Direct PWM Structure Three-phase Sensorless Fan Motor Driver IC

Ordering number : ENA1407A
LV8804V
Bi-CMOS LSI
PC and Server
http://onsemi.com
Fan Motor Driver
Overview
The LV8804V is a motor driver for PC and server fans.
Feature
• Direct PWM three-phsae sensorless motor driver
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
VCC maximum supply voltage
Symbol
Conditions
VCC max
VG maximum supply voltage
VG max
OUT pin maximum output current
IOUT max
SOFTST pin withstand voltage
VSOFTST max
Ratings
Unit
16
UO, VO, and WO pins
V
21
V
1.2
A
6
V
FR pin withstand voltage
VFR max
6
V
CTL pin withstand voltage
VCTL max
6
V
MINSP pin withstand voltage
VMINSP max
6
V
FG output pin withstand voltage
VFG max
16
V
5
mA
FG pin maximum output current
IFG max
1/2FG output pin withstand voltage
V1/2FG max
16
V
1/2FG pin maximum output current
I1/2FG max
5
mA
RD output pin withstand voltage
VRD max
16
V
RD pin maximum output current
IRD max
5
mA
Allowable Power dissipation 1
Pd max1
Independent IC
0.6
W
Allowable Power dissipation 2
Pd max2
Mounted on designated board *
1.3
W
Operating temperature
Topr
-30 to +95
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to +150
°C
* : When mounted on the designated 76.1mm × 114.3mm × 1.6mm, glass epoxy board (single-layer)
Caution 1) Absolute maximum ratings represent the value which cannot be exceeded for any length of time.
Caution 2) Even when the device is used within the range of absolute maximum ratings, as a result of continuous usage under high temperature, high current,
high voltage, or drastic temperature change, the reliability of the IC may be degraded. Please contact us for the further details.
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating
Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013
May, 2013
N0211 SY 20111019-S00004/31109 MS PC 20090114-S00008 No.A1407-1/10
LV8804V
Allowable Operating Conditions at Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
VCC supply voltage
VCC
SOFTST input voltage range
FR input voltage range
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
6 to 15
V
VSOFTST
0 to VREG
V
VFR
0 to VREG
V
CTL input voltage range
VCTL
0 to VREG
V
MINSP input voltage range
VMINSP
0 to VREG
V
Electrical Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VCC = 12V, unless otherwise specified
Parameter
Symbol
Ratings
Conditions
min
Circuit current 1
typ
Unit
max
ICC1
3
VVG
17
4
mA
Charge pump block
Charge pump output voltage
V
Regulator block
5V regulator voltage
VVREG
4.75
5
5.25
V
Output on resistance
High-side output transistor on resistance
Ron (H)
IO = 0.7A, VG = 17V
0.6
1.0
Ω
Low-side output transistor on resistance
Ron (L)
IO = 0.7A, VCC = 12V
0.6
1.0
Ω
Sum of high-/low-side output transistor on
Ron (H+L)
IO = 0.7A, VCC = 12V, VG = 17V
1.2
2
Ω
resistance
Startup oscillator (OSC) pin
OSC pin charge current
IOSCC
-2.5
μA
OSC pin discharge current
IOSCD
2.5
μA
Control voltage input (CTL) pin
Motor drive on voltage input range
VCTLON
Motor drive off voltage input range
VCTLOFF
0
3
V
3.5
VREG
V
Minimum speed setting pin
Minimum speed setting voltage input range
VMINSP1
1
3
V
Minimum speed releasing voltage input range
VMINSP2
4
VREG
V
4
VREG
V
0
1
V
Forward/reverse switching pin
High-level input voltage range
VFRH
Order of current application :
UOUT→VOUT→WOUT
Low-level input voltage range
VFRL
Order of current application :
UOUT→WOUT→VOUT
FG, 1/2FG, and RD output pins
FG output pin low-level voltage
VFG
When IO is 2mA
0.25
0.35
V
1/2FG output pin low-level voltage
V1/2FG
When IO is 2mA
0.25
0.35
V
RD output pin low-level voltage
VRD
When IO is 2mA
0.25
0.35
V
VRF
Limit current set to 1A when RF is 0.25Ω.
0.25
0.275
V
Current limiter circuit
Limiter voltage
0.225
Constraint protection circuit
CT pin high-level voltage
VCTH
2.25
2.8
2.95
V
CT pin low-level voltage
VCTL
0.43
0.5
0.65
V
CT pin charge current
ICTC
-2.9
-2.5
-2.2
μA
CT pin discharge current
ICTD
0.23
0.25
0.32
μA
ICT charge/discharge ratio
RCT
7
10
13
Soft start circuit
Soft start releasing voltage
VSOFTST
2.5
V
SOFTST pin charge current
ISOFTST
0.6
μA
Thermal protection circuit
Thermal protection circuit operating
TSD
Design target *
150
180
210
°C
temperature
* : Design target value and no measurement is made. The thermal protection circuit is incorporated to protect the IC from burnout or thermal destruction. Since
it operates outside the IC's guaranteed operating range, the customer's thermal design should be performed so that the thermal protection circuit will not be
activated when the fan is running under normal operating conditions.
No.A1407-2/10
LV8804V
Package Dimensions
unit : mm (typ)
3361
SIDE VIEW
TOP VIEW
BOTTOM VIEW
15.0
36
(3.5)
0.5
5.6
7.6
(4.0)
1 2
0.3
0.8
0.2
0.1
(1.5)
SIDE VIEW
1.7 MAX
(0.7)
SANYO : SSOP36J(275mil)
Pin Assignment
Pd max – Ta
COMIN 1
36 COM
FIL 2
35 VCC
VREG 3
34 VCC
VREG 4
33 VCC
NC 5
32 VCC
NC 6
31 NC
F/R 7
30 UO
CTL 8
29 VO
MINSP 9
Allowable power dissipation, Pd max – W
1.5
Thermal resistance
evaluation board
1.30
Thermal resistance
evaluation board :
76.1 × 114.3 × 1.6mm3
glass epoxy
1.0
Independent IC
0.60
0.57
0.5
0.26
0
– 30 – 20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Ambient temperature, Ta – °C
28 WO
LV8804V
SOFTST 10
27 RF
FG 11
26 RF
1/2FG 12
25 NC
NC 13
24 RF
RD 14
23 SUB_GND
NC 15
22 CPC
CT 16
21 CP
OSC 17
20 VG
GND 18
19 GND
Top view
No.A1407-3/10
LV8804V
Block Diagram
1/2FG
FG
CT
RD
FG
RD
CTOSC
VREF
VG
CPO
CP
CHARGE
PUMP
CTL
CTLAMP
CTL
VREG
REFOSC
VREG
VREG
MINSP
SENSORLESS
LOGIC
OSC
F/R
START
OSC
PRI DRIVE
FIL
VCC
COMIN
SELECTOR
COM
CURR LIM
SUB_GND
GND
UO
VO
WO
COM
RF
SOFTST
No.A1407-4/10
LV8804V
Pin Function
Pin No.
Pin name
Function
36
COM
Motor middle point connection.
1
COMIN
Motor position detection comparator filter
Equivalent circuit
VG
pin. A capacitor must be connected between
this pin and the FIL pin (pin 2).
2
FIL
36
Motor position detection comparator filter
pin. A capacitor must be connected between
this pin and the COMIN pin (pin 5).
1
3
VREG
4
Regulator voltage (5V) output.
2
VCC
A capacitor must be connected between
these pins and ground.
3
4
VREF
5, 6,
NC
13, 15,
No connection. These pins are not
connected with the internal parts.
25, 31
7
F/R
Motor rotation direction switching. A
VREG
Reverse signal
high-level input causes current to flow into
the motor in the order of U, V, and W and a
low-level input in the order of U, W, and V.
Changing the order of current application
7
15kΩ
Forward/reverse
switching signal
turns the motor in the opposite direction.
100kΩ
Forward signal
8
CTL
Motor control voltage input.
VREG
When the control voltage is higher than 3 V
(3V < CTL voltage), the motor stops.
The motor speed is controlled by varying the
control voltage within the range of 3V to 1V
(3V > CTL voltage > 1 V). When the control
voltage becomes lower that 1V (1 V > CTL
voltage), the current limit set by the RF
resistor is reached.
9
MINSP
Minimum speed setting voltage input.
The minimum speed of the motor can be set
by resistor-dividing the regulator voltage and
feeding the resultant voltage that is within the
range of 1V to 3V (1 V < MINSP < 3V).
500Ω
500Ω
9
10
SOFTST
Soft start time setting.
The motor can be started smoothly by
8
VREG
connecting a capacitor between this pin and
ground.
500Ω
10
Continued on next page.
No.A1407-5/10
LV8804V
Continued from preceding page.
Pin No.
11
Pin name
FG
Function
Equivalent circuit
FG pulse output. This pin outputs a Hall
11 12 14
sensor system equivalent pulse signal.
12
1/2FG
FG pulse output. This pin outputs 1/2 Hall
sensor system equivalent pulse signal.
14
RD
Motor lockup detection output.
Output is fixed high when motor is locked up.
16
CT
Motor lockup detection time setting.
VREG
When the motor lockup condition is detected,
the protection time period before the
protection circuit is activated is set by
connecting a cacacitor between this pin and
ground.
500Ω
16
17
OSC
Motor startup frequency setting. A capacitor
must be connected between this pin and
VREG
ground. The startup frequency is adjusted by
controlling the charge/discharge current and
500Ω
capacitance of the capacitor.
17
18, 19
20
GND
GND pin.
VG
Charge pump step-up voltage output.
500Ω
21
A capacitor must be connected between this
pin and the VCC pin or ground.
21
CP
Charge pump step-up pulse output pin.
22
VCC
VREG
20
A capacitor must be connected between this
pin and the CPC pin (pin 22).
22
CPC
Charge pump step-up pin.
A capacitor must be connected between this
pin and the CP pin (pin 21).
23
32, 33,
SUB_GND
GND pin.
VCC
Power supply for the IC and motor.
34, 35
32 33
Capacitors must be connected between
34 35
these pins and ground.
30
UO
Output pins. Connect these pins to the U, V,
29
VO
and W of the motor coil.
28
WO
24, 26,
RF
27
Output current detection pins. The drive
current is detected by connecting a resistor
between these pins and ground.
28
29
30
24
26 27
No.A1407-6/10
LV8804V
LV8804V Functional Description
1 Control Characteristics
IRF
When RF = 0.25Ω
The gradient and limit current are determined by the resistance of the RF pin.
1A
Minimum speed
This minimum speed is determined by the MINSP pin voltage.
0.5A
VCTL
0V
1V
2V
3V
4V
The current flowing to the motor and the control characteristics are determined by adjusting the resistance of the RF
resistor.
By connecting a resistor with a resistance of 0.25Ω between the RF pin and GND, the limit current is set at a motor current
of 1A, and the control characteristics shown in the diagram above are achieved.
By increasing the RF resistance, the limit current is reduced; conversely, by reducing the RF resistance, the limit current is
increased.
Since IO max. is 1.2A, the RF resistance must be set in such a way that the current flowing to the motor does not exceed
this maximum value.
By varying the CTL voltage between 1V and 3V, the current flowing to the output is limited.
PWM control is exercised within the voltage range above (1V to 3V) to control the motor speed.
When the CTL voltage is less than 1V, the current limiter value determined by the RF resistance is reached, and the motor
speed is limited.
When the CTL voltage is greater than 3V, PWM is reduced to 0%, and the motor stops. (However, the motor does not stop
if the minimum speed has been set.)
The minimum speed can be set by resistor-dividing the REG voltage (5V) to create a voltage of 1V to 3V, and inputting
this voltage to the MINSP pin.
If the minimum speed is not going to be set, the MINSP pin and CTL pin (pin 8) must be short-circuited.
2. Timing at Startup (soft start)
VCC pin
CTL pin
Stop
Soft start
SOFTS pin
Stop
Full speed
The gradient changes in accordance with the capacitance of the SOFTST pin.
(The higher the capacitance, the steeper the gradient.)
Full speed
No.A1407-7/10
LV8804V
Application Circuit Example
*3
VCC
UO
VG
VO
CP
WO
COM
CPC
COMIN
VREG
*11
MINSP
FIL
*9
*13
*12
CTL
FG
FG
*13
1/2FG
1/2FG
*13
RD
FR
PWM
RD
CT
SOFTST
OSC
*8
1000pF
RF
GND SUB
GND
*1
*1. Power supply and GND wiring
The GND is connected to the control circuit power supply system.
*2. Power-side power stabilization capacitor
For the power-side power stabilization capacitor, use a capacitor of 10μF or more.
Connect the capacitor between VCC and GND with a thick and along the shortest possible route.
The VCC pins (pins 32, 33, 34, and 35) must be short-circuited on the print pattern.
The GND pins (pins 18 and 19) and the SUB_GND pin (pin 23) must be short-circuited on the print pattern.
LV8804V uses synchronous rectification for high efficiency drive. Synchronous rectification is effective for heat
reduction and higher efficiency. However, it may increase supply voltage.
If the supply voltage shall increase, make sure that it does not exceed the maximum ratings by inserting a zener diode
between power supply and GND.
*3. Reverse connection protection diode
This diode protects reverse connection.
Insert a diode between power supply and VCC pin to protect the IC from destruction due to reverse connection.
Connection of this diode is not necessary required.
*4. COMIN and FIL pins
These pins are used to connect the filter capacitor. The LV8804 uses the back EMF signal generated when the motor is
running to detect the information on the rotor position. The IC dertermines the timing at which the output block
applies current to the motor based on the position information obtained here. Insert a filter capacitor with a capacitance
ranging from 1,000pF to 10,000pF (reference value) between the COMIN pin and FIL pin to prevent any motor startup
missoperation that is caused by noise. However, care must be taken since an excessively high capacitance will give
rise to deterioration in efficiency and delays in the output power-on timing while the motor is running at high speed.
Furthermore, connect the capacitor between the COMIN pin and FIL pin as close as possible in order to avoid the
effects of noise from other sources.
No.A1407-8/10
LV8804V
*5. CT pin
This pin is used to connect the lock detection capacitor.
The constant-current charging and constant-current discharging circuits inporporated causes locking when the pin
voltage reaches 2.5V, and releasing the lock protection when it drops to 0.5V. This pin must be connected to the GND
when it is not going to be used.
*6. RF pins
These pins are used to set the current limit.
When the pin voltage exceeds 0.25V, the current is limited, and regeneration mode is established. In the application
circuit, this voltage is set in such a way that the current limit will be established at 1A.
The calculation formula is given below.
RF resistance = 0.25V/target current limit value
All the RF pins (pins 24, 26 and 27) must be short-circuited on the print pattern.
*7. SOFTST pin
This pin is used to set the soft start.
By connecting a capacitor between this pin and GND, the motor speed can be increased gradually.
When the pin voltage exceeds 2.5V, the soft start is released, and the LV8804V is switched to normal control.
If the soft start function is not going to be used, connect the pin to the VREG pin.
*8. OSC pin
This pin is used to connect the capacitor for setting the startup frequency.
A capacitor with a capacitance ranging from about 500pF to 2,200pF (reference value) must be connected between
this pin and GND.
The OSC pin determines the motor startup frequency, so be sure to connect a capacitor to it.
<How to select the capacitance>
Select a capacitance value that will result in the shortest possible startup time for achieving the target speed and
produce minimal variations in the startup time. If the capacitance is too high, variations in the startup time will
increase; conversely, if it is too low, the motor may idle. The optimum OSC constant depends on the motor
characteristics and startup current, so be sure to recheck them when the type of motor used or circuit specifications are
changed.
*9. MINSP pin
This pin is used to input the voltage to set the minimum speed.
The minimum speed can be set by resistor-dividing the VREG voltage (5V) to create a voltage of 1 to 3V, and
inputting this voltage to the MINSP pin.
If the minimum speed is not going to be set, the MINSP pin and CTL pin (pin 8) must be short-circuited.
*10. VG, CP, and CPC pins
These pins are used to connect the capacitors to generate the pre-drive voltage and stabilize the pre-drive power
supply.
Be sure to connect these capacitors in order to generate the drive voltage for the high-side (upper) output DMOS
transistor.
*11. VREG pins
These are the control system power supply pin and regulator output pin, which create the power supply of the control
unit. Be sure to connect a capacitor between this pin and GND in order to stabilize control system operation.
Since these pins are used to supply current for control and generate the charge pump voltage, connect a capacitor with
a capacitance that is higher than that of the capacitor connected to the charge pump.
Both the VREG pins (pins 3 and 4) must be short-circuited on the print pattern.
*12. CTL
Change by the Slew Rate of 0.5V/ms or more and use the voltage of the CTL pin.
The current might return to the power supply when using it below the above-mentioned Slew Rate and IC be
destroyed.
*13. Pin protection resistor
It is recommended that resistors higher than 1kΩ are connected serially to protect pins against misconnection such as
GND open and reverse connection.
No.A1407-9/10
LV8804V
ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number
of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at
www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent-Marking.pdf. SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no
warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the
application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental
damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual
performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical
experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use
as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in
which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for
any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors
harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or
death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the
part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
PS No.A1407-10/10