ISL9222A ® Data Sheet July 28, 2008 FN6704.0 High Input Voltage Charger Features The ISL9222A is a cost-effective, fully integrated high input voltage single-cell Li-ion battery charger. The charger uses a CC/CV charge profile required by Li-ion batteries. The charger accepts an input voltage up to 28V but is disabled when the input voltage exceeds the OVP threshold, typically 7.2V, to prevent excessive power dissipation. The 28V rating eliminates the overvoltage protection circuit required in a low input voltage charger. • Complete Charger for Single-Cell Li-ion/Polymer Batteries The charge current is user programmable with an external resistor. When the battery voltage is lower than typically 2.55V, the charger preconditions the battery with typically 20% of the programmed charge current. An internal thermal foldback function protects the charger from any thermal failure. • Charge Current Thermal Foldback for Thermal Protection AN indication pin PPR allows simple interface to a microprocessor or LED. When no adapter is attached or when disabled, the charger draws less than 1µA leakage current from the battery. • Less Than 1µA Leakage Current off the Battery When No Input Power Attached or Charger Disabled • Integrated Pass Element and Current Sensor • No External Blocking Diode Required • Low Component Count and Cost • 1% Voltage Accuracy • Programmable Charge Current • Trickle Charge for Fully Discharged Batteries • 28V Maximum Voltage for the Power Input • Power Presence Indication • Ambient Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C • 8 Ld 2x3 TDFN Package Ordering Information PART NUMBER (Note) PART MARKING ISL9222AIRTZ-T 22A TEMP. RANGE (°C) • Auxiliary OR-gate For System Booting Logic PACKAGE (Pb-Free) PKG. DWG. # -40 to +85 8 Ld 2x3 TDFN L8.2x3A Tape and Reel • Pb-Free (RoHS Compliant) Applications • Mobile Phones *Please refer to TB347 for details on reel specifications. • Blue-Tooth Devices NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. • PDAs • MP3 Players • Stand-Alone Chargers • Other Handheld Devices Pinout ISL9222A (8 LD TDFN) TOP VIEW 1 VIN 1 8 BAT PPR 2 7 IREF JIGON 3 6 JIGIN EN 4 5 GND CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2008. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. ISL9222A Absolute Maximum Ratings (Reference to GND) Thermal Information VIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 30V JIGIN, IREF, BAT, JIGON, EN, PPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3V to 7V Thermal Resistance θJA (°C/W) θJC (°C/W) TDFN Package (Notes 1, 2). . . . . . . . . 59 4.5 Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Package) . . . . . . . +150°C Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C Pb-free reflow profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp Recommended Operating Conditions Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +85°C Maximum Supply Voltage (VIN Pin). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28V Operating Supply Voltage (VIN Pin). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5V to 6.5V Programmed Charge Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100mA to 900mA CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty. NOTES: 1. θJA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See Tech Brief TB379. 2. For θJC, the “case temp” location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside. Electrical Specifications Typical values are tested at VIN = 5V and the ambient temperature at +25°C. All maximum and minimum values are established under the recommended operating supply voltage range and ambient temperature range, unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 3.5 3.9 4.4 V 2.8 3.4 3.50 V - 90 150 mV 10 50 - mV 6.9 7.2 7.5 V 100 240 400 mV VIN floating - - 1.0 µA POWER-ON RESET Rising POR Threshold VPOR Falling POR Threshold VPOR VBAT = 3.0V, use PPR to indicate the comparator output. VIN-BAT OFFSET VOLTAGE Rising Edge VOS Falling Edge VOS Monitor output current to indicate the comparator output. (Note 3) OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION Overvoltage Protection Threshold VOVP OVP Threshold Hysteresis Use PPR to indicate the comparator output. (Note 4) STANDBY CURRENT BAT Pin Sink Current ISTANDBY VIN Pin Supply Current IVIN Charger disabled - 350 600 µA VIN Pin Supply Current IVIN Charger enabled - 500 800 µA VCH 4.3V < VIN < 6.5V, charge current = 20mA 4.158 4.20 4.242 V - 0.6 - Ω VOLTAGE REGULATION Output Voltage PMOS ON-Resistance rDS(ON) VBAT = 3.8V, charge current = 0.5A CHARGE CURRENT (Note 5) IREF Pin Output Voltage IIREF VBAT = 3.8V 1.18 1.22 1.26 V Constant Charge Current ICHG RIREF = 24.3kΩ, VBAT = 2.8V - 4.0V 440 500 550 mA Trickle Charge Current ITRK RIREF = 24.3kΩ, VBAT = 2.4V 70 95 130 mA VMIN 2.45 2.55 2.65 V VMINHYS - 250 - mV TFOLD - 115 - °C PRECONDITIONING CHARGE THRESHOLD Preconditioning Charge Threshold Voltage Preconditioning Voltage Hysteresis INTERNAL TEMPERATURE MONITORING Charge Current Foldback Threshold 2 FN6704.0 July 28, 2008 ISL9222A Electrical Specifications Typical values are tested at VIN = 5V and the ambient temperature at +25°C. All maximum and minimum values are established under the recommended operating supply voltage range and ambient temperature range, unless otherwise noted. (Continued) PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS LOGIC INPUT AND OUTPUTS EN Pin Logic Input High VIH 1.3 - - V EN Pin Logic Input Low VIL - - 0.5 V 100 200 400 kΩ 10 20 - mA - - 1 µA 2.5 - 5.0 V IJIGON(SOURCE) = -60μA, 2.5V < VBAT < 5.0V VBAT 0.1V - - V IJIGON(SOURCE) = -1mA, 3.0V < VBAT < 5.0V VBAT0.45V - - V - - 0.1 V 2.1 - - V 0.75 x VBAT - - V - - 0.4 V - - 0.25x VBAT V 100 240 400 kΩ EN Pin Internal Pull-Down Resistance PPR Sink Current when LOW Pin Voltage = 1V PPR Leakage Current When HIGH VPPR = 6.5V AUXILIARY OR GATE Supply Voltage VS JIGON High Level Output Voltage VOH JIGON Out Put Low Voltage VOL IJIGON(SINK) = 1mA JIGIN Pin Logic Input High VIH VBAT = 2.5V 3.0V < VBAT < 5.0V JIGIN Pin Logic Input Low VIL VBAT = 2.5V 3.0V < VBAT < 5.0V JIGIN Pin Internal Pull-Down Resistance NOTES: 3. The output is used to test the VOS threshold. The output current will toggle between 0 and the CC current when VOS crosses over the threshold. 4. For junction temperature below +100°C. 5. The charge current can be affected by the thermal foldback function if the IC under the test setup cannot dissipate the heat. Pin Descriptions GND - System ground. VIN - Power input. The absolute maximum input voltage is 28V. A 1µF or larger value X5R ceramic capacitor is recommended to be placed very close to the input pin for decoupling purpose. Additional capacitance may be required to provide a stable input voltage. JIGIN - One of the inputs of the 2-input auxiliary OR gate. There is a 240kΩ pull down resistor at this pin. PPR - Open-drain power presence indication. The open-drain MOSFET turns on when the input voltage is above the POR threshold but below the OVP threshold and off otherwise. This pin is capable to sink 10mA (minimum) current to drive an LED. The maximum voltage rating for this pin is 7V. This pin is independent on the EN-pin input. JIGON - Output pin of the auxiliary 2-input OR gate. One of the inputs is internal and is connected to the inverted PPR logic. The other input is from the JIGIN pin driven externally to provide system booting enable signal. EN - Enable input. This is a logic input pin to disable or enable the charger. Drive to HIGH to disable the charger. When this pin is driven to LOW or left floating, the charger is enabled. This pin has an internal 200kΩ pull-down resistor. 3 IREF - Charge-current program and monitoring pin. Connect a resistor between this pin and the GND pin to set the charge current limit determined by Equation 1: 12089 I REF = ----------------R IREF ( mA ) (EQ. 1) Where RIREF is in kΩ. The IREF pin voltage also monitors the actual charge current during the entire charge cycle, including the trickle, constant-current, and constant-voltage phases. When disabled, VIREF = 0V. BAT - Charger output pin. Connect this pin to the battery. A 1µF or larger X5R ceramic capacitor is recommended for decoupling and stability purposes. When the EN pin is pulled to logic HIGH, the BAT output is disabled. EPAD - Exposed pad. Connect as much copper as possible to this pad either on the component layer or other layers through thermal vias to enhance the thermal performance. FN6704.0 July 28, 2008 ISL9222A Typical Applications TO INPUT POWER BAT VIN R2 470 C1 1µF BATT C2 1 µF R1 1? SYSTEM CONTROLLER D1 PPR ISL9222A GND IREF RIREF EN GPIO R3 ON JIGIN JIGON BOOT OFF C3 TABLE 1. JIGON STATES POWER GOOD JIGIN VBAT VOLTAGE PRESENT, OR BATTERY ATTACHED No L No L Hi-Z No L Yes L Hi-Z No H No L Hi-Z No H Yes H Hi-Z Yes L X H Low Yes H X H Low 4 JIGON PPR FN6704.0 July 28, 2008 ISL9222A BAT VIN VOS POR PRE REG OVP BAT VREF VREF PPR VCC CHARGE CONTROL EN BAT EN VCC 200kΩ DIE TEMP 240kΩ GND +115OC JIGIN JIGON IREF FIGURE 1. BLOCK DIAGRAM TRICKLE CC CV 4.2V CHARGE VOLTAGE IREF CHARGE CURRENT 2.55V 19% IREF TIME FIGURE 2. TYPICAL CHARGE PROFILE Description The ISL9222A charges a Li-ion battery using a CC/CV profile. The constant current IREF is set with the external resistor RIREF (See Typical Applications circuit on page 4) and the constant voltage is fixed at 4.2V. If the battery voltage is below a typical 2.55V trickle-charge threshold, the ISL9222A charges the battery with a trickle current of 19% of IREF until the battery voltage rises above the trickle charge 5 threshold. Fast charge CC mode is maintained at the rate determined by programming IREF until the cell voltage rises to 4.2V. When the battery voltage reaches 4.2V, the charger enters a CV mode and regulates the battery voltage at 4.2V to fully charge the battery without the risk of over charge. The charger will continue to output the 4.2V voltage until the FN6704.0 July 28, 2008 ISL9222A input power is removed or the EN pin is pulled to HI. Figure 2 shows the typical charge waveforms after the power is on. HIGH to disable the charger. The threshold for HIGH is given in the Electrical Specifications table on page 2. A thermal foldback function reduces the charge current anytime when the die temperature reaches typically +115°C. This function guarantees safe operation when the printed-circuit board (PCB) is not capable of dissipating the heat generated by the linear charger. The ISL9222A accepts an input voltage up to 28V but disables charging when the input voltage exceeds the OVP threshold, typically 7.2V, to protect against unqualified or faulty AC adapters. IREF Pin PPR Indication The PPR pin is an open-drain output to indicate the presence of the ac adapter. Whenever the input voltage is higher than the POR threshold, the PPR pin turns on the internal open-drain MOSFET to indicate a logic LOW signal, independent on the EN pin input. When the internal open-drain FET is turned off, the PPR pin should leak less than 1µA current. When turned on, the PPR pin should be able to sink at least 10mA current under all operating conditions. The PPR pin can be used to drive an LED or to interface with a microprocessor. Power-Good Range The power-good range is defined by the following three conditions: 1. VIN > VPOR 2. VIN - VBAT > VOS The IREF pin has the two functions as described in “Pin Descriptions” on page 3. When setting the fast charge current, the charge current is guaranteed to have 10% accuracy with the charge current set at 500mA. When monitoring the charge current, the accuracy of the IREF pin voltage vs. the actual charge current is the same as the gain from the IREF pin current to the actual charge current. The accuracy is 10% at 500mA and is expected to drop to 30% of the actual current (not the set constant charge current) when the current drops to 50mA. Operation Without the Battery The ISL9222A relies on a battery for stability and is not guaranteed to be stable if the battery is not connected. With a battery, the charger will be stable with an output ceramic decoupling capacitor in the range of 1µF to 200µF. The maximum load current is limited by the dropout voltage or the thermal foldback. Dropout Voltage The constant current may not be maintained due to the rDS(ON) limit at a low input voltage. The worst case ON-resistance of the pass FET is 1.2Ω at the maximum operating temperature, thus if tested with 0.5A current and 3.8V battery voltage, constant current could not be maintained when the input voltage is below 4.4V. Thermal Foldback 3. VIN < VOVP where VOS is the offset voltage for the input and output voltage comparator, discussed shortly, and VOVP is the overvoltage protection threshold given in the Electrical Specifications table on page 2. All VPOR, VOS, and VOVP have hysteresis, as given in the Electrical Specification table on page 2. The charger will not charge the battery if the input voltage is not in the power-good range. Input and Output Comparator The charger will not be enabled unless the input voltage is higher than the battery voltage by an offset voltage VOS. The purpose of this comparator is to ensure that the charger is turned off when the input power is removed from the charger. Without this comparator, it is possible that the charger will fail to power-down when the input is removed and the current can leak through the PFET pass element to continue biasing the POR and the Pre-Regulator blocks shown in the Block Diagram on page 5. EN Input EN is an active-low logic input to enable the charger. Drive the EN pin to LOW or leave it floating to enable the charger. This pin has a 200kΩ internal pulldown resistor so when left floating, the input is equivalent to logic LOW. Drive this pin to 6 The thermal foldback function starts to reduce the charge current when the internal temperature reaches a typical value of +115°C. Auxiliary OR Gate The auxiliary OR gate provides a booting enable signal from from 2 possible inputs, the VIN power good signal, which is internal to the IC, or the external JIGIN signal. The supply voltage of the OR gate comes from VBAT. The JIGON states are summarized in Table 1. There is an internal pull-down resistor at the JIGIN pin so that when left floating, the input is a logic low. Applications Information Input Capacitor Selection The input capacitor is required to suppress the power supply transient response during transitions. Mainly, this capacitor is selected to avoid oscillation during the start up when the input supply is passing the POR threshold and the VIN-BAT comparator offset voltage. A 1µF or larger X5R ceramic capacitor is recommended. Due to the inductance of the power leads of the wall adapter or USB source, the input capacitor type must be properly selected to prevent high voltage transient during a hot-plug FN6704.0 July 28, 2008 ISL9222A event. A tantalum capacitor is a good choice for its high ESR, providing damping to the voltage transient. Multi-layer ceramic capacitors, however, have a very low ESR and hence when chosen as input capacitors, a 1Ω series resistor must be used (as shown in “Typical Applications” on page 4) to provide adequate damping. Output Capacitor Selection The criteria for selecting the output capacitor is to maintain the stability of the charger as well as to bypass any transient load current. The minimum capacitance is a 1µF X5R ceramic capacitor. The actual capacitance connected to the output is dependent on the actual application requirement. Charge Current Limit The actual charge current in CC mode is limited by several factors in addition to the set IREF. Figure 3 shows three limits for the charge current in CC mode. The charge current is limited by the ON-resistance of the pass element (power P-channel MOSFET) if the input and the output voltage are too close to each other. The solid curve shows a typical case when the battery voltage is 4.0V and the charge current is set to 700mA. The non-linearity on the RON-limited region is due to the increased resistance at higher die temperatures. If the battery voltage increases to higher than 4.0V, the entire curve moves towards the right side. As the input voltage increases, the charge current may be reduced due to the thermal foldback function. The limit caused by the thermal limit is dependent on the thermal impedance. As the thermal impedance increases, the thermal-limited curve moves towards left, as shown in Figure 3. Layout Guidance The ISL9222A uses a thermally-enhanced TDFN package that has an exposed thermal pad at the bottom side of the package. The layout should connect as much as possible to copper on the exposed pad. Typically, the component layer is more effective in dissipating heat. The thermal impedance can be further reduced by using other layers of copper connecting to the exposed pad through a thermal via array. Each thermal via is recommended to have 0.3mm diameter and 1mm distance from other thermal vias. Input Power Sources The input power source is typically a well-regulated wall cube with 1-meter length wire or a USB port. The input voltage ranges from 4.25V to 6.5V under full-load and unloaded conditions. The ISL9222A can withstand up to 28V on the input without damaging the IC. If the input voltage is higher than typically 7.2V, the charger stops charging. THERMAL LIMITED 700 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) RON LIMITED RIREF INCREASES θJA or TA INCREASES VBAT INCREASES 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) FIGURE 3. CHARGE CURRENT LIMITS IN THE CC MODE 7 FN6704.0 July 28, 2008 ISL9222A Thin Dual Flat No-Lead Plastic Package (TDFN) L8.2x3A 2X 0.15 C A A D 8 LEAD THIN DUAL FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE 2X MILLIMETERS 0.15 C B SYMBOL E MIN A 0.70 A1 - 6 A3 INDEX AREA b TOP VIEW D2 0.20 0.10 SIDE VIEW C SEATING PLANE D2 (DATUM B) 0.08 C A3 7 0.75 0.80 - - 0.05 - 0.25 0.32 1.50 1.65 1.75 1 7,8 3.00 BSC - 8 1.65 e 1.80 1.90 7,8 0.50 BSC - k 0.20 - - - L 0.30 0.40 0.50 8 N 8 Nd 4 D2/2 6 INDEX AREA 5,8 C E2 A NOTES 2.00 BSC E // MAX 0.20 REF D B NOMINAL 2 3 Rev. 0 6/04 2 NX k NOTES: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5-1994. 2. N is the number of terminals. 3. Nd refers to the number of terminals on D. (DATUM A) E2 4. All dimensions are in millimeters. Angles are in degrees. E2/2 5. Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured between 0.25mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip. NX L 6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be either a mold or mark feature. N N-1 NX b e 8 5 0.10 (Nd-1)Xe REF. M C A B 7. Dimensions D2 and E2 are for the exposed pads which provide improved electrical and thermal performance. 8. Nominal dimensions are provided to assist with PCB Land Pattern Design efforts, see Intersil Technical Brief TB389. BOTTOM VIEW CL (A1) NX (b) L 5 SECTION "C-C" C C TERMINAL TIP e FOR EVEN TERMINAL/SIDE All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems. Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 8 FN6704.0 July 28, 2008