DATASHEET

ISL6205
I GNS
D ES
W
E
T
OR N
DUC
E D F TE P R O
D
N
TI TU
MME
Data Sheet
ECO E SUBS 208
R
T
L6
NO
I BL
S
S
I
S
PO
TM
November 2001
High Voltage Synchronous Rectified Buck
MOSFET Driver
The ISL6205 is a high-voltage, high-frequency, dual
MOSFET driver specifically designed to drive two N-Channel
power MOSFETs in a synchronous rectified buck converter
topology in mobile computing applications. This driver
combined with an ISL6223 or other Intersil Multi-Phase Buck
PWM controllers forms a complete single-stage core-voltage
regulator solution for advanced mobile microprocessors.
The ISL6205 allows users to select a gate voltage ranging
from 5V to 12V for the lower MOSFET in the synchronous
rectified buck converter. Using a 12V gate voltage reduces
the RDS(ON) and the conduction loss in the MOSFET. The
upper gate is required to run at 5V.
The ISL6205 features a three-state PWM input that, working
together with any Intersil multiphase PWM controllers, will
prevent a negative transient on the output voltage when the
output is being shut down. This feature eliminates the
schottky diode that is usually seen in a microprocessor
power system for protecting the microprocessor from any
reversed output voltage damage.
The output drivers in the ISL6205 have the capacity to
efficiently switch power MOSFETs at frequencies up to
2MHz. Each driver is capable of driving a 3000pF load with a
30ns propagation delay and 50ns transition time. This
product implements bootstrapping on the upper gate,
reducing implementation complexity and allowing the use of
higher performance, cost effective, N-Channel MOSFETs.
Adaptive shoot-through protection is integrated to prevent
both MOSFETs from conducting simultaneously.
ISL6205CB
ISL6205CB-T
TEMP. RANGE
(oC)
-10 to 85
9047
Features
• Drives Two N-Channel MOSFETs
• Adaptive Shoot-Through Protection
• 25V Operation voltage
• Supports High Switching Frequency
- Fast Output Rise Time
- Propagation Delay 30ns
• Small 8 Lead SOIC Package
• Dual Gate-Drive Voltages for the Lower MOSFET for
Optimal Efficiency
• Three-State Input for Output Stage Shutdown
• Supply Under Voltage Protection
• 5V or 12V Drive for the Lower MOSFET
Applications
• Core Voltage Supplies for Intel Mobile Pentium® III,
AMD® Mobile Athlon™ or Duron™ Microprocessors
• High Frequency Low Profile DC-DC Converters
• High Current Low Voltage DC-DC Converters
• High Input Voltage DC-DC Converters
Related Literature
• Technical Brief TB363 “Guidelines for Handling and
Processing Moisture Sensitive Surface Mount Devices
(SMDs)”
Pinout
ISL6205CB, (SOIC)
TOP VIEW
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER
File Number
PACKAGE
8 Ld SOIC
PKG. NO.
M8.15
8 Ld SOIC Tape and Reel
UGATE
1
8
PHASE
BOOT
2
7
PVCC
PWM
3
6
VCC
GND
4
5
LGATE
ti
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 321-724-7143 Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright © Intersil Americas Inc. 2002. All Rights Reserved
Pentium® is a registered trademark of Intel Corp. AMD® is a registered trademark of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Athlon™ and Duron™ are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
ISL6205
Block Diagram
PVCC
BOOT
VCC
UGATE
+5V
10K
PWM
PHASE
SHOOTTHROUGH
PROTECTION
CONTROL
LOGIC
PVCC
LGATE
10K
GND
Typical Application - Two Phase Converter Using ISL6223 and ISL6205 Gate Drivers
VBAT
+12V
+5V
+5V
+VCORE
BOOT
FB
COMP
VCC
VCC
VSEN
PWM1
PWM
PWM2
PGOOD
PVCC
UGATE
DRIVE
ISL6205
PHASE
LGATE
MAIN
CONTROL
ISL6223
VID
ISEN1
ISEN2
FS
DACOUT
GND
+12V
VBAT
+5V
BOOT
PVCC
UGATE
DRIVE
ISL6205
PHASE
VCC
PWM
LGATE
2
ISL6205
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
Supply Voltage (VCC, PVCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15V
Phase Voltage (VPHASE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -5V to 25V
BOOT Voltage (VBOOT - VPHASE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7V
Input Voltage (VPWM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GND - 0.3V to 7V
UGATE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VPHASE - 0.3V to VBOOT + 0.3V
LGATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .GND - 0.3V to VPVCC + 0.3V
ESD Rating
Human Body Model (Per MIL-STD-883 Method 3015.7) . . . . .4kV
Machine Model (Per EIAJ ED-4701 Method C-111) . . . . . . .200V
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
θJA (oC/W)
SOIC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
97
Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Package) . . . . . . . .150oC
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . -65oC to 150oC
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . .300oC
(SOIC - Lead Tips Only)
Operating Conditions
Ambient Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -10oC to 85oC
Maximum Operating Junction Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125oC
Supply Voltage, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12V ±10%
Supply Voltage Range, PVCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5V to 12V
Boot Voltage (VBOOT - VPHASE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5V ±10%
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTE:
1. θJA is measured with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board in free air. See Tech Brief TB379 for details.
Electrical Specifications
Recommended Operating Conditions, Unless Otherwise Noted
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
fPWM = 1MHz, VPVCC = 5V
-
1.7
3.6
mA
fPWM = 1MHz, VPVCC = 12V
-
1.7
3.6
mA
fPWM = 1MHz, VPVCC = 5V
-
0.8
3.3
mA
VCC Rising Threshold
9.6
9.95
10.4
V
VCC Falling Threshold
8.7
9.1
9.5
V
-
500
-
μA
PWM Rising Threshold
3.45
3.6
-
V
PWM Falling Threshold
-
1.45
1.55
V
VCC SUPPLY CURRENT
Bias Supply Current
IVCC
Upper Gate Bias Current
IPVCC
POWER-ON RESET
PWM INPUT
Input Current
IPWM
VPWM = 0 or 5V (See Block Diagram)
UGATE Rise Time
tRUGATE
VPVCC = 5V, 3nF Load
-
20
-
ns
LGATE Rise Time
tRLGATE
VPVCC = 5V, 3nF Load
-
50
-
ns
UGATE Fall Time
tFUGATE
VPVCC = 5V, 3nF Load
-
20
-
ns
LGATE Fall Time
tFLGATE
VPVCC = 5V, 3nF Load
-
20
-
ns
UGATE Turn-Off Propagation Delay
tPDLUGATE
VPVCC = 5V, 3nF Load
-
30
-
ns
LGATE Turn-Off Propagation Delay
tPDLLGATE
VPVCC = 5V, 3nF Load
-
20
-
ns
1.4
-
3.6
V
-
230
-
ns
Shutdown Window
Shutdown Holdoff Time
OUTPUT
Upper Drive Source Impedance
RUGATE
500mA Current
-
1.6
3.1
Ω
Upper Drive Sink Impedance
RUGATE
500mA Current
-
2.3
4.0
Ω
Lower Drive Source Current
ILGATE
VPVCC = 5V
600
850
-
mA
Lower Drive Sink Impedance
RLGATE
500mA Current
-
1.2
2.5
Ω
3
ISL6205
Functional Pin Description
PVCC (Pin 7)
UGATE (Pin 1)
This pin supplies the lower gate drive bias. Connect this pin
to either +12V or +5V.
Upper gate drive output. Connect to the gate of high-side
power N-Channel MOSFET.
BOOT (Pin 2)
Floating bootstrap supply pin for the upper gate drive.
Connect the bootstrap capacitor between this pin and the
PHASE pin and a schottky diode between this pin and a 5V
supply. The bootstrap capacitor provides the charge to turn
on the upper MOSFET. See the Bootstrap Diode and
Capacitor section under DESCRIPTION for guidance in
choosing the appropriate capacitor value.
PWM (Pin 3)
The PWM signal is the control input for the driver. The
PWM signal can enter three distinct states during
operation. See the three-state PWM Input section under
DESCRIPTION for further details. Connect this pin to the
PWM output of the controller.
GND (Pin 4)
Ground pin. All signals are referenced to this node.
LGATE (Pin 5)
Lower gate drive output. Connect to gate of the low-side
power N-Channel MOSFET.
VCC (Pin 6)
Connect this pin to a +12V bias supply. Place a high quality
bypass capacitor from this pin to GND.
PHASE (Pin 8)
Connect this pin to the source of the upper MOSFET and the
drain of the lower MOSFET. The PHASE voltage is
monitored for adaptive shoot-through protection. This pin
also provides a return path for the upper gate drive.
Description
Operation
Designed for versatility and speed, the ISL6205 dual
MOSFET driver controls both high-side and low-side
N-Channel FETs from one externally provided PWM signal.
The upper and lower gates are held low until the driver is
initialized. Once the VCC voltage surpasses the VCC Rising
Threshold (See Electrical Specifications), the PWM signal
takes control of gate transitions. A rising edge on PWM
initiates the turn-off of the lower MOSFET (see Timing
Diagram). After a short propagation delay [tPDLLGATE], the
lower gate begins to fall. Typical fall times [tFLGATE] are
provided in the Electrical Specifications section. Adaptive
shoot-through circuitry monitors the LGATE voltage and
determines the upper gate delay time [tPDHUGATE] based
on how quickly the LGATE voltage drops below 0.5V. This
prevents both the lower and upper MOSFETs from
conducting simultaneously or shoot-through. Once this delay
period is complete the upper gate drive begins to rise
[tRUGATE] and the upper MOSFET turns on.
Timing Diagram
PWM
tPDHUGATE
tPDLUGATE
tRUGATE
tFUGATE
UGATE
LGATE
tRLGATE
tFLGATE
tPDLLGATE
tPDHLGATE
4
ISL6205
Three-State PWM Input
where QGATE is the amount of gate charge required to fully
charge the gate of the upper MOSFET. The ΔVBOOT term is
defined as the allowable droop in the rail of the upper drive.
A unique feature of the ISL6205 and other Intersil drivers is
the addition of a shutdown window to the PWM input. If the
PWM signal enters and remains within the shutdown window
for a set holdoff time, the output drivers are disabled and
both MOSFET gates are pulled and held low. The shutdown
state is removed when the PWM signal moves outside the
shutdown window. Otherwise, the PWM rising and falling
thresholds outlined in the Electrical Specifications determine
when the lower and upper gates are enabled.
As an example, suppose a MOSFET is chosen as the upper
MOSFET. Its gate charge, QGATE , from the data sheet is
30nC for a 5V upper gate drive. We will assume a 200mV
droop in drive voltage over the PWM cycle. We find that a
bootstrap capacitance of at least 0.15μF is required. The
next larger standard value capacitance is 0.22μF. A good
quality ceramic capacitor is recommended.
Adaptive Shoot-Through Protection
Gate Driver Voltage
Both drivers incorporate adaptive shoot-through protection
to prevent upper and lower MOSFETs from conducting
simultaneously and shorting the input supply. This is
accomplished by ensuring the falling gate has turned off one
MOSFET before the other is allowed to rise.
The ISL6205 provides the user flexibility in choosing the
lower gate drive voltage. Simply applying a voltage from 5V
up to 12V on PVCC will set the lower driver rail voltage. The
upper gate driver rail voltage is set independently by
connecting a 5V supply to the anode of the bootstrap diode,
as shown in Figure 1.
During turn-off of the lower MOSFET, the LGATE voltage is
monitored until it reaches a 0.5V threshold, at which time the
UGATE is released to rise. Adaptive shoot-through circuitry
monitors the PHASE voltage during UGATE turn-off. Once
PHASE has dropped below a threshold of 3V, the LGATE is
allowed to rise. PHASE continues to be monitored during the
lower gate rise time. If PHASE has not dropped below 3V
within 250ns of the falling edge of the PWM input, LGATE is
taken high to keep the bootstrap capacitor charged. If the
PHASE voltage exceeds the 3V threshold during this period
and remains high for longer than 2μs, the LGATE transitions
low. Both upper and lower gates are then held low until the
next rising edge of the PWM signal.
Power-On Reset (POR) Function
During initial startup, the VCC voltage rise is monitored and
gate drives are held low until a typical VCC rising threshold
of 9.95V is reached. Once the rising VCC threshold is
exceeded, the PWM input signal takes control of the gate
drives. If VCC drops below a typical VCC falling threshold of
9.1V during operation, then both gate drives are again held
low. This condition persists until the VCC voltage exceeds
the VCC rising threshold.
Bootstrap Diode and Capacitor
An external bootstrap diode and a bootstrap capacitor are
required for the bootstrap circuit. The connection is shown in
the typical application schematic. Typically a schottky diode
should be employed for its low forward drop. Its voltage
rating must be greater than the maximum battery voltage
plus 5V.
The bootstrap capacitor must have a maximum voltage
rating above the maximum battery voltage plus 5V. The
bootstrap capacitor can be chosen from the following
equation:
Q GATE
C BOOT ≥ -----------------------ΔV BOOT
5
+12V
+5V
VBAT
BOOT
VCC
PWM
PVCC
UGATE
DRIVE
ISL6205
PHASE
LGATE
FIGURE 1. APPLICATION CIRCUIT TO USE 12V LOWER
GATE VOLTAGE AND 5V UPPER GATE VOLTAGE
Power Dissipation
Package power dissipation is mainly a function of the
switching frequency and total gate charge of the selected
MOSFETs. Calculating the power dissipation in the driver for
a desired application is critical to ensuring safe operation.
Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation level
will push the IC beyond the maximum recommended
operating junction temperature of 125oC. The maximum
allowable IC power dissipation for the SO-8 package is
approximately 800mW. When designing the driver into an
application, it is recommended that the following calculation
be performed to ensure safe operation at the desired
frequency for the selected MOSFETs. The power dissipated
by the driver is approximated as:
P = f sw ( V U Q + V L Q ) + I DDQ V
U
L
CC
where fsw is the switching frequency of the PWM signal. VU
and VL represent the upper and lower gate rail voltage. QU
and QL is the upper and lower gate charge determined by
MOSFET selection and any external capacitance added to
the gate pins. The IDDQ VCC product is the quiescent power
of the driver and is typically 30mW.
ISL6205
Small Outline Plastic Packages (SOIC)
M8.15 (JEDEC MS-012-AA ISSUE C)
N
INDEX
AREA
0.25(0.010) M
H
8 LEAD NARROW BODY SMALL OUTLINE PLASTIC
PACKAGE
B M
E
INCHES
-B-
1
2
SYMBOL
3
L
SEATING PLANE
-A-
h x 45o
A
D
-C-
e
µα
A1
B
0.25(0.010) M
C
C A M
B S
1. Symbols are defined in the “MO Series Symbol List” in Section 2.2 of
Publication Number 95.
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
NOTES
A
0.0532
0.0688
1.35
1.75
-
0.0040
0.0098
0.10
0.25
-
B
0.013
0.020
0.33
0.51
9
C
0.0075
0.0098
0.19
0.25
-
D
0.1890
0.1968
4.80
5.00
3
E
0.1497
0.1574
3.80
4.00
4
0.050 BSC
1.27 BSC
-
H
0.2284
0.2440
5.80
6.20
-
h
0.0099
0.0196
0.25
0.50
5
L
0.016
0.050
0.40
1.27
6
8o
0o
N
NOTES:
MAX
A1
e
0.10(0.004)
MIN
α
8
0o
8
7
8o
Rev. 0 12/93
2. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982.
3. Dimension “D” does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs.
Mold flash, protrusion and gate burrs shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006
inch) per side.
4. Dimension “E” does not include interlead flash or protrusions. Interlead flash and protrusions shall not exceed 0.25mm (0.010 inch) per
side.
5. The chamfer on the body is optional. If it is not present, a visual index
feature must be located within the crosshatched area.
6. “L” is the length of terminal for soldering to a substrate.
7. “N” is the number of terminal positions.
8. Terminal numbers are shown for reference only.
9. The lead width “B”, as measured 0.36mm (0.014 inch) or greater
above the seating plane, shall not exceed a maximum value of
0.61mm (0.024 inch).
10. Controlling dimension: MILLIMETER. Converted inch dimensions
are not necessarily exact.
All Intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
Sales Office Headquarters
NORTH AMERICA
Intersil Corporation
7585 Irvine Center Drive
Suite 100
Irvine, CA 92618
TEL: (949) 341-7000
FAX: (949) 341-7123
Intersil Corporation
2401 Palm Bay Rd.
Palm Bay, FL 32905
TEL: (321) 724-7000
FAX: (321) 724-7946
6
EUROPE
Intersil Europe Sarl
Ave. William Graisse, 3
1006 Lausanne
Switzerland
TEL: +41 21 6140560
FAX: +41 21 6140579
ASIA
Intersil Corporation
Unit 1804 18/F Guangdong Water Building
83 Austin Road
TST, Kowloon Hong Kong
TEL: +852 2723 6339
FAX: +852 2730 1433