LV8400V Motor Driver Application Note

LV8400V
Bi-CMOS IC
Forward/Reverse Motor Driver
Application Note
http://onsemi.com
Overview
The LV8400V is a 1-channel motor driver IC using D-MOS FET for output stage and is able to control 4
modes of forward, reverse, brake, and standby.
As the P/N-channel structure is used in the H-bridge output stage, the LV8400V features minimal number of
external component and low on-resistance (0.33Ω typical). This IC is optimal for driving motors that requires
high current
.
Function
 1-channel forward/reverse motor driver
 Low power consumption
 Low output ON resistance 0.33
 Built-in constant current output circuit
 Built-in low voltage reset and thermal shutdown circuit
 Four mode function forward/reverse, brake, standby
Typical Applications
Package Dimensions
 Digital single-lens reflex camera
 POS Printer
Unit : mm(typ)
5.2
9
0.5
4.4
16
6.4
Pin Assignment
1
8
0.65
0.15
0.22
0.1
(1.3)
1.5max
(0.33)
(Topview)
Recommended Soldering Footprint
SANYO : SSOP16(225mil)
Caution:Thepackagedimensionisareference
value,whichisnotaguaranteedvalue.
(Unit:mm)
ReferenceSymbol SSOP30(225mil)
eE
5.80
e
0.65
b3
0.32
I1
1.00
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013
December, 2013
1/17
LV8400V Application Note
Block Diagram
Level
Shifter
CMOS
Logic
LowVoltage
And
Thermal
Protection
Refarence
Voltage
+
-
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta=25C, SGND=PGND=0V
Parameter
Power supply voltage
(for load)
Power supply voltage
(for control)
Symbol
Input voltage
Allowable power dissipation
Ratings
Unit
VM max
-0.5 to 16.0
V
VCC max
-0.5 to 6.0
V
DC
1.2
A
IO peak1
t  100ms, f = 5Hz
2.0
A
IO peak2
t  10ms, f = 5Hz
3.8
A
IOUT max
DC
30
mA
IO max
Output current
Conditions
VIN max
Pd max
-0.5 to VCC+0.5
Mounted on a specified board *
V
800
mW
Operating temperature
Topr
-20 to +75
C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to +150
C
* Specified board : 30mm  50mm  1.6mm, glass epoxy board.
Caution 1) Absolute maximum ratings represent the value which cannot be exceeded for any length of time.
Caution 2) Even when the device is used within the range of absolute maximum ratings, as a result of continuous usage
under high temperature, high current, high voltage, or drastic temperature change, the reliability of the IC may be
degraded. Please contact us for the further details.
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating
Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions at Ta  25C
Parameter
Power supply voltage
(for load)
Power supply voltage
(for control)
Input signal voltage
Input signal frequency
Symbol
Conditions
VM
VCC
min
typ
Duty = 50%
max
Unit
4
15.0
V
2.7
5.5
V
0
VIN
f max
Ratings
VCC
200
V
kHz
2/17
LV8400V Application Note
Electrical Characteristics Ta25C, VCC=5.0V, VM =12.0V, SGND=PGND=0V, unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Remarks
Ratings
min
typ
max
Unit
IMO1
EN = 0V
1
1.0
A
Standby load current drain 2
IMO2
EN = 0V, VCC = 0V,
1
1.0
A
Standby control current drain
ICO
EN = 0V, IN1 = IN2 = 0V
2
1.0
A
IM1
VCC = 3.3V, EN = 3.3V
3
0.35
0.70
mA
IM2
VCC = 5.0V, EN = 5.0V
3
0.35
0.70
mA
IC1
VCC = 3.3V, EN = 3.3V
4
0.6
1.2
mA
IC2
VCC = 5.0V, EN = 5.0V
4
0.8
1.6
mA
High-level input voltage
VIH
2.7  VCC  5.5V
Low-level input voltage
VIL
2.7  VCC  5.5V
IIH
VIN = 5V
5
12.5
IIL
VIN = 0V
5
-1.0
Standby load current drain 1
Operating load current
drain 1
Operating load current
drain 2
Operating current consumption 1
Operating current
consumption 2
High-level input current
(EN,IN1, IN2, ICTRL)
Low-level input current
(EN,IN1, IN2, ICTRL)
Pull-down resistance value
(EN,IN1, IN2, ICTRL)
Output ON resistance
Constant current output leakage
current
RON
IOLEAK
IOUT
ISET pin voltage
VISET
RONIO
resistance
Low-voltage detection voltage
VCS
resistance. 2.7V  VCC  5.5V
EN = 0V
RSET = 40,
0.2
0
100
Sum of top and bottom sides ON
VCC
VCC
6
VCC
25
50
V
V
A
A
200
400
k
0.33
0.5

1.0
A
7
8
4.65
5.00
5.35
mA
RSET = 40
9
0.186
0.20
0.214
V
RSET = 0, IO = 5mA
10
20
30

VCC voltage
11
2.10
2.25
2.40
V
Design guarantee *
12
150
Internal reference = 0.2V
180
210
C
Turn-on time
TPLH
13
0.5
1.0
s
Turn-off time
TPHL
13
0.5
1.0
s
Thermal shutdown temperature
Output block
0.6
RDN
Output constant current
Constant current output ON
Each input pin = 0V
Tth
* Design guarantee value and no measurement is performed.
Remarks
1. Current consumption when output of the VM pin is off.
2. Current consumption at the VCC pin when all functions are stopped.
3. Current consumption of the VM pin when EN is high.
4. Current consumption of the VCC pin when EN is high.
5. These input pins (EN, IN1, IN2, and ICTRL) have an internal pull-down resistor.
6. Sum of the upper and lower side output on resistance.
7. Leakage current when the constant current output is off.
8. Current value that is determined by dividing the internal reference voltage (0.2V) by RSET.
9. ISET pin voltage when the constant current output block is active.
10. ON resistance value of the constant current output block.
11. All output transistors are turned off if a low-voltage is detected.
12. All output transistors are turned off if the thermal protection circuit is activated. They are turned on again
as the temperature decreases.
13. Rising time from 10 to 90% and falling time from 90 to 10% are specified.
3/17
LV8400V Application Note
Figure2.VMcurrentdrainvs.VMsupplyvoltage
Figure 3. VCC current drain vs. VCC supply voltage
Figure 4. Output voltage vs. Input voltage Figure 5. Output voltage vs. Input voltage Figure 6. Input current vs. Input voltage Figure 7. Output on‐resistance vs. Temperature Figure 8. Output on‐resistance vs. VM supply voltage Figure 9. Saturation voltage vs. Output current 4/17
LV8400V Application Note
Figure 10. Constant current, IOUT vs. Temperature Figure 11. Constant current, IOUT vs. VM supply voltage Figure 12. VISET voltage vs. Temperature Figure 13. IOUT on‐resistance vs. Temperature Figure 14. VCC low voltage reset characteristic Figure 15. Thermal shutdown characteristic 5/17
LV8400V Application Note
Pin Functions
Pin No.
Pin name
9
VM
16
Description
Equivalent circuit
Motor block power supply.
(Both pins must be connected)
The applicable voltage range is 4.0V to 15.0V.
Make sure to connect a bypass capacitor
between VM (pin 9 and 16) and PGND (pin 12
and13) respectively to stabilize power line of
VM.
1
VCC
4
EN
Logic block power supply.
The applicable voltage range is 2.7V to 5.5V.
Make sure to connect a bypass capacitor
between VCC (pin1) and SGND(pin 7) to
stabilize power line of VM.
Logic enable pin.
(Pull-down resistor incorporated)
VCC
Standby mode is set when the voltage level is
Low. Therefore, current consumption is 0.
When the voltage level is High, the internal
10kΩ
circuit is activated.
Since 200KΩ of pull-down resistor is inserted,
when OPEN the operation is equivalent to that
200kΩ
of Low control signal.
2
IN1
Control signal input pin
3
IN2
Driver output switching.
5
ICTRL
VCC
(Pull-down resistor incorporated)
When the voltage level is High, all the outputs
that correspond to inputs are activated.
10kΩ
Since 200KΩ of pull-down resistor is inserted,
when OPEN the operation is equivalent to that
of Low control signal.
PWM control is feasible when the input
frequency is 200KHz or lower.
10
OUT1
Driver output.
OUT2
This pin is connected to the motor.
Operation mode is determined according to the
state of input pins.
11
14
15
200kΩ
VM
OUT1
OUT2
PGND
6/17
LV8400V Application Note
Pin No.
Pin name
Description
6
ISET
8
IOUT
Constant current output.
ON/OFF of the internal Nch MOS is determined
according to the state of ICTRL.
By connecting current sense resistor with
ISET(pin 6) and SGND (pin 8), you can sink
constant current from IOUT(pin 8).
Equivalent circuit
IOUT
Reference
voltage
0.2V
+
-
ISET
7
SGND
12
PGND
13
Logic block ground.
Drivers block ground.
(Both pins must be connected)
7/17
LV8400V Application Note
Operation explanation
Saturation drive H bridge
H bridge drive is integrated which enables controlling 4 modes of forward, reverse, brake, and standby.
Logic input specifications
EN
IN1
H
H
H
L
L
L
EN
H
L
ICTRL
H
L
-
IN2
H
L
H
L
-
OUT1
L
H
L
Z
Z
OUT2
L
L
H
Z
Z
Mode
Brake
Forward
Reverse
Standby
All function stop
IOUT
Mode
ON
Constant current ON
Z
Constant current OFF
Z
All function stop
- : denotes a don't care value. Z: High-impedance
When IN1 and IN2 are “Low”, the operation of H bridge output stage is in standby mode.
When “high” is input to the input pin, the output transistor of the H bridge output stage operates and the
operation shifts as follows: forward, reverse, and brake.
（Forward）
（Reverse）
(Brake)
Figure 16. Output stage transistor function
 Current drain is zero in all function stop mode. (excluding the current that flows out of the EN pin)
* All power transistors turn off and the motor stops driving when the IC is detected in low voltage or thermal
protection mod
8/17
LV8400V Application Note
Constant current output circuit
Since you can sink constant current of 30mA at a maximum, this motor driver can be used for LED.
The output constant current (IOUT) is determined by the internal reference voltage and the sense resistor
between the ISET and SGND pins.
IOUT = Internal reference voltage (0.2V) ÷ Sense resistor (RSET)
IOUT calculating formula
IOUT 
0.2[V ]
RSET
(Ex.) Setup to IOUT=5.0[mA]
IOUT 
0.2[V ]
 5.0[mA]
40
From the formula above, IOUT = 5mA when a sense resistor of 40 is connected between the ISET and
SGND.
Thermal shutdown function
This IC includes thermal shutdown circuit.
The thermal shutdown circuit is incorporated and the output is turned off when junction temperature Tj
exceeds 180C. As the temperature falls by hysteresis, the output turned on again (automatic restoration).
The thermal shutdown circuit does not guarantee the protection of the final product because it operates when
the temperature exceed the junction temperature of Tjmax=150C.
Thermal shutdown temperature = 180C (typ)
VCC Low voltage malfunction prevention
This IC includes the function of VCC Low voltage malfunction prevention.
When the supply voltage of VCC lowers down to approximately 2.25V (typ), H bridge output stage shifts from
operation mode to standby mode. On the other hand, when the supply voltage of VCC increases to
approximately 2.35V, H bridge output stage shifts to operation mode.
VCC low-voltage cutoff voltage = 2.25V(typ)
9/17
LV8400V Application Note
Application Circuit Example
Figure 17. Sample Application Circuit
* : Connect a bypass capacitor as close as possible to the IC to absorb kickback. Characteristics or the IC
may be damaged if an instantaneous voltage surge exceeds the maximum ratings in VM line due to coil
kickback or other causes.
Bypass capacitor has no specific regulation on electrolytic capacitor or ceramic capacitor. However, it is
recommended that the value of capacitor should be as high as possible. When capacitor with high
capacitance is used, charge current to capacitor increases. Hence, caution is required for the battery’s
capability of current supply.
Recommendation value
Between VM and PGND: 10uF or higher
Between VCC and SGND: 0.1uF or higher
10/17
LV8400V Application Note
Operation setting of DC motor
When you drive DC motor with LV8400V, caution is required to switch motor rotation from forward to reverse
because when doing so, electromotive force (EMF) is generated and in some cases, current can exceed the
ratings which may lead to the destruction and malfunction of the IC .
Coil current (lo) for each operation is obtained as follows when switching motor rotation from forward to
reverse.
 Starting up motor operation:
Coil current Io A 
VM  EMFV 
Coil resistan ceΩ
At startup, Io is high because EMF is 0. As the motor starts to rotate, EMF becomes higher and Iout
becomes lower.
 When switching motor rotation from forward to reverse:
Coil current Io A 
VM  EMFV 
Coil resistan ceΩ
When EMF is nearly equal to VCC at a max, make sure that the current does not exceed Iomax since a
current which is about double the startup current may flow at reverse brake.
 Brake:
Coil current Io A 
EMFV 
Coil resistan ceΩ
Since EMF is 0 when the rotation of motor stops, Io is 0 as well.
CW(Forward) - CCW(Reverse)
CW(Forward) - Brake
OUT1
OUT1
OUT2
OUT2
IOUT12
IOUT12
Inrushcurrent
Inrushcurrent
Brakeregenerativecurrent
Coil current Io when switching
from forward to reverse
Figure 18. Driving waveform of DC motor
When you switch motor rotation form forward to reverse, if Iout is higher than Iomax, you can operate short
brake mode between forward and reverse either to slow down or stop the motor.
11/17
LV8400V Application Note
Input and output characteristics of H-Bridge
LV8400V can be driven by direct PWM control of H-Bridge by inputting PWM signal to IN.
However output response of H-Bridge worsens around On-duty 0%, which generates dead zone. As a result,
IC control loses lineality.
If you intend to drive motor in such control range, make sure to check the operation of your motor.
Input-Output Characteristics of H-Bridge (reference data)
Forward/Reverse⇔Brake
VM=12.0V
Figure 19.Measurement connection diagram Figure 10. Input and Output Characteristics of H‐Bridge 12/17
LV8400V Application Note
Evaluation Board Manual
1. Evaluation Board circuit diagram
Bill of Materials for LV8400V Evaluation Board
Footprint
Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Part Number
Substitution
Allowed
Lead
Free
SSOP16
(225mil)
ON
Semiconductor
LV8400V
No
Yes
20%
F2.0-5
SUN Electronic
Industries
50ME10HC
Yes
Yes
0.1µF
100V
10%
1608
Murata
GRM188R72A
104KA35D
Yes
Yes
39Ω
1W
5%
1608
KOA
RK73B1JT390
J
Yes
Yes
Designator
Qty
Description
Value
Tol
IC1
1
Motor Driver
C1
1
VM Bypass
capacitor
10µF
50V
C2
1
VCC Bypass
capacitor
R1
1
Sense
resistor
LED
1
SW1-SW4
4
Switch
MIYAMA
MS-621-A01
Yes
Yes
TP1-TP8
8
Test points
MAC8
ST-1-3
Yes
Yes
Yes
13/17
LV8400V Application Note
Evaluation Board PCB Design
57mm
57mm
57mm
(Top side)
(Back side)
14/17
LV8400V Application Note
2. DC motor drive
 Connect a DC motor with OUT1 and OUT2.
 Connect the motor power supply with the terminal VM, the control power supply with the terminal VCC.
Connect the GND line with the terminal GND.
 You can drive DC motor by setting EN=High and switching the input signal as follows.
EN
H
L
IN1
H
H
L
L
-
IN2
H
L
H
L
-
OUT1
L
H
L
Z
Z
OUT2
L
L
H
Z
Z
Mode
Brake
Forward
Reverse
Standby
All function stop
When you drive DC motor with LV8400V, caution is required to switch motor rotation from forward to reverse
because when doing so, electromotive force (EMF) is generated and in some cases, current can exceed the
ratings which may lead to the destruction and malfunction of the IC .
See p.11 for the further details.
15/17
LV8400V Application Note
By setting ICTRL to High, constant current output circuit operates.
Since you can sink the constant current of 30mA at a maximum, this IC can be used for LED.
The output constant current (IOUT) is determined by the internal reference voltage and the sense resistor
between the ISET and SGND pins.
IOUT = Internal reference voltage (0.2V) ÷ Sense resistor (RSET)
IOUT calculating formula
IOUT 
0.2[V ]
RSET
(Ex.) Setup to IOUT=5.0[mA]
IOUT 
0.2[V ]
 5.0[mA]
40
If necessary, please use LED to confirm the operation of the IC.
16/17
LV8400V Application Note
ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number
of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at
www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent-Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no
warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the
application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental
damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual
performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts.
SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as
components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which
the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any
such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors
harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or
death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the
part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
17/17