DATASHEET

HIP6013
IGNS
EW DES
N
R
O
F
NDED
EM ENT
COMME
R E PL AC
D
t
E
NO T R E
D
N
E
Center a
COMM
Support November
c
l
NO RE
s
a
/t
ic
m
n
Data
Sheet
3, 2005
o
h
c
.c
tersil
our Te
contact ERSIL or www.in
T
1-888-IN
Buck Pulse-Width Modulator (PWM)
Controller
FN4325.1
Features
• Drives N-Channel MOSFET
The HIP6013 provides complete control and protection for a
DC-DC converter optimized for high-performance
microprocessor applications. It is designed to drive an
N-Channel MOSFET in a standard buck topology. The
HIP6013 integrates all of the control, output adjustment,
monitoring and protection functions into a single package.
The output voltage of the converter can be precisely
regulated to as low as 1.27V, with a maximum tolerance of
1.5% over temperature and line voltage variations.
The HIP6013 provides simple, single feedback loop, voltagemode control with fast transient response. It includes a
200kHz free-running triangle-wave oscillator that is
adjustable from below 50kHz to over 1MHz. The error
amplifier features a 15MHz gain-bandwidth product and
6V/s slew rate which enables high converter bandwidth for
fast transient performance. The resulting PWM duty ratio
ranges from 0% to 100%.
The HIP6013 protects against over-current conditions by
inhibiting PWM operation. The HIP6013 monitors the current
by using the rDS(ON) of the upper MOSFET which eliminates
the need for a current sensing resistor.
• Operates From +5V or +12V Input
• Simple Single-Loop Control Design
- Voltage-Mode PWM Control
• Fast Transient Response
- High-Bandwidth Error Amplifier
- Full 0% to 100% Duty Ratio
• Excellent Output Voltage Regulation
- 1.27V Internal Reference
- 1.5% Over Line Voltage and Temperature
• Over-Current Fault Monitor
- Does Not Require Extra Current Sensing Element
- Uses MOSFET’s rDS(on)
• Small Converter Size
- Constant Frequency Operation
- 200kHz Free-Running Oscillator Programmable from
50kHz to Over 1MHz
• 14 Ld, SOIC Package
• Pb-Free Plus Anneal Available (RoHS Compliant)
Applications
Ordering Information
PART
NUMBER
HIP6013CB
PART
TEMP. RANGE
PKG.
MARKING
(°C)
PACKAGE DWG. #
HIP6013CB
HIP6013CBZ 6013CBZ
(See Note)
• Power Supply for Pentium®, Pentium Pro, PowerPC™
and Alpha™ Microprocessors
• High-Power 5V to 3.xV DC-DC Regulators
0 to 70
14 Ld SOIC M14.15
• Low-Voltage Distributed Power Supplies
0 to 70
14 Ld SOIC M14.15
(Pb-free)
Pinout
HIP6013
(SOIC)
TOP VIEW
Add “-T” suffix for tape and reel.
NOTE: Intersil Pb-free plus anneal products employ special Pb-free
material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100%
matte tin plate termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and
compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil
Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow
temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of
IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
RT
1
14 VCC
OCSET
2
13 NC
SS
3
12 NC
COMP
4
11 NC
FB
5
10 BOOT
EN
6
9
UGATE
GND
7
8
PHASE
PowerPC™ is a trademark of IBM.
Alpha™ is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation.
Pentium® is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 1997, 2002, 2005. All Rights Reserved
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
HIP6013
Typical Application
12V
+5V OR +12V
VCC
SS
OCSET
MONITOR AND
PROTECTION
EN
BOOT
RT
OSC
UGATE
HIP6013
+VO
PHASE
REF
+
-
FB
+
COMP
Block Diagram
VCC
POWER-ON
RESET (POR)
EN
10A
+
-
OCSET
200A
OVERCURRENT
SOFTSTART
SS
BOOT
UGATE
4V
PHASE
REFERENCE
1.27 VREF
PWM
COMPARATOR
+
-
+
-
INHIBIT
PWM
GATE
CONTROL
LOGIC
ERROR
AMP
FB
COMP
GND
OSCILLATOR
RT
2
HIP6013
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
Supply Voltage, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +15.0V
Boot Voltage, VBOOT - VPHASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +15.0V
Input, Output or I/O Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . GND -0.3V to VCC +0.3V
ESD Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Class 2
Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 1)
JA (oC/W)
SOIC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
185
Maximum Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150oC
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . -65oC to 150oC
Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . 300oC
(SOIC - Lead Tips Only)
Operating Conditions
Supply Voltage, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +12V 10%
Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0oC to 70oC
Junction Temperature Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0oC to 125oC
CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
NOTE:
1. JA is measured with the component mounted on an evaluation PC board in free air.
Electrical Specifications
Recommended Operating Conditions, Unless Otherwise Noted
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
EN = VCC; UGATE and LGATE Open
-
5
-
mA
EN = 0V
-
50
100
A
Rising VCC Threshold
VOCSET = 4.5VDC
-
-
10.4
V
Falling VCC Threshold
VOCSET = 4.5VDC
8.8
-
-
V
Enable - Input threshold Voltage
VOCSET = 4.5VDC
0.8
-
2.0
V
-
1.27
-
V
VCC SUPPLY CURRENT
Nominal Supply
ICC
Shutdown Supply
POWER-ON RESET
Rising VOCSET Threshold
OSCILLATOR
Free Running Frequency
RT = OPEN, VCC = 12
180
200
220
kHz
Total Variation
6k < RT to GND < 200k
-20
-
+20
%
-
1.9
-
VP-P
1.251
1.270
1.289
V
-
88
-
dB
-
15
-
MHz
-
6
-
V/s
350
500
-
mA
-
5.5
10

170
200
230
A
-
10
-
A
VOSC
Ramp Amplitude
RT = OPEN
REFERENCE
Reference Voltage
ERROR AMPLIFIER
DC Gain
Gain-Bandwidth Product
GBW
Slew Rate
SR
COMP = 10pF
GATE DRIVERS
Upper Gate Source
IUGATE
VBOOT - VPHASE = 12V, VUGATE = 6V
Upper Gate Sink
RUGATE
ILGATE = 0.3A
IOCSET
VOCSET = 4.5VDC
PROTECTION
OCSET Current Source
Soft Start Current
ISS
3
HIP6013
Typical Performance Curves
40
1000
CGATE = 3300pF
30
25
ICC (mA)
RESISTANCE (k)
35
RT PULLUP
TO +12V
RT PULLDOWN
TO VSS
100
10
20
CGATE = 1000pF
15
10
CGATE = 10pF
5
10
100
1000
0
100
200
SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz)
FIGURE 1. RT RESISTANCE vs FREQUENCY
Functional Pin Description
300 400 500 600 700 800
SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz)
900
1000
FIGURE 2. BIAS SUPPLY CURRENT vs FREQUENCY
SS (Pin 3)
RT
1
14 VCC
OCSET
2
13 NC
SS
3
12 NC
COMP
4
11 NC
FB
5
10 BOOT
EN
6
9
UGATE
GND
7
8
PHASE
Connect a capacitor from this pin to ground. This capacitor,
along with an internal 10A current source, sets the soft-start
interval of the converter.
COMP (Pin 4) and FB (Pin 5)
COMP and FB are the available external pins of the error
amplifier. The FB pin is the inverting input of the error
amplifier and the COMP pin is the error amplifier output.
These pins are used to compensate the voltage-control
feedback loop of the converter.
RT (Pin 1)
EN (Pin 6)
This pin provides oscillator switching frequency adjustment.
By placing a resistor (RT) from this pin to GND, the nominal
200kHz switching frequency is increased according to the
following equation:
This pin is the open-collector enable pin. Pull this pin below
1V to disable the converter. In shutdown, the soft start pin is
discharged and the UGATE and LGATE pins are held low.
GND (Pin 7)
6
5  10
Fs  200kHz + -----------------RT
(RT to GND)
Conversely, connecting a pull-up resistor (RT) from this pin
to VCC reduces the switching frequency according to the
following equation.:
7
4  10
Fs  200kHz – -----------------RT
(RT to 12V)
Signal ground for the IC. All voltage levels are measured
with respect to this pin.
PHASE (Pin 8)
Connect the PHASE pin to the upper MOSFET source. This
pin is used to monitor the voltage drop across the MOSFET
for over-current protection. This pin also provides the return
path for the upper gate drive.
OCSET (Pin 2)
UGATE (Pin 9)
Connect a resistor (ROCSET) from this pin to the drain of the
upper MOSFET. ROCSET, an internal 200A current source
(IOCS), and the upper MOSFET on-resistance (rDS(ON)) set
the converter over-current (OC) trip point according to the
following equation:
Connect UGATE to the upper MOSFET gate. This pin
provides the gate drive for the upper MOSFET.
I OCS  R OCSET
I PEAK = -------------------------------------------r DS  ON 
BOOT (Pin 10)
This pin provides bias voltage to the upper MOSFET driver.
A bootstrap circuit may be used to create a BOOT voltage
suitable to drive a standard N-Channel MOSFET.
VCC (Pin 14)
An over-current trip cycles the soft-start function.
4
Provide a 12V bias supply for the chip to this pin.
HIP6013
Functional Description
Initialization
The HIP6013 automatically initializes upon receipt of power.
Special sequencing of the input supplies is not necessary.
The Power-On Reset (POR) function continually monitors
the input supply voltages and the enable (EN) pin. The POR
monitors the bias voltage at the VCC pin and the input
voltage (VIN) on the OCSET pin. The level on OCSET is
equal to VIN less a fixed voltage drop (see over-current
protection). With the EN pin held to VCC, the POR function
initiates soft start operation after both input supply voltages
exceed their POR thresholds. For operation with a single
+12V power source, VIN and VCC are equivalent and the
+12V power source must exceed the rising VCC threshold
before POR initiates operation.
The Power-On Reset (POR) function inhibits operation with
the chip disabled (EN pin low). With both input supplies
above their POR thresholds, transitioning the EN pin high
initiates a soft start interval.
Soft Start
The POR function initiates the soft start sequence. An
internal 10A current source charges an external capacitor
(CSS) on the SS pin to 4V. Soft start clamps the error
amplifier output (COMP pin) and reference input (+ terminal
of error amp) to the SS pin voltage. Figure 3 shows the soft
start interval with CSS = 0.1F. Initially the clamp on the error
amplifier (COMP pin) controls the converter’s output voltage.
At t1 in Figure 3, the SS voltage reaches the valley of the
oscillator’s triangle wave. The oscillator’s triangular
waveform is compared to the ramping error amplifier voltage.
This generates PHASE pulses of increasing width that
charge the output capacitor(s). This interval of increasing
pulse width continues to t2. With sufficient output voltage,
the clamp on the reference input controls the output voltage.
This is the interval between t2 and t3 in Figure 3. At t3 the
SS voltage exceeds the reference voltage and the output
voltage is in regulation. This method provides a rapid and
controlled output voltage rise.
5
SOFT-START
(1V/DIV)
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
(1V/DIV)
0V
0V
t1
t2
t3
TIME (5ms/DIV)
FIGURE 3. SOFT-START INTERVAL
Over-Current Protection
The over-current function protects the converter from a
shorted output by using the upper MOSFET’s on-resistance,
rDS(ON) to monitor the current. This method enhances the
converter’s efficiency and reduces cost by eliminating a
current sensing resistor.
The over-current function cycles the soft-start function in a
hiccup mode to provide fault protection. A resistor (ROCSET)
programs the over-current trip level. An internal 200A
(typical) current sink develops a voltage across ROCSET that
is reference to VIN. When the voltage across the upper
MOSFET (also referenced to VIN) exceeds the voltage
across ROCSET, the over-current function initiates a softstart sequence. The soft-start function discharges CSS with
a 10A current sink and inhibits PWM operation. The softstart function recharges CSS, and PWM operation resumes
with the error amplifier clamped to the SS voltage. Should an
overload occur while recharging CSS, the soft start function
inhibits PWM operation while fully charging CSS to 4V to
complete its cycle. Figure 4 shows this operation with an
overload condition. Note that the inductor current increases
to over 15A during the CSS charging interval and causes an
over-current trip. The converter dissipates very little power
with this method. The measured input power for the
conditions of Figure 4 is 2.5W.
HIP6013
4V
HIP6013
2V
0V
UGATE
Q1
LO
VOUT
PHASE
15A
CIN
10A
D2
CO
5A
LOAD
OUTPUT INDUCTOR
SOFT-START
VIN
0A
RETURN
TIME (20ms/DIV)
The over-current function will trip at a peak inductor current
(IPEAK) determined by:
I OCSET  R OCSET
I PEAK = --------------------------------------------------r DS  ON 
where IOCSET is the internal OCSET current source (200A
- typical). The OC trip point varies mainly due to the
MOSFET’s rDS(ON) variations. To avoid over-current tripping
in the normal operating load range, find the ROCSET resistor
from the equation above with:
1. The maximum rDS(ON) at the highest junction temperature.
2. The minimum IOCSET from the specification table.
3. Determine I PEAK for I PEAK  I OUT  MAX  +  I   2 ,
where I is the output inductor ripple current.
For an equation for the ripple current see the section under
component guidelines titled ‘Output Inductor Selection’.
A small ceramic capacitor should be placed in parallel with
ROCSET to smooth the voltage across ROCSET in the
presence of switching noise on the input voltage.
FIGURE 5. PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
POWER AND GROUND PLANES OR ISLANDS
Figure 5 shows the critical power components of the
converter. To minimize the voltage overshoot the
interconnecting wires indicated by heavy lines should be part
of ground or power plane in a printed circuit board. The
components shown in Figure 6 should be located as close
together as possible. Please note that the capacitors CIN
and CO each represent numerous physical capacitors.
Locate the HIP6013 within 3 inches of the MOSFETs, Q1.
The circuit traces for the MOSFETs’ gate and source
connections from the HIP6013 must be sized to handle up to
1A peak current.
Figure 6 shows the circuit traces that require additional
layout consideration. Use single point and ground plane
construction for the circuits shown. Minimize any leakage
current paths on the SS PIN and locate the capacitor, Css
close to the SS pin because the internal current source is
only 10A. Provide local VCC decoupling between VCC and
GND pins. Locate the capacitor, CBOOT as close as practical
to the BOOT and PHASE pins.
+VIN
Application Guidelines
BOOT
D1
CBOOT
Layout Considerations
As in any high frequency switching converter, layout is very
important. Switching current from one power device to another
can generate voltage transients across the impedances of the
interconnecting bond wires and circuit traces. These
interconnecting impedances should be minimized by using
wide, short printed circuit traces. The critical components
should be located as close together as possible using ground
plane construction or single point grounding.
HIP6013
SS
Q1 LO
VCC
+12V
D2
CO
CVCC
CSS
GND
FIGURE 6. PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD
SMALL SIGNAL LAYOUT GUIDELINES
6
VOUT
PHASE
LOAD
FIGURE 4. OVER-CURRENT OPERATION
HIP6013
Feedback Compensation
Modulator Break Frequency Equations
Figure 7 highlights the voltage-mode control loop for a
synchronous-rectified buck converter. The output voltage
(Vout) is regulated to the Reference voltage level. The error
amplifier (Error Amp) output (VE/A) is compared with the
oscillator (OSC) triangular wave to provide a pulse-width
modulated (PWM) wave with an amplitude of Vin at the
PHASE node. The PWM wave is smoothed by the output
filter (Lo and Co).
1
F LC = --------------------------------------2  L O  C O
VIN
OSC
DRIVER
PWM
COMPARATOR
LO
-
DRIVER
+
VOSC
PHASE
VOUT
CO
ESR
(PARASITIC)
ZFB
The compensation network consists of the error amplifier
(internal to the HIP6013) and the impedance networks ZIN
and ZFB. The goal of the compensation network is to provide
a closed loop transfer function with the highest 0dB crossing
frequency (f0dB) and adequate phase margin. Phase margin
is the difference between the closed loop phase at f0dB and
180o The equations below relate the compensation
network’s poles, zeros and gain to the components (R1, R2,
R3, C1, C2, and C3) in Figure 8. Use these guidelines for
locating the poles and zeros of the compensation network:
Compensation Break Frequency Equations
1
F Z1 = --------------------------------2  R2  C1
1
F P1 = -----------------------------------------------------C1  C2
2  R2   ----------------------
 C1 + C2
1
F Z2 = ----------------------------------------------------2   R1 + R3   C3
1
F P2 = --------------------------------2  R3  C3
VE/A
-
ZIN
+
REFERENCE
ERROR
AMP
1
F ESR = -------------------------------------------2   ESR  C O 
1. Pick Gain (R2/R1) for desired converter bandwidth
DETAILED COMPENSATION COMPONENTS
ZFB
C2
C1
VOUT
ZIN
C3
R2
R3
R1
COMP
FB
+
HIP6013
REF
FIGURE 7. VOLTAGE - MODE BUCK CONVERTER
COMPENSATION DESIGN
The modulator transfer function is the small-signal transfer
function of Vout/VE/A. This function is dominated by a DC
Gain and the output filter (Lo and Co), with a double pole
break frequency at FLC and a zero at FESR. The DC Gain of
the modulator is simply the input voltage (Vin) divided by the
peak-to-peak oscillator voltage VOSC.
7
2. Place 1ST Zero Below Filter’s Double Pole
(~75% FLC)
3. Place 2ND Zero at Filter’s Double Pole
4. Place 1ST Pole at the ESR Zero
5. Place 2ND Pole at Half the Switching Frequency
6. Check Gain against Error Amplifier’s Open-Loop Gain
7. Estimate Phase Margin - Repeat if Necessary
Figure 8 shows an asymptotic plot of the DC-DC converter’s
gain vs frequency. The actual Modulator Gain has a high
gain peak do to the high Q factor of the output filter and is
not shown in Figure 8. Using the above guidelines should
give a Compensation Gain similar to the curve plotted. The
open loop error amplifier gain bounds the compensation
gain. Check the compensation gain at FP2 with the
capabilities of the error amplifier. The Closed Loop Gain is
constructed on the log-log graph of Figure 8 by adding the
Modulator Gain (in dB) to the Compensation Gain (in dB).
This is equivalent to multiplying the modulator transfer
function to the compensation transfer function and plotting
the gain.
The compensation gain uses external impedance networks
ZFB and ZIN to provide a stable, high bandwidth (BW) overall
loop. A stable control loop has a gain crossing with
-20dB/decade slope and a phase margin greater than 45o.
Include worst case component variations when determining
phase margin.
HIP6013
100
FZ1 FZ2
FP1
component. In most cases, multiple electrolytic capacitors of
small case size perform better than a single large case
capacitor.
FP2
80
OPEN LOOP
ERROR AMP GAIN
GAIN (dB)
60
40
20
20LOG
(R2/R1)
20LOG
(VIN/VOSC)
0
-40
-60
COMPENSATION
GAIN
MODULATOR
GAIN
-20
CLOSED LOOP
GAIN
FLC
10
100
1K
FESR
10K
100K
1M
10M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FIGURE 8. ASYMPTOTIC BODE PLOT OF CONVERTER GAIN
Component Selection Guidelines
Output Capacitor Selection
An output capacitor is required to filter the output and supply
the load transient current. The filtering requirements are a
function of the switching frequency and the ripple current.
The load transient requirements are a function of the slew
rate (di/dt) and the magnitude of the transient load current.
These requirements are generally met with a mix of
capacitors and careful layout.
Modern microprocessors produce transient load rates above
1A/ns. High frequency capacitors initially supply the transient
and slow the current load rate seen by the bulk capacitors.
The bulk filter capacitor values are generally determined by
the ESR (effective series resistance) and voltage rating
requirements rather than actual capacitance requirements.
High frequency decoupling capacitors should be placed as
close to the power pins of the load as physically possible. Be
careful not to add inductance in the circuit board wiring that
could cancel the usefulness of these low inductance
components. Consult with the manufacturer of the load on
specific decoupling requirements. For example, Intel
recommends that the high frequency decoupling for the
Pentium-Pro be composed of at least forty (40) 1.0F
ceramic capacitors in the 1206 surface-mount package.
Use only specialized low-ESR capacitors intended for
switching-regulator applications for the bulk capacitors. The
bulk capacitor’s ESR will determine the output ripple voltage
and the initial voltage drop after a high slew-rate transient.
An aluminum electrolytic capacitor's ESR value is related to
the case size with lower ESR available in larger case sizes.
However, the equivalent series inductance (ESL) of these
capacitors increases with case size and can reduce the
usefulness of the capacitor to high slew-rate transient
loading. Unfortunately, ESL is not a specified parameter.
Work with your capacitor supplier and measure the
capacitor’s impedance with frequency to select a suitable
8
Output Inductor Selection
The output inductor is selected to meet the output voltage
ripple requirements and minimize the converter’s response
time to the load transient. The inductor value determines the
converter’s ripple current and the ripple voltage is a function
of the ripple current. The ripple voltage and current are
approximated by the following equations:
V IN - V OUT V OUT
I = --------------------------------  ---------------Fs  L O
V IN
V OUT = I x ESR
Increasing the value of inductance reduces the ripple current
and voltage. However, the large inductance values reduce
the converter’s response time to a load transient.
One of the parameters limiting the converter’s response to a
load transient is the time required to change the inductor
current. Given a sufficiently fast control loop design, the
HIP6013 will provide either 0% or 100% duty cycle in
response to a load transient. The response time is the time
required to slew the inductor current from an initial current
value to the transient current level. During this interval the
difference between the inductor current and the transient
current level must be supplied by the output capacitor.
Minimizing the response time can minimize the output
capacitance required.
The response time to a transient is different for the
application of load and the removal of load. The following
equations give the approximate response time interval for
application and removal of a transient load:
tRISE =
LO x ITRAN
VIN - VO
tFALL =
LO x ITRAN
VO
where: ITRAN is the transient load current step, tRISE is the
response time to the application of load, and tFALL is the
response time to the removal of load. With a +5V input
source, the worst case response time can be either at the
application or removal of load and dependent upon the
output voltage setting. Be sure to check both of these
equations at the minimum and maximum output levels for
the worst case response time.
Input Capacitor Selection
Use a mix of input bypass capacitors to control the voltage
overshoot across the MOSFETs. Use small ceramic
capacitors for high frequency decoupling and bulk capacitors
to supply the current needed each time Q1 turns on. Place
the small ceramic capacitors physically close to the
MOSFETs and between the drain of Q1 and the anode of
Schottky diode D2.
The important parameters for the bulk input capacitor are the
voltage rating and the RMS current rating. For reliable
HIP6013
operation, select the bulk capacitor with voltage and current
ratings above the maximum input voltage and largest RMS
current required by the circuit. The capacitor voltage rating
should be at least 1.25 times greater than the maximum
input voltage and a voltage rating of 1.5 times is a
conservative guideline. The RMS current rating requirement
for the input capacitor of a buck regulator is approximately
1/2 the DC load current.
For a through hole design, several electrolytic capacitors
(Panasonic HFQ series or Nichicon PL series or Sanyo MVGX or equivalent) may be needed. For surface mount
designs, solid tantalum capacitors can be used, but caution
must be exercised with regard to the capacitor surge current
rating. These capacitors must be capable of handling the
surge-current at power-up. The TPS series available from
AVX, and the 593D series from Sprague are both surge
current tested.
MOSFET Selection/Considerations
The HIP6013 requires an N-Channel power MOSFET. It
should be selected based upon rDS(ON), gate supply
requirements, and thermal management requirements.
In high-current applications, the MOSFET power
dissipation, package selection and heatsink are the
dominant design factors. The power dissipation includes
two loss components; conduction loss and switching loss.
The conduction losses are the largest component of power
dissipation for the MOSFET. Switching losses also
contribute to the overall MOSFET power loss (see the
equations below). These equations assume linear voltagecurrent transitions and are approximations. The gatecharge losses are dissipated by the HIP6013 and don't
heat the MOSFET. However, large gate-charge increases
the switching interval, tSW, which increases the upper
MOSFET switching losses. Ensure that the MOSFET is
within its maximum junction temperature at high ambient
temperature by calculating the temperature rise according
to package thermal-resistance specifications. A separate
heatsink may be necessary depending upon MOSFET
power, package type, ambient temperature and air flow.
Standard-gate MOSFETs are normally recommended for
use with the HIP6013. However, logic-level gate MOSFETs
can be used under special circumstances. The input voltage,
upper gate drive level, and the MOSFET’s absolute gate-tosource voltage rating determine whether logic-level
MOSFETs are appropriate.
Figure 9 shows the upper gate drive (BOOT pin) supplied by
a bootstrap circuit from VCC. The boot capacitor, CBOOT
develops a floating supply voltage referenced to the PHASE
pin. This supply is refreshed each cycle to a voltage of VCC
less the boot diode drop (VD) when the lower MOSFET, Q2
turns on. A logic-level MOSFET can only be used for Q1 if
the MOSFET’s absolute gate-to-source voltage rating
exceeds the maximum voltage applied to VCC.
Figure 10 shows the upper gate drive supplied by a direct
connection to VCC. This option should only be used in
converter systems where the main input voltage is +5VDC
or less. The peak upper gate-to-source voltage is
approximately VCC less the input supply. For +5V main
power and +12VDC for the bias, the gate-to-source voltage
of Q1 is 7V. A logic-level MOSFET is a good choice for Q1
and a logic-level MOSFET is a good choice for Q1 under
these conditions.
+12V
DBOOT
+5V OR +12V
VCC
HIP6013
BOOT
CBOOT
UGATE
Q1
PHASE
NOTE:
VG-S  VCC - VD
D2
+
GND
FIGURE 9. UPPER GATE DRIVE - BOOTSTRAP OPTION
PCOND = IO2 x rDS(ON) x D
1
PSW = 2 IO x VIN x tSW x Fs
Where: D is the duty cycle = VO / VIN,
tSW is the switching interval, and
Fs is the switching frequency.
9
HIP6013
Schottky Selection
+12V
+5V OR LESS
VCC
BOOT
HIP6013
Q1
UGATE
NOTE:
VG-S  VCC - 5V
PHASE
D2
+
GND
FIGURE 10. UPPER GATE DRIVE - DIRECT VCC DRIVE OPTION
10
Rectifier D2 conducts when the upper MOSFET Q1 is off.
The diode should be a Schottky type for low power losses.
The power dissipation in the Schottky rectifier is
approximated by:
PCOND = IO x Vf x (1 - D)
Where: D is the duty cycle = VO /VIN, and
Vf is the schottky forward voltage drop
In addition to power dissipation, package selection and
heatsink requirements are the main design tradeoffs in
choosing the Schottky rectifier. Since the three factors are
interrelated, the selection process is an iterative procedure.
The maximum junction temperature of the rectifier must
remain below the manufacturer’s specified value, typically
125oC. By using the package thermal resistance specification
and the Schottky power dissipation equation (shown above),
the junction temperature of the rectifier can be estimated. Be
sure to use the available airflow and ambient temperature to
determine the junction temperature rise.
HIP6013
HIP6013 DC-DC Converter Application Circuit
voltage tolerance range, the HIP6013-based converter may
require additional output capacitance. Detailed information on
the circuit, including a complete Bill-of-Materials and circuit
board description, can be found in application note AN9722.
See Intersil’s home page on the web: http://www.intersil.com.
The figure below shows a DC-DC converter circuit for a
microprocessor application, originally designed to employ the
HIP6007 controller. Given the similarities between the
HIP6007 and HIP6013 controllers, the circuit can be
implemented using the HIP6013 controller without any
modifications. However, given the expanded reference
12VCC
VIN
C17-18
2x 1F
1206
C1-5
3x 680F
RTN
C12
1F
1206
R7
10K
C19
VCC
6
ENABLE
2 OCSET
MONITOR AND
PROTECTION
SS 3
10 BOOT
RT 1
C13
0.1F
CR1
4148
1000pF
14
R6
3.01K
PHASE
TP2
Q1
U1
C14
CR3
12 NC
+
4
R2
1K
VOUT
13 NC
+
-
FB 5
L2
8 PHASE
HIP6013
REF
C20
0.1F
9 UGATE
OSC
R1
SPARE
11 NC
7
COMP
C6-11
4x 1000F
GND
RTN
JP1
33pF
C15
R5
0.01F
15K
COMP
TP1
C16
R3
1K
R4
SPARE
SPARE
Component Selection Notes:
C1-C3 - 3 each 680F 25W VDC, Sanyo MV-GX or equivalent.
C6-C9 - 4 each 1000F 6.3W VDC, Sanyo MV-GX or equivalent.
L1 - Core: Micrometals T60-52; Winding: 14 Turns of 17AWG.
CR1 - 1N4148 or equivalent.
CR3 - 15A, 35V Schottky, Motorola MBR1535CT or equivalent.
Q1 - Intersil MOSFET; RFP25N05.
FIGURE 11. DC-DC CONVERTER APPLICATION CIRCUIT
For additional products, see www.intersil.com/en/products.html
Intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9001 quality systems as noted
in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/en/support/qualandreliability.html
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time
without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be
accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third
parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
11