View detail for ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Motor Control Kit

SMART ARM-based Motor Control Kit
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK
USER GUIDE
Atmel-42681A-SMART-ARM-based-Motor-Control-Kit_User Guide-02/2016
Table of Contents
1. Atmel Low Voltage Motor Control Starter Kit............................................................. 3
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Features............................................................................................3
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Kit Content........................................................................................ 4
Design Documentation and Relevant Links................................................................................. 5
2. Getting Started with ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK....................................................... 6
3. ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Hardware..................................................................... 12
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK MCU Board..................................................................................... 12
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Driver Board....................................................................................13
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK MCU-driver Interface...................................................................... 23
4. Hardware Revision History and Known Issues........................................................26
4.1.
4.2.
Identifying Product ID and Revision........................................................................................... 26
Revision......................................................................................................................................26
5. Product Compliance................................................................................................ 27
6. Revision History.......................................................................................................28
Atmel ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK [USER GUIDE]
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1.
Atmel Low Voltage Motor Control Starter Kit
®
The Atmel ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK is a low voltage BLDC, PMSM motor control starter kit. The kit
contains a driver board hardware with half-bridge power MOSFET drivers, current and voltage sensing
circuit, Hall and Encoder interface, fault protection circuits, etc. The ATSAMD21MOTOR MCU card is
plugged into the driver board and has an on-board debugger. Supported by the Atmel studio integrated
development platform, the kit provides easy access to the features of ATSAMD21J18A MCU and explains
how to integrate the device in a custom motor control application. Pluggable MCU cards are available
®
from Atmel, supporting other SMART ARM MCUs.
1.1.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Features
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK has the following features:
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•
•
•
•
•
Pluggable MCU card interface
Debug support using on-board Atmel EDBG device
Three half-bridge MOSFET driver
Motor BEMF sensing
Motor individual phase current sensing
DC-bus voltage sensing
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1.2.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Hall sensor interface
Encoder sensor interface
Over-current protection support
Over-voltage protection at 30VDC
5V and 3.3V MCU card support
Selectable MCU supply voltage
Reverse power supply voltage protection
Atmel Xplained Pro compatible header interface
•
•
•
•
On board Temperature sensor
On board serial flash
LED fault indications
Atmel studio plug-and-use support using unique ID device
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Kit Content
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Kit contains the PCBs, BLDC motor, power adaptor and USB cable to get
started and running the motor in the kit.
The kit contains the following items:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
AT24VBLDC driver board.
ATSAMD21MOTOR MCU card.
LDO brush-less DC motor (LDO: 42BL02402-0026B-002).
Fully assembled chassis plate.
24V, 4A AC adapter (EDAC: EA11011E-240).
Micro-USB cable.
Figure 1-1. ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Kit Content
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1.3.
Design Documentation and Relevant Links
The following list contains links to the most relevant documents and software for ATSAMD21BLDC24VSTK:
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•
•
•
•
•
•
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Xplained Pro products - Atmel Xplained Pro is a series of small-sized and easy-to-use evaluation
kits for Atmel microcontrollers and other Atmel products. It consists of a series of low-cost MCU
boards for evaluation and demonstration of features and capabilities of different MCU families.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK User Guide - PDF version of this User Guide.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Design Documentation - Package containing schematics, BOM,
assembly drawings, 3D plots, layer plots, etc.
Atmel Studio - Free Atmel IDE for development of C/C++ and assembler code for Atmel
microcontrollers.
EDBG User Guide - User guide containing more information about the on-board Embedded
Debugger.
Atmel Data Visualizer - Atmel Data Visualizer is a program used for processing and visualizing
data. Data Visualizer can receive data from various sources such as the Embedded Debugger Data
Gateway Interface found on Xplained Pro boards and COM ports.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK - Product page.
ATSAMD21J18A - MCU datasheet.
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2.
Getting Started with ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK
This chapetr is a step-by-step guide to get started with the SAMD21BLDC24V-STK.
1. SAMD21BLDC24V-STK kit contains a fully assembled chassis and 24VDC power adaptor.
2. Connect the power adaptor to the “SUPPLY-IN connector”. Connect white color cable to + PIN.
Figure 2-1. Kit with Power and USB Ports Connected
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Switch ON the power adaptor.
Connect the Micro-USB cable to the “EDBG-USB connector” and PC USB port.
The power LED indications on the MCU board are now ON.
Open "Data Visualizer".
In the "Data Visualizer Connect Window" Choose the kit from the DGI control panel's drop down
list.
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Figure 2-2. Data Visualizer Connect Window
8.
9.
Click "Connect". The orange LED in the MCU board shall now blink.
The Data Visualizer default window will pop up once the connection is made. All the fields shall
show default values.
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Figure 2-3. Data Visualizer Start Window
10. Click on "Start" to turn the motor ON with default values.
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Figure 2-4. Data Visualizer "Start Motor" Window
11. Change the value in a field and press "Enter". For instance, to change the motor speed, type in the
desired speed within the motor's rating and press "Enter".
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Figure 2-5. Data Visualizer "Change Parameter"
12. Stop the Motor by clicking the "Stop" button.
13. To change direction of rotation after "Stop", choose "CCW" in radio button and click "Start".
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Figure 2-6. Data Visualizer "Change Direction"
14. Adjust the graph by checking "Automatically fit Y".
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3.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Hardware
The ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK has a two-board architecture. The driver base board contains drive
circuits, sensor circuits, protection circuits, power supply, etc., and the MCU board (MCU card) contains
the MCU, clock circuit, and debug circuit. The MCU card is inserted into the 67-pin NGFF standard
interface on the driver board. The ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK comes with an ATSAMD21J18A MCU card.
3.1.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK MCU Board
The main components in the ATSAMD21MOTOR MCU card are highlighted in the PCB and block
diagram given below.
Figure 3-1. MCU Board PCB
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Figure 3-2. MCU Board Block Diagram
3.1.1.
Power Supply
The ATSAMD21MOTOR MCU card takes 3.3VDC supply from the 67-pin edge connector. Both the
EDBG device and the Main MCU operates from 3.3VDC. The power supply selection jumper on the
Driver board should be connected to 3V3 (silk screen text) selection.
3.1.2.
Main MCU Circuit
The ATSAMD21MOTOR has an ATSAMD21J18A device. The device is intended to work with MCU
internal clock source. A 32.768kHz crystal is connected externally to the MCU.
3.1.3.
Embedded Debugger
The ATSAMD21J18A MCU is interfaced to the EDBG debug device. The EDBG uses SWD interface for
programming and debugging the main MCU. A debug header is also provided on the MCU board with
®
ARM Cortex debug pinout. An external debugger can be connected to this debug port.
The DGI is a proprietary communication interface used by the Atmel Data Visualizer software to
communicate with the development kits through the EDBG. SERCOM4 of the ATSAMD21J18A
connected to the EDBG device support DGI SPI interface and uses Atmel ADP protocol. The MCU
SERCOM4 is also connected to the UART channel of the EDBG through a pair of "normally open"
jumpers, the J200 and J201. Shorting these jumpers will enable the CDC UART interface for the main
MCU.
High Speed USB port of the EDBG is accessible at the driver board. EDBG USB enumerates as a
composite device supporting debug, DGI SPI, and CDC interfaces.
The USB port of the ATSAMD21J18A is connected to the Micro-USB connecter on the driver board.
3.2.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Driver Board
The driver board contains half-bridge MOSFET driver circuits for three-phase BLDC, PMSM motor drive
and supports 12-24VDC recommended bus drive voltage. Individual phase current sense, bus voltage
sense, and back-EMF sense circuits supports development of sensor-less motor drive algorithms. Hall
and Encoder sensor interfaces enables the user to develop sensor-based motor control applications. The
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driver board has over-voltage protection in hardware and over-current shutdown through the MCU input.
Reverse voltage protection is available at 12-24VDC and EXT1-header external supply inputs. USB
interface headers are interfaced to the main MCU and EDBG device in the MCU board. Temperature
sensor, serial flash, XPRO interface header, and UID chip circuits are the other features included in the
driver board hardware. The figure below shows the main components and block diagram of driver board.
Figure 3-3. ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Driver Board PCB
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Figure 3-4. ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK Block Diagram
3.2.1.
Half-bridge FET Driver
The half-bridge circuit is based on the NTMFS5C646NL N-channel Power MOSFET. Each half-bridge is
driven by the NCP5106A gate driver. The gate driver takes two independent PWM inputs from the MCU
and uses bootstrap technique to drive the high side Power MOSFET in the half-bridge. The bootstrap
capacitor is tied between PIN5 and PIN8 of the NCP5106 through a resistor. C5 is the bootstrap capacitor
and D1 is the bootstrap diode for phase-U half-bridge, as shown in the figure below. The bootstrap
capacitor value is chosen based on the total charge to be supplied by the capacitor and maximum
allowable voltage drop on the bootstrap capacitor.
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Figure 3-5. Half-bridge Driver Schematic
3.2.2.
Power Supply
The driver board has multiple power supply selection options. Automatic supply input selection is similar
to the Atmel Xplained Pro hardware. The block diagram shows how to use the SW1 user switch and the
jumper available on the PCB to select the MCU voltage supply.
Figure 3-6. Driver Board Power Supply
3.2.3.
Phase Current Sense
The current sense resistor and the differential amplifier circuit enables measurement of individual phase
currents using the ADC channel of the MCU. The figure below shows the sense circuit for the U-phase
and reference generator. R30 is the current shunt and op-amp U8 is configured in inverting differential
amplifier configuration. Voltage offset is added to the sense output, which is the reference voltage output
generated from the MCU supply voltage (MCU supply divided by 2). Solving the circuit,
Vout = Vr-(Is.Rs)(R52/R16)
Vout = U_I_sense at TP13
Vr = reference voltage (= 1.65V)
Is = phase current
Rs = shunt resistor
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R52 = feedback resistor
R16 = input side resistor
Figure 3-7. Current Sense and Reference Generation Circuit
3.2.4.
BEMF, DC Bus Sense
Back-EMF generated in the phase windings can be determined from the voltage read at the individual
phase terminals. A schematic drawing for the voltage scaling and the filter circuit is shown in the figure
below. BEMF output is connected to the ADC and analog comparator of the MCU. Motor DC supply is
divided by network R79, R80 and connected to ADC reference and analog comparator.
Figure 3-8. Back-EMF, DC Bus Voltage Sense Circuit
3.2.5.
Over-voltage Protection (OVP)
DC bus voltage is monitored by the voltage sense circuit. If the voltage gets higher than 30VDC, the overvoltage protection will shut down the FET driver. The OVP circuit is shown in the figure below. Sense
voltage is determined by the zener diode (D7) voltage (28V) and R-network R117 and R118. Vgs
(threshold) of Q8A is typically 2V.
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Figure 3-9. OVP Circuit
3.2.6.
Over-current Protection
Over-current protection (OCP OFF) is signaled from the MCU when the total individual phase shunt
current value exceeds the limit. Shutdown circuit is shown in the image below. Q8B will be OFF in normal
operation and switches ON and shuts off U5 when OCP OFF triggers. Shutting down U5 will cut off the
MOSFET driver and can be switched back to active condition by pressing the SW2 push button.
Figure 3-10. Over-current Protection Circuit
3.2.7.
Hall Sensor Interface
The Hall sensor interface uses NTS0104 level translator. The interface is tested with motors with open
drain and push pull type Hall sensor output. The LDO motor supplied with ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK has
open drain Hall sensor output type.
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3.2.8.
Encoder Sensor Interface
The encoder sensor interface uses a NTS0104 level translator. The interface is tested with motors with
open drain and push pull type encoder sensor output. The LDO motor supplied with
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK has open drain output type.
3.2.9.
Atmel Xplained PRO Interface
The Xplained PRO compatible header has a 20-pin EXT1 connector and a 4-pin power connector. All the
lines of the 20-pin header are routed to the 67-pin NGFF interface. Some pins of the header are not
connected to the MCU ports, also some pins are connected to other features on the driver board. This is
based on the availability of pins on the MCU card. The table below shows the pinout for both the
connectors in the case of ATSAMD21MOTOR MCU card supplied with the kit.
Table 3-1. EXT1- Xplained PRO Extension Header
Pin
Pin name
67-pin interface
Driver board connections
SAMD21J18A port
1
ID_2
4
EDBG_ID2/EXT1_1
EDBG_PB01
2
GND
67
-
GND
3
ADC(+)
20
EXT_3
NC
4
ADC(-)
35
EXT1_4(GPIO10)
NC
5
GPIO5
22
EXT1_5(GPIO5)
PB31
6
GPIO6
23
EXT1_6(GPIO6)
PA17
7
PWM(+)
18
EXT1_7(GPIO1)
PA19
8
PWM(-)
19
EXT1_8(GPIO2)
PB08
9
IRQ/GPIO
37
EXT1_9(GPIO12)
NC
10
SPI_SS_B/GPIO
36
EXT1_10(GPIO11)
NC
11
TWI_SDA
12
TEMP_SDA, EXT1_11
PA22
12
TWI_SCL
13
TEMP_SCL, EXT_12
PA23
13
UART_RX
26
RXD_ EXT1_13
PA13
14
UART_TX
27
TXD_EXT1_14
PA12
15
SPI_SS_A
34
EXT_15
PA02
16
SPI_MOSI
17
SPI_MOSI, EXT1_16
PB16
17
SPI_MISO
15
SPI_MISO, EXT1_17
PA20
18
SPI_SCK
16
SPI_SCK, EXT1_18
PB17
19
GND
67
-
-
20
VCC_P
63
VCC_P
VCC_TARGET_P3V3
Table 3-2. Xplained PRO Power Header
Pin
Signal name
Description
1
VCC_EXT_P5V0
External 5VDC input
2
GND
Ground
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3.2.10.
3
VCC_P5V0
5V
4
VCC_P
MCU Voltage
Temperature Sensor
The temperature sensor is placed adjacent to the MOSFET drive circuit to sense the board temperature.
The AT30TSE758 temperature sensor is connected to the MCU through I2C and SMBus compatible 2wire interface and has 7-bit I2C address 1001111.
Table 3-3. I2C Pin Connection
3.2.11.
Signal
67Pin #
SAMD21J18A MCU pin
Indented MUX function
TEMP SDA
12
PA22
SERCOM3(PAD0)
TEMP SCL
13
PA23
SERCOM3(PAD1)
TEMP alert
24
PB30
IO
Serial Flash
The AT25DF0181A 8Mb serial flash is connected to the MCU through SPI interface. Some of the pins are
routed to the EXT1 header as given in the table below.
Table 3-4. Flash Pin Connection
Signal
67Pin #
SAMD21J18A MCU pin
Indented MUX function
Other connection
FLASH SS
14
PA21
SERCOM5(PAD3)
FLASH MISO
15
PA20
SERCOM5(PAD2)
EXT1_17
FLASH SCK
16
PB17
SERCOM5(PAD1)
EXT1_18
FLASH MOSI
17
PB16
SERCOM5(PAD0)
EXT1_16
3.2.12.
UID Identification Chip
The UID chip is a unique ID chip used by the EDBG interface to enable automatic board identification in
Atmel Studio. When the motor control evaluation board is connected to the USB port the Atmel studio
recognizes it and load the necessary software and documentation.
3.2.13.
USB Communication Interface
The driver board has EDBG and MCU Micro-USB headers. EDBG USB is connected to the HS USB port
of the EDBG device in the MCU card. MCU USB is connected to the USB port of the MCU in the MCU
card plugged in.
3.2.14.
Debug Test Points
Test points are available on the driver board for probing debug signals. Proper silk screen text is provided
on the PCB to identify the test points. Some of the most useful test points are highlighted in the image
below.
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Figure 3-11. Debug Test Points on the Driver Board
3.2.15.
Motor Specification
Specification and wiring for the motor are given in the figure below.
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Figure 3-12. Motor Specification
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3.3.
ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK MCU-driver Interface
Atmel low voltage motor control solution support plugable MCU cards. The MCU card and driver interface
is a standard 67-pin interface as given in table below.
Table 3-5. MCU-driver Interface Pin-out
PIN
INTERFACE NAME
DRIVER BOARD
SAMD21J18A PIN
SAMD21 FUNCTION
1
EDBG USB HSP
EDBG_USB_HS_P
EDBG_USB_HS_P
EDBG_USB_HS_N
2
NC
NC
NC
NC
3
EDBG USB HSN
EDBG_USB_HS_N
EDBG_USB_HS_N
EDBG_USB_HS_N
4
EDBG ID2
EDBG_ID2/EXT1_1
EDBG_PB01
EDBG
5
NC
NC
NC
NC
6
EDBG ID1
EDBG_ID1
EDBG_PA28
EDBG
7
MCU USB DP
TARGET_USB_HS_P
PA25
USB_DN
8
TARGET USB VBUS
VCC_TARGET_USB_
P5V0
NC
NC
9
MCU USB DN
TARGET_USB_HS_N
PA24
USB_DP
10
EDBG USB VBUS
VCC_EDBG_USB_P5
V0
VCC_EDBG_USB_P5
V0
VCC_EDBG_USB_P5
V0
11
TARGET_USB_ID
TARGET_USB_ID
NC
NC
12
TEMP SDA
TEMP_SDA, EXT1_11 PA22
SERCOM3(PAD0)
13
TEMP SCL
TEMP_SCL, EXT_12
PA23
SERCOM3(PAD1)
14
FLASH SS
SPI_SS
PA21
SERCOM5(PAD3)
15
FLASH MISO
SPI_MISO, EXT1_17
PA20
SERCOM5(PAD2)
16
FLASH SCK
SPI_SCK, EXT1_18
PB17
SERCOM5(PAD1)
17
FLASH MOSI
SPI_MOSI, EXT1_16
PB16
SERCOM5(PAD0)
18
MCU GPIO1
EXT1_7(GPIO1)
PA19 (0)
I/O, EXTINT8
(Encoder)
19
MCU GPIO2
EXT1_8(GPIO2)
PB08
I/O
20
MCU GPIO3
EXT_3
NC
I/O
21
MCU GPIO4
NC(GPIO4)
NC
I/O
22
MCU GPIO5
EXT1_5(GPIO5)
PB31
I/O
23
MCU GPIO6
EXT1_6(GPIO6)
PA17
I/O
24
MCU GPIO7
Temp_Alert(GPIO7)
PB30
I/O
25
OCP
OCP(GPIO8)
PB03
I/O
26
EXT1 RXD
RXD_ EXT1_13
PA13
SERCOM2(PAD1)
27
EXT1 TXD
TXD_EXT1_14
PA12
SERCOM2(PAD0)
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28
PWM UH
PWM_UH
PA08
W00(TCC0)
29
PWM UL
PWM_UL
PA14
W04(TCC0)
30
PWM VH
PWM_VH
PA09
W01(TCC0)
31
PWM VL
PWM_VL
PA15
W05(TCC0)
32
PWM WH
PWM_WH
PA10
W02(TCC0)
33
PWM WL
PWM_WL
PA16
W06(TCC0)
34
MCU_GPIO8
EXT_15
PA02
AIN0 (ADC)
35
ATA RESET
EXT1_4(GPIO10)
NC
I/O
36
ATA WD
EXT1_10(GPIO11)
NC
I/O
37
ATA SLEEP
EXT1_9(GPIO12)
NC
I/O
38
USHUNT_ADC
USHUNT_ADC
PB04
AIN12(ADC)
39
VSHUNT_ADC
VSHUNT_ADC
PB05
AIN13(ADC)
40
WSHUNT_ADC
WSHUNT_ADC
PA11
AIN19(ADC)
41
MOTOR VDC
MOTOR_ADC
PB02
AIN10(ADC)
42
BEMF U_ADC
BEMF_UADC
PB00
AIN8(ADC)
43
BEMF V_ADC
BEMF_VADC
PB01
AIN9(ADC)
44
BEMF_W_ADC
BEMF_WADC
PB06
AIN14(ADC)
45
BEMF UP
BEMF_UP
PA04
AIN0 (AC)
46
BEMF UN
BEMF_UN
PA05
AIN1 (AC)
47
BEMF VP
BEMF_VP
PA06
AIN2 (AC)
48
BEMF VN
BEMF_VN
PA07
AIN3 (AC)
49
BEMF WP
BEMF_WP
PB07
AIN0(AC1)
50
BEMF WN
BEMF_WN
PB07
AIN1(AC1)
51
HALL1
HALL1
PA03
EXTINT3
52
HALL2
HALL2
PA18
EXTINT2
53
HALL3
HALL3
PA28
EXTINT8
54
HALL TRX OE
HALL_TRX_OE
PB11
I/O
55
ENCODER_A
ENCODER_A
PB09
EXTINT9
56
ENCODER_B
ENCODER_B
PB10
EXTINT10
57
ENCODER_Z
ENCODER_Z
PB23
EXTINT7
58
ENCODER_EN
ENCODER_EN
PB22
I/O
59
NC
NC
NC
NC
60
NC
NC
NC
NC
61
NC
NC
NC
NC
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24
62
3V3 SUPPLY for MCU
VCC_P
VCC_TARGET_P3V3
NC
63
3V3 SUPPLY for MCU
VCC_P
VCC_TARGET_P3V3
NC
64
GND
GND
GND
NC
65
GND
GND
GND
NC
66
GND
GND
GND
NC
67
GND
GND
GND
NC
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4.
Hardware Revision History and Known Issues
4.1.
Identifying Product ID and Revision
The revision and product identifier of ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK can be found by looking at the sticker on
the bottom side of the PCB. The identifier and revision are printed in plain text as A09-nnnn\rr, where
nnnn is the identifier and rr is the revision. Also the label contains a 10-digit serial number unique to each
kit assembly that contains the PCBs, motor and chassis.
The product identifier for ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK is A09-2671.
4.2.
Revision
Kit assembly revision for initial version is A09-2671/03. Known issues in this revision are:
•
The driver board should be powered OFF when the user is changing the power supply selection
switch or power supply selection jumper. Overall power consumption of the board seems to be
increasing otherwise.
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5.
Product Compliance
RoHS and WEEE
The Atmel ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK and its accessories are manufactured in accordance to both the
RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC) and the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC).
CE and FCC
The Atmel ATSAMD21BLDC24V-STK unit has been tested in accordance to the essential requirements
and other relevant provisions of Directives:
•
•
Directive 2004/108/EC (class B)
FCC rules part 15 subpart B
The following standards are used for evaluation:
•
•
EN 61326-1 (2013)
FCC CFR 47 Part 15 (2013)
The Technical Construction File is located at:
Atmel Norway
Vestre Rosten 79
7075 Tiller
Norway
Every effort has been made to minimize electromagnetic emissions from this product. However, under
certain conditions, the system (this product connected to a target application circuit) may emit individual
electromagnetic component frequencies which exceed the maximum values allowed by the abovementioned standards. The frequency and magnitude of the emissions will be determined by several
factors, including layout and routing of the target application with which the product is used.
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6.
Revision History
Doc. Rev.
Date
Description
42681A
02/2016
Initial document release.
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2016 Atmel Corporation. / Rev.: Atmel-42681A-SMART-ARM-based-Motor-Control-Kit_User Guide-02/2016
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