MCP73830/L Single-Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Charge Management Controllers in 2x2 TDFN Features: Description: • Complete Linear Charge Management Controller: - Integrated Pass Transistor - Integrated Current Sense - Integrated Reverse Discharge Protection • Constant Current/Constant Voltage Operation • High Accuracy Preset Voltage Regulation: – 4.20V + 0.75% • Programmable Charge Current: – MCP73830L: 20 mA – 200 mA – MCP73830: 100 mA – 1000 mA • Soft-Start to avoid In-Rush Current • Preconditioning: – 10% and no preconditioning • Fixed Elapsed Timer: 4 Hours • Fixed Preconditioning Timer: 1 Hour • Automatic Recharge: No Auto-Recharge is also available with Selected Options • Automatic End-of-Charge Control Termination: – 7.5% and 10% • Automatic Power-Down when Input Power Removed • Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) • Chip/Charge Enable Pin (CE) • Packaging: – TDFN-6 (2x2 mm) • Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C The MCP73830/L are highly integrated, Li-Ion battery charge management controllers for use in spacelimited applications. The MCP73830/L devices provide specific charge algorithms for single-cell Li-Ion/LiPolymer batteries to achieve optimal capacity and safety in the shortest charging time possible. Along with its small physical size, the low number of external components makes the MCP73830/L ideally suitable for portable applications. The MCP73830L employs a constant current/constant voltage charge algorithm. The minimum 20 mA regulated constant, fast-charge current enables the design in small Li-Ion batteries and low-supply current applications. The fast-charge, constant current value is set with one external resistor from 20 mA to 200 mA. The MCP73830/L allows up to 1000 mA charge current for applications that require faster constant current. The MCP73830/L provides a thermal foldback function that limits the charge current based on die temperature during high-power or high-ambient conditions. This thermal regulation optimizes the charge cycle time while maintaining device reliability. The MCP73830/L is fully specified over the ambient temperature range of -40°C to +85°C. The MCP73830/L is available in a 6 lead, TDFN package. Package Types (Top View) MCP73830/L 2x2 TDFN * Applications: • • • • VSS 1 Bluetooth Headsets Portable Media Players Rechargeable 3D Glasses Toy and Gaming Controllers STAT 2 6 PROG EP 7 VBAT 3 5 CE 4 VDD * Includes Exposed Thermal Pad (EP); see Table 3-1. TABLE 1: AVAILABLE FACTORY PRESET OPTIONS Charge Voltage Preconditioning Charge Current End-of-Charge Control Auto-Recharge 4.2V 10%/Disabled 7.5%/ 10% Yes/No 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005049D-page 1 MCP73830/L Typical Application MCP73830/L 4 VDD VBAT 3 + 4.7 µF 4.7 µF 2 Regulated wall cube STAT PROG 1 k Lo Hi 1-Cell Li-Ion Battery 6 2 k 5 CE VSS - 1 Functional Block Diagram Direction Control VDD VBAT PROG G=0.001 + CA VREF PRECONDITION + CHRG VREF VREF + - VA + UVLO + - CE TERM UVLO, Reference, Charge Control, Timer and Status Logic + - STAT VREF VREF VREF VDD VSS DS20005049D-page 2 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS † Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Absolute Maximum Ratings† VDD...................................................................................7.0V All Inputs and Outputs w.r.t. VSS ............... -0.3 to (VDD+0.3)V Maximum Junction Temperature, TJ ............ Internally Limited Storage temperature .....................................-65°C to +150°C ESD protection on all pins Human Body Model (1.5 kW in Series with 100 pF) 2 kV Machine Model (200 pF, No Series Resistance) .............300V DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all limits apply for VDD= [VREG(Typical) + 0.3V] to 6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +25°C, VDD = [VREG (Typical) + 1.0V] Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Input Voltage Range VDD Supply Current ISS Units Conditions 3.75 — 6 V — 0.6 2 µA Shutdown; VDD VSTOP - 300 mV — 500 900 µA Charging — 25 50 µA Standby; CE = VDD 10 15 µA Charge Complete; VDD is Present — 0.5 — µA Shutdown (VDD VBAT, or VDD < VSTOP) — 0.5 — µA Standby; CE = VDD Supply Input Battery Discharge Current Output Reverse Leakage Current IDISCHARGE Undervoltage Lockout UVLO Start Threshold VSTART 3.45 3.6 3.75 V VDD Low-to-High UVLO Stop Threshold VSTOP 3.15 3.3 3.45 V VDD High-to-Low UVLO Hysteresis VHYS — 300 — mV Voltage Regulation (Constant Voltage Mode) Regulated Output Voltage Options VREG — 4.20 — V VDD = [VREG(Typical)+1V] IOUT = 30 mA Output Voltage Tolerance VRTOL -0.75 — 0.75 % TA= -5°C to +55°C Line Regulation VBAT/VBAT)/ VDD| — 0.2 0.3 %/V Load Regulation VBAT/VBAT| — 0.2 0.3 % IOUT = 30 mA - 150 mA VDD = [VREG(Typical)+1V] 52 — dB IOUT = 30 mA, 10 Hz to 1 kHz 47 — dB IOUT = 30 mA, 10 Hz to 10 kHz Supply Ripple Attenuation Note 1: PSRR VDD = [VREG(Typical)+1V] to 12V IOUT = 30 mA Not production tested. Ensured by design. 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005049D-page 3 MCP73830/L DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all limits apply for VDD= [VREG(Typical) + 0.3V] to 6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +25°C, VDD = [VREG (Typical) + 1.0V] Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions Current Regulation (Fast Charge, Constant-Current Mode) Fast Charge Current Regulation MCP73830L IREG Fast Charge Current Regulation MCP73830 IREG Charge Current Tolerance IRTOL 20 — 200 mA — 20 — mA PROG = 10 k — 200 — mA PROG = 1 k 100 — 1000 mA — 100 — mA PROG = 10 k — 1000 — mA PROG = 1 k — 10 — % VDD = 4.5V, TA = -5°C to +55°C Preconditioning Current Regulation (Trickle Charge Constant Current Mode) Precondition Current Ratio IPREG/IREG — 10 — Precondition Voltage Threshold Ratio VPTH/VREG 70 VPHYS ITERM/IREG — % PROG = 1 kto 10 k 100 — % No Preconditioning 72 75 % VBAT Low-to-High TA = -5°C to +55°C — 100 — mV 5.6 7.5 9.4 % PROG = 1 kto 10 k 8 10 12 % VDD = 4.5V, TA=-5°C to +55°C 94.5 96.5 98.5 % — 0 — % VBAT High-to-Low No Automatic Recharge RDSON — 500 — m Sink Current ISINK — 16 30 mA Low Output Voltage VOL — 0.4 1 V ISINK = 4 mA Input Leakage Current ILK — 0.01 1 µA High Impedance, VDD on Pin RPROG 1 — 10 k VPDENTRY — VBAT + 50 mV — V VDD Falling VPDEXIT — VBAT + 150 mV — V VDD Rising Input High Voltage Level TSD 1.5 — — V Input Low Voltage Level VIL — — 0.8 V Input Leakage Current ILK — 5 8 µA Precondition Hysteresis Charge Termination Charge Termination Current Ratio Automatic Recharge Recharge Voltage Threshold Ratio VRTH/VREG Pass Transistor ON-Resistance ON-Resistance VDD = 4.5V, TJ = 105°C (Note 1) Status Indicator – STAT PROG Input Charge Impedance Range Automatic Power Down Automatic Power Down Entry Threshold Automatic Power Down Exit Threshold Charge Enable (CE) Note 1: VDD = 5V TA= -5°C to +55°C Not production tested. Ensured by design. DS20005049D-page 4 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L DC CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all limits apply for VDD= [VREG(Typical) + 0.3V] to 6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +25°C, VDD = [VREG (Typical) + 1.0V] Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Units Die Temperature TSD — 150 — C Die Temperature Hysteresis TSDHYS — 10 — C Conditions Thermal Shutdown Note 1: Not production tested. Ensured by design. AC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise specified, all limits apply for VDD= [VREG(Typical)+0.3V] to 6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +25°C, VDD= [VREG(Typical)+1.0V] Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions tELAPSED 3.5 4.0 4.5 Hours tPRECHG 0.8 1 1.2 Hours Status Output Turn-Off tOFF — — 500 µs ISINK = 1 mA to 0 mA (Note 1) Status Output Turn-On tON — — 500 µs ISINK = 0 mA to 1 mA (Note 1) Elapsed Timer Elapsed Timer Period Preconditioning Timer Preconditioning Timer Period Status Indicator Note 1: Not production tested. Ensured by design. TEMPERATURE SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise indicated, all limits apply for VDD = [VREG (Typical) + 0.3V] to 6V. Typical values are at +25°C, VDD = [VREG (Typical) + 1.0V] Parameters Sym. Min. Typ. Max. Units Specified Temperature Range TA -40 — +85 °C Operating Temperature Range TJ -40 — +125 °C Storage Temperature Range TA -65 — +150 °C JA — 91 — °C/W JC — 19 — °C/W Conditions Temperature Ranges Thermal Package Resistances Thermal Resistance, TDFN-6 (2x2) 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. 4-Layer JC51-7 Standard Board, Natural Convection DS20005049D-page 5 MCP73830/L 2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = [VREG(Typical) + 1V], IOUT = 30 mA and TA= +25°C, Constant Voltage mode. FIGURE 2-1: Battery Regulation Voltage (VBAT) vs. Supply Voltage (VDD). FIGURE 2-4: Battery Regulation Voltage (VBAT) vs. Charge Current (IOUT). 4.30 4.25 VREG (V) 4.20 4.15 4.10 4.05 IOUT = 100 mA VDD = 5.2V 4.00 -45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Temp (°C) FIGURE 2-2: Battery Regulation Voltage (VBAT) vs. Ambient Temperature (TA). FIGURE 2-5: Charge Current (IOUT) vs. Programming Resistor (RPROG), MCP73830L. 4.30 4.25 IDIS (µA) VREG (V) 4.20 4.15 4.10 4.05 IOUT = 30 mA VDD = 5.2V 4.00 -45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Temp (°C) FIGURE 2-3: Battery Regulation Voltage (VBAT) vs. Ambient Temperature (TA). DS20005049D-page 6 5.0 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 34 3.2 3.0 VDD = VREG VBAT = 3.2V -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Temp (°C) FIGURE 2-6: Output Leakage Current (IDISCHARGE) vs. Ambient Temperature (TA). 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L 7.0 6.6 6.2 5.8 5.4 5.0 4.6 4.2 3.8 38 3.4 3.0 300 VDD = VREG VBAT = 4.0V 275 250 IREG (mA) IDIS (µA) Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = [VREG(Typical) + 1V], IOUT = 10 mA and TA= +25°C, Constant Voltage mode. 225 200 175 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Temp (°C) VDD = 5.2V RPROG = 4 k 150 -45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Temp (°C) FIGURE 2-7: Output Leakage Current (IDISCHARGE) vs. Ambient Temperature (TA). FIGURE 2-10: Charge Current (IOUT) vs. Ambient Temperature (TA), MCP73830. FIGURE 2-8: Output Leakage Current (IDISCHARGE) vs. Battery Regulation Voltage (VBAT). FIGURE 2-11: Charge Current (IOUT) vs. Supply Voltage (VDD), MCP73830. 1200 1100 IREG (mA) 1000 900 800 700 VDD = 5.2V RPROG = 1 k -45 -35 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Temp (°C) FIGURE 2-9: Charge Current (IOUT) vs. Ambient Temperature (TA), MCP73830. 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 2-12: Charge Current (IOUT) vs. Supply Voltage (VDD), MCP73830. DS20005049D-page 7 MCP73830/L 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTION The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLES MCP73830/L Symbol I/O Function 1 VSS — Battery management 0V reference. 2 STAT O Battery charge status output. 3 VBAT I/O Charge control output. Regulates the charge current and battery voltage. The pin is disconnected during Shutdown mode. 4 VDD I Input power supply. 5 CE I Charge Enable pin. Pull the pin high to disable the device. It is internally pulled down. Leave the pin float if not used. 6 PROG I/O Battery charge current regulation program. 7 EP — Exposed pad. TDFN 3.1 Battery Management 0V Reference (VSS) Connect to the negative terminal of the battery and input supply. 3.2 Current Regulation Set (PROG) The fast charge current is set by placing a resistor from PROG to VSS during Constant Current (CC) mode. Refer to Section 5.4 “Constant Current Mode – Fast Charge” for details. Status Output (STAT) STAT is an open-drain logic output for connection to an LED for charge status indication in stand-alone applications. Alternatively, a pull-up resistor can be applied for interfacing to a host microcontroller. Refer to Table 5-1 for a summary of the status output during a charge cycle. 3.3 3.6 3.7 Exposed Pad (EP) The Exposed Thermal Pad (EP) should be connected to the exposed copper area on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) for thermal enhancement purposes. Additional vias on the copper area under the MCP73830/L device can improve the performance of heat dissipation and simplify the assembly process. Battery Charge Control Output (VBAT) Connect to the positive terminal of the battery. Bypass to VSS with a minimum of 1 µF to ensure loop stability when the battery is disconnected. 3.4 Battery Management Input Supply (VDD) A supply voltage of [VREG (Typical) + 0.3V] to 6.0V is recommended. Bypass to VSS with a minimum of 1 µF. 3.5 Charge Enable (CE) The MCP73830/L is always enabled with an internal pull-down resistor. Pulling the CE pin high will enter Standby mode. DS20005049D-page 8 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L 4.0 DEVICE OVERVIEW The MCP73830/L are simple, but fully integrated, linear charge management controllers. Figure 4-1 depicts the operational flow algorithm. *Continuously monitored SHUTDOWN MODE VDD < (UVLO) VDD < (VBAT)* VBAT > 96.5% VREG STAT = High Z CE = Low STANDBY MODE* CE = High STAT = High Z PRE-TIMER FAULT NO Charge Current STAT = Flash (2 Hz) Preconditioning Timer Suspended VBAT > VPTH CE = Low VBAT < VPTH PRECONDITIONING MODE Charge Current = IREG STAT = Low VBAT >= VPTH TIMER FAULT NO Charge Current STAT = High Z Timer Suspended CONSTANT CURRENT MODE Charge Current = IPREG STAT = Low Preconditioning Timer Suspended Elapsed Timer Enabled VBAT = VREG CONSTANT VOLTAGE MODE Charge Voltage = VREG STAT = Low IBAT < ITERM No Auto-Recharge option FIGURE 4-1: CHARGE COMPLETE MODE NO Charge Current STAT = High Z Timer Reset VBAT < VRTH Recharge Mode (available when selected device has automatic recharge option). The MCP73830/L Flowchart. 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005049D-page 9 MCP73830/L 5.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION 5.1 Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) An Internal Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) circuit monitors the input voltage and keeps the charger in Shutdown mode until the input supply rises above the UVLO threshold. In the event a battery is present when the input power is applied, the input supply must rise approximately 150 mV above the battery voltage before the MCP73830/L devices become operational. The UVLO circuit places the device in Shutdown mode if the input supply falls to approximately 150 mV above the battery voltage. The UVLO circuit is always active. Any time the input supply is below the UVLO threshold, or approximately 150 mV of the voltage at the VBAT pin, the MCP73830/L devices are placed in Shutdown mode. 5.2 Charge Qualification When the input power is applied, the input supply must rise 150 mV above the battery voltage before the MCP73830/L becomes operational. The automatic power-down circuit places the device in Shutdown mode if the input supply falls to within +50 mV of the battery voltage. The automatic circuit is always active. Any time the input supply is within +50 mV of the voltage at the VBAT pin, the MCP73830/L is placed in Shutdown mode. For a charge cycle to begin, the automatic powerdown conditions must be met, and the charge enable input must be above the input high threshold. The battery voltage should be less than 96.5% of VREG. 5.2.1 BATTERY MANAGEMENT INPUT SUPPLY (VDD) The VDD input is the input supply to the MCP73830/L. The MCP73830/L automatically enters Power-Down mode if the voltage on the VDD input falls to within +50 mV of the battery voltage. This feature prevents draining the battery pack when the VDD supply is not present. 5.2.2 5.2.3 BATTERY DETECTION The MCP73830/L device detects the battery presence by monitoring the voltage at VBAT. The charge flow will initiate when the voltage on VBAT is pulled below the VRECHARGE threshold. Refer to Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for VRECHARGE values. The value will be the same for non-rechargeable devices. When VBAT > VREG + Hysteresis, the charge will be suspended or not started, depending on the condition, to prevent the overcharge that may occur. 5.3 Preconditioning If the voltage at the VBAT pin is less than the preconditioning threshold, the MCP73830/L devices enter Preconditioning mode. The preconditioning threshold is factory set. Refer to Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for preconditioning threshold options. In this mode, the MCP73830/L devices supply 10% of the fast charge current (established with the value of the resistor connected to the PROG pin) to the battery. When the voltage at the VBAT pin rises above the preconditioning threshold, the MCP73830/L device enters the Constant Current (Fast Charge) mode. Note: 5.3.1 The MCP73830/L devices also offer options with no preconditioning. TIMER EXPIRED DURING PRECONDITIONING MODE If the internal timer expires before the voltage threshold is reached for Fast Charge mode, a timer fault is indicated, and the charge cycle terminates. The MCP73830/L devices remain in this condition until the battery is removed, the input power is cycled, or CE is toggled. If the battery is removed, the MCP73830/L devices enter Standby mode, where they remain until a battery is reinserted. Note: The typical preconditioning timers for the MCP73830/L are 60 minutes. BATTERY CHARGE CONTROL OUTPUT (VBAT) The battery charge control output is the drain terminal of an internal P-channel MOSFET. The MCP73830/L provides constant current and voltage regulation to the battery pack by controlling this MOSFET in the linear region. The battery charge control output should be connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack. DS20005049D-page 10 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L 5.4 Constant Current Mode – Fast Charge During Constant Current mode, the programmed charge current is supplied to the battery or load. The charge current is established using a single resistor from PROG to VSS. The program resistor and the charge current are calculated using the following equation: EQUATION 5-1: MCP73830L 200 IREG = -------------------RPROG Refer to Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for timer period value. 5.7 MCP73830/L devices with automatic recharge options continuously monitor the voltage at the VBAT pin during the Charge Complete mode. If the voltage drops below the recharge threshold, another charge cycle begins, and current is once again supplied to the battery or load. The recharge threshold is factory set. Refer to Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for recharge threshold options. Where: Note: RPROG = kilo-ohms (k) IREG = milliampere (mA) EQUATION 5-2: MCP73830 1000 IREG = -------------------RPROG Where: RPROG = kilo-ohms (k) IREG = milliampere (mA) Constant Current mode is maintained until the voltage at the VBAT pin reaches the regulation voltage, VREG. When Constant Current mode is invoked, the internal timer is reset. 5.4.1 Automatic Recharge TIMER EXPIRED DURING CONSTANT CURRENT – FAST CHARGE MODE The MCP73830/L also offer options with no automatic recharge. For the MCP73830/L with no recharge option, the devices will go into Standby mode when a termination condition is met. The charge will not restart until one of the following conditions is met: • Battery is removed from the system and inserted again. • VDD is removed and plugged in again. • CE is cycled. 5.8 Thermal Regulation The MCP73830/L should limit the charge currents based on the die temperature. The thermal regulation optimizes the charge cycle time while maintaining device reliability. Figure 5-1 depicts the thermal regulation for the MCP73830/L devices. Refer to Section 1.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for thermal package resistances, and Section 6.1.1.3 “Thermal Considerations” for calculating power dissipation. 5.5 Constant Voltage Mode When voltage at the VBAT pin reaches the regulation voltage, VREG, the constant voltage regulation begins. The regulation voltage is factory set to 4.2V, with a tolerance of ±0.75%. 5.6 Charge Termination Maximum Charge Current (mA) . If the internal 4-hour timer expires before the recharge voltage threshold is reached, a timer fault is indicated and the charge cycle terminates. The MCP73830/L devices remain in this condition until the battery is reinserted, or the input power or CE is cycled. 300 250 Maximum Mimimum 200 150 100 50 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 Junction Temperature (C) FIGURE 5-1: Thermal Regulation. The charge cycle is terminated when, during Constant Voltage mode, the average charge current diminishes below a threshold established with the value of 7.5%, 10% of fast charge current, or the internal timer has expired. A 1 ms filter time on the termination comparator ensures that transient load conditions do not result in premature charge cycle termination. The timer period is factory set and no timer option is available. 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005049D-page 11 MCP73830/L 5.9 Thermal Shutdown The MCP73830/L suspends charging if the die temperature exceeds +150°C. Charging will resume when the die temperature has cooled by approximately 10°C. The thermal shutdown is a secondary safety feature in the event that there is a failure within the thermal regulation circuitry. 5.10 Status Indicator The charge status output of the MCP73830/L is opendrain, and, as such, has two different states: Low (L), and High-Impedance (High Z). The charge status outputs can be used to illuminate the LEDs. Optionally, the charge status output can be used as an interface to a host microcontroller. The faulty indication of a preconditioning timer also indicates defective batteries, when it fails to pass preconditioning threshold during the given time. Table 5-1 summarizes the state of the status outputs during a charge cycle. TABLE 5-1: STATUS OUTPUTS Charge Cycle State STAT Shutdown High Z No Battery Present High Z Preconditioning L Constant Current Fast Charge L Constant Voltage L Charge Complete High Z Timer Fault Preconditioning Timer Fault DS20005049D-page 12 High Z Flashing (2 Hz) 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L 6.0 APPLICATIONS algorithm for dual Lithium-Ion or Lithium-Polymer cell’s constant current, followed by constant voltage. Figure 6-1 depicts a typical stand-alone application circuit, while Figure 6-2 depicts the accompanying charge profile. The MCP73830 is designed to operate in conjunction with a host microcontroller or in stand-alone applications. The MCP73830/L provides the preferred charge 4 VDD VBAT 3 + 4.7 µF 4.7µF 2 Regulated wall cube STAT PROG 1 k Lo Hi 1-Cell Li-Ion Battery 6 2 k 5 CE VSS - 1 MCP73830/L FIGURE 6-1: Typical Application Circuit. 6.1.1.1 Charge Current The preferred fast charge current for Li-Ion/Li-Poly cells is below the 1C rate, with an absolute maximum current at the 2C rate. The recommended fast charge current should be obtained from the battery manufacturer. For example, a 500 mAh battery pack with 0.7C preferred fast charge current has a charge current of 350 mA. Charging at this rate provides the shortest charge cycle times without degradation to the battery pack performance or life. Note: FIGURE 6-2: (Li-Ion Battery). 6.1 Typical Charge Profile Application Circuit Design Due to the low efficiency of linear charging, the most important factors are thermal design and cost, which are a direct function of the input voltage, output current and thermal impedance between the battery charger and the ambient cooling air. The worst-case situation is when the device has transitioned from Preconditioning mode to Constant Current mode. In this situation, the battery charger has to dissipate the maximum power. A trade-off must be made between the charge current, cost and thermal requirements of the charger. 6.1.1 6.1.1.2 Please consult with your battery supplier, or refer to the battery data sheet, for the preferred charge rate. Input Over Voltage Protection (IOVP) Input over voltage protection must be used when the input power source is hot-pluggable. This includes USB cables and wall-type power supplies. The cabling of these supplies acts as an inductor. When the supplies are connected/disconnected from the system, large voltage transients are created which may damage the system circuitry. These transients should be snubbed out. A transzorb - unidirectional or bidirectional - connected from the V+ input supply connector to the 0V ground reference will snub the transients. An example of this can be seen in Figure 6-3. COMPONENT SELECTION Selection of the external components in Figure 6-1 is crucial to the integrity and reliability of the charging system. The following discussion is intended as a guide for the component selection process. 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005049D-page 13 MCP73830/L 0.5 TVS Regulated Wall Cube 4 VDD VBAT STAT PROG 3 CIN 2 SMAJ5.0A/AC 5 CE 6 VSS 1 2 mm x 2 mm DFN MCP73830 FIGURE 6-3: 6.1.1.3 Input Over Voltage Protection Example. Thermal Considerations The worst-case power dissipation in the battery charger occurs when the input voltage is at the maximum and the device has transitioned from Preconditioning mode to Constant Current mode. In this case, the power dissipation is: EQUATION 6-1: PowerDissipation = V DDMAX – V PTHMIN I REGMAX Where: VDDMAX = the maximum input voltage IREGMAX = the maximum fast charge current VPTHMIN = the minimum transition threshold voltage Power dissipation with a 5V, ±10% input voltage source, 200 mA ±10%, and preconditioning threshold voltage at 6V is: EQUATION 6-2: · PowerDissipation = 5.5V – 3.0V 220mA = 0.55W This power dissipation with the battery charger in the 2x2 TDFN-6 package will result in a temperature of approximately 10.45C (PCB mounted) above room temperature. 6.1.1.4 tions appear inductive at high frequencies. These elements are in the control feedback loop during Constant Voltage mode. Therefore, the bypass capacitance may be necessary to compensate for the inductive nature of the battery pack. A minimum of 16V rated 1 µF is recommended to apply for output capacitor, and a minimum of 25V rated 1 µF is recommended to apply for input capacitor for typical applications. TABLE 6-1: MLCC CAPACITOR EXAMPLE MLCC Capacitors Temperature Range Tolerance X7R -55C to + 125C ±15% X5R -55C to + 85C ±15% Virtually any good quality output filter capacitor can be used independent of the capacitor’s minimum Effective Series Resistance (ESR) value. The actual value of the capacitor (and its associated ESR) depends on the output load current. A 1 µF ceramic, tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor at the output is usually sufficient to ensure stability. 6.1.1.5 Reverse-Blocking Protection The MCP73830/L provides protection from a faulted or shorted input. Without the protection, a faulted or shorted input would discharge the battery pack through the body diode of the internal pass transistor. External Capacitors The MCP73830 is stable with or without a battery load. In order to maintain good AC stability in Constant Voltage mode, a minimum capacitance of 1 µF is recommended to bypass the VBAT pin to VSS. This capacitance provides compensation when there is no battery load. In addition, the battery and interconnec- DS20005049D-page 14 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L 6.2 PCB Layout Issues For optimum voltage regulation, place the battery pack as close as possible to the device’s VBAT and VSS pins, which is recommended to minimize voltage drops along the high current carrying PCB traces. If the PCB layout is used as a heat sink, adding many vias in the heat sink pad can help conduct more heat to the backplane of the PCB, thus reducing the maximum junction temperature. Figure 6-5 and Figure 6-6 depict a typical layout with PCB heat sinking. FIGURE 6-6: FIGURE 6-4: Typical Layout (Top). FIGURE 6-5: Typical Layout (Top Metal). 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Typical Layout (Bottom). DS20005049D-page 15 MCP73830/L 7.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 7.1 Package Marking Information 6-Lead TDFN (2x2 mm) Example Part Number XXX NNN Legend: XX...X Y YY WW NNN e3 * Note: DS20005049D-page 16 Code MCP73830T-2AAI/MYY 2AA MCP73830LT-0AAI/MYY 0AA MCP73830LT-0BCI/MYY 0BC 0AA 256 Customer-specific information Year code (last digit of calendar year) Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC® designator for Matte Tin (Sn) This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 ) can be found on the outer packaging for this package. In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available characters for customer-specific information. 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005049D-page 17 MCP73830/L Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at http://www.microchip.com/packaging DS20005049D-page 18 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. MCP73830/L APPENDIX A: REVISION HISTORY Revision D (July 2014) The following is the list of modifications: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Added the “Available Factory Preset Options” table. Removed any mention of Fixed Elapse Timer having a disabled option. Removed any mention of an option with no precondition timer. Corrected the flow-chart in Figure 4-1, specifying STAT = High Z in the Charge Complete Mode text box. Updated Table 5-1. Added the Section 6.1.1.2, "Input Over Voltage Protection (IOVP)". Added Figure 6-3. Revision C (August 2013) The following is the list of modifications: 1. 2. Updated the “Temperature Specifications” table. Updated Section 6.1.1.3, "Thermal Considerations". Revision B (December 2011) The following is the list of modifications: 1. 2. Updated Figure 4-1. Removed the MCP73830 and MCP73830L options from the “Product Identification System” section. Revision A (September 2011) • Original Release of this Document. 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. DS20005049D-page 19 MCP73830/L PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART NO. Device X -XXX Examples: XX Standard Temperature Options Range a) Package b) Single Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Device, Tape and Reel MCP73830LT: Single Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Device, Tape and Reel Standard Options: IREG (mA) VREG (V) VPRECONDITION (%) MCP73830T: IPRECONDITION (%) Device: ITERM (%) c) RTH (%) MCP73830LT 0AA 200 4.2 10 71.5 7.5 96.5 MCP73830LT 0BC 200 4.2 100 71.5 10 96.5 MCP73830T 2AA 1000 4.2 10 71.5 7.5 96.5 Temperature Range: I Package: MY MCP73830T-2AAI/MYY: Tape and Reel, Single Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Device MCP73830LT-0AAI/MYY: Tape and Reel, Single Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Device MCP73830LT-0BCI/MYY: Tape and Reel, Single Cell Li-Ion/Li-Polymer Battery Device = -40C to +85C (Industrial) = Plastic Thin Dual Flat, No Lead Package, 2x2x0.8 mm Body (TDFN), 6-Lead * Y = nickel palladium gold manufacturing designator. Only available on the TDFN package. DS20005049D-page 20 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, FlashFlex, flexPWR, JukeBlox, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, Kleer, LANCheck, MediaLB, MOST, MOST logo, MPLAB, OptoLyzer, PIC, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, RightTouch, SpyNIC, SST, SST Logo, SuperFlash and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. The Embedded Control Solutions Company and mTouch are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, BodyCom, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, ECAN, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Inter-Chip Connectivity, KleerNet, KleerNet logo, MiWi, MPASM, MPF, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, MultiTRAK, NetDetach, Omniscient Code Generation, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, RightTouch logo, REAL ICE, SQI, Serial Quad I/O, Total Endurance, TSHARC, USBCheck, VariSense, ViewSpan, WiperLock, Wireless DNA, and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Silicon Storage Technology is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology Inc. in other countries. GestIC is a registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Germany II GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of Microchip Technology Inc., in other countries. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2011-2014, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 978-1-63276-386-0 QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV == ISO/TS 16949 == 2011-2014 Microchip Technology Inc. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. 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