cd00179437

AN2684
Application note
STEVAL-IFP006V1: designing with VNI4140K quad high-side
smart power solid-state relay ICs
Introduction
The STEVAL-IFP006V1 demonstration board has been developed to show the new
VNI4140K device functionalities within industrial applications such as PLCs (programmable
logic controllers) which drive lamps, valves, relays, and similar loads.
This tool allows evaluating VNI4140K features, in particular all kinds of embedded selfprotections, power-handling capabilities, operation and diagnostic feedback, thermal
behavior and conformity to inherent IEC standards.
Figure 1.
STEVAL-IFP006V1
A double-sided PCB allows obtaining the best trade-off between a routing solution and
thermal management results.
The main features of the demonstration board are:
May 2009
■
Four output channels (4 x 0.7 A)
■
Four input channels
■
Four feedback channels for diagnostic purposes
■
Bidirectional opto-isolated interface for MCU safe connection
■
TTL/CMOS compatible signals for MCU direct connection
■
LEDs to indicate output state
■
Compliance to IEC61000-4-4 and IEC61000-4-5
■
Compatibility with existing STMicroelectronics tools (IBU communication board,
CANIC10…)
■
10.5 V to 36 V DC power supply voltage range
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www.st.com
Contents
AN2684
Contents
1
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2
Safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3
VNI4140K quad high-side smart power solid-state relay IC
description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4
IFP006V1 demonstration board description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.2
IFP006V1 schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.3
IFP006V1 connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.4
IFP006V1 thermal management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.5
EMC immunity test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.5.1
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.5.2
Test conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.5.3
Burst immunity test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.5.4
Surge test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Appendix A Bill of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Appendix B PCB layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Appendix C References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2/21
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AN2684
List of figures
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
STEVAL-IFP006V1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
IFP006V1 top view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
IFP006V1 bottom view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
IFP006V1 schematic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
J1 connector pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
J5 connector pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
IFP006V1 PCB copper heatsink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Thermal map in steady state condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Thermal map in demagnetization condition (1 Hz repetitive cycling on 48 W 1.2 H load) . 11
Steady state thermal behavior 3D simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Repetitive demagnetization thermal behavior 3D simulation (1 Hz repetitive cycling on
48 W 1.2 H load) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Burst timing waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Surge standard timing waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
IFP006V1 component layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
IFP006V1 copper top layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
IFP006V1 copper bottom layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
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Electrical characteristics
1
AN2684
Electrical characteristics
The electrical characteristics of the VNI4140k demonstration board (STEVAL-IFP006V1)
are given in Table 1.
Table 1.
STEVAL-IFP006V1 electrical characteristics
Parameter
Value
Min
Notes
Typ
Max
Operating conditions
Ambient operating temperature
85 °C
If the VNI4140K junction temperature
exceeds 180 °C, device shuts down
Power supply
Vcc supply voltage
10.5 V
Vdd logic supply voltage
24 V
36 V
5V
From eval communication board
250 µA
All channels in OFF state
Supply current on Vdd
2.4 mA
4.8 mA
ON state with Vin = 5 V
1.7 A
IC internally limited
VCC = 24 V; RLOAD < 10 mΩ
Output stage
Output channel ON current limitation
0.7 A
Maximum DC output current
1.4 A
Dynamic load
dV/dt(ON) turn-on voltage slope
0.7 V/µs
IOUT = 0.5 A, resistive load
dV/dt(off) turn-off voltage slope
1.5 V/µs
IOUT = 0.5 A, resistive load
Demagnetization protection
Output voltage on inductive turn-off
4/21
VCC-41
VCC-45
VCC-50
Doc ID 14266 Rev 1
IOUT = 0.5 A; LLOAD >= 1 mH
AN2684
2
Safety precautions
Safety precautions
The board must be used only by expert technicians. The copper areas around the
VNI4140K device have a heat sink function, visible in the top layer layout view, refer to
Figure 8. In case of short-circuit, current limiting or hard demagnetization, the STEVALIFP006V1 board, or part of it, might reach a very high temperature with consequent danger.
No specific protections are implemented for reverse DC accidental connection. Remember
that an electrolytic capacitor is connected to the supply bus, therefore a reverse continuous
DC voltage applied to it may produce a dangerous explosion.
Warning:
ST assumes no responsibility for any consequences which
may result from the improper use of this tool.
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VNI4140K quad high-side smart power solid-state relay IC description
3
AN2684
VNI4140K quad high-side smart power solid-state
relay IC description
The VNI4140k is a monolithic 4-channel driver featuring a very low supply current. The IC,
which uses STMicroelectronics VIPower technology, is intended for driving loads with one
side connected to ground.
Active channel current limitation, combined with thermal shutdown (independent for each
channel) and automatic restart, protect the device against overload.
The main features of the VNI4140K IC are:
●
Output current: 0.7 A per channel
●
Shorted load protections for each channel
●
Junction overtemperature protection
●
Case overtemperature protection for thermal independence of the channels
●
Thermal case shutdown and restart not simultaneous for the various channels
●
Protection against ground disconnection
●
Current limitation
●
Undervoltage shutdown
●
Open drain diagnostic outputs
●
3.3 V CMOS/TTL compatible inputs
●
Fast demagnetization of inductive loads
●
Conforms to IEC 61131-2
Figure 2.
Block diagram
Active current limitation avoids that the system power supply drops in case of shorted load.
In overload condition, the channel turns OFF and back ON automatically after the IC
temperatures decrease below a threshold fixed by a temperature hysteresis so that junction
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AN2684
VNI4140K quad high-side smart power solid-state relay IC description
temperature is controlled. If this condition makes the case temperature reach the case
temperature limit (TCSD), overloaded channels (i.e. the ones for which junction temperature
has exceeded the junction protection threshold, TjSD, and has not fallen below the junction
protection reset threshold, TjR) are turned OFF. These channels restart, non-simultaneously,
only when the case temperature decreases below the case protection reset threshold (TCR).
Non-overloaded channels continue to operate normally.
The open drain diagnostic outputs indicate related channel overtemperature conditions.
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IFP006V1 demonstration board description
4
IFP006V1 demonstration board description
4.1
Overview
AN2684
The VNI4140K demonstration board is composed of two main sections:
●
Opto-isolated interface for input and status signals
●
A four-channel self-protect power stage section with STMicroelectronics Transil™
diode protection
The demonstration board consists of a double-sided FR4 printed circuit board with 35 µm
copper plating. The PCB dimensions are 52 mm x 68 mm. The top and bottom views are
shown below.
8/21
Figure 3.
IFP006V1 top view
Figure 4.
IFP006V1 bottom view
Doc ID 14266 Rev 1
VDD
10K 1206
RR4
STAT4
STAT3
STAT2
STAT1
IN4
IN3
IN2
IN1
STAT2
IN1
VDD
IN2
IN3
IN4
STAT4
STAT3
1K 1206
RR3
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
11
10
6
7
6
3
4
1
2
11
14
13
16
15
TLP281-4
8
5
9
12
OPT2
7
10
TLP281-4
13
12
4
5
9
15
14
2
3
8
16
OPT1
STAT1
1
EVALCOMMBOARD
J1
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
T8
10K 1206
RR2
T7
T9
T6
T10
T5
T11
T12
8
4
2
1
9
7
5
3
10
47K 1206
RR5
STAT4
STAT3
STAT2
STAT1
IN4
IN3
IN2
IN1
Vcc
VDD
IN1
IN3
STAT1
STAT3
A B
TAB
J4
CAN7
J5
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
GND DISC. TEST
J3
OUT4_a
OUT4_b
OUT4_c
OUT3_a
OUT3_b
OUT3_c
OUT2_a
OUT2_b
OUT2_c
OUT1_a
OUT1_b
OUT1_c
Vcc DISC. TEST
OR
CURRENT PROBE
VNI4140K
Vcc
GND
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6
VNI4140K
15
14
13
18
17
16
21
20
19
24
23
22
T2
T1
1
2
3
4
1
2
LED
LED
LED
M.4VITEB
M1
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
M.2VITEB
M2
4.7nF
4.7nF
+24Vdc
GND
C8
C7
10K 1206
RR1
LED
DL4 DL3 DL2 DL1
T4
J2
SM15T39AC
D1
T3
OPEN
FOR
OVL TEST
10nF LV
1206
C3
10nF LV
1206
C2
10nF LV
1206
47uF
100nF
1206
IC1
C6
+
C5
C1
IN2
IN4
STAT2
STAT4
Figure 5.
A B
A B
4.2
C4 10nF LV 1206
AN2684
IFP006V1 demonstration board description
IFP006V1 schematic
IFP006V1 schematic
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IFP006V1 demonstration board description
4.3
AN2684
IFP006V1 connectors
The demonstration board is equipped with input and output connectors. Specifically, there
are two input header connectors (J5 and J1), one 4-channel output connector (M1), and a
supply voltage connector (M2).
Both input connectors, J5 and J1, provide the same bidirectional signals guaranteeing the
maximum compatibility with existing STMicroelectronics tools such as the industrial
communication board (see AN2451) and similar products.
10/21
Figure 6.
J1 connector pinout
Figure 7.
J5 connector pinout
Table 2.
J1 and J5 pin description
J1 pin number
J5 pin number
Signal
Type
11
1
Vdd
5/3.3 V supply voltage
23
2
GND
Signal ground
9
3
IN1
Input channel 1
13
4
IN2
Input channel 2
15
5
IN3
Input channel 3
17
6
IN4
Input channel 4
6
7
STAT1
Status channel 1
25
8
STAT2
Status channel 2
21
9
STAT3
Status channel 3
19
10
STAT4
Status channel 4
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AN2684
4.4
IFP006V1 demonstration board description
IFP006V1 thermal management
The IFP006V1 PCB has two heatsinks: approximately 1 sq. cm on the top layer and 3 sq.
cm on the bottom layer, thermally interconnected through 9 vias, as shown in Figure 8.
In a steady state condition low RDS(on) ensures a very low dissipation but in current
limitation and in fast demagnetization, the power dissipation is much higher, requiring a low
thermal resistance through the device exposed tab, soldering space, top layer, vias and
bottom layer path. A 35 µm copper (10 oz/sq. ft) thickness and 0.3 mm diameter for the vias
are used according to EIA/JESD51-5.
Figure 8.
IFP006V1 PCB copper heatsink
Figure 9 and 11 show the IFP006V1 temperature map with all channels permanently
switched ON, 48 Ω loads, 24 V supply voltage and ambient temperature of 25 °C. The IC
temperature increase is only about a few degrees.
Figure 10 and 12 show a similar map when the IC is cycling at 1 Hz, 50% duty cycle, 48 Ω
1.2 H loads, 24 V supply voltage and ambient temperature of 25 °C.
Figure 9.
Thermal map in steady state
condition
Figure 10. Thermal map in demagnetization
condition (1 Hz repetitive cycling on
48 Ω 1.2 H load)
AM01851v1
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AM01852v1
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IFP006V1 demonstration board description
Figure 11. Steady state thermal behavior 3D
simulation
AN2684
Figure 12. Repetitive demagnetization thermal
behavior 3D simulation (1 Hz
repetitive cycling on 48 Ω 1.2 H
load)
AM01853v1
AM01854v1
In particular Figure 11 and 12 show 3D thermal modelization of the device.
4.5
EMC immunity test
4.5.1
Description
IFP006V1 has been tested according to EMC immunity standards IEC61000-4-4 (fast
transient burst) and IEC61000-4-5 (high energy surge).
A fast transient burst test has been performed all channels.
Each channel under test is cycling ON and OFF at 1 Hz, duty cycle 50%, on four 48 Ω load
resistors at 24 Vdc supply voltage.
A burst signal was applied using an ultra-compact simulator with an internal capacitive
coupling clamp tool.
4.5.2
12/21
Test conditions
●
Ambient temperature: 25.6 °C
●
Ambient humidity: 46%
●
Main voltage power supply: 24 Vdc
●
DC insulated voltage: 5 Vdc
●
Loads: 4 x 48 Ω power resistor
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AN2684
4.5.3
IFP006V1 demonstration board description
Burst immunity test
Table 3 gives the burst setup configuration adopted to perform this test.
Table 3.
Burst setup configuration
Test level
Condition
Pulse time rt
5 ns ± 30%
Pulse duration td
50 ns ± 30%
Source impedance
Zq = 50 Ω ± 20%
Polarity
Positive / negative
Burst duration (td)
15 ms ± 20%
Burst frequency (f)
5 kHz
Burst period (tr)
300 ms ± 20%
Duration time (T)
5 min
Figure 13 below shows the standard timing waveform applied during the burst test.
Figure 13. Burst timing waveform
Table 4 shows the results of an inherent burst test. Normal performance has been observed
when applying four different disturbance levels on the output ports and Vcc main voltage
power supply.
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IFP006V1 demonstration board description
Table 4.
AN2684
Burst test results
Burst standard test routines
Level
Voltage (kV)
Acceptance criteria (1)
IEC 61000-4-4
Level 1
0.5
A
IEC 61000-4-4
Level 2
1
A
IEC 61000-4-4
Level 3
2
A
IEC 61000-4-4
Level 4
4
A
1. Classification of the test
(Criteria A): normal performance
(Criteria B): temporary degradation or loss of function or performance with automatic return to normal operation
(Criteria C): temporary degradation or loss of function with external intervention to recover normal operation
(Criteria D): degradation or loss of function, need replacement of damaged components to recover normal
operation.
4.5.4
Surge test
A high energy surge test was performed in differential mode. A high surge signal was
injected on the DUT (device under test) through a 42 Ω decoupling resistor. The test
consisted of three positive and three negative discharges with a repetition rate of 1
discharge per minute.
Figure 14 shows the standard timing waveform applied on the DUT.
Figure 14. Surge standard timing waveform
Table 5 below shows normal performance of the device.
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AN2684
IFP006V1 demonstration board description
Table 5.
Surge test results
Surge standard test
routines
Level
Voltage (V)
Acceptance criteria (1)
IEC 61000-4-5
Level 1
500
A
IEC 61000-4-5
Level 2
1000
A
IEC 61000-4-5
Level 3
2000
A
1. Classification of the test
(Criteria A): normal performance
(Criteria B): temporary degradation or loss of function or performance with automatic return to normal operation
(Criteria C): temporary degradation or loss of function with external intervention to recover normal operation
(Criteria D): degradation or loss of function, need replacement of damaged components to recover normal
operation.
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Bill of material
AN2684
Appendix A
Bill of material
Table 6.
16/21
IFP006V1 demonstration board bill of material
Designator
Part type
Description
RR1
10 kΩ x 4
SMD resistor pack 1206 format
RR2
10 kΩ x 4
SMD resistor pack 1206 format
RR3
1 kΩ x 4
SMD resistor pack 1206 format
RR4
10 kΩ x 4
SMD resistor pack 1206 format
RR5
47 kΩ x 4
SMD resistor pack 1206 format
C1
10 nF LV
SMD capacitor 1206 format
C2
10 nF LV
SMD capacitor 1206 format
C3
10 nF LV
SMD capacitor 1206 format
C4
10 nF LV
SMD capacitor 1206 format
C5
100 nF
SMD capacitor 1206 format
C6
47 µF 50 V
SMD electrolytic capacitor
C7
4.7 nF
SMD capacitor 1206 format
C8
4.7 nF
SMD capacitor 1206 format
D1
SM15T39AC
Transil™ diode
DL1
LED diode
SMD LED diode 0805 format
DL2
LED diode
SMD LED diode 0805 format
DL3
LED diode
SMD LED diode 0805 format
DL4
LED diode
SMD LED diode 0805 format
OPT1
PC3Q66Q
4-channel OPTO isolator
OPT2
PC3Q66Q
4-channel OPTO isolator
IC1
VNI4140K
ST IC Industrial 4 CH HSD
J1
HADER 34-pin
Compatible EVALCOMMBOARD
J2
Jumper
Overvoltage test
J3
Jumper
Ground disconnection test
J4
Jumper
Vcc disconnection test
J5
Hader 14-pin
Compatible ST7CANIC DB
M1
4 screw plugs
HSD output connector
M2
2 screw plugs
Power supply connector
T1
Test point
HSD output channel 1 voltage
T2
Test point
HSD output channel 2 voltage
T3
Test point
HSD output channel 3 voltage
T4
Test point
HSD output channel 4 voltage
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AN2684
Bill of material
Table 6.
IFP006V1 demonstration board bill of material (continued)
Designator
Part type
Description
T5
Test point
HSD input channel 1 signal
T6
Test point
HSD input channel 2 signal
T7
Test point
HSD input channel 3 signal
T8
Test point
HSD input channel 4 signal
T9
Test point
HSD channel 1 status
T10
Test point
HSD channel 2 status
T11
Test point
HSD channel 3 status
T12
Test point
HSD channel 4 status
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PCB layout
AN2684
Appendix B
PCB layout
Figure 15. IFP006V1 component layer
Figure 16. IFP006V1 copper top layer
18/21
Figure 17. IFP006V1 copper bottom layer
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AN2684
References
Appendix C
1.
References
AN1351 - VIPower and BCDmultipower: making life easier with ST's high side drivers
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Revision history
AN2684
Revision history
Table 7.
20/21
Document revision history
Date
Revision
20-May-2009
1
Changes
Initial release
Doc ID 14266 Rev 1
AN2684
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