ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Discontinued Product These parts are no longer in production The device should not be purchased for new design applications. Samples are no longer available. Date of status change: January 31, 2011 Recommended Substitutions: For existing customer transition, and for new customers or new applications, refer to the ATS667. NOTE: For detailed information on purchasing options, contact your local Allegro field applications engineer or sales representative. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, revisions to the anticipated product life cycle plan for a product to accommodate changes in production capabilities, alternative product availabilities, or market demand. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Features and Benefits Description ▪ True zero-speed operation ▪ Switchpoints independent of air gap ▪ High vibration immunity ▪ Precise duty cycle signal over operating temperature range ▪ Large operating air gaps ▪ Defined power-on state ▪ Wide operating voltage range ▪ Digital output representing target profile ▪ Single-chip sensing IC for high reliability ▪ Small mechanical size ▪ Optimized Hall IC magnetic system ▪ 200 μs power-on time at gear speed < 100 rpm ▪ AGC and reference adjust circuit ▪ Undervoltage lockout The ATS665 true zero-speed gear tooth sensor IC is an optimized Hall IC/rare earth pellet configuration designed to provide a user-friendly solution for digital gear tooth sensing applications. The over-molded package, holds together a samarium cobalt pellet, a pole piece and a true zero-speed Hall IC that has been optimized to the magnetic circuit. This small package can be easily assembled and used in conjunction with gears of various shapes and sizes. Package: 4-pin SIP (suffix SG) The device incorporates a dual element Hall IC that switches in response to differential magnetic signals created by a ferromagnetic target. The IC contains a sophisticated compensating circuit designed to reduce the detrimental effects of magnet and system offsets. Digital processing of the analog signal provides zero speed performance independent of air gap and also dynamic adaptation of device performance to the typical operating conditions found in automotive applications (reduced vibration sensitivity). High-resolution peak detecting DACs are used to set the adaptive switching thresholds of the device. Hysteresis in the thresholds reduces the negative effects of any anomalies in the magnetic signal associated with the targets used in many automotive applications. Continued on the next page… Not to scale Functional Block Diagram Vcc Vsig INTERNAL HALL AMP AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL REGULATOR THRESHP REFERENCE GENERATOR PDAC ATS665-DS, Rev. 4 THRESH LOGIC OUTPUT Output Transisto r PPEAK THRESHN NDAC THRESHOLD COMPARATOR NPEAK Current Limit GND ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Description (continued) This ATS665’s ability to provide tight duty cycle at high speeds and over a wide temperature range makes it ideal for transmission and industrial speed applications. The ATS665 is available in the SG package in the automotive temperature range, -40° to 150° (L). It is lead (Pb) free with 100% matte tin leadframe plating Selection Guide Part Number Packing* ATS665LSGTN-T 800 pieces per reel *Contact Allegro® for additional packing options Absolute Maximum Ratings Characteristic Symbol Supply Voltage VCC Reverse Supply Voltage VRCC Reverse Output Current IRCC Continuous Output Current IOUT 4 –18 V 50 mA ºC TJ(max) 165 ºC Tstg –65 to 170 ºC Maximum Junction Temperature 3 V mA Storage Temperature 2 Unit 26.5 20 TA 1 VOUT ≥ –0.5 V Rating –40 to 150 Operating Ambient Temperature Pin-out Diagram Notes See Power Derating section Range L Terminal List Number Name Function 1 VCC Device supply 2 VOUT Device output 3 – 4 GND Tie to GND or float Ground Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 2 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Valid at TA = –40°C to 150°C over air gap, typical operating parameters VCC = 12 V and TA = 25°C; unless otherwise noted Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 3.3 – 24 V – – <VCC(min) V – – –10 mA 26.5 – – V – Iccon(max) +3 mA Electrical Characteristics Supply Voltage Undervoltage Lockout Reverse Supply Current Supply Zener Clamp Voltage Supply Zener Current Supply Current VCC Operating; TJ < TJ(max) VCC(UV) IRCC VZ IZ ICC VCC = –18 V ICC = Iccon(max) + 3 mA, TA = 25°C Test only; VCC = 28 V, TJ < TJ(max) – Output off – 8 14 mA Output on – 8 14 mA – High – – – – 200 μs Power-On State Characteristics Power-On State SPO Power-On Time tPO Gear speed < 100 rpm; VCC > VCC(min) Output Stage Low Output Voltage Vsat Output = on, ISINK = 20 mA – 225 400 mV Output Current Limit Ilim VOUT = 12 V, TJ < TJ(max) 25 45 70 mA Output Leakage Current IOFF Output = off, VOUT = 24 V – – 10 μA Output Rise Time tr RLOAD = 500 Ω, CLOAD = 10 pF – 1.0 2 μs Output Fall Time tf RLOAD = 500 Ω, CLOAD = 10 pF – 0.6 2 μs S Reference target 0 – 12000 rpm Switchpoint Characteristics Target Speed Bandwidth f-3dB – 20 – kHz Operate Point BOP % of peak-to-peak signal, AG < AG(max) – 70 – % Release Point BRP % of peak-to-peak signal, AG < AG(max) – 30 – % Initial Calibration Start-up, power-on speed ≤ 200 rpm – 2 6 Edges Calibration Update Running mode operation Calibration Continuous Operating Characteristics (with 60-0 reference target) Operational Air Gap AG Measured from package face to top of target tooth 0.5 – 2.5 mm Duty Cycle AG < AG(max), reference target 42 47 52 % Operating Signal Duty cycle spec compliance 60 – – G Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 3 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Characteristic Performance IccOn IccOn 14 14 12 12 10 -40 0 8 25 6 85 4 150 Icc [mA] Icc [mA] 10 12 6 20 26.5 4 °C 2 4.3 8 Vcc 2 0 0 0 10 20 -50 30 0 50 100 150 Temperature [°C] Vcc [V] IccOff IccOff 14 12 12 10 Icc [mA] 10 -40 0 8 25 6 85 4 150 °C 2 Icc [mA] 14 4.3 8 12 6 20 26.5 4 Vcc 2 0 -50 0 0 10 20 0 50 100 150 Temperature [°C] 30 Vcc [V] Vsat Output Voltage [mV] 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 -50 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature [°C] Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 4 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Duty Cycle 100 RPM 53 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.5 2.35 2.5 52 51 Duty Cycle [% ] Duty Cycle [% ] Duty Cycle 100 RPM 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 0 50 100 -40 49 48 0 25 47 85 46 150 45 44 Air gap -50 50 °C 43 150 0 1 3 Duty Cycle @ 1000 RPM Duty Cycle 1000 RPM 53 52 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.5 2.35 2.5 Air gap -50 0 50 100 Temperature [°C] 150 Duty Cycle [% ] Duty Cycle [% ] 2 Air Gap [mm] Temperature [°C] 51 50 49 -40 0 25 85 48 47 46 45 150 °C 44 43 0 1 2 3 Air Gap [mm] Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 5 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Reference Target / Gear Information Diameter 120 mm Thickness 6 mm Tooth Width 3 mm Valley Width 3 mm Valley Depth 3 mm Material Low carbon steel Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 6 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Functional Description Device Description The ATS665 true zero speed gear tooth sensor IC is a Hall IC/ rare earth pellet configuration that is fully optimized to provide digital detection of gear tooth edges. This device is integrally molded into a plastic body that has been optimized for size, ease of assembly, and manufacturability. High operating temperature materials are used in all aspects of construction. Hall Technology The device contains a single-chip differential Hall effect sensor IC, a samarium cobalt pellet, and a flat ferrous pole piece. The Hall IC consists of two Hall elements spaced 2.2 mm apart which measure the magnetic gradient created by the passing of a ferrous object. The gradient is converted to an analog voltage that is then processed to provide a digital output signal. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 7 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Operation After proper power is applied to the component the IC is then capable of providing digital information that is representative of the profile of a rotating gear. No additional optimization is needed and minimal processing circuitry is required. This ease of use should reduce design time and incremental assembly costs for most applications. The following output diagram is indicative of the ICr performance for the polarity indicated in the figure at the bottom of the page. Output Polarity The output of the IC will switch from low to high as the leading edge of the tooth passes the package face in the direction indicated in the figure below. In this system configuration, the output voltage will be high when the package is facing a tooth. If rotation occurs in the opposite direction, the output polarity will invert. Power-On State Operation: The device is guaranteed to power up in the off state (logic high output). MECHANICAL PROFILE High over Tooth MAGNETIC PROFILE IC ELECTRICAL OUTPUT PROFILE Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 8 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Start-up Detection Since the IC powers-up in the off state (logic high output), the first edge seen by the IC can be missed if the switching induced by that edge reinforces the off state. Therefore, the first edge that can be guaranteed to induce an output transition is the second detected edge. This device has accurate first electrical falling edge detection. The tables below show various start-up schemes. MECHANICAL TARGET PROFILE MAGNETIC PROFILE (High over Tooth) IC OUTPUT High over Tooth (Start-up over Valley) (Start-up over Rising Edge) (Start-up over Tooth) (Start-up over Falling Edge) IC start-up location MECHANICAL TARGET PROFILE MAGNETIC PROFILE (Low over Tooth) IC OUTPUT (Start-up over Valley) Low over Tooth (Start-up over Rising Edge) (Start-up over Tooth) (Start-up over Falling Edge) IC start-up location Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 9 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Undervoltage Lockout When the supply voltage falls below the minimum operating voltage, VCCUV , the device turns off and stays off irrespective of the state of the magnetic field. This prevents false signals caused by undervoltage conditions from propagating to the output of the IC. Power Supply Protection The device contains an on-chip regulator and can operate over a wide supply voltage range. For devices that need to operate from an unregulated power supply, transient protection must be added externally. For applications using a regulated line, EMI/RFI protection may still be required. The following circuit is the most basic configuration required for proper device operation. For EMC information, contact your Allegro representative. Internal Electronics The ATS665 contains a self-calibrating Hall effect IC that possesses two Hall elements, a temperature compensated amplifier and offset cancellation circuitry. The IC also contains a voltage regulator that provides supply noise rejection over the operating voltage range. The Hall transducers and the electronics are integrated on the same silicon substrate using a proprietary BiCMOS process. Changes in temperature do not greatly affect this device due to the stable amplifier design and the offset rejection circuitry. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 10 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Automatic Gain Control (AGC) The patented self-calibrating circuitry is unique. After each power up, the device measures the peak-to-peak magnetic signal. The gain of the IC is then adjusted which keeps the internal signal amplitude constant over the air gap range of the device. This feature provides operational characteristics independent of air gap. Offset Adjust In addition to normalizing performance over air gap, the gain control circuitry also reduces the effect of chip, magnet, and installation offsets. This is accomplished using two D/A converters that capture the peak and valley of the signal and use it as a reference for the switching comparator. If induced offsets bias the absolute signal up or down, AGC and the dynamic DAC behavior work to normalize and reduce the impact of the offset on IC performance. DIFFERENTIAL MAGNETIC SIGNAL WITH INCREASING AIR GAP DIFFERENTIAL ELECTRICAL SIGNAL WITH INCREASING AIR GAP 800 600 400 200 1000 0.25 mm 0.50 mm 1.00 mm 1.50 mm 2.00 mm 0 -200 -400 -600 -800 -1000 DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL [mV] MAGNETIC FLUX DENSITY [GAUSS] 1000 0.25 mm 800 0.50 mm 600 1.00 mm 400 1.50 mm 200 2.00 mm 0 -200 -400 -600 -800 -1000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 TARGET POSITION [DEGREES] TARGET POSITION [DEGREES] Magnetic Signal with no Amplification Electrical Signal after AGC Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 11 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Switchpoints Switchpoints in the ATS665 are established dynamically as a percentage of the amplitude of the normalized magnetic signal. Two DACs track the peaks of the normalized magnetic signal (see the section on Update); the switching thresholds are established at 30% and 70% of the two DAC’s values. The proximity of the thresholds near 50% ensures the most accurate and consistent switching where the signal is steepest and least affected by air gap variation. The hysteresis of 40% provides high air gap performance and immunity to false switching on noise, vibration, backlash and other transient events. Since the hysteresis value is independent of air gap, it provides protection against false switching in the presence of overshoot that can be induced on the edges of large teeth. The figure below graphically demonstrates the establishment of the switching threshold levels. Because the threshold are established dynamically as a percentage of the peak-peak signal, the effect of a baseline shift is minimized. As a result, the effects of offsets induced by tilted or off-center installation are minimized. Switching Threshold Levels Bop 100 % 70 % 30 % 0% Brp Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 12 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Update The ATS665 incorporates an algorithm that continuously monitors the system and updates the switching thresholds accordingly. The switchpoint for each edge is determined by the previous two edges. Since variations are tracked in real time, the IC has high immunity to target run-out and retains excellent accuracy and functionality in the presence of both run-out and transient mechanical events. The figures below show how the IC uses historical data to provide the switching threshold for a given edge. Switching Level - Operate Operate point based on previous two peaks Switching Level - Release Release point based on previous two peaks Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 13 True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC IC/Target Evaluation In order to establish the proper operating specification for a particular IC/target system, a systematic evaluation of the magnetic circuit should be performed. The first step is the generation of a magnetic map of the target. By using a calibrated device, a magnetic signature of the system is made. At right is a map of the 60-0 reference target. Flux density shown is the differential of the magnetic fields sensed at the two Hall elements. A single curve is distilled from this map data that describes the peak-peak magnetic field versus air gap. Knowing the minimum amount of magnetic flux density that guarantees operation of the IC, one can determine the maximum operational air gap of the IC/target system. Referring to the chart below right, a minimum required peak-peak signal of 60 G corresponds to a maximum air gap of approximately 2.5 mm. 300 250 200 150 Flux Density [Gauss] ATS665LSG 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 -250 -300 0 5 Target Design For the generation of adequate magnetic field levels to maximize air gap performance, the following recommendations should be followed in the design and specification of targets. Accuracy While the update algorithm will allow the IC to adapt to system changes (i.e. air gap increase), major changes in air gap can adversely affect switching performance. When characterizing IC performance over a significant air gap range, be sure to re-power the device at each air gap. This ensures that self-calibration occurs for each installation condition. See the section entitled Characteristic Data for typical duty cycle performance. 20 0.94mm 1.19mm 1.44mm 1.69mm 1.94mm Tooth width > 2 mm Valley width > 2 mm Valley depth > 2 mm Gear thickness > 3 mm Target material must be low carbon steel Though these parameters apply to targets of traditional geometry (radially oriented teeth with radial sensing), they can be applied to stamped targets as well. For stamped geometries with axial sensing, the valley depth is intrinsically infinite so the criteria for tooth width, valley width, material thickness (can be < 3 mm) and material specification need only be considered. 15 25 30 35 Position [º] 2.19mm 2.44mm 2.69mm 2.94mm 3.19mm ATS665LSG 60-0 TARGET MAP 700 600 Peak-Peak Flux Density [Gauss] · · · · · 10 500 400 300 200 100 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 Air Gap [mm] Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 14 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Power Derating Due to internal power consumption, the junction temperature of the IC, TJ, is higher than the ambient environment temperature, TA. To ensure that the device does not operate above the maximum rated junction temperature use the following calculations: ΔT = PD × RθJA If: ΔT = PD × RθJA Then, at TA = 150°C: PD(max) = ΔT(max) / RθJA = 15°C / 126°C/W = 119 mW If: Where: PD = VCC × ICC ∴ ΔT = VCC × ICC × RθJA Where ΔT denotes the temperature rise resulting from the IC’s power dissipation. TJ = TA + ΔT PD = VCC × ICC Then the maximum VCC at 150°C is therefore: VCC(max) = PD(max) / ICC = 119 mW / 12.0 mA = 9.9 V This value applies only to the voltage drop across the 665 chip. If a protective series diode or resistor is used, the effective maximum supply voltage is increased. For the IC: For example, when a standard diode with a 0.7 V drop is used: TJ(max) = 165°C RθJA = 126°C/W VS(max) = 9.9 V + 0.7 V = 10.6 V Typical TJ calculation: Maximum Allowable Power Dissipation Calculation for ATS665: Assume: If: TA = TA(max) = 165°C TJ(max) = 165°C ICC = 12.0 mA TJ = TA + ΔT Then, at TA = 150 °C: ATS665LSG Package Power De-Rating Curve Thermal Resistance = 126°C/Watt, Tjmax = 165°C Maximum Supply Voltage [Volts] TA = 25°C VCC = 5 V ICC = 7.0 mA PD = VCC × ICC = 5 V × 8.0 mA = 40.0 mW ΔT = PD × RθJA = 40.0 mW × 126°C/W = 5.0°C TJ = TA + ΔT = 25°C + 5.0°C = 30.0°C 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 c 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Ambient Temperature [°C] ΔT(max) = TJ(max) – TA(max) = 165°C –150°C = 15°C Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 15 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Package SG 4-Pin SIP 5.50±0.05 F 1.10 1.10 F E B 8.00±0.05 LLLLLLL NNN 5.80±0.05 E1 E2 YYWW Branded Face 1.70±0.10 D 4.70±0.10 1 2 3 4 = Supplier emblem L = Lot identifier N = Last three numbers of device part number Y = Last two digits of year of manufacture W = Week of manufacture A 0.60±0.10 Standard Branding Reference View 0.71±0.05 For Reference Only, not for tooling use (reference DWG-9002) Dimensions in millimeters A Dambar removal protrusion (16X) +0.06 0.38 –0.04 B Metallic protrusion, electrically connected to pin 4 and substrate (both sides) C Thermoplastic Molded Lead Bar for alignment during shipment 24.65±0.10 D Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion 0.40±0.10 15.30±0.10 E Active Area Depth, 0.43 mm F Hall elements (E1, E2), not to scale 1.0 REF A 1.60±0.10 C 1.27±0.10 0.71±0.10 0.71±0.10 5.50±0.10 Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 16 ATS665LSG True Zero Speed, High Accuracy, Gear Tooth Sensor IC Copyright ©1993-2009, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro’s products are not to be used in life support devices or systems, if a failure of an Allegro product can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. For the latest version of this document, visit our website: www.allegromicro.com Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. 115 Northeast Cutoff Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A. 1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com 17