PCA85276
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
Product data sheet
1. General description
The PCA85276 is a peripheral device which interfaces to almost any Liquid Crystal
Display (LCD)1 with low multiplex rates. It generates the drive signals for any static or
multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to 40 segments. It can be easily
cascaded for larger LCD applications. The PCA85276 is compatible with most
microcontrollers and communicates via the two-line bidirectional I2C-bus. Communication
overheads are minimized by a display RAM with auto-incremented addressing, by
hardware subaddressing, and by display memory switching (static and duplex drive
modes).
For a selection of NXP LCD segment drivers, see Table 24 on page 46.
2. Features and benefits
1.
AEC-Q100 grade 2 compliant for automotive applications
Single chip LCD controller and driver
Selectable backplane drive configuration: static, 2, 3, or 4 backplane multiplexing
Selectable display bias configuration: static, 1⁄2, or 1⁄3
Internal LCD bias generation with voltage-follower buffers
40 segment drives:
Up to 20 7-segment numeric characters
Up to 10 14-segment alphanumeric characters
Any graphics of up to 160 segments/elements
40 4-bit RAM for display data storage
Auto-incremented display data loading across device subaddress boundaries
Display memory bank switching in static and duplex drive modes
Versatile blinking modes
Independent supplies possible for LCD and logic voltages
Wide power supply range: from 1.8 V to 5.5 V
Wide logic LCD supply range:
From 2.5 V for low-threshold LCDs
Up to 8.0 V for guest-host LCDs and high-threshold twisted nematic LCDs
Low power consumption
Extended temperature range up to 105 C
400 kHz I2C-bus interface
May be cascaded for large LCD applications (up to 1280 segments/elements possible)
No external components required
The definition of the abbreviations and acronyms used in this data sheet can be found in Section 22.
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
3. Ordering information
Table 1.
Ordering information
Type number
Package
PCA85276ATT
Name
Description
Version
TSSOP56
plastic thin shrink small outline package,
56 leads; body width 6.1 mm
SOT364-1
3.1 Ordering options
Table 2.
Ordering options
Type number
Sales item (12NC)
Orderable part number
IC
revision
Delivery form
PCA85276ATT/A
935303864118
PCA85276ATT/AJ
1
tape and reel, 13 inch
4. Marking
Table 3.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Marking codes
Type number
Marking code
PCA85276ATT
PCA85276TT
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
5. Block diagram
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Block diagram of PCA85276
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
6. Pinning information
6.1 Pinning
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Top view. For mechanical details, see Figure 28.
Fig 2.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Pinning diagram for PCA85276ATT (TSSOP56)
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
6.2 Pin description
Table 4.
Pin description of PCA85276ATT (TSSOP56)
Input or input/output pins must always be at a defined level (VSS or VDD) unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Pin
Description
PCA85276ATT
Type
SDA
44
input/output
I2C-bus serial data line
SCL
45
input
I2C-bus serial clock
CLK
47
input/output
clock line
VDD
48
supply
supply voltage
SYNC
46
input/output
cascade synchronization; if not
used it must be left open
OSC
49
input
internal oscillator enable
A0, A1
50, 51
input
subaddress inputs
T1
52
input
dedicated testing pin; to be tied to
VSS in application mode
SA0
53
input
I2C-bus address input
VSS
54
supply
ground supply voltage
VLCD
55
supply
LCD supply voltage
BP0, BP2,
BP1, BP3
56, 1, 2, 3
output
LCD backplane outputs
S0 to S39
4 to 43
output
LCD segment outputs
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7. Functional description
The PCA85276 is a versatile peripheral device designed to interface between any
microcontroller to a wide variety of LCD segment or dot-matrix displays. It can directly
drive any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to
40 segments.
7.1 Commands of PCA85276
The commands available to the PCA85276 are defined in Table 5.
Table 5.
Definition of the PCA85276 commands
Bit position labeled as - is not used.
Command
Operation Code
Reference
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
mode-set
C
1
0
-
E
B
M[1:0]
load-data-pointer
C
0
P[5:0]
device-select
C
1
1
0
0
0
A[1:0]
bank-select
C
1
1
1
1
0
I
blink-select
C
1
1
1
0
AB
BF[1:0]
0
Table 7
Table 8
Table 9
O
Table 10
Table 11
All available commands carry a continuation bit C in their most significant bit position as
shown in Figure 21. When this bit is set logic 1, it indicates that the next byte of the
transfer to arrive will also represent a command. If this bit is set logic 0, it indicates that
the command byte is the last in the transfer. Further bytes are regarded as display data
(see Table 6).
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Table 6.
C bit description
Bit
Symbol
7
C
Value
Description
continue bit
0
last control byte in the transfer; next byte will be regarded
as display data
1
control bytes continue; next byte will be a command too
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.1.1 Command: mode-set
The mode-set command allows configuring the multiplex mode, the bias levels and
enabling or disabling the display.
Table 7.
Mode-set command bit description
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 6
6 to 5
-
10
fixed value
4
-
-
unused
3
E
2
display status[1]
0
disabled (blank)[2]
1
enabled
LCD bias configuration[3]
B
1 to 0
0
1⁄
3
bias
1
1⁄
2
bias
M[1:0]
LCD drive mode selection
01
static; BP0
10
1:2 multiplex; BP0, BP1
11
1:3 multiplex; BP0, BP1, BP2
00
1:4 multiplex; BP0, BP1, BP2, BP3
[1]
The possibility to disable the display allows implementation of blinking under external control.
[2]
The display is disabled by setting all backplane and segment outputs to VLCD.
[3]
Not applicable for static drive mode.
7.1.2 Command: load-data-pointer
The load-data-pointer command defines the display RAM address where the following
display data are sent to.
Table 8.
Load-data-pointer command bit description
See Section 7.3.1.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 6
6
-
0
fixed value
5 to 0
P[5:0]
000000 to
100111
6-bit binary value, 0 to 39; transferred to the data pointer to
define one of forty display RAM addresses
7.1.3 Command: device-select
The device-select command allows defining the subaddress counter value.
Table 9.
Device-select command bit description
See Section 7.3.2.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 6
6 to 2
-
11000
fixed value
1 to 0
A[1:0]
00 to 11
2-bit binary value, 0 to 3; transferred to the subaddress
counter to define one of four hardware subaddresses
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.1.4 Command: bank-select
The bank-select command controls where data is written to RAM and where it is displayed
from.
Table 10. Bank-select command bit description
See Section 7.3.5.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
Static
7
C
0, 1
see Table 6
6 to 2
-
11110
fixed value
1
I
0
[1]
1:2 multiplex[1]
input bank selection; storage of arriving display data
0
RAM row 0
RAM rows 0 and 1
1
RAM row 2
RAM rows 2 and 3
O
output bank selection; retrieval of LCD display data
0
RAM row 0
RAM rows 0 and 1
1
RAM row 2
RAM rows 2 and 3
The bank-select command has no effect in 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex drive modes.
7.1.5 Command: blink-select
The blink-select command allows configuring the blink mode and the blink frequency.
Table 11. Blink-select command bit description
See Section 7.1.5.1.
Bit
Symbol
Value
Description
7
C
0, 1
see Table 6
6 to 3
-
1110
fixed value
2
AB
1 to 0
7.1.5.1
blink mode selection
0
normal blinking[1]
1
alternate RAM bank blinking[2]
BF[1:0]
blink frequency selection
00
off
01
1
10
2
11
3
[1]
Normal blinking is assumed when the LCD multiplex drive modes 1:3 or 1:4 are selected.
[2]
Alternate RAM bank blinking does not apply in 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex drive modes.
Blinking
The display blinking capabilities of the PCA85276 are very versatile. The whole display
can blink at frequencies selected by the blink-select command (see Table 11). The blink
frequencies are derived from the clock frequency. The ratio between the clock and blink
frequencies depends on the blink mode selected (see Table 12).
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
An additional feature is for an arbitrary selection of LCD segments/elements to blink. This
applies to the static and 1:2 multiplex drive modes and can be implemented without any
communication overheads. With the output bank selector, the displayed RAM banks are
exchanged with alternate RAM banks at the blink frequency. This mode can also be
specified by the blink-select command.
In the 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex modes, where no alternative RAM bank is available, groups of
LCD segments/elements can blink by selectively changing the display RAM data at fixed
time intervals.
The entire display can blink at a frequency other than the nominal blink frequency. This
can be effectively performed by resetting and setting the display enable bit E at the
required rate using the mode-set command (see Table 7).
Table 12.
Blink frequencies
Blink mode
Blink frequency[1]
off
-
1
f clk
f blink = ---------768
2
f clk
f blink = ------------1536
3
f clk
f blink = ------------3072
[1]
The blink frequency is proportional to the clock frequency (fclk). For the range of the clock frequency, see
Table 20.
7.2 Clock and frame frequency
7.2.1 Internal clock
The internal logic of the PCA85276 and its LCD drive signals are timed either by its
internal oscillator or by an external clock. The internal oscillator is enabled by connecting
pin OSC to pin VSS. If the internal oscillator is used, the output from pin CLK can be used
as the clock signal for several PCA85276 in the system that are connected in cascade.
7.2.2 External clock
Pin CLK is enabled as an external clock input by connecting pin OSC to VDD. The LCD
frame frequency is determined by the clock frequency (fclk).
Remark: A clock signal must always be supplied to the device; removing the clock may
freeze the LCD in a DC state, which is not suitable for the liquid crystal.
7.2.3 Timing
The PCA85276 timing controls the internal data flow of the device. This includes the
transfer of display data from the display RAM to the display segment outputs. In cascaded
applications, the correct timing relationship between each PCA85276 in the system is
maintained by the synchronization signal at pin SYNC. The timing also generates the LCD
frame frequency signal. The frame frequency signal is a fixed division of the clock
f clk
frequency from either the internal or an external clock: f fr = ------24
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.3 Display RAM
The display RAM is a static 40 4-bit RAM which stores LCD data.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between
• the bits in the RAM bitmap and the LCD segments/elements
• the RAM columns and the segment outputs
• the RAM rows and the backplane outputs.
A logic 1 in the RAM bitmap indicates the on-state of the corresponding LCD element;
similarly, a logic 0 indicates the off-state.
The display RAM bitmap, Figure 3, shows the rows 0 to 3 which correspond with the
backplane outputs BP0 to BP3, and the columns 0 to 39 which correspond with the
segment outputs S0 to S39. In multiplexed LCD applications the segment data of the first,
second, third, and fourth row of the display RAM are time-multiplexed with BP0, BP1,
BP2, and BP3 respectively.
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The display RAM bitmap shows the direct relationship between the display RAM column and the
segment outputs; and between the bits in a RAM row and the backplane outputs.
Fig 3.
Display RAM bitmap
When display data is transmitted to the PCA85276, the display bytes received are stored
in the display RAM in accordance with the selected LCD drive mode. The data is stored as
it arrives and depending on the current multiplex drive mode the bits are stored singularly,
in pairs, triples, or quadruples. To illustrate the filling order, an example of a 7-segment
display showing all drive modes is given in Figure 4; the RAM filling organization depicted
applies equally to other LCD types.
• In static drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed into row 0 as one byte
• In 1:2 multiplex drive mode the eight transmitted data bits are placed in pairs into
row 0 and 1 as four successive 2-bit RAM words
• In 1:3 multiplex drive mode the eight bits are placed in triples into row 0, 1, and 2 as
three successive 3-bit RAM words, with bit 3 of the third address left unchanged. It is
not recommended to use this bit in a display because of the difficult addressing. This
last bit may, if necessary, be controlled by an additional transfer to this address, but
care should be taken to avoid overwriting adjacent data because always full bytes are
transmitted (see Section 7.3.3)
• In 1:4 multiplex drive mode, the eight transmitted data bits are placed in quadruples
into row 0, 1, 2, and 3 as two successive 4-bit RAM words
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
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PCA85276
11 of 55
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
%3
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NXP Semiconductors
PCA85276
Product data sheet
GULYHPRGH
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.3.1 Data pointer
The addressing mechanism for the display RAM is realized using the data pointer. This
allows the loading of an individual display data byte, or a series of display data bytes, into
any location of the display RAM. The sequence commences with the initialization of the
data pointer by the load-data-pointer command (see Table 8). Following this command, an
arriving data byte is stored at the display RAM address indicated by the data pointer. The
filling order is shown in Figure 4.
After each byte is stored, the content of the data pointer is automatically incremented by a
value dependent on the selected LCD drive mode:
•
•
•
•
In static drive mode by eight
In 1:2 multiplex drive mode by four
In 1:3 multiplex drive mode by three
In 1:4 multiplex drive mode by two
If an I2C-bus data access terminates early, then the state of the data pointer is unknown.
So, the data pointer must be rewritten prior to further RAM accesses.
7.3.2 Subaddress counter
The storage of display data is determined by the contents of the subaddress counter.
Storage is allowed only when the content of the subaddress counter matches with the
hardware subaddress applied to A0 and A1. The subaddress counter value is defined by
the device-select command (see Table 9). If the content of the subaddress counter and
the hardware subaddress do not match, then data storage is inhibited but the data pointer
is incremented as if data storage had taken place. The subaddress counter is also
incremented when the data pointer overflows.
The storage arrangements described lead to extremely efficient data loading in cascaded
applications. When a series of display bytes are sent to the display RAM, automatic
wrap-over to the next PCA85276 occurs when the last RAM address is exceeded.
Subaddressing across device boundaries is successful even if the change to the next
device in the cascade occurs within a transmitted character.
The hardware subaddress must not be changed while the device is being accessed on the
I2C-bus interface.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.3.3 RAM writing in 1:3 multiplex drive mode
In 1:3 multiplex drive mode, the RAM is written as shown in Table 13 (see Figure 4 as
well).
Table 13. Standard RAM filling in 1:3 multiplex drive mode
Assumption: BP2/S2, BP2/S5, BP2/S8 etc. are not connected to any segments/elements on the
display.
Display RAM
bits (rows)/
backplane
outputs (BPn)
Display RAM addresses (columns)/segment outputs (Sn)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
:
0
a7
a4
a1
b7
b4
b1
c7
c4
c1
d7
:
1
a6
a3
a0
b6
b3
b0
c6
c3
c0
d6
:
2
a5
a2
-
b5
b2
-
c5
c2
-
d5
:
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
:
If the bit at position BP2/S2 would be written by a second byte transmitted, then the
mapping of the segment bits would change as illustrated in Table 14.
Table 14. Entire RAM filling by rewriting in 1:3 multiplex drive mode
Assumption: BP2/S2, BP2/S5, BP2/S8 etc. are connected to segments/elements on the display.
Display RAM
bits (rows)/
backplane
outputs (BPn)
Display RAM addresses (columns)/segment outputs (Sn)
0
1
2
0
a7
a4
a1/b7 b4
b1/c7 c4
c1/d7 d4
d1/e7 e4
:
1
a6
a3
a0/b6 b3
b0/c6 c3
c0/d6 d3
d0/e6 e3
:
2
a5
a2
b5
b2
c5
c2
d5
d2
e5
e2
:
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
:
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
:
In the case described in Table 14 the RAM has to be written entirely and BP2/S2, BP2/S5,
BP2/S8 etc. have to be connected to segments/elements on the display. This can be
achieved by a combination of writing and rewriting the RAM like follows:
• In the first write to the RAM, bits a7 to a0 are written
• The data-pointer (see Section 7.3.1 on page 12) has to be set to the address of bit a1
• In the second write, bits b7 to b0 are written, overwriting bits a1 and a0 with bits b7
and b6
• The data-pointer has to be set to the address of bit b1
• In the third write, bits c7 to c0 are written, overwriting bits b1 and b0 with bits c7 and
c6
Depending on the method of writing to the RAM (standard or entire filling by rewriting),
some segments/elements remain unused or can be used, but it has to be considered in
the module layout process as well as in the driver software design.
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7.3.4 Writing over the RAM address boundary
In all multiplex drive modes, depending on the setting of the data pointer, it is possible to
fill the RAM over the RAM address boundary. If the PCA85276 is part of a cascade the
additional bits fall into the next device that also generates the acknowledge signal. If the
PCA85276 is a single device or the last device in a cascade, the additional bits are
discarded and no acknowledge signal is generated.
7.3.5 Bank selection
7.3.5.1
Output bank selector
The output bank selector (see Table 10 on page 8) selects one of the four rows per display
RAM address for transfer to the display register. The actual row selected depends on the
particular LCD drive mode in operation and on the instant in the multiplex sequence.
• In 1:4 multiplex mode, all RAM addresses of row 0 are selected, followed by the
contents of row 1, row 2, and then row 3
• In 1:3 multiplex mode, rows 0, 1, and 2 are selected sequentially
• In 1:2 multiplex mode, rows 0 and 1 are selected
• In static mode, row 0 is selected
7.3.5.2
Input bank selector
The input bank selector loads display data into the display RAM in accordance with the
selected LCD drive configuration. Display data can be loaded by using the bank-select
command (see Table 10). The input bank selector functions independently to the output
bank selector.
7.3.5.3
RAM bank switching
The PCA85276 includes a RAM bank switching feature in the static and 1:2 multiplex
drive modes. A bank can be thought of as one RAM row or a collection of RAM rows (see
Figure 5). The RAM bank switching gives the provision for preparing display information in
an alternative bank and to be able to switch to it once it is complete.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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Fig 5.
RAM banks in static and multiplex driving mode 1:2
There are two banks; bank 0 and bank 1. Figure 5 shows the location of these banks
relative to the RAM map. Input and output banks can be set independently from one
another with the Bank-select command (see Table 10 on page 8). Figure 6 shows the
concept.
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Fig 6.
Bank selection
In the static drive mode, the bank-select command may request the contents of row 2 to
be selected for display instead of the contents of row 0. In the 1:2 multiplex mode, the
contents of rows 2 and 3 may be selected instead of rows 0 and 1. This gives the
provision for preparing display information in an alternative bank and to be able to switch
to it once it is assembled.
In Figure 7 an example is shown for 1:2 multiplex drive mode where the displayed data is
read from the first two rows of the memory (bank 0), while the transmitted data is stored in
the second two rows of the memory (bank 1).
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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Fig 7.
Example of the Bank-select command with multiplex drive mode 1:2
7.4 Initialization
At power-on the status of the I2C-bus and the registers of the PCA85276 is undefined.
Therefore the PCA85276 should be initialized as quickly as possible after power-on to
ensure a proper bus communication and to avoid display artifacts. The following
instructions should be accomplished for initialization:
• I2C-bus (see Section 8) initialization
– generating a START condition
– sending 0h (1 byte) and ignoring the acknowledge
– generating a STOP condition
• Mode-set command (see Table 7), setting
– bit E = 0
– bit B to the required LCD bias configuration
– bits M[1:0] to the required LCD drive mode
• Load-data-pointer command (see Table 8), setting
– bits P[5:0] to 0h (or any other required address)
• Device-select command (see Table 9), setting
– bits A[1:0] to the required hardware subaddress (for example, 0h)
• Bank-select command (see Table 10), setting
– bit I to 0
– bit O to 0
• Blink-select command (see Table 11), setting
– bit AB to 0 or 1
– bits BF[1:0] to 00 (or to a desired blinking mode)
• writing meaningful information (for example, a logo) into the display RAM
After the initialization, the display can be switched on by setting bit E = 1 with the
mode-set command.
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.5 Possible display configurations
The possible display configurations of the PCA85276 depend on the number of active
backplane outputs required. A selection of display configurations is shown in Table 15. All
of these configurations can be implemented in the typical system shown in Figure 9.
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Fig 8.
Example of displays suitable for PCA85276
Table 15.
Selection of possible display configurations
Number of
Backplanes
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Icons
Digits/Characters
7-segment[1]
14-segment[2]
Dot matrix:
segments/
elements
4
160
20
10
160 (4 40)
3
120
15
7
120 (3 40)
2
80
10
5
80 (2 40)
1
40
5
2
40 (1 40)
[1]
7 segment display has 8 segments/elements including the decimal point.
[2]
14 segment display has 16 segments/elements including decimal point and accent dot.
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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The resistance of the power lines must be kept to a minimum.
Fig 9.
Typical system configuration
The host microcontroller maintains the 2-line I2C-bus communication channel with the
PCA85276. The internal oscillator is enabled by connecting pin OSC to pin VSS. The
appropriate biasing voltages for the multiplexed LCD waveforms are generated internally.
The only other connections required to complete the system are the power supplies (VDD,
VSS, and VLCD) and the LCD panel chosen for the application.
7.5.1 LCD bias generator
Fractional LCD biasing voltages are obtained from an internal voltage divider of three
impedances connected between VLCD and VSS. The center impedance is bypassed by
switch if the 1⁄2 bias voltage level for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode configuration is
selected.
7.5.2 Display register
The display register holds the display data while the corresponding multiplex signals are
generated.
7.5.3 LCD voltage selector
The LCD voltage selector coordinates the multiplexing of the LCD in accordance with the
selected LCD drive configuration. The operation of the voltage selector is controlled by the
mode-set command from the command decoder. The biasing configurations that apply to
the preferred modes of operation, together with the biasing characteristics as functions of
VLCD and the resulting discrimination ratios (D) are given in Table 16.
Discrimination is a term which is defined as the ratio of the on and off RMS voltage across
a segment. It can be thought of as a measurement of contrast.
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
Table 16.
Biasing characteristics
LCD drive
mode
Number of:
LCD bias
Backplanes Levels configuration
V off RMS
------------------------V LCD
V on RMS
-----------------------V LCD
static
V on RMS
D = -----------------------V off RMS
1
2
static
0
1
1:2 multiplex 2
3
1⁄
2
0.354
0.791
2.236
1:2 multiplex 2
4
1⁄
3
0.333
0.745
2.236
4
1⁄
3
0.333
0.638
1.915
4
1⁄
3
0.333
0.577
1.732
1:3 multiplex 3
1:4 multiplex 4
A practical value for VLCD is determined by equating Voff(RMS) with a defined LCD
threshold voltage (Vth(off)), typically when the LCD exhibits approximately 10 % contrast. In
the static drive mode a suitable choice is VLCD > 3Vth(off).
Multiplex drive modes of 1:3 and 1:4 with 1⁄2 bias are possible but the discrimination and
hence the contrast ratios are smaller.
1
Bias is calculated by ------------- , where the values for a are
1+a
a = 1 for 1⁄2 bias
a = 2 for 1⁄3 bias
The RMS on-state voltage (Von(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with Equation 1:
V on RMS =
V LCD
a 2 + 2a + n
-----------------------------2
n 1 + a
(1)
where the values for n are
n = 1 for static drive mode
n = 2 for 1:2 multiplex drive mode
n = 3 for 1:3 multiplex drive mode
n = 4 for 1:4 multiplex drive mode
The RMS off-state voltage (Voff(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with Equation 2:
V off RMS =
V LCD
a 2 – 2a + n
-----------------------------2
n 1 + a
(2)
Discrimination is the ratio of Von(RMS) to Voff(RMS) and is determined from Equation 3:
V on RMS
D = ----------------------- =
V off RMS
2
a + 2a + n
--------------------------2
a – 2a + n
(3)
Using Equation 3, the discrimination for an LCD drive mode of 1:3 multiplex with
PCA85276
Product data sheet
1⁄
2
bias is
1⁄
2
21
bias is ---------- = 1.528 .
3
3 = 1.732 and the discrimination for an LCD drive mode of 1:4 multiplex with
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
The advantage of these LCD drive modes is a reduction of the LCD full scale voltage VLCD
as follows:
• 1:3 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V LCD =
6 V off RMS = 2.449V off RMS
4 3
- = 2.309V off RMS
• 1:4 multiplex (1⁄2 bias): V LCD = --------------------3
These compare with V LCD = 3V off RMS when 1⁄3 bias is used.
VLCD is sometimes referred as the LCD operating voltage.
7.5.3.1
Electro-optical performance
Suitable values for Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are dependent on the LCD liquid used. The
RMS voltage, at which a pixel will be switched on or off, determine the transmissibility of
the pixel.
For any given liquid, there are two threshold values defined. One point is at 10 % relative
transmission (at Vth(off)) and the other at 90 % relative transmission (at Vth(on)), see
Figure 10. For a good contrast performance, the following rules should be followed:
V on RMS V th on
(4)
V off RMS V th off
(5)
Von(RMS) and Voff(RMS) are properties of the display driver and are affected by the selection
of a, n (see Equation 1 to Equation 3) and the VLCD voltage.
Vth(off) and Vth(on) are properties of the LCD liquid and can be provided by the module
manufacturer. Vth(off) is sometimes just named Vth. Vth(on) is sometimes named saturation
voltage Vsat.
It is important to match the module properties to those of the driver in order to achieve
optimum performance.
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PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.5.4 LCD drive mode waveforms
7.5.4.1
Static drive mode
The static LCD drive mode is used when a single backplane is provided in the LCD. The
backplane (BPn) and segment (Sn) drive waveforms for this mode are shown in
Figure 11.
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Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
Von(RMS) = VLCD.
Vstate2(t) = V(Sn + 1)(t) VBP0(t).
Voff(RMS) = 0 V.
Fig 11. Static drive mode waveforms
PCA85276
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.5.4.2
1:2 Multiplex drive mode
When two backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:2 multiplex mode applies. The
PCA85276 allows the use of 1⁄2 bias or 1⁄3 bias in this mode as shown in Figure 12 and
Figure 13.
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Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
Von(RMS) = 0.791VLCD.
Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t).
Voff(RMS) = 0.354VLCD.
Fig 12. Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄2 bias
PCA85276
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
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22 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
Von(RMS) = 0.745VLCD.
Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t).
Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 13. Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias
PCA85276
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.5.4.3
1:3 Multiplex drive mode
When three backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:3 multiplex drive mode applies, as
shown in Figure 14.
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Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
Von(RMS) = 0.638VLCD.
Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t).
Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 14. Waveforms for the 1:3 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias
PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.5.4.4
1:4 Multiplex drive mode
When four backplanes are provided in the LCD, the 1:4 multiplex drive mode applies as
shown in Figure 15.
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Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t).
Von(RMS) = 0.577VLCD.
Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t).
Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 15. Waveforms for the 1:4 multiplex drive mode with 1⁄3 bias
PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
7.6 Backplane and segment outputs
7.6.1 Backplane outputs
The LCD drive section includes four backplane outputs BP0 to BP3 which must be
connected directly to the LCD. The backplane output signals are generated in accordance
with the selected LCD drive mode. If less than four backplane outputs are required, the
unused outputs can be left open-circuit.
• In 1:3 multiplex drive mode, BP3 carries the same signal as BP1, therefore these two
adjacent outputs can be tied together to give enhanced drive capabilities
• In 1:2 multiplex drive mode, BP0 and BP2, respectively, BP1 and BP3 all carry the
same signals and may also be paired to increase the drive capabilities
• In static drive mode, the same signal is carried by all four backplane outputs and they
can be connected in parallel for very high drive requirements
7.6.2 Segment outputs
The LCD drive section includes 40 segment outputs S0 to S39 which should be
connected directly to the LCD. The segment output signals are generated in accordance
with the multiplexed backplane signals and with data residing in the display register. When
less than 40 segment outputs are required, the unused segment outputs should be left
open-circuit.
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
8. Characteristics of the I2C-bus
The I2C-bus is for bidirectional, two-line communication between different ICs or modules.
The two lines are a Serial DAta line (SDA) and a Serial CLock line (SCL). Both lines must
be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor when connected to the output
stages of a device. Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy.
8.1 Bit transfer
One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain
stable during the HIGH period of the clock pulse as changes in the data line at this time is
interpreted as a control signal (see Figure 16).
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Fig 16. Bit transfer
8.2 START and STOP conditions
Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy.
A HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the START
condition - S.
A LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock is HIGH is defined as the STOP
condition - P.
The START and STOP conditions are illustrated in Figure 17.
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Fig 17. Definition of START and STOP conditions
8.3 System configuration
A device generating a message is a transmitter, a device receiving a message is the
receiver. The device that controls the message is the master and the devices which are
controlled by the master are the slaves. The system configuration is shown in Figure 18.
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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Fig 18. System configuration
8.4 Acknowledge
The number of data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions from
transmitter to receiver is unlimited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by an acknowledge
cycle.
• A slave receiver, which is addressed, must generate an acknowledge after the
reception of each byte
• A master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that
has been clocked out of the slave transmitter
• The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge
clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the
acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be considered)
• A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an
acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this event, the
transmitter must leave the data line HIGH to enable the master to generate a STOP
condition
Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus is illustrated in Figure 19.
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Fig 19. Acknowledgement of the I2C-bus
PCA85276
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8.5 I2C-bus controller
The PCA85276 acts as an I2C-bus slave receiver. It does not initiate I2C-bus transfers or
transmit data to an I2C-bus master receiver. The only data output from the PCA85276 are
the acknowledge signals of the selected devices. Device selection depends on the
I2C-bus slave address, on the transferred command data and on the hardware
subaddress.
In single device applications, the hardware subaddress inputs A0 and A1 are normally
tied to VSS which defines the hardware subaddress 0. In multiple device applications A0
and A1 are tied to VSS or VDD using a binary coding scheme, so that no two devices with a
common I2C-bus slave address have the same hardware subaddress.
8.6 Input filters
To enhance noise immunity in electrically adverse environments, RC low-pass filters are
provided on the SDA and SCL lines.
8.7 I2C-bus protocol
Two I2C-bus slave addresses (0111 000 and 0111 001) are used to address the
PCA85276. The entire I2C-bus slave address byte is shown in Table 17.
Table 17.
I2C slave address byte
Slave address
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
MSB
0
0
LSB
1
1
1
0
0
SA0
R/W
The PCA85276 is a write-only device and will not respond to a read access, therefore bit 0
should always be logic 0. Bit 1 of the slave address byte that a PCA85276 will respond to,
is defined by the level tied to its SA0 input (VSS for logic 0 and VDD for logic 1).
Having two reserved slave addresses allows the following on the same I2C-bus:
• Up to 8 PCA85276 for very large LCD applications
• The use of two types of LCD multiplex drive modes
The I2C-bus protocol is shown in Figure 20. The sequence is initiated with a START
condition (S) from the I2C-bus master which is followed by one of the two possible
PCA85276 slave addresses available. All PCA85276 whose SA0 inputs correspond to
bit 0 of the slave address respond by asserting an acknowledge in parallel. This I2C-bus
transfer is ignored by all PCA85276 whose SA0 inputs are set to the alternative level.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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Fig 20. I2C-bus protocol
After an acknowledgement, one or more command bytes follow that define the status of
each addressed PCA85276.
The last command byte sent is identified by resetting its most significant bit, continuation
bit C (see Figure 21). The command bytes are also acknowledged by all addressed
PCA85276 on the bus.
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Fig 21. Format of command byte
After the last command byte, one or more display data bytes may follow. Display data
bytes are stored in the display RAM at the address specified by the data pointer and the
subaddress counter. Both data pointer and subaddress counter are automatically updated
and the data directed to the intended PCA85276 device.
An acknowledgement after each byte is asserted only by the PCA85276 that are
addressed via address lines A0 and A1. After the last display byte, the I2C-bus master
asserts a STOP condition (P). Alternately a START may be asserted to restart an I2C-bus
access.
PCA85276
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
9. Internal circuitry
9''
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Fig 22. Device protection circuits
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
10. Safety notes
CAUTION
This device is sensitive to ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD). Observe precautions for handling
electrostatic sensitive devices.
Such precautions are described in the ANSI/ESD S20.20, IEC/ST 61340-5, JESD625-A or
equivalent standards.
CAUTION
Static voltages across the liquid crystal display can build up when the LCD supply voltage
(VLCD) is on while the IC supply voltage (VDD) is off, or vice versa. This may cause unwanted
display artifacts. To avoid such artifacts, VLCD and VDD must be applied or removed together.
11. Limiting values
Table 18. Limiting values
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).
Symbol
Parameter
VDD
Min
Max
Unit
supply voltage
0.5
+6.5
V
VLCD
LCD supply voltage
0.5
+9.0
V
VI
input voltage
on each of the pins CLK,
SDA, SCL, SYNC, SA0,
OSC, A0, A1, T1
0.5
+6.5
V
VO
output voltage
on each of the pins S0 to
S39, BP0 to BP3
0.5
+9.0
V
II
input current
10
+10
mA
IO
output current
10
+10
mA
IDD
supply current
50
+50
mA
IDD(LCD)
LCD supply current
50
+50
mA
ISS
ground supply current
50
+50
mA
Ptot
total power dissipation
-
400
mW
Po
output power
VESD
electrostatic discharge
voltage
latch-up current
Ilu
Tstg
storage temperature
Tamb
ambient temperature
Conditions
-
100
mW
HBM
[1]
-
5000
V
CDM
[2]
-
2000
V
VLU = 11.5 V
[3]
-
200
mA
[4]
55
+150
C
40
+105
C
operating device
[1]
Pass level; Human Body Model (HBM), according to Ref. 8 “JESD22-A114”
[2]
Pass level; Charged-Device Model (CDM), according to Ref. 9 “JESD22-C101”
[3]
Pass level; latch-up testing according to Ref. 10 “JESD78” at maximum ambient temperature (Tamb(max)).
[4]
According to the store and transport requirements (see Ref. 14 “UM10569”) the devices have to be stored at a temperature of +8 C to
+45 C and a humidity of 25 % to 75 %.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
12. Static characteristics
Table 19. Static characteristics
VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 8.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
supply voltage
VLCD 6.5 V
1.8
-
5.5
V
VLCD > 6.5 V
2.5
-
5.5
V
VDD < 2.5 V
2.5
-
6.5
V
2.5
-
8.0
V
-
3.5
7
A
-
2.7
-
A
-
23
32
A
-
13
-
A
VSS
-
0.3VDD
V
0.7VDD
-
VDD
V
on pins CLK and SYNC
1
-
-
mA
on pin SDA
3
-
-
mA
Supplies
VDD
VLCD
LCD supply voltage
VDD 2.5 V
supply current
IDD
fclk(ext) = 1536 Hz
[1][2]
VDD = 3.0 V; Tamb = 25 C
IDD(LCD)
LCD supply current
fclk(ext) = 1536 Hz
[1]
VLCD = 3.0 V;
Tamb = 25 C
Logic[3]
VIL
LOW-level input voltage
on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC,
A0, A1, T1, SA0, SCL, SDA
VIH
HIGH-level input voltage
on pins CLK, SYNC, OSC,
A0, A1, T1, SA0, SCL, SDA
IOL
LOW-level output current
output sink current;
VOL = 0.4 V; VDD = 5 V
[4][5]
IOH(CLK)
HIGH-level output current
on pin CLK
output source current;
VOH = 4.6 V; VDD = 5 V
1
-
-
mA
IL
leakage current
VI = VDD or VSS;
on pins CLK, SCL, SDA, A0,
A1, T1, SA0
1
-
+1
A
IL(OSC)
leakage current on pin
OSC
VI = VDD
1
-
+1
A
CI
input capacitance
-
-
7
pF
100
-
+100
mV
on pins BP0 to BP3
-
1.5
-
k
on pins S0 to S39
-
6.0
-
k
[6]
LCD outputs
VO
output voltage variation
on pins BP0 to BP3 and
S0 to S39
RO
output resistance
VLCD = 5 V
[7]
[1]
LCD outputs are open-circuit; inputs at VSS or VDD; external clock with 50 % duty factor; I2C-bus inactive.
[2]
For typical values, see Figure 23.
[3]
The I2C-bus interface of the PCA85276 is 5 V tolerant.
[4]
When tested, I2C pins SCL and SDA have no diode to VDD and may be driven to the VI limiting values given in Table 18 (see Figure 22
as well).
[5]
Propagation delay of driver between clock (CLK) and LCD driving signals.
[6]
Periodically sampled, not 100 % tested.
[7]
Outputs measured one at a time.
PCA85276
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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Tamb = 30 C; 1:4 multiplex drive mode; VLCD = 6.5 V; fclk(ext) = 1.536 kHz; all RAM written with
logic 1; no display connected; I2C-bus inactive.
Fig 23. Typical IDD with respect to VDD
PCA85276
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
13. Dynamic characteristics
Table 20. Dynamic characteristics
VDD = 1.8 V to 5.5 V; VSS = 0 V; VLCD = 2.5 V to 8.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +105 C; unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Clock
fclk(int)
internal clock frequency
fclk(ext)
external clock frequency
ffr
frame frequency
[1]
3505
4800
6240
Hz
960
-
6720
Hz
internal clock
146
200
260
Hz
external clock
40
-
280
Hz
tclk(H)
HIGH-level clock time
60
-
-
s
tclk(L)
LOW-level clock time
60
-
-
s
-
30
-
ns
Synchronization
tPD(SYNC_N) SYNC propagation delay
tSYNC_NL
SYNC LOW time
tPD(drv)
driver propagation delay
VLCD = 5 V
[2]
1
-
-
s
-
-
30
s
I2C-bus[3]
Pin SCL
fSCL
SCL clock frequency
-
-
400
kHz
tLOW
LOW period of the SCL
clock
1.3
-
-
s
tHIGH
HIGH period of the SCL
clock
0.6
-
-
s
tSU;DAT
data set-up time
100
-
-
ns
tHD;DAT
data hold time
0
-
-
ns
Pin SDA
Pins SCL and SDA
tBUF
bus free time between a
STOP and START
condition
1.3
-
-
s
tSU;STO
set-up time for STOP
condition
0.6
-
-
s
tHD;STA
hold time (repeated)
START condition
0.6
-
-
s
tSU;STA
set-up time for a repeated
START condition
0.6
-
-
s
tr
rise time of both SDA and
SCL signals
fSCL = 400 kHz
-
-
0.3
s
fSCL < 125 kHz
-
-
1.0
s
tf
fall time of both SDA and
SCL signals
-
-
0.3
s
Cb
capacitive load for each
bus line
-
-
400
pF
tw(spike)
spike pulse width
-
-
50
ns
on the I2C-bus
[1]
Typical output duty factor: 50 % measured at the CLK output pin.
[2]
Not tested in production.
PCA85276
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
[3]
All timing values are valid within the operating supply voltage and ambient temperature range and are referenced to VIL and VIH with an
input voltage swing of VSS to VDD.
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Fig 25. I2C-bus timing waveforms
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
14. Application information
14.1 Cascaded operation
Large display configurations of up to 8 PCA85276 can be recognized on the same I2C-bus
by using the 2-bit hardware subaddress (A0 and A1) and the programmable I2C-bus slave
address (SA0).
Table 21.
Addressing cascaded PCA85276
Cluster
Bit SA0
Pin A1
Pin A0
Device
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
3
0
0
4
0
1
5
1
0
6
1
1
7
2
1
When cascaded PCA85276 are synchronized, they can share the backplane signals from
one of the devices in the cascade. The other PCA85276 of the cascade contribute
additional segment outputs. The backplanes can either be connected together to enhance
the drive capability or some can be left open-circuit (such as the ones from the slave
in Figure 26) or just some of the master and some of the slave will be taken to facilitate the
layout of the PCB.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
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PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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(1) Is master (OSC connected to VSS).
(2) Is slave (OSC connected to VDD).
Fig 26. Cascaded PCA85276 configuration
The SYNC line is provided to maintain the correct synchronization between all cascaded
PCA85276. Synchronization is guaranteed after a power-on and initialization. The only
time that SYNC is likely to be needed is if synchronization is accidentally lost (e.g. by
noise in adverse electrical environments or by defining a multiplex drive mode when
PCA85276 with different SA0 levels are cascaded).
SYNC is organized as an input/output pin. The output selection is realized as an
open-drain driver with an internal pull-up resistor. A PCA85276 asserts the SYNC line at
the onset of its last active backplane signal and monitors the SYNC line at all other times.
If synchronization in the cascade is lost, it is restored by the first PCA85276 to assert
SYNC. The timing relationship between the backplane waveforms and the SYNC signal
for the various drive modes of the PCA85276 are shown in Figure 27.
The PCA85276 can always be cascaded with other devices of the same type or
conditionally with other devices of the same family. This allows optimal drive selection for
a given number of pixels to display. Figure 27 shows the timing of the synchronization
signals.
Only one master but multiple slaves are allowed in a cascade. All devices in the cascade
have to use the same clock whether it is supplied externally or provided by the master.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
If an external clock source is used, all PCA85276 in the cascade must be configured such
as to receive the clock from that external source (pin OSC connected to VDD). Thereby it
must be ensured that the clock tree is designed such that on all PCA85276 the clock
propagation delay from the clock source to all PCA85276 in the cascade is as equal as
possible since otherwise synchronization artifacts may occur.
In mixed cascading configurations, care has to be taken that the specifications of the
individual cascaded devices are always met.
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Fig 27. Synchronization of the cascade for the various PCA85276 drive modes
15. Test information
15.1 Quality information
This product has been qualified in accordance with the Automotive Electronics Council
(AEC) standard Q100 - Failure mechanism based stress test qualification for integrated
circuits, and is suitable for use in automotive applications.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
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39 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
16. Package outline
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Fig 28. Package outline SOT364-1 (TSSOP56) of PCA85276ATT
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
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40 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
17. Handling information
All input and output pins are protected against ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) under
normal handling. When handling Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) devices ensure that
all normal precautions are taken as described in JESD625-A, IEC 61340-5 or equivalent
standards.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
18. Packing information
18.1 Tape and reel information
For tape and reel packing information, please see Ref. 12 “SOT364-1_118” on page 49.
19. Soldering of SMD packages
This text provides a very brief insight into a complex technology. A more in-depth account
of soldering ICs can be found in Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow
soldering description”.
19.1 Introduction to soldering
Soldering is one of the most common methods through which packages are attached to
Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), to form electrical circuits. The soldered joint provides both
the mechanical and the electrical connection. There is no single soldering method that is
ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and
Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) are mixed on one printed wiring board; however, it is not
suitable for fine pitch SMDs. Reflow soldering is ideal for the small pitches and high
densities that come with increased miniaturization.
19.2 Wave and reflow soldering
Wave soldering is a joining technology in which the joints are made by solder coming from
a standing wave of liquid solder. The wave soldering process is suitable for the following:
• Through-hole components
• Leaded or leadless SMDs, which are glued to the surface of the printed circuit board
Not all SMDs can be wave soldered. Packages with solder balls, and some leadless
packages which have solder lands underneath the body, cannot be wave soldered. Also,
leaded SMDs with leads having a pitch smaller than ~0.6 mm cannot be wave soldered,
due to an increased probability of bridging.
The reflow soldering process involves applying solder paste to a board, followed by
component placement and exposure to a temperature profile. Leaded packages,
packages with solder balls, and leadless packages are all reflow solderable.
Key characteristics in both wave and reflow soldering are:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Board specifications, including the board finish, solder masks and vias
Package footprints, including solder thieves and orientation
The moisture sensitivity level of the packages
Package placement
Inspection and repair
Lead-free soldering versus SnPb soldering
19.3 Wave soldering
Key characteristics in wave soldering are:
PCA85276
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
• Process issues, such as application of adhesive and flux, clinching of leads, board
transport, the solder wave parameters, and the time during which components are
exposed to the wave
• Solder bath specifications, including temperature and impurities
19.4 Reflow soldering
Key characteristics in reflow soldering are:
• Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reflow process usually leads to
higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 29) than a SnPb process, thus
reducing the process window
• Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process
window for a mix of large and small components on one board
• Reflow temperature profile; this profile includes preheat, reflow (in which the board is
heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak
temperature is high enough for the solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste
characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the
packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package
depends on package thickness and volume and is classified in accordance with
Table 22 and 23
Table 22.
SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020D)
Package thickness (mm)
Package reflow temperature (C)
Volume (mm3)
< 350
350
< 2.5
235
220
2.5
220
220
Table 23.
Lead-free process (from J-STD-020D)
Package thickness (mm)
Package reflow temperature (C)
Volume (mm3)
< 350
350 to 2000
> 2000
< 1.6
260
260
260
1.6 to 2.5
260
250
245
> 2.5
250
245
245
Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all
times.
Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reflow
soldering, see Figure 29.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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PCA85276
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Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
temperature
maximum peak temperature
= MSL limit, damage level
minimum peak temperature
= minimum soldering temperature
peak
temperature
time
001aac844
MSL: Moisture Sensitivity Level
Fig 29. Temperature profiles for large and small components
For further information on temperature profiles, refer to Application Note AN10365
“Surface mount reflow soldering description”.
20. Footprint information
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
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44 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
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Fig 30. Footprint information for reflow soldering of SOT364-1 (TSSOP56) of PCA85276ATT
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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NXP Semiconductors
PCA85276
Product data sheet
21. Appendix
21.1 LCD segment driver selection
Table 24.
Selection of LCD segment drivers
Type name
Number of elements at MUX
ffr (Hz)
Interface Package
AECQ100
PCA8553DTT
40
80
120 160 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 5.5 32 to 256[1]
N
N
40 to 105 I2C / SPI
TSSOP56 Y
PCA8546ATT
-
-
-
176 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
TSSOP56 Y
PCA8546BTT
-
-
-
176 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 95
SPI
TSSOP56 Y
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
300[1]
Y
40 to 95
I2C
TQFP64
Y
60 to
300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 95
SPI
TQFP64
Y
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
LQFP80
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
LQFP80
Y
Y
40 to 105
I2C
LQFP80
Y
TSSOP56 N
88
-
-
-
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
PCA8547BHT
44
88
176 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
PCF85134HL
60
120 180 240 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 82
PCA85134H
PCA8543AHL
60
60
-
176 -
1:9
VLCD (V) VLCD (V)
Tamb (C)
charge temperature
pump
compensat.
1:2 1:3
44
1:6 1:8
VLCD (V)
1:1
PCA8547AHT
1:4
VDD (V)
120 180 240 120 -
240 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
82
Y
N
60 to
300[1]
300[1]
Y
PCF8545ATT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 5.5 60 to
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
PCF8545BTT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 5.5 60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 85
SPI
TSSOP56 N
PCF8536AT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
TSSOP56 N
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
300[1]
N
N
40 to 85
SPI
TSSOP56 N
300[1]
TSSOP56 Y
PCF8536BT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
N
N
40 to 95
PCA8536BT
-
-
-
176 252 320 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
N
N
40 to 95
SPI
TSSOP56 Y
PCF8537AH
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 85
I2C
TQFP64
N
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 85
SPI
TQFP64
N
300[1]
PCF8537BH
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to
Y
Y
40 to 95
TQFP64
Y
PCA8537BH
44
88
-
176 276 352 -
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 95
SPI
TQFP64
Y
PCA9620H
60
120 -
240 320 480 -
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
60 to 300[1]
Y
Y
40 to 105 I2C
LQFP80
Y
2.5 to 5.5 2.5 to 9
300[1]
Y
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
PCA9620U
60
120 -
240 320 480 -
60 to
Y
PCF8576DU
40
80
120 160 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 77
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
PCF8576EUG
40
80
120 160 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 77
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
N
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
Bare die
Y
PCA8576FUG
PCF85133U
PCA85133U
40
80
80
80
120 160 -
160 240 320 160 240 320 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
200
N
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 6.5 82,
110[2]
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
110[2]
82,
N
N
PCA85276
46 of 55
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
PCA8537AH
I2C
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
PCA8536AT
I2C
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx
Selection of LCD segment drivers …continued
Type name
Number of elements at MUX
ffr (Hz)
VLCD (V) VLCD (V)
Tamb (C)
charge temperature
pump
compensat.
AECQ100
PCA85233UG
80
160 240 320 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 2.5 to 8
150, 220[2]
N
N
40 to 105 I2C
Bare die
Y
PCF85132U
160 320 480 640 -
-
-
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 8
60 to 90[1]
N
N
40 to 85
I2C
Bare die
N
Y
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
N
40 to 95
I2C
Bare die
Y
N
N
40 to 95
I2C
Bare die
Y
Y
Y
40 to 85
I2C / SPI
Bare die
N
Y
40 to 105
I2C
Bare die
Y
PCA85132U
408 -
160 320 480 640 -
PCA85232U
160 320 480 640 -
PCF8538UG
102 204 -
PCA8538UG
102 204 -
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
[1]
Software programmable.
[2]
Hardware selectable.
-
1:9
Interface Package
1:2 1:3
102 204 -
1:6 1:8
VLCD (V)
1:1
PCA8530DUG
1:4
VDD (V)
-
2.5 to 5.5 4 to 12
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 8
1.8 to 5.5 1.8 to 8
45 to
300[1]
60 to
90[1]
117 to
176[1]
408 612 816 918 2.5 to 5.5 4 to 12
45 to 300[1]
408 612 816 918 2.5 to 5.5 4 to 12
300[1]
45 to
Y
N
Y
/ SPI
/ SPI
NXP Semiconductors
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Table 24.
PCA85276
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
47 of 55
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
22. Abbreviations
Table 25.
Acronym
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Abbreviations
Description
AEC
Automotive Electronics Council
CMOS
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
CDM
Charged Device Model
DC
Direct Current
HBM
Human Body Model
I2C
Inter-Integrated Circuit
IC
Integrated Circuit
LCD
Liquid Crystal Display
LSB
Least Significant Bit
MSB
Most Significant Bit
MSL
Moisture Sensitivity Level
PCB
Printed-Circuit Board
RAM
Random Access Memory
RC
Resistance and Capacitance
RMS
Root Mean Square
SCL
Serial CLock line
SDA
Serial DAta Line
SMD
Surface-Mount Device
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
48 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
23. References
[1]
AN10365 — Surface mount reflow soldering description
[2]
AN10853 — ESD and EMC sensitivity of IC
[3]
AN11267 — EMC and system level ESD design guidelines for LCD drivers
[4]
AN11494 — Cascading NXP LCD segment drivers
[5]
IEC 60134 — Rating systems for electronic tubes and valves and analogous
semiconductor devices
[6]
IEC 61340-5 — Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena
[7]
IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020D — Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for
Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices
[8]
JESD22-A114 — Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Sensitivity Testing Human Body
Model (HBM)
[9]
JESD22-C101 — Field-Induced Charged-Device Model Test Method for
Electrostatic-Discharge-Withstand Thresholds of Microelectronic Components
[10] JESD78 — IC Latch-Up Test
[11] JESD625-A — Requirements for Handling Electrostatic-Discharge-Sensitive
(ESDS) Devices
[12] SOT364-1_118 — TSSOP56; Reel pack; SMD, 13", packing information
[13] UM10204 — I2C-bus specification and user manual
[14] UM10569 — Store and transport requirements
PCA85276
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
49 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
24. Revision history
Table 26.
Revision history
Document ID
Release date
Data sheet status
Change notice
Supersedes
PCA85276 v.2
20150409
Product data sheet
-
PCA85276 v.1
Modifications:
PCA85276 v.1
PCA85276
Product data sheet
•
The format of this data sheet has been redesigned to comply with the new identity guidelines
of NXP Semiconductors.
•
•
•
•
•
Legal texts have been adapted to the new company name where appropriate.
Changed pin configuration due to redesign
Enhanced SYNC pin description in Table 4
Changed typical value of IDD and IDD(LCD) in Table 19
Adjusted description of initialization (Section 7.4)
20140211
Product data sheet
-
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
-
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
50 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
25. Legal information
25.1 Data sheet status
Document status[1][2]
Product status[3]
Definition
Objective [short] data sheet
Development
This document contains data from the objective specification for product development.
Preliminary [short] data sheet
Qualification
This document contains data from the preliminary specification.
Product [short] data sheet
Production
This document contains the product specification.
[1]
Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.
[2]
The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.
[3]
The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status
information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com.
25.2 Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of
use of such information.
Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet
with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended
for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and
full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data
sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales
office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the
full data sheet shall prevail.
Product specification — The information and data provided in a Product
data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between
NXP Semiconductors and its customer, unless NXP Semiconductors and
customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however,
shall an agreement be valid in which the NXP Semiconductors product is
deemed to offer functions and qualities beyond those described in the
Product data sheet.
25.3 Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information. NXP Semiconductors takes no
responsibility for the content in this document if provided by an information
source outside of NXP Semiconductors.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost
profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal or
replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability towards
customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance
with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP Semiconductors.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
PCA85276
Product data sheet
Suitability for use in automotive applications — This NXP
Semiconductors product has been qualified for use in automotive
applications. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the product is not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors and its suppliers accept no liability for
inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or
applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer's own
risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP Semiconductors
accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product
design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the NXP
Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the customer’s applications and
products planned, as well as for the planned application and use of
customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate
design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their
applications and products.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in
the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent
damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper)
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in
the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the
Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or
repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect
the quality and reliability of the device.
Terms and conditions of commercial sale — NXP Semiconductors
products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial
sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, unless otherwise
agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual
agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective
agreement shall apply. NXP Semiconductors hereby expressly objects to
applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the
purchase of NXP Semiconductors products by customer.
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
51 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or
construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant,
conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or
other industrial or intellectual property rights.
Translations — A non-English (translated) version of a document is for
reference only. The English version shall prevail in case of any discrepancy
between the translated and English versions.
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior
authorization from competent authorities.
25.4 Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
I2C-bus — logo is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors N.V.
26. Contact information
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
PCA85276
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
52 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
27. Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Table 12.
Table 13.
Table 14.
Table 15.
Table 16.
Table 17.
Table 18.
Table 19.
Table 20.
Table 21.
Table 22.
Table 23.
Table 24.
Table 25.
Table 26.
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Marking codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Pin description of PCA85276ATT (TSSOP56) . .5
Definition of the PCA85276 commands . . . . . . .6
C bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Mode-set command bit description . . . . . . . . . .7
Load-data-pointer command bit description . . . .7
Device-select command bit description . . . . . . .7
Bank-select command bit description . . . . . . . .8
Blink-select command bit description . . . . . . . . .8
Blink frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Standard RAM filling in 1:3 multiplex drive
mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Entire RAM filling by rewriting in 1:3 multiplex
drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Selection of possible display configurations . . .17
Biasing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
I2C slave address byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Addressing cascaded PCA85276 . . . . . . . . . .37
SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020D) . . .43
Lead-free process (from J-STD-020D) . . . . . .43
Selection of LCD segment drivers . . . . . . . . . .46
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
PCA85276
Product data sheet
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
53 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
28. Figures
Fig 1.
Fig 2.
Fig 3.
Fig 4.
Fig 5.
Fig 6.
Fig 7.
Fig 8.
Fig 9.
Fig 10.
Fig 11.
Fig 12.
Fig 13.
Fig 14.
Fig 15.
Fig 16.
Fig 17.
Fig 18.
Fig 19.
Fig 20.
Fig 21.
Fig 22.
Fig 23.
Fig 24.
Fig 25.
Fig 26.
Fig 27.
Fig 28.
Fig 29.
Fig 30.
Block diagram of PCA85276 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Pinning diagram for PCA85276ATT (TSSOP56) . .4
Display RAM bitmap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Relationship between LCD layout, drive mode,
display RAM filling order, and display data
transmitted over the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
RAM banks in static and multiplex driving
mode 1:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Bank selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Example of the Bank-select command with
multiplex drive mode 1:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Example of displays suitable for PCA85276 . . . .17
Typical system configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Electro-optical characteristic: relative transmission
curve of the liquid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Static drive mode waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄2 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Waveforms for the 1:2 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄3 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Waveforms for the 1:3 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄3 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Waveforms for the 1:4 multiplex drive mode
with 1⁄3 bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Definition of START and STOP conditions. . . . . .27
System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Acknowledgement of the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . .28
I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Format of command byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Device protection circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Typical IDD with respect to VDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Driver timing waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
I2C-bus timing waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Cascaded PCA85276 configuration. . . . . . . . . . .38
Synchronization of the cascade for the various
PCA85276 drive modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Package outline SOT364-1 (TSSOP56) of
PCA85276ATT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Temperature profiles for large and small
components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Footprint information for reflow soldering of
SOT364-1 (TSSOP56) of PCA85276ATT . . . . . .45
PCA85276
Product data sheet
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Rev. 2 — 9 April 2015
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015. All rights reserved.
54 of 55
PCA85276
NXP Semiconductors
Automotive 40 x 4 LCD driver
29. Contents
1
2
3
3.1
4
5
6
6.1
6.2
7
7.1
7.1.1
7.1.2
7.1.3
7.1.4
7.1.5
7.1.5.1
7.2
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
7.3.5
7.3.5.1
7.3.5.2
7.3.5.3
7.4
7.5
7.5.1
7.5.2
7.5.3
7.5.3.1
7.5.4
7.5.4.1
7.5.4.2
7.5.4.3
7.5.4.4
7.6
7.6.1
7.6.2
8
8.1
General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Features and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Ordering options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Commands of PCA85276 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Command: mode-set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Command: load-data-pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Command: device-select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Command: bank-select. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Command: blink-select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Blinking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Clock and frame frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Internal clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
External clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Display RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Data pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Subaddress counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
RAM writing in 1:3 multiplex drive mode. . . . . 13
Writing over the RAM address boundary . . . . 14
Bank selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Output bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Input bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
RAM bank switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Possible display configurations . . . . . . . . . . . 17
LCD bias generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Display register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
LCD voltage selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Electro-optical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
LCD drive mode waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Static drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1:2 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1:3 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1:4 Multiplex drive mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Backplane and segment outputs . . . . . . . . . . 26
Backplane outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Segment outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Characteristics of the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
9
10
11
12
13
14
14.1
15
15.1
16
17
18
18.1
19
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.4
20
21
21.1
22
23
24
25
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.4
26
27
28
29
START and STOP conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
System configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C-bus controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Input filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Safety notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dynamic characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cascaded operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Quality information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Package outline. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Handling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tape and reel information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Soldering of SMD packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction to soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wave and reflow soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wave soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reflow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Footprint information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LCD segment driver selection . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disclaimers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
27
28
29
29
29
31
32
32
33
35
37
37
39
39
40
41
42
42
42
42
42
42
43
44
46
46
48
49
50
51
51
51
51
52
52
53
54
55
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
© NXP Semiconductors N.V. 2015.
All rights reserved.
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
Date of release: 9 April 2015
Document identifier: PCA85276