Circuit Note CN-0101 Circuit Designs Using Analog Devices Products Apply these product pairings quickly and with confidence. For more information and/or support call 1-800-AnalogD (1-800-262-5643) or visit www.analog.com/circuit. Devices Connected/Referenced ADA4430-1 Low Cost, High Speed, Rail-to-Rail Output Video Filter ADV7393 10-Bit, 2× Oversampling SDTV Video Encoder Reconstruction Video Filter Using the ADA4430-1 Amplifier After the ADV7393 Video Encoder CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS This circuit illustrates a digital-to-analog video converter paired with a low cost, low power, fully integrated reconstruction video filter. Although many video encoders (video DACs) such as the ADV7393 can drive a video load directly, it is often very beneficial to use a video driver at the output of a video encoder for power savings, line driving, and additional circuit protection. The video driver is typically configured as an active filter, also known as a reconstruction or anti-imaging filter. The purpose of the reconstruction filter is twofold: it blocks the higher frequency components (above the Nyquist frequency) that were introduced into the video signal as part of the digitization process and provides gain to drive the external 75 Ω cable to the video display. For ac-coupled output applications, the ADA4430-1 has an integrated SAG correction network. Signal amplitude gain (SAG) correction is used to provide low frequency compensation for the high-pass filter formed by the 150 Ω video load of a back-terminated cable and the output coupling capacitor. SAG correction reduces the size of the traditionally large ac coupling capacitor (330 µF), replacing it with much smaller 47 μF and 22 μF capacitors. The ADA4430-1 and the ADV7393 are both recommended for automotive application, which makes both products ideal for infotainment and vision-based safety systems applications. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The ADV7393 is a low power, fully integrated digital video encoder that converts digital 16-bit component video data, for example from a CMOS rearview camera, into a standard analog baseband video signal compatible with worldwide standards. The three 2.6 V/3.46 V 10-bit video DACs provide support for composite (CVBS), S-video (YC), or component (YPrPb/RGB) analog outputs in either standard definition (SD) or high definition (HD) video formats. The circuit in Figure 1 is configured for low output drive operation, which reduces the output current by 85% in all three DACs (RSET = 4.12 kΩ, RL = 300 Ω). To further save power, the internal PLL is disabled, and the encoder is operating in a 2× oversampling mode. The 16-bit video input port is configured to support SD video. The ADA4430-1 is a single sixth-order, low-pass video filter with a 9 MHz −3 dB cutoff and 50 dB of out-of-band rejection at 27 MHz. The ADA4430-1 is a low power, low cost, rail-to-rail output amplifier that has an operating supply range of +2.5 V to +6 V and is ideal for SD video application. Combined with the ADV7393 single chip video encoder, the ADA4430-1 enables the most power efficient video output solution for automotive applications. In Figure 1, the ADA4430-1 is configured as a reconstruction video filter with ac-coupled output with SAG correction. The compensation network includes C1, C2, and the internal resistor network integrated into the ADA4430-1. Traditional ac-coupling uses a large, expensive coupling capacitor, making it costly and wastes valuable PCB space. SAG correction allows two small, low cost capacitors to replace the one large ac-coupling capacitor and still maintain the same field tilt. Field tilt is a measure of the voltage droop (tilt) that occurs on the ac-coupling capacitor when a constant luma signal is applied. This droop is caused by the small discharge current created by the 75 Ω load resistor. The SAG correction capacitor values were chosen so as to achieve the equivalent field tilt of a 220 µF ac-coupling capacitor. When using the SAG correction circuit, the gain from the input to the immediate output of the ADA4430-1 is 2.5 (≈8 dB) at extremely low frequencies, where the outer feedback loop formed by the 22 μF capacitor effectively opens (see Figure 2) and exhibits a second-order peak of approximately 11 dB at approximately 5 Hz. This gain is approximately 7.5 dB at 30 Hz. The extra gain must be accounted for when considering low frequency input and output signal swings to keep them within their specified limits. The gain from the ADA4430-1 input to the load side of the 47 μF capacitor does not exhibit this behavior; instead, it appears more like a single-pole high-pass response. Rev. 0 “Circuits from the Lab” from Analog Devices have been designed and built by Analog Devices engineers. Standard engineering practices have been employed in the design and construction of each circuit, and their function and performance have been tested and verified in a lab environment at room temperature. However, you are solely responsible for testing the circuit and determining its suitability and applicability for your use and application. Accordingly, in no event shall Analog Devices be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages due to any cause whatsoever connected to the use of any“Circuit from the Lab”. (Continued on last page) One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2009 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. CN-0101 Circuit Note FERRITE BEAD VDD_IO 33µF 0.1µF 10µF GND_IO GND_IO GND_IO FERRITE BEAD VDD_IO POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING 0.01µF GND_IO PVDD 33µF 0.1µF 10µF PGND PGND PGND FERRITE BEAD PVDD POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING 0.01µF PGND VAA 33µF 0.1µF 10µF AGND AGND AGND FERRITE BEAD 0.01µF 33µF DGND 0.1µF 10µF DGND DGND VAA POWER SUPPLY AGND DECOUPLING 1µF AGND VDD 0.01µF DGND VDD_IO = 3.3V (1.71V TO 3.63V) PVDD = 1.8V (1.71V TO 1.89V) VAA = 3.3V (2.6V TO 3.465V) VDD = 1.8V (1.71V TO 1.89V) VDD POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING FOR EACH POWER PIN VAA VDD_IO P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 PVDD VDD VDD VAA 2.2nF COMP RSET ADV739x 4.12kΩ AGND VAA PIXEL PORT INPUTS P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P15 POWER-DOWN CONTROL ADV7392/ ADV7393 ONLY 1 6 1x ×1 4 GND 2 HSYNC VSYNC 3 VOUT 47µF 75Ω DAC 1 2.6kΩ AGND SAG CLOCK INPUT 5 VS+ VIN DAC 1 300Ω CONTROL INPUTS/OUTPUTS 0.1µF PD ADA4430-1 2.6kΩ 1.3kΩ 2.6kΩ CLKIN 22µF MPU PORT INPUTS/OUTPUTS SDA/SCLK SCL/MCSI SFL/MISO ALSB/SPI_SS ADA4430-1 75Ω DAC 2 DAC 2 LPF RESET 300Ω EXTERNAL LOOP FILTER PVDD AGND ADA4430-1 12nF EXT_LF 170Ω 75Ω DAC 3 DAC 3 LPF LOOP FILTER COMPONENTS SHOULD BE LOCATED AGND PGND DGND DGND GND_IO CLOSE TO THE EXT_LF PIN AND ON THE SAME SIDE OF THE PCB AS THE ADV739x. 300Ω AGND 08373-001 150nF AGND PGND DGND DGND GND_IO Figure 1. Low Cost, Fully Integrated Reconstruction Filter using the ADA4430-1(Simplified Schematic) Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 3 Circuit Note CN-0101 Figure 2 illustrates the SAG frequency response immediately at the ADA4430-1 output and at the load side of the 47 μF capacitor. 10 MT-101 Tutorial, Decoupling Techniques. Analog Devices. 8 Data Sheets 6 ADA4430-1 Data Sheet. 4 GAIN (dB) Kester, Walt. 2005. The Data Conversion Handbook. Analog Devices. Chapters 8 and 9. MT-031 Tutorial, Grounding Data Converters and Solving the Mystery of AGND and DGND. Analog Devices. 12 2 ADV7393 Data Sheet. 0 –2 REVISION HISTORY –4 7/09—Revision 0: Initial Version AT ADA4430-1 OUTPUT AT LOAD SIDE OF 47µF CAPACITOR –8 1 10 100 1k 10k 08373-002 –6 –10 LEARN MORE 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 2. SAG Correction Frequency Response at ADA4430-1 Output and at the Load Side of the 47 µF Capacitor Buffering is a function that is often overlooked, but is very important. For example, many automotive customers will use low cost amplifiers to protect more expensive and complex devices, such as video decoders and encoders. Amplifiers with ac-coupled outputs as shown in Figure 1 help protect such devices from overvoltage and ESD damage. COMMON VARIATIONS There are a few options for ac-coupled output configuration. SAG correction, as shown in Figure 1, uses 22 μF and 47 μF capacitors. The traditional ac-coupled output uses a single 220 μF capacitor; in this configuration, the SAG pin is connected directly to the output pin before the output capacitor. For dc-coupled configurations, the SAG pin is also connected directly to the output pin. In both dc-coupled and traditional ac-coupled configurations, connecting the SAG pin directly to the output pin results in a gain of +2 buffer at all video frequencies. 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