bus with collision
detection and a communication control protocol that prevent loss of data even if more than one
master attempts to start a data transfer at the same time.
The communication control protocol ensures that only one master is able to take control of the
bus at a time, even if multiple masters attempt to take control of the bus simultaneously,
without messages being lost or data being altered. Multi-master means that more than one
master can attempt to take control of the bus at the same time without causing messages to be
lost.
The I2C bus interface includes a function to wake up the MCU from standby mode.
Figure 23.1-1 Example of I2C Bus Interface Configuration
Microcontroller A
Static RAM/
EEPROM
LCD driver
SDAn
SCLn
Gate array
366
A/D converter
Microcontroller B
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
23.2
Manual
Configuration
The I2C bus interface consists of the following blocks:
• Clock selector
• Clock divider
• Shift clock generator
• Start/stop condition generation circuit
• Start/stop condition detection circuit
• Arbitration lost detection circuit
• Slave address comparison circuit
• IBSRn register
• IBCR0n register
• IBCR1n register
• ICCRn register
• IAARn register
• IDDRn register
The number of pins and that of channels of the I2C bus interface vary among products. For
details, refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
For details of pin names, register names and register abbreviations of a product, refer to the
device data sheet.
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Block Diagram of I2C Bus Interface
Figure 23.2-1 Block Diagram of I2C Bus Interface
I2C bus interface enable
ICCRn
5
EN
6
7
8
Clock selector 1
CS4
CS3
CS2
CS1
CS0
Machine clock
Clock divider 1
DMBP
Clock divider 2
4
22 38
8
98
128
256
Clock selector 2
IBSRn
BB
RSC
LRB
Sync
512
Shift clock
generator
Shift clock edge
Bus busy
Repeat start
Start/stop condition
detection circuit
Last bit
Transmit/receive
Error
TRX
First byte
FBT
Arbitration lost detection circuit
IBCR1n
BER
F2MC-8FX internal bus
BEIE
Transfer interrupt
INTE
INT
SCC
MSS
DACKE
End
Start
Master
ACK enable
Start/stop condition
generation circuit
GC-ACK enable
Address ACK enable
GACKE
INT timing select
IDDRn register
IBSRn
AAS
Slave
GCA
General
call
Slave address
comparison circuit
IAARn register
IBCR0n
AACKX
INTS
SCLn line
ALF
SDAn line
ALE
SPF
Stop interrupt
SPE
WUF
WUE
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23.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
● Clock selector, clock divider, and shift clock generator
This circuit uses the machine clock to generate the shift clock for the I2C bus.
● Start/stop condition generation circuit
When a start condition is transmitted with the bus idle (SCLn and SDAn at the "H" level), a
master starts communications. When SCLn = "H", a start condition is generated by changing
the SDAn line from "H" to "L". The master can terminate its communication by generating a
stop condition. When SCLn = "H", a stop condition is generated by changing the SDAn line
from "L" to "H".
● Start/stop condition detection circuit
This circuit detects a start/stop condition for data transfer.
● Arbitration lost detection circuit
This interface circuit supports multi-master systems. If two or more masters attempt to transmit
at the same time, the arbitration lost condition (if logic level "1" is sent when the SDAn line
goes to the "L" level) occurs. When the arbitration lost is detected, IBCR0n:ALF is set to "1"
and the master changes to a slave automatically.
● Slave address comparison circuit
The slave address comparison circuit receives the slave address after the start condition to
compare it with its own slave address. The address is seven-bit data followed by a data
direction (R/W) bit in the eighth bit position. If the received address matches the own slave
address, the comparison circuit transmits an acknowledgment.
● IBSRn register
The IBSRn register shows the status of the I2C bus interface.
● IBCR0n register and IBCR1n register
The IBCR0n register and the IBCR1n register are used to select the operating mode and to
enable or disable interrupts, acknowledgment, general call acknowledgment, and the function
to wake up the MCU from standby mode.
● ICCRn register
The ICCRn register is used to enable I2C bus interface operations and select the shift clock
frequency.
● IAARn register
The IAARn register is used to set the slave address.
● IDDRn register
The IDDRn register holds the transmit or receive shift data or address. When transmitted, the
data or address written to this register is transferred from the MSB first to the bus.
■ Input Clock
The I2C bus interface uses the machine clock as the input clock (shift clock).
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.3 Channel
H ard war e
23.3
Ma nu al
Channel
This section describes the channel of the I2C bus interface.
■ Channel of I2C Bus Interface
Table 23.3-1 and Table 23.3-2 show the pins and registers on a channel of the I2C bus interface
respectively.
Table 23.3-1 Pins of I2C Bus Interface
Pin name
SDAn
SCLn
Pin function
I2C bus interface I/O
Table 23.3-2 Registers of I2C Bus Interface
Register
abbreviation
370
Corresponding register (Name in this manual)
IBCR0n
I2C bus control register 0 ch. n
IBCR1n
I2C bus control register 1 ch. n
IBSRn
I2C bus status register ch. n
IDDRn
I2C data register ch. n
IAARn
I2C address register ch. n
ICCRn
I2C clock control register ch. n
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.4 Pins
Ha rdware
23.4
Manual
Pins
This section describes the pins of the I2C bus interface and gives their block
diagram.
■ Pins of I2C Bus Interface
The pins of the I2C bus interface are SDAn and SCLn.
● SDAn pin
The SDAn pin is the data I/O pin of the I2C bus interface.
When the I2C bus interface is enabled (ICCRn:EN = 1), the SDAn pin is automatically set as a
data I/O pin to function as the SDAn pin.
● SCLn pin
The SCLn pin is the serial clock I/O pin of the I2C bus interface.
When the I2C bus interface is enabled (ICCRn:EN = 1), the SCLn pin is automatically set as a
shift clock I/O pin to function as the SCLn pin.
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.5 Interrupts
H ard war e
23.5
Ma nu al
Interrupts
The I2C bus interface has a transfer interrupt and a stop interrupt which are
triggered by the following events.
• Transfer interrupt
A transfer interrupt occurs either upon completion of data transfer or when a
bus error occurs.
• Stop interrupt
A stop interrupt occurs upon detection of a stop condition or arbitration lost
or upon access to the I2C bus interface in stop/watch mode.
■ Transfer Interrupt
Table 23.5-1 shows the transfer interrupt control bits and I2C bus interface interrupt sources.
Table 23.5-1 Transfer Interrupt Control Bits and I2C Bus Interface Interrupt
Sources
Item
End of transfer
Bus error
Interrupt request flag bit
IBCR1n:INT =1
IBCR1n:BER =1
Interrupt request enable bit
IBCR1n:INTE =1
IBCR1n:BEIE =1
Interrupt source
Data transfer complete
Bus error occurred
•
Interrupt upon completion of transfer
An interrupt request is output to the CPU upon completion of data transfer if the transfer
completion interrupt request enable bit has been set to enable (IBCR1n:INTE = 1). In the
interrupt service routine, write "0" to the transfer completion interrupt request flag bit
(IBCR1n:INT) to clear the interrupt request. When data transfer is completed, the
IBCR1n:INT bit is set to "1" regardless of the value of the IBCR1n:INTE bit.
•
Interrupt in response to a bus error
When the following conditions are met, a bus error is deemed to have occurred, and the I2C
bus interface will be stopped.
- When a stop condition is detected in master mode.
- When a start or stop condition is detected during transmission or reception of the first
byte.
- When a start or stop condition is detected during transmission or reception of data
(excluding the start, first data, and stop bits).
In these cases, an interrupt request is output to the CPU if the bus error interrupt request enable
bit has been set to enable (IBCR1n:BEIE = 1). In the interrupt service routine, write "0" to the
bus error interrupt request flag bit (IBCR1n:BER) to clear the interrupt request. When a bus
error occurs, the IBCR1n:BER bit is set to "1" regardless of the value of the IBCR1n:BEIE bit.
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.5 Interrupts
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Stop Interrupt
Table 23.5-2 shows the stop interrupt control bits and I2C interrupt sources (trigger events).
Table 23.5-2 Stop Interrupt Control Bits and I2C Interrupt Sources
Item
Detection of stop condition Detection of arbitration lost
MCU wakeup from
stop/watch mode
Interrupt request flag bit
IBCR0n:SPF =1
IBCR0n:ALF =1
IBCR0n:WUF =1
Interrupt request enable bit
IBCR0n:SPE =1
IBCR0n:ALE =1
IBCR0n:WUE =1
Interrupt source
Stop condition detected
Arbitration lost detected
Start condition detected
•
Interrupt upon detection of a stop condition
A stop condition is considered to be valid if all of the following conditions are satisfied
when the stop condition is detected.
- The bus is busy (state which the start condition is detected).
- IBCR1n:MSS = 0
- After transfer of one byte of data completes, including the acknowledgment.
In this case, an interrupt request is output to the CPU if the stop condition detection interrupt
request enable bit has been set to enable (IBCR0n:SPE =1). In the interrupt service routine,
write "0" to the IBCR0n:SPF bit to clear the interrupt request.
The IBCR0n:SPF bit is set to "1" when a valid stop condition occurs regardless of the value of
the IBCR0n:SPE bit.
•
Interrupt upon detection of arbitration lost
When arbitration lost is detected, an interrupt request is output to the CPU if the arbitration
lost detection interrupt request enable bit has been set to enable (IBCR0n:ALE = 1). Either
write "0" to the arbitration lost interrupt request flag bit (IBCR0n:ALF) while the bus is idle
or write "0" to the IBCR1n:INT bit from the interrupt service routine while the bus is busy
to clear the interrupt request.
When arbitration lost occurs, the IBCR0n:ALF bit is set to "1" regardless of the value for
the IBCR0n:ALE bit.
•
Interrupt for MCU wakeup from stop mode or watch mode
When a start condition is detected, an interrupt request is output to the CPU if the function
to wake up the MCU from stop or watch mode has been enabled (IBCR0n:WUE = 1).
In the interrupt service routine, write "0" to the MCU standby mode wakeup interrupt
request flag bit (IBCR0n:WUF) to clear the interrupt request.
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23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
23.6
Ma nu al
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
This section describes the operations of the I2C bus interface.
■ Operations of I2C Bus Interface
● I2C bus interface
The I2C bus interface is an 8-bit serial interface synchronized with a shift clock.
● MCU standby mode wakeup function
The wakeup function wakes up the MCU upon detection of a start condition, from low power
consumption mode such as stop or watch mode.
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the I2C bus interface.
● Initial settings
1. Set the port for input. (DDR)
2. Set the interrupt level. (ILR*)
3. Set the slave address. (IAARn)
4. Select the clock and enable I2C operation. (ICCRn)
5. Enable bus error interrupt requests. (IBCR1n:BEIE = 1)
*: For details of the interrupt level setting register (ILR), refer to "CHAPTER 5 INTERRUPTS" in this
hardware manual and "■ INTERRUPT SOURCE TABLE" in the device data sheet.
● Interrupt processing
1. Execute any process.
2. Clear the bus error interrupt request flag. (IBCR1n:BER = 0)
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23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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Manual
l2C Bus Interface
23.6.1
The I2C bus interface is an eight-bit serial interface synchronized with the shift
clock.
■ I2C System
The I2C bus system uses the serial data line (SDAn) and serial clock line (SCLn) for data
transfers. All the devices connected to the bus require open drain or open collector outputs
which must be connected with a pull-up resistor.
Each of the devices connected to the bus has a unique address which can be set up using
software. The devices always operate in a simple master/slave relationship, where the master
functions as the master transmitter or master receiver. The I2C bus interface is a true multimaster bus with a collision detection function and arbitration function to prevent data from
being lost if more than one master attempts to start data transfer at the same time.
■ I2C Protocol
Figure 23.6-1 shows the format required for data transfer.
Figure 23.6-1 Data Transfer Example
MSB
LSB
MSB
LSB
SDAn
SCLn
Start
condition (S)
7-bit address
R/W
Acknowledge bit
8-bit data
Stop
condition (P)
No acknowledge
The slave address is transmitted after a start condition (S) is generated. This address is seven
bits long followed by the data direction bit (R/W) in the eighth bit position. Data is transmitted
after the address. The data is eight bits followed by an acknowledgment.
Data can be transmitted continuously to the same slave address in consecutive units of eight
bits plus acknowledgment.
Data transfer is always ended in the master stop condition (P). However, the repeated start
condition (S) can be used to transmit the address which indicates a different slave without
generating a stop condition.
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23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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■ Start Conditions
While the bus is idle (SCLn and SDAn are both at the logical "H" level), the master generates a
start condition to start transmission. As shown in Figure 23.6-1, a start condition is triggered
when the SDAn line is changed from "H" to "L" while SCLn = "H". This starts a new data
transfer and commences master/slave operation.
A start condition can be generated in either of the following two ways.
•
By writing "1" to the IBCR1n:MSS bit while the I2C bus is not in use (IBCR1n:MSS = 0,
IBSRn:BB = 0, IBCR1n:INT = 0, and IBCR0n:ALF = 0). (Next, IBSRn:BB is set to "1" to
indicate that the bus is busy.)
•
By writing "1" to the IBCR1n:SCC bit during an interrupt while in master mode
(IBCR1n:MSS = 1, IBSRn:BB = 1, IBCR1n:INT = 1, and IBCR0n:ALF = 0). (This
generates a repeated start condition.)
Writing "1" to the IBCR1n:MSS or IBCR1n:SCC bit is ignored in any circumstances other
than those mentioned above. If another system is using the bus when "1" is written to the
IBCR1n:MSS bit, the IBCR0n:ALF bit is set to "1".
■ Addressing
● Slave addressing in master mode
In master mode, IBSRn:BB and IBSRn:TRX are set to "1" after the start condition is generated,
and the slave address in the IDDRn register is output to the bus starting with the MSB. The
address data consists of eight bits: the 7-bit slave address and the data transfer direction R/W
bit (bit0 of IDDRn).
The acknowledgment from the slave is received after the address data is sent. SDAn goes to
"L" in the ninth clock cycle and the acknowledge bit from the receiving device is received (See
Figure 23.6-1). In this case, the R/W bit (IDDRn:bit0) is inverted logically and stored in the
IBSRn:TRX bit as "1" if the SDAn level is "L".
● Addressing in slave mode
In slave mode, after the start condition is detected, IBSRn:BB is set to "1" and IBSRn:TRX is
set to "0", and the data received from the master is stored in the IDDRn register. After the
address data is received, the IDDRn and IAARn registers are compared. If the addresses match,
IBSRn:AAS is set to "1" and an acknowledgment is sent to the master. Afterward, bit0 in the
receive data (bit0 in the IDDRn register) is saved in the IBSRn:TRX bit.
■ Data Transfer
If the MCU is addressed as a slave, data can be sent or received byte by byte with the direction
determined by the R/W bit sent by the master.
Each byte to be output on the SDAn line is fixed at eight bits. As shown in Figure 23.6-1, the
receiver sends an acknowledgment to the sender by forcing the SDAn line to the stable "L"
level while the acknowledge clock pulse is "H". Data is transferred at one clock pulse per bit
with MSB at the head. Sending and receiving an acknowledgment is required after each byte is
transferred. Therefore, nine clock pulses are required to transfer one complete data byte.
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23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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Manual
■ Acknowledgment
An acknowledgment is sent by the receiver in the ninth clock cycle for data byte transfer by the
sender based on the following conditions.
An address acknowledgment is generated in the following cases.
•
The received address matches the address set in IAARn, and the address acknowledgment
is output automatically (IBCR0n:AACKX = 0).
•
A general call address (0x00) is received and the general call address acknowledgment
output is enabled (IBCR1n:GACKE = 1).
A data acknowledge bit used when data is received can be enabled or disabled by the
IBCR1n:DACKE bit. In master mode, a data acknowledgment is generated if
IBCR1n:DACKE = 1. In slave mode, a data acknowledgment is generated if an address
acknowledgment has already been generated and IBCR1n:DACKE = 1. The received
acknowledgment is saved in IBSRn:LRB in the ninth SCLn cycle.
•
If the data ACK depends on the content of received data (such as packet error checking
used by the SM bus), control the data ACK by setting the data ACK enable bit
(IBCR1n:DACKE) after writing "1" to the IBCR0n:INTS bit (for example, by a previous
transfer completion interrupt) so that the latest received data can be read.
•
The latest data ACK (IBSRn:LRB) can be read after the ACK has been received
(IBSRn:LRB must be read during the transfer completion interrupt triggered by the ninth
SCLn cycle). Accordingly, if ACK is read when the IBCR0n:INTS bit is "1", write "0" to
this bit in the transfer completion interrupt triggered by the eighth SCLn cycle so that
another transfer completion interrupt will be triggered by the ninth SCLn cycle.
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■ General Call Address
A general call address consists of the start address byte (0x00) and the second address byte that
follows. To use a general call address, set IBCR1n:GACKE=1 before the acknowledge of the
first byte general call address. In addition, the acknowledgment for the second address byte can
be controlled as shown below.
Figure 23.6-2 General Call Operation
Slave mode
First-byte general call address
ACK
Second-byte general call address
ACK/NACK
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Read IBSRn:LRB.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Set IBCR0n:INTS = 1.
When IBCR1n:GACKE = 1,
ACK is given and IBSRn:GCA is set.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 8th SCLn↓.
Read IDDRn and control ACK/NACK by IBCR1n:DACKE.
To read IBSRn:LRB, set INTS = 0.
(a) General call operation in slave mode
Master mode
GACKE=1
First-byte general call address
ACK
Second-byte general call address
ACK/NACK
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Read IBSRn:LRB.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Set IBCR0n:INTS = 1 and GACKE = 0.
GCA is cleared.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 8th SCLn↓.
To read IBSRn:LRB, set INTS = 0.
ACK is given and IBSRn:GCA is set.
(b) General call operation in master mode (Start from GACKE = 1 with no AL.)
Master mode
GACKE=1
First-byte general call address
ACK
Second-byte general call address
ACK/NACK
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Read IBSRn:LRB.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Set IBCR0n:INTS = 1 and GACKE = 0.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 8th SCLn↓.
Read IDDRn and control ACK/NACK by IBCR1n:DACKE.
To read IBSRn:LRB, set INTS = 0.
ACK is given and IBSRn:GCA is set.
AL is generated by second address and switches to slave mode.
(c) General call operation in master mode (Start from GACKE = 1 with AL generated by second address.)
Master mode
GACKE=0
First-byte general call address
NACK
Second-byte general call address
ACK/NACK
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Read IBSRn:LRB.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Set IBCR0n:INTS = 1.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 8th SCLn↓.
Set INTS = 0 to read IBSRn:LRB.
ACK is not given and IBSRn:GCA is not set.
(d) General call operation in master mode (Start from GACKE = 0 with no AL.)
Master mode
GACKE=0
First-byte general call address
NACK
Second-byte general call address
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Set IBCR0n:INTS = 1.
ACK is not given and IBSRn:GCA is not set.
ACK/NACK
IBCR1n:INT is set at 9th SCLn↓.
Read IBSRn:LRB.
IBCR1n:INT is set at 8th SCLn↓.
Read IDDRn and control ACK/NACK by IBCR1n:DACKE.
To read IBSRn:LRB, set INTS = 0.
AL is generated by second address, IBSRn:GCA is set,
and switches to slave mode.
(e) General call operation in master mode (Start from GACKE = 0 with AL generated by second address.)
ACK
NACK
GCA
AL
: Acknowledgment
: No acknowledgment
: General call address
: Arbitration lost
If this module sends a general call address at the same time as another device, you can
determine whether the module successfully seized control of the bus by checking whether
arbitration lost was detected when the second address byte was transferred. If arbitration lost
was detected, the module goes to slave mode and continues to receive data from the master.
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23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
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Manual
■ Stop Condition
The master can release the bus and end communications by generating a stop condition.
Changing the SDAn line from "L" to "H" while SCLn is "H" generates a stop condition. This
signals to the other devices on the bus that the master has finished communications (referred to
below as "bus free"). However, the master can continue to generate start conditions without
generating a stop condition. This is called a repeated start condition.
Writing "0" to the IBCR1n:MSS bit during an interrupt while in master mode (IBCR1n:MSS =
1, IBSRn:BB = 1, IBCR1n:INT = 1, and IBCR0n:ALF = 0) generates a stop condition and
changes to slave mode. In any other circumstances other than those mentioned above, writing
"0" to the IBCR1n:MSS bit is ignored.
■ Arbitration
The interface circuit is a true multi-master bus able to connect multiple master devices.
Arbitration occurs when another master within the system simultaneously transfers data during
a master transfer.
Arbitration occurs on the SDAn line while the SCLn line is at the "H" level. When the send
data is "1" and the data on the SDAn line is "L" at the master, this is treated as arbitration lost.
In this case, data output is halted and IBCR0n:ALF is set to "1". If this occurs, an interrupt is
generated if arbitration lost interrupts have been enabled (IBCR0n:ALE = 1). If IBCR0n:ALF
is set to "1", the module sets IBCR1n:MSS = 0 and IBSRn:TRX = 0, clears TRX, and goes to
slave receive mode.
If IBCR0n:ALF is set to "1" when IBSRn:BB = 0, IBCR0n:ALF is cleared only by writing "0".
If IBCR0n:ALF is set to "1" when IBSRn:BB = 1, IBCR0n:ALF is cleared only by clearing
IBCR1n:INT to "0".
● Conditions for generating an arbitration lost interrupt when IBSRn:BB = 0
When a start condition is generated by the program (by setting the IBCR1n:MSS bit to "1") at
the timing shown in Figure 23.6-3 or Figure 23.6-4, interrupt generation (IBCR1n:INT = 1) is
prohibited by arbitration lost detection (IBCR0n:ALF = 1).
•
Conditions (1) in which no interrupt is generated due to arbitration lost
If the program triggers a start condition (by setting the IBCR1n:MSS bit to "1") when no start
condition has been detected (IBSRn:BB = 0) and the SDAn and SCLn line pins are at the "L"
level.
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 23.6-3 Timing Diagram with No Interrupt Generated with IBCR0n:ALF = 1
SCLn pin or SDAn pin at "L" level
SCLn pin
SDAn pin
"L"
"L"
1
I2C operation enabled (ICCRn:EN = 1)
Master mode set (IBCR1n:MSS = 1)
Arbitration lost detection bit
(IBCR0n:ALF = 1)
380
Bus busy (IBSRn:BB)
0
Interrupt (IBCR1n:INT)
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
•
Manual
Conditions (2) in which no interrupt is generated due to arbitration lost
If the program enables I2C bus interface operation (by setting the ICCRn:EN bit to "1") and
triggers a start condition (by setting the IBCR1n:MSS bit to "1") when the I2C bus is in use by
another master.
This is because, as shown in Figure 23.6-4, this I2C bus interface cannot detect the start
condition (IBSRn:BB = 0) if another master starts communications on the I2C bus when the
operation of this I2C bus interface has been disabled (ICCRn:EN = 0).
Figure 23.6-4 Timing Diagram with No Interrupt Generated with IBCR0n:ALF = 1
IBCR1n:INT bit interrupt
does not occur in 9th clock cycle.
Start condition
Stop
condition
SCLn pin
SDAn pin
Slave address
ACK
Data
ACK
ICCRn:EN
IBCR1n:MSS
IBCR0n:ALF
IBSRn:BB
0
IBCR1n:INT
0
If this situation can occur, use the following procedure to set up the module from the software.
1. Trigger a start condition from the program (by setting the IBCR1n:MSS bit to "1").
2. Check the IBCR0n:ALF and IBSRn:BB bits in the arbitration lost interrupt.
If IBCR0n:ALF = 1 and IBSRn:BB = 0, clear the IBCR0n:ALF bit to "0".
If IBCR0n:ALF = 1 and IBSRn:BB = 1, clear the IBCR0n:ALE bit to "0" and perform
control as normal. (Normal control means writing "0" to the IBCR1n:INT bit in the INT
interrupt to clear IBCR0n:ALF to "0".)
In other cases, perform control as normal (Normal control means writing "0" to the
IBCR1n:INT bit in the INT interrupt to clear IBCR0n:ALF.)
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The following sample flow chart illustrates the procedure:
Figure 23.6-5 Sample Flow Chart 1
Enable AL interrupts (IBCR0n:ALE =1).
Set master mode.
Set the MSS bit in I2C bus control register 1 ch. n (IBCR1n) to "1".
IBCR0n:ALF = 1
NO
YES
IBSRn:BB = 0
NO
YES
Write "0" to IBCR0n:ALF to
clear AL flag and interrupt.
Write "0" to IBCR0n:ALE to
clear AL interrupt.
Normal control
● Example of generating an interrupt (IBCR1n:INT = 1) with "IBCR0n:ALF = 1" detected
If a START condition is generated by the program (by setting the IBCR1n:MSS bit to "1")
with the bus busy (IBSRn:BB = 1) and arbitration lost detected, a IBCR1n:INT bit interrupt
occurs upon detection of "IBCR0n:ALF = 1".
Figure 23.6-6 Timing Diagram with Interrupt Generated with "IBCR0n:ALF = 1" Detected
START condition
Interrupt in 9th clock cycle
SCLn pin
SDAn pin
Slave address
ACK
Data
ICCRn:EN
IBCR1n:MSS
IBCR0n:ALF
Clear IBCR0n:ALF by software.
IBSRn:BB
IBCR1n:INT
382
Clear IBCR1n:INT by software
and release SCLn line.
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.6 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
23.6.2
Manual
Function to Wake up the MCU from Standby Mode
The wakeup function enables the I2C macro to be accessed while the MCU is in
stop or watch mode.
■ Function to Wake Up the MCU from Standby Mode
The I2C macro includes a function to wake up the MCU from standby mode. The function is
enabled by writing "1" to the IBCR0n:WUE bit.
With the MCU in stop mode or watch mode and the IBCR0n:WUE bit set to "1", if a start
condition is detected on the I2C bus, the wakeup interrupt request flag bit (IBCR0n:WUF) is
set to "1" and the wakeup interrupt request is generated to wake up the MCU from stop/watch
mode.
•
Set IBCR0n:WUE to "1" immediately before setting the MCU to stop or watch mode.
Similarly, clear IBCR0n:WUE (by writing "0") after the MCU wakes up from stop or watch
mode so that I2C operation can restart as soon as possible.
•
The wakeup function only applies to the MCU stop and watch modes.
Figure 23.6-7 Comparison of Normal I2C Operation and Wakeup Operation
SDAn
SCLn
5
IRQ by
IBCR0n:WUF
Machine
Clock
1
2
3
4
➀
Set the IBCR0n:WUE bit to "1" immediately before entering stop/watch mode and make sure that IBSRn:BB = 0.
➁
Set the MCU to stop/watch mode and the machine clock stops.
➂
Detect a start condition in stop mode or watch mode. IBCR0n:WUF is set to 1 and a wakeup IRQ is generated. In stop
mode, after the oscillation stabilization wait time, the MCU wakes up and enters the clock mode used before entering stop
mode or watch mode.
➃
Clear the IBCR0n:WUE bit to "0" so that I2C can restart the normal operation, and clear the IBCR0n:WUF bit to "0" to clear
the wakeup interrupt.
➄
To receive the data byte correctly, the SCLn must be released in the first cycle after 100 s (assuming a minimum
oscillation stabilization wait time of 100 s) from the start of I2C transmission (falling edge detection of SDAn).
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The following sample flow chart illustrates the wakeup function.
Figure 23.6-8 Sample Flow Chart 2
Procedure for transition
to stop/watch mode
IBSRn:BB = 0
NO
YES
Enable wakeup function by setting
IBCR0n:WUE =1.
IBSRn:BB = 0
NO
IBCR0n:WUE = 0
YES
Go to stop/watch mode.
384
Write "0" to IBCR0n:ALE
and clear AL interrupt
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23.7 Registers
Ha rdware
23.7
Manual
Registers
This section describes the registers of the I2C bus interface.
Table 23.7-1 List of I2C Bus Interface Registers
Register
abbreviation
Register name
Reference
IBCR0n
I2C bus control register 0 ch. n
23.7.1
IBCR1n
I2C bus control register 1 ch. n
23.7.2
IBSRn
I2C bus status register ch. n
23.7.3
IDDRn
I2C data register ch. n
23.7.4
IAARn
I2C address register ch. n
23.7.5
ICCRn
I2C clock control register ch. n
23.7.6
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I2C Bus Control Register 0 ch. n (IBCR0n)
23.7.1
The I2C bus control register 0 ch. n (IBCR0n) controls the address acknowledge
in the transmission of the first byte, selects the timing of the transfer
completion interrupt, and enables or disables the arbitration lost interrupt, the
STOP condition detection interrupt and MCU standby wakeup function.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
AACKX
INTS
ALF
ALE
SPF
SPE
WUF
WUE
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] AACKX: Address acknowledge disable bit
This bit controls the address acknowledge in the transmission of the first byte.
Writing "0" to this bit causes the address acknowledge to be output automatically (The address acknowledge
is returned automatically if the slave address matches).
Writing "1" to this bit prevents the address acknowledge from being output.
Modify the setting of this bit in either of the following ways:
• Write "1" to this bit in master mode.
• Clear this bit to "0" after checking that the bus busy bit (IBSRn:BB) is "0".
Notes:
• If AACKX =1 and IBSRn:FBT =0 when a transfer completion interrupt is generated (IBCR1n:INT = 1), no
address acknowledge is output even though the I2C address matches the slave address. Clear the IBCR1n:INT
bit to "0" as an interrupt is generated upon completion of transfer of each byte of address/data in the same
way as during addressing.
• If AACKX =1 and IBSRn:FBT =1 when a transfer completion interrupt is generated (IBCR1n:INT = 1), "1"
might be written to AACKX after addressing as in slave mode. Either continue normal communication after
setting AACKX to "0" again or restart communication after disabling I2C operation (ICCRn:EN = 0).
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Enable address acknowledge.
Writing "1"
Disables address acknowledge.
[bit6] INTS: Timing select bit for transfer completion flag bit at data reception
This bit selects the timing of the transfer completion interrupt (IBCR1n:INT) when data is received. Modify
this bit only when IBSRn:TRX = 0 and IBSRn:FBT = 0.
Writing "0" to this bit sets the transfer completion interrupt request flag bit (IBCR1n:INT) to "1" in the ninth
SCLn cycle.
Writing "1" to this bit sets the transfer completion interrupt request flag bit (IBCR1n:INT) to "1" in the
eighth SCLn cycle.
Notes:
• The transfer completion interrupt request flag bit (IBCR1n:INT) is set to "1" always in the ninth SCLn cycle
except during data reception (IBSRn:TRX = 1 or IBSRn:FBT = 1).
• If the data acknowledge depends on the content of the received data (such as packet error checking used by
the SM bus), control the data acknowledge by setting the data acknowledge enable bit (IBCR1n:DACKE)
after writing "1" to this bit (for example, using a previous transfer completion interrupt) to read latest received
data.
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• The latest data acknowledge (IBSRn:LRB) can be read after the acknowledge has been received (IBSRn:LRB
must be read during the transfer completion interrupt in the ninth SCLn cycle.) If acknowledge is read when
this bit is "1", therefore, write "0" to this bit in the transfer completion interrupt in the eighth SCLn cycle so
that another transfer completion interrupt will occur in the ninth SCLn cycle.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Sets the INT bit to "1" in the ninth SCLn cycle.
Writing "1"
Sets the INT bit to "1" in the eighth SCLn cycle.
[bit5] ALF: Arbitration lost interrupt request flag bit
This bit detects the arbitration lost.
An arbitration lost interrupt request is generated if this bit and the IBCR0n:ALE bit are both "1".
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "1".
• An arbitration lost is detected when this device is transmitting data/address as a master.
• "1" is written to the IBCR1n:MSS bit with the I2C bus being used by another system. However, when "1" is
written to the MSS bit after this device returns AACK or GACK as a slave, the ALF bit is not set to "1".
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "0".
• With IBSRn:BB = 0, "0" is written to the ALF bit.
• "0" is written to the IBCR1n:INT bit to clear the transmission completion flag bit.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit5
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no arbitration lost has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that an arbitration lost has been detected.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit4] ALE: Arbitration lost interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the arbitration lost interrupt.
When this bit and the ALF bit are both set to "1", an arbitration lost interrupt request is generated.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the arbitration lost interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the arbitration lost interrupt.
[bit3] SPF: STOP detection interrupt request flag bit
This bit detects the STOP condition.
When this bit and the IBCR0n:SPE bit are both set to "1", a STOP detection interrupt request is generated.
With the bus busy, when a valid STOP condition is correctly detected, this bit is set to "1".
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit3
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no STOP condition has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a STOP condition has been detected.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
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[bit2] SPE: STOP detection interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the STOP detection interrupt.
When this bit and the SPF bit are both set to "1", a STOP detection interrupt request is generated.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the STOP detection interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the STOP detection interrupt.
[bit1] WUF: MCU standby mode wakeup interrupt request flag bit
This bit detects an MCU standby mode wakeup in stop mode or watch mode.
When this bit and the IBCR0n:WUE bit are both set to "1", a wakeup interrupt request is generated.
With the wakeup function enabled (WUE = 1), when a START condition is detected, the WUF bit is set to
"1".
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit1
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no START condition has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a START condition has been detected.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit0] WUE: MCU standby mode wakeup function enable bit
This bit enables or disables the MCU standby mode wakeup function in stop mode or watch mode.
In stop mode or watch mode, when this bit is set to "1" and a START condition is generated, a wakeup
interrupt request is generated to start the I2C operation.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the MCU standby mode wakeup function in stop mode or watch mode.
Writing "1"
Enables the MCU standby mode wakeup function in stop mode or watch mode.
Notes:
• Write "1" to this bit right before the MCU enters stop mode or watch mode. To ensure that the I2C operation
can restart immediately after the MCU wakes up from stop mode or watch mode, clear (write "0" to) this bit
as soon as possible.
• When a wakeup interrupt request is generated, the MCU wakes up after the oscillation stabilization wait time
elapses. In order to prevent data loss from occurring immediately after the MCU wakes up, after 100 µs
(assuming that the minimum oscillation stabilization wait time is 100 µs) elapses since a wakeup caused by
the start of I2C transmission (upon detection of the falling edge of SDAn), the SCLn must rise in the first
cycle and the first bit must be received as data.
• In standby mode of the MCU, the status flags, state machine, and I2C bus output for the I2C function keep
their states existing before the MCU entered standby mode. To prevent a hang-up of the entire I2C bus system,
ensure that IBSRn:BB is set to "0" before making the MCU enter standby mode.
• The wakeup function does not support the transition of the MCU to stop mode or watch mode with the BB
bit set to "1". When the MCU enters stop mode or watch mode with the BB bit set to "1", a bus error occurs
upon detection of a START condition.
• The wakeup function is effective only when the MCU is in stop mode or watch mode.
Note:
The values of the AACKX, INTS, and WUE bits in the IBCR0n register become "0" and
non-writable when the I2C operation is disabled (ICCRn:EN = 0).
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Manual
I2C Bus Control Register 1 ch. n (IBCR1n)
23.7.2
The I2C bus control register 1 ch. n (IBCR1n) controls the following functions:
bus error interrupt, START condition generation, master/slave mode selection,
data acknowledge, general call acknowledge and transfer completion interrupt.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BER
BEIE
SCC
MSS
DACKE
GACKE
INTE
INT
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] BER: Bus error interrupt request flag bit
This bit detects the bus error.
When this bit and the BEIE bit are both set to "1", a bus error interrupt is generated.
This bit is set to "1" when an invalid START condition or an invalid STOP condition is detected.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit7
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no bus error has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that an invalid START condition or an invalid STOP condition has been detected.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit6] BEIE: Bus error interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the bus error interrupt.
When this bit and the BER bit are both set to "1", a bus error interrupt request is generated.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the bus error interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the bus error interrupt.
[bit5] SCC: START condition generation bit
This bit generates a repeated START condition to restart communications in master mode.
In master mode, writing "1" to this bit generates a repeated START condition.
Writing "0" to this bit has no effect on operation.
bit5
Details
Read access
The read value is always "0".
Writing "0"
Has no effect on operation.
Writing "1"
Generates a repeated START condition in master mode.
Notes:
• Do not set this bit to "1" or the IBCR1n:MSS bit to "0" at the same time.
• With the IBCR1n:INT bit set to "0", an attempt to write "1" to the SCC bit is ignored (no START condition
is generated). In addition, with the INT bit set to "1", when writing "1" to the SCC bit and writing "0" to the
INT bit occur simultaneously, writing "1" to the SCC bit is given priority.
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[bit4] MSS: Master/slave select bit
This bit selects an operation mode from master mode and slave mode.
Writing "1" to this bit while the I2C bus is in the idle state (IBSRn:BB = 0) selects master mode, generates a
START condition, and then starts address transfer.
Writing "0" to the bit while the I2C bus is in the busy state (IBSRn:BB = 1) selects slave mode, generates a
STOP condition, and then terminates data transfer.
When an arbitration lost occurs during data or address transfer in master mode, this bit is cleared to "0" and
the operation mode switches to slave mode.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Slave mode
Writing "1"
Master mode
Notes:
• Do not set this bit to "0" or the SCC bit to "1" at the same time.
• With the INT bit set to "0", an attempt to write "0" to the MSS bit is ignored. With the INT bit set to "1’, when
writing "0" to the MSS bit and writing "0" to the INT bit occur simultaneously, writing "0" to the MSS bit is
given priority.
• In slave mode, during transmission or reception, writing "1" to the MSS bit does not set the ALF bi to "1".
Do not write "1" to the MSS bit during transmission or reception in slave mode.
[bit3] DACKE: Data acknowledge enable bit
This bit controls the data acknowledge in data reception.
Writing "0" to this bit disables data acknowledge output.
Writing "1" to this bit enables data acknowledge output. In master mode, with this bit set to "1", a data
acknowledge is output in the ninth SCLn cycle during data reception. In slave mode, a data acknowledge is
output in the ninth SCLn cycle only when an address acknowledgment has already been output.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables data acknowledge output.
Writing "1"
Enables data acknowledge output.
[bit2] GACKE: General call address acknowledge enable bit
This bit controls the general call address acknowledge.
Writing "0" to this bit disables general call address acknowledge output.
With this bit set to "1", in master mode or slave mode, when a general call address acknowledge (0x00) is
received, a general call address acknowledge is output.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the general call address acknowledge.
Writing "1"
Enables the general call address acknowledge.
[bit1] INTE: Transfer completion interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the transfer completion interrupt.
When this bit and the IBCR1n:INT bit are both set to "1", a transfer completion interrupt request is
generated.
bit1
390
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the transfer completion interrupt.
Writing "1"
Enables the transfer completion interrupt.
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[bit0] INT: Transfer completion interrupt request flag bit
This bit detects the transfer completion.
When this bit and the INTE bit are both set to "1", a transfer completion interrupt request is generated.
If one of the following four conditions is satisfied, upon completion of transferring 1-byte address or data
(the setting of the INTS bit determines whether the 1-byte address or data includes an acknowledge.), this bit
is set to "1".
• In bus master mode
• The device is addressed as slave.
• The I2C bus interface has received a general call address.
• The I2C bus interface has detected an arbitration lost.
• Arbitration lost detected
If one of the following two conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "0".
• "0" is written to this bit.
• In master mode, a repeated START condition (IBCR1n:SCC = 1) or a STOP condition (IBCR1n:MSS = 0) is
generated.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
Writing "0" to clear this bit (its value becomes "0") releases the SCLn line, and the transmission of the next
byte of data is then enabled.
bit0
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that data transfer has not been completed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that1-byte data (including an acknowledge) transfer has been completed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
Notes:
• In the case of writing "1" to the SCC bit while this bit is "0", the setting of the SCC bit is given priority, and
a START condition is generated.
• In the case of writing "0" to the MSS bit while this bit is "0", the setting of the MSS bit is given priority, and
a STOP condition is generated.
• During data reception, with the IBCR0n:INTS bit already set to "1", this bit becomes "1" after 1-byte data
(not including an acknowledge) transfer is completed. If the INTS bit is set to "0", this bit becomes "1" after
the transmission/reception of 1-byte data/address (including an acknowledge) is completed.
Notes:
• When clearing the interrupt request flag bit (IBCR1n:BER) by writing "0" to it, do not
update the interrupt request enable bit (IBCR1n:BEIE) at the same time.
• All bits in the IBCR1n register except the BER and BEIE bits are cleared to "0" either
when the I2C bus interface operation is disabled (ICCRn:EN = 0).
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I2C Bus Status Register ch. n (IBSRn)
23.7.3
The I2C bus status register ch. n (IBSRn) indicates the status of the I2C bus
interface.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BB
RSC
—
LRB
TRX
AAS
GCA
FBT
Attribute
R
R
—
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] BB: Bus busy bit
This bit indicates the bus state.
bit7
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that a STOP condition has been detected and the bus has entered the idle state.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a START condition has been detected and the bus has entered the busy state.
[bit6] RSC: Repeated START condition detection bit
This bit detects the repeated START condition.
This bit is set to "1" when a repeated START condition is detected.
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "0".
• "0" is written to the IBCR1n:INT bit.
• In slave mode, the slave address does not match the address set in the IAARn register.
• In slave mode, the slave address matches the address set in the IAARn register but the IBCR0n:AACKX bit
is set to "1".
• In slave mode, the device receives a general call address, but the IBCR1n:GACKE bit is set to "0".
• A STOP condition is detected.
bit6
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no repeated START condition has been detected.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the bus is in use and a repeated START condition has been detected.
[bit5] Undefined bit
The read value of this bit is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
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[bit4] LRB: Acknowledge storage bit
This bit captures the value of the SDAn line in the ninth shift clock cycle during data byte transfer.
This bit is set to "1" when no acknowledge has been detected (SDAn = "H").
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "0".
• An acknowledge is detected (SDAn = "L").
• A START condition or a STOP condition is detected.
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that an acknowledge has been detected in the ninth shift clock cycle.
Reading "1"
Indicates that no acknowledge has been detected in the ninth shift clock cycle.
Note: According to the above description, this bit must be read after an acknowledge (Read the bit value at a
transfer completion interrupt in the ninth SCLn cycle). Therefore, if an acknowledge is read with the
IBCR0n:INTS bit set to "1", write "0" to the INTS bit at a transfer completion interrupt generated in
the eighth SCLn cycle so that another transfer completion interrupt is to be generated in the ninth
SCLn cycle.
[bit3] TRX: Data transfer status bit
This bit indicates the data transfer mode.
This bit is set to "1" when data transfer is executed in transmission mode.
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "0".
• In receive mode, data transfer is executed.
• The device receives an NACK in slave transmit mode.
bit3
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the data transfer mode is receive mode.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the data transfer mode is transmit mode.
[bit2] AAS: Addressing detection bit
This bit indicates whether the MCU has undergone addressing in slave mode.
This bit is set to "1" when the MCU has undergone addressing in slave mode.
This bit is set to "0" when a START condition or a STOP condition has been detected.
bit2
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the MCU has not undergone addressing in slave mode.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the MCU has undergone addressing in slave mode.
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[bit1] GCA: General call address detection bit
This bit detects a general call address.
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "1".
• The device receives a general call address (0x00) in slave mode.
• With IBCR1n:GACKE set to "1", the device receives a general call address (0x00) in master mode.
• In master mode, an arbitration lost is detected during the transmission of the second byte of a general call
address.
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "0".
• A START condition or a STOP condition is detected.
• In master mode, no arbitration lost is detected during the transmission of the second byte of a general call
address.
bit1
Details
I2C
Reading "0"
Indicates that the
Reading "1"
Indicates that the I2C bus interface has received a general call address (0x00) in slave mode.
bus interface has not received a general call address (0x00) in slave mode.
[bit0] FBT: First byte detection bit
This bit detects the first byte.
This bit is set to "1" when a START condition is detected.
If one of the following conditions is satisfied, this bit is set to "0".
• "0" is written to the IBCR1n:INT bit.
• In slave mode, the slave address does not match the address set in the IAARn register.
• In slave mode, the slave address matches the address set in the IAARn register, but the IBCR0n:AACKX bit
is "1".
• In slave mode, the device receives a general call address, but the IBCR1n:GACKE bit is "0".
• In slave mode, a STOP condition is detected.
bit0
394
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the receive data is not the first byte in data reception.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the receive data is the first byte (address) in data reception.
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23.7 Registers
Ha rdware
23.7.4
Manual
I2C Data Register ch. n (IDDRn)
The I2C data register ch. n (IDDRn) sets the data or address to be transmitted,
and holds the data or address received.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
In transmit mode, each bit of the data or address value written to the register is shifted to the
SDAn line, starting with the MSB. The write side of this register is double-buffered, where if
the bus is in use (IBSRn:BB = 1), the write data is loaded to the 8-bit shift register either when
the current data transfer completion interrupt is cleared (writing "0" to the IBCR1n:INT bit) or
when a repeated start condition is generated (writing "1" to the IBCR1n:SCC bit). Each bit of
the shift register data is output (shifted) to the SDAn line.
Note that writing to this register has no effect on the current data transfer. In slave mode,
however, data is transferred to the shift register after the address is determined.
The received data or address can be read from this register at the transfer completion interrupt
(IBCR1n:INT = 1). However, since the serial transfer register is directly read from when the
received data or address is read, the receive data is valid only when the INT bit is "1".
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.7 Registers
H ard war e
23.7.5
Ma nu al
I2C Address Register ch. n (IAARn)
The I2C address register ch. n (IAARn) register sets the slave address.
In slave mode, the I2C bus interface receives address data from the master and
compares it with the value of this register.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
Attribute
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] Undefined bit
The read value of this bit is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6:0] A[6:0]: Address bits
These bits set the slave address.
396
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.7 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
I2C Clock Control Register ch. n (ICCRn)
23.7.6
The I2C clock control register ch. n (ICCRn) register enables the I2C operation
and selects the shift clock frequency.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
DMBP
Reserved
EN
CS4
CS3
CS2
CS1
CS0
Attribute
R/W
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] DMBP: Divider m bypass bit
This bit is used to bypass the divider m to generate the shift clock frequency.
Writing "0" to this bit sets the value set in the CS[4:3] bits as the divider m value (m = ICCRn:CS[4:3]).
When "1" is written to this bit, the divider m is to be bypassed.
Do not write "1" to this bit when the value of divider n is "4" (ICCRn:CS[2:0] = 0b000).
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
The settings of ICCRn:CS[4:3] (clock divide m) are valid.
Writing "1"
The settings of ICCRn:CS[4:3] (clock divide m) are invalid.
[bit6] Reserved bit
Always set this bit "0".
[bit5] EN: I2C bus interface operation enable bit
This bit enables the I2C bus interface operation.
Writing "0" to this bit disables the I2C bus interface operation and clears the following bits to "0".
• AACKX, INTS, and WUE bits in the IBCR0n register
• All bits in the IBCR1n register except the BER and BEIE bits
• All bits in the IBSRn register
Writing "1" to this bit enables the I2C bus interface operation.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the I2C bus interface operation.
Writing "1"
Enables the I2C bus interface operation.
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit4:3] CS[4:3]: Clock-1 select bits (Divider m)
[bit2:0] CS[2:0]: Clock-2 select bits (Divider n)
These bits set the shift clock frequency.
The shift clock frequency (Fsck) is set by the following equation:

Fsck =
(m  n + 2)
 represents the machine clock frequency (MCLK).
bit4:3
Details
Writing "00"
5
Writing "01"
6
Writing "10"
7
Writing "11"
8
bit2:0
Details
Writing "000"
4
Writing "001"
8
Writing "010"
22
Writing "011"
38
Writing "100"
98
Writing "101"
128
Writing "110"
256
Writing "111"
512
Note:
If the standby mode wakeup function is not used, disable the I2C bus interface operation
before making the MCU transit to stop mode or watch mode.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.8 Notes on Using I2C Bus Interface
Ha rdware
23.8
Manual
Notes on Using I2C Bus Interface
This section provides notes on using the I2C bus interface.
■ Notes on Using I2C Bus Interface
● Notes on setting I2C bus interface registers
•
Enable the I2C bus interface operation (ICCRn:EN) before setting the I2C bus control
registers ch. n (IBCR0n and IBCR1n).
•
Setting the master/slave select bit (IBCR1n:MSS) to "1" starts data transfer.
● Notes on setting the shift clock frequency
•
The shift clock frequency can be calculated by determining the m, n, and DMBP values
using the Fsck equation. See "23.7.6 I2C Clock Control Register ch. n (ICCRn)" for details
of the Fsck equation.
•
Do not write "1" to the DMBP bit in the ICCRn register if the value of n is 4
(ICCRn:CS[2:0] = 0b000).
● Notes on priority for simultaneous write operations
•
Conflict between next byte transfer and stop condition
When writing "0" to IBCR1n:MSS and clearing IBCR1n:INT occur simultaneously, the
MSS bit is given priority and a STOP condition is generated.
•
Conflict between next byte transfer and start condition
When writing "1" to IBCR1n:SCC and clearing IBCR1n:INT occur simultaneously, the
SCC bit is given priority and a START condition is generated.
● Notes on setting up using software
•
Do not select the repeated START condition (IBCR1n:SCC = 1) or slave mode
(IBCR1n:MSS = 0) simultaneously.
•
The I2C bus interface cannot return from interrupt processing if an interrupt request enable
bit is enabled (IBCR1n:BEIE = 1 or IBCR1n:INTE = 1) with the interrupt request flag bit
(IBCR1n:BER or IBCR1n:INT) set to "1". Clear the BER bit or the INT bit.
•
The following bits are cleared to "0" when the I2C bus interface operation is disabled
(ICCRn:EN = 0).
- AACKX, INTS, and WUE bits in the IBCR0n register
- All bits in the IBCR1n register except the BER bit and the BEIE bit
- All bits in the IBSRn register
● Notes on data acknowledgment
In slave mode, a data acknowledge is generated if one of the following conditions is satisfied.
- The received address matches the value in the address register (IAARn) and
IBCR0n:AACKX is "0".
- A general call address (0x00) is received and IBCR1n:GACKE is "1".
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CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS INTERFACE
23.8 Notes on Using I2C Bus Interface
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Notes on selecting the transfer complete timing
•
The transfer complete timing select bit (IBCR0n:INTS) is valid only during data reception
(IBSRn:TRX = 0 and IBSRn:FBT = 0).
•
In an operation other than data reception (IBSRn:TRX = 1 or IBSRn:FBT = 1), the transfer
completion interrupt (IBCR1n:INT) is always generated in the ninth SCLn cycle.
•
If the data acknowledge depends on the content of the received data (such as packet error
checking used by the SM bus), control the data acknowledge by setting the data
acknowledge enable bit (IBCR1n:DACKE) after writing "1" to the IBCR0n:INTS bit (for
example, using a previous transfer completion interrupt) to read latest received data.
•
The latest data acknowledge (IBSRn:LRB) can be read after the acknowledge is received
(IBSRn:LRB must be read at a transfer completion interrupt in the ninth SCLn cycle.)
Therefore, if an acknowledge is read with the IBCR0n:INTS bit set to "1", write "0" to the
INTS bit at a transfer completion interrupt generated in the eighth SCLn cycle so that
another transfer completion interrupt is to be generated in the ninth SCLn cycle.
● Notes on using the MCU standby mode wakeup function
400
•
Write "1" to the IBCR0n:WUE bit right before the MCU enters stop mode or watch mode.
To ensure that the I2C operation can restart immediately after the MCU wakes up from stop
mode or watch mode, clear (write "0" to) this bit as soon as possible.
•
When a wakeup interrupt request is generated, the MCU wakes up after the oscillation
stabilization wait time elapses. In order to prevent data loss from occurring immediately
after the MCU wakes up, after 100 µs (assuming that the minimum oscillation stabilization
wait time is 100 µs) elapses since a wakeup caused by the start of I2C transmission (upon
detection of the falling edge of SDAn), the SCLn must rise in the first cycle and the first bit
must be received as data.
•
In standby mode of the MCU, the status flags, state machine, and I2C bus output for the I2C
function keep their states existing before the MCU entered standby mode. To prevent a
hang-up of the entire I2C bus system, ensure that IBSRn:BB is set to "0" before making the
MCU enter standby mode.
•
The wakeup function does not support the transition of the MCU to stop mode or watch
mode with the BB bit set to "1". When the MCU enters stop mode or watch mode with the
BB bit set to "1", a bus error occurs upon detection of a START condition.
•
To ensure that the I2C bus interface operation correctly executes its operation, always clear
IBCR0n:WUE to "0" after the MCU wakes up from stop mode or watch mode, regardless
of whether the MCU has been woken up by to the I2C wakeup function or the wakeup
function of another resource (such as an external interrupt).
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 24
LCD CONTROLLER
(MB95710L SERIES)
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the LCD controller (LCDC).
24.1 Overview
24.2 Configuration
24.3 Pins
24.4 Display RAM
24.5 Interrupt
24.6 Operations
24.7 Registers
24.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.1 Overview
H ard war e
24.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The LCD controller has two modes: 8 COM mode and 4 COM mode.
In 8 COM mode, the LCD controller can use 36 bytes of display data memory
and controls an LCD display via eight common outputs and 36 segment
outputs. It also has two different bias output options for driving an LCD panel.
In 4 COM mode, the LCD controller can use 20 bytes of display data memory
and controls an LCD display via four common outputs and 40 segment outputs.
It also has three different bias output options for driving an LCD panel.
■ Functions of LCD Controller
The LCD controller uses its segment and common outputs to display the content of the display
data memory (display RAM) directly on the LCD panel.
•
It selects the 8 COM mode and the 4 COM mode through software.
•
It has an LCD drive voltage divider resistor whose resistance value can be selected from
10 k or 100 k through software. An external divider resistor can also be used instead.
•
In 8 COM mode, eight common outputs (COM0 to COM7) and 36 segment outputs
(SEG00 to SEG35) are available.
•
In 4 COM mode, four common outputs (COM0 to COM3) and 40 segment outputs (SEG00
to SEG39) are available.
•
The display RAM size is 36 bytes (36  8 bits) in 8 COM mode and 20 bytes (40  4 bits)
in 4 COM mode.
•
It can use the main clock or the subclock as its operating clock.
•
It has a blinking function, which is only available to certain pins.
•
It can directly drive an LCD panel.
•
In 8 COM mode, the bias can be selected from 1/3 or 1/4.
•
In 4 COM mode, the duty can be selected from 1/2, 1/3 or 1/4 (governed by the bias
setting).
•
The interrupt is in sync with the LCD module frame frequency.
Table 24.1-1 lists the bias-duty combinations available.
Table 24.1-1 Combinations of Bias and Duty
Duty
1/2 bias
1/3 bias
1/4 bias
1/2
❍
X
X
1/3
X
❍
X
1/4
X
❍
X
1/8, BLS8 = 0
X
❍
X
1/8, BLS8 = 1
X
X
❍
❍ : Recommended combination
X : Prohibited combination
402
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
24.2
Manual
Configuration
The LCD controller consists of the following blocks, which are divided
according to their functions into a controller section that generates the
segment and common signals based on the content of the display RAM, and a
driver section that drives the LCD.
Controller section
• LCDC control registers (LCDCC1 and LCDCC2)
• LCDC enable registers (LCDCE1 to LCDCE7)
• LCDC blinking setting registers (LCDCB1 and LCDCB2)
• Display RAM
• Clock selection
• Timing control
Driver section
• AC waveform generator circuit
• Common driver
• Segment driver
• Divider resistor
■ Block Diagrams of LCD Controller
Figure 24.2-1 Block Diagram of LCD Controller (8 COM Mode)
Main clock
Subclock
Clock
selection
Timing
control
Display RAM:
36 × 8 bits
(36 bytes)
Controller section
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
Internal divider
resistor
AC waveform
generator circuit
Internal bus
LCDC control registers
(LCDCC1, LCDCC2)
LCDC enable registers
(LCDCE1 to LCDCE7)
LCDC blinking setting registers
(LCDCB1, LCDCB2)
Common
driver
COM0
to
COM7
Segment
driver
SEG00
to
SEG35
Driver section
403
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 24.2-2 Block Diagram of LCD Controller (4 COM Mode)
Main clock
Clock
selection
Subclock
Internal divider
resistor
Timing
control
AC waveform
generator circuit
Internal bus
LCDC control registers
(LCDCC1, LCDCC2)
LCDC enable registers
(LCDCE1 to LCDCE7)
LCDC blinking setting registers
(LCDCB1, LCDCB2)
Display RAM:
40 × 4 bits
(20 bytes)
Controller section
Common
driver
COM0
to
COM3
Segment
driver
SEG00
to
SEG39
Driver section
● LCDC control register 1 (LCDCC1)
This register selects the clock for generating the frame period, the display mode, the frame
period clock, and controls the LCD drive power supply.
● LCDC control register 2 (LCDCC2)
This register enables and disables interrupts, indicates interrupt status and sets the following
parameters:
- Internal resistance value (10 k or 100 k)
- Bias to be used in 8 COM mode (1/3 or 1/4)
- Displaying data or a blank screen
- Inverted display
● LCDC enable registers 1 to 7 (LCDCE1 to LCDCE7)
These registers control port inputs, blink interval, and pins.
● LCDC blinking setting register 1 (LCDCB1), LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2)
These registers turn on and off blinking.
● Display RAM
In 8 COM mode, 36  8 bits of RAM is available for generating segment output signals.
In 4 COM mode, 40  4 bits of RAM is available for generating segment output signals.
The content of the display RAM is read automatically in sync with the common signal
selection timing and is output from segment output pins.
When the display RAM is modified, the content of the VRAM is output from segment output
pins.
404
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
● Clock selection
The frame frequency is generated based on the frequency selected from eight options generated
from two types of clock.
● Timing control
The COM signals and SEG signals are controlled based on the frame frequency and register
settings.
● AC waveform generator circuit
The circuit generates AC waveforms for driving the LCD according to timing control signals.
● Common driver
This is the driver of the LCD common (COM) pins.
● Segment driver
This is the driver of the LCD segment (SEG) pins.
● Divider resistor
This resistor generates the LCD drive voltage. An external divider resistor can be used when an
LCD drive power supply pin (V0 to V4) serves as a divider resistor connection pin.
■ LCD Controller Power Supply Voltage
The power supply voltage for the LCD driver is generated by the internal divider resistors or by
connecting an external divider resistor to an LCD drive power supply pin (V0 to V4).
■ Input Clock
The LCD controller uses the clock output from the time-base timer or from the watch prescaler
as the input clock (operation clock).
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
H ard war e
24.2.1
Ma nu al
Internal Divider Resistors of LCD Controller
The internal driver resistors generate power supply voltage for the LCD driver.
■ Internal Divider Resistors
This series has internal divider resistors. In addition, an external divider resistor can be
connected to an LCD drive power supply pin (V0 to V4).
The internal and external divider resistors are selected by the driving power control bit in the
LCDC control register (LCDCC1:VSEL). Setting the VSEL bit to "1" energizes internal
divider resistors. To use only internal divider resistors without using any external divider
resistor, set the VE3 bit in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1) to "1". (When the internal
divider resistors are used, the V4 pin cannot be used as a general-purpose I/O port.)
With the LCD operation stopped (LCDCC1:MS[2:0] = 0b000) and the LCD controller
operation in main stop mode or in watch mode disabled (LCDCC1:LCDEN = 0), the LCD
controller stops immediately after the device transits to main stop or watch mode
(STBC:TMD = 1).
Figure 24.2-3 shows an equivalent circuit with internal divider resistors used.
406
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.2-3 Equivalent Circuit with Internal Divider Resistors Used
VCC
V4
V4
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
V3
V3
Bias select signal
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
V2
V2
V1
V1
V0
Internal resistance
select signal
V0
LCD enable
N-ch
10 kΩ or 100 kΩ
select signal
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Use of Internal Divider Resistors and Brightness Control
There are two types of internal divider resistor: 10 k and 100 k. Figure 24.2-4 shows
examples of using internal divider resistors.
If sufficient brightness cannot be achieved with the internal divider resistors in use, connect a
variable resistor (VR) externally (between the Vcc pin and the V4 pin) to adjust the voltage of
the V4 pin. Figure 24.2-5 illustrates connecting a VR to the V4 pin to control brightness.
Figure 24.2-4 Circuits with Internal Divider Resistors
VCC
VCC
VR
V4
VR
V4
V4
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V3
V3
10 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V2
V2
V2
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V1
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
LCD enable
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
V0
LCD enable
On
1/4 bias internal connection with 100 kΩ internal resistors
90 kΩ
V0
1/3 bias internal connection with 100 kΩ internal resistors
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V2
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
V0
On
1/4 bias internal connection with 10 kΩ internal resistors
V1
V1
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
V2
10 kΩ
V1
10 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
V2
10 kΩ
VR
V4
10 kΩ
V3
90 kΩ
VCC
V4
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
1/2 bias internal connection with 100 kΩ internal resistors
VR
V4
90 kΩ
V0
On
VCC
VR
10 kΩ
LCD enable
On
VCC
LCD enable
V1
V1
10 kΩ
408
VCC
VR
LCD enable
90 kΩ
V0
On
1/3 bias internal connection with 10 kΩ internal resistors
LCD enable
V0
On
1/2 bias internal connection with 10 kΩ internal resistors
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.2-5 Brightness Control by Connecting VR to V4 Pin
VCC
VR
V4
V4
R
V3
V3
R
V2
V2
R
V1
V1
R
V0
V0
LCD enable
N-ch
For brightness control
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
H ard war e
24.2.2
Ma nu al
External Divider Resistor for LCD Controller
The V0 to V4 pins of this series can be connected to external divider resistors.
Connecting a variable resistor between the Vcc pin and the V4 pin can control
brightness.
■ External Divider Resistor
Instead of internal divider resistors, external divider resistors can be connected to the LCD
drive power supply pins (V0 to V4). Figure 24.2-6 illustrates external divider resistors
connection with bias. Table 24.2-1 shows LCD drive voltages.
Figure 24.2-6 External Divider Resistors Connection
VCC
VCC
VCC
VR
VR
V4
VR
V4
V4
R
R
V3
R
V3
V3
R
V2
VLCD
V2
R
VLCD
R
V1
V1
V1
R
R
V0
1/4 bias
V2
VLCD
R
V0
V0
1/3 bias
1/2 bias
Table 24.2-1 LCD Drive Voltage Settings
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
1/2 bias
VLCD
X
1/2 VLCD
X
GND
1/3 bias
VLCD
2/3 VLCD
2/3 VLCD
1/3 VLCD
GND
1/4 bias
VLCD
3/4 VLCD
1/2 VLCD
1/4 VLCD
GND
VLCD : LCD operating voltage
410
X
: No external divider resistor
GND
: Ground
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Using External Divider Resistors
Since the V0 pin is connected to Vss (GND) internally via a transistor, in the case of using
external divider resistors, connecting the Vss end of a divider resistor to the V0 pin cuts off
current that is flowing to resistors when the LCD controller stops. illustrates the use of external
divider resistors.
Figure 24.2-7 Use of External Divider Resistors
VCC
VR
V4
10 kΩ
RX
90 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
RX
90 kΩ
V2
10 kΩ
RX
90 kΩ
V1
10 kΩ
RX
90 kΩ
LCD enable (Q1)
V0
On
1. To connect the external divider resistors without being affected by the internal divider
resistors, write "0" to the drive voltage control bit in the LCDC control register 1
(LCDCC1:VSEL) to disconnect all internal divider resistors. Write "1" to the V4 to V0
select bits in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1:VE[4:0]) to use a pin as an LCD drive
power supply pin.
2. When the internal divider resistors are disconnected, writing a value other than "0b000" to
the display mode select bits (MS[2:0]) in the LCDCC1 register turns on the LCDC enable
transistor (Q1) and, in turn, current flows to the external divider resistors.
3. Writing "0b000" to the MS[2:0] bits turns off the LCDC enable transistor (Q1) and, in turn,
no current flows to the external divider resistors.
Note:
The appropriate resistance of an external RX resistor depends on the LCD used. Use an
external RX resistor whose resistance is suitable for the LCD used.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
411
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.3 Pins
H ard war e
24.3
Ma nu al
Pins
This section describes the pins of the LCD controller.
■ Pins of LCD Controller
The LCD controller has the following pins: eight common output pins (COM0 to COM7), 40
segment output pins (SEG00 to SEG39), and five LCD drive power supply pins (V0 to V4).
To use one of these pins for the LCD, set a bit corresponding to that pin in the LCDC enable
registers (LCDCE1 to LCDCE7) to "1".
To use a pin for the LCD shared with a general-purpose I/O port as a general-purpose I/O port,
set a bit corresponding to that pin in an LCDC enable register (LCDCE1 to LCDCE7) to "0",
and then set the port input control bit in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1:PICTL) to "1".
● COM0 to COM7 pins
In 8 COM mode, COM0 to COM7 function as LCD common output pins.
In 4 COM mode, COM0 to COM3 function as LCD common output pins, and COM4 to
COM7 function only as general-purpose I/O ports regardless of the settings of the LCDCE1 to
LCDCE7 registers.
COM0 to COM7 can also function as general-purpose I/O ports.
● SEG00 to SEG39 pins
In 8 COM mode, SEG00 to SEG35 function as LCD segment output pins, and the default
functions of SEG36 to SEG39 are general-purpose I/O ports regardless of the settings of the
LCDCE1 to LCDCE7 registers.
In 4 COM mode, SEG00 to SEG39 function as LCD segment output pins.
SEG00 to SEG39 can also function as general-purpose I/O ports.
● V0 to V4 pins
V0 to V4 are power supply pins for driving the LCD.
They can also function as general-purpose I/O ports.
412
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.4 Display RAM
Ha rdware
24.4
Manual
Display RAM
The display RAM size varies between 8 COM mode and 4 COM mode.
In 8 COM mode, the display RAM has 36  8 bits (36 bytes) of display data
memory for generating segment output signals.
In 4 COM mode, the display RAM has 40  4 bits (20 bytes) of display data
memory for generating segment output signals.
■ Display RAM and Output Pins
The content of the display RAM is read automatically in sync with the common signal
selection timing and is output from segment output pins.
A bit containing "1" is converted into a selected voltage (displayed on the LCD); a bit
containing "0" into a non-select voltage (not displayed on the LCD).
Since the LCD display operation is executed asynchronously with the CPU operation, data can
be read from or written to the display RAM at any time. When a pin shared between a segment
output pin and a general-purpose I/O port pin is not used as a segment output pin, the pin can
be used as a general-purpose I/O port, and the display RAM corresponding to such pin can be
used as normal RAM. Table 24.4-1 shows the relationship between duty setting/common
outputs and the display RAM bits used.
Figure 24.4-1 and Figure 24.4-2 shows how display RAM addresses are allocated for common
output pins and segment output pins in 8 COM mode and in 4 COM mode respectively.
Table 24.4-1 Relationship Between Duty Settings/Common Outputs and Display RAM Bits
Used
Display data bits used
Duty setting
1/2
Common output pins used
COM0, COM1 (2 pins)
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
-
-
❍
❍
-
-
❍
❍
1/3
COM0 to COM2 (3 pins)
-
❍
❍
❍
-
❍
❍
❍
1/4
COM0 to COM3 (4 pins)
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
1/8
COM0 to COM7 (8 pins)
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍ : Bit used
- : Bit not used
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
413
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.4 Display RAM
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 24.4-1 Display RAM and Common/Segment Output Pins in 8 COM Mode
RAM address
n
n+1
n+2
n+3
n+4
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
SEG00
SEG01
SEG02
SEG03
SEG04
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
n+30
n+31
n+32
n+33
n+34
n+35
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
COM7
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
COM6
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
COM5
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
COM4
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
COM3
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
COM2
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
COM1
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
COM0
SEG30
SEG31
SEG32
SEG33
SEG34
SEG35
Area and COM pins used at 1/8 duty
Figure 24.4-2 Display RAM and Common/Segment Output Pins in 4 COM Mode
RAM address
n
n+1
n+2
:
n+17
n+18
n+19
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
SEG00
SEG01
SEG02
SEG03
SEG04
SEG05
:
:
:
:
:
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
COM3
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
COM2
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
COM1
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
COM0
SEG34
SEG35
SEG36
SEG37
SEG38
SEG39
Area and COM pins used at 1/2 duty
Area and COM pins used at 1/3 duty
Area and COM pins used at 1/4 duty
Note:
In the RAM address column, "n" represents "0x0FBD".
414
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.5 Interrupt
Ha rdware
24.5
Manual
Interrupt
The LCD controller generates interrupts in sync with the LCD module frame
frequency.
■ Interrupt during LCD Controller Operation
On completing processing a frame, the LCD controller sets the LCDC interrupt request flag bit
(LCDCC2:LCDIF) to "1". If the interrupt request has already been enabled
(LCDCC2:LCDIEN = 1) when the LCDIF bit is set to "1", the LCD controller makes an
interrupt request to the interrupt controller. To clear an interrupt request, write "0" to the
LCDIF bit during the interrupt service routine.
The LCD controller always sets the LCDIF bit to "1" on completing processing a frame,
regardless of the value of the LCDIEN bit. After the LCD controller makes an interrupt
request, when both the LCDIF bit and the LCDIEN bit remain "1", the CPU cannot return from
the interrupt service routine. To enable the CPU to return from the interrupt service routine,
always clear the LCDIF bit to "0" after the LCD controller makes an interrupt request.
Figure 24.5-1 Interrupt Timing Chart
1st frame
2nd frame
Interrupt
COM0
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM1
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM2
.
.
.
COM6
COM7
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
SEGn
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
415
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
H ard war e
24.6
Ma nu al
Operations
This section describes the operations of the LCD controller.
Figure 24.6-1 shows the settings required for LCD display in 8 COM mode.
Figure 24.6-1 LCD Controller Settings in 8 COM Mode
LCDCC1
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
CSS
LCDEN
VSEL
MS2
MS1
MS0
FP1
FP0
❍
❍
❍
1
0/1
0/1
❍
❍
LCDCC2
LCDCE1
LCDCE2
LCDCE3
LCDCE4
LCDCE5
LCDCE6
LCDCE7
LCDCB1
LCDCB2
-
-
RSEL
BLS8
INV
BK
LCDIEN
LCDIF
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
PICTL
BLSEL
VE4
VE3
VE2
VE1
VE0
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
-
COM7
COM6
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG07
SEG06
SEG05
SEG04
SEG03
SEG02
SEG01
SEG00
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG15
SEG14
SEG13
SEG12
SEG11
SEG10
SEG09
SEG08
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
SEG20
SEG19
SEG18
SEG17
SEG16
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG39
SEG38
SEG37
SEG36
SEG35
SEG34
SEG33
SEG32
-
-
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD7
BLD6
BLD5
BLD4
BLD3
BLD2
BLD1
BLD0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD15
BLD14
BLD13
BLD12
BLD11
BLD10
BLD9
BLD8
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Display RAM
❍
1
0/1
416
:
:
:
:
Display data
Bit used
Bit not used
Write "1".
Write "0" or "1".
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.6-2 LCD Controller Setting Flow in 8 COM Mode
Initialize the registers.
8 COM mode
Use all common/
segment output pin?
Select an operating
mode and functions of
individual pins.
No
4 COM mode
Set PICTL to “1”.
Set the COM/SEG pin select bits
corresponding to pins not used for
common/segment output to “0”.
Yes
Set PICTL to “0”.
Blinking display
No
Set BK to “0”.
Yes
Set BK to “1”.
Select an interval period in BLSEL.
Select blinking display bits in
BLD[15:0].
Set MS[2:0] to “0b100”, “0b101”,
“0b110”or “0b111” to start the LCD.
•
When the selected frame period generation clock is oscillating with the settings made as
shown in Figure 24.6-1, the LCD controller outputs the LCD panel drive waveform to the
common output pins and segment output pins (COM0 to COM7, SEG00 to SEG35)
according to the content of the display RAM and the settings of different LCDC registers.
•
The LCD output pins are selected according to LCDCE1 to LCDCE7. When an LCD
output pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port is not selected as a common/segment
output pin, the pin is used as a general-purpose I/O port.
•
The frame period generation clock can be changed even during LCD display operation. As
the LCD display may flicker when the frame period generation clock is changed, always
turn off the LCD display temporarily, for example, using the display blanking
(LCDCC2:BK = 1) function, before changing the frame period generation clock to prevent
the LCD display from flickering.
•
The display drive output is a 2-frame alternating waveform selected according to bias and
duty settings.
•
To use the blink function, set the corresponding bits in the LCDC blinking setting register 1
(LCDCB1) and the LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2) to "1" to turn on the
blinking function. The blinking interval can be selected from two options in the BLSEL bit
in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 24.6-3 shows the settings required for LCD display in 4 COM mode.
Figure 24.6-3 LCD Controller Settings in 4 COM Mode
LCDCC1
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
CSS
LCDEN
VSEL
MS2
MS1
MS0
FP1
FP0
❍
❍
❍
0
0/1
0/1
❍
❍
LCDCC2
LCDCE1
LCDCE2
LCDCE3
LCDCE4
LCDCE5
LCDCE6
LCDCE7
LCDCB1
LCDCB2
-
-
RSEL
BLS8
INV
BK
LCDIEN
LCDIF
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
PICTL
BLSEL
VE4
VE3
VE2
VE1
VE0
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
-
COM7
COM6
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
-
-
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG07
SEG06
SEG05
SEG04
SEG03
SEG02
SEG01
SEG00
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG15
SEG14
SEG13
SEG12
SEG11
SEG10
SEG09
SEG08
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
SEG20
SEG19
SEG18
SEG17
SEG16
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG39
SEG38
SEG37
SEG36
SEG35
SEG34
SEG33
SEG32
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD7
BLD6
BLD5
BLD4
BLD3
BLD2
BLD1
BLD0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD15
BLD14
BLD13
BLD12
BLD11
BLD10
BLD9
BLD8
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Display RAM
❍
1
0/1
418
:
:
:
:
Display data
Bit used
Bit not used
Write "1".
Write "0" or "1".
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.6-4 LCD Controller Setting Flow in 4 COM Mode
Initialize the registers.
4 COM mode
Use all common/
segment output pin?
Select an operating
mode and functions of
individual pins.
No
8 COM mode
Set PICTL to “1”.
Set the COM/SEG pin select bits
corresponding to pins not used for
common/segment output to “0”.
Yes
Set PICTL to “0”.
Blinking display
No
Set BK to “0”.
Yes
Set BK to “1”.
Select an interval period in BLSEL.
Select blinking display bits in
BLD[15:0].
Set MS[2:0] to “0b001”, “0b010”
or “0b011” to start the LCD.
•
When the selected frame period generation clock is oscillating with the settings made as
shown in Figure 24.6-3, the LCD controller outputs the LCD panel drive waveform to the
common output pins and segment output pins (COM0 to COM3, SEG00 to SEG39)
according to the content of the display RAM and the settings of different LCDC registers.
•
The LCD output pins are selected according to LCDCE1 to LCDCE7. When an LCD
output pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port is not selected as a common/segment
output pin, the pin is used as a general-purpose I/O port.
•
The frame period generation clock can be changed even during LCD display operation. As
the LCD display may flicker when the frame period generation clock is changed, always
turn off the LCD display temporarily, for example, using the display blanking
(LCDCC2:BK = 1) function, before changing the frame period generation clock to prevent
the LCD display from flickering.
•
The display drive output is a 2-frame alternating waveform selected according to bias and
duty settings.
•
The COM2 and COM3 pin outputs in 1/2 duty mode and the COM3 pin output in 1/3 duty
mode can be used to output the non-select level waveform or as I/O ports.
•
To use the blink function, set the corresponding bits in the LCDC blinking setting register 1
(LCDCB1) and the LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2) to "1" to turn on the
blinking function. The blinking interval can be selected from two options in the BLSEL bit
in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
419
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Note:
If the selected frame period generation clock halts during LCD display operation, the AC
waveform generator circuit also halts and therefore a DC voltage is applied to the liquid
crystal elements. In this case, the LCD display operation must be stopped in advance.
The conditions under which the main clock (time-base timer) or subclock (watch
prescaler) halts depend on the selected clock mode and standby mode. The frame period
is also affected if the time-base timer or watch prescaler is cleared depending on the
setting of the frame period generation clock select bit (LCDCC1:CSS).
■ LCD Drive Waveform
Due to the characteristics of the LCD, DC driving of the LCD chemically changes and
degrades the liquid crystal display elements. Therefore, the LCD controller driver contains an
AC waveform generator circuit to drive the LCD using a 2-frame alternating waveform. There
are five types of output waveform as follows:
In 8 COM mode:
•
1/3 bias, 1/8 duty output waveform
•
1/4 bias, 1/8 duty output waveform
In 4 COM mode:
420
•
1/2 bias, 1/2 duty output waveform
•
1/3 bias, 1/3 duty output waveform
•
1/3 bias, 1/4 duty output waveform
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
Ha rdware
24.6.1
Manual
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4
COM Mode (1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty)
The display drive output is a multiplex drive type of 2-frame alternating
waveform.
In 4 COM mode with 1/2 bias and 1/2 duty, only COM0 and COM1 are used for
display; neither COM2 nor COM3 is used.
■ 4 COM Mode, 1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 24.6-5 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 24.6-1.
Table 24.6-1 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
COM3
Content of Display RAM
COM2
COM1
COM0
SEGn
-
-
0
0
SEG(n+1)
-
-
0
1
-: Unused
Figure 24.6-5 4 COM Mode, 1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2=V1
V0=Vss
COM1
V4
V3=V2=V1
V0=Vss
COM2
V4
V3=V2=V1
V0=Vss
COM3
V4
V3=V2=V1
V0=Vss
SEGn
V4
V3=V2=V1
V0=Vss
SEG(n+1)
V4
V3=V2=V1
V0=Vss
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
Vss
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
Vss
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
Vss
-V3
-V4(ON)
1 frame
1 cycle
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
421
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
H ard war e
24.6.2
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4
COM Mode (1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty)
In 4 COM mode with 1/3 bias and 1/3 duty, COM0, COM1, and COM2 are used
for display; COM3 is not used.
■ 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 24.6-6 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 24.6-2.
Table 24.6-2 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
COM3
Content of Display RAM
COM2
COM1
COM0
SEGn
-
1
0
0
SEG(n+1)
-
1
0
1
-: Unused
422
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.6-6 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
COM1
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
COM2
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
COM3
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
SEGn
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
SEG(n+1)
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
1 frame
1 cycle
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
423
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
H ard war e
24.6.3
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4
COM Mode (1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty)
In 4 COM Mode with 1/3 bias and 1/4 duty, COM0 to COM3 are used for display.
■ 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 24.6-7 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 24.6-3.
Table 24.6-3 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
424
COM3
Content of Display RAM
COM2
COM1
COM0
SEGn
0
1
0
0
SEG(n+1)
0
1
0
1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.6-7 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
COM1
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
COM2
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
COM3
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
SEGn
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
SEG(n+1)
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0=Vss
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM3 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
1 frame
1 cycle
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
H ard war e
24.6.4
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8
COM Mode (1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty)
In 8 COM Mode with 1/3 bias and 1/8 duty, COM0 to COM7 are used for display.
■ 8 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 24.6-8 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 24.6-4.
Table 24.6-4 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
SEGn
426
COM7
COM6
0
0
Content of Display RAM
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
0
0
0
0
COM1
COM0
0
1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.6-8 8 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM1
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM2
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM3
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM4
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM5
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM6
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM7
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
SEGn
V4
V3=V2
V1
V0
COM0-SEGn (On)
V4
V3
V1
V0
-V1
-V3
-V4
COM1-SEGn (Off)
V4
V3
V1
V0
-V1
-V3
-V4
1 frame
1 cycle
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
H ard war e
24.6.5
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8
COM Mode (1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty)
In 8 COM Mode with 1/4 bias and 1/8 duty, COM0 to COM7 are used for display.
■ 8 COM Mode, 1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 24.6-9 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 24.6-5.
Table 24.6-5 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
SEGn
428
COM7
COM6
0
0
Content of Display RAM
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
0
0
0
0
COM1
COM0
0
1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 24.6-9 8 COM Mode, 1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM1
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM2
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM3
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM4
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM5
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM6
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
COM7
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
SEGn
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
-V1
-V2
-V3
-V4
COM0-SEGn (On)
V4
V3
V2
V1
V0
-V1
-V2
-V3
-V4
COM1-SEGn (Off)
COM2-SEGn (Off)
COM3-SEGn (Off)
COM4-SEGn (Off)
COM5-SEGn (Off)
COM6-SEGn (Off)
COM7-SEGn (Off)
1 frame
1 cycle
V0 to V4: Respective voltages of V0 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
24.7
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the LCD controller.
Table 24.7-1 List of LCD Controller Registers
Register
abbreviation
430
Register name
Reference
LCDCC1
LCDC control register 1
24.7.1
LCDCC2
LCDC control register 2
24.7.2
LCDCE1
LCDC enable register 1
24.7.3
LCDCE2
LCDC enable register 2
24.7.4
LCDCE3
LCDC enable register 3
24.7.5
LCDCE4
LCDC enable register 4
24.7.6
LCDCE5
LCDC enable register 5
24.7.7
LCDCE6
LCDC enable register 6
24.7.8
LCDCE7
LCDC enable register 7
24.7.9
LCDCB1
LCDC blinking setting register 1
24.7.10
LCDCB2
LCDC blinking setting register 2
24.7.11
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.1
Manual
LCDC Control Register 1 (LCDCC1)
The LCDC control register 1 (LCDCC1) sets the clock and display mode, and
controls power supply.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
CSS
LCDEN
VSEL
MS2
MS1
MS0
FP1
FP0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] CSS: Frame period generation clock select bit
This bit selects a clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display.
When this bit is "0", the LCD controller operates with the output of the time-base timer driven by the main
clock. When this bit is "1", the LCD controller operates with the output of the watch prescaler driven by the
subclock.
Shifting the main clock speed (using the gear function) while the time-base timer is outputting does not affect
the frame period.
The LCD display may flicker when the frame period generation clock changes. To prevent the LCD display
from flickering, before changing the frame period generation clock, stop the LCD display temporarily by
using blanking (LCDCC2:BK = 1).
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the main clock as the clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display.
Writing "1"
Selects the subclock as the clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display.
Note: Since the main clock stops oscillating in main stop mode and subclock mode, the LCD controller
cannot operate with the output of the time-base timer in these modes.
[bit6] LCDEN: Main stop/watch mode operation enable bit
This bit controls whether the LCD controller is to continue to operate in main stop mode and watch mode.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the LCD controller.
Writing "1"
Makes the LCD controller continue to operate even after the clock mode transits to main stop
mode or watch mode.
Note: In the case of making the LCD controller continue to operate in main stop mode or watch mode, select
the subclock as the clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display (CSS = 1).
[bit5] VSEL: LCD drive power control bit
This bit controls whether to energize the internal divider resistor.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disconnects the internal divider resistor.
Writing "1"
Energizes the internal divider resistor.
Note: Write "0" to this bit when connecting to the external divider resistor.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit4:2] MS[2:0]: Display mode select bits
These bits select a display mode from 4 COM mode and 8 COM mode and also select an output waveform
duty from four options.
The common output pins to be used are determined by the duty output mode selected.
When these bits are set to "0b000", the LCD controller driver stops the LCD display operation.
The LCD display may flicker when the display mode changes. To prevent the LCD display from flickering,
before changing the display mode, stop the LCD display temporarily by using blanking (LCDCC2:BK = 1).
bit4:2
Details
Writing "000"
Stops the LCD display operation.
Writing "001"
Selects 4 COM mode as the display mode and 1/2 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 2).
Writing "010"
Selects 4 COM mode as the display mode and 1/3 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 3).
Writing "011"
Selects 4 COM mode as the display mode and 1/4 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 4).
Writing "100"
Writing "101"
Writing "110"
Selects 8 COM mode as the display mode and 1/8 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 8).
Writing "111"
Note: The clock (main clock or subclock) for generating the frame period for the LCD display stops as the
clock mode transits to stop mode. Therefore, before the clock mode transits to stop mode, stop the
LCD display operation (MS[2:0] = 0b000).
[bit1:0] FP[1:0]: Frame period select bits
These bits select an LCD display frame period.
The LCD display may flicker when the frame period changes. To prevent the LCD display from flickering,
before changing the frame period, stop the LCD display temporarily by using blanking (LCDCC2:BK = 1).
Details
Frame period generated by main clock
(LCDCC1:CSS = 0)
(FCH: main clock, FCRH: main CR clock)
bit1:0
Writing "00"
214  N/FCH*1
26  N/FCL
213  N/FCH*2
26  N/FCRL
13
2
Writing "01"
Frame period generated by subclock
(LCDCC1:CSS = 1)
(FCL: subclock, FCRL: sub-CR clock)
 N/FCRH
215  N/FCH*1
27  N/FCL
214  N/FCH*2
27  N/FCRL
214  N/FCRH
Writing "10"
216  N/FCH*1
28  N/FCL
215  N/FCH*2
28  N/FCRL
215  N/FCRH
217  N/FCH*1
Writing "11"
16
2
 N/FCH
*2
29  N/FCL
29  N/FCRL
216  N/FCRH
*1: Main clock mode
*2: Main PLL clock mode
Note: Set the FP[1:0] bits according to the optimum frame period for the LCD module to be used. The frame
period is affected by the source oscillation frequency.
432
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.2
Manual
LCDC Control Register 2 (LCDCC2)
The LCDC control register 2 (LCDCC2) enables or disables interrupts, indicates
interrupt status and sets the following parameters:
• Internal resistance (10 k or 100 k)
• Bias (1/3 or 1/4) to be used in 8 COM mode
• Displaying data or a blank screen
• Inverted display
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
RSEL
BLS8
INV
BK
LCDIEN
LCDIF
Attribute
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] RSEL: Internal divider resistor select bit
This bit selects a type of resistor to be used as the internal divider resistor.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the 100 k resistor.
Writing "1"
Selects the 10 k resistor.
[bit4] BLS8: Bias in 8 COM mode select bit
This bit selects a type of bias to be used by software in 8 COM mode.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Selects 1/3 bias.
Writing "1"
Selects 1/4 bias.
Note: Although this bit can be accessed in both 8 COM mode and 4 COM mode, in 4 COM mode, writing a
value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit3] INV: Inverted display control bit
This bit controls the inverted display on the LCD.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the inverted display on the LCD.
Writing "1"
Enables the inverted display on the LCD.
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit2] BK: Display blanking control bit
This bit controls display blanking of the LCD.
When display blanking is selected (BK = 1), a segment output pin outputs a non-select waveform (a
waveform not meeting the display condition).
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the LCD display LCD controller display RAM data.
Writing "1"
Makes the LCD blank.
[bit1] LCDIEN: LCDC interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests in sync with the LCD frame period.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the generation of interrupt requests.
Writing "1"
Enables the generation of interrupt requests.
[bit0] LCDIF: LCDC interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates whether the LCD controller has finished processing a frame.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit0
434
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the LCD controller is processing a frame.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the LCD controller has finished processing a frame.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.3
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 1 (LCDCE1)
The LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1) controls port input, selects a blink cycle
and enables the drive power supply pins of the LCD controller.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PICTL
BLSEL
VE4
VE3
VE2
VE1
VE0
—
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
Initial value
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] PICTL: Port input control bit
This bit controls the general-purpose I/O ports that can also function as segment/common output pins.
Writing "0" to this bit disables the I/O function of such general-purpose I/O ports, and suppresses shootthrough current occurring while the LCD is outputting data.
Writing "1" to this bit enables the I/O function of such general-purpose I/O ports. To use a segment/common
output pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port as a general-purpose I/O port, write "1" to this bit.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the I/O function of the general-purpose I/O ports that can also function as
segment/common output pins.
Writing "1"
Enables the I/O function of the general-purpose I/O ports that can also function as
segment/common output pins.
Note: The input function of such general-purpose I/O ports is disabled by a reset. Therefore, to use their
input function after a reset occurs, write "1" to this bit. When such general-purpose I/O ports are used
as segment/common output pins, their input function is disabled regardless of the setting of this bit.
[bit6] BLSEL: Blinking interval select bit
This bit selects the blinking interval to be used when blinking is enabled.
Blinking is controlled by the LCDC blinking setting register 1 (LCDCB1) and the LCDC blinking setting
register 2 (LCDCB2).
A blinking interval of 1.0 s makes the LCD stay on for 0.5 s and off for 0.5 s; a blinking interval of 0.5 s
makes the LCD stay on for 0.25 s and off for 0.25 s.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Selects 0.5 s as the blinking interval (with the subclock frequency being 32 kHz).
Writing "1"
Selects 1.0 s as the blinking interval (with the subclock frequency being 32 kHz).
[bit5] VE4: V4 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V4 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V4 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V4 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit4] VE3: V3 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V3 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V3 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V3 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
[bit3] VE2: V2 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V2 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V2 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V2 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
[bit2] VE1: V1 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V1 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V1 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V1 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
[bit1] VE0: V0 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V0 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V0 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V0 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
[bit0] Undefined bit
The read value is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
Note:
In the case of using the internal divider resistor, since the V4 pin cannot be used as a
general-purpose I/O port, write "1" to the VE4 bit to make the V4 pin function as an LCD
drive power supply pin.
436
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.4
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 2 (LCDCE2)
The LCDC enable register 2 (LCDCE2) controls the respective functions of the
COM0 to COM7 pins.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
COM7
COM6
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] COM7: COM7 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM7 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM7 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM7 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6] COM6: COM6 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM6 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM6 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM6 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit5] COM5: COM5 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM5 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM5 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM5 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit4] COM4: COM4 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM4 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM4 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM4 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3] COM3: COM3 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM3 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM3 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM3 pin function as a common output pin.
[bit2] COM2: COM2 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM2 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM2 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM2 pin function as a common output pin.
[bit1] COM1: COM1 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM1 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM1 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM1 pin function as a common output pin.
[bit0] COM0: COM0 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM0 pin.
bit0
438
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM0 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM0 pin function as a common output pin.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.5
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 3 (LCDCE3)
The LCDC enable register 3 (LCDCE3) controls the segment output pins SEG00
to SEG07.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG07
SEG06
SEG05
SEG04
SEG03
SEG02
SEG01
SEG00
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG07: SEG07 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG07 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG07 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG07 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit6] SEG06: SEG06 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG06 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG06 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG06 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit5] SEG05: SEG05 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG05 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG05 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG05 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit4] SEG04: SEG04 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG04 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG04 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG04 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit3] SEG03: SEG03 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG03 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG03 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG03 pin function as a segment output pin.
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit2] SEG02: SEG02 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG02 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG02 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG02 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG01: SEG01 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG01 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG01 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG01 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG00: SEG00 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG00 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG00 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG00 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE3 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG00 to SEG07.
440
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.6
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 4 (LCDCE4)
The LCDC enable register 4 (LCDCE4) controls the segment output pins SEG08
to SEG15.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG15
SEG14
SEG13
SEG12
SEG11
SEG10
SEG09
SEG08
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG15: SEG15 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG15 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG15 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG15 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit6] SEG14: SEG14 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG14 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG14 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG14 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit5] SEG13: SEG13 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG13 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG13 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG13 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit4] SEG12: SEG12 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG12 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG12 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG12 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit3] SEG11: SEG11 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG11 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG11 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG11 pin function as a segment output pin.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit2] SEG10: SEG10 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG10 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG10 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG10 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG09: SEG09 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG09 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG09 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG09 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG08: SEG08 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG08 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG08 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG08 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE4 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG08 to SEG15.
442
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.7
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 5 (LCDCE5)
The LCDC enable register 5 (LCDCE5) controls the segment output pins SEG16
to SEG23.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
SEG20
SEG19
SEG18
SEG17
SEG16
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG23: SEG23 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG23 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG23 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG23 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit6] SEG22: SEG22 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG22 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG22 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG22 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit5] SEG21: SEG21 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG21 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG21 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG21 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit4] SEG20: SEG20 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG20 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG20 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG20 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit3] SEG19: SEG19 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG19 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG19 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG19 pin function as a segment output pin.
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit2] SEG18: SEG18 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG18 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG18 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG18 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG17: SEG17 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG17 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG17 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG17 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG16: SEG16 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG16 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG16 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG16 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE5 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG16 to SEG23.
444
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.8
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 6 (LCDCE6)
The LCDC enable register 6 (LCDCE6) controls the segment output pins SEG24
to SEG31.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG31: SEG31 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG31 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG31 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG31 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit6] SEG30: SEG30 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG30 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG30 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG30 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit5] SEG29: SEG29 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG29 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG29 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG29 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit4] SEG28: SEG28 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG28 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG28 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG28 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit3] SEG27: SEG27 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG27 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG27 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG27 pin function as a segment output pin.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit2] SEG26: SEG26 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG26 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG26 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG26 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG25: SEG25 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG25 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG25 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG25 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG24: SEG24 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG24 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG24 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG24 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE6 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG24 to SEG31.
446
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.9
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 7 (LCDCE7)
The LCDC enable register 7 (LCDCE7) controls the segment output pins SEG32
to SEG39.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG39
SEG38
SEG37
SEG36
SEG35
SEG34
SEG33
SEG32
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG39: SEG39 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG39 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG39 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG39 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6] SEG38: SEG38 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG38 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG38 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG38 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit5] SEG37: SEG37 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG37 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG37 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG37 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit4] SEG36: SEG36 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG36 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG36 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG36 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3] SEG35: SEG35 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG35 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG35 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG35 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit2] SEG34: SEG34 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG34 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG34 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG34 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG33: SEG33 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG33 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG33 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG33 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG32: SEG32 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG32 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG32 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG32 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE7 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG32 to SEG39.
448
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
24.7.10
Manual
LCDC Blinking Setting Register 1 (LCDCB1)
The LCDC blinking setting register 1 (LCDCB1) enables or disables the blinking
function.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BLD7
BLD6
BLD5
BLD4
BLD3
BLD2
BLD1
BLD0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions (8 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD7: S0C7 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM7.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM7.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM7.
[bit6] BLD6: S0C6 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM6.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM6.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM6.
[bit5] BLD5: S0C5 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM5.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM5.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM5.
[bit4] BLD4: S0C4 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM4.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM4.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM4.
[bit3] BLD3: S0C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit2] BLD2: S0C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD1: S0C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD0: S0C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
■ Register Functions (4 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD7: S1C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
[bit6] BLD6: S1C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
[bit5] BLD5: S1C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
[bit4] BLD4: S1C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
bit4
450
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit3] BLD3: S0C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
[bit2] BLD2: S0C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD1: S0C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD0: S0C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
Notes:
•
Select a blinking interval by using the BLSEL bit in the LCDCE1 register.
•
All segments whose blinking has been enabled blink in sync.
•
The setting of a blinking setting bit remains effective even when its corresponding bit
in the display RAM holds "1".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
24.7.11
Ma nu al
LCDC Blinking Setting Register 2 (LCDCB2)
The LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2) enables or disables the blinking
function.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BLD15
BLD14
BLD13
BLD12
BLD11
BLD10
BLD9
BLD8
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions (8 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD15: S1C7 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM7.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM7.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM7.
[bit6] BLD14: S1C6 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM6.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM6.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM6.
[bit5] BLD13: S1C5 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM5.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM5.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM5.
[bit4] BLD12: S1C4 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM4.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM4.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM4.
[bit3] BLD11: S1C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
bit3
452
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit2] BLD10: S1C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD9: S1C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD8: S1C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
■ Register Functions (4 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD15: S3C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM3.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM3.
[bit6] BLD14: S3C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM2.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM2.
[bit5] BLD13: S3C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM1.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM1.
[bit4] BLD12: S3C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM0.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM0.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
453
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3] BLD11: S2C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM3.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM3.
[bit2] BLD10: S2C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD9: S2C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD8: S2C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM0.
Notes:
454
•
Select a blinking interval by using the BLSEL bit in the LCDCE1 register.
•
All segments whose blinking has been enabled blink in sync.
•
The setting of a blinking setting bit remains effective even when its corresponding bit
in the display RAM holds "1".
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller
Ha rdware
24.8
Manual
Notes on Using LCD Controller
This section provides notes on using the LCD controller.
•
To use an LCD pin as a general-purpose I/O port, set a corresponding common/segment
select bit in an LCDC enable register (LCDCE1 to LCDCE7) to "0", and then set the port
input control bit in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1:PICTL) to "1".
•
If the selected frame period generation clock halts during LCD display operation, the AC
waveform generator circuit also halts and therefore a DC voltage is applied to the liquid
crystal elements. In this case, the LCD display operation must be stopped in advance. The
conditions under which the main clock (time-base timer) or subclock (watch prescaler)
halts depend on the selected clock mode and standby mode. The frame period is also
affected if the time-base timer or the watch prescaler is cleared according to the setting of
the frame period generation clock select bit (LCDCC1:CSS).
•
The operation of outputting display RAM data to the LCD is not in sync with the CPU
accessing to the display RAM. When the interval for rewriting the display RAM is shorter
than the LCD cycle, flickers may occur that are caused by different display patterns
between frames.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 24 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95710L SERIES)
24.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller
H ard war e
456
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 25
LCD CONTROLLER
(MB95770L SERIES)
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the LCD controller (LCDC).
25.1 Overview
25.2 Configuration
25.3 Pins
25.4 Display RAM
25.5 Interrupt
25.6 Operations
25.7 Registers
25.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
457
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.1 Overview
H ard war e
25.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The LCD controller has two modes: 8 COM mode and 4 COM mode.
In 8 COM mode, the LCD controller can use 28 bytes of display data memory
and controls an LCD display via eight common outputs and 28 segment
outputs. It also has two different bias output options for driving an LCD panel.
In 4 COM mode, the LCD controller can use 16 bytes of display data memory
and controls an LCD display via four common outputs and 32 segment outputs.
It also has three different bias output options for driving an LCD panel.
■ Functions of LCD Controller
The LCD controller uses its segment and common outputs to display the content of the display
data memory (display RAM) directly on the LCD panel.
•
It selects the 8 COM mode and the 4 COM mode through software.
•
It has an LCD drive voltage divider resistor whose resistance value can be selected from
10 k or 100 k through software. An external divider resistor can also be used instead.
•
In 8 COM mode, eight common outputs (COM0 to COM7) and 28 segment outputs
(SEG00 to SEG27) are available.
•
In 4 COM mode, four common outputs (COM0 to COM3) and 32 segment outputs (SEG00
to SEG31) are available.
•
The display RAM size is 28 bytes (28  8 bits) in 8 COM mode and 16 bytes (32  4 bits)
in 4 COM mode.
•
It can use the main clock or the subclock as its operating clock.
•
It has a blinking function, which is only available to certain pins.
•
It can directly drive an LCD panel.
•
In 8 COM mode, the bias can be selected from 1/3 or 1/4.
•
In 4 COM mode, the duty can be selected from 1/2, 1/3 or 1/4 (governed by the bias
setting).
•
The interrupt is in sync with the LCD module frame frequency.
Table 25.1-1 lists the bias-duty combinations available.
Table 25.1-1 Combinations of Bias and Duty
Duty
1/2 bias
1/3 bias
1/4 bias
1/2
❍
X
X
1/3
X
❍
X
1/4
X
❍
X
1/8, BLS8 = 0
X
❍
X
1/8, BLS8 = 1
X
X
❍
❍ : Recommended combination
X : Prohibited combination
458
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
25.2
Manual
Configuration
The LCD controller consists of the following blocks, which are divided
according to their functions into a controller section that generates the
segment and common signals based on the content of the display RAM, and a
driver section that drives the LCD.
Controller section
• LCDC control registers (LCDCC1 and LCDCC2)
• LCDC enable registers (LCDCE1 to LCDCE6)
• LCDC blinking setting registers (LCDCB1 and LCDCB2)
• Display RAM
• Clock selection
• Timing control
Driver section
• AC waveform generator circuit
• Common driver
• Segment driver
• Divider resistor
■ Block Diagrams of LCD Controller
Figure 25.2-1 Block Diagram of LCD Controller (8 COM Mode)
Main clock
Subclock
Clock
selection
Timing
control
Display RAM:
28 × 8 bits
(28 bytes)
Controller section
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
Internal divider
resistor
AC waveform
generator circuit
Internal bus
LCDC control registers
(LCDCC1, LCDCC2)
LCDC enable registers
(LCDCE1 to LCDCE6)
LCDC blinking setting registers
(LCDCB1, LCDCB2)
Common
driver
COM0
to
COM7
Segment
driver
SEG00
to
SEG27
Driver section
459
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 25.2-2 Block Diagram of LCD Controller (4 COM Mode)
Main clock
Clock
selection
Subclock
Internal divider
resistor
Timing
control
AC waveform
generator circuit
Internal bus
LCDC control registers
(LCDCC1, LCDCC2)
LCDC enable registers
(LCDCE1 to LCDCE6)
LCDC blinking setting registers
(LCDCB1, LCDCB2)
Display RAM:
32 × 4 bits
(16 bytes)
Controller section
Common
driver
COM0
to
COM3
Segment
driver
SEG00
to
SEG31
Driver section
● LCDC control register 1 (LCDCC1)
This register selects the clock for generating the frame period, the display mode, the frame
period clock, and controls the LCD drive power supply.
● LCDC control register 2 (LCDCC2)
This register enables and disables interrupts, indicates interrupt status and sets the following
parameters:
- Internal resistance value (10 k or 100 k)
- Bias to be used in 8 COM mode (1/3 or 1/4)
- Displaying data or a blank screen
- Inverted display
● LCDC enable registers 1 to 6 (LCDCE1 to LCDCE6)
These registers control port inputs, blink interval, and pins.
● LCDC blinking setting register 1 (LCDCB1), LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2)
These registers turn on and off blinking.
● Display RAM
In 8 COM mode, 28  8 bits of RAM is available for generating segment output signals.
In 4 COM mode, 32  4 bits of RAM is available for generating segment output signals.
The content of the display RAM is read automatically in sync with the common signal
selection timing and is output from segment output pins.
When the display RAM is modified, the content of the VRAM is output from segment output
pins.
460
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
● Clock selection
The frame frequency is generated based on the frequency selected from eight options generated
from two types of clock.
● Timing control
The COM signals and SEG signals are controlled based on the frame frequency and register
settings.
● AC waveform generator circuit
The circuit generates AC waveforms for driving the LCD according to timing control signals.
● Common driver
This is the driver of the LCD common (COM) pins.
● Segment driver
This is the driver of the LCD segment (SEG) pins.
● Divider resistor
This resistor generates the LCD drive voltage. An external divider resistor can be used when an
LCD drive power supply pin (V1 to V4) serves as a divider resistor connection pin.
■ LCD Controller Power Supply Voltage
The power supply voltage for the LCD driver is generated by the internal divider resistors or by
connecting an external divider resistor to an LCD drive power supply pin (V1 to V4).
■ Input Clock
The LCD controller uses the clock output from the time-base timer or from the watch prescaler
as the input clock (operation clock).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
461
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
H ard war e
25.2.1
Ma nu al
Internal Divider Resistors of LCD Controller
The internal driver resistors generate power supply voltage for the LCD driver.
■ Internal Divider Resistors
This series has internal divider resistors. In addition, an external divider resistor can be
connected to an LCD drive power supply pin (V1 to V4).
The internal and external divider resistors are selected by the driving power control bit in the
LCDC control register (LCDCC1:VSEL). Setting the VSEL bit to "1" energizes internal
divider resistors. To use only internal divider resistors without using any external divider
resistor, set the VE3 bit in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1) to "1". (When the internal
divider resistors are used, the V4 pin cannot be used as a general-purpose I/O port.)
With the LCD operation stopped (LCDCC1:MS[2:0] = 0b000) and the LCD controller
operation in main stop mode or in watch mode disabled (LCDCC1:LCDEN = 0), the LCD
controller stops immediately after the device transits to main stop or watch mode
(STBC:TMD = 1).
Figure 25.2-3 shows an equivalent circuit with internal divider resistors used.
462
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.2-3 Equivalent Circuit with Internal Divider Resistors Used
VCC
V4
V4
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
V3
V3
Bias select signal
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
V2
V2
V1
V1
Internal resistance
select signal
LCD enable
N-ch
10 kΩ or 100 kΩ
select signal
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
463
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Use of Internal Divider Resistors and Brightness Control
There are two types of internal divider resistor: 10 k and 100 k. Figure 25.2-4 shows
examples of using internal divider resistors.
If sufficient brightness cannot be achieved with the internal divider resistors in use, connect a
variable resistor (VR) externally (between the Vcc pin and the V4 pin) to adjust the voltage of
the V4 pin. Figure 25.2-5 illustrates connecting a VR to the V4 pin to control brightness.
Figure 25.2-4 Circuits with Internal Divider Resistors
VCC
VCC
VR
V4
VR
V4
V4
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V3
V3
10 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V2
V2
V2
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V1
V1
V1
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
LCD enable
LCD enable
On
1/4 bias internal connection with 100 kΩ internal resistors
LCD enable
On
1/3 bias internal connection with 100 kΩ internal resistors
VCC
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
V2
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
90 kΩ
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
On
1/4 bias internal connection with 10 kΩ internal resistors
V1
V1
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
LCD enable
V2
10 kΩ
V1
10 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
V2
10 kΩ
VR
V4
10 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
VCC
V4
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
1/2 bias internal connection with 100 kΩ internal resistors
VR
V4
10 kΩ
On
VCC
VR
464
VCC
VR
LCD enable
90 kΩ
On
1/3 bias internal connection with 10 kΩ internal resistors
LCD enable
On
1/2 bias internal connection with 10 kΩ internal resistors
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.2-5 Brightness Control by Connecting VR to V4 Pin
VCC
VR
V4
V4
R
V3
V3
R
V2
V2
R
V1
V1
R
LCD enable
N-ch
For brightness control
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
H ard war e
25.2.2
Ma nu al
External Divider Resistor for LCD Controller
The V1 to V4 pins of this series can be connected to external divider resistors.
Connecting a variable resistor between the Vcc pin and the V4 pin can control
brightness.
■ External Divider Resistor
Instead of internal divider resistors, external divider resistors can be connected to the LCD
drive power supply pins (V1 to V4). Figure 25.2-6 illustrates external divider resistors
connection with bias. Table 25.2-1 shows LCD drive voltages.
Figure 25.2-6 External Divider Resistors Connection
VCC
VCC
VCC
VR
VR
V4
VR
V4
V4
R
R
V3
R
V3
V3
R
V2
VLCD
V2
R
VLCD
R
V1
V1
V1
R
1/4 bias
V2
VLCD
R
1/3 bias
R
1/2 bias
Table 25.2-1 LCD Drive Voltage Settings
V4
V3
V2
V1
1/2 bias
VLCD
X
1/2 VLCD
X
1/3 bias
VLCD
2/3 VLCD
2/3 VLCD
1/3 VLCD
1/4 bias
VLCD
3/4 VLCD
1/2 VLCD
1/4 VLCD
VLCD : LCD operating voltage
466
X
: No external divider resistor
GND
: Ground
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Using External Divider Resistors
Since the V1 pin is connected to Vss (GND) internally via a transistor, in the case of using
external divider resistors, connecting the Vss end of a divider resistor to the V1 pin cuts off
current that is flowing to resistors when the LCD controller stops. illustrates the use of external
divider resistors.
Figure 25.2-7 Use of External Divider Resistors
VCC
VR
V4
10 kΩ
RX
90 kΩ
V3
10 kΩ
RX
90 kΩ
V2
10 kΩ
RX
90 kΩ
V1
10 kΩ
90 kΩ
RX
LCD enable
1. To connect the external divider resistors without being affected by the internal divider
resistors, write "0" to the drive voltage control bit in the LCDC control register 1
(LCDCC1:VSEL) to disconnect all internal divider resistors. Write "1" to the V4 to V1
select bits in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1:VE[4:0]) to use a pin as an LCD drive
power supply pin.
2. When the internal divider resistors are disconnected, writing a value other than "0b000" to
the display mode select bits (MS[2:0]) in the LCDCC1 register starts the LCD controller.
Note:
The appropriate resistance of an external RX resistor depends on the LCD used. Use an
external RX resistor whose resistance is suitable for the LCD used.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.3 Pins
H ard war e
25.3
Ma nu al
Pins
This section describes the pins of the LCD controller.
■ Pins of LCD Controller
The LCD controller has the following pins: eight common output pins (COM0 to COM7), 32
segment output pins (SEG00 to SEG31), and four LCD drive power supply pins (V1 to V4).
To use one of these pins for the LCD, set a bit corresponding to that pin in the LCDC enable
registers (LCDCE1 to LCDCE6) to "1".
To use a pin for the LCD shared with a general-purpose I/O port as a general-purpose I/O port,
set a bit corresponding to that pin in an LCDC enable register (LCDCE1 to LCDCE6) to "0",
and then set the port input control bit in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1:PICTL) to "1".
● COM0 to COM7 pins
In 8 COM mode, COM0 to COM7 function as LCD common output pins.
In 4 COM mode, COM0 to COM3 function as LCD common output pins, and COM4 to
COM7 function only as general-purpose I/O ports regardless of the settings of the LCDCE1 to
LCDCE6 registers.
COM0 to COM7 can also function as general-purpose I/O ports.
● SEG00 to SEG31 pins
In 8 COM mode, SEG00 to SEG27 function as LCD segment output pins, and the default
functions of SEG28 to SEG31 are general-purpose I/O ports regardless of the settings of the
LCDCE1 to LCDCE6 registers.
In 4 COM mode, SEG00 to SEG31 function as LCD segment output pins.
SEG00 to SEG31 can also function as general-purpose I/O ports.
● V1 to V4 pins
V1 to V4 are power supply pins for driving the LCD.
They can also function as general-purpose I/O ports.
468
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.4 Display RAM
Ha rdware
25.4
Manual
Display RAM
The display RAM size varies between 8 COM mode and 4 COM mode.
In 8 COM mode, the display RAM has 28  8 bits (28 bytes) of display data
memory for generating segment output signals.
In 4 COM mode, the display RAM has 32  4 bits (16 bytes) of display data
memory for generating segment output signals.
■ Display RAM and Output Pins
The content of the display RAM is read automatically in sync with the common signal
selection timing and is output from segment output pins.
A bit containing "1" is converted into a selected voltage (displayed on the LCD); a bit
containing "0" into a non-select voltage (not displayed on the LCD).
Since the LCD display operation is executed asynchronously with the CPU operation, data can
be read from or written to the display RAM at any time. When a pin shared between a segment
output pin and a general-purpose I/O port pin is not used as a segment output pin, the pin can
be used as a general-purpose I/O port, and the display RAM corresponding to such pin can be
used as normal RAM. Table 25.4-1 shows the relationship between duty setting/common
outputs and the display RAM bits used.
Figure 25.4-1 and Figure 25.4-2 shows how display RAM addresses are allocated for common
output pins and segment output pins in 8 COM mode and in 4 COM mode respectively.
Table 25.4-1 Relationship Between Duty Settings/Common Outputs and Display RAM Bits
Used
Display data bits used
Duty setting
1/2
Common output pins used
COM0, COM1 (2 pins)
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
-
-
❍
❍
-
-
❍
❍
1/3
COM0 to COM2 (3 pins)
-
❍
❍
❍
-
❍
❍
❍
1/4
COM0 to COM3 (4 pins)
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
1/8
COM0 to COM7 (8 pins)
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍ : Bit used
- : Bit not used
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
469
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.4 Display RAM
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 25.4-1 Display RAM and Common/Segment Output Pins in 8 COM Mode
RAM address
n
n+1
n+2
n+3
n+4
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
SEG00
SEG01
SEG02
SEG03
SEG04
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
n+22
n+23
n+24
n+25
n+26
n+27
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
Bit7
COM7
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
Bit6
COM6
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
Bit5
COM5
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
Bit4
COM4
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
Bit3
COM3
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
Bit2
COM2
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
Bit1
COM1
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
Bit0
COM0
SEG22
SEG23
SEG24
SEG25
SEG26
SEG27
Area and COM pins used at 1/8 duty
Figure 25.4-2 Display RAM and Common/Segment Output Pins in 4 COM Mode
RAM address
n
n+1
n+2
:
n+13
n+14
n+15
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
SEG00
SEG01
SEG02
SEG03
SEG04
SEG05
:
:
:
:
:
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
Bit3
Bit7
COM3
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
Bit2
Bit6
COM2
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
Bit1
Bit5
COM1
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
Bit0
Bit4
COM0
SEG26
SEG27
SEG28
SEG29
SEG30
SEG31
Area and COM pins used at 1/2 duty
Area and COM pins used at 1/3 duty
Area and COM pins used at 1/4 duty
Note:
In the RAM address column, "n" represents "0x0FBD".
470
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.5 Interrupt
Ha rdware
25.5
Manual
Interrupt
The LCD controller generates interrupts in sync with the LCD module frame
frequency.
■ Interrupt during LCD Controller Operation
On completing processing a frame, the LCD controller sets the LCDC interrupt request flag bit
(LCDCC2:LCDIF) to "1". If the interrupt request has already been enabled
(LCDCC2:LCDIEN = 1) when the LCDIF bit is set to "1", the LCD controller makes an
interrupt request to the interrupt controller. To clear an interrupt request, write "0" to the
LCDIF bit during the interrupt service routine.
The LCD controller always sets the LCDIF bit to "1" on completing processing a frame,
regardless of the value of the LCDIEN bit. After the LCD controller makes an interrupt
request, when both the LCDIF bit and the LCDIEN bit remain "1", the CPU cannot return from
the interrupt service routine. To enable the CPU to return from the interrupt service routine,
always clear the LCDIF bit to "0" after the LCD controller makes an interrupt request.
Figure 25.5-1 Interrupt Timing Chart
1st frame
2nd frame
Interrupt
COM0
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM1
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM2
.
.
.
COM6
COM7
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
SEGn
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
471
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
H ard war e
25.6
Ma nu al
Operations
This section describes the operations of the LCD controller.
Figure 25.6-1 shows the settings required for LCD display in 8 COM mode.
Figure 25.6-1 LCD Controller Settings in 8 COM Mode
LCDCC1
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
CSS
LCDEN
VSEL
MS2
MS1
MS0
FP1
FP0
❍
❍
❍
1
0/1
0/1
❍
❍
LCDCC2
LCDCE1
LCDCE2
LCDCE3
LCDCE4
LCDCE5
LCDCE6
LCDCB1
LCDCB2
-
-
RSEL
BLS8
INV
BK
LCDIEN
LCDIF
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
PICTL
BLSEL
VE4
VE3
VE2
VE1
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
-
-
COM7
COM6
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG07
SEG06
SEG05
SEG04
SEG03
SEG02
SEG01
SEG00
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG15
SEG14
SEG13
SEG12
SEG11
SEG10
SEG09
SEG08
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
SEG20
SEG19
SEG18
SEG17
SEG16
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
-
-
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD7
BLD6
BLD5
BLD4
BLD3
BLD2
BLD1
BLD0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD15
BLD14
BLD13
BLD12
BLD11
BLD10
BLD9
BLD8
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Display RAM
❍
1
0/1
472
:
:
:
:
Display data
Bit used
Bit not used
Write "1".
Write "0" or "1".
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.6-2 LCD Controller Setting Flow in 8 COM Mode
Initialize the registers.
8 COM mode
Use all common/
segment output pin?
Select an operating
mode and functions of
individual pins.
No
4 COM mode
Set PICTL to “1”.
Set the COM/SEG pin select bits
corresponding to pins not used for
common/segment output to “0”.
Yes
Set PICTL to “0”.
Blinking display
No
Set BK to “0”.
Yes
Set BK to “1”.
Select an interval period in BLSEL.
Select blinking display bits in
BLD[15:0].
Set MS[2:0] to “0b100”, “0b101”,
“0b110”or “0b111” to start the LCD.
•
When the selected frame period generation clock is oscillating with the settings made as
shown in Figure 25.6-1, the LCD controller outputs the LCD panel drive waveform to the
common output pins and segment output pins (COM0 to COM7, SEG00 to SEG27)
according to the content of the display RAM and the settings of different LCDC registers.
•
The LCD output pins are selected according to LCDCE1 to LCDCE6. When an LCD
output pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port is not selected as a common/segment
output pin, the pin is used as a general-purpose I/O port.
•
The frame period generation clock can be changed even during LCD display operation. As
the LCD display may flicker when the frame period generation clock is changed, always
turn off the LCD display temporarily, for example, using the display blanking
(LCDCC2:BK = 1) function, before changing the frame period generation clock to prevent
the LCD display from flickering.
•
The display drive output is a 2-frame alternating waveform selected according to bias and
duty settings.
•
To use the blink function, set the corresponding bits in the LCDC blinking setting register 1
(LCDCB1) and the LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2) to "1" to turn on the
blinking function. The blinking interval can be selected from two options in the BLSEL bit
in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 25.6-3 shows the settings required for LCD display in 4 COM mode.
Figure 25.6-3 LCD Controller Settings in 4 COM Mode
LCDCC1
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
CSS
LCDEN
VSEL
MS2
MS1
MS0
FP1
FP0
❍
❍
❍
0
0/1
0/1
❍
❍
LCDCC2
LCDCE1
LCDCE2
LCDCE3
LCDCE4
LCDCE5
LCDCE6
LCDCB1
LCDCB2
-
-
RSEL
BLS8
INV
BK
LCDIEN
LCDIF
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
PICTL
BLSEL
VE4
VE3
VE2
VE1
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
-
-
COM7
COM6
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
-
-
-
-
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG07
SEG06
SEG05
SEG04
SEG03
SEG02
SEG01
SEG00
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG15
SEG14
SEG13
SEG12
SEG11
SEG10
SEG09
SEG08
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
SEG20
SEG19
SEG18
SEG17
SEG16
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD7
BLD6
BLD5
BLD4
BLD3
BLD2
BLD1
BLD0
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
BLD15
BLD14
BLD13
BLD12
BLD11
BLD10
BLD9
BLD8
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
❍
Display RAM
❍
1
0/1
474
:
:
:
:
Display data
Bit used
Bit not used
Write "1".
Write "0" or "1".
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.6-4 LCD Controller Setting Flow in 4 COM Mode
Initialize the registers.
4 COM mode
Use all common/
segment output pin?
Select an operating
mode and functions of
individual pins.
No
8 COM mode
Set PICTL to “1”.
Set the COM/SEG pin select bits
corresponding to pins not used for
common/segment output to “0”.
Yes
Set PICTL to “0”.
Blinking display
No
Set BK to “0”.
Yes
Set BK to “1”.
Select an interval period in BLSEL.
Select blinking display bits in
BLD[15:0].
Set MS[2:0] to “0b001”, “0b010”
or “0b011” to start the LCD.
•
When the selected frame period generation clock is oscillating with the settings made as
shown in Figure 25.6-3, the LCD controller outputs the LCD panel drive waveform to the
common output pins and segment output pins (COM0 to COM3, SEG00 to SEG31)
according to the content of the display RAM and the settings of different LCDC registers.
•
The LCD output pins are selected according to LCDCE1 to LCDCE6. When an LCD
output pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port is not selected as a common/segment
output pin, the pin is used as a general-purpose I/O port.
•
The frame period generation clock can be changed even during LCD display operation. As
the LCD display may flicker when the frame period generation clock is changed, always
turn off the LCD display temporarily, for example, using the display blanking
(LCDCC2:BK = 1) function, before changing the frame period generation clock to prevent
the LCD display from flickering.
•
The display drive output is a 2-frame alternating waveform selected according to bias and
duty settings.
•
The COM2 and COM3 pin outputs in 1/2 duty mode and the COM3 pin output in 1/3 duty
mode can be used to output the non-select level waveform or as I/O ports.
•
To use the blink function, set the corresponding bits in the LCDC blinking setting register 1
(LCDCB1) and the LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2) to "1" to turn on the
blinking function. The blinking interval can be selected from two options in the BLSEL bit
in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Note:
If the selected frame period generation clock halts during LCD display operation, the AC
waveform generator circuit also halts and therefore a DC voltage is applied to the liquid
crystal elements. In this case, the LCD display operation must be stopped in advance.
The conditions under which the main clock (time-base timer) or subclock (watch
prescaler) halts depend on the selected clock mode and standby mode. The frame period
is also affected if the time-base timer or watch prescaler is cleared depending on the
setting of the frame period generation clock select bit (LCDCC1:CSS).
■ LCD Drive Waveform
Due to the characteristics of the LCD, DC driving of the LCD chemically changes and
degrades the liquid crystal display elements. Therefore, the LCD controller driver contains an
AC waveform generator circuit to drive the LCD using a 2-frame alternating waveform. There
are five types of output waveform as follows:
In 8 COM mode:
•
1/3 bias, 1/8 duty output waveform
•
1/4 bias, 1/8 duty output waveform
In 4 COM mode:
476
•
1/2 bias, 1/2 duty output waveform
•
1/3 bias, 1/3 duty output waveform
•
1/3 bias, 1/4 duty output waveform
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
Ha rdware
25.6.1
Manual
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4
COM Mode (1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty)
The display drive output is a multiplex drive type of 2-frame alternating
waveform.
In 4 COM mode with 1/2 bias and 1/2 duty, only COM0 and COM1 are used for
display; neither COM2 nor COM3 is used.
■ 4 COM Mode, 1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 25.6-5 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 25.6-1.
Table 25.6-1 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
COM3
Content of Display RAM
COM2
COM1
COM0
SEGn
-
-
0
0
SEG(n+1)
-
-
0
1
-: Unused
Figure 25.6-5 4 COM Mode, 1/2 Bias, 1/2 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2=V1
Vss
COM1
V4
V3=V2=V1
Vss
COM2
V4
V3=V2=V1
Vss
COM3
V4
V3=V2=V1
Vss
SEGn
V4
V3=V2=V1
Vss
SEG(n+1)
V4
V3=V2=V1
Vss
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
Vss
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
Vss
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
Vss
-V3
-V4(ON)
1 frame
1 cycle
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
H ard war e
25.6.2
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4
COM Mode (1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty)
In 4 COM mode with 1/3 bias and 1/3 duty, COM0, COM1, and COM2 are used
for display; COM3 is not used.
■ 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 25.6-6 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 25.6-2.
Table 25.6-2 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
COM3
Content of Display RAM
COM2
COM1
COM0
SEGn
-
1
0
0
SEG(n+1)
-
1
0
1
-: Unused
478
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.6-6 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/3 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM1
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM2
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM3
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
SEGn
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
SEG(n+1)
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4(ON)
1 frame
1 cycle
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
H ard war e
25.6.3
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 4
COM Mode (1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty)
In 4 COM Mode with 1/3 bias and 1/4 duty, COM0 to COM3 are used for display.
■ 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 25.6-7 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 25.6-3.
Table 25.6-3 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
480
COM3
Content of Display RAM
COM2
COM1
COM0
SEGn
0
1
0
0
SEG(n+1)
0
1
0
1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.6-7 4 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/4 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM1
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM2
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM3
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
SEGn
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
SEG(n+1)
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
Potential difference
between
COM0 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM1 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEGn
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM2 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
Potential difference
between
COM3 and SEG(n+1)
V4(ON)
V3
V1
Vss
-V3
-V1
-V4(ON)
1 frame
1 cycle
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
H ard war e
25.6.4
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8
COM Mode (1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty)
In 8 COM Mode with 1/3 bias and 1/8 duty, COM0 to COM7 are used for display.
■ 8 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 25.6-8 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 25.6-4.
Table 25.6-4 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
SEGn
482
COM7
COM6
0
0
Content of Display RAM
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
0
0
0
0
COM1
COM0
0
1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.6-8 8 COM Mode, 1/3 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM1
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM2
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM3
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM4
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM5
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM6
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM7
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
SEGn
V4
V3=V2
V1
Vss
COM0-SEGn (On)
V4
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4
COM1-SEGn (Off)
V4
V3
V1
Vss
-V1
-V3
-V4
1 frame
1 cycle
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
H ard war e
25.6.5
Ma nu al
Output Waveform in LCD Controller Operation in 8
COM Mode (1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty)
In 8 COM Mode with 1/4 bias and 1/8 duty, COM0 to COM7 are used for display.
■ 8 COM Mode, 1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
Liquid crystal elements are turned "ON" for display that have the maximum potential
difference between the common and segment outputs.
Figure 25.6-9 shows the output waveform when the content of the display RAM is that shown
in Table 25.6-5.
Table 25.6-5 Sample Content of Display RAM
Segment
SEGn
484
COM7
COM6
0
0
Content of Display RAM
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
0
0
0
0
COM1
COM0
0
1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.6 Operations
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 25.6-9 8 COM Mode, 1/4 Bias, 1/8 Duty Output Waveform Example
COM0
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM1
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM2
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM3
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM4
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM5
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM6
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM7
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
SEGn
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
COM0-SEGn (On)
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
-V1
-V2
-V3
-V4
V4
V3
V2
V1
Vss
-V1
-V2
-V3
-V4
COM1-SEGn (Off)
COM2-SEGn (Off)
COM3-SEGn (Off)
COM4-SEGn (Off)
COM5-SEGn (Off)
COM6-SEGn (Off)
COM7-SEGn (Off)
1 frame
1 cycle
V1 to V4: Respective voltages of V1 to V4 pins
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
H ard war e
25.7
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers of the LCD controller.
Table 25.7-1 List of LCD Controller Registers
Register
abbreviation
486
Register name
Reference
LCDCC1
LCDC control register 1
25.7.1
LCDCC2
LCDC control register 2
25.7.2
LCDCE1
LCDC enable register 1
25.7.3
LCDCE2
LCDC enable register 2
25.7.4
LCDCE3
LCDC enable register 3
25.7.5
LCDCE4
LCDC enable register 4
25.7.6
LCDCE5
LCDC enable register 5
25.7.7
LCDCE6
LCDC enable register 6
25.7.8
LCDCB1
LCDC blinking setting register 1
25.7.9
LCDCB2
LCDC blinking setting register 2
25.7.10
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.1
Manual
LCDC Control Register 1 (LCDCC1)
The LCDC control register 1 (LCDCC1) sets the clock and display mode, and
controls power supply.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
CSS
LCDEN
VSEL
MS2
MS1
MS0
FP1
FP0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] CSS: Frame period generation clock select bit
This bit selects a clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display.
When this bit is "0", the LCD controller operates with the output of the time-base timer driven by the main
clock. When this bit is "1", the LCD controller operates with the output of the watch prescaler driven by the
subclock.
Shifting the main clock speed (using the gear function) while the time-base timer is outputting does not affect
the frame period.
The LCD display may flicker when the frame period generation clock changes. To prevent the LCD display
from flickering, before changing the frame period generation clock, stop the LCD display temporarily by
using blanking (LCDCC2:BK = 1).
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the main clock as the clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display.
Writing "1"
Selects the subclock as the clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display.
Note: Since the main clock stops oscillating in main stop mode and subclock mode, the LCD controller
cannot operate with the output of the time-base timer in these modes.
[bit6] LCDEN: Main stop/watch mode operation enable bit
This bit controls whether the LCD controller is to continue to operate in main stop mode and watch mode.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Stops the LCD controller.
Writing "1"
Makes the LCD controller continue to operate even after the clock mode transits to main stop
mode or watch mode.
Note: In the case of making the LCD controller continue to operate in main stop mode or watch mode, select
the subclock as the clock for generating the frame period for the LCD display (CSS = 1).
[bit5] VSEL: LCD drive power control bit
This bit controls whether to energize the internal divider resistor.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disconnects the internal divider resistor.
Writing "1"
Energizes the internal divider resistor.
Note: Write "0" to this bit when connecting to the external divider resistor.
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
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[bit4:2] MS[2:0]: Display mode select bits
These bits select a display mode from 4 COM mode and 8 COM mode and also select an output waveform
duty from four options.
The common output pins to be used are determined by the duty output mode selected.
When these bits are set to "0b000", the LCD controller driver stops the LCD display operation.
The LCD display may flicker when the display mode changes. To prevent the LCD display from flickering,
before changing the display mode, stop the LCD display temporarily by using blanking (LCDCC2:BK = 1).
bit4:2
Details
Writing "000"
Stops the LCD display operation.
Writing "001"
Selects 4 COM mode as the display mode and 1/2 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 2).
Writing "010"
Selects 4 COM mode as the display mode and 1/3 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 3).
Writing "011"
Selects 4 COM mode as the display mode and 1/4 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 4).
Writing "100"
Writing "101"
Writing "110"
Selects 8 COM mode as the display mode and 1/8 as the output waveform duty (time division
number N = 8).
Writing "111"
Note: The clock (main clock or subclock) for generating the frame period for the LCD display stops as the
clock mode transits to stop mode. Therefore, before the clock mode transits to stop mode, stop the
LCD display operation (MS[2:0] = 0b000).
[bit1:0] FP[1:0]: Frame period select bits
These bits select an LCD display frame period.
The LCD display may flicker when the frame period changes. To prevent the LCD display from flickering,
before changing the frame period, stop the LCD display temporarily by using blanking (LCDCC2:BK = 1).
Details
Frame period generated by main clock
(LCDCC1:CSS = 0)
(FCH: main clock, FCRH: main CR clock)
bit1:0
Writing "00"
214  N/FCH*1
26  N/FCL
213  N/FCH*2
26  N/FCRL
13
2
Writing "01"
Frame period generated by subclock
(LCDCC1:CSS = 1)
(FCL: subclock, FCRL: sub-CR clock)
 N/FCRH
215  N/FCH*1
27  N/FCL
214  N/FCH*2
27  N/FCRL
214  N/FCRH
Writing "10"
216  N/FCH*1
28  N/FCL
215  N/FCH*2
28  N/FCRL
215  N/FCRH
217  N/FCH*1
Writing "11"
16
2
 N/FCH
*2
29  N/FCL
29  N/FCRL
216  N/FCRH
*1: Main clock mode
*2: Main PLL clock mode
Note: Set the FP[1:0] bits according to the optimum frame period for the LCD module to be used. The frame
period is affected by the source oscillation frequency.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.2
Manual
LCDC Control Register 2 (LCDCC2)
The LCDC control register 2 (LCDCC2) enables or disables interrupts, indicates
interrupt status and sets the following parameters:
• Internal resistance (10 k or 100 k)
• Bias (1/3 or 1/4) to be used in 8 COM mode
• Displaying data or a blank screen
• Inverted display
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
RSEL
BLS8
INV
BK
LCDIEN
LCDIF
Attribute
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] RSEL: Internal divider resistor select bit
This bit selects a type of resistor to be used as the internal divider resistor.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the 100 k resistor.
Writing "1"
Selects the 10 k resistor.
[bit4] BLS8: Bias in 8 COM mode select bit
This bit selects a type of bias to be used by software in 8 COM mode.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Selects 1/3 bias.
Writing "1"
Selects 1/4 bias.
Note: Although this bit can be accessed in both 8 COM mode and 4 COM mode, in 4 COM mode, writing a
value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit3] INV: Inverted display control bit
This bit controls the inverted display on the LCD.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the inverted display on the LCD.
Writing "1"
Enables the inverted display on the LCD.
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[bit2] BK: Display blanking control bit
This bit controls display blanking of the LCD.
When display blanking is selected (BK = 1), a segment output pin outputs a non-select waveform (a
waveform not meeting the display condition).
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the LCD display LCD controller display RAM data.
Writing "1"
Makes the LCD blank.
[bit1] LCDIEN: LCDC interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests in sync with the LCD frame period.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the generation of interrupt requests.
Writing "1"
Enables the generation of interrupt requests.
[bit0] LCDIF: LCDC interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates whether the LCD controller has finished processing a frame.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit0
490
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the LCD controller is processing a frame.
Reading "1"
Indicates that the LCD controller has finished processing a frame.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.3
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 1 (LCDCE1)
The LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1) controls port input, selects a blink cycle
and enables the drive power supply pins of the LCD controller.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PICTL
BLSEL
VE4
VE3
VE2
VE1
—
—
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
Initial value
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] PICTL: Port input control bit
This bit controls the general-purpose I/O ports that can also function as segment/common output pins.
Writing "0" to this bit disables the I/O function of such general-purpose I/O ports, and suppresses shootthrough current occurring while the LCD is outputting data.
Writing "1" to this bit enables the I/O function of such general-purpose I/O ports. To use a segment/common
output pin shared with a general-purpose I/O port as a general-purpose I/O port, write "1" to this bit.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the I/O function of the general-purpose I/O ports that can also function as
segment/common output pins.
Writing "1"
Enables the I/O function of the general-purpose I/O ports that can also function as
segment/common output pins.
Note: The input function of such general-purpose I/O ports is disabled by a reset. Therefore, to use their
input function after a reset occurs, write "1" to this bit. When such general-purpose I/O ports are used
as segment/common output pins, their input function is disabled regardless of the setting of this bit.
[bit6] BLSEL: Blinking interval select bit
This bit selects the blinking interval to be used when blinking is enabled.
Blinking is controlled by the LCDC blinking setting register 1 (LCDCB1) and the LCDC blinking setting
register 2 (LCDCB2).
A blinking interval of 1.0 s makes the LCD stay on for 0.5 s and off for 0.5 s; a blinking interval of 0.5 s
makes the LCD stay on for 0.25 s and off for 0.25 s.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Selects 0.5 s as the blinking interval (with the subclock frequency being 32 kHz).
Writing "1"
Selects 1.0 s as the blinking interval (with the subclock frequency being 32 kHz).
[bit5] VE4: V4 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V4 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V4 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V4 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
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[bit4] VE3: V3 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V3 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V3 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V3 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
[bit3] VE2: V2 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V2 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V2 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V2 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
[bit2] VE1: V1 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the V1 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the V1 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the V1 pin function as an LCD drive power supply pin.
[bit1:0] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
Note:
In the case of using the internal divider resistor, since the V4 pin cannot be used as a
general-purpose I/O port, write "1" to the VE4 bit to make the V4 pin function as an LCD
drive power supply pin.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.4
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 2 (LCDCE2)
The LCDC enable register 2 (LCDCE2) controls the respective functions of the
COM0 to COM7 pins.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
COM7
COM6
COM5
COM4
COM3
COM2
COM1
COM0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] COM7: COM7 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM7 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM7 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM7 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6] COM6: COM6 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM6 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM6 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM6 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit5] COM5: COM5 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM5 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM5 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM5 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit4] COM4: COM4 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM4 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM4 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM4 pin function as a common output pin.
Note: In 4 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
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[bit3] COM3: COM3 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM3 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM3 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM3 pin function as a common output pin.
[bit2] COM2: COM2 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM2 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM2 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM2 pin function as a common output pin.
[bit1] COM1: COM1 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM1 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM1 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM1 pin function as a common output pin.
[bit0] COM0: COM0 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the COM0 pin.
bit0
494
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the COM0 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the COM0 pin function as a common output pin.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.5
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 3 (LCDCE3)
The LCDC enable register 3 (LCDCE3) controls the segment output pins SEG00
to SEG07.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG07
SEG06
SEG05
SEG04
SEG03
SEG02
SEG01
SEG00
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG07: SEG07 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG07 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG07 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG07 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit6] SEG06: SEG06 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG06 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG06 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG06 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit5] SEG05: SEG05 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG05 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG05 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG05 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit4] SEG04: SEG04 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG04 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG04 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG04 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit3] SEG03: SEG03 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG03 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG03 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG03 pin function as a segment output pin.
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[bit2] SEG02: SEG02 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG02 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG02 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG02 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG01: SEG01 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG01 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG01 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG01 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG00: SEG00 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG00 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG00 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG00 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE3 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG00 to SEG07.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.6
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 4 (LCDCE4)
The LCDC enable register 4 (LCDCE4) controls the segment output pins SEG08
to SEG15.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG15
SEG14
SEG13
SEG12
SEG11
SEG10
SEG09
SEG08
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG15: SEG15 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG15 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG15 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG15 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit6] SEG14: SEG14 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG14 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG14 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG14 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit5] SEG13: SEG13 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG13 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG13 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG13 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit4] SEG12: SEG12 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG12 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG12 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG12 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit3] SEG11: SEG11 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG11 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG11 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG11 pin function as a segment output pin.
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[bit2] SEG10: SEG10 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG10 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG10 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG10 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG09: SEG09 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG09 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG09 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG09 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG08: SEG08 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG08 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG08 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG08 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE4 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG08 to SEG15.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.7
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 5 (LCDCE5)
The LCDC enable register 5 (LCDCE5) controls the segment output pins SEG16
to SEG23.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG23
SEG22
SEG21
SEG20
SEG19
SEG18
SEG17
SEG16
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG23: SEG23 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG23 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG23 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG23 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit6] SEG22: SEG22 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG22 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG22 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG22 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit5] SEG21: SEG21 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG21 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG21 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG21 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit4] SEG20: SEG20 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG20 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG20 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG20 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit3] SEG19: SEG19 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG19 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG19 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG19 pin function as a segment output pin.
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[bit2] SEG18: SEG18 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG18 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG18 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG18 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG17: SEG17 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG17 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG17 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG17 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG16: SEG16 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG16 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG16 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG16 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE5 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG16 to SEG23.
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MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.8
Manual
LCDC Enable Register 6 (LCDCE6)
The LCDC enable register 6 (LCDCE6) controls the segment output pins SEG24
to SEG31.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SEG31
SEG30
SEG29
SEG28
SEG27
SEG26
SEG25
SEG24
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] SEG31: SEG31 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG31 pin.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG31 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG31 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6] SEG30: SEG30 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG30 pin.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG30 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG30 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit5] SEG29: SEG29 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG29 pin.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG29 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG29 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit4] SEG28: SEG28 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG28 pin.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG28 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG28 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note: In 8 COM mode, writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3] SEG27: SEG27 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG27 pin.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG27 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG27 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit2] SEG26: SEG26 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG26 pin.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG26 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG26 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit1] SEG25: SEG25 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG25 pin.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG25 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG25 pin function as a segment output pin.
[bit0] SEG24: SEG24 function select bit
This bit selects the function of the SEG24 pin.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Makes the SEG24 pin function as a general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Makes the SEG24 pin function as a segment output pin.
Note:
Only when the PICTL bit in the LCDCE1 register is set to "1" is the LCDCE6 register
enabled to control the segment output pins SEG24 to SEG31.
502
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
25.7.9
Manual
LCDC Blinking Setting Register 1 (LCDCB1)
The LCDC blinking setting register 1 (LCDCB1) enables or disables the blinking
function.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BLD7
BLD6
BLD5
BLD4
BLD3
BLD2
BLD1
BLD0
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions (8 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD7: S0C7 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM7.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM7.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM7.
[bit6] BLD6: S0C6 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM6.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM6.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM6.
[bit5] BLD5: S0C5 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM5.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM5.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM5.
[bit4] BLD4: S0C4 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM4.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM4.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM4.
[bit3] BLD3: S0C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit2] BLD2: S0C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD1: S0C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD0: S0C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
■ Register Functions (4 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD7: S1C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
[bit6] BLD6: S1C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
[bit5] BLD5: S1C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
[bit4] BLD4: S1C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
bit4
504
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit3] BLD3: S0C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM3.
[bit2] BLD2: S0C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD1: S0C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD0: S0C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG00 and COM0.
Notes:
•
Select a blinking interval by using the BLSEL bit in the LCDCE1 register.
•
All segments whose blinking has been enabled blink in sync.
•
The setting of a blinking setting bit remains effective even when its corresponding bit
in the display RAM holds "1".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
H ard war e
25.7.10
Ma nu al
LCDC Blinking Setting Register 2 (LCDCB2)
The LCDC blinking setting register 2 (LCDCB2) enables or disables the blinking
function.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
BLD15
BLD14
BLD13
BLD12
BLD11
BLD10
BLD9
BLD8
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions (8 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD15: S1C7 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM7.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM7.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM7.
[bit6] BLD14: S1C6 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM6.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM6.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM6.
[bit5] BLD13: S1C5 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM5.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM5.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM5.
[bit4] BLD12: S1C4 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM4.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM4.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM4.
[bit3] BLD11: S1C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
bit3
506
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM3.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit2] BLD10: S1C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD9: S1C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD8: S1C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG01 and COM0.
■ Register Functions (4 COM Mode)
[bit7] BLD15: S3C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM3.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM3.
[bit6] BLD14: S3C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM2.
bit6
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM2.
[bit5] BLD13: S3C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM1.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM1.
[bit4] BLD12: S3C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM0.
bit4
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG03 and COM0.
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.7 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3] BLD11: S2C3 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM3.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM3.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM3.
[bit2] BLD10: S2C2 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM2.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM2.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM2.
[bit1] BLD9: S2C1 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM1.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM1.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM1.
[bit0] BLD8: S2C0 blinking setting bit
This bit enables or disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM0.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM0.
Writing "1"
Enables the blinking of dots in SEG02 and COM0.
Notes:
508
•
Select a blinking interval by using the BLSEL bit in the LCDCE1 register.
•
All segments whose blinking has been enabled blink in sync.
•
The setting of a blinking setting bit remains effective even when its corresponding bit
in the display RAM holds "1".
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller
Ha rdware
25.8
Manual
Notes on Using LCD Controller
This section provides notes on using the LCD controller.
•
To use an LCD pin as a general-purpose I/O port, set a corresponding common/segment
select bit in an LCDC enable register (LCDCE1 to LCDCE6) to "0", and then set the port
input control bit in the LCDC enable register 1 (LCDCE1:PICTL) to "1".
•
If the selected frame period generation clock halts during LCD display operation, the AC
waveform generator circuit also halts and therefore a DC voltage is applied to the liquid
crystal elements. In this case, the LCD display operation must be stopped in advance. The
conditions under which the main clock (time-base timer) or subclock (watch prescaler)
halts depend on the selected clock mode and standby mode. The frame period is also
affected if the time-base timer or the watch prescaler is cleared according to the setting of
the frame period generation clock select bit (LCDCC1:CSS).
•
The operation of outputting display RAM data to the LCD is not in sync with the CPU
accessing to the display RAM. When the interval for rewriting the display RAM is shorter
than the LCD cycle, flickers may occur that are caused by different display patterns
between frames.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 25 LCD CONTROLLER (MB95770L SERIES)
25.8 Notes on Using LCD Controller
H ard war e
510
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 26
EXAMPLE OF SERIAL
PROGRAMMING
CONNECTION
This chapter describes the example of serial
programming connection.
26.1 Basic Configuration of Serial Programming Connection
26.2 Example of Serial Programming Connection
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 26 EXAMPLE OF SERIAL PROGRAMMING CONNECTION
26.1 Basic Configuration of Serial Programming Connection
H ard war e
26.1
Ma nu al
Basic Configuration of Serial Programming
Connection
The MB95710L/770L Series supports Flash memory serial on-board programming.
This section describes the configuration.
■ Basic Configuration of Serial Programming Connection
The BGM adaptor MB2146-07-E or MB2146-08-E, manufactured by Spansion Inc., is used for
serial onboard programming.
Figure 26.1-1 shows the basic configuration of serial programming connection.
Figure 26.1-1 Basic Configuration of Serial Programming Connection
Host interface cable
USB
BGM adaptor
(MB2146-07-E/
MB2146-08-E)
1-line UART
Flash memory
product user system
Table 26.1-1 Pins Used for Standard Serial Onboard Programming
Pin
Function
Details
VCC
Power supply voltage
supply pin
The programming voltage (1.8 V to 5.5 V) is supplied from the user system.
VSS
GND pin
It is shared with the GND of the Flash microcontroller programmer.
C
Decoupling capacitor
connection
Connect it to a decoupling capacitor and then to the ground.
RST
Reset
The RST pin is pulled up to VCC.
DBG
1-line UART setting serial
programming mode
The DBG pin provides 1-line UART communication with the programmer.
The serial programming mode is set if voltage is supplied to the DBG pin and
the VCC pin at specific timings.
(For the timings, see Figure 26.2-1.)
● UART clock
The UART clock is supplied from the main CR clock.
512
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 26 EXAMPLE OF SERIAL PROGRAMMING CONNECTION
26.2 Example of Serial Programming Connection
Ha rdware
26.2
Manual
Example of Serial Programming Connection
The MCU enters the PGM mode at the following timing.
■ MCU Transiting to PGM Mode
The MCU enters the PGM mode at the following timing.
The serial programmer controls the DBG pin according to VCC input.
Figure 26.2-1 Timing Diagram
Vcc
H
L
DBG
Transition to PGM Mode
H
L
≥ 1s
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 26 EXAMPLE OF SERIAL PROGRAMMING CONNECTION
26.2 Example of Serial Programming Connection
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Example of Serial Programming Connection
Figure 26.2-2 shows an example of connection for serial programming.
Figure 26.2-2 Example of Serial Programming Connection
IDC10 (male connector)
INDEX MARK
MCU
Pin 9
Pin 1
1
VCC
Power supply from adaptor
(only on MB2146-07-E)
6
Pin 10
Pin 2
VCC
(TOP VIEW)
MB2146-07-E
No.
MB2146-08-E
Name
No.
DBG
8
VCC
Name
1
UVCC
1
UVCC
2
VSS
2
VSS
4
RSTOUT
4
RSTOUT
6
POUT3V
8
DBG
8
DBG
IDC10
RST
IC
4
2
VSS
Jumper connection on MB2146-07-E for
power supply from the adaptor
2
6
10
Target Board
1
9
Since the pull-up resistor that can be used depends on the tool used and the interconnection
length, refer to the tool document when selecting a pull-up resistor.
In the case of using MB2146-07-E of Spansion Inc., it is recommended to use a pull-up resistor
of approximately 2 k to 10 k.
514
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 27
DUAL OPERATION FLASH
MEMORY
This chapter describes the function and
operations of the 160/288/480 Kbit Dual
operation Flash memory.
27.1 Overview
27.2 Sector/Bank Configuration
27.3 Invoking Flash Memory Automatic Algorithm
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
27.6 Operations
27.7 Flash Security
27.8 Registers
27.9 Notes on Using Dual Operation Flash Memory
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.1 Overview
H ard war e
27.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The dual operation Flash memory is located at 0x1000 to 0x1FFF and at 0xC000
to 0xFFFF for 160 Kbit Flash memory, at 0x1000 to 0x1FFF and at 0x8000 to
0xFFFF for 288 Kbit Flash memory, or at 0x1000 to 0xFFFF for 480 Kbit Flash
memory on the CPU memory map.
The dual operation Flash memory consists of an upper bank and a lower bank*.
Unlike conventional Flash products, programming/erasing data to/from one
bank and reading data from another bank can be executed simultaneously.
*: MB95F718E/F718L/F778E/F778L:
upper bank: 32 Kbyte  1  24 Kbyte  1; lower bank: 2 Kbyte  2
MB95F716E/F716L/F776E/F776L:
upper bank: 32 Kbyte  1; lower bank: 2 Kbyte  2
MB95F714E/F714L/F774E/F774L:
upper bank: 16 Kbyte  1; lower bank: 2 Kbyte  2
■ Overview of Dual Operation Flash Memory
The following methods can be used to write data into and erase data from the Flash memory:
•
Programming/erasing using a dedicated serial programmer
•
Programming/erasing by program execution
Since data can be written into and erased from the Dual operation Flash memory by
instructions from the CPU via the Flash memory interface circuit, program code and data can
be efficiently updated with the device mounted on a circuit board. The minimum sector size of
the dual operation Flash is 2 Kbyte, which is a sector configuration facilitating the management
of the program/data area.
Data can be updated by executing a program in RAM or by executing a program in the Flash
memory in dual operation. The erase/program operation and the read operation can be executed
in different banks (upper bank/lower bank) simultaneously.
The dual operation Flash can use the following combinations:
Upper bank
Lower bank
Read
Read
Program/sector erase
Program/sector erase
Read
Chip erase
516
Sector erase (erase suspend)
Program
Program
Sector erase (erase suspend)
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.1 Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Features of Dual Operation Flash Memory
•
Sector configuration
- 20 Kbyte (16 Kbyte  2 Kbyte  2)
- 36 Kbyte (32 Kbyte  2 Kbyte  2)
- 60 Kbyte (32 Kbyte  24 Kbyte  2 Kbyte  2)
•
Two-bank configuration, enabling simultaneous execution of a program/erase operation and
a read operation
•
Automatic algorithm (Embedded Algorithm)
•
Erase-suspend/erase-resume functions integrated
•
Detecting the completion of programming/erasing using the data polling flag or the toggle
bit
•
Detecting the completion of programming/erasing by CPU interrupts
•
Capable of erasing data in specific sectors (any combination of sectors)
•
Compatible with JEDEC standard commands
•
Number of program/erase cycles (minimum): 100000
•
Flash read cycle time (minimum): 1 machine cycle
■ Programming and Erasing Flash Memory
•
Programming data to and reading data from the same bank of the Flash memory cannot be
executed simultaneously.
•
To program data to or erase data from a bank in the Flash memory, copy the program for
programming/erasing either to another bank or to the RAM first, and then execute the
program.
•
The dual operation Flash memory enables programming in the Flash memory and
controlling programming by using interrupts. In addition, it is not necessary to download a
program to RAM in order to program data to a bank, thereby reducing the time of program
download and eliminating the need to protecting RAM data against power interruption.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.2 Sector/Bank Configuration
H ard war e
27.2
Ma nu al
Sector/Bank Configuration
This section shows the sector/bank configuration of the Flash memory.
■ Sector/Bank Configuration of Dual Operation Flash Memory
Figure 27.2-1 shows the sector configuration of the Dual operation Flash memory. The upper
and lower addresses of each sector are shown in the figure.
● Bank configuration
The lower bank of the Flash memory is SA0 and SA1 and the upper bank SA2 and SA3.
Figure 27.2-1 Sector/Bank Configuration of Dual Operation Flash Memory
Flash memory
(20 Kbyte)
Flash memory
(36 Kbyte)
Flash memory
(60 Kbyte)
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA0: 2 Kbyte
Lower bank
SA1: 2 Kbyte
Lower bank
Lower bank
SA1: 2 Kbyte
SA1: 2 Kbyte
-
SA2: 24 Kbyte
CPU
address
0x1000
0x17FF
0x1800
0x1FFF
0x2000
0x7FFF
0x8000
Upper bank
SA3: 32 Kbyte
SA3: 16 Kbyte
Upper bank
SA3: 32 Kbyte
0xBFFF
0xC000
Upper bank
0xFFFF
518
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.3 Invoking Flash Memory Automatic Algorithm
Ha rdware
27.3
Manual
Invoking Flash Memory Automatic Algorithm
There are four commands that invoke the Flash memory automatic algorithm:
read/reset, program, chip erase, and sector erase. The sector erase command
is capable of suspending and resuming sector erase.
■ Command Sequence Table
Table 27.3-1 lists commands used in programming/erasing Flash memory.
Table 27.3-1
Command Sequence
1st bus write
cycle
Command Bus write
sequence
cycle
2nd bus write
cycle
3rd bus write
cycle
4th bus write
cycle
5th bus write
cycle
6th bus write
cycle
Address
Data
Address
Data
Address
Data
Address
Data
Address
Data
Address
Data
Read/reset
1
0xUXXX
0xF0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Program
4
0xUAAA
0xAA
0xU554
0x55
0xUAAA
0xA0
PA
PD
-
-
-
-
Chip erase
6
0xUAAA
0xAA
0xU554
0x55
0xUAAA
0x80
0xUAAA
0xAA
0xU554
0x55
0xUAAA
0x10
Sector erase
6
0xUAAA
0xAA
0xU554
0x55
0xUAAA
0x80
0xUAAA
0xAA
0xU554
0x55
SA
0x30
Unlock
bypass entry
3
0xUAAA
0xAA
0xU554
0x55
0xUAAA
0x20
-
-
-
-
-
-
Unlock
bypass
program
2
0xUXXX
0xA0
PA
PD
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Unlock
bypass reset
2
0xUXXX
0x90
0xUXXX
any
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sector erase suspend
Programming data "0xB0" to the address "0xUXXX" suspends erasing during sector erase.
Sector erase resume
Programming data "0x30" to the address "0xUXXX" resumes suspended sector erase.
Erase sector add
PA
SA
PD
U
X
any
Programming data "0x30" to the SA adds a new sector to be erased.
: Program address
: Sector address (Specify any address in a sector.)
: Program data
: The upper four bits represent an address in a sector to which data can be programmed.
: Any address value
: Any program data
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.3 Invoking Flash Memory Automatic Algorithm
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Notes:
• Addresses in Table 27.3-1 are values on the CPU memory map. All addresses and
data are in hexadecimal notation. However, "X" is an arbitrary value.
• "U" in an address in Table 27.3-1 is not arbitrary, but represents the upper four bits
(bit15 to bit12) of an address.
• The chip erase command is accepted only when programming data into all sectors has
been enabled. The chip erase command is ignored if the bit for any sector in the flash
memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0) has been set to "0" (to disable
programming data to that sector).
■ Note on Issuing Commands
Enable programming data into a required sector before issuing the first command in the
command sequence table.
520
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
Ha rdware
27.4
Manual
Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
Since the Flash memory uses the automatic algorithm to execute the program/
erase flow, its internal operating status can be checked through the hardware
sequence flags.
■ Hardware Sequence Flags
● Overview of hardware sequence flags
The hardware sequence flag consists of the following 5-bit output:
•
Data polling flag (DQ7)
•
Toggle bit flag (DQ6)
•
Execution timeout flag (DQ5)
•
Sector erase timer flag (DQ3)
•
Toggle bit2 flag (DQ2)
The hardware sequence flags can tell whether a program command, a chip erase command or a
sector erase command has been terminated, whether an erase code can be written and whether
an erase sector or a non-erase sector is being read.
The value of a hardware sequence flag can be checked by a read access to the address of a
target sector in the Flash memory after a command sequence is set. Note that a hardware
sequence flag is output only to the bank from which a command has been issued.
Table 27.4-1 shows the bit allocation of the hardware sequence flags.
Table 27.4-1
Bit Allocation of Hardware Sequence Flag
Bit no.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Hardware sequence flag
DQ7
DQ6
DQ5
-
DQ3
DQ2
-
-
•
To decide whether a program command, a chip erase command or a sector erase command
is being executed or has been terminated, check the respective hardware sequence flags or
the flash memory program/erase status bit in the flash memory status register (FSR:RDY).
After programming/erasing is terminated, the Flash memory returns to the read/reset state.
•
When creating a program/erase program, read data after confirming the termination of
programming/erasing using the DQ2, DQ3, DQ5, DQ6 and DQ7 flags.
•
The hardware sequence flags can also be used to check whether the second sector erase
code write and those to be executed afterward are valid or not.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Description of hardware sequence flags
Table 27.4-2 lists the functions of the hardware sequence flags.
Table 27.4-2
List of Hardware Sequence Flag Functions
State
DQ7
DQ6
DQ5
DQ3
DQ2
Programming  Programming completed
(when program address has been
specified)
DQ7 
DATA: 7
Toggle 
DATA: 6
0
DATA: 5
0
DATA: 3
0
DATA: 2
Chip/sector erase  Erase completed
0 1
Toggle  1
0 1
1
Toggle  1
0
Toggle
0
0 1
Toggle
0
Toggle  0
0
1
Toggle
0
0  Toggle
0
1
Toggle
DATA: 7
DATA: 6
DATA: 5
DATA: 3
DATA: 2
DQ7
Toggle
1
0
0
0
Toggle
1
1
Toggle
State
Sector erase wait  Erase started
transition
during normal Erasing  sector erase suspended (Sector
being erased)
operation
Sector erase suspended  Erasing
resumed (Sector being erased)
Sector erase being suspended
(Sector not being erased)
Abnormal
operation
522
Programming
Chip/sector erase
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
Ha rdware
27.4.1
Manual
Data Polling Flag (DQ7)
The data polling flag (DQ7) is a hardware sequence flag indicating that the
automatic algorithm is being executing or has been completed using the data
polling function.
■ Data Polling Flag (DQ7)
Table 27.4-3 and Table 27.4-4 show the state transition of the data polling flag during normal
operation and the one during abnormal operation respectively.
Table 27.4-3
State Transition of Data Polling Flag (During Normal Operation)
Programming 
Operating
Programming
state
completed
DQ7
DQ7  DATA: 7
Table 27.4-4
Chip/sector
Sector erase
erase 
wait 
Erasing
Erasing started
completed
01
0
Sector erase 
Sector erase
Sector erase
Sector erase
suspended 
being suspended
suspended
Erasing resumed
(Sector not being
(Sector being
(Sector being
erased)
erased)
erased)
0
0
DATA: 7
State Transition of Data Polling Flag (During Abnormal Operation)
Operating state
Programming
Chip/sector erase
DQ7
DQ7
0
● At programming
When read access takes place during execution of the automatic write algorithm, the Flash
memory outputs the inverted value of bit7 in the last data written to DQ7.
If read access takes place on completion of the automatic write algorithm, the Flash memory
outputs bit7 of the value read from the read-accessed address to DQ7.
● At chip/sector erase
When read access is made to the sector currently being erased during execution of the chip/
sector erase algorithm, bit7 of Flash memory outputs "0". Bit7 of Flash memory outputs "1"
upon completion of chip/sector erase.
● At sector erase suspension
•
When read access takes place with a sector erase operation suspended, the Flash memory
outputs "0" to DQ7 if the read address is the sector being erased. If not, the Flash memory
outputs bit7 (DATA:7) of the value read from the read address to DQ7.
•
Referring the data polling flag (DQ7) together with the toggle bit flag (DQ6) permits a
decision on whether Flash memory is in the sector erase suspended state or which sector is
being erased.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
523
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Note:
Once the automatic algorithm has been started, read access to the specified address is
ignored. Data reading is allowed after the data polling flag (DQ7) is set to "1". Data
reading after the end of the automatic algorithm should be performed following read
access made to confirm the completion of data polling.
524
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
Ha rdware
27.4.2
Manual
Toggle Bit Flag (DQ6)
The toggle bit flag (DQ6) is a hardware sequence flag using the toggle bit
function to indicate whether the automatic algorithm is being executed or has
terminated.
■ Toggle Bit Flag (DQ6)
Table 27.4-5 and Table 27.4-6 show the state transition of the toggle bit flag during normal
operation and the one during abnormal operation respectively.
Table 27.4-5
State Transition of Toggle Bit Flag (During Normal Operation)
Programming 
Operating
Programming
state
completed
Toggle 
DATA: 6
DQ6
Table 27.4-6
Chip/sector
Sector erase
erase 
wait 
Erasing
Erasing started
completed
Toggle  1
Toggle
Sector erase 
Sector erase
Sector erase
Sector erase
suspended 
being suspended
suspended
Erasing resumed
(Sector not being
(Sector being
(Sector being
erased)
erased)
erased)
Toggle  0
0  Toggle
DATA: 6
State Transition of Toggle Bit Flag (During Abnormal Operation)
Operating state
Programming
Chip/sector erase
DQ6
Toggle
Toggle
● At programming and chip/sector erase
•
When read accesses are made continuously while the automatic write algorithm or the
automatic chip/sector erase algorithm is being executed, the Flash memory toggles the
output between "1" and "0" at each read access.
•
When read accesses are made continuously after the automatic write algorithm or the chip/
sector erase algorithm terminates, the Flash memory outputs bit6 (DATA:6) of the value
read from the read address at each read access.
● At sector erase suspension
When a read access is made with a sector erase operation suspended, the Flash memory outputs
"0" if the read address is the sector being erased. Otherwise, the Flash memory outputs bit6
(DATA: 6) of the value read from the read address.
Note:
When using dual-operation Flash memory (Flash memory write control program is
executed on the Flash memory), the toggle bit flag (DQ6) cannot be used to check the
operating state of programming/erasing. See the notes in "27.9 Notes on Using Dual
Operation Flash Memory" when writing a program.
The note above does not apply if the Flash memory write control program is executed on
the RAM.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
525
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
H ard war e
27.4.3
Ma nu al
Execution Timeout Flag (DQ5)
The execution timeout flag (DQ5) is a hardware sequence flag indicating that
the execution time of the automatic algorithm exceeds a specified time
(required for programming/erasing) in the Flash memory.
■ Execution Timeout Flag (DQ5)
Table 27.4-7 and Table 27.4-8 show the state transition of the execution timeout flag during
normal operation and the one during abnormal operation respectively.
Table 27.4-7
State Transition of Execution Timeout Flag (During Normal Operation)
Programming 
Operating
Programming
state
completed
0  DATA: 5
DQ5
Table 27.4-8
Chip/sector
Sector erase
erase 
wait 
Erasing
Erasing started
completed
01
0
Sector erase 
Sector erase
Sector erase
Sector erase
suspended 
being suspended
suspended
Erasing resumed
(Sector not being
(Sector being
(Sector being
erased)
erased)
erased)
0
0
DATA: 5
State Transition of Execution Timeout Flag (During Abnormal Operation)
Operating state
Programming
Chip/sector erase
DQ5
1
1
● At programming and chip/sector erase
When a read access is made with the automatic write algorithm or the automatic chip/sector
erase algorithm invoked, the flag outputs "0" when the algorithm execution time is within the
specified time (required for programming/erasing) or "1" when it exceeds that time.
The execution timeout flag (DQ5) can be used to check whether programming/erasing has
succeeded or failed regardless of whether the automatic algorithm has been running or
terminated. When the execution timeout flag (DQ5) outputs "1", it can be judged that
programming fails if flash memory program/erase status bit (RDY) in the flash memory status
register (FSR) is "0".
If an attempt is made to write "1" to a Flash memory address holding "0", for example, the
Flash memory is locked, the time limit is exceeded and the execution timeout flag (DQ5)
outputs "1". The state in which the execution timeout flag (DQ5) outputs "1" means that the
Flash memory has not been used correctly; it does not mean that the Flash memory is
defective. When this state occurs, execute the reset command.
526
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
Ha rdware
27.4.4
Manual
Sector Erase Timer Flag (DQ3)
The sector erase timer flag (DQ3) is a hardware sequence flag indicating
whether the Flash memory is waiting for sector erase after the sector erase
command has started.
■ Sector Erase Timer Flag (DQ3)
Table 27.4-9 and Table 27.4-10 show the state transition of the sector erase timer flag during
normal operation and the one during abnormal operation respectively.
Table 27.4-9
State Transition of Sector Erase Timer Flag (During Normal Operation)
Programming 
Operating
Programming
state
completed
DQ3
0  DATA: 3
Chip/sector
Sector erase
erase 
wait 
Erasing
Erasing started
completed
01
1
Sector erase 
Sector erase
Sector erase
Sector erase
suspended 
being suspended
suspended
Erasing resumed
(Sector not being
(Sector being
(Sector being
erased)
erased)
erased)
1
1
DATA: 3
Table 27.4-10 State Transition of Sector Erase Timer Flag (During Abnormal Operation)
Operating state
Programming
Chip/sector erase
DQ3
0
1
● At sector erase
•
When a read access is made after the sector erase command has started, the sector erase
timer flag (DQ3) outputs "0" within the sector erase wait time. The flag outputs "1" if the
sector erase wait time has elapsed.
•
When the data polling function or the toggle bit function indicates that the erase algorithm
is being executed (DQ7 = 0, DQ6: toggle output), the Flash memory executes sector erase.
If the command subsequently set is not a sector erase suspend command, it is ignored until
sector erase is terminated.
•
If the sector erase timer flag (DQ3) is "0", the Flash memory can accept the sector erase
command. Before writing the sector erase command to the Flash memory, make sure that
the sector erase timer flag (DQ3) is "0". If the flag is "1", the Flash memory may not accept
suspending the sector erase command.
● At sector erase suspension
When a read access is made with the sector erase operation suspended, the Flash memory
outputs "1" if the read address of that read access is the address of a sector being erased. If the
read address is not the address of a sector being erased, the Flash memory outputs bit3
(DATA: 3) of the value read from the read address.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
527
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.4 Checking Automatic Algorithm Execution Status
H ard war e
27.4.5
Ma nu al
Toggle Bit2 Flag (DQ2)
The toggle bit2 flag (DQ2) is a hardware sequence flag using the toggle bit
function to indicate whether a read address is an erase target sector in the
sector erase suspend state and whether output data is toggled.
■ Toggle Bit2 Flag (DQ2)
Table 27.4-11 and Table 27.4-12 show the state transition of the toggle bit2 flag during normal
operation and the one during abnormal operation respectively.
Table 27.4-11 State Transition of Toggle Bit2 Flag (During Normal Operation)
Programming 
Operating
Programming
state
completed
DQ2
0  DATA: 2
Chip/sector
Sector erase
erase 
wait 
Erasing
Erasing started
completed
Toggle  1
Toggle
Sector erase 
Sector erase
Sector erase
Sector erase
suspended 
being suspended
suspended
Erasing resumed
(Sector not being
(Sector being
(Sector being
erased)
erased)
erased)
Toggle
Toggle
DATA: 2
Table 27.4-12 State Transition of Toggle Bit2 Flag (During Abnormal Operation)
Operating state
Programming
Chip/sector erase
DQ2
0
Toggle
● At chip/sector erase
•
When read accesses are continuously made to a sector to be erased while the automatic
chip/sector erase algorithm is being executed, the Flash memory toggles the output between
"1" and "0" at each read access.
•
When read accesses are continuously made to a sector not to be erased while the automatic
chip/sector erase algorithm is being executed, the Flash memory outputs bit2 (DATA: 2) of
the value read from a read address of each read access.
● At sector erase suspension
528
•
With a sector erase operation suspended, when read accesses are continuously made to a
sector to be erased, the Flash memory toggles the output between "1" and "0" whenever a
read access is made.
•
With a sector erase operation suspended, when read accesses are continuously made to a
sector not to be erased, the Flash memory outputs bit2 (DATA: 2) of the read value of a
read address whenever a read access is made.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
Ha rdware
27.5
Manual
Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
This section describes the respective procedures for reading/resetting the
Flash memory, programming, chip-erasing, sector-erasing, sector erase
suspending and sector erase resuming by entering respective commands to
invoke the automatic algorithm.
■ Details of Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
The automatic algorithm can be invoked by programming the read/reset, program, chip erase,
sector erase, sector-erase suspend, and sector erase resume command sequence to the Flash
memory from the CPU. Always write the commands of a command sequence continuously
from the CPU to the Flash memory. The termination of the automatic algorithm can be checked
by the data polling function. After the automatic algorithm terminates normally, the Flash
memory returns to the read/reset state.
The operations are explained in the following order:
•
Enter the read/reset state
•
Program data
•
Erase all data (chip erase)
•
Erase arbitrary data (sector erase)
•
Suspend sector erase
•
Resume sector erase
•
Unlock bypass program
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
529
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
H ard war e
27.5.1
Ma nu al
Placing Flash Memory in Read/Reset State
This section explains the procedure for entering the read/reset command to
place the Flash memory in read/reset state.
■ Placing Flash Memory in Read/Reset State
530
•
To place the Flash memory in the read/reset state, send read/reset commands in the
command sequence table from the CPU to the Flash memory.
•
Since the read/reset state is the initial state of the Flash memory, the Flash memory always
enters this state after power-on or the normal termination of a command. The read/reset
state is also regarded as the command input wait state.
•
In the read/reset state, data in the Flash memory can be read by a read access to the Flash
memory.
•
In the case of a read access to the Flash memory, no read/reset commands are required. If a
command does not terminate normally, use a read/reset command to initialize the automatic
algorithm.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
Ha rdware
27.5.2
Manual
Programming Data to Flash Memory
This section explains the procedure for entering the program command to
program data to the Flash memory.
■ Programming Data to Flash Memory
•
To invoke the automatic algorithm for programming data to the Flash memory, send
program commands in the command sequence table consecutively from the CPU to the
Flash memory.
•
When data is programmed to a target address in the fourth cycle, the automatic algorithm is
invoked and starts automatic programming.
● Addressing method
Programming can be performed in any order of addresses and across a sector boundary. The
size of data that can be written by a single program command is one byte only.
● Note on programming data
•
Bit data cannot be returned from "0" to "1" by programming. When "1" is written to bit data
that is currently "0", the data polling function (DQ7) or toggle operation (DQ6) is not
terminated, it is determined that Flash memory component is defective, and the execution
timeout flag (DQ5) indicates that an error has occurred because the execution time of the
automatic algorithm exceeds the programming time specified.
When data is read in the read/reset state, the bit data remains "0". To make the bit data
return from "0" to "1", erase the Flash memory.
•
All commands are ignored during programming.
•
During programming, if a hardware reset occurs, the integrity of data being written to the
current address is not guaranteed. Start programming the data from the chip erase command
or the sector erase command again.
■ Flash Memory Programming Procedure
•
Figure 27.5-1 gives an example of the procedure for programming data to the Flash
memory. The hardware sequence flag can be used to check the operating state of the
automatic algorithm in the Flash memory. The data polling flag (DQ7) is used for checking
the end of programming data into Flash memory in this example.
•
Data for flag checking is read from the address to which data has been last written.
•
Since the data polling flag (DQ7) and the execution timeout flag (DQ5) are changed
simultaneously, check the data polling flag (DQ7) even when the execution timeout flag
(DQ5) is "1".
•
Similarly, since the toggle bit flag (DQ6) stops toggling at the same time as the execution
timeout flag (DQ5) changes to "1", check DQ6 after DQ5 changes to "1".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
531
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 27.5-1 Sample Procedure for Programming to Flash Memory
Start of programming
FSR:WRE
Enable Flash memory programming.
SWRE0
Enable/disable programming data to a sector.
(Write "0" to disable programming data or “1” to enable
programming data to a sector.)
Programming command sequence
(1) 0xUAAA ← 0xAA
(2) 0xU554 ← 0x55
(3) 0xUAAA ← 0xA0
(4) Program address ← Program data
Read internal address.
Data polling
(DQ7)
Next address
Data
Data
0
Execution timeout
(DQ5)
1
Read internal address.
Data
Data polling
(DQ7)
Data
Program error
Last address?
NO
YES
FSR:WRE
Disable Flash memory programming.
End of programming
532
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
Ha rdware
27.5.3
Manual
Erasing All Data from Flash Memory (Chip Erase)
This section explains the procedure for issuing the chip erase command to
erase all data in the Flash memory.
■ Erasing Data from Flash Memory (Chip Erase)
•
To erase all data from the Flash memory, send the chip erase command mentioned in the
command sequence table continuously from the CPU to the Flash memory.
•
The chip erase command is executed in six bus operations. Chip erasing starts at the point
when the sixth cycle of programming commands is complete.
•
In chip erase, the user does not need to program data to the Flash memory before starting
erasing data. While the automatic erase algorithm is running, it automatically writes "0" to
all cells in the Flash memory before erasing data.
■ Note on Chip Erase
•
The chip erase command is accepted only when programming data to all sectors has been
enabled. The chip erase command is ignored even if only one bit for a sector in the flash
memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0) has been set to "0" (to disable
programming data to that sector).
•
During chip erase, if a hardware reset occurs, the integrity of data in the Flash memory is
not guaranteed.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
533
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
H ard war e
27.5.4
Ma nu al
Erasing Specific Data from Flash Memory
(Sector Erase)
This section explains the procedure for entering the sector erase command to
erase a specific sector in the Flash memory. Sector-by-sector erase is enabled
and multiple sectors can also be specified simultaneously.
■ Erasing Specific Data from Flash Memory (Sector Erase)
To erase data from a specific sector in the Flash memory, send the sector erase command
mentioned in the command sequence table continuously from the CPU to the Flash memory.
● Specifying a sector
•
The sector erase command is executed in six bus operations. A minimum of 35 µs sector
erase wait time starts as an address in the sector to be erased is specified as the address for
the sixth cycle and the sector erase code (0x30) is written as data.
•
To erase data from multiple sectors, write the erase code (0x30) to an address in sector to
be erased after programming the sector erase code to the address of the first sector to be
erased as explained above.
● Note on specifying multiple sectors
•
Sector erase starts as a minimum of 35 s sector erase wait time elapses after the last sector
erase code has been written.
•
To erase data from multiple sectors simultaneously, input the addresses of sectors to be
erased and the erase code (in the sixth cycle of the command sequence) within 35 µs. If the
erase code is input after 35 µs elapses, it will not be accepted due to the end of the sector
erase wait time.
•
The sector erase timer flag (DQ3) can be used to check whether it is valid to write sector
erase codes continuously.
•
Specify the address of a sector to be erased as the address at which the sector erase timer
flag (DQ3) is read.
■ Flash Memory Sector Erase Procedure
•
Hardware sequence flags can be used to check the state of the automatic algorithm in the
Flash memory. Figure 27.5-2 gives an example of the Flash memory sector erase
procedure. In this example, the toggle bit flag (DQ6) is used to check the end of sector
erase.
•
The toggle bit flag (DQ6) stops toggling the output at the same time as the execution
timeout flag (DQ5) changes to "1". Check the toggle bit flag (DQ6) even when the
execution timeout flag (DQ5) is "1".
•
Since the data polling flag (DQ7) and the execution timeout flag (DQ5) are changed
simultaneously, check the data polling flag (DQ7).
■ Note on Erasing Data from Sectors
If a hardware reset occurs while data is being erased, the integrity of data in the Flash memory
is not guaranteed. Therefore, run the sector erase procedure again after a hardware reset occurs.
534
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 27.5-2 Sample Procedure for Erasing Data from Sectors in Flash Memory
Start of erasing
FSR:WRE
Enable Flash memory erasing.
SWRE0
Enable/disable programming data to a sector.
(Write "0" to disable programming data or “1” to enable
programming data to a sector.)
Erase command sequence
(1) 0xUAAA ← 0xAA
(2) 0xU554 ← 0x55
(3) 0xUAAA ← 0x80
(4) 0xUAAA ← 0xAA
(5) 0xU554 ← 0x55
(6) Input code (0x30) to
erase sector.
YES
Erase any other
sectors?
NO
Read internal address.
Read internal address 1.
0
DQ3
Read internal address 2.
1
Erase specification has not
been added within 35 μs.
Set remainder re-execution
flag, and terminate
erase once
Toggle bit (DQ6)
Data 1 = Data 2
YES
NO
0
Execution timeout
(DQ5)
1
Read internal address.
Read internal address.
NO
Toggle bit (DQ6)
Data 1 = Data 2
YES
Erase error
Remainder
re-execution flag?
YES
NO
FSR:WRE
Disable Flash memory erasing.
End of erasing
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
H ard war e
27.5.5
Ma nu al
Suspending Sector Erase from Flash Memory
This section explains the procedure for entering the sector erase suspend
command to suspend sector erase from the Flash memory. Data can be read
from sectors not being erased.
■ Suspending Sector Erase from Flash Memory
•
To suspend the Flash memory sector erase, send the sector erase suspend command
mentioned in the command sequence table from the CPU to the Flash memory.
•
The sector erase suspend command suspends the current sector erase operation, allowing
data to be read from sectors that are not being erased.
•
The sector erase suspend command is only enabled during the sector erase period including
the erase wait time; it is ignored in chip erasing or programming.
•
The sector erase suspend command is executed when the sector erase suspend code (0xB0)
is written. Specify an address in the sector selected to be erased. If an attempt is made to
execute the sector erase suspend command again when sector erase has been suspended, the
new sector erase suspend command input is ignored.
•
When a sector erase suspend command is input during the sector erase wait time, the sector
erase wait time ends immediately, the sector erase operation is stopped, and the Flash
memory enters the erase stop state.
•
When a sector erase suspend command is input during sector erase after the sector erase
wait time, the erase suspend state occurs after a maximum of 35 µs has elapsed since the
issue of the sector erase suspend command.
Note:
To suspend sector erase by issuing a sector erase suspend command, issue the
command after 35 µs + 2 MCLK (machine clock) or longer has elapsed since the issue of
a sector erase command or a sector erase resume command.
To suspend sector erase command again after resuming sector erase by issuing a sector
erase resume command, issue the command after 2 ms or longer has elapsed since the
issue of the sector erase resume command.
536
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
Ha rdware
27.5.6
Manual
Resuming Sector Erase of Flash Memory
This section explains the procedure for entering the sector erase resume
command to resume suspended erasing of a sector in the Flash memory.
■ Resuming Sector Erase of Flash Memory
•
To resume suspended sector erase, send the sector erase resume command mentioned in the
command sequence table from the CPU to the Flash memory.
•
The sector erase resume command resumes a sector erase operation suspended by the sector
erase suspend command. The sector erase resume command is executed by writing erase
resume code (0x30). Specify an address in the sector selected to be erased.
•
A sector erase resume command input during sector erase is ignored.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
537
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.5 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
H ard war e
27.5.7
Ma nu al
Unlock Bypass Program
This sections explains details of the unlock bypass state.
■ Transiting from Normal Command State to Unlock Bypass State
If an unlock bypass program command is input in the normal command state, the Flash
memory will transit to the unlock bypass state. In this state, a program command can be
executed if the command is input within two cycles as mentioned in Table 27.3-1.
■ Returning from Unlock Bypass State to Normal Command State
If an unlock bypass reset command is input in the unlock bypass state, the Flash memory will
return to the normal command state from the unlock bypass state. In addition, executing a
hardware reset in the unlock bypass state will also make Flash memory return to the normal
command state.
538
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.6 Operations
Ha rdware
27.6
Manual
Operations
Pay attention in particular to the following points when using dual operation
Flash memory:
• Interrupt generated when upper banks are updated
• Procedure of setting the sector swap enable bit in the flash memory status
register (FSR:SSEN)
■ Interrupt Generated When Upper Banks Are Updated
The dual operation Flash memory consists of two banks. Like conventional Flash products,
however, it cannot be erased/programmed and read at the same time in banks on the same side.
As SA3 contains an interrupt vector, an interrupt vector from the CPU cannot be read normally
when an interrupt occurs during programming data to an upper bank. Before an upper bank can
be updated, the sector swap enable bit must be set to "1" (FSR:SSEN = 1). When an interrupt
occurs, therefore, SA1 is accessed to read interrupt vector data. The same data must be copied
to SA1 and SA3 before the sector swap enable bit (FSR:SSEN) is set.
■ Procedure for Setting Sector Swap Enable Bit (FSR:SSEN)
Figure 27.6-1 shows a sample procedure of setting the sector swap enable bit (FSR:SSEN).
To modify data in the upper bank, it is necessary to set FSR:SSEN to "1". While data is being
written to the Flash memory, modifying the setting of FSR:SSEN is prohibited. The setting of
FSR:SSEN can only be modified before the start of programming data to the Flash memory or
after the completion of programming data to the Flash memory. In addition, control the Flash
memory interrupts while setting FSR:SSEN as follows: before setting FSR:SSEN, disable the
Flash memory interrupts; after setting FSR:SSEN, enable the interrupts.
Figure 27.6-1 Sample Procedure for Setting the Sector Swap Enable Bit (FSR:SSEN)
Start updating Flash data
Update data in lower bank
Start program operation
Update data in upper bank
Copy data
from SA3 to SA1
Set FSR:SSEN to "1"
Start program operation
Complete
Flash data update
Complete
Flash data update
Set FSR:SSEN to "0"
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.6 Operations
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Operation during Programming/Erasing
It is prohibited to program data to the Flash memory within an interrupt routine when an
interrupt occurs during Flash memory programming/erasing.
When two or more program/erase routines exist, wait for one program/erase routine to finish
before executing another program/erase routine.
While data is being written to or erased from the Flash memory, state transition in the current
mode (clock mode or standby mode) is prohibited. Ensure that programming data to or erasing
data from the Flash memory ends before state transition occurs.
540
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.7 Flash Security
Ha rdware
27.7
Manual
Flash Security
The Flash security controller function prevents contents of the Flash memory
from being read by external pins.
■ Flash Security
Writing protection code "0x01" to the Flash memory address (0xFFFC) restricts access to the
Flash memory, disabling any read/write access to the Flash memory from any external pin.
Once the protection of the Flash memory is enabled, the function cannot be unlocked until a
chip erase command operation is executed.
It is advisable to write the protection code at the end of Flash programming to avoid enabling
unnecessary protection during writing.
Once Flash security is enabled, a chip erase operation must be executed before data can be
written to the Flash memory again.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
27.8
Ma nu al
Registers
This section describes the registers for the dual operation Flash memory.
Table 27.8-1 List of Dual Operation Flash Memory Registers
Register
abbreviation
542
Register name
Reference
FSR2
Flash memory status register 2
27.8.1
FSR
Flash memory status register
27.8.2
SWRE0
Flash memory sector write control register 0
27.8.3
FSR3
Flash memory status register 3
27.8.4
FSR4
Flash memory status register 4
27.8.5
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
27.8.1
Manual
Flash Memory Status Register 2 (FSR2)
This section describes the Flash memory status register 2 (FSR2).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PEIEN
PGMEND
PTIEN
PGMTO
EEIEN
ERSEND
ETIEN
ERSTO
Attribute
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] PEIEN: PGMEND interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests triggered by the completion of Flash memory
programming.
bit7
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the interrupt request upon completion of Flash memory programming
(FSR2:PGMEND = 1).
Writing "1"
Enables the interrupt request upon completion of Flash memory programming
(FSR2:PGMEND = 1).
[bit6] PGMEND: PGMEND interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates the completion of Flash memory programming.
The PGMEND bit is set to "1" upon completion of the Flash memory automatic algorithm.
An interrupt request is generated when the PGMEND bit is set to "1", provided that generating an interrupt
request upon completion of Flash memory programming has been enabled (FSR2:PEIEN = 1).
When the PGMEND bit is set to "0" after Flash memory programming is completed, further Flash memory
programming/erasing is disabled. Writing a reset command can make the Flash memory return to the normal
command state.
When Flash memory programming fails (FSR3:HANG = 1), the PGMEND bit is cleared to "0".
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit6
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the device is in the command input wait state or Flash memory programming is in
progress.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory programming has been completed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit5] PTIEN: PGMTO interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests triggered by the failure of Flash memory
programming.
bit5
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the interrupt request upon failure of Flash memory programming (FSR2:PGMTO = 1).
Writing "1"
Enables the interrupt request upon failure of Flash memory programming (FSR2:PGMTO = 1).
[bit4] PGMTO: PGMTO interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates that Flash memory programming has failed.
When Flash memory programming fails, the PGMTO bit is set to "1" upon completion of the Flash memory
automatic algorithm. Afterward, further Flash memory programming/erasing is disabled. Writing a reset
command can make the Flash memory return to the normal command state.
An interrupt request is generated when the PGMTO bit is set to "1", provided that generating an interrupt
request upon failure of Flash memory programming has been enabled (FSR2:PTIEN = 1).
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the device is in the command input wait state or Flash memory programming is in
progress.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory programming has failed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit3] EEIEN: ERSEND interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests triggered by the completion of Flash memory
sector erase.
bit3
544
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the interrupt request upon completion of Flash memory sector erase
(FSR2:ERSEND = 1).
Writing "1"
Enables the interrupt request upon completion of Flash memory sector erase
(FSR2:ERSEND = 1).
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit2] ERSEND: ERSEND interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates the completion of Flash memory sector erase.
The ERSEND bit is set to "1" upon completion of the Flash memory automatic algorithm.
An interrupt request is generated when the ERSEND bit is set to "1", provided that generating an interrupt
request upon completion of Flash memory sector erase has been enabled (FSR2:EEIEN = 1).
When the ERSEND bit is set to "0" after Flash memory sector erase is completed, further Flash memory
programming/erasing is disabled. Writing a reset command can make the Flash memory return to the normal
command state.
When Flash memory sector erase fails (FSR3:HANG = 1), the ERSEND bit is cleared to "0".
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit2
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the device is in the command input wait state or Flash memory sector erase is in
progress.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory sector erase has been completed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit1] ETIEN: ERSTO interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests triggered by the failure of Flash memory
sector erase.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the interrupt request upon failure of Flash memory sector erase (FSR2:ERSTO = 1).
Writing "1"
Enables the interrupt request upon failure of Flash memory sector erase (FSR2:ERSTO = 1).
[bit0] ERSTO: ERSTO interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates that Flash memory sector erase has failed.
When Flash memory sector erase fails, the ERSTO bit is set to "1" upon completion of the Flash memory
automatic algorithm. Afterward, further Flash memory programming/erasing is disabled. Writing a reset
command can make the Flash memory return to the normal command state.
An interrupt request is generated when the ERSTO bit is set to "1", provided that generating an interrupt
request upon failure of Flash memory sector erase has been enabled (FSR2:ETIEN = 1).
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit0
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the device is in the command input wait state or Flash memory sector erase is in
progress.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory sector erase has failed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
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545
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
27.8.2
Ma nu al
Flash Memory Status Register (FSR)
This section describes the Flash memory status register (FSR).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
RDYIRQ
RDY
Reserved
IRQEN
WRE
SSEN
Attribute
—
—
R/W
R
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
X
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] RDYIRQ: Flash memory operation flag bit
This bit indicates the operating state of the Flash memory.
After the Flash memory programming/erasing is completed, the RDYIRQ bit is set to "1" at the point when
the automatic algorithm of the Flash memory ends.
With the interrupt triggered by the completion of Flash memory programming/erasing having been enabled
(FSR:IRQEN = 1), if the RDYIRQ bit is set to "1", an interrupt request occurs.
After Flash memory programming/erasing is completed, if the RDYIRQ bit has already been set to "0",
further Flash memory programming/erasing is disabled. Writing a reset command can make the Flash
memory return to the normal command state.
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit5
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that Flash memory programming/erasing is in progress.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory programming/erasing has been completed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit4] RDY: Flash memory program/erase status bit
This bit indicates the program/erase status of the Flash memory.
When the RDY bit is "0", programming data into and erasing data from the Flash memory are disabled.
The read/reset command/sector erase suspend command can still be accepted when the RDY bit is "0". When
programming or erasing ends, the RDY bit is set to "1".
After a program/erase command is issued, there is a delay of two machine clock (MCLK) cycles before the
RDY bit becomes "0". After the issue of a program/erase command, wait for those two machine clock cycles
to elapse (e.g. inserting NOP twice) before reading this bit.
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that data is being programmed/erased. (Programming/erasing next data is disabled.)
Reading "1"
Indicates that data has been programmed/erased. (Programming/erasing next data is enabled.)
[bit3] Reserved bit
Always set this bit to "0".
546
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit2] IRQEN: Flash memory program/erase interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests triggered by the completion of Flash memory
programming/erasing.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Disables generating an interrupt upon completion of Flash memory programming/erasing.
Writing "1"
Enables generating an interrupt upon completion of Flash memory programming/erasing.
[bit1] WRE: Flash memory program/erase enable bit
This bit enables or disables the programming/erasing of data into/from the Flash memory area.
Set the WRE bit before invoking a Flash memory program/erase command.
Writing "0" to this bit disables generating program/erase signals even when a program/erase command is
input.
Writing "1" to this bit enables programming/erasing Flash memory data after a program/erase command is
input.
When not programming data into or erasing data from the Flash memory, set the WRE bit to "0" in order to
prevent data from being accidentally written into or erased from the Flash memory.
To program data to the Flash memory, set FSR:WRE to "1" to enable programming data to the Flash
memory, and set the flash memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0) according to the Flash memory
sector into which data is to be written. When Flash memory programming is disabled (FSR:WRE = 0), no
write access to a sector in the Flash memory can be executed even though it has been enabled by setting a bit
corresponding to that sector in the Flash memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0) to "1".
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables Flash memory area programming/erasing.
Writing "1"
Enables Flash memory area programming/erasing.
[bit0] SSEN: Sector swap enable bit
This bit is used to swap part of SA3 in the upper bank, at which interrupt vectors are kept, for SA1 in the
lower bank.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Maps SA1 to 0x1800-0x1FFF, and the 2 Kbyte address area of SA3 to 0xF800-0xFFFF.
Writing "1"
Maps the 2 Kbyte address area of SA3 to 0x1800-0x1FFF, and SA1 to 0xF800-0xFFFF.
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 27.8-1 Access Sector Map by FSR:SSEN Value
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA1: 2 Kbyte
SA3: 2 Kbyte
-
Lower bank
Lower bank
0x1000
0x17FF
0x1800
0x1FFF
0x2000
MB95F716E/F716L/F776E/F776L
CPU address
0x1000
0x17FF
0x1800
0x1FFF
0x2000
MB95F718E/F718L/F778E/F778L
CPU address
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA1: 2 Kbyte
SA3: 2 Kbyte
-
-
Lower bank
MB95F714E/F714L/F774E/F774L
CPU address
0x1000
0x17FF
0x1800
0x1FFF
0x2000
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA0: 2 Kbyte
SA1: 2 Kbyte
SA3: 2 Kbyte
SA2: 24 Kbyte
SA2: 24 Kbyte
-
0x7FFF
0x8000
Upper bank
Upper bank
0x7FFF
0x8000
Upper bank
0xBFFF
0xC000
SA3: 30 Kbyte
SA3: 32 Kbyte
SA3: 14 Kbyte
SA3: 16 Kbyte
Interrupt
vector
0xF7FF
0xF800
SA1: 2 Kbyte
0xFFFF
FSR:SSEN=0
548
SA3: 30 Kbyte
SA3: 32 Kbyte
FSR:SSEN=1
0xF7FF
0xF800
SA1: 2 Kbyte
0xFFFF
FSR:SSEN=0
FSR:SSEN=1
0xF7FF
0xF800
SA1: 2 Kbyte
0xFFFF
FSR:SSEN=0
FSR:SSEN=1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
27.8.3
Manual
Flash Memory Sector Write Control Register 0
(SWRE0)
The flash memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0) is installed in the
Flash memory interface and used to set the function of protecting the Flash
memory against spurious writes.
The flash memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0) has bits for enabling/disabling
programming data into individual sectors (SA0 to SA3). The initial value of each bit is "0",
meaning programming data is disabled. Writing "1" to a bit in SWRE0 enables programming
data into the sector corresponding to that bit. Writing "0" to a bit in SWRE0 prevents data from
being accidentally written into the sector corresponding to that bit. When "0" is written to a bit
in SWRE0, even though "1" is written to that bit afterward, data cannot be programmed into
the sector corresponding to that bit. To re-program the data, execute a reset operation.
Only write data to SWRE0 by the byte. Setting the bits in SWRE0 using the bit manipulation
instruction is prohibited.
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
SA3E
SA2E
SA1E
SA0E
Attribute
W
W
W
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:4] Reserved bits
Always set these bits to "0".
[bit3:0] SA3E, SA2E, SA1E, SA0E: Programming function setup bits
These bits are used to set the function of preventing data from being accidentally written into a sector of the
Flash memory. Writing "1" to a bit in SWRE0 enables programming data into the sector corresponding to
that bit. Writing "0" to a bit in SWRE0 prevents data from being accidentally written into the sector
corresponding to that bit. In addition, a reset initializes that bit to "0" (programming disabled).
Table of programming function setup bits and their corresponding Flash memory sectors
Bit name
Corresponding sector in Flash memory
SA3E
SA3
SA2E
SA2
SA1E
SA1
SA0E
SA0
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Settings of SAxE (x = 0, 1, 2 or 3) and their respective programming functions:
• Program-disabled (SAxE = 0)
With "0" not written to the SAxE bit in the flash memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0),
programming data to a sector can be enabled by setting the SAxE bit corresponding to that sector to "1".
(This is the state after a reset).
• Program-enabled (SAxE = 1)
Data can be written to a sector corresponding to the SAxE bit.
• Spurious programming prevention (SAxE = 0)
With "0" written to the SAxE bit in the flash memory sector write control register 0 (SWRE0),
programming data to a sector cannot be enabled even though the SAxE bit corresponding to that sector is
set to "1".
Figure 27.8-2 Examples of Flash Memory Program-disabled, Program-enabled, and Spurious
Programming Prevention States Depending on Flash Memory Sector Write Control Register 0
(SWRE0)
InitializeWrite access
to register
Write access
to register
Initialize
RST
ProgramProgram-enabled
disabled
Spurious
programming
prevention
Program-disabled
SA0E
Programdisabled
Spurious programming
prevention
Program-disabled
Programdisabled
Program-enabled
Program-disabled
SA1E
SA2E
ProgramProgram-enabled
disabled
Spurious
programming
prevention
Program-disabled
SA3E
■ Note on Setting SWRE0 Register
To program data to or erase data from SA0 (0x1000 to 0x17FF) or SA1 (0x1800 to 0x1FFF) of
the Flash memory when FSR:SSEN is "0", set both SA0E and SA1E in the SWRE0 register to
"1" first.
To program data to or erase data when FSR:SSEN is "1", set SA0E, SA1E, SA2E and SA3E in
the SWRE0 register to "1" first.
For details of the sector map of the Flash memory, see Figure 27.2-1 and Figure 27.8-1.
550
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
27.8.4
Manual
Flash Memory Status Register 3 (FSR3)
This section describes the flash memory status register 3 (FSR3).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
CERS
ESPS
SERS
PGMS
HANG
Attribute
—
—
—
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
0
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
■ Register Functions
[bit7:5] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit4] CERS: Flash memory chip erase status bit
This bit indicates the chip erase status of the Flash memory.
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that Flash memory chip erase has been completed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory chip erase is in progress.
[bit3] ESPS: Flash memory sector erase suspend status bit
This bit indicates the sector erase suspend of the Flash memory.
bit3
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that Flash memory sector erase suspend has been completed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory sector erase suspend is in progress.
[bit2] SERS: Flash memory sector erase status bit
This bit indicates the sector erase status of the Flash memory.
bit2
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that Flash memory sector erase has been completed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory sector erase is in progress.
[bit1] PGMS: Flash memory program status bit
This bit indicates the program status of the Flash memory.
The PGMS bit will never be asserted under the condition that the machine clock (MCLK) cycle is longer than
1 µs. Use this bit with the machine clock (MCLK) cycle shorter than 1 µs.
bit1
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that Flash memory program has been completed.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory program is in progress.
[bit0] HANG: Flash memory hang up status bit
This bit indicates whether the Flash memory has malfunctioned or not.
bit0
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no malfunction of command input has occurred so far.
Reading "1"
Indicates that a malfunction of command input has occurred.
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
27.8.5
Ma nu al
Flash Memory Status Register 4 (FSR4)
This section describes of the flash memory status register 4 (FSR4).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
CEREND
CTIEN
CERTO
—
—
—
—
Attribute
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7] Undefined bit
The read value of this bit is always "0". Writing a value to this bit has no effect on operation.
[bit6] CEREND: Flash memory chip erase completion status bit
This bit indicates the completion of Flash memory chip erase.
The CEREND bit is set to "1" upon completion of the Flash memory automatic algorithm.
When the CEREND bit is set to "0" after Flash memory chip erase is completed, further Flash memory
programming/erasing is disabled. Writing a reset command can make the Flash memory return to the normal
command state.
When Flash memory chip erase fails (FSR3:HANG = 1), this bit is cleared to "0".
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit6
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the device is in the command input wait state or Flash memory chip erase is in
progress.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory chip erase has been completed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit5] CTIEN: CERTO interrupt enable bit
This bit enables or disables the generation of interrupt requests triggered by the failure of Flash memory chip
erase.
bit5
552
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the interrupt request upon failure of Flash memory chip erase (FSR4:CERTO = 1).
Writing "1"
Enables the interrupt request upon failure of Flash memory chip erase (FSR4:CERTO = 1).
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit4] CERTO: CERTO interrupt request flag bit
This bit indicates that Flash memory chip erase has failed.
When Flash memory chip erase fails, the CERTO bit is set to "1" upon completion of the Flash memory
automatic algorithm.
An interrupt request is generated when the CERTO bit is set to "1", provided that generating an interrupt
request upon failure of Flash memory chip erase has been enabled (FSR4:CTIEN = 1).
When the CERTO bit is set to "1" after Flash memory chip erase is completed, further Flash memory
programming/erasing is disabled. Writing a reset command can make the Flash memory return to the normal
command state.
Writing "0" to this bit clears it.
Writing "1" to this bit has no effect on operation.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the device is in the command input wait state or Flash memory chip erase is in
progress.
Reading "1"
Indicates that Flash memory chip erase has failed.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
[bit3:0] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Examples of Status of Flash Memory Status Register 2, Flash Memory Status
Register 3, Flash Memory Status Register 4 and RDY Bit (FSR:RDY)
Figure 27.8-3 FSR2:PGMEND during Flash Memory Programming
Program command
Program END
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:PGMEND
Figure 27.8-4 FSR2:PGMTO when Flash Memory Programming Failed
Program command
Program timeout
Reset command
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:PGMTO
Figure 27.8-5 FSR2:ERSEND during Flash Memory Sector Erase
Sector erase command
Sector erase END
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:ERSEND
554
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 27.8-6 FSR2:ERSTO when Flash Memory Sector Erase Failed
Sector erase command
Sector erase timeout
Reset command
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:ERSTO
Figure 27.8-7 FSR2:PGMEND and FSR2:ERSEND when Flash Memory Programming Is in
Progress with Flash Memory Sector Erase Suspended
Sector erase
Sector erase suspend
command
command
Program
command
Sector erase
suspend
resume command
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:PGMEND
FSR2:ERSEND
Figure 27.8-8 FSR2:PGMTO and FSR2:ERSEND when Flash Memory Programming Failed with
Flash Memory Sector Erase Suspended
Sector erase
Sector erase suspend
command command
Program
command
Program
timeout
Reset
command
Sector erase
suspend
resume command
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:PGMTO
FSR2:ERSTO
FSR2:ERSEND
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure 27.8-9 FSR2:ERSEND when Flash Memory Read Is in Progress with Flash Memory
Sector Erase Suspended
Sector erase
Sector erase suspend
command
command
Sector erase
Reset command
suspend
(read)
resume command
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
No effect
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:ERSEND
Figure 27.8-10 FSR2:PGMEND and FSR2:ERSTO when Flash Memory Sector Erase Failed after
Sector Erase Has Resumed
Sector erase
Sector erase suspend
command command
Sector erase Sector erase
Reset
suspend
timeout
command
resume command
Program
command
FSR:RDY
FSR3:PGMS
FSR3:SERS
FSR3:ESPS
FSR3:HANG
FSR2:PGMEND
FSR2:ERSTO
Figure 27.8-11 FSR4:CERTO when Chip Erase Failed
Chip erase
command
Reset
command
Chip erase
timeout
FSR:RDY
FSR3:CERS
FSR3:HANG
FSR4:CERTO
556
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure 27.8-12 FSR4:CEREND during Chip Erase
Chip erase
command
Chip erase
end
FSR:RDY
FSR3:CERS
FSR3:SERS
FSR4:CEREND
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Flash Memory Sector Write Control Register 0 (SWRE0) Setup Flow Chart
Set the FSR:WRE bit to "1" to enable Flash memory programming, then enable or disable
programming data into a sector by setting the corresponding bit in the SWRE0 register to "1"
or "0" respectively.
Figure 27.8-13 Sample Procedure for Enabling/Disabling Flash Memory Programming
Start of programming
FSR:WRE
Enable Flash memory programming.
SWRE0
Enable/disable programming data to a sector.
(Write "0" to disable programming data or “1” to enable
programming data to a sector)
Programming command sequence
(1) 0xUAAA ← 0xAA
(2) 0xU554 ← 0x55
(3) 0xUAAA ← 0xA0
(4) Program address ← Program data
Read internal address.
Data polling
(DQ7)
Next address
Data
Data
0
Execution timeout
(DQ5)
1
Read internal address.
Data
Data polling
(DQ7)
Data
Program error
Last address?
NO
YES
FSR:WRE
Disable Flash memory programming.
End of programming
558
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.8 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Note on Setting (FSR:WRE)
To program data to the Flash memory, set the WRE bit to "1" to enable Flash memory
programming and then set the bit in the SWRE0 register corresponding to a sector to which
data is to be written. When Flash memory programming is disabled by setting the WRE bit to
"0", no write access to a sector in the Flash memory can be executed even though it has been
enabled by setting a bit corresponding to that sector in the SWRE0 register to "1".
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 27 DUAL OPERATION FLASH MEMORY
27.9 Notes on Using Dual Operation Flash Memory
H ard war e
27.9
Ma nu al
Notes on Using Dual Operation Flash Memory
This section provides notes on using the dual operation Flash memory.
■ Restriction on Using Toggle Bit Flag (DQ6)
When using the dual-operation Flash memory (The Flash memory write control program is
executed on the Flash memory), the toggle bit flag (DQ6) cannot be used to check the
operating state of the Flash memory during programming or erasing. Therefore, use the data
polling flag (DQ7) to check the internal operating state of the Flash memory after
programming data to the Flash memory or erasing data from the Flash memory as shown in the
examples in Figure 27.5-1 and Figure 27.5-2.
The restriction above does not apply if the Flash memory write control program is executed on
the RAM.
560
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 28
NON-VOLATILE
REGISTER (NVR)
INTERFACE
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the NVR interface.
28.1 Overview
28.2 Configuration
28.3 Registers
28.4 Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming
28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.1 Overview
H ard war e
28.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The NVR (Non-Volatile Register) area is a reserved area in the Flash that stores
system information and option settings. After a reset, data in the NVR Flash
area will be fetched and stored in registers in the NVR I/O area. In the
MB95710L/770L Series, the NVR interface is used to store the following data:
• Coarse trimming value for main CR Clock (5 bits)
• Fine trimming value for main CR Clock (5 bits)
• Watchdog timer selection ID (16 bits)
• Temperature dependent adjustment value for main CR clock (5 bits)
■ Functions of NVR Interface
Functions of the NVR interface are as follows:
1. The NVR interface retrieves all data from the NVR Flash area and stores it in the registers
in the NVR I/O area after a reset. See Figure 28.1-1 and Figure 28.2-1.
2. The NVR interface enables the user to know the value of the initial CR trimming setting.
3. The NVR interface enables the user to select the hardware watchdog timer or software
watchdog timer by modifying the 16-bit watchdog timer selection ID. The watchdog timer
selection ID cannot be modified while the CPU is running.
Figure 28.1-1 shows the retrieval of NVR during a reset.
Figure 28.1-1 Retrieval of NVR during Reset
0x0FE4
0bXXX01010
NVR Interface
(I/O Area)
0x0FE5
0x0FE7
0x0FEB
0x0FEC
0bXXX00001
0bXXX10101
0b11111111
0b00000000
NVR
(Flash Area)
0xFFBB
0xFFBC
0xFFBD
0xFFBE
0bXXX10101
0bXXX01010
0bXXX00001
0b11111111
0xFFBF
0b00000000
Memory Map
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
28.2
Manual
Configuration
The NVR interface consists of the following blocks:
• Trimming of Main CR Clock (CRTH and CRTL)
• Watchdog Timer Selection ID (WDTH and WDTL)
• Main CR Temperature Dependent Adjustment (CRTDA)
■ Block Diagram of NVR Interface
Figure 28.2-1 Block Diagram of NVR Interface
CRTH
-
-
-
CRTH4
CRTH3
CRTH2
CRTH1
CRTH0
5
4 MHz
Main CR clock
5
CRTL
-
-
-
CRTL4
CRTL3
CRTL2
CRTL1
Main CR clock
oscillator
CRTL0
5
CRTDA
-
-
-
CRTDA4
CRTDA3
CRTDA2
CRTDA1
CRTDA0
WDTH
WDTH7
WDTH6
WDTH5
WDTH4
WDTH3
WDTH2
WDTH1
WDTH0
8
Equal to 0xA5 ?
Equal to 0x96 ?
Watchdog timer
8
Equal to 0x97 ?
WDTL
WDTL7
WDTL6
WDTL5
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
WDTL4
WDTL3
WDTL2
WDTL1
WDTL0
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.3 Registers
H ard war e
28.3
Ma nu al
Registers
This section lists the registers of the NVR interface.
Table 28.3-1 List of NVR Interface Registers
Register
abbreviation
564
Register name
Reference
CRTH
Main CR clock trimming register (upper)
28.3.1
CRTL
Main CR clock trimming register (lower)
28.3.2
CRTDA
Main CR clock temperature dependent adjustment register
28.3.3
WDTH
Watchdog timer selection ID register (upper)
28.3.4
WDTL
Watchdog timer selection ID register (lower)
28.3.4
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.3 Registers
Ha rdware
28.3.1
Manual
Main CR Clock Trimming Register (Upper) (CRTH)
This section describes the main CR clock trimming register (upper) (CRTH).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
CRTH4
CRTH3
CRTH2
CRTH1
CRTH0
Attribute
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
■ Register Functions
[bit7:5] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit4:0] CRTH[4:0]: Main CR clock coarse trimming bits
The settings of these bits are loaded from the Flash address 0xFFBC (bit4:0) after a reset. Their initial values
are determined by the pre-loaded values in the NVR Flash area.
Coarse trimming modifies the main CR clock frequency with a bigger step. Increasing the coarse trimming
value decreases the main CR clock frequency.
bit4:0
Writing "00000"
:
Writing "11111"
Details
Highest main CR clock frequency
:
Lowest main CR clock frequency
See "28.4 Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming" and "28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface" for details of
main CR clock trimming and notes on changing the main CR clock values respectively.
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.3 Registers
H ard war e
28.3.2
Ma nu al
Main CR Clock Trimming Register (Lower) (CRTL)
This section describes the main CR clock trimming register (lower) (CRTL).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
CRTL4
CRTL3
CRTL2
CRTL1
CRTL0
Attribute
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
■ Register Functions
[bit7:5] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit4:0] CRTL[4:0]: Main CR clock fine trimming bits
The settings of these bits are loaded from the Flash address 0xFFBD (bit4:0) after a reset. Their initial values
are determined by the pre-loaded values in the NVR Flash area.
Fine trimming modifies the main CR clock frequency with a smaller step. Increasing the fine trimming value
decreases the main CR clock frequency.
bit4:0
Writing "00000"
:
Writing "11111"
Details
Highest main CR clock frequency
:
Lowest main CR clock frequency
See "28.4 Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming" and "28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface" for details of
main CR clock trimming and notes on changing the main CR clock values respectively.
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.3 Registers
Ha rdware
28.3.3
Manual
Main CR Clock Temperature Dependent
Adjustment Register (CRTDA)
This section describes the main CR clock temperature dependent adjustment
register (CRTDA).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
CRTDA4
CRTDA3
CRTDA2
CRTDA1
CRTDA0
Attribute
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
■ Register Functions
[bit7:5] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit4:0] CRTDA[4:0]: Main CR clock temperature dependent adjustment bits
These bits are loaded from the Flash address 0xFFBB (bit4:0) after a reset. Their initial values are determined
by the pre-load values in the NVR Flash area.
Temperature dependent adjustment maintains the accuracy of the main CR output frequency within a
temperature range. It works in combination with the coarse trimming settings in the CRTH register and the
fine trimming settings in the CRTL register. In addition, increasing the value of the CRTDA register
decreases the main the main CR clock frequency
bit4:0
Writing "00000"
:
Writing "11111"
Details
Highest main CR clock frequency
:
Lowest main CR clock frequency
See "28.4 Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming" and "28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface" for details of
main CR clock trimming and notes on changing the main CR clock values respectively.
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.3 Registers
H ard war e
28.3.4
Ma nu al
Watchdog Timer Selection ID Register
(Upper/Lower) (WDTH/WDTL)
This section describes the watchdog timer selection ID register (upper/lower)
(WDTH/WDTL).
■ Register Configuration
WDTH
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
WDTH7
WDTH6
WDTH5
WDTH4
WDTH3
WDTH2
WDTH1
WDTH0
Attribute
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
WDTL
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
WDTL7
WDTL6
WDTL5
WDTL4
WDTL3
WDTL2
WDTL1
WDTL0
Attribute
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
■ Functions of WDTH Register
[bit7:0] WDTH[7:0]: Watchdog timer selection ID (upper) bits
These bits are loaded from the Flash address 0xFFBE (bit7:0) after a reset. The initial values are determined
by the pre-loaded values in the NVR Flash area.
These bits cannot be modified while the CPU is running.
See Table 28.3-2 for watchdog timer selection.
See "28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface" for notes on writing NVR values.
■ Functions of WDTL Register
[bit7:0] WDTL[7:0]: Watchdog timer selection ID (lower) bits
These bits are loaded from the Flash address 0xFFBF (bit7:0) after a reset. The initial values are determined
by the pre-loaded values in the NVR Flash area.
These bits cannot be modified while the CPU is running.
See Table 28.3-2 for watchdog timer selection.
See "28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface" for notes on writing NVR values.
Table 28.3-2 Watchdog Timer Selection ID
WDTH[7:0], WDTL[7:0]
568
Function
0xA596
The hardware watchdog timer is disabled; the software watchdog timer is enabled.
0xA597
The hardware watchdog timer is enabled; the software watchdog timer is disabled. The
hardware watchdog timer can be stopped in all standby modes (stop mode, sleep mode,
time-base timer mode and watch mode).
Other than the above
The hardware watchdog timer is enabled; the software watchdog timer is disabled. The
hardware watchdog timer keeps operating in all standby modes (stop mode, sleep mode,
time-base timer mode and watch mode).
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.4 Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming
Ha rdware
28.4
Manual
Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming
This section provides notes on main CR clock trimming.
After a hardware reset, the 10-bit main CR clock trimming value and the 5-bit temperature
dependent adjustment value will be loaded from the NVR Flash area to registers in the NVR
I/O area.
Table 28.4-1 shows the step size of main CR clock trimming.
Table 28.4-1 Step Size of Main CR Clock Trimming
Function
To achieve the minimum frequency
To achieve the maximum frequency
Step Size
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
Coarse trimming value
CRTH[4:0]
Fine trimming value
CRTL[4:0]
0b11111
0b11111
0b00000
0b00000
220 kHz to 300 kHz
14 kHz to 20 kHz
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.4 Notes on Main CR Clock Trimming
H ard war e
Ma nu al
The relationship between main CR clock frequency and trimming step size is shown in the
diagram below.
Figure 28.4-1 Relationship between Main CR Clock Frequency and Trimming Step Size
(with CRTDA[4:0] = 0b10000)
10000
9000
Main CR clock frequency (kHz)
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0x
1
F,
0
x0
0x
1C
,0
x1
0
F
0x
0
x1
1C
F,
,0
0x
x0
1F
0
0x
0x
19
19
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
16
16
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
13
13
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
10
10
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
0D
0D
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
0A
0A
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
07
07
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
04
04
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
01
01
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0x
0x
00
00
,0
,0
x0
x1
0
F
0
CRTH[4:0] settings, CRTL[4:0] settings
Trimming data (CRTH[4:0], CRTL[4:0])
570
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface
Ha rdware
28.5
Manual
Notes on Using NVR Interface
This section provides notes on using the NVR interface.
■ Note on Changing Main CR Frequency
Please note that the NVR interface does not program a modified value to the NVR Flash area.
To modify the CRTH, CRTL and CRTDA registers, program their new values to the NVR
Flash with the Flash writer.
■ Note on Flash Erase and Trimming Value
1. A Flash erase operation will erase all NVR data.
The Flash writer carries out the following procedure to keep original system settings.
(1) Make a backup of data in CRTH:CRTH[4:0], CRTL:CRTL[4:0] and CRTDA:CRTDA[4:0].
(2) Erase the Flash.
(3) Restore all data in CRTH:CRTH[4:0], CRTL:CRTL[4:0] and CRTDA:CRTDA[4:0] to
the NVR Flash area.
If there is new data in CRTH:CRTH[4:0], CRTL:CRTL[4:0] and CRTDA:CRTDA[4:0], the
Flash writer will program the new data to the NVR Flash area.
2. The trimming value has been preset before this device is shipped. If the preset trimming
value is modified after the device has been shipped, Spansion does not warrant proper
operation of the device with respect to use based on the modified trimming value.
3. If the Flash operation is performed by the user program code, restore the original trimming
data to the NVR Flash area by the user program code. Otherwise, the trimming value, which
has been preset before this device is shipped, is erased by the Flash erase operation.
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CHAPTER 28 NON-VOLATILE REGISTER (NVR) INTERFACE
28.5 Notes on Using NVR Interface
H ard war e
572
Ma nu al
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 29
COMPARATOR
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the comparator.
29.1 Overview
29.2 Configuration
29.3 Pins
29.4 Interrupt
29.5 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
29.6 Register
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.1 Overview
H ard war e
29.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The comparator monitors two analog input voltages and automatically
generates an interrupt upon detection of a change in the edge of comparator
output.
■ Function of Comparator
The function of the comparator is to monitor two analog input voltages and compare them.
Using the voltage of the non-inverting analog input (positive input) or an external voltage as a
reference voltage, the comparator outputs "H" if the voltage of the inverting analog input
voltage (negative input) is lower than the reference voltage; otherwise, it outputs "L". In
addition, upon detection of a rising edge or falling edge of the comparator output, the
comparator outputs a corresponding interrupt.
574
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.2 Configuration
Ha rdware
29.2
Manual
Configuration
The comparator module consists of the following blocks:
• Comparator
• Edge detection circuit
• Comparator control register ch. n (CMRn)
The number of pins and that of channels of the comparator vary among products. For details,
refer to the device data sheet.
In this chapter, "n" in a pin name and a register abbreviation represents the channel number.
For details of pin names, register names and register abbreviations of a product, refer to the
device data sheet.
■ Block Diagram of Comparator
Internal bus
Figure 29.2-1 Block Diagram of Comparator
omparator control register ch. n (CMRn)
-
-
OS
IF
IE
VCID
VCOE
PD
To the external pin
control circuit
(Enable CMPn_O output
via an external pin)
Interrupt request
To the external pin CMPn_N
control circuit
VBGRSELX*
External voltage from the external pin
External voltage from VGR
Reference
voltage
selection
Edge detection
circuit
CMPn_P
+
(From the external pin) CMPn_N
−
CMPn_O (To the external pin)
Comparator
*: See "30.2.2 System Configuration Register 2 (SYSC2)" for details of the VBGRSELX bit and of
selecting the internal reference voltage and external reference voltage.
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.2 Configuration
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Comparator
The comparator monitors the voltages of two external analog inputs and compares them. Using
the voltage of the non-inverting analog input (positive input) or an external voltage as a
reference voltage, the comparator outputs "H" if the voltage of the inverting analog input
(negative input) is higher than the reference voltage; otherwise, it outputs "L".
● Edge detection circuit
Except in stop mode, watch mode or time-base timer mode, upon detection of a rising edge or
falling edge of comparator output, the edge detection circuit automatically raises the interrupt
flag (CMRn:IF).
● Comparator control register ch. n (CMRn)
This register has the following functions:
• To power up or power down the comparator (CMRn:PD)
• To enable or disable comparator output (CMRn:VCOE)
• To enable or disable comparator analog input (CMRn:VCID)
Except in stop mode, watch mode or time-base timer mode, if the interrupt request enable bit
(IE) in the CMRn register has been set to "1", upon detection of a rising edge or falling edge of
comparator output, the comparator generates an interrupt request, and the output edge detection
interrupt flag bit (IF) in the CMRn register is automatically set to "1" at the same time.
The output status of a comparator can be read through the output status bit (OS) in the CMRn
register.
576
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.3 Pins
Ha rdware
29.3
Manual
Pins
This section describes the pins of the comparator.
■ Pins of Comparator
Table 29.3-1 shows details of the pins of the comparator.
Table 29.3-1 Pins of Comparator
Pin name
Pin function
CMPn_P
Comparator non-inverting analog input (positive input)
CMPn_N
Comparator inverting analog input (negative input)
CMPn_O
Comparator digital output
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.4 Interrupt
H ard war e
29.4
Ma nu al
Interrupt
The comparator generates an interrupt called output edge detection interrupt.
An interrupt request number and an interrupt vector are assigned to the
interrupt.
■ Output Edge Detection Interrupt
Table 29.4-1 shows details of the output edge detection interrupt.
Table 29.4-1 Details of Output Edge Detection Interrupt
Item
Details
Interrupt generating condition
An output rising edge or output falling edge occurs.
Interrupt flag
CMRn:IF
Interrupt enable bit
CMRn:IE
Note:
In stop mode, watch mode or time-base timer mode, the edge detection circuit stops
operating, and the IF bit in the comparator control register ch. n (CMRn) is not to be
updated even if the comparator has been turned on.
578
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.5 Operations and Setting Procedure Example
Ha rdware
29.5
Manual
Operations and Setting Procedure Example
The comparator can be activated by the software according to the setting of the
PD bit in the CMRn register.
■ Software Activation of Comparator
To activate the comparator with the software, do the settings shown in Figure 29.5-1.
Figure 29.5-1 Settings for Activating Comparator
CMRn
bit7
bit6
bit5
bit4
bit3
bit2
bit1
bit0
—
—
OS
IF
IE
VCID
VCOE
PD
×
×
❍
❍
0
1
0
0
❍ : Bit to be used
× : Unused bit
0 : Set to "0"
1 : Set to "1"
After the comparator is activated as shown above, it has to wait for the stabilization time to
elapse before starting to operate. For details of the stabilization time of the comparator, refer to
the device data sheet.
Note:
Before activating the comparator, set the IE bit in the CMRn register to "0" in advance in
order to avoid any unexpected interrupt generated due to the comparator being unstable
at its startup.
■ Setting Procedure Example
Below is an example of procedure for setting the comparator:
● Initial settings
1. Disable the comparator interrupt request. (CMRn:IE = 0)
2. Activate the comparator according to the settings shown in Figure 29.5-1.
3. Wait until the comparator stabilizes.
4. Clear the interrupt flag bit. (CMRn:IF = 0)
5. Enable the comparator interrupt request, and enable the comparator output if necessary.
(CMRn:IE = 1, CMRn:VCOE = 1)
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.6 Register
H ard war e
29.6
Ma nu al
Register
This section describes the register of the comparator.
Table 29.6-1 List of Comparator Register
Register
abbreviation
CMRn
580
Register name
Comparator control register ch. n
Reference
29.6.1
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.6 Register
Ha rdware
29.6.1
Manual
Comparator Control Register ch. n (CMRn)
The comparator control register ch. n (CMRn) has the following functions:
• To power up or power down the comparator (CMRn:PD)
• To enable or disable comparator output (CMRn:VCOE)
• To enable and disable comparator analog input (CMRn:VCID)
Except in stop mode, watch mode or time-base timer mode, if CMRn:IE has
been set to "1", upon detection of a rising edge or falling edge of comparator
output, the comparator generates an interrupt request and the interrupt flag bit
(CMRn:IF) is automatically set to "1" at the same time.
The output status of the comparator can be read through the OS bit in the
comparator control register ch. n (CMRn).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
OS
IF
IE
VCID
VCOE
PD
Attribute
—
—
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit5] OS: Output status bit
This bit indicates the output status of the comparator.
bit5
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that the comparator outputs "L".
Reading "1"
Indicates that the comparator outputs "H".
Note: This bit is not updated in stop mode, watch mode or time-base timer mode. When the PD bit is set to
"1" (to power down the comparator), the OS bit becomes "0".
[bit4] IF: Output edge detection interrupt flag bit
This bit detects the output rising edge and the output falling edge of the comparator.
With the comparator in operation, this bit is set to "1" if an output rising edge or an output falling edge
occurs.
When read by the read-modify-write (RMW) type of instruction, this bit always returns "1".
bit4
Details
Reading "0"
Indicates that no output rising edge/falling edge has occurred.
Reading "1"
Indicates that an output rising edge/falling edge has occurred.
Writing "0"
Clears this bit.
Writing "1"
Has no effect on operation.
Note: This bit is not updated in stop mode, watch mode or time-base timer mode.
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CHAPTER 29 COMPARATOR
29.6 Register
H ard war e
Ma nu al
[bit3] IE: Interrupt request enable bit
This bit enables or disables the interrupt request of the comparator.
Writing "0" to this bit disables the interrupt request of the comparator.
Writing "1" to this bit enables the interrupt request of the comparator. With the interrupt request enabled, the
comparator generates an interrupt request when detecting an output rising edge or an output falling edge.
bit3
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the interrupt request of the comparator.
Writing "1"
Enables the interrupt request of the comparator.
[bit2] VCID: Comparator analog input disable bit
This bit enables or disables comparator analog input.
bit2
Details
Writing "0"
Enables comparator analog input.
Writing "1"
Disables comparator analog input.
[bit1] VCOE: Comparator output enable bit
This bit enables or disables comparator output.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables comparator output. The output pin of the comparator is used as general-purpose I/O port.
Writing "1"
Enables comparator output.
[bit0] PD: Comparator power down control bit
This bit powers up or down the comparator.
bit0
582
Details
Writing "0"
Powers up the comparator.
Writing "1"
Powers down the comparator.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
CHAPTER 30
SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
CONTROLLER
This chapter describes the functions and
operations of the system configuration
controller (called the "controller" in this
chapter).
30.1 Overview
30.2 Registers
30.3 Notes on Using Controller
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CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER
30.1 Overview
H ard war e
30.1
Ma nu al
Overview
The controller consists of the system configuration register (SYSC) and the
system configuration register 2 (SYSC2). The SYSC register configures the
clock and reset system. The SYSC2 register selects the external clock to be
multiplied by the PLL, and the reference voltage of the comparator.
■ Functions of SYSC
•
Selecting the general purpose I/O port/reset function for the PF2/RST pin
•
Enabling/disabling reset output for the RST pin
•
Selecting the general purpose I/O port/oscillation function for the PF0/X0 pin and that for
the PF1/X1 pin
•
Selecting the general purpose I/O port/oscillation function for the PG1/X0A pin and that for
the PG2/X1A pin
•
Selecting the external clock input function for the PF0/X0 pin and that for the PF1/X1 pin
•
Selecting the external clock input function for the PG1/X0A pin and that for the PG2/X1A
pin
■ Functions of SYSC2
584
•
Selecting the external clock to be multiplied by the PLL
•
Selecting the reference voltage of the comparator
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER
30.2 Registers
Ha rdware
30.2
Manual
Registers
This section describes the registers of the controller.
Table 30.2-1 List of Controller Registers
Register
abbreviation
Register name
Reference
SYSC
System configuration register
30.2.1
SYSC2
System configuration register 2
30.2.2
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CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER
30.2 Registers
H ard war e
30.2.1
Ma nu al
System Configuration Register (SYSC)
This section describes the system configuration register (SYSC).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Reserved
Reserved
PGSEL1
PGSEL0
PFSEL1
PFSEL0
RSTOE
RSTEN
Attribute
W
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
■ Register Functions
[bit7:6] Reserved bits
Always set these bits to "0".
[bit5:4] PGSEL[1:0]: PG1 and PG2 function select bits
These bits select the function of the PG1 and PG2 pins.
Writing "00" to these bits makes the PG1 and PG2 pins function as subclock oscillation pins. Write "00" to
these bits when using a crystal oscillator or a ceramic oscillator. The subclock oscillation is enabled or
disabled by the subclock oscillation enable bit (SYCC2:SOSCE).
Writing "10" to these bits makes the PG1 pin function as a subclock external input pin and the PG2 pin as a
general-purpose I/O port. Write "10" to these bits when using an external subclock. The subclock is enabled
or disabled by the subclock oscillation enable bit (SYCC2:SOSCE).
Writing "01 or "11" to these bits makes the PG1 and PG2 pins function as general-purpose I/O ports.
bit5:4
Details
Writing "00"
Makes the PG1 and PG2 pins function as subclock oscillation pins.
Writing "01"
Makes the PG1 and PG2 pins function as general-purpose I/O ports.
Writing "10"
Makes the PG1 pin function as a subclock external input pin and the PG2 pin as a general-purpose
I/O port.
Writing "11"
Makes the PG1 and PG2 pins function as general-purpose I/O ports.
[bit3:2] PFSEL[1:0]: PF0 and PF1 function select bits
These bits select the function of the PF0 and PF1 pins.
Writing "00" to these bits makes the PF0 and PF1 pins function as main clock oscillation pins. Write "00" to
these bits when using a crystal oscillator or a ceramic oscillator. The main clock oscillation is enabled or
disabled by the main clock oscillation enable bit (SYCC2:MOSCE).
Writing "10" to these bits makes the PF0 pin function as a main clock external input pin and the PF1 pin as a
general-purpose I/O port. Write "10" to these bits when using an external main clock. The main clock is
enabled or disabled by the main clock oscillation enable bit (SYCC2:MOSCE).
Writing "01 or "11" to these bits makes the PF0 and PF1 pins function as general-purpose I/O ports.
bit3:2
586
Details
Writing "00"
Makes the PF0 and PF1 pins function as main clock oscillation pins.
Writing "01"
Makes the PF0 and PF1 pins function as general-purpose I/O ports.
Writing "10"
Makes the PF0 pin function as a main clock external input pin and the PF1 pin as a generalpurpose I/O port.
Writing "11"
Makes the PF0 and PF1 pins function as general-purpose I/O ports.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER
30.2 Registers
Ha rdware
Manual
[bit1] RSTOE: Reset output enable/disable bit
This bit enables or disables the reset output function of the PF2/RST pin with the reset input function
enabled. When the reset input function is disabled (SYSC:RSTEN = 0), the reset output function is disabled
regardless of the setting of this bit.
See the PF2 function select bit (SYSC:RSTEN) for details of selecting the reset input function.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Disables the reset output function of the PF2/RST pin.
Writing "1"
Enables the reset output function of the PF2/RST pin.
[bit0] RSTEN: PF2 function select bit
This bit enables or disables the reset input function of the PF2/RST pin. The reset input function is always
enabled on MB95F714L/F716L/F718L/F774L/F776L/F778L regardless of the setting of this bit.
Writing "0" to this bit disables the reset input function of the PF2/RST pin and enables the general-purpose
I/O port function.
Writing "1" to this bit enables the reset input function of the PF2/RST pin and disables the general-purpose
I/O port function.
Set bit2 in the PDRF register to "1" before modifying this bit.
bit0
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the general-purpose I/O port function of the PF2/RST pin.
Writing "1"
Selects the reset output function of the PF2/RST pin.
Note:
To keep the reset input/output function after the reset, SYSC:RSTEN and SYSC:RSTOE
are initialized to "1" after the power is switched on. They are not initialized by any other
type of reset.
When the reset input/output functions have to be used in a system, it is strongly
recommended that SYSC:RSTEN be initialized to "1" in the initialize program routine after
a reset for stable operation. With the reset input/output functions having been enabled, all
types of reset, including the watchdog reset, can be used.
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CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER
30.2 Registers
H ard war e
30.2.2
Ma nu al
System Configuration Register 2 (SYSC2)
This section describes the system configuration register 2 (SYSC2).
■ Register Configuration
bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
—
—
—
—
—
Reserved
PLLSEL
VBGRSELX
Attribute
—
—
—
—
—
W
R/W
R/W
Initial value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
■ Register Functions
[bit7:3] Undefined bits
Their read values are always "0". Writing values to these bits has no effect on operation.
[bit2] Reserved bit
Always set this bit to "0".
[bit1] PLLSEL: PLL target select bit
Set this bit according to the external clock frequency when using the PLL to multiply the main clock by two
(PLLC:MPMC[1:0] = 00).
The setting of this bit is effective only when the PLL multiplication rate is two. When the PLL multiplication
rate is 2.5, 3 or 4, the setting of this bit has no effect on operation.
When using the main CR PLL clock, always write "0" to this bit.
When the setting of this bit does not match the frequency of the external clock, the accuracy of the operating
frequency cannot be guaranteed.
bit1
Details
Writing "0"
Selects an external clock whose frequency is 5 MHz or below to be multiplied by two.
Writing "1"
Selects an external clock whose frequency is higher than 5 MHz to be multiplied by two.
[bit0] VBGRSELX: Comparator reference voltage select bit
This bit selects the reference voltage of the comparator.
bit0
588
Details
Writing "0"
Selects the internal voltage (bandgap reference voltage) as the reference voltage of the
comparator.
For details of the bandgap reference voltage, refer to the data sheet of the MB95710L/770L
Series.
Writing "1"
Selects the external voltage from the CMP0_P pin as the reference voltage of the comparator.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER
30.3 Notes on Using Controller
Ha rdware
30.3
Manual
Notes on Using Controller
This section provides notes on using the controller.
■ Method for Setting PFSEL[1:0] and PGSEL[1:0]
When connecting the X0 and X1 pins to a crystal oscillator or a ceramic oscillator, write "00"
to the PFSEL[1:0] bits. In the case of writing a value other than "00" to the PFSEL[1:0] bits, no
clock oscillates, and the device does not transit to main clock mode. When connecting the X0A
and X1A pins to a crystal oscillator or a ceramic oscillator, write "00" to the PGSEL[1:0] bits.
In the case of writing a value other than "00" to the PGSEL[1:0] bits, no clock oscillates, and
the device does not transit to subclock mode.
When connecting the X0 pin to an external clock, write "10" to the PFSEL[1:0] bits. In the case
of writing a value other than "10" to the PFSEL[1:0] bits, no external clock is supplied to the
device, and the device does not transit to main clock mode. When connecting the X0A pin to
an external clock, write "10" to the PGSEL[1:0] bits. In the case of writing a value other than
"10" to the PGSEL[1:0] bits, no external clock is supplied to the device, and the device does
not transit to subclock mode.
In addition, before setting the PFSEL[1:0] bits and the PGSEL[1:0] bits, ensure that the main
clock and the subclock have stopped respectively.
Figure 30.3-1 External Clock Connection and Register Settings
Using a crystal oscillator or
a ceramic oscillator
X0/X0A
X1/X1A
Using an external clock
X0/X0A
FCH, FCL
FCH, FCL
PFSEL[1:0] = 00
PGSEL[1:0] = 00
PFSEL[1:0] = 10
PGSEL[1:0] = 10
■ Subclock Oscillation Stabilization Wait Time
The MB95710L/770L Series has a low current consumption subclock oscillation cell to reduce
the current consumption of subclock oscillation. Since only a small amount of current is used
to make the cell oscillate, the cell oscillation may not be stable at its beginning.
In the case of using a crystal oscillator or a ceramic oscillator as the subclock, set the subclock
oscillation stabilization wait time to 7.75 ms or above (WATR:SWT[3:0] = 0b1000 or above,
subclock (FCL) = 32.768 kHz).
In the case of using an external clock as the subclock, since the low current consumption
subclock oscillation cell is not used, the subclock oscillation stabilization wait time can be set
to any value.
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CHAPTER 30 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER
30.3 Notes on Using Controller
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Notes on Changing Value of VBGRSELX
It is recommended to access the SYSC2 register through the RAM or use a source clock whose
frequency is 4 MHz or less when changing the value of the VBGRSELX bit in the SYSC2
register. In addition, since the main CR clock becomes unstable immediately after the value of
the VBGRSELX bit has been changed, it is recommended not to perform communications with
any peripheral function such as the UART/SIO when using the main CR clock or the main CR
PLL clock as a source clock.
590
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
APPENDIX
This section provides an overview of
instructions.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
APPENDIX A
Instruction Overview
APPENDIX B
Major Changes
591
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
APPENDIX A
Ma nu al
Instruction Overview
This section explains the instructions used in F2MC-8FX.
■ Instruction Overview of F2MC-8FX
In the F2MC-8FX, there are 140 kinds of one byte instructions (256 bytes on the map), and the
instruction code is composed of the instruction and the operand following it.
Figure A-1 shows the correspondence of the instruction code and the instruction map.
Figure A-1 Instruction Code and Instruction Map
0 to 2 bytes are given
depending on instructions.
1 byte
Instruction code
Instruction
Higher 4 bits
Operand
Operand
[Instruction map]
Lower 4 bits
• The instruction is classified into following four types; forwarding system, operation system,
branch system and others.
• There are various methods of addressing, and ten kinds of addressing can be selected by the
selection and the operand specification of the instruction.
• This provides with the bit operation instruction, and can execute the read-modify-write
(RMW) type of instruction.
• There is an instruction that directs special operation.
Code: CM26-00118-1EA
592
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
■ Meanings of Signs in Instruction Codes
Table A-1 shows the meanings of signs used in explaining instruction codes in APPENDIX A.
Table A-1 Meanings of Signs in Instruction Codes
Sign
Meanings
dir
Direct address (8-bit length)
off
Offset (8-bit length)
ext
Extended address (16-bit length)
#vct
Vector table number (3-bit length)
#d8
Immediate data (8-bit length)
#d16
Immediate data (16-bit length)
dir:b
Bit direct address (8-bit length: 3-bit length)
rel
Branch relative address (8-bit length)
@
Register indirect (Example: @A, @IX, @EP)
A
Accumulator (Whether 8- bit length or 16- bit length is decided by the instruction used.)
AH
Upper 8-bit of accumulator (8-bit length)
AL
Lower 8-bit of accumulator (8-bit length)
T
Temporary accumulator (Whether 8- bit length or 16- bit length is decided by the instruction used.)
TH
Upper 8-bit of temporary accumulator (8-bit length)
TL
Lower 8-bit of temporary accumulator (8-bit length)
IX
Index register (16-bit length)
EP
Extra pointer (16-bit length)
PC
Program counter (16-bit length)
SP
Stack pointer (16-bit length)
PS
Program status (16-bit length)
dr
Either of accumulator or index register (16-bit length)
CCR
Condition code register (8-bit length)
RP
Register bank pointer (5-bit length)
DP
Direct bank pointer (3-bit length)
Ri
General-purpose register (8-bit length, i = 0 to 7)
x
This shows that x is immediate data.
(Whether 8- bit length or 16- bit length is decided by the instruction used.)
(x)
This shows that contents of x are objects of the access.
(Whether 8- bit length or 16- bit length is decided by the instruction used.)
((x))
This shows that the address that contents of x show is an object of the access.
(Whether 8- bit length or 16- bit length is decided by the instruction used.)
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
593
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
■ Meanings of Items in Instruction Table
Table A-2 Meanings of Items in Instruction Table
Item
594
Meaning
MNEMONIC
It shows the assembly description of the instruction.
~
It shows the number of cycles of the instruction. One instruction cycle is a
machine cycle.
Note:
The number of cycles of the instruction can be delayed by 1 cycle by the
immediately preceding instruction. Moreover, the number of cycles of the
instruction might be extended in the access to the I/O area.
#
It shows the number of bytes for the instruction.
Operation
It shows the operations for the instruction.
TL, TH, AH
They show the change (auto forwarding from A to T) in the content when
each TL, TH, and AH instruction is executed. The sign in the column
indicates the followings respectively.
• -: No change
• dH: upper 8 bits of the data described in operation.
• AL and AH: the contents become those of the immediately preceding
instruction's AL and AH.
• 00: Become 00
N, Z, V, C
They show the instruction into which the corresponding flag is changed
respectively. The sign in the column shows the followings respectively.
• -: No change
• +: Change
• R: Become "0"
• S: Become "1"
OP CODE
It shows the code of the instruction. When a pertinent instruction occupies
two or more codes, it follows the following description rules.
[Example] 48 to 4F: This shows 48, 49....4F.
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Ha rdware
A.1
Manual
Addressing
F2MC-8FX has the following ten types of addressing:
• Direct addressing
• Extended addressing
• Bit direct addressing
• Index addressing
• Pointer addressing
• General-purpose register addressing
• Immediate addressing
• Vector addressing
• Relative addressing
• Inherent addressing
■ Explanation of Addressing
● Direct addressing
This is used when accessing the direct area of "0x0000" to "0x047F" with addressing indicated
"dir" in instruction table. In this addressing, when the operand address is "0x00" to "0x7F", it is
accessed into "0x0000" to "0x007F. Moreover, when the operand address is "0x80" to "0xFF",
the access can be mapped in "0x0080" to "0x047F" by setting of direct bank pointer DP.
Figure A.1-1 shows an example.
Figure A.1-1 Example of Direct Addressing
MOV 92H, A
DP 0b001
0x112
A
0x45
0x45
● Extended addressing
This is used when the area of the entire 64 Kbyte is accessed by addressing shown "ext" in the
instruction table. In this addressing, the first operand specifies one high rank byte of the address
and the second operand specifies one subordinate position byte of the address.
Figure A.1-2 shows an example.
Figure A.1-2 Example of Extended Addressing
MOVW A, 1 2 3 4H
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
0x1234
0x56
0x1235
0x78
A
0x5678
595
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Bit direct addressing
This is used when accessing the direct area of "0x0000" to "0x047F" in bit unit with addressing
indicated "dir:b" in instruction table. In this addressing, when the operand address is "0x00" to
"0x7F", it is accessed into "0x0000" to "0x007F". Moreover, when the operand address is
"0x80" to "0xFF", the access can be mapped in "0x0080" to "0x047F" by setting of direct bank
pointer DP. The position of the bit in the specified address is specified by the values of the
instruction code of three subordinate position bits.
Figure A.1-3 shows an example.
Figure A.1-3 Example of Bit Direct Addressing
SETB 34H : 2
DP 0bXXX
0x0034
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0bXXXXX1XX
● Index addressing
This is used when the area of the entire 64 Kbyte is accessed by addressing shown "@IX+off"
in the instruction table. In this addressing, the content of the first operand is sign extended and
added to IX (index register) to the resulting address. Figure A.1-4 shows an example.
Figure A.1-4 Example of Index Addressing
MOVW A, @IX+ 5AH
IX
0x27A5
0x27FF
0x12
0x2800
0x34
A
0x1234
● Pointer addressing
This is used when the area of the entire 64 Kbyte is accessed by addressing shown "@EP" in
the instruction table. In this addressing, the content of EP (extra pointer) is assumed to be an
address. Figure A.1-5 shows an example.
Figure A.1-5 Example of Pointer Addressing
MOVW A, @EP
EP
0x27A5
0x27A5
0x12
0x27A6
0x34
A
0x1234
● General-purpose register addressing
This is used when accessing the register bank in general-purpose register area with the
addressing shown "Ri" in instruction table. In this addressing, fix one high rank byte of the
address to "01" and create one subordinate position byte from the contents of RP (register bank
pointer) and three subordinate bits of the operation code to access to this address. Figure A.1-6
shows an example.
596
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure A.1-6 Example of General-purpose Register Addressing
MOV A, R 6
RP
0b01010
0x0156 0xAB
A
0xAB
● Immediate addressing
This is used when immediate data is needed in addressing shown "#d8" in the instruction table.
In this addressing, the operand becomes immediate data as it is. The specification of byte/word
depends on the operation code. Figure A.1-7 shows an example.
Figure A.1-7 Example of Immediate Addressing
MOV A, #56H
A
0x56
● Vector addressing
This is used when branching to the subroutine address registered in the table with the
addressing shown "#vct" in the instruction table. In this addressing, information on "#vct" is
contained in the operation code, and the address of the table is created using the combinations
shown in Table A.1-1.
Table A.1-1 Vector Table Address Corresponding to "#vct"
#vct
Vector table address
(jump destination high-ranking address: subordinate address)
0
0xFFC0 : 0xFFC1
1
0xFFC2 : 0xFFC3
2
0xFFC4 : 0xFFC5
3
0xFFC6 : 0xFFC7
4
0xFFC8 : 0xFFC9
5
0xFFCA : 0xFFCB
6
0xFFCC : 0xFFCD
7
0xFFCE : 0xFFCF
Figure A.1-8 shows an example.
Figure A.1-8 Example of Vector Addressing
CALLV #5
(Conversion)
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
0xFFCA
0xFE
0xFFCB
0xDC
PC
0xFEDC
597
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
● Relative addressing
This is used when branching to the area in 128 bytes before and behind PC (program counter)
with the addressing shown "rel" in the instruction table. In this addressing, add the content of
the operand to PC with the sign and store the result in PC. Figure A.1-9 shows an example.
Figure A.1-9 Example of Relative Addressing
BNE FEH
Old PC
0x9ABC
0x9ABC + 0xFFFE
New PC 0x9ABA
In this example, by jumping to the address where the operation code of BNE is stored, it results
in an infinite loop.
● Inherent addressing
This is used when doing the operation decided by the operation code with the addressing that
does not have the operand in the instruction table. In this addressing, the operation depends on
each instruction. Figure A.1-10 shows an example.
Figure A.1-10 Example of Inherent Addressing
NOP
Old PC
598
0x9ABC
New PC
0x9ABD
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Ha rdware
A.2
Manual
Special Instruction
This section explains special instructions other than the addressings.
■ Special Instruction
● JMP @A
This instruction is to branch the content of A (accumulator) to PC (program counter) as an
address. N pieces of the jump destination is arranged on the table, and one of the contents is
selected and transferred to A. N branch processing can be done by executing this instruction.
Figure A.2-1 shows a summary of the instruction.
Figure A.2-1 JMP @A
(Before executing)
(After executing)
A
0x1234
A
0x1234
Old PC
0xXXXX
New PC
0x1234
● MOVW A, PC
This instruction works as the opposite of "JMP @A". That is, it stores the content of PC to A.
When you have executed this instruction in the main routine and set it to call a specific
subroutine, you can make sure that the content of A is the specified value in the subroutine.
Also, you can identify that the branch is not from the part that cannot be expected, and use it
for the reckless driving judgment.
Figure A.2-2 shows a summary of the instruction.
Figure A.2-2 MOVW A, PC
(Before executing)
(After executing)
A
0xXXXX
A
0x1234
Old PC
0x1233
New PC
0x1234
When this instruction is executed, the content of A reaches the same value as the address where
the following instruction is stored, rather than the address where operation code of this
instruction is stored. Therefore, in Figure A.2-2, the value "0x1234" stored in A corresponds to
the address where the following operation code of "MOVW A, PC" is stored.
● MULU A
This instruction performs an unsigned multiplication of AL (lower 8-bit of the accumulator)
and TL (lower 8-bit of the temporary accumulator), and stores the 16-bit result in A. The
contents of T (temporary accumulator) do not change. The contents of AH (higher 8-bit of the
accumulator) and TH (higher 8-bit of the temporary accumulator) before execution of the
instruction are not used for the operation. Note that since the instruction does not change the
flags, a branch may occur depending on the multiplication result.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
599
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Figure A.2-3 shows a summary of the instruction.
Figure A.2-3 MULU A
(Before executing)
(After executing)
A
0x5678
A
0x1860
T
0x1234
T
0x1234
● DIVU A
This instruction divides the 16-bit value in T by the unsigned 16-bit value in A, and stores the
16-bit result and the 16-bit remainder in A and T, respectively. When the value in A before
execution of instruction is "0", the Z flag becomes "1" to indicate zero-division is executed.
Note that since the instruction does not change other flags, a branch may occur depending on
the division result.
Figure A.2-4 shows a summary of the instruction.
Figure A.2-4 DIVU A
(Before executing)
(After executing)
A
0x1234
A
0x0004
T
0x5678
T
0x0DA8
● XCHW A, PC
This instruction swaps the contents of A and PC, resulting in a branch to the address contained
in A before execution of the instruction. After the instruction is executed, A becomes the
address that follows the address where the operation code of "XCHW A, PC" is stored. This
instruction is effective especially when it is used in the main routine to specify a table for use
in a subroutine.
Figure A.2-5 shows a summary of the instruction.
Figure A.2-5 XCHW A, PC
(Before executing)
(After executing)
A
0x5678
A
0x1235
PC
0x1234
PC
0x5678
When this instruction is executed, the content of A reaches the same value as the address where
the following instruction is stored, rather than the address where operation code of this
instruction is stored. Therefore, in Figure A.2-5, the value "0x1235" stored in A corresponds to
the address where the following operation code of "XCHW A, PC" is stored. This is why
"0x1235" is stored instead of "0x1234".
600
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
Figure A.2-6 shows an assembler language example.
Figure A.2-6 Example of Using "XCHW A, PC"
(Subroutine)
(Main routine)
MOVW
XCHW
DB
MOVW
A, #PUTSUB
A, PC
PUTSUB
'PUT OUT DATA', EOL
A, 1234H
PTS1
XCHW A, EP
PUSHW A
MOV A, @EP
INCW EP
MOV IO, A
CMP A, #EOL
BNE PTS1
POPW A
XCHW A, EP
JMP @A
Output table
data here
● CALLV #vct
This instruction is used to branch to a subroutine address stored in the vector table. The
instruction saves the return address (contents of PC) in the location at the address contained in
SP (stack pointer), and uses vector addressing to cause a branch to the address stored in the
vector table. Because CALLV #vct is a 1-byte instruction, the use of this instruction for
frequently used subroutines can reduce the entire program size.
Figure A.2-7 shows a summary of the instruction.
Figure A.2-7 Example of Executing CALLV #3
(Before executing)
PC
0x5678
SP
0x1234
(−2)
(After executing)
PC
0xFEDC
SP
0x1232
0x1232
0xXX
0x1232
0x56
0x1233
0xXX
0x1233
0x79
0xFFC6
0xFE
0xFFC6
0xFE
0xFFC7
0xDC
0xFFC7
0xDC
After the CALLV #vct instruction is executed, the contents of PC saved on the stack area
the address of the operation code of the next instruction, rather than the address of
operation code of CALLV #vct. Accordingly, Figure A.2-7 shows that the value saved in
stack (0x1232 and 0x1233) is 0x5679, which is the address of the operation code of
instruction that follows "CALLV vct" (return address).
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
are
the
the
the
601
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Table A.2-1 Vector Table
602
Vector table address
Vector use
(call instruction)
Upper
Lower
CALLV #7
CALLV #6
CALLV #5
CALLV #4
CALLV #3
CALLV #2
CALLV #1
CALLV #0
0xFFCE
0xFFCC
0xFFCA
0xFFC8
0xFFC6
0xFFC4
0xFFC2
0xFFC0
0xFFCF
0xFFCD
0xFFCB
0xFFC9
0xFFC7
0xFFC5
0xFFC3
0xFFC1
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Ha rdware
A.3
Manual
Bit Manipulation Instructions (SETB, CLRB)
Some peripheral function registers include bits that are read differently than
usual by a bit manipulation instruction.
■ Read-modify-write Operation
By using these bit manipulation instructions, you can set only the specified bit in a register or
RAM location to "1" (SETB) or clear to "0" (CLRB). However, as the CPU operates data in 8bit units, the actual operation (read-modify-write operation) involves a sequence of steps: 8-bit
data is read, the specified bit is changed, and the data is written back to the location at the
original address.
Table A.3-1 shows bus operation for bit manipulation instructions.
Table A.3-1 Bus Operation for Bit Manipulation Instructions
CODE
MNEMONIC
~
Cycle
Address bus
Data bus
RD
WR
RMW
A0 to A7
CLRB dir:b
4
A8 to AF
SETB dir:b
1
2
3
4
N+2
dir address
dir address
N+3
Next instruction
Data
Data
Instruction after next
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
■ Read Destination on the Execution of Bit Manipulation Instructions
For some I/O ports and the interrupt request flag bits, the read destination differs between a
normal read operation and a read-modify-write operation.
● I/O ports (during a bit manipulation)
From some I/O ports, an I/O pin value is read during a normal read operation, while a port data
register value is read during a bit manipulation. This prevents the other port data register bits
from being changed accidentally, regardless of the I/O directions and states of the pins.
● Interrupt request flag bits (during a bit manipulation)
An interrupt request flag bit functions as a flag bit indicating whether an interrupt request
exists during a normal read operation, however, "1" is always read from this bit during a bit
manipulation. This prevents the flag from being cleared accidentally by writing the value "0" to
the interrupt request flag bit when manipulating another bit.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
603
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
A.4
Ma nu al
F2MC-8FX Instructions
Table A.4-1 to Table A.4-4 show the instructions used by F2MC-8FX.
■ Transfer Instructions
Table A.4-1 Transfer Instructions
No.
604
~
#
1
2
3
4
5
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MNEMONIC
dir, A
@IX + off, A
ext, A
@EP, A
Ri, A
3
3
4
2
2
2
2
3
1
1
(dir)  (A)
( (IX) + off)  (A)
(ext)  (A)
( (EP) )  (A)
(Ri)  (A)
Operation
6
7
8
9
10
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
A, #d8
A, dir
A, @IX + off
A, ext
A, @A
2
3
3
4
2
2
2
2
3
1
(A) 
(A) 
(A) 
(A) 
(A) 
N
Z
V
C
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
45
46
61
47
48 to 4F
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
-
04
05
06
60
92
11
12
13
14
15
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
A, @EP
A, Ri
dir, #d8
@IX + off, #d8
@EP, #d8
2
2
4
4
3
1
1
3
3
2
(A)  ( (EP) )
(A)  (Ri)
(dir)  d8
( (IX) + off)  d8
( (EP) ) d8
AL
AL
-
-
-
+
+
-
+
+
-
-
-
07
08 to 0F
85
86
87
16
17
18
19
20
MOV
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
Ri, #d8
dir, A
@IX + off, A
ext, A
@EP, A
3
4
4
5
3
2
2
2
3
1
(Ri) d8
(dir)  (AH) , (dir + 1)  (AL)
( (IX) + off)  (AH) , ( (IX) + off + 1)  (AL)
(ext)  (AH) , (ext + 1)  (AL)
( (EP) )  (AH) , ( (EP) + 1)  (AL)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
88 to 8F
D5
D6
D4
D7
21
22
23
24
25
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
EP, A
A, #d16
A, dir
A, @IX + off
A, ext
1
3
4
4
5
1
3
2
2
3
(EP)  (A)
(A) d16
(AH)  (dir) , (AL)  (dir + 1)
(AH)  ( (IX) + off) , (AL)  ( (IX) + off + 1)
(AH)  (ext) , (AL)  (ext + 1)
AL
AL
AL
AL
AH
AH
AH
AH
dH
dH
dH
dH
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
-
E3
E4
C5
C6
C4
26
27
28
29
30
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
A, @A
A, @EP
A, EP
EP, #d16
IX, A
3
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
3
1
(AH)  ( (A) ) , (AL)  ( (A) + 1)
(AH)  ( (EP) ) , (AL)  ( (EP) + 1)
(A)  (EP)
(EP) d16
(IX)  (A)
AL AH dH
AL AH dH
- dH
-
+
+
-
+
+
-
-
-
93
C7
F3
E7
E2
31
32
33
34
35
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
MOV
MOVW
A, IX
SP, A
A, SP
@A, T
@A, T
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
(A)  (IX)
(SP)  (A)
(A)  (SP)
( (A) )  (T)
( (A) )  (TH) , ( (A) + 1)  (TL)
-
-
dH
dH
-
-
-
-
-
F2
E1
F1
82
83
36
37
38
39
40
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
MOVW
SWAP
IX, #d16
A, PS
PS, A
SP, #d16
3
1
1
3
1
3
1
1
3
1
(IX)  d16
(A)  (PS)
(PS)  (A)
(SP)  d16
(AH)  (AL)
-
-
dH
AL
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
E6
70
71
E5
10
41
42
43
44
45
SETB
CLRB
XCH
XCHW
XCHW
dir:b
dir:b
A, T
A, T
A, EP
4
4
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
(dir) : b 1
(dir) : b 0
(AL)  (TL)
(A)  (T)
(A)  (EP)
AL AL AH dH
- dH
-
-
-
-
A8 to AF
A0 to A7
42
43
F7
46 XCHW
47 XCHW
48 MOVW
A, IX
A, SP
A, PC
1
1
2
1 (A)  (IX)
1 (A)  (SP)
1 (A)  (PC)
-
-
-
-
F6
F5
F0
d8
(dir)
( (IX) + off)
(ext)
( (A) )
TL TH AH
-
-
dH
dH
dH
OPCODE
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Ha rdware
Manual
Note:
In automatic transfer to T during byte transfer to A, AL is transferred to TL.
If an instruction has plural operands, they are saved in the order indicated by
MNEMONIC.
■ Arithmetic Operation Instructions
Table A.4-2 Arithmetic Operation Instruction (1 / 2)
No.
~
#
Z
V
C
1
2
3
4
5
ADDC
ADDC
ADDC
ADDC
ADDC
MNEMONIC
A, Ri
A, #d8
A, dir
A, @IX + off
A, @EP
2
2
3
3
2
1
2
2
2
1
(A)  (A) + (Ri) + C
(A)  (A) + d8 + C
(A)  (A) + (dir) + C
(A)  (A) + ( (IX) + off) + C
(A)  (A) + ( (EP) ) + C
Operation
TL TH AH N
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
OPCODE
28 to 2F
24
25
26
27
6
7
8
9
10
ADDCW
ADDC
SUBC
SUBC
SUBC
A
A
A, Ri
A, #d8
A, dir
1
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
2
2
(A)  (A) + (T) + C
(AL)  (AL) + (TL) + C
(A)  (A) - (Ri) - C
(A)  (A) - d8 - C
(A)  (A) - (dir) - C
-
-
dH
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
23
22
38 to 3F
34
35
11
12
13
14
15
SUBC
SUBC
SUBCW
SUBC
INC
A, @IX + off
A, @EP
A
A
Ri
3
2
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
(A)  (A) - ( (IX) + off) - C
(A)  (A) - ( (EP) ) - C
(A)  (T) - (A) - C
(AL)  (TL) - (AL) - C
(Ri)  (Ri) + 1
-
-
dH
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
36
37
33
32
C8 to CF
16
17
18
19
20
INCW
INCW
INCW
DEC
DECW
EP
IX
A
Ri
EP
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
(EP)  (EP) + 1
(IX)  (IX) + 1
(A)  (A) + 1
(Ri)  (Ri) - 1
(EP)  (EP) - 1
-
-
dH
-
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
-
-
C3
C2
C0
D8 to DF
D3
21
22
23
24
25
DECW
DECW
MULU
DIVU
ANDW
IX
A
A
A
A
1
1
8
17
1
1
1
1
1
1
(IX)  (IX) - 1
(A)  (A) - 1
(A)  (AL)  (TL)
(A)  (T) / (A) , MOD (T)
(A)  (A) (T)
- dH
- dH
dL dH dH
- dH
+
+
+
+
+
R
-
D2
D0
01
11
63
26
27
28
29
30
ORW
XORW
CMP
CMPW
RORC
A
A
A
A
A
1
1
1
1
1
1 (A)  (A) (T)
1 (A)  (A) (T)
1
(TL) - (AL)
1
(T) - (A)
CA
1
31
32
33
34
35
ROLC
CMP
CMP
CMP
CMP
A
A, #d8
A, dir
A, @EP
A, @IX + off
1
2
3
2
3
1
2
2
1
2
36
37
38
39
40
CMP
DAA
DAS
XOR
XOR
A, Ri
A
A, #d8
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
41
42
43
44
45
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
AND
A, dir
A, @EP
A, @IX + off
A, Ri
A
3
2
3
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
-
-
dH
dH
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
R
R
+
+
-
+
+
+
73
53
12
13
03
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
02
14
15
17
16
(A) - (Ri)
decimal adjust for addition
decimal adjust for subtraction
(A)  (AL) (TL)
(A)  (AL) d8
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
R
R
+
+
+
-
18 to 1F
84
94
52
54
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
R
R
R
R
R
-
55
57
56
58 to 5F
62
CA
(A) - d8
(A) - (dir)
(A) - ( (EP) )
(A) - ( (IX) + off)
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
(dir)
( (EP) )
( (IX) + off)
(Ri)
(TL)
605
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Table A.4-2 Arithmetic Operation Instruction (2 / 2)
No.
~
#
Z
V
C
46
47
48
49
50
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
MNEMONIC
A, #d8
A, dir
A, @EP
A, @IX + off
A, Ri
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
1
(A) 
(A) 
(A) 
(A) 
(A) 
(AL)
(AL)
(AL)
(AL)
(AL)
d8
(dir)
( (EP) )
( (IX) + off)
(Ri)
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
R
R
R
R
R
-
64
65
67
66
68 to 6F
51
52
53
54
55
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
A
A, #d8
A, dir
A, @EP
A, @IX + off
1
2
3
2
3
1
2
2
1
2
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
(A)  (AL)
(TL)
d8
(dir)
( (EP) )
( (IX) + off)
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
R
R
R
R
R
-
72
74
75
77
76
56
57
58
59
60
OR
CMP
CMP
CMP
CMP
A, Ri
dir, #d8
@EP, #d8
@IX + off, #d8
Ri, #d8
2
4
3
4
3
1 (A)  (AL) (Ri)
3
(dir) - d8
2
( (EP) ) - d8
3
( (IX) + off) - d8
2
(Ri) - d8
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
R
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
78 to 7F
95
97
96
98 to 9F
SP
SP
1
1
1 (SP)  (SP) + 1
1 (SP)  (SP) - 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
C1
D1
61 INCW
62 DECW
Operation
TL TH AH N
OPCODE
■ Branch Instructions
Table A.4-3 Branch Instructions
No.
~
#
N
Z
V
C
1 BZ/BEQ
BZ/BEQ
2 BNZ/BNE
BNZ/BNE
3 BC/BLO
BC/BLO
4 BNC/BHS
BNC/BHS
5 BN
BN
6 BP
BP
7 BLT
BLT
8 BGE
BGE
9 BBC
10 BBS
MNEMONIC
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
rel(at branch)
rel(at no branch)
dir : b, rel
dir : b, rel
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
5
5
2
if Z = 1 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FD
2
if Z = 0 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FC
2
if C = 1 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
F9
2
if C = 0 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
F8
2
if N = 1 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FB
2
if N = 0 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FA
2
if V
N = 1 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FF
2
if V
N = 0 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FE
3
3
if (dir : b) = 0 then PC PC + rel
if (dir : b) = 1 then PC PC + rel
-
-
-
-
+
+
-
-
B0 to B7
B8 to BF
11
12
13
14
15
@A
ext
#vct
ext
A, PC
3
4
7
6
3
1
3
1
3
1
(PC)  (A)
(PC)  ext
vector call
subroutine call
(PC)  (A) , (A)  (PC) + 1
-
-
dH
-
-
-
-
E0
21
E8 to EF
31
F4
6
8
1
1
return from subroutine
return from interrupt
-
-
-
-
restore
-
20
30
JMP
JMP
CALLV
CALL
XCHW
16 RET
17 RETI
Operation
TL
TH AH
OPCODE
■ Other Instructions
Table A.4-4 Other Instructions
No.
606
MNEMONIC
1
2
3
4
5
PUSHW
POPW
PUSHW
POPW
NOP
6
7
8
9
CLRC
SETC
CLRI
SETI
A
A
IX
IX
~
#
N
Z
V
C
4
3
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
((SP)) (A), (SP)(SP) - 2
(A) ((SP)), (SP) (SP) + 2
((SP)) (IX), (SP)(SP) - 2
(IX) ((SP)), (SP) (SP) + 2
No operation
Operation
-
-
dH
-
-
-
-
-
40
50
41
51
00
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(C)
(C)
(I)
(I)
-
-
-
-
-
-
R
S
-
81
91
80
90
0
1
0
1
TL
TH AH
OPCODE
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
L
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
F
E
D
C
B
A
9
8
7
6
A
A
A
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
A, R7
A, R6
A, R5
A, R4
A, R3
A, R2
A, R1
A, R0
A, @EP
CMP
CMP
CMP
CMP
CMP
CMP
CMP
CMP
A, R7
A, R6
A, R5
A, R4
A, R3
A, R2
A, R1
A, R0
A, @EP
A, @IX+d
CMP
A, @IX+d
A, dir
MOV
CMP
CMP
A, dir
A
A
A
A, #d8
CMP
CMPW
CMP
MOV
MOV
A, #d8
MOV
RORC
ROLC
DIVU
MULU
A
A
A, R7
ADDC
A, R6
ADDC
A, R5
ADDC
A, R4
ADDC
A, R3
ADDC
A, R2
ADDC
A, R1
ADDC
A, R0
ADDC
A, R7
SUBC
A, R6
SUBC
A, R5
SUBC
A, R4
SUBC
A, R3
SUBC
A, R2
SUBC
A, R1
SUBC
A, R0
SUBC
A, @EP
A, @IX+d
SUBC
A, @IX+d
ADDC
A, @EP
SUBC
A, dir
SUBC
A, #d8
SUBC
SUBCW
A
addr16
SUBC
ADDC
A, dir
ADDC
A, #d8
ADDC
ADDCW
A
addr16
CALL
JMP
ADDC
RETI
3
RET
2
A
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
R7, A
R6, A
R5, A
R4, A
R3, A
R2, A
R1, A
R0, A
@EP, A
MOV
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
XOR
A, R7
A, R6
A, R5
A, R4
A, R3
A, R2
A, R1
A, R0
A, @EP
XOR
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
AND
A, R7
A, R6
A, R5
A, R4
A, R3
A, R2
A, R1
A, R0
A, @EP
AND
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
A, R7
A, R6
A, R5
A, R4
A, R3
A, R2
A, R1
A, R0
A, @EP
R7, #d8
MOV
R6, #d8
MOV
R5, #d8
MOV
R4, #d8
MOV
R3, #d8
MOV
R2, #d8
MOV
R1, #d8
MOV
R0, #d8
MOV
@EP, #d8
MOV
R7, #d8
CMP
R6, #d8
CMP
R5, #d8
CMP
R4, #d8
CMP
R3, #d8
CMP
R2, #d8
CMP
R1, #d8
CMP
R0, #d8
CMP
@EP, #d8
CMP
A, @IX+d @IX+d,#d8 @IX+d,#d8
OR
A, @IX+d
AND
CMP
dir, #d8
CMP
A, @IX+d
MOV
dir, #d8
MOV
A, @A
DAS
XOR
A, dir
A, #d8
@A, T
DAA
MOVW
A, @A
MOV
@IX+d, A
A, dir
OR
A
MOVW
@A, T
MOV
SETC
MOV
AND
OR
A
PS, A
ORW
OR
CLRC
OR
A, dir
A
A, #d8
AND
A
ext, A
ANDW
AND
MOVW
AND
XOR
A, #d8
XOR
A
IX
MOV
CLRB
SETI
CLRI
SETB
SETB
SETB
SETB
SETB
SETB
SETB
SETB
dir : 7
dir : 6
dir : 5
dir : 4
dir : 3
dir : 2
dir : 1
dir : 0
dir : 7
CLRB
dir : 6
CLRB
dir : 5
CLRB
dir : 4
CLRB
dir : 3
CLRB
dir : 2
CLRB
dir : 1
CLRB
dir : 0
A
9
8
XOR
dir, A
A, T
XORW
XOR
POPW
A, PS
MOVW
A, ext
MOV
POPW
A
7
6
5
MOV
MOV
IX
A
A, T
XCHW
XCH
PUSHW
PUSHW
4
dir : 7, rel
BBS
dir : 6, rel
BBS
dir : 5, rel
BBS
dir : 4, rel
BBS
dir : 3, rel
BBS
dir : 2, rel
BBS
dir : 1, rel
BBS
dir : 0, rel
BBS
dir : 7, rel
BBC
dir : 6, rel
BBC
dir : 5, rel
BBC
dir : 4, rel
BBC
dir : 3, rel
BBC
dir : 2, rel
BBC
dir : 1, rel
BBC
dir : 0, rel
BBC
B
EP
IX
SP
A
INC
INC
INC
INC
INC
INC
INC
INC
R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
A, @EP
MOVW
A, @IX+d
MOVW
A, dir
MOVW
A, ext
MOVW
INCW
INCW
INCW
INCW
C
EP
IX
SP
A
DEC
DEC
DEC
DEC
DEC
DEC
DEC
DEC
R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
@EP, A
MOVW
@IX+d, A
MOVW
dir, A
MOVW
ext, A
MOVW
DECW
DECW
DECW
DECW
D
@A
CALLV
CALLV
CALLV
CALLV
CALLV
CALLV
CALLV
CALLV
#7
#6
#5
#4
#3
#2
#1
#0
EP, #d16
MOVW
IX, #d16
MOVW
SP, #d16
MOVW
A, #d16
MOVW
EP, A
MOVW
IX, A
MOVW
SP, A
MOVW
JMP
E
BLT
BGE
BZ
BNZ
BN
BP
BC
BNC
rel
rel
rel
rel
rel
rel
rel
rel
A, EP
XCHW
A, IX
XCHW
A, SP
XCHW
A, PC
XCHW
A, EP
MOVW
A, IX
MOVW
A, SP
MOVW
A, PC
MOVW
F
Ha rdware
5
4
3
2
SWAP
1
NOP
0
A.5
1
0
H
APPENDIX
APPENDIX A Instruction Overview
Manual
Instruction Map
Table A.5-1 shows the instruction map of F2MC-8FX.
■ Instruction Map
Table A.5-1 Instruction Map of F2MC-8FX
607
APPENDIX
APPENDIX B Major Changes
H ard war e
APPENDIX B
Page
Ma nu al
Major Changes
Section
Change Results
Revision 1.0
-
-
Initial release
Revision 2.0
608
17
CHAPTER 3 CLOCK
CONTROLLER
3.1 Overview of Clock Controller
■ Block Diagram of Clock Controller
Figure 3.1-1
Corrected the connection between the PLL clock oscillator
circuit and the PLLC control register (PLLC).
61
CHAPTER 4 RESET
4.1 Reset Operation
■ Reset Sources
● Low-voltage detection reset
(optional)
Added the following statement.
However, the LVD control register (LVDC) of the lowvoltage detection circuit is not reset by the low-voltage
detection reset.
228
CHAPTER 15 8/12-BIT A/D
CONVERTER
15.8 Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D
Converter
■ Notes on Using 8/12-bit A/D
Converter
● 8/12-bit A/D converter analog
input sequences
Corrected the name of the analog input pin.
AN  ANn
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
APPENDIX
APPENDIX B Major Changes
Ha rdware
Page
366
Section
CHAPTER 23 I2C BUS
INTERFACE
23.3 Channel
■ Channel of I2C Bus Interface
Table 23.3-2
Manual
Change Results
Corrected the register name of the IBCR0n register.
I2C bus control register 0

I2C bus control register 0 ch. n
Corrected the register name of the IBCR1n register.
I2C bus control register 1

I2C bus control register 1 ch. n
Corrected the register name of the IBSRn register.
I2C bus status register

I2C bus status register ch. n
Corrected the register name of the IDDRn register.
I2C data register

I2C data register ch. n
Corrected the register name of the IAARn register.
I2C address register

I2C address register ch. n
Corrected the register name of the ICCRn register.
I2C clock control register

I2C clock control register ch. n
410
CHAPTER 24 LCD
CONTROLLER
(MB95710L SERIES)
24.4 Display RAM
■ Display RAM and Output Pins
Corrected the definition of "n" in "Note".
0x0FCD  0x0FBD
466
CHAPTER 25 LCD
CONTROLLER
(MB95770L SERIES)
25.4 Display RAM
■ Display RAM and Output Pins
Corrected the definition of "n" in "Note".
0x0FCD  0x0FBD
510
CHAPTER 26 EXAMPLE OF
SERIAL PROGRAMMING
CONNECTION
26.2 Example of Serial Programming Connection
■ Example of Serial Programming
Connection
Added statements related to the use of the pull-up resistor.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
609
APPENDIX
APPENDIX B Major Changes
H ard war e
Page
Section
Ma nu al
Change Results
Revision 3.0
610
312-325
CHAPTER 20 EVENT COUNTER
20.1 Overview
20.2 Configuration
20.3 Operations in Even Counter
Operation Mode
20.4 Setting Procedure Example
20.6.1 Event Counter Control Register (EVCR)
20.7 Notes on Using Event Counter
-
-
To add the content of the description of the MB95710M/
770M series to the MB95710L/770L series, Chapter 20
event counter is corrected as follows.
• The event counter use of the MB95710L/770L series is
corrected.
• The event counter use of the MB95710M/770M series is
added.
• The description content review and directions according
to the above-mentioned change are added.
Company name and layout design change
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014
Ha rdware
Manual
MN702-00014-3v0-E
Spansion • CONTROLLER MANUAL
8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER
New 8FX
MB95710L/770L Series
MB95710M/770M Series
HARDWARE MANUAL
April 2014 the third edition
Published
Spansion Inc.
Edited
Marketing Communication Dept.
April 25, 2014, MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E
611
H ard war e
Ma nu al
Colophon
The products described in this document are designed, developed and manufactured as contemplated for general use,
including without limitation, ordinary industrial use, general office use, personal use, and household use, but are not designed,
developed and manufactured as contemplated (1) for any use that includes fatal risks or dangers that, unless extremely high
safety is secured, could have a serious effect to the public, and could lead directly to death, personal injury, severe physical
damage or other loss (i.e., nuclear reaction control in nuclear facility, aircraft flight control, air traffic control, mass transport
control, medical life support system, missile launch control in weapon system), or (2) for any use where chance of failure is
intolerable (i.e., submersible repeater and artificial satellite). Please note that Spansion will not be liable to you and/or any third
party for any claims or damages arising in connection with above-mentioned uses of the products. Any semiconductor devices
have an inherent chance of failure. You must protect against injury, damage or loss from such failures by incorporating safety
design measures into your facility and equipment such as redundancy, fire protection, and prevention of over-current levels
and other abnormal operating conditions. If any products described in this document represent goods or technologies subject
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Regulations or the applicable laws of any other country, the prior authorization by the respective government entity will be
required for export of those products.
Trademarks and Notice
The contents of this document are subject to change without notice. This document may contain information on a Spansion
product under development by Spansion. Spansion reserves the right to change or discontinue work on any product without
notice. The information in this document is provided as is without warranty or guarantee of any kind as to its accuracy,
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Copyright  2012-2014 Spansion Inc. All rights reserved. Spansion, the Spansion logo, MirrorBit, MirrorBit EclipseTM,
ORNANDTM and combinations thereof, are trademarks and registered trademarks of Spansion LLC in the United States and
other countries. Other names used are for informational purposes only and may be trademarks of their respective owners.
612
MB95F718M_MN702-00014-3v0-E, April 25, 2014