Sensors Controls Solutions Guide

Sensors and Controls
S O L U T I O N S
G U I D E
Index
Bourns Sensors and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Potentiometers
Selecting a Potentiometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Modification Capabilities and Value-Added Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Array of Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Precision
Multiturn
Potentiometers
Encoders
Selecting an Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Modification Capabilities and Value-Added Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Array of Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Custom Solutions
Automotive Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Other Custom Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Integrated Front Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Cursor Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Application Notes
Potentiometers
Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Typical Applications & Circuit Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Encoders
Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
General Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Application Information for EN Series Optical Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Precision
Single-Turn
Potentiometers
Panel
Controls
Commercial
Controls
Product Selection Guides
Potentiometers
Precision Multiturn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Precision Single-Turn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Panel Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Commercial Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Encoders
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Dials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Industrial
Encoders
Commercial
Encoders
Data Sheets
(All data sheets can be accessed through the links in the Product Selection
Guides section beginning on page 41.)
Glossary of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Integrated
Front Panels
Dials
1
Introduction
The Bourns Mission
Our goal is to satisfy customers on a global basis
while achieving sound growth with technological
products of innovative design, superior quality and
exceptional value. We commit ourselves to
excellence, to the continuous improvement of our
people, technologies, systems, products and services,
to industry leadership and to the highest level of
integrity.
Bourns Corporate
Bourns, Inc. has been providing reliable and
innovative solutions to the electronics industry for
over 50 years. With manufacturing facilities and
customer support teams located throughout the
world, Bourns is uniquely positioned to serve the
industrial, automotive, telecommunications,
audio/visual, aerospace and other electronic
industries. Most importantly, Bourns is firmly
committed to quality, service and innovation.
Sensors and Controls Headquarters
The Sensors and Controls Division is headquartered
in Riverside, California. Since introducing its
precision control line in 1970, Sensors and Controls
now manufactures an extensive range of products.
The product lines include Precision Controls, Panel
Controls, Commercial Controls, Encoders, Turns
Counting Dials, and a wide array of Custom
Solutions for use in the industrial, medical,
professional audio, consumer electronics and
automotive industries.
Bourns Corporate headquarters in Riverside, California
World-Class Manufacturing
The majority of Sensors and Controls products are
manufactured at the Bourns facility, Bourns de
Mexico-CLM (BCLM), located in Tijuana, Mexico.
The 58,000 square foot facility employs over 500
people and has been recognized with various quality
awards from Ford and Motorola among others. The
facility is ISO/QS certified since 1997 and has certified
several employees through the six-sigma “Black Belt”
program. With the implementation of the Bourns
Production System, many of the employees are now
involved in Kaizen events to further improve
production efficiencies and reduce cost.
BCLM production line
BCLM production facility
2
Our core competencies in plastic injection molding
and thick film printing combined with world class
manufacturing facilities have contributed to the
success of Sensors and Controls over the years.
Market research feeds the continuous development of
new models to meet the changing application needs
and state-of-the-art performance requirements of the
electronics industry. Continuing advances in
materials-research and processing techniques have
enabled Bourns to provide innovative product
solutions to a growing customer base on a continuous
basis.
Introduction
Quick Response Center
The “heart” of the Bourns Sensors and Controls
operation located in Tijuana, Mexico, is the Quick
Response Center (QRC). The QRC employs a
technical base of engineers, technicians, and
production personnel to process all customer
inquiries and sample requests. Producing samples
with modified features for application specific
requirements in a relatively short time is the main
focus of the QRC. By utilizing the sustaining
engineering and fabrication departments, the QRC
can modify parts produced to customer
specifications and coordinate sample fabrication in
production areas to insure the utmost quality and
reliability. This process reduces cycle time and
decreases response time to the customer. The QRC’s
mission is quick response to the design needs of our
customers.
Design Center
Using state-of-the-art design software and applying
practical solutions to complex applications, Sensors
and Controls Design Engineers develop and design
products for the changing needs of the electronics
industry. Working side by side with the Quick
Response Center (QRC), the engineering team
reviews feasibility of customer requirements,
Riverside Engineering Design Center
documents all new and modified designs on existing
products, and coordinates prototype fabrication with
the manufacturing facility. Our engineers work
closely with customers to design cost effective and
reliable solutions. Whatever your product needs may
be, Sensors and Controls engineers can support your
requirements.
BCLM Quick Response Center Team
3
Introduction
Reliability Test Facility
Once our engineering team has developed a product
design, the Reliability Test Facility takes a major role
to insure performance standards. The lab is equipped
with specialized test equipment designed to run for
thousands of hours, providing environmental,
electrical and mechanical testing of potentiometers
and encoders. Humidity, salt spray, rotational
cycling, and exposure to high and low temperature
extremes are just a few of the specialized tests
performed on our products. In addition to testing
finished products, our lab is set up to test individual
piece parts, such as printed elements and windings,
for endurance. The Reliability Assurance Test
Program (RATP), which has a six-sigma quality goal,
is evidence of our commitment to quality.
Commitment to Quality
Quality is the foundation of our products, starting
with the acceptance of the customer drawing.
Quality is continually being measured each and
every time a Bourns® product is being put to use in
every customer application. The Sensors and
Controls Division has adopted the Six-Sigma Quality
Program as the foundation of our business practice.
Quality goes far beyond perfect parts, beyond quality
control, to understanding zero-defects and how
dependability affects our customer’s customer. We
are QS9000 certified and committed to consistent
product reliability, assuring the highest yield of
dependable, high performance products.
Bourns’ successful commitment to quality is evident
from the awards that the company has been received
over the years. Some of the most recent awards
include:
• 2002 – Invensys Bronze Supplier Award
• 2002 – Tektronix Preferred Supplier Award
• 2000 – Lucent APL Gold Award
• 2000 – TTI Supplier Excellence Award
Riverside Reliability Test Facility
4
Introduction
Technical Support
Trained sales representatives, account managers and
distributor sales engineers are located conveniently
around the world. Our Field Application Engineers
(FAEs) are also strategically located to assist with
technical support and to provide an interface
between customer inquiries and our production
facility. Our technical support team can provide you
with solutions appropriately selected and precisely
manufactured to satisfy your requirements for
performance, cost and availability.
Customer Service
Bourns’ distributor network is the most extensive in
the industry. Our three Bourns Customer Service
Centers located in the US, Europe and Asia, as well
as our extensive distributor network, are dedicated to
serve you on any aspect and demand. With 100 %
on-time delivery and world-class service as core
business objectives, we ensure direct support for
customers in all countries and market segments. At
Sensors and Controls Division, we strive to build
good business relationships with our customers.
In every aspect from innovative designs to on-time
delivery, Bourns Sensors and Controls is the first
choice in the industry for reliable and cost-effective
potentiometers, encoders and custom solutions.
5
Potentiometers
Selecting a Potentiometer
The Sensors and Controls Division has a
potentiometer to fit many of your applications.
Whether you need a precision control with millions
of rotational life cycles or a commercial
potentiometer that fits in a hand-held radio, we have
a product selection that is second to none. No other
manufacturer offers a broader selection of
potentiometers than Bourns Sensors and Controls.
Types of potentiometers in the Sensors and Controls
product line include:
• Multiturn Precision
• Single-Turn Precision
• Panel Control
• Commercial Grade
Precision Potentiometers are used to provide an
accurate electrical output signal corresponding to a
mechanical position input, where accuracy, reliability
and long life are important. These devices are
generally designed for high reliability, long life in
continuous service, high accuracy and operation in
demanding environments.
Panel Control Potentiometers are used where the
frequency of adjustment is high and front panel
accessibility is required. These industrial grade
devices are designed for long rotational life with
emphasis on good adjustability.
Commercial Potentiometers are used in consumer
applications as lower cost alternatives to industrial
grade panel controls. These devices are designed for
moderate rotational life with emphasis on low cost.
In selecting a potentiometer for your application, the
most important characteristics to consider are the
type of element (cermet, conductive plastic, carbon,
wirewound and Hybritron®) and expected cycle life
of the product.
Cermet Element Technology
Cermet elements are available in
a wide range of resistance values
and tapers. They offer essentially
infinite resolution and excellent
stability in the most severe
environmental conditions. Static
and dynamic noise (CRV)
performance is good, although conductive plastic is
better. The temperature coefficient of cermet
elements is better than conductive plastic or carbon
type elements, though not as good as wirewound
elements. Linearity is good but can be improved in
accuracy by utilizing laser-trimming technology.
Frequency response of cermet materials is very good.
The practical application range extends well beyond
100 MHz.
Conductive Plastic Element Technology
Conductive plastic thick film ink is similar
to cermet, but has a smoother surface. This
characteristic offers several operational
advantages over cermet. Dynamic
noise characteristics (CRV or output
smoothness) and rotational life are
measurably improved and resolution is
essentially infinite. Conductive plastic elements are
generally available in a wide range of resistance
values and tapers. Moisture resistance, temperature
coefficient, power dissipation and wiper current
capacity for conductive plastic elements are not as
good as cermet elements.
Carbon Element Technology
Carbon elements offer the most costeffective technology. A carbon-based
resistive ink is screened or sprayed
onto a phenolic or FR4 substrate.
Resistance ranges are limited,
beginning with 1 kΩ and going as high as 1
MΩ. Potentiometers using this element
technology are typically for commercial type
applications, with rotational life in the 10,000 to
15,000 cycles range.
7
Potentiometers
Wirewound Element Technology
Wirewound elements offer good stability, excellent
linearity, low noise, high power capabilities and good
operational life. Wirewound elements offer a wide
range of resistance values up to 500 kΩ. One
primary limitation of wirewound elements
is the finite resolution steps, which
result from the wiper moving from
turn to turn perpendicular to the
coil of wire. (These steps are
distinct, sudden, repeatable
changes in output.) Resolution
improves as resistance values increase due to the
manufacturing processes whereby smaller diameter
wire and a higher number of turns are utilized. For
applications that may be sensitive to such discrete
steps, care should be taken to select an element with
resolution fine enough to avoid difficulty.
The coil of resistance wire used to fabricate a
wirewound element exhibits an inductive reactance
that increases proportionately with the frequency.
This effect is most noticeable in the lower total
resistance elements where the inductive reactance
can be larger than the resistance, even at frequencies
as low as 20 kHz. The performance of wirewound
elements is also affected by inherent capacitance.
Capacitance exists from turn to turn and also
between the winding and the mandrel. The effects of
capacitance are most significant in the higher total
resistance elements.
Hybritron® Element Technology
This element is a wirewound element with a
conductive plastic coating. It exhibits the
temperature coefficient and resistance stability
similar to a pure wirewound element. In addition, it
displays the long operational life, essentially infinite
resolution and low noise characteristics of the pure
conductive plastic elements.
The combination of the two
provides the major benefits of
both types of elements. This
element is not recommended
in applications requiring high
wiper currents.
8
Mechanical Cycle Life
Mechanical cycle life is the ability of a potentiometer
to withstand a specified number of cycles under
specific operating conditions, while remaining
within allowable specifications. A mechanical cycle
consists of wiper traverse from one limit of travel to
the other limit, and back. The performance is
determined by the type of resistive element and
wiper used in the construction of the potentiometer.
Precision Potentiometers are generally capable of
mechanical cycle life in the range of 300,000 to
25,000,000 shaft revolutions.
Panel Control Potentiometers are generally capable of
mechanical cycle life in the range of 25,000 to
100,000 full cycles.
Commercial Potentiometers are generally capable of
mechanical cycle life in the range of 10,000 to 25,000
full cycles.
The actual mechanical cycle life or rotational life will
heavily depend on the environmental and electrical
stresses imposed on the unit during its life.
Additional information on performance
characteristics and applications is contained in the
“Application Notes” section of this guide.
Potentiometers
Modification Capabilities and Value-Added
Solutions
The strength of Bourns Sensors and Controls
product line lies in the customized or modified
potentiometers to suit your application. A wide
range of “value-added” potentiometer enhancements
is also available to provide you with cost-effective
solutions. We appreciate the opportunity to explore
your application and provide potentiometers
modified to meet your exact needs.
Bourns’ capabilities to develop custom
potentiometer solutions and modifications include
the following:
Terminal Configurations
Terminals can be customized.
Hardware
Most products are shipped with one hex nut and one
lock washer, with other configurations available on
request.
Bushing and Servo Mount
Bushings can be modified to add a flat,
provide special thread pitch, or even
custom lengths. Servo mount versions
can be substituted on many bushing
mount models.
Seal
Many models are sealed for board processing. Some
models can be sealed to IP65 specifications.
Marking
Standard marking includes the Bourns part number
and date code. We can mark additional information,
such as customer name and part number, or any
other designations.
Special Packaging
Bourns will provide custom packaging to meet your
production or storage needs.
Customized Shaft Options
In all shaft diameters, Bourns
can modify the length of the
shaft, add a flat with special
shaft orientation, add holes or
notches, or even press on a
gear as a value-added option.
Mounting Brackets
Bourns can develop a customized
bracket. Servo mount precision
controls can use motor mount
cleats or precision
synchro mounting
clamps by Pic Design.
(www.pic-design.com)
Some additional customizing features solely
applicable to potentiometers:
Switches
Rotary switches are available as a standard feature on
many panel control models.
Push switches can be
added to meet your
specific needs.
Special Test Requirements
Bourns has the capability to provide extensive
reliability testing as required. We can accommodate
most special test needs along with test
documentation and/or certification with
each shipment as requested.
Cable Harness or Lead Wires
For ease of connection to your
application, we can supply a
custom fit cable harness or lead wires
with a mating connector.
9
Potentiometers
Special Tapers
We can provide custom tapers on our nonwirewound panel controls and precision
potentiometers.
Front and Rear Ball Bearings
Bourns offers additional ball bearing
configurations not listed in our
data sheets to accommodate unique
applications with heavy shaft side
load. This option is typically used
with our 65xx and 66xx singleturn precision controls.
Independent Linearity
Our wirewound and single-turn precision
potentiometers can be ordered with special linearity
from 0.1 % to 2.0 %.
Temperature Ratings
Bourns offers special potentiometer configurations
made to withstand temperature extremes.
Center Tap
We can add a fourth terminal
(center tap) for measuring current
or voltage.
High Torque
Running torque variations available in 2 to 8 oz-in
for a smooth, heavy feel.
Dual Wipers
Our precision controls 65xx and 66xx models can be
produced with dual resistive tracks and dual wipers.
10
Rear Shaft Extension
This option is available
on many models, and is most
popular on a multiturn
wirewound potentiometer,
but is available on panel
control models as well.
Mechanical & Electrical Angles
We can provide custom mechanical and electrical
angles. Electrical angles are typically smaller than
their corresponding mechanical angles.
Multi-Section Potentiometers
This feature is available on many panel control and
precision potentiometer models. These devices can
be configured with one shaft to control
multiple ganged potentiometers, or a
dual concentric shaft for individual
adjustment.
Potentiometers
Array of Applications
Bourns® potentiometers can be found in a broad
array of applications and functions. For over 50
years, Bourns has provided technical leadership in
the potentiometer market. Our engineering and
design expertise have provided customers solutions
to applications in the following areas:
Medical
State-of-the-art medical equipment requires a
reliable electronic solution that will withstand the
use and abuse of daily wear. Bourns®
potentiometers, used as human interface controls, or
sensors in non-critical life support applications are
designed to outlast the equipment life.
Transportation
A fast growing marketplace, manufacturers are
taking advantage of long life precision
potentiometers used as position feedback sensors in
rugged transportation systems.
• Aircraft Systems
• Rocket Guidance Systems
• Agriculture & Construction Equipment
• Traffic Control Systems
• Training & Simulation Equipment
• Locomotive Braking Systems
• Forklifts
• Joystick Controls
• Automotive Comfort Controls
• Motorized Golf Carts
• Dental Equipment
• Electric Wheelchairs
• Analytical & Diagnostic Equipment
• Hospital Bed Controls
• Positioning Controls for X-Ray
11
Potentiometers
12
Industrial Controls
Bourns® precision potentiometers have played a key
role in industrial control systems for many years.
Dependable and accurate, Bourns® potentiometers
should be your first choice for your most robust and
Professional Audio
As a leader serving the professional audio market,
Bourns® controls are used for volume, balance, and
demanding applications.
• HVAC Equipment
• Illumination and Theater Controls
• Meteorological Equipment
• Oil Exploration & Refinery Equipment
• Manufacturing Control Systems
• Machine Tool/Presses/Vision Systems
• Robots/Robotic Equipment
• Dispensing Process Equipment
• Controls for Printing Presses
• Food Processing Equipment
• Automatic Doors/Gates
• Automated Warehouse Equipment
• Speed/Adjustment Controls
tone controls in professional audio equipment today.
• Studio Recording Equipment
• Mixing Consoles
• Broadcast Equipment
• Keyboards
• Amplifiers
• Commercial Audio Sound Systems
Instrumentation
On a panel in selector mode, or inside the cabinet as
a sensor, Bourns’® potentiometers are an excellent
choice for all types of instrumentation.
• Oscilloscopes
• X-Y Plotters
• Fluid Level Sensors
• Aircraft Lighting Systems
• Helicopter Communication Systems
• Test & Measurement Equipment
Potentiometers
Commercial Appliances
Bourns has developed many controls for the
expanding electronic appliance industry. We can
modify any of our potentiometers to meet these
robust commercial applications.
• Laundry
• Refrigeration
• Oven Ranges
• Hand Mixers
• Food Processors
To assist you in making the right potentiometer
selection for your application, please refer to the
sections in this guide entitled “Application Notes”
and “Product Selection Guides.” These sections
provide a side-by-side comparison of specifications
for each model along with technical data for each
model. Additional technical information can be
found in the “Data Sheets” and “Glossary of Terms”
sections.
Consumer Electronics
Bourns® potentiometers continue to get smaller as
the demand for portable equipment increases. Take a
look at all the models we have to offer for this
growing consumer electronics industry.
• Computer Speakers
• Car Audio
• Dictation Equipment
• Film Development Processors
• Graphic Applications & Simulation
• Joy Sticks
13
Encoders
Selecting an Encoder
With Sensors and Controls offering more than 10
different models of encoders, we have one to fit your
applications needs. Providing the industry with both
contacting and non-contacting encoders, Bourns is
recognized worldwide for supplying standard and
custom encoder solutions and providing excellent
technical support.
An encoder is a rotary or linear device that
detects or senses a change in position
resulting in a digital signal output.
These devices are also known as
Incremental Encoders, Digital Panel
Controls, Bit Switches, Gray Code
Switches and Digital Switches.
Rotary encoders are physically
similar in appearance to a potentiometer. However,
the electrical function of an encoder is different than
a potentiometer. Encoders are used in applications
from car radios to automatic door openers as
position sensing digital switches. Some of the
functions that the Bourns® encoders can be used for
are:
• Identifying direction of rotation
• Detecting angular position
• Up/down counting
• Sensing speed of rotation
• Pulse generation
• Switching
An advantage of using encoders over potentiometers
in a digital circuit is that the signal produced by an
encoder eliminates the analog-to-digital (A/D)
conversion process. This approach can reduce
memory overhead, wiring and wiring interconnects,
and can provide greater MPU program speed.
Important Characteristics
In selecting an encoder for your application, the
most important characteristics to consider are the
type of technology, type of output signal, speed of
rotation, expected cycle life and switching capability
of the product. There are two basic technology
classifications of encoders: contacting (mechanical)
and non-contacting. Your application will dictate the
type of technology that will be best suited for your
design.
Contacting Technology
Contacting encoders have two major
components in their construction:
the coded element and a
contacting sensor or wiper.
Movement of the wiper over a
coded element emulates a
mechanical switching action, producing a
digital output signal. This type of technology offers
the most cost-effective solution for your application.
However, resolution and rotational life are
limitations of contacting designs. Bourns offers a
variety of contacting encoder models suited for low
cost applications.
Non-Contacting Technology
Non-contacting encoders can be constructed
from four different types of technologies:
optical, inductive, capacitive and
magnetic. Optical encoders contain
three major components in their
construction: a light source, a code disk, and a
detector. Resolution and life are much higher than
the contacting technology. Optical encoders can be
used in both static and dynamic applications. This
type of encoder offers a midrange priced solution for
your application. Magnetic encoders contain three
major components in their construction: a coil, a
magnet, and a sensor. Magnetic encoders can operate
in very high-speed and high temperature
applications. However, resolution is limited for an
equivalent sized optical encoder package. This type
of encoder is used in dynamic applications only and
is a high priced component. Bourns offers optical
encoders suitable for your applications.
15
Encoders
Types of Output Signals
There are two basic types of encoder output signals:
incremental and absolute. The incremental signal
consists of two phase-shifted, square-wave signals.
The phase shift is required for recognition of the
direction of rotation. The absolute signal, also
known as Gray Code, consists of discreet coded
binary values and may be from 4 to 16 bits wide. In
application, absolute encoders are required if a
particular setting must be recognized and available
after a power down of the system. All other
applications can use an incremental encoder.
Speed of Rotation
Contacting encoders have a
higher sensitivity to speed of
rotation or revolutions per
minute (RPM). On the other
hand, non-contacting encoders
can be rotated at high speeds. Most
contacting encoders begin to skip counts when the
shaft is rotated in excess of 100 RPM, while noncontacting encoders fitted with ball bearings can be
rotated at speeds up to 3000 RPM.
Rotational Life
Contacting encoders have a limited rotational life
due to wear on mechanical contact components used
to create the signal output. In general, contacting
encoders have a rotational life below 100,000 cycles.
On the other hand, non-contacting encoders can
endure rotational life in excess of 1,000,000 cycles.
Non-contacting encoders are theoretically limited by
the wear in bearing surface of the
bushing or ball bearings holding the
shaft in place. Typical cycle life
expectancy is 10 million without
ball bearings and 200 million
with ball bearings.
16
Switching Capability
Encoders are frequently used in switching
applications where each discreet binary
number in the output signal is
recognized as a specific instruction
or setting for the digital system. In
such cases, the system must
recognize the position of the encoder
after power down of the system. For those
applications, encoders such as Bourns® Model EA
Absolute Contacting Encoder (ACE™) are the
perfect solution. Incremental contacting encoders
can also be used in such applications. However, the
designer must make additional software and
hardware provisions for retaining the encoder
position in a non-volatile memory.
Another frequently used option available in many
encoder models is the momentary push switch. This
type of switch is typically used to drive menu
selection in a digital display. Bourns offers the model
EP and PEC series encoders with momentary push
switch options to suit your application.
Additional information on performance
characteristics and applications is contained in the
“Application Notes” section of this guide.
Encoders
Modification Capabilities and Value-Added
Solutions
The Sensors and Controls Division has continued to
expand its encoder product offering with a wide
variety of models to meet your application needs,
including both absolute and incremental quadrature
output codes. A wide range of “value-added”
potentiometer enhancements is also available to
provide you with cost-effective solutions. We would
like the opportunity to provide a custom solution to
meet your application and design needs.
Bourns’ capabilities to develop custom encoder
solutions and modifications include the following:
Cable Harness/Lead Wires
For ease of connection to your
application, we can supply a
custom fit cable harness or
lead wires. We can even
supply it with a mating
connector.
Detents
On some models, the detent count can be doubled or
quadrupled per electrical output cycle.
Custom Output
In addition to our standard electrical output (PPR),
custom outputs signals can be developed to meet
special application needs.
Seal
Some models are sealed for board
processing. Some models can be
sealed to IP65 specifications.
Torque
On some models, rotational torque can be increased
for a smooth, heavier feel.
Special Packaging
Bourns can provide custom packaging to
meet your production or storage needs.
Terminal Configurations
Terminals can be formed to meet your
application needs.
Hardware
Most products are shipped with one hex nut and one
lock washer, but other configurations are available
upon request.
Marking
Standard marking includes the Bourns part number
and date code. We can mark additional information,
such as customer name and part number, or any
other designations.
Mechanical Stops
All encoders are continuous turn, but stops can be
added to limit mechanical travel.
Mounting Brackets
Bourns can develop a customized bracket to meet
your needs. Servo mount precision controls can use
motor mount cleats or precision synchro mounting
clamps by Pic Design. (www.pic-design.com)
Special Test Requirements
We have the capability to provide extensive reliability
testing as required. We can accommodate most
special test needs along with test documentation
and/or certification with each shipment as requested.
Customized Shaft Options
In all shaft diameters, Bourns has the ability
to modify the length of the shaft, add a
flat with special shaft orientation, add
holes or notches, or even press on a
gear as a value-added option.
17
Encoders
Array of Applications
Bourns Sensors and Controls offers a wide range of
encoder package options and performance
characteristics unmatched by competitive devices.
This extra measure of adaptability makes Bourns®
encoders the optimum solution for a broad range of
applications. Our engineering and design expertise
used to resolve customer needs have led us to
encoder applications in the following industries:
Test & Measurement Equipment
Used as input devices for all types of test and
measurement equipment, contacting and optical
encoders provide accurate adjustment controls
insuring reliability and dependability in your end
product.
Professional and Consumer Audio
An industry leader serving the professional and
consumer audio market, Bourns’ contacting and
optical encoders can be found in all types of audio
applications. Old analog designs are being
redesigned with to digital circuits with encoders
replacing potentiometers.
• Oscilloscopes
• Digital Analyzers
• Measurement Instruments
• Weather Instruments
• Medical Diagnostic Equipment
• Chart Recorders
• Digital Monitors
• Studio Recording Equipment
• Digital Mixing Consoles
• Digital Broadcast Equipment
• Professional Sound Systems
• Digital Amplifiers
• Digital Car Audio
18
Encoders
Industrial/Factory Automation
Optical Encoders are a rugged and durable solution
for factory automation and industrial uses. With
millions of life cycles, non-contacting technology
enables these encoders to outlast the life of the
equipment. Designed with outputs to 256 pulses per
revolution, Bourns® optical encoders provide the
highest resolution with the smallest package size in
the industry.
• Robotics
• Material Handling
• Forklift Trucks
• Machine Tools
• Automated Gates/Doors
• Fluid Measurement
To assist you in making the right encoder selection
for your application, please refer to the sections in
this guide entitled “Application Notes” and “Product
Selection Guides.” These sections provide a side-byside comparison of specifications for each model
along with technical data for each model. Additional
technical information can be found in the “Data
Sheets” and “Glossary of Terms” sections.
19
Custom Solutions
Automotive Products
Many of the world’s leading manufacturers have long
known Bourns as a company that they can trust to
deliver quality electronic parts on time and within tartargget costs. With components and inteintegrated solutions for many automotive
appapplications, Bourns Sensors and
Controls has a keen sense of
automotive companies’ needs. Our
products deliver performance and
reliability you can trust.
Bourns has been an integral part of many recent
technological advances providing high-performance,
low-cost, magnetic position sensors, and
enhancements to positive temperature coefficient
over-current protection devices.
At the Sensors and Controls
Division, we understand that
automotive manufacturers need
complete solutions. To achieve an
optimum blend of price and
quality, we are structured to be one
of the world’s most vertically integrated suppliers.
With our own prototype engineering labs and tool
rooms, we are able to minimize the time to market.
From simple substrates to complete assemblies,
Bourns does it all. Our component offering is
exceptionally broad-based.
Bourns automotive
offerings include
sensors, overcurrent
protection devices,
controls, and discrete
components. The
breadth of Bourns
standard product
offering is unmatched in
the passive electronics industry. At the same time, our
vertical integration, production capacity, and
technical expertise gives us the ability to adapt
quickly to just about any custom requirement. This
unbeatable versatility continues to make Bourns a
supplier of choice for many automotive
manufacturers. Simply contact your local Bourns
sales representative for assistance on your
automotive needs.
Bourns Automotive Engineering Group has
designed, prototyped, and manufactured customized
automotive sensors for tier one and tier two
automotive customers over the last 25 years. With
everything from contacting type encoders for
automobile radios, including the more recent use of
new non-contacting magnetic technology in throttle
position sensors and electronic throttle control
applications, Bourns can provide you with the
custom discreet and integrated solutions needed in
today’s changing automotive marketplace.
21
Custom Solutions
Bourns core technologies can be tailored to fit any
sensor application. These technologies include:
• Thick Film Printing
• Long Life Resistive Ink Technology
• Non-Contacting Magnetic Technology
• Insert and Injection Molding
• CNC Machining
• Metal Fabrication
Bourns Automotive Engineering Group has been
successful in developing the following types of
components for the automotive industry:
• Brake Wear Sensors
• Steering System Sensors
• Gear Position Sensors
• Single/Dual Output Non-Contacting Pedal
Position Sensors
• Non-Contacting Linear and Rotary EGR Sensors
• Non-Contacting Rotary Throttle Position Sensors
• Electronic Transmission Sensors
• Suspension Position Sensors
• Memory Seat Controls
• Radio Controls
• HVAC
22
Whatever your automotive sensor or control
requirement may be, Bourns Automotive
Engineering Group has the expertise to design,
prototype, and manufacture it for you. Simply
contact your local Bourns Sales Representative with
details of your idea or design, and they will do the
rest. Like millions before you, Bourns
will be happy to provide you
with the most Reliable
Electronic Solutions the
industry has to offer.
Custom Solutions
Custom Solutions for Automotive Applications
Dimming System
• 3310 Panel Control
Stability Systems
• Suspension Sensors
• Steering Sensors
• Brake Wear Sensors
Cockpit Systems
• HVAC Controls
• Radio Controls
• Integrated Electronic Front Panel Solutions
• Infotainment Electronic Solutions
Engine Management Systems
• Throttle Position Sensors
• Pedal Position Sensors
• EGR Valve Position Sensors
• Transmission/Gear Position Sensors
23
Custom Solutions
Other Custom Products
The Sensors and Controls Division specializes in
designing, developing and manufacturing custom
components, utilizing both contacting and noncontacting technologies. From throttle position
sensors for a unique automotive environment,
to printed circuit boards custom fitted with
Bourns® contacting encoders, we aid
customers in developing their ideas into
assembly ready solutions. Bourns can
fully integrate passive and active
components into an array of housing
sizes to meet customer
needs.
One example of a custom
solution is the Bourns® Smart Panel
Control. This device is a digital
rotary control with embedded
functionality facilitated by on-board electronics. The
product may be programmed to accommodate a
variety of different functions. Specifically, it can
control several devices and all associated functions
through one simple, intelligent interface.
Another Smart Panel Control configuration directly
controls and powers a small DC motor for an
automotive or industrial application. Variables such
as speed, slew rate and control curve can be
programmed into the on board
electronics. The Smart Panel
Control may also monitor all
systems and under program control
either notify the operator of
the offending condition, or
take direct action.
With Bourns’ core manufacturing competencies in
precision injection molding, metal fabrication,
resistive ink development and high volume resistive
ink printing, we can cost-effectively meet your
application needs.
Simply contact your
local Bourns Sales
Representative to
start the process.
Bourns Advantage
Competitor
Bourns
Quote and
Purchase PCB
Fabrication
Place one
purchase order
for a Bourns
Integrated PCB
System and you’ll
have time to
concentrate on
what is
important: your
final product
Quote and
Purchase PCB
Components
Quote and
Purchase Discrete
Encoder
Potential
Delivery Issues
Stock Discrete
Encoder
Test Discrete
Encoder
Assemble and
Solder Discrete
Encoder
Test Final PCB
Assembly
Install into Final Product
Diagram1: The Bourns Advantage
24
Custom Solutions
Integrated Front Panels
An Integrated Front Panel (IFP) is a custom solution
designed by the Sensors and Controls Engineering
Group where a printed circuit board is populated
with encoders and additional components providing
the customer with a cost-effective solution.
“Integrated” refers to Bourns® contacting encoders
integrated directly onto the board, using the board
surface as the encoder element through a patented
process.
Previous applications
have included between
7 and 11 contacting
encoders on a surface
mount technology
(SMT) or a throughhole printed circuit
board. An advantage of
this technology is the opportunity to upgrade to
SMT versus a through-hole design. IFPs can be
designed with either front mounted encoders or rear
mounted encoders allowing for extra space to
accommodate additional components. This design
versatility allows for higher component density,
freeing up valuable board real estate. IFP systems
provide a simplified, cost-effective “plug and play”
solutions for our customers.
The IFP System Advantage
The Engineering Group at the Sensors and Controls
Division has developed a cost-effective and time
saving custom solution for you. IFP provides you
with a total solution: integrating the encoders
directly to your printed circuit board, populating the
board with additional components, testing the final
product, and delivering the total package to you.
The IFP System gives you an advantage over your
competitor by allowing you to place one purchase
order and receive one
shipment. All you do is
plug it into your system
and turn it on. (See
Diagram 1 on page 24.)
Partnerships with our Customers
As part of a joint effort to solve a customer assembly
problem, Bourns designed and developed custom
integrated encoders that mount directly onto the
customer’s printed circuit board. This process and
technology are now available for all customers.
Available in three versions, front mount, front
mount with push momentary switch, and rear
mount, Bourns can efficiently reconfigure your
current printed circuit board from a through-hole
design to a surface mount version and integrate
encoders as part of the circuit board.
This custom encoder solution provides long
operating life, consistent feel, and space saving
benefits. Produced in ISO certified manufacturing
facilities, Bourns provides full turnkey service with
procurement and total assembly of all your discrete
electronic components, along with our integrated
encoders. We ship a fully tested and assembled unit,
truly a plug and play solution. Additional
information can be found in the section entitled
“Data Sheets.”
If you currently use three or more encoders on your
panel design, we can customize an IFP to your
specifications. Contact your local Bourns Sales
Representative today.
Cursor Control
A Cursor Control is a
solid, ceramic two-axis or three-axis force sensor
based on a thick film technology innovation. This
revolutionary design provides a distinct linear
output in all three axes, resulting in smooth motion
control. The compact size is ideally suited for
applications where space is a major constraint. This
family of sensors addresses emerging customer needs
for long life and reliability with a very attractively
priced product offering.
NOTE: Cursor Control products, previously offered by
Bourns, are now available through Synaptics Inc., San
Jose, CA. For additional information, please visit their
website at www.synaptics.com.
25
A P P L I C AT I O N N O T E S
26
Application Notes
Potentiometers
rating indicates to the circuit designer how much
power may be safely dissipated without harm to the
device.
Performance Characteristics
The following section discusses various performance
characteristics to be considered when selecting a
potentiometer along with typical applications and
basic circuit configurations.
Power Rating
Power rating is the maximum heat that can be
dissipated by a potentiometer under specified
conditions with certain performance requirements.
Heat (or power) dissipation is the result of current
passing through a resistance. The useful life of a
given potentiometer is directly related to the
maximum temperature allowed in the interior of the
unit. Above a certain internal temperature, insulating
materials begin to degrade. A maximum power
Models
39
50 Series
80 Series (81, 82, 85, 86)
80 Series (83, 84)
90 Series
3310
3851, 3852, 3856
3862
PCW
PDA17
PDB12
PDB18
PTV09
PTV111/PTT111
PTV142
PTD90/PTR90
PDV
PTA
PTB
Taper Codes
1
B
A, H, B, E
A, H, B, E
J, K
A, H, B, E
Linear only
A, H, B, E
A, H, B, E
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
2
D
C, D, S
C, D, S
3
G
F, G, T
F, G, T
C, D, S
F, G, T
C, D
C, D
D
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
F, G
F, G
G
4*
Notes:
• Please refer to the datasheets for more information on taper codes
• *Custom parts only
• All precision potentiometer models are available in linear only.
• “S” taper and other tapers are available by special order.
Taper
A taper is defined as the output curve of resistance,
measured between one end of the element and the
wiper. It is expressed in percent of total resistance
versus percent of effective rotation. Sensors and
Controls precision wirewound products and
precision single-turn potentiometers are available in
linear taper only. Linear taper is the percent of
effective electrical clockwise rotation equal to the
percent of voltage ratio output, creating a linear
output. Audio taper produces a change in output on
a logarithmic scale giving the human ear the
perception of sound intensity increasing in a linear
mode. All other Bourns® potentiometers are
available in a variety of standard tapers, including
audio and reverse audio. Custom tapers are available;
consult the factory for complete details and
minimum order quantities. Table 1 provides an easy
reference for taper codes on all Bourns® panel
control models. Figure 1 shows the most frequently
requested tapers ranked by most popular:
1 = linear taper
2 = audio or log taper
3 = reverse audio or reverse log taper
4 = modified linear or “S” taper
4
3
2
1
Table 1: Taper Codes by Model
Figure 1: Popular Tapers
27
Application Notes
Temperature Coefficient of Resistance
The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) is an
indication of the maximum change in total
resistance that may occur due to a change in ambient
operating temperature. This parameter is normally
specified in parts per million per degree Celsius
(PPM/°C). Temperature coefficient is dependent on
the type of material used to construct the resistive
element and the physical structure of the unit.
Potentiometers constructed with cermet, conductive
plastic or carbon elements typically have a higher
temperature coefficient than those constructed with
wirewound elements by approximately twice the
value.
contact resistance variation (CRV). The rule of
thumb for selecting the wiper load is to use the ratio
of total resistance (RT) to wiper load (RL) of 1:100
or higher (see Figures 2 and 3.)
The following tables will guide you in selecting the
correct type of potentiometer for your application.
Wiper Load
The wiper load must always be specified carefully, as
it has a great effect on the wiper output. Unless
otherwise specified, Bourns assumes the resistance
wiper load to be at least 100 times the value of the
potentiometer per the industry standard. In
specifying the wiper load, keep in mind that if the
current load is too high, linearity will degrade. With
conductive plastic elements, excessive wiper load will
increase the negative effects of contact resistance and
Figure 3: Linearity Affected by Load
Figure 2: Error Due to Wiper Loading
28
Application Notes
Precision Potentiometers
2
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
4
1
4
Resistance Range
Resistance Tolerance
Temperature Coefficient
Power Dissipation
Noise/CRV
Resolution
Adjustability
Moisture Stability
Linearity
Rotational Life
Power Rating
Relative Price
L
L
M
L
M
M
M
H
M
H
L
L
L
L
L
M
M
M
H
H
H
L
L
L
L
L
M
M
M
M
H
H
L
Reg Power Supply
Voltage Control
RC Freq Control
(Calibrated)
RCL Bridge Null
Control
Sweep Delay
Control
Wirewound
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
Shaft Angle Sensor
Hybitron®
2
3
3
3
2
1
2
2
2
1
4
3
Characteristics
Multiple-Input
Position Sensor
Conductive Plastic
1
2
2
1
3
1
2
1
2
4
3
2
Typical Applications
Closed-Loop Servo
Cermet
Element Technology
M
M
M
L
L
M
M
H
H
H
L
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
H
L
L
H
H
M
L
M
M
M
H
H
L
M
M
M
M
M
H
H
M
H
H
L
Table 2 lists the
important
performance
characteristics of
precision
potentiometers with
an element
technology guide
along with typical
applications that
will be encountered.
Characteristic importance factors:
L=Low, M=Moderate, H=High
Element technologies are
ranked 1 to 5; 1 is best
Table 2: Performance Characteristics of Precision Potentiometers
Panel Control Potentiometers
Element technologies are
ranked 1 to 5; 1 is best
M
L
L
M
L
L
L
L
L
H
H
M
M
M
L
H
H
H
M
M
H
L
L
L
L
H
L
L
L
L
L
H
M
Amplifier Gain
H
L
L
L
H
L
M
L
M
H
L
CRT Focus
Resistance Range
Resistance Tolerance
Temperature Coefficient
Power Dissipation
Noise/CRV
Resolution
Adjustability
Moisture Stability
Linearity
Rotational Life
Power Rating
Relative Price
Trace Position
2
3
3
4
2
1
1
3
3
1
1
3
RC Freq Control
(Uncalibrated)
Universal Motor
Speed Control
Hybitron®
3
5
5
5
3
1
4
5
2
4
3
1
Characteristics
Triac Control
Conductive Plastic
2
2
2
2
4
1
3
1
3
3
1
2
Typical Applications
Balance Control
Cermet
Element Technology
M
M
L
M
H
H
H
M
M
H
L
H
L
L
L
L
H
M
M
L
M
H
L
L
L
L
H
M
M
M
M
H
L
Table 3 lists the
important
performance
characteristics of
panel control
potentiometers with
an element
technology guide
along with typical
applications that
will be encountered.
Characteristic importance factors:
L=Low, M=Moderate, H=High
Table 3: Performance Characteristics of Panel Control Potentiometers
29
Application Notes
Potentiometers
Typical Applications and Circuit Configurations
The following section will familiarize you with the
two basic ways in which a potentiometer is applied
in a circuit: voltage divider mode and rheostat mode.
Voltage Divider Mode
A resistive voltage divider provides an output voltage
in reduced proportion to the voltage applied to its
input. In its simplest form, it consists of two
resistances in series. The input voltage is applied
across the total circuit and the output voltage is
developed across one of the individual resistances. A
potentiometer can act as a variable voltage divider
with the resistive element substituted for the two
resistances. The wiper provides an adjustable output
voltage. The basic variable voltage divider circuit is
shown in Figure 4. An input voltage is applied across
the entire resistive element. The output voltage is
developed across the lower portion of the element
between the wiper and one end of the resistive
element.
Figure 5: Rheostat Circuit
CAUTION: CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC AND
HYBRITRON® ELEMENTS SHOULD BE APPLIED
IN VOLTAGE DIVIDER CIRCUITS ONLY.
Some typical applications for precision
potentiometers are listed below along with circuit
configurations and application details.
Closed-Loop Servo
As a remote shaft position control, the operator
moves the panel control to calibrated setting for
desired shaft position. The servo potentiometer
moves with the panel control shaft to the new
balance setting. The input may also be some other
signal or sensing device. The motion may be rotary
or translatory. Examples are servo-driven meter
replacing sensitive D’Arsonval movement, X-Y
plotter drives, control surfaces, etc. See Figure 6.
Figure 4: Voltage Divider Circuit
Rheostat Mode
Many applications use the variable resistance
between the wiper and one end terminal as a method
of current adjustment. This two terminal method of
connection is frequently referred to as the rheostat
mode. Figure 5 illustrates the basic rheostat circuit.
The choice of input and output terminals is arbitrary
since the potentiometer, when applied as a current
control, is a two-terminal device.
30
Figure 6: Closed-Loop Servo Circuit
Application Notes
Multiple-Input Position Sensor
In this application, a multiple-input circuit takes
outputs from two or more position-indicating
potentiometers, resulting in a control voltage output
proportional to the sum of the shaft positions. The
selected series resistor value must be large compared
to potentiometer value for maximum accuracy.
Different resistors give weighted sums while opposite
polarities give differences. See Figure 7.
Regulated Power Supply Voltage Control
A regulated power supply control uses a highly linear
10-turn precision potentiometer. A digital turnscounting dial can be used to indicate the output
voltage. See Figure 9.
Figure 9: Regulated PS Voltage Control Circuit
Figure 7: Multiple-Input Position Sensor Circuit
Shaft Angle Sensor
As a shaft angle sensor, the shaft position or
direction indicator for rotatable antenna, control
surface, valve, tool, etc. The position signal may be
indicated, displayed or used to control some related
function. See Figure 8.
RC Frequency Control (Calibrated)
A frequency control in a bridge oscillator requires
that the two potentiometers track each other closely.
Good linearity is necessary if a calibrated dial is to be
used. Wirewound potentiometers work well for
frequencies up to a few tens of kHz. At higher
frequencies, winding inductance causes problems
dictating use of film elements. The resolution of
wirewound potentiometers should be considered at
the low R (high frequency) end of rotation. Both
potentiometers are controlled with a single shaft. See
Figure 10.
Figure 8: Shaft Angle Sensor Circuit
Figure 10: RC Frequency Control Circuit
31
Application Notes
RCL Bridge Null Control
In this application, the precision potentiometer is
used as a dissipation factor dial in a capacitance
bridge, and is used in conjunction with a calibrated
dial. This application requires the use of a closely
controlled output function characteristic found in
the precision potentiometer. See Figure 11.
Some typical applications for panel control
potentiometers are listed below along with circuit
configurations and application details.
Audio Frequency Balance Control
A stereo balance control usually requires a pair of
non-linear panel control elements with opposite
tapers (log and reverse log), or special elements in
which no resistance change takes place over half
rotation. The panel control is normally a dual cup
unit controlled by a single shaft. See Figure 13.
Figure 11: RCL Bridge Null Control Circuit
Sweep Delay Control
When used as a sweep delay control in an
oscilloscope or other types of test instrumentation,
the 10-turn precision potentiometer requires precise
linearity so that the turns-counting dial reading can
be accurately converted to a time interval. See Figure
12.
Figure 13: AF Balance Control Circuit
Triac Control
In this application, the panel control is used as a
triac load control (i.e., light dimmer) using a
rheostat configuration. The principal concern in this
application is wiper current or power dissipation and
voltage rating. See Figure 14.
Figure 12: Sweep Delay Control Circuit
Figure 14: Triac Control Circuit
32
Application Notes
RC Frequency Control (Uncalibrated)
A panel control can be used as a frequency selector
in a square-wave generator. In this application, the
panel control is configured as a rheostat with wiper
current highest at high frequencies (low R). See
Figure 15.
Trace Position
Used in vertical position control or trace position
control for oscilloscope amplifiers, the panel control
wiper current is nil in the center, but increases
toward each end. Unless limited by specification,
CRV may impair adjustability near the ends of
rotation. Both panel controls are normally controlled
with a single shaft. See Figure 17.
Figure 15: RC Frequency Control Circuit
Universal Motor Speed Control
In this application, the panel control is normally a
wirewound in a rheostat configuration capable of
substantial wiper current and power dissipation. For
higher power motors, the potentiometer is
augmented by an SCR. Variable rate of speed change
can be accomplished by non-linear potentiometers.
Bi-directional speed controls can be accomplished by
the addition of a switch. See Figure 16.
Figure 17: Trace Position Circuit
CRT Focus
In this application, the panel control is used as a
focus control for a cathode ray tube (CRT). With no
DC load present, there is also no wiper current.
Attention must be given to the high voltage rating of
the control as it may have several hundred volts
across the element and operate at several thousand
volts from ground. See Figure 18.
Figure 16: Motor Speed Control Circuit
Figure 18: CRT Focus Circuit
33
Application Notes
Encoders
Amplifier Gain
A panel control can be used as a gain
control in an op-amp circuit. The gain is
determined by the resistance ratio A =
RFB / RIN. See Figure 19.
Performance Characteristics
Operating Temperature
Operating temperature refers to the temperature
range at which the encoder can be dynamically
operated while remaining within specifications.
Contacting encoders typically have a much wider
operating temperature range than optical encoders.
Contact Resistance
Contact resistance refers to the resistance between
contacting mechanical parts used to create the digital
output signal. Low contact resistance is desirable in
most applications. Encoders constructed from noncontacting technology do not have contact
resistance.
Figure 19: Amplifier Gain Circuit
Resolution
Resolution refers to the number of electrical pulses
per shaft revolution that an encoder produces as a
digital output signal. Incremental and absolute
contacting encoders are generally limited to low
resolutions depending on the materials used in their
construction. Optical encoders have a much higher
resolution in comparable package sizes.
Table 4 lists the important
performance characteristics of
encoders with a technology guide
along with typical applications that
will be encountered.
Encoders
Typical Applications
Element
technologies are
ranked 1 to 2; 1
is best
34
Test &
Measurement
Professional
Audio
Factory
Automation
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
Medical
Instrumentation
Non-Contacting
(Optical)
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
Characteristics
Automotive
Contacting
(Mechanical)
Encoder
Technology
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Operating Speed (RPM)
Contact Resistance
Resolution (PPR)
Moisture Stability
Rotational Life
Relative Price
H
H
M
M
M
H
H
M
M
M
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
M
H
M
L
L
M
M
M
L
H
M
M
H
M
M
H
H
Characteristic importance factors:
L=Low, M=Moderate, H=High
Table 4: Performance Characteristics of
Encoders
Application Notes
Encoders
General Application Information
Some general application information that should be
considered by designers:
• Encoders should be operated within the
recommended operating conditions. Electrostatic
discharge (ESD) precautions should be observed at
all times with non-contacting type encoders due to
possible damage to the internal electronics.
• Care should be taken to provide adequate current
at the proper voltage to the encoder.
• Line drivers should be used when connecting to
long leads, low-impedance loads, or capacitive
loads. Long leads on the output have an associated
capacitance, which can degrade high-frequency
signals.
• Care should be exercised when attaching the
encoder to a heat-generating device, such as a
motor, to prevent damage to the encoder. The
maximum temperature of the heat-generating
surface or the free ambient airspace, whichever is
greater, should be considered for selection of a
suitable encoder with adequate
operating temperature range.
Signal Conditioning
Most applications where rotary contacting encoders
are used require the use of filters to condition the
digital output signal. Commercially available
integrated circuits (IC) or programmable logic chips
(PLC) provide the proper debounce and noise
filtration. Another alternative for signal conditioning
is software programming.
The use of debounce filters is recommended with all
contacting encoder models to avoid miscounts that
may be caused by wiper bounce. Our optical encoder
does not require the use of debounce filters due to
signal conditioning already provided by the custom
designed application specific integrated circuit
(ASIC) used in construction of the device.
Debounce filters such as the MC14490 Hex Contact
Bounce Eliminator manufactured by ON
Semiconductor can be used to eliminate encoder
contact bounce. The diagram in Figure 20 shows a
typical circuit configuration for encoder debounce
filtering. For additional information and
specification sheet for this device, visit ON
Semiconductor’s website at http://www.onsemi.com.
Note: This device was formerly manufactured by
Motorola.
• Exceeding the maximum
mechanical speed of the encoder
may cause permanent damage to
the encoder. Exceeding the
maximum electrical speed may
result in incorrect data or signal
error.
Figure 20: Typical Debounce Circuit Configuration
• Noise in the input power supply or the outputs of
an encoder may cause application problems. Some
of the common means of minimizing such noise are
grounding, twisted pairs, shielded or isolated leads,
and signal conditioning.
35
Application Notes
Incremental encoders can also be used to drive
standard up/down counters. In such cases, we suggest
using interface ICs similar to the LS7083 and LS7084
Encoder to Counter Interface Chips manufactured by
US Digital. The diagram in Figure 21 shows a typical
circuit configuration for an encoder applied to drive
an up/down counter. For additional information and
specification sheet for these devices, visit US Digital’s
website at http://www.usdigital.com.
Figure 21: Up/Down Counter Driver Circuit
ENS Style Encoders
Radial Load Axial Load (lb) L10 Life (Hrs)
(lb)
Push
Pull
100 RPM 3,000 RPM
1.0
1
0
8.3 x 106
1.7 x 105
0.5
0
1
8.3 x 106
1.7 x 105
5
1.1 x 104
3.0
3
0
5.5 x 10
1.5
0
3
5.5 x 105
1.1 x 104
6
2.9 x 103
2.5
0
0
1.2 x 10
5.0
0
0
1.4 x 105
2.9 x 103
5
4
4.8 x 102
10.0
0
2.4 x 10
Notes:
1) Radial loads are assumed to be applied 1/2” from the front
mounting surface (FMS)
2) The static load rating (C0) is 10.7 lbs. for ENT and ENW styles
(1/8” shaft dia.) and 21 lbs. for ENS versions (1/4” shaft dia.).
3) If R=radial load, AP=axial push load and APL=axial pull load,
recommended loading limits are as follows:
2R + APL < C0 and,
R + AP <C0
Encoders
Application Information for EN Series Optical
Encoder
Bourns® optical encoder produces a 2-bit quadrature
signal that is suitable for digital systems where both
magnitude and direction of adjustment must be
provided. Utilizing solid-state electronics to create
the output signal, these encoders have no contacts
that will wear or create electrical noise. The optical
encoder is ideal as a digital panel control or a
position-sensing device in applications where long
life, reliability, accuracy, and high resolution are
critical.
Rotational Speed/Life
Most bushing mount encoders on the market are
limited to rotational speeds of 300 rpm and have a
rotational life of 10 x 106 revolutions. To increase
operating speed and life specifications, ball bearing
shaft supports are added. For high speed and/or
extended life applications, Bourns offers shaft ball
bearings in either bushing or flange mount versions.
With ball bearings, the EN series is capable of
operating speeds of 3000+ rpm with a rotational life
of up to 5 x 108 revolutions.
Shaft Loading
To accurately predict the rotational life of an
encoder, the end (axial) and side (radial) loading
forces should be understood. The relationship
between shaft loading and rotational life for the EN
series is expressed in the tables below. Life is shown
here in operating hours (of continuous rotation) at
the speed indicated.
Note: Life rating estimates are based on metal fatigue
failure criteria. Retention of lubricants may be a
limiting factor in extended life applications.
ENT and ENW Style Encoders
Radial Load Axial Load (lb) L10 Life (Hrs)
(lb)
Push
Pull
100 RPM 3,000 RPM
36
1.0
1
0
4.3 x 106
8.5 x 104
0.5
0
1
4.3 x 106
8.5 x 104
5
5.6 x 103
3.0
3
0
2.8 x 10
1.5
0
3
2.8 x 105
5.6 x 103
5
9.6 x 103
2.5
0
0
4.8 x 10
5.0
0
0
6.0 x 104
1.2 x 103
5
4
2.2 x 102
10.0
0
1.1 x 10
Application Notes
Moment of Inertia
To determine the rotational inertia for the EN series
encoder, use the appropriate formula from the table.
Encoder
Style
Description
Rotational Inertia
(g-cm2)
ENS
Ball bearing
1/4” dia. shaft
0.64 + 0.0102 x
shaft length modifier
ENT
Ball bearing
1/8” dia. shaft
0.15 + 0.0006 x
shaft length modifier
ENW
Ball bearing
1/8” dia. shaft
servo (flange)
mount
0.15 + 0.0006 x
shaft length modifier
ENA
Sleeve bearing
1/4” dia. shaft
0.58 + 0.0102 x
shaft length modifier
ENC
Sleeve bearing
1/8” dia. shaft
0.15 + 0.0006 x
shaft length modifier
Calculate the shaft length modifier as follows:
Express the desired shaft length (from the mounting
surface - FMS) in thirty-seconds of an inch, and then
subtract 28 from the numerator. The result is the
shaft length modifiers. For example:
A shaft length (FMS) of 5/8˝ is equivalent to 20/32.
The shaft length modifier is then equal to 20 minus
28, or -8.
Shafts
The EN Series encoder uses a precision-machined
metal shaft. The advantages of this feature are: 1)
dimensional accuracy, 2) shaft strength, and 3)
design flexibility. In addition to standard options,
shafts can be easily customized to application specific
requirements including special end features. It is also
possible to orient an end feature (such as a flatted
shaft) to correspond with the optional index channel
output. When specifying a shaft length, measure the
distance from the encoder mounting surface to the
desired shaft end. Do not specify from the point
where the shaft exits the bushing.
Shaft Torque
Torque is an important parameter sometimes
overlooked in the initial design phase. In panel
control (manual adjustment) applications, shaft
torque must be sufficient to provide the proper “feel”
or to insure setting stability. Conversely, in some
position feedback and motor driven uses, it is
important that torque be minimized.
Standard
Torque
Optional
Low Torque
Optional
Low Torque
ENS, ENT,
ENW
0.05 oz.-in. typ.
0.01 oz.-in. min.
(consult factory)
ENA, ENC
0.75 oz.-in. typ.
0.10 oz.-in. min.
10.0 oz.-in. max.
Models
Torque specifications available from Bourns
Shaft Interfacing
A number of different techniques have been
developed for transmitting linear or rotary motion
to an encoder. When selecting the appropriate
method, typical considerations are space, cost,
operating speed, side and end loading, accuracy and
cycle life. Choosing the optimum solution may
require some specification compromises. For
example, a shaft coupling device chosen to minimize
side loading for long cycle life may not provide the
best system accuracy.
Shaft couplers are commercially available flexible
couplers and can be the simplest means of directly
interfacing the encoder shaft with another shaft in
the system. Two important performance
considerations for couplers are:
1) the accuracy with which rotary motion is
transmitted to the encoder, (i.e., backlash of the
coupler) and
2) the ability to insulate the encoder from side and
end loading. Some commonly used flexible
couplers are shown below.
37
Application Notes
Belt and pulley arrangement can be used to transmit
rotary or linear motion to the encoder. Standard
timing belts or chains, round belts, wire fishing line,
etc., are commonly utilized. A pulley or gear can be
mounted directly to the encoder shaft. In some cases
it is necessary to reduce heavy side loading created
by belt tension. Adding a separate pulley with
suitable bearings and connecting the pulley shaft to
the encoder with a flexible coupling can accomplish
this.
Rack and pinion arrangement can easily transmit
linear motion to the encoder. The pinion can be
attached directly onto the encoder shaft.
Other methods of interfacing encoder shafts are:
• Tubing or springs pressed onto the shafts
• Interlocking shafts
• Rubber wheels
• Flatted shafts and receptacles
• Gear transmission systems
When choosing an interfacing technique, remember
that the accuracy of the encoder will be no better
than the accuracy of the transmission system.
38
Typical Interface Circuits
The EN Series Optical Encoder may be used as a
manual input device for digitally controlled
equipment such as CAD/CAM systems, electronic
test equipment, medical electronics,
instrumentation, computer peripherals and machine
tools. Typically, the encoder drives an up/down
counter and is used to control one or more
functions. Common applications include motor
speed control, cursor control, frequency setting,
amplifier gain adjustment and table positioning.
This device can also be used for position sensing
applications. In this case, a gear can be placed on the
encoder shaft allowing it to be interfaced with a
moving table, rotating shaft, stepping motor, etc.
Movement of the encoder shaft is translated into a 2bit quadrature signal, which (fed through a logic
circuit) allows the microprocessor to determine
changes in position. As a position feedback device,
there are a wide variety of possible uses for an
optical encoder including machine tools, plotters,
automated storage systems and robotics.
Application Notes
The logic circuits in Figures 22 and 23 illustrate two
techniques for interfacing a quadrature output
encoder with a system’s microprocessor.
Figure 22: Typical Circuit for Producing Direction
(up/down) and Magnitude (count) Signals
Figure 23: Typical Circuit for Producing Count Up and
Count Down Signal
If necessary, rise/fall times can be reduced using the
inverters as illustrated in Figure 24.
The typical switch time for the ASIC used in the EN
Series is 500 nanoseconds. In applications where
high-speed transition times are encountered, voltage
spikes may cause a code output error. To eliminate
the voltage spikes, we suggest placing a 0.01mf
capacitor in the circuit between Vcc and GND.
Figure 24: Circuit for Reducing Signal Rise/Fall Times
39
PRODUCT SELECTION
GUIDES
40
Multiturn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (inch)
Physical
Shape
Turns
Mounting
Shaft
Shaft
Shaft
Shaft
3751
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
Round
Round
Round
Round
11
12
13
Sealable to IP64
N/A
N/A
Blue
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Black
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Bushing
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Servo
Metal
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Color
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Standard Diameter in mm
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
Standard Diameter in inches
0.094
0.094
0.094
0.094
Dimensions Standard Length in mm
Plastic
3750
10
Snap in
Material
3701
Sealable to IP64
Sealable
Color
3700
17.45
17.45
9.53
9.53
Standard Length in inches
0.687
0.687
0.375
0.375
Standard Diameter in mm
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in inches
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Knurl
Rear Extension
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Torque Starting & Running
0.6 oz.-in. max.
0.6 oz.-in. max.
0.5 oz.-in. max.
0.5 oz.-in. max.
Metal
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Plastic
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Features
Bushing
Split Locking
Element
N/A
N/A
N/A
Wirewound
Standard
N/A
Standard
N/A
Hybritron®
N/A
Standard
N/A
Standard
Cermet
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
±5 %
±10 %
±5 %
±10 %
Maximum
3600 °
3600 °
3600 °
3600 °
Noise ENR
100 ohms max.
N/A
100 ohms max.
N/A
N/A
0.10 %
N/A
0.10 %
TR Tolerances
EEA
Output Smoothness
Terminal
PC Pins
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Solder Lug
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Rear
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Side
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
J-Hooks
Taper
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Linear
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linearity
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Repeatability of Dial Readout
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
41
Multiturn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Resistance
Options
Order
Guidelines
42
3750
3751
100
1K
100
1K
Max. Resistance (ohms)
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
Rotational (No Load)
Ganging Available
Special
3701
Min. Resistance (ohms)
Power Rating Watts
Life
3700
1
1
1
1
1M
4M
1M
10 M
1
1
1
1
Ball Bearings
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Cabling/Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
A/R Pin
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Special Linearity
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Slip Clutch
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Low Temp Lube
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Center Tap
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Quantity
50
50
50
50
Min. Special Order Quantity
100
100
100
100
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Multiturn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (inch)
Physical
Shape
Turns
Sealable
Color
Mounting
Shaft
Shaft
Dimensions
Plastic
Shaft
Shaft
Features
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
7/8
Round
Round
Round
Round
Round
Round
10
10
10
3
5
10
Sealable to IP65 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP65
Standard
Standard
Standard
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Bushing
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Servo
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Metal
Standard
Plastic
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Color
Metal/Blue
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Standard Diameter in mm
Standard Diameter in inches
6
6.34
6.34
6.34
6.34
6.34
0.249
0.249
0.249
0.249
0.249
0.249
Standard Length in mm
20.62
20.62
20.62
20.62
20.62
20.62
Standard Length in inches
0.812
0.812
0.812
0.812
0.812
0.812
Standard Diameter in mm
6
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.248
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Knurl
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Rear Extension
N/A
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Standard Diameter in inches
Flatted
0.5 oz.-in. max.
0.6 oz.-in. max. 0.6 oz.-in. max.
0.5 oz.-in. max.
0.5 oz.-in. max. 0.6 oz.-in. max.
Metal
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Wirewound
Standard
Standard
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Hybritron®
N/A
N/A
Standard
Optional
Optional
Standard
Cermet
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
±5 %
±5 %
±10 %
±5 %
±5 %
±3 %
1800 °
3600 °
Maximum
3600 °
3600 °
3600 °
1080 °
Noise ENR
100 ohms max.
100 ohms max.
N/A
100 ohms max.
Standard
100 ohms max. 100 ohms max.
N/A
N/A
0.1 %
N/A
N/A
PC Pins
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Solder Lug
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
0.1 %
Rear
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Side
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
J-Hooks
Taper
3500/3501
Standard
Output Smoothness
Terminal
3545
Optional
TR Tolerances
EEA
3543
Standard
Split Locking
Element
3541
Black
Shaft Torque Starting & Running
Bushing
3540
Blue
Snap in
Material
3590
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Linear
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linearity
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
±0.2 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Repeatability of Dial Readout
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
43
Multiturn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Resistance
Special
Options
Guidelines
44
3541
3543
3545
3500/3501
200
100
1K
20
50
50
Max. Resistance (ohms)
100 K
100 K
100 K
50 K
100 K
200 K
Rotational (No Load)
2.0
2
2
1
1.5
2
1M
1M
5M
300 K
500 K
2M
Multi-section
0
2
2
2
2
2
Ball Bearings
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Cabling/Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
A/R Pin
Standard
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special Linearity
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Slip Clutch
Order
3540
Min. Resistance (ohms)
Power Rating Watts
Life
3590
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Low Temp Lube
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Center Tap
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Quantity
50
25
50
50
50
50
Min. Special Order Quantity
500
500
500
500
500
500
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Multiturn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Physical
Mounting
Material
Shaft
Shaft
Shaft
Features
3680
1-13/16
3/4
7/8
N/A
Round
Round
Round
Square
Turns
10
10
10
N/A
Sealable to IP65
N/A
N/A
N/A
Blue
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Black
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Bushing
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Servo
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Metal
Standard
Clock Face
Digital Face
Push Button
Plastic
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Color
Metal
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
6.34
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in inches
0.249
N/A
N/A
N/A
20.62
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Length in inches
0.812
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Dimensions Standard Length in mm
Plastic
3610
Shape
Snap in
Shaft
3600
Package Diameter (inch)
Sealable
Color
3400
Standard Diameter in inches
Knurl
Rear Extension
Flatted
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Shaft Torque Starting & Running
2.0 oz.-in. max.
4.0 oz.-in.
4.0 oz.-in.
N/A
Metal
Standard
Clock Face
Digital Face
Push Button
Plastic
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Split Locking
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Wirewound
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
Hybritron®
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Bushing
Element
EEA
Cermet
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
TR Tolerances
±3 %
±5 %
±5 %
±3 %
Maximum
3600 °
3600 °
3600 °
N/A
Noise ENR
100 ohms max.
100 ohms max.
100 ohms max.
N/A
0.1 %
Output Smoothness
N/A
N/A
N/A
PC Pins
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
Standard
Rear
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Side
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
N/A
Linear
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linearity
±0.15 %
±0.5 %
±0.5 %
±1 %
N/A
.1 % VR
±5 % VR
N/A
Solder Lug
Terminal
J-Hooks
Taper
Repeatability of Dial Readout
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
45
Multiturn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Resistance
Special
Options
Order
Guidelines
46
3600
3610
3680
Min. Resistance (ohms)
100
100
100
50
Max. Resistance (ohms)
500 K
100 K
100 K
1M
Power Rating Watts
Life
3400
Rotational (No Load)
5
1.5
1.5
2
2M
200 K
50 K
75 K
Multi-section
2
0
0
5
Ball Bearings
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Cabling/Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
A/R Pin
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
Special Linearity
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Slip Clutch
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Low Temp Lube
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Center Tap
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Min. Order Quantity
25
50
50
50
Min. Special Order Quantity
500
500
500
500
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Single-Turn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Physical
Mounting
6534
6537
6538
6539
Package Diameter (inch)
1-1/16
7/8
7/8
7/8 BB
7/8
Shape
Round
Round
Round
Round
Round
Turns
1
1
1
1
1
N/A
Sealable to IP61
Sealable to IP61
Sealable to IP61
Sealable to IP61
Blue
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Black
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Bushing
Sealable
Color
3435
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Servo
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Metal
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Color
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Standard Diameter in mm
3.17
3.17
3.17
3.17
3.17
Standard Diameter in inches
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
0.125
Standard Length in mm
22.23
12.7
12.7
12.7
9.53
Standard Length in inches
0.875
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.375
Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
O-ring Shaft Seal
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Shaft Torque Starting & Running
0.2 oz.-in.
0.25 oz.-in.
0.5 oz.-in.
0.5 oz.-in.
0.5 oz.-in.
Metal
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Modifications
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Double Flatted
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Shorter
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Shaft
Bushing
Conductive Plastic
Wirewound
Element
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Total Resistance Tolerances
±3 %
±10 %
±10 %
±10 %
±15 %
Effective Electrical Angle
350 °
320 °
340 °
340 °
340 °
N/A
0.1 %
0.1 %
0.1 %
0.1 %
Output Smoothness (OPS)
PC Pins
Terminal
Taper
Solder Lug
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Rear
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Side
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Linear
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linearity, Standard
0.50 %
0.50 %
±1 %
±1 %
±2 %
Special Linearity
0.25 %
N/A
0.50 %
0.50 %
0.50 %
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
47
Single-Turn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Resistance
6537
6538
6539
50
1K
1K
1K
1K
Max. Resistance (ohms)
50 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
Rotational (No Load)
Multiple section
1.5
1
1
1
1
2M
25 M
10 M
20 M
10 M
8
4
N/A
N/A
N/A
Ball Bearings
N/A
Standard
Optional
Standard
Optional
Front Bearing
Standard
Standard
Optional
Standard
Optional
Rear Bearing
Standard
Standard
Optional
Standard
Optional
A/R Pin
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Special
Orientation @ Contact Spring
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Options
Low Temp Lube -40 °C
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Center Tap (Current)
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Cable/Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking Label
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special EEA
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special OPS on Shorter EEA
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Quantity
25
50
50
50
50
Min. Special Order Quantity
500
500
500
500
500
Order
Guidelines
48
6534
Min. Resistance (ohms)
Power Rating Power-Linear (watts)
Life
3435
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Single-Turn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (inch)
Physical
Shape
Turns
Sealable
Color
Shaft
6637
6638
6657
6574
6674
7/8
7/8
7/8
1-5/16
2
2
Round
Round
Round
Round
Round
Round
1
1
1
1
1
1
Sealable to IP65 Sealable to IP65 Sealable to IP64 Sealable to IP65 Sealable to IP64 Sealable to IP64
Blue
Standard
Standard
N/A
Standard
N/A
Black
Optional
Optional
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Aluminum
Mounting
6639
Bushing
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
Servo
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
Metal
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
Color
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
6.34
3.17
3.17
6.34
6.34
6.34
Standard Diameter in inches
0.249
0.125
0.125
0.249
0.249
0.249
Standard Length in mm
22.23
22.23
22.23
22.23
15.9
22.23
Standard Length in inches
0.875
0.875
0.875
0.875
0.625
0.875
Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
O-ring Shaft Seal
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Optional
Shaft Torque Starting & Running
0.5 oz.-in.
0.5 oz.-in.
0.25 oz.-in.
0.5 oz.-in.
0.75 oz.-in.
0.75 oz.-in.
Metal
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
Standard
Modifications
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Double Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Optional
Shorter
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Optional
Conductive Plastic
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Bushing
Wirewound
Element
Terminal
Total Resistance Tolerances
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
±10 %
±10 %
±10 %
±10 %
±10 %
Effective Electrical Angle
340 °
340 °
340 °
340 °
350 °
350 °
Output Smoothness (OPS)
0.1 %
0.1 %
0.1 %
0.1 %
0.1 %
0.1 %
PC Pins
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Solder Lug
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Rear
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Side
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
±2 %
±1 %
±1 %
±1 %
0.25 %
0.25 %
0.50 %
0.50 %
0.50 %
0.50 %
N/A
N/A
Linear
Taper
N/A
±15 %
Linearity, Standard
Special Linearity
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
49
Single-Turn Precision Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Resistance
6638
6657
6574
6674
1K
1K
1K
1K
1K
1K
Max. Resistance (ohms)
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
Rotational (No Load)
Multiple section
1
1
1
1
2
2
10 M
10 M
20 M
10 M
25 M
25 M
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4
10
Ball Bearings
Optional
Optional
Standard
Optional
Standard
Standard
Front Bearing
Optional
Optional
Standard
Optional
Standard
Standard
Rear Bearing
Optional
Optional
Standard
Optional
Standard
Standard
A/R Pin
Optional
Optional
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
Special
Orientation @ Contact Spring
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Options
Low Temp Lube -40 °C
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Center Tap (Current)
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Cable/Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking Label
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special EEA
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special OPS on Shorter EEA
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Quantity
50
50
50
50
25
25
Min. Special Order Quantity
500
500
500
500
500
500
Order
Guidelines
50
6637
Min. Resistance (ohms)
Power Rating Power-Linear (watts)
Life
6639
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter
Physical
Shaft
Bushing
Terminal
9 mm
1/2 inch
1/2 inch
Round
Round
Turns
1
1
1
Sealable
Sealable to IP67
Sealable to IP64
Sealable to IP65
Detents
N/A
N/A
N/A
Metal Shaft
N/A
Standard
Standard
Plastic Shaft
Standard
N/A
N/A
3.15
4.9
6.0, 4.0
Standard Diameter in inches
0.125
0.193
0.250, 0.125
Shaft Color
White
Metal
Metal
Metal Bushing
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic Bushing
Standard
N/A
N/A
No Bushing
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard Diameter in mm
6.35
6.0, 4.9
10.0, 7.0
Standard Diameter in inches
0.250
0.250
0.375, 0.250
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard Diameter in mm
Locking Bushing
Cermet
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
Hybritron®
N/A
N/A
N/A
J-Hooks
N/A
N/A
Standard
PC Pins
Standard
Standard
Standard
Solder Lug
Rear
Side
Life
Switch
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
Optional
Linear CP ±20 %
Standard
Standard
N/A
Linear CP ±10 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
CW Audio Cermet ±10 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
CCW Audio Cermet ±10 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
N/A
CW Audio CP ±20 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
N/A
CCW Audio CP ±10 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
Linear Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
±5 %
Independent Linearity
Power
N/A
Standard
Linear Cermet ±5 %
CCW Audio CP ±20 %
Rating
N/A
Standard
Linear Cermet ±10 %
CW Audio CP ±10 %
Resistance
3862
Square
Forward Facing
Taper
39
Shape
Conductive Plastic
Element
3310
±5 %
±5 %
Min. Resistance (ohms)
1K
5K
100
Max. Resistance (ohms)
1M
100 K
1M
Power-Linear Cermet (watts)
N/A
N/A
1.0
Power-Linear CP (watts)
0.25
0.25
N/A
Power-Audio Cermet (watts)
N/A
N/A
N/A
Power-Audio CP (watts)
N/A
0.125
N/A
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
50 K
Rotational (No Load)
50 K
50 K
Rotary Switch Available
Standard
Standard
N/A
Push Momentary Switch
N/A
Standard
N/A
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
51
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Multi-section
39
3862
2
N/A
N/A
Anti-rotation lug
Optional
Optional
Standard
Shaft End Features
Optional
N/A
Optional
Shaft Flat
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Maximum 2 inches (50 mm)
N/A
N/A
N/A
Dual Concentric Shaft
N/A
N/A
N/A
Electrical Angle Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Terminal Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Surface Mount
Torque
Wire Harness
N/A
Optional
Special
Connectors
N/A
N/A
Optional
Options
Extra Hardware
Optional
Optional
Optional
Mounting Bracket
N/A
N/A
N/A
Extended Life
N/A
N/A
N/A
Bushing Styles
Optional
Optional
Optional
Flatted
N/A
Optional
Optional
Double Flatted
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
Servo Mount
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Continuous Turn
N/A
N/A
N/A
Center Detent
N/A
N/A
N/A
Multiple Detents
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Qty - 1 & 2 cup
100
1,000
500
Min. Order Qty - 3+ cups
N/A
N/A
N/A
1,000
1,000
1,000
Low Temperature (-40 °C)
Center Tap
Order
Guidelines
52
3310
Min. Special Order Quantity
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (inch)
Shape
Physical
Turns
Sealable
Terminal
Rating
Life
Switch
1
1
1
Sealable to IP65
Sealable to IP65
Sealable to IP65
Optional
Optional
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
6.0, 4.0, 3.0
6.0, 4.0, 3.0
6.0, 4.0, 3.0
Standard Diameter in inches
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
Metal
Metal
Metal
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
No Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
Locking Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
10.0, 7.0, 6.0
10.0, 7.0, 6.0
10.0, 7.0, 6.0
Standard Diameter in inches
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
Conductive Plastic
Standard
Standard
Standard
Cermet
Standard
Standard
Standard
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
Hybritron®
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
J-Hooks
N/A
N/A
PC Pins
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Side
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear Cermet ±10 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear Cermet ±5 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Linear CP ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
CW Audio Cermet ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio Cermet ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
CW Audio CP ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
CW Audio CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio CP ±20 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
±10 %
±10 %
±10 %
Solder Lug
Rear
Independent Linearity
Power
1/2
Square
Standard
Linear Wirewound
Resistance
1/2
Square
Optional
Forward Facing
Taper
1/2
Square
Standard
Metal Bushing
Element
53
Metal Shaft
Shaft Color
Bushing
52
Detents
Plastic Shaft
Shaft
51
Min. Resistance (ohms)
150
150
150
Max. Resistance (ohms)
1M
1M
1M
Power-Linear Cermet (watts)
1.0
1.0
0.5
Power-Linear CP (watts)
0.5
0.5
0.5
Power-Audio Cermet (watts)
0.5
0.5
0.5
Power-Audio CP (watts)
0.25
0.25
0.25
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
25 K or 50 K
25 K or 50 K
25 K or 50 K
Rotary Switch Available
N/A
N/A
N/A
Push Momentary Switch
N/A
N/A
N/A
Rotational (No Load)
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
53
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Multi-section
52
53
6
6
6
Anti-rotation lug
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft End Features
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Flat
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Maximum 2 inches (50 mm)
Optional
Optional
Optional
Dual Concentric Shaft
Optional
Optional
Optional
Electrical Angle Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Terminal Length Variations
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Torque
Optional
Optional
Optional
Wire Harness
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special
Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Options
Extra Hardware
Optional
Optional
Optional
Mounting Bracket
Optional
Surface Mount
Optional
Optional
Extended Life
N/A
N/A
N/A
Bushing Styles
Optional
Optional
Optional
Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Double Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
Optional
Optional
Optional
Servo Mount
Optional
Optional
Optional
Low Temperature (-40 °C)
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Continuous Turn
Center Detent
Multiple Detents
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Qty - 1 & 2 cup
500
500
500
Min. Order Qty - 3+ cups
250
250
250
1,000
1,000
1,000
Center Tap
Order
Guidelines
54
51
Min. Special Order Quantity
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (inch)
Shape
Physical
Turns
Sealable
Detents
Metal Shaft
Plastic Shaft
Shaft
Power
Life
Switch
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
Square
Square
Square
Square
Square
Square
1
1
10
10
1
1
Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal Bushing
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
No Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Locking Bushing
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
Conductive Plastic
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Cermet
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Hybritron®
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
J-Hooks
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
PC Pins
Standard
N/A
Standard
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
Solder Lug
Rear
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Forward Facing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Side
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear Cermet ±10 %
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Linear Cermet ±5 %
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Linear CP ±20 %
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Linear CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
CW Audio Cermet ±10 %
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio Cermet ±10 %
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
CW Audio CP ±20 %
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
CW Audio CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio CP ±20 %
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
±5 %
±5 %
±0.25 %
±0.25 %
±5 %
±5 %
Independent Linearity
Rating
86
6.0, 4.0
Linear Wirewound
Resistance
85
N/A
Standard Diameter in inches
Taper
84
6.0, 4.0
Standard Diameter in mm
Terminal
83
N/A
Shaft Color
Element
82
6.0, 4.0
Standard Diameter in mm
Standard Diameter in inches
Bushing
81
Min. Resistance (ohms)
50
50
200
200
50
50
Max. Resistance (ohms)
1M
1M
100 K
100 K
1M
1M
Power-Linear Cermet (watts)
2.0
2.0
N/A
N/A
2.0
2.0
Power-Linear CP (watts)
1.0
1.0
N/A
N/A
1.0
1.0
Power-Audio Cermet (watts)
1.0
1.0
N/A
N/A
1.0
1.0
Power-Audio CP (watts)
0.5
0.5
N/A
N/A
0.5
0.5
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
1.0
1.0
N/A
N/A
Rotational (No Load)
100 K
100 K
1M
4M
25 K
25 K
Rotary Switch Available
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Push Momentary Switch
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
55
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Multi-section
82
83
84
85
86
4
4
3
3
4
4
Anti-rotation lug
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft End Features
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Flat
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Maximum 2 inches (50 mm)
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Dual Concentric Shaft
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Electrical Angle Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Terminal Length Variations
Optional
N/A
Optional
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Torque
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Wire Harness
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special
Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Options
Extra Hardware
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Surface Mount
Mounting Bracket
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Extended Life
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Bushing Styles
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Double Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Servo Mount
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Low Temperature (-40 °C)
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Continuous Turn
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Center Detent
Multiple Detents
Center Tap
Order
Guidelines
56
81
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Qty - 1 & 2 cup
500
500
250
250
250
250
Min. Order Qty - 3+ cups
250
250
100
100
N/A
N/A
1,000
1,000
500
500
1,000
1,000
Min. Special Order Quantity
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (inch)
Shape
Physical
Turns
Sealable
Detents
Shaft
91
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
5/8
Square
Square
Square
Square
Square
Square
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP61 Sealable to IP65 Sealable to IP61
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Plastic Shaft
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard Diameter in mm
6.0, 4.0
Life
Switch
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
Blue
Blue
Blue
Blue
Blue
Blue
Blue
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Plastic Bushing
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
No Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Locking Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
Conductive Plastic
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Cermet
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Hybritron®
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
J-Hooks
N/A
In-Line
N/A
L-Pattern
N/A
N/A
N/A
PC Pins
In-Line
N/A
L-Pattern
N/A
N/A
In-Line
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Triangle-Pattern
N/A
Triangle Pattern
Solder Lug
Rear
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Side
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear Cermet ±10 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear Cermet ±5 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Linear CP ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
CW Audio Cermet ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio Cermet ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
CW Audio CP ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
CW Audio CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio CP ±20 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
CCW Audio CP ±10 %
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
±5 %
±5 %
±5 %
±5 %
±5 %
±5 %
±5 %
Independent Linearity
Rating
N/A
Metal Bushing
Linear Wirewound
Power
99
N/A
Forward Facing
Resistance
96
5/8
Standard Diameter in inches 0.375, 0.250
Taper
95
Optional
Standard Diameter in mm
Terminal
94
Metal Shaft
Shaft Color
Element
93
Square
Standard Diameter in inches 0.250, 0.125
Bushing
92
Min. Resistance (ohms)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Max. Resistance (ohms)
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
2.0
Power-Linear Cermet (watts)
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
Power-Linear CP (watts)
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Power-Audio Cermet (watts)
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Power-Audio CP (watts)
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
100 K
Rotational (No Load)
Rotary Switch Available
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Push Momentary Switch
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
57
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Multi-section
Options
58
94
95
96
99
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft End Features
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Flat
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Maximum 2 inches (50 mm)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Dual Concentric Shaft
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Electrical Angle Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Terminal Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Torque
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Wire Harness
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Extra Hardware
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Mounting Bracket
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Extended Life
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Bushing Styles
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Double Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Low Temperature (-40 °C)
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Continuous Turn
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Center Detent
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Multiple Detents
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Center Tap
Guidelines
93
Optional
Servo Mount
Order
92
Anti-rotation lug
Surface Mount
Special
91
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Qty - 1 & 2 cup
500
500
500
500
500
500
500
Min. Order Qty - 3+ cups
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
Min. Special Order Quantity
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (inch)
Shape
Physical
Turns
Sealable
Detents
Shaft
Power
Rating
Switch
3/4
7/8
Round
Square
1
1
3-3/4
1
Sealable to IP65
Sealable to IP65
Sealable to IP65
N/A
Optional
N/A
Standard
N/A
Plastic Shaft
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard Diameter in mm
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
6.0, 4.0
N/A
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.125
0.250, 0.187
Black
Metal
Metal
Metal
Metal Bushing
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
Plastic Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Locking Bushing
No Bushing
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
10.0, 7.0
9.0
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
0.375, 0.250
N/A
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
Cermet
N/A
Standard
Standard
N/A
Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Hybritron®
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
J-Hooks
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
PC Pins
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Solder Lug
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Rear
Optional
Optional
Optional
Standard
Forward Facing
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Side
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear Cermet ±10 %
N/A
Standard
Standard
N/A
Linear Cermet ±5 %
N/A
Optional
Optional
N/A
Linear CP ±20 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Linear CP ±10 %
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
CW Audio Cermet ±10 %
N/A
Optional
Optional
N/A
CCW Audio Cermet ±10 %
N/A
Optional
Optional
N/A
CW Audio CP ±20 %
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
CW Audio CP ±10 %
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
CCW Audio CP ±20 %
Optional
N/A
N/A
Optional
CCW Audio CP ±10 %
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Linear Wirewound
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
±5 %
±10 %
±10 %
±10 %
Min. Resistance (ohms)
1K
100
100
500
Max. Resistance (ohms)
1M
1M
1M
1M
Power-Linear Cermet (watts)
N/A
2.0
2.0
N/A
Power-Linear CP (watts)
1.0
N/A
N/A
0.75
Power-Audio Cermet (watts)
N/A
1.0
1.0
N/A
Power-Audio CP (watts)
0.5
N/A
N/A
0.25
Wirewound
Life
3/4
Round
N/A
Independent Linearity
Resistance
3/4
Round
Standard
Conductive Plastic
Taper
PC
N/A
Standard Diameter in inches
Terminal
3856
Standard
Shaft Color
Element
3852
Metal Shaft
Standard Diameter in inches
Bushing
3851
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
100 K
50 K
50 K
50 K
Rotary Switch Available
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Push Momentary Switch
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Rotational (No Load)
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
59
Panel Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Multi-section
3852
3856
PC
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Anti-rotation lug
Standard
Standard
Standard
Optional
Shaft End Features
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Flat
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Shaft Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Maximum 2 inches (50 mm)
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Electrical Angle Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Terminal Length Variations
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Torque
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Dual Concentric Shaft
Surface Mount
Wire Harness
Optional
Optional
Optional
Special
Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Options
Extra Hardware
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Mounting Bracket
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Extended Life
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Bushing Styles
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Double Flatted
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Marking
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Servo Mount
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Continuous Turn
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Center Detent
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Low Temperature (-40 °C)
Multiple Detents
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Min. Order Qty - 1 & 2 cup
500
500
500
1,000
Min. Order Qty - 3+ cups
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
Center Tap
Order
Guidelines
60
3851
Min. Special Order Quantity
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Commercial Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (mm)
Shape
Physical
Shaft
Turns
Element
Terminal
Taper
PTV111/PTT111
PDB12
PTV142
9
9
12
12
14
Square
Square
Square
Round
Square
1
1
1
1
1
No
No
No
No
No
Detents
Center
Center
Center
Center
Center
Metal Shaft
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Plastic Shaft
Standard
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard Diameter in mm
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
Black
Metal
Black
Black
Black
Metal Bushing
Optional
Standard
Standard
Optional
Standard
No Bushing
Standard
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Locking Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
N/A
M7x0.75
M9x0.75
N/A
M9x0.75
Carbon
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
PC Pins
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Rear
Standard
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
N/A
Side
Standard
Optional
Standard
Standard
Standard
Linear ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Audio ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
±20 %
±20 %
±20 %
±20 %
±20 %
Min. Resistance (ohms)
1K
1K
1K
1K
1K
Max. Resistance (ohms)
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
0.5
Forward Facing
Independent Linearity
Resistance
PTD90/PTR90
Sealable
Shaft Color
Bushing
PTV09
Power
Power-Linear (watts)
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.2
Rating
Power-Audio (watts)
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.1
0.5
Life
Rotational (No Load)
10 K
10 K
10 K
15 K
15 K
Rotary Switch Available
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Multi-Section
N/A
8
N/A
2
2
Shaft End Features
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Standard
Switch
Shaft Flat
Standard
Optional
Standard
Standard
Special
Shaft Length
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Options
Pin Length
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Torque
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Optional
Extra Hardware
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Mounting Bracket
Optional
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Low Temperature (-40 °C)
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Center Tap
Order
Guidelines
N/A
N/A
Standard
N/A
N/A
Min. Order Quantity
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
Min. Special Order Quantity
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
61
Commercial Controls Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package Diameter (mm)
Physical
Shaft
Taper
12
10-30
15-60
45-100
Slide
Slide
Slide
Turns
1
1
1
1
1
Sealable
No
No
No
Dust Cover
Dust Cover
Detents
N/A
Optional
Center
Center
Center
Metal Shaft
N/A
Standard
Optional
Optional
Optional
Plastic Shaft
Standard
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
Black
Metal
White
White
White
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard Diameter in mm
No Bushing
Locking Bushing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
M7x0.75
M7x0.75
N/A
N/A
N/A
Carbon
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
PC Pins
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Rear
Standard
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Forward Facing
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Side
Standard
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
Linear ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Audio ±20 %
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
±20 %
±20 %
±20 %
±20 %
±20 %
Min. Resistance (ohms)
1K
1K
1K
1K
1K
Max. Resistance (ohms)
1M
1M
1M
1M
1M
Power
Power-Linear (watts)
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.125
Rating
Power-Audio (watts)
0.05
0.1
0.05
0.025
0.025
Life
Rotational (No Load)
Switch
15 K
15 K
10 K
15 K
15 K
Standard
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
Shaft End Features
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
Rotary Switch Available
Multi-Section
Shaft Flat
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
Special
Shaft Length
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Options
Pin Length
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Torque
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Extra Hardware
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Mounting Bracket
N/A
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Low Temperature (-40 °C)
Center Tap
Order
Guidelines
62
PTB
Round
Independent Linearity
Resistance
PTA
17
Standard Diameter in mm
Terminal
PDV
Round
Metal Bushing
Element
PDB18
Shape
Shaft Color
Bushing
PDA17
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Min. Order Quantity
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
Min. Special Order Quantity
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
50,000
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Industrial Encoders Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Physical
Shaft
Bushing
Terminal
Package (LxW)
0.375 mm x
without Shaft Length
0.375 mm
Sealable
Sealable to IP67
Switch Available
N/A
Detents
N/A
Material
Plastic
Standard Diameter in inches
0.125
Standard Diameter in mm
3.18, 2.39 flatted
5.59 mm;
12.7 mm;
Shaft Length (FMS)
19.05 mm
(w/bushing)
Plastic;
Material
Plated Brass
Standard Diameter in inches
0.250
Standard Diameter in mm
6.35
Configuration
Output Type
Resolution (pulses per rev.)
Rotational Speed (max.)
Operational Oper. Temperature Range
Information Rise/Fall Times
Contact Bounce (max.)
Contact Rating
Mounting Torque
Running Torque
Life
Special
Options
Order
Guidelines
3315
Rotational Life (shaft revs.)
Shaft End Features
Shaft Length 1 in. or longer
Shaft Flat
Anti-rotation lug
Extra Hardware
Servo Mount
Ball Bearing version
Index Channel (up to 128 ppr)
PC Mounting Bracket
Pin Length
Terminal Configuration
Cabling/Connectors
Low Temperature
Marking
Custom Resolution
Min. Order Quantity
Min. Special Order Quantity
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
3 Pin
ES
EPS
ECW
EAW
EN
.78 ” square
N/A
N/A
12, 24
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.874 x 1.061
x 0.496 ”
N/A
Standard
24
Plastic
N/A
4.8
0.874 x 1.122
x 0.585 ”
N/A
N/A
0, 12, 24, 36
Plastic
0.250, 0.187
6.0
0.940 x 1.10
x 0.596 ”
N/A
N/A
30, 36
Plastic
0.250
6.0
0.835 x 0.625
x 0.73 ”
Sealable to IP65
N/A
N/A
Stainless Steel
0.250, 0.125
N/A
N/A
15.2 mm
1/2 ” to 1-1/8 ”
19, 22 & 24 mm
3/4 ”
1/2 ” to 7/8 ”
Plastic
Plastic
Plastic
Plastic
0.375
9.52
N/A
9.0
N/A
9.0
N/A
9.0
3 Pin
5 Pin
3 Pin
10 Pin
Incremental
Incremental
Incremental
Incremental
2-bit gray code, 2-bit gray code, 2-bit gray code, 2-bit gray code,
quadrature
quadrature
quadrature
quadrature
output
output
output
output
Absolute,
unique gray
code output
6, 16
ppr
6, 9, 12, 24
ppr
6, 9, 12, 24, 36
ppr
6, 9, 12, 24, 36
ppr
30, 36, 128
ppr
120 RPM
120 RPM
120 RPM
120 RPM
120 RPM
-55 °C to +125 °C +1 °C to +125 °C -40 °C to +85 °C +1 °C to +125 °C
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
5 milliseconds
5 milliseconds
5 milliseconds
5 milliseconds
10 mA @ 10 VDC 10 mA @ 10 VDC 10 mA @ 10 VDC 10 mA @ 10 VDC
or 0.1 watt max. or 0.1 watt max. or 0.1 watt max. or 0.1 watt max.
4.0 lbs.-in. max.
+1 °C to +125 °C
N/A
2.7 milliseconds
10 mA @ 10 VDC
or 0.1 watt max.
7 lbs.-in. max.
7 lbs.-in. max.
7 lbs.-in. max.
7 lbs.-in. max.
5 oz.-in max.
N/A
0.75 to 2.25
oz.-in.
0.75 to 2.25
oz.-in.
0.75 to 2.25
oz.-in.
25,000 @ 16 ppr
100,000 @ 6 ppr
200,000
200,000
200,000
50,000
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
100
1,000
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
270
990
Optional
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
135
990
Optional
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
135
990
Optional
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
N/A
N/A
N/A
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
135
990
Aluminum;
Ni-Plated Brass
0.375; 0.250
N/A
5 Pin or Cables
with & without
connector
Incremental,
2-bit quadrature
output,
Index channel
optional
25, 50, 64, 100,
125, 128, 200,
256 ppr
200 RPM std.
3000 RPM w/
Ball Bearing
-40 °C to +85 °C
200 ns
N/A
26 mA @ 5 VDC
or 0.1 watt max.
15-18
lbs.-in. max.
0.1 to 1.5
oz.-in.
10 million std.
200 million w/
Ball Bearing
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
Optional
50
500
63
Commercial Encoders Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Package (LxW in mm)
without Shaft Length
Physical
Sealable
Switch Available
Shaft
Terminal
Guidelines
64
16 x 12.5 mm
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard
Standard
Standard
12, 24
12, 24
Plastic
Plastic
Standard Diameter in inches
N/A
0.250
0.250
Standard Diameter in mm
6.0
6.0
6.0
15, 20, 25 mm
17.5, 20, 22.5,
25, 30 mm
15, 20, 25, 30 mm
Material
Zinc
N/A
Zinc
Standard Diameter in inches
N/A
N/A
N/A
Standard Diameter in mm
M7
N/A
M9
Configuration
3, 5 Pin
3, 5 Pin
3, 5 Pin
Output Type
Incremental
2-bit gray code,
quadrature output
Incremental
2-bit gray code,
quadrature output
Incremental
2-bit gray code,
quadrature output
12, 18, 24 ppr
12, 24 ppr
12, 24 ppr
60 RPM
100 RPM
100 RPM
-30 °C to +70 °C
-10 °C to +70 °C
-10 °C to +70 °C
Information Rise/Fall Times
Order
12.4 x 13.2 mm
Zinc
Operational Oper. Temperature Range
Options
12.5 x 13.2 mm
18, 24
Rotational Speed (max.)
Special
PEC16
Material
Resolution (pulses per rev.)
Life
PEC12
Detents
Shaft Length (FMS)
Bushing
PEC11
N/A
N/A
N/A
Contact Bounce (max.)
5 milliseconds
5 milliseconds
5 milliseconds
Contact Rating
1 mA @ 5 VDC
1 mA @ 5 VDC
1 mA @ 5 VDC
Mounting Torque
10.2 kgf maximum
N/A
10.2 kgf maximum
Running Torque
50 to 200 gf-cm
30.6 to 204 g-cm
30.6 to 204 g-cm
30,000
30,000
100,000
Shaft End Features
N/A
N/A
N/A
Shaft Length 1 in. or longer
N/A
N/A
N/A
Shaft Flat
Optional
Optional
Optional
Anti-rotation lug
Optional
Optional
Optional
Extra Hardware
Optional
Optional
Optional
Servo Mount
N/A
N/A
N/A
Ball Bearing version
N/A
N/A
N/A
Index Channel (up to 128 ppr)
N/A
N/A
N/A
Rotational Life (shaft revs.)
PC Mounting Bracket
N/A
N/A
N/A
Pin Length
N/A
N/A
N/A
Terminal Configuration
Optional
Optional
Optional
Cabling/Connectors
Optional
Optional
Optional
Low Temperature
Optional
Optional
Optional
Marking
N/A
N/A
N/A
Custom Resolution
N/A
N/A
N/A
Min. Order Quantity
1,000
1,000
1,000
Min. Special Order Quantity
50,000
50,000
50,000
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Turns-Counting Dials Product Selection Guide
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Turns
Readout
Physical
H-23
H-46
H-490
0-15
0-15
0-20
0-30
Concentric Scale
Concentric Scale
Concentric Scale
Concentric Scale
25.4
Package Diameter (mm)
22
22
46
Depth (mm)
24
25
25
23
Division/Turn
50
50
100
100
Weight
Shaft
Part No./Shaft Diameter
Dimensions
POT/
Dial
Selection
H-22
Bourns Matching POTS
15 g
15 g
73 g
H-22-6A: 1/4 ”
H-22-6M: 6 mm
H-22-3A: 1/8 ”
H-23-6A: 1/4 ”
H-23-6M: 6 mm
H-23-3A: 1/8 ”
H-46-6A: 1/4 ”
H-46-6M: 6 mm
1/4 oz.
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
H-506
H-550
CT-23
CT-26
H-493-2:
H-494-2:
H-491-3:
H-492-3:
H-493-3:
H-494-3:
H-492-2:
1/8
1/8
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
”
”
”
”
”
”
”
Reliable Electronic Solutions
Specifications
Turns
Readout
Physical
0-11
0-10
0-10
Concentric Scale
Digital
Digital
Package Diameter (mm)
22
46
27
28
Depth (mm)
25
25
31.5
31.5
Division/Turn
50
100
500
500
Weight
7g
13 g
34 g
34 g
H-506-1/4: 1/4 ”
H-506-6M: 6 mm
H-550-6A: 1/4 ”
H-550-6A-1: 1/4 ”
CT-23-6A: 1/4 ”
CT-23-6M: 6 mm
CT-26-6A: 1/4 ”
CT-26-6M: 6 mm
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
3540S
3541H
3543S
3545S
3590S
Shaft
Part No./Shaft Diameter
Dimensions
POT/
Dial
Selection
0-15
Concentric Scale
Bourns Matching POTS
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
65
Hardware Selection Guide
Panel control mounting hardware is determined by bushing style. The "X" in the bushing style column indicates what hardware is used
with the bushing. Hardware indicated by a shaded area is normally supplied with unit. Other hardware may be ordered separately.
Hardware may be bulk packaged or individually packaged with units, depending on the model.
Bushing Style and Dimension
Part Number
and Description
A
B
C
E
F
J
L
U
N
R
3/8 ”
dia.
locking,
3/8 ” dia.
1/4 ”
dia.
locking,
1/4 ” dia.
1/4 ”
dia.
3/8 ”
dia.
9 mm
dia.
7 mm
dia.
1/4 ”
dia.
10 mm
dia.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
H-36-1 Flat Washer
H-36-2 Flat Washer
H-37-1 Lockwasher
H-37-2 Lockwasher
X
H-38-1 Mounting Nut
H-38-2 Mounting Nut
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
H-38-3 Lock Nut
X
H-38-4 Lock Nut
X
H-37-3 Lockwasher
X
H-37-4 Lockwasher
X
H-37-5 Lockwasher
H-38-8 M7 Mounting Nut
X
H-38-9 M10 Mounting Nut
X
H-38-11 M9 Mounting Nut
X
H-38-14 M6 Mounting Nut
H-W06-MM Flat Washer & Mounting Nut set (1 each)
H-W09-MM Flat Washer & Mounting Nut set (1 each)
Bushing Style and Dimension
Part Number
and Description
S
Model
EN
T
Model
3862
W
3310/
3315
6 mm
dia.
3/8 ”
dia.
1/4 ”
dia.
9 mm
dia.
1/4”
dia.
H-36-1 Flat Washer
PDA17 PDB18
PTD90 PTV111 PTV142
X
H-36-2 Flat Washer
H-37-1 Lockwasher
Model
S
Model
50
X
X
H-37-2 Lockwasher
X
X
H-38-1 Mounting Nut
X
X
H-38-2 Mounting Nut
X
X
H-38-3 Lock Nut
X
H-38-4 Lock Nut
H-37-3 Lockwasher
H-37-4 Lockwasher
X
H-37-5 Lockwasher
X
H-38-8 M7 Mounting Nut
H-38-9 M10 Mounting Nut
H-38-11 M9 Mounting Nut
H-38-14 M6 Mounting Nut
H-W06-MM Flat Washer & Mounting Nut set (1 each)
H-W09-MM Flat Washer & Mounting Nut set (1 each)
66
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Glossary of Terms
Absolute code
Binary code where only 1-bit changes logic state
from one angular position to the next (a.k.a. Gray
code).
ASIC
Application-specific integrated circuit
Backlash
The maximum difference in shaft position that
occurs when the shaft is moved to the same actual
output ratio point from opposite directions.
Code
The digital output signal produced by an encoder.
Conductive plastic (CP)
A binder or resin blended with carbon powder
and/or other conductive material. This material is
screened onto an insulating substrate to fabricate
resistive elements for potentiometers.
Binary
Two logical states (High, 1, true/Low, 0 false); the
basis of binary data-processing systems.
Contact resistance variation (CRV)
The variation in resistance between the wiper and
a non-wirewound resistive element when the
wiper is energized with a specified current and
moved over the electrical travel in either direction
at a specified speed (does not include the effects of
roll-on or roll-off).
Binary code
A specific code utilizing the binary numbering
system (i.e. “0” and “1”).
Cycles per revolution (CPR)
The number of full quadrature cycles per full shaft
revolution (360 mechanical degrees).
Bit
Cup
(incremental encoders) Refers to 1 quantum of
data or 1 increment of digital code. (absolute
encoders) Refers to the number of tracks which
normally equate to 2nth power, i.e., 8 bits = 2 8 =
256 discreet positions, likewise 12 bits = 2 12 =
4,096 discreet positions.
Carbon
A mixture of carbon powder and phenolic resin
that is sprayed, screened, or brushed onto a
phenolic or ceramic substrate.
Cermet
A mixture of metal particles, precious metal
oxides, glass powders, blended with a liquid
vehicle. This material is typically screened onto a
substrate (commonly ceramic) and fired at
temperatures that flow glass to fabricate resistive
elements for potentiometers.
A single mechanical section of a potentiometer. A
multi-cup potentiometer may contain one or more
sections, either electrical resistance elements or
switch modules.
Current tap
An electrical connection fixed to the resistance
element, which is capable of carrying, rated
element current and may distort the output
characteristic.
Electrical cycle
One complete four-state quadrature cycle. Each
cycle is divided into 360 electrical degrees (°e) and
can be decoded into 1, 2, or 4 counts, referred to as
X1, X2, or X4 resolution multipliers.
Electrical degree (°e)
1/360 of one full quadrature cycle.
67
Glossary of Terms
Dielectric withstanding voltage
Ability to withstand under prescribed conditions, a
specified potential of a given characteristic
between the terminals of each cup and the exposed
conducting surfaces of the potentiometer, or
between the terminals of each cup and the
terminals of every other cup in the potentiometer
without exceeding a specified leakage current.
Gang
An assembly of two or more cups on a common
operating shaft.
Effective electrical angle (EEA)
The total amount of angular input rotation over
which the output ratio actually varies.
Hybritron®
A hybrid element consisting of a wirewound
element with a conductive plastic coating; this
element will exhibit the stability characteristics of
a wirewound element with the long operational
life of a conductive plastic element.
Encoder
A device that produces a digital output signal;
typically an incremental quadrature, binary, or
absolute output signal. This device eliminates the
need for analog-to-digital (A/D) signal
conversion.
End resistance
The resistance measured between the wiper
terminal and end terminal with the shaft
positioned at the corresponding end of mechanical
travel.
End voltage (non-wirewound)
The voltage between the wiper terminal and an
end terminal when the shaft is positioned at the
corresponding theoretical end point. End voltage is
expressed as a percent of the total applied voltage.
End voltage (wirewound)
The voltage between the wiper terminal and an
end terminal when the shaft is positioned at the
corresponding end point. End voltage is expressed
as a percent of the total applied voltage.
Equivalent noise resistance (ENR)
The variation in resistance between the wiper and
a wirewound resistive element that occurs when
the wiper is energized with a specified current and
moved over the electrical travel in either direction
at a specified speed (does not include the effects of
roll-on or roll-off).
68
Gray code
Binary code where only 1-bit changes logic state
from one angular position to the next (a.k.a.
Absolute code).
Incremental
The repetitive pattern of logic states (High, 1,
true/Low, 0 false) in the output signal of an
encoder occurring with each successive electrical
cycle of resolution.
Index
The output signal of an index channel is normally
a single pulse per revolution. This output can be
used to indicate a “zero” or “home” position in the
shaft rotation. Adding an index channel to an
incremental encoder allows the encoder to provide
absolute position. (Also referred to as “Index
channel” and “Z-channel”)
Independent linearity
The maximum deviation of the actual wiper
output function from a straight reference line with
its slope and position chosen to minimize
deviations.
Interpolation
A multiplication technique used to increase
encoder resolution.
Insulation resistance
The resistance to a specified impressed DC voltage
between the terminals of each cup and the exposed
conducting surfaces of the potentiometer, or
between the terminals of each cup and the
terminals of every other cup in the potentiometer,
under prescribed conditions.
Glossary of Terms
Lateral runout
The perpendicularity of the mounting surface with
respect to the rotational axis of the shaft measured
on the mounting surface at a specified distance
from the outside edge of the mounting surface. The
shaft is held fixed and the body of the
potentiometer is rotated with specified loads
applied radial and axial to the body of the pot.
The lateral runout is expressed in inches, TIR.
Load
The ability of a component to dissipate rated
power for a specified length of time under specific
operating conditions while remaining within
allowable specifications.
Mechanical angle
The total travel of the shaft between integral stops;
in potentiometers without stops, the mechanical
travel is continuous.
Minimum resistance
The resistance measured between the wiper
terminal and any other terminal with the shaft
positioned to give the minimum value.
Noise
Any spurious variation in the electrical output not
present in the input.
Non-wirewound
A resistive element made by screening a film of
conductive plastic, cermet or carbon inks on a
substrate, which may be fabricated from ceramic,
phenolic or other type of insulator material.
Output ratio
The ratio of the output voltage to the designated
input reference voltage. Unless otherwise specified,
the reference voltage is the total applied voltage.
Output voltage
The voltage between the wiper and the designated
reference point. Unless otherwise specified, the
designated reference point is the CCW terminal.
Potentiometer
A variable resistive device used in applications,
which typically require frequent or even constant
adjustment.
Phase
The relationship between channel A and channel
B; the rising edge on channel A to rising edge on
channel B measured in electrical degrees (°e).
Phase reference point
The reference point on a potentiometer cup,
usually an output ratio or an intermediate tap.
The reference point is used to align the cups in a
multi-cup potentiometer.
Pilot diameter runout
The eccentricity of the pilot diameter with respect
to the rotational axis of the shaft, measured on the
pilot diameter. The shaft is held fixed and the
body of the potentiometer is rotated with a
specified load applied radial to the body of the pot.
The eccentricity is expressed in inches, TIR.
Power rating
The maximum power that a component can
dissipate under specified conditions while meeting
specified performance requirements.
PPR Pulses per Revolution
(see Resolution)
Quadrature
The square wave output code generated by an
incremental encoder. Normally, two output
channels out of phase by 90°e.
Output smoothness
A measurement of any instantaneous variation in
the electrical output not present in the input.
69
Glossary of Terms
Resolution (encoder)
The number of full quadrature cycles per full shaft
revolution (360 mechanical degrees). Each cycle
can provide 1, 2, or 4 counts (i.e., X1, X2, and X4
decoding or multiplication) depending on how the
signal is decoded. Resolution is normally stated in
pulses per revolution (PPR).
Resolution (potentiometer)
A measure of the sensitivity to which the output
ratio of the potentiometer may be set.
Rheostat
A variable resistor configured so that all the
current flows through the wiper.
Roll-on/Roll-off
The abrupt output voltage or resistance change
observed as the shaft is displaced from the end of
mechanical travel into the electrical travel.
Rotational life
The ability of a component to withstand a
specified number of cycles under specific operating
conditions while remaining within allowable
specifications.
Running torque
The rotational force required to sustain uniform
shaft rotation at a specified speed in the clockwise
or counterclockwise directions throughout the
mechanical travel.
Shaft
The mechanical input interface of the
potentiometer.
Shaft endplay
The total axial excursion of the shaft, measured at
the end of the shaft with a specified axial load
supplied alternately in opposite directions. Shaft
endplay is expressed in inches.
70
Shaft radial play
The total radial excursion of the shaft, measured
at a specified distance from the front surface of the
component. A specified radial load is applied
alternately in opposite directions at a specified
point. Shaft radial play is expressed in inches.
Shaft revolution
One complete 360° turn of the shaft of a rotary
encoder in a single direction.
Shaft runout
The eccentricity of the shaft diameter with respect
to the rotational axis of the shaft, measured at a
specified distance from the end of the shaft. The
body of the potentiometer is held fixed and the
shaft is rotated with a specified load applied radial
to the shaft. The eccentricity is expressed in inches,
TIR.
Solderability
The adhesion of molten solder to the terminals of
a component, producing a continuous coat of
solder without voids and pinholes under specified
conditions.
Starting torque
The rotational force required to initiate shaft
rotation of a rotary component in the clockwise or
counterclockwise directions anywhere in the
mechanical travel.
State
The logic levels generated in the output signal of a
digital component (High, 1, true/Low, 0 false).
Stop strength
The maximum load that can be applied to the
shaft at each mechanical stop for a specified period
of time without permanent change of the stop
positions greater than specified.
Glossary of Terms
Tap
An electrical connection fixed to an intermediate
point on the resistive element.
Taper
The output curve of resistance measured between
one end of the element and the wiper.
Temperature coefficient
The unit of change in resistance per °C
temperature of resistance (TC) change from a
reference temperature to a specified test
temperature, expressed in PPM/°C.
Total applied voltage
The total voltage applied between the designated
input terminals.
Voltage divider
A potentiometer configured in a circuit such that
the resistive element is substituted for two resistors
in series with the wiper providing an adjustable
output voltage.
Voltage tap
An electrical connection fixed to the resistive
element, which introduces no significant distortion
in the output characteristic. A voltage tap usually
has significant tap resistance and may not be
capable of carrying the rated element current.
Wirewound
A resistive element made from multiple turns of
wire around an insulated mandrel or cord.
Total resistance (TR)
The DC resistance between the end terminals with
the shaft positioned to give a maximum resistance
value.
71
Worldwide Sales Offices
Country
Phone
Fax
Benelux:
China:
France:
Germany:
Hong Kong:
Ireland:
Italy:
Japan:
Singapore:
Switzerland:
Taiwan:
UK:
USA:
+31-70-3004333
+86-21-64821250
+33-254-735151
+49-69-80078212
+852-2411 5599
+44-1276-691087
+39- 02-38900041
+81-49-269 3204
+65- 63461933
+41-41-7685555
+886-2-25624117
+44-1276-691087
+1-909-781-5500
+31-70-3004345
+86-21-64821249
+33-254-735156
+49-69-80078299
+852-2412 3611
+44-1276-691088
+39-02-38900042
+81-49-269 3297
+65- 63461911
+41-41-7685510
+886-2-25624116
+44-1276-691088
+1-909-781-5006
Non-Listed European
Countries:
+41- 41-7685555
+41- 41-7685510
Technical Assistance
Region
Phone
Fax
Asia-Pacific:
Europe:
North America:
+886-2-25624117
+41- 41-7685555
+1-909 781-5500
+886-2-25624116
+41- 41-7685510
+1-909 781-5700
www.bourns.com
Bourns® products are available through an extensive network of manufacturer’s representatives, agents and distributors.
To obtain technical applications assistance, a quotation, or to place an order, contact a Bourns representative in your area.
“Hybitron” is a registered trademark of Hybitron, Inc.
“Bourns” is a registered trademark of Bourns, Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
COPYRIGHT© 2003, BOURNS, INC. • LITHO IN U.S.A. • DP 04/03 • 15M/S0213