USB Power Delivery and Type-C Overview Architecture Product Portfolio Solution USB Type-C Overview USB Power Delivery specification introduces USB Type-C receptacle, plug and cable; they provide a smaller, thinner and more robust alternative to existing USB interconnect. Main features are: • Enable new and exciting host and device form-factors where size, industrial design and style are important parameters • Work seamlessly with existing USB host and device silicon solutions • Enhance ease of use for connecting USB devices with a focus on minimizing user confusion for plug and cable orientation USB Type-C Overview Type-C Features • Enable new and exciting host and device form-factors where size, industrial design and style are important parameters • Work seamlessly with existing USB host and device silicon solutions • Enhance ease of use for connecting USB devices with a focus on minimizing user confusion for plug and cable orientation • Simple Power Delivery implementation (BMC) Mode of Operation Nominal Voltage Maximum Current Notes USB 2.0 5V 500 mA USB 3.1 5V 900 mA Default current, based on definitions in the base specifications USB BC 1.2 USB Type-C @ 1.5 A USB Type-C @ 3.0 A 5V 5V 5V Up to 1.5 A 1.5 A 3A Legacy charging Supports high power devices Supports higher power devices USB PD Configurable up to 20 V Configurable up to 5 A Directional control and power level management The Re-Evolution of USB USB has evolved from a data interface capable of supplying limited power to a primary provider of power with a data interface Power Delivery More Power with USB Power Delivery (100W) Type-C More Flexibility with a new reversible USB-C connector Alternate Mode More Protocols (Display Port, HDMI, VGA, Ethernet…) USB IF More Speed with USB 3.1 (10 Gbit/s) USB PD Power Profiles as of today …. per USB PD release 2.0 USB PD New Profiles proposal Type-C Pin Outs Functions Receptacle High Speed Data Path (RX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured in Alternate Mode) USB 2.0 Interface High Speed Data Path (TX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured in Alternate Mode) A1 GND A2 TX1+ A3 TX1- A4 VBUS A5 CC1 A6 D+ A7 D- A8 SBU1 A9 VBUS A10 RX2- A12 RX2+ A12 GND GND B12 RX1+ B11 RX1B10 VBUS B9 SBU2 B8 DB7 D+ B6 CC2 B5 VBUS B4 TX2B3 TX2+ B2 GND B1 Secondary Bus Cable Bus Power Cable Ground Configuration Channel Two pins on the USB Type-C receptacle, CC1 and CC2, are used in the discovery, configuration and management of connections across USB type-C cable Type-C Pin Outs Functions Plug High Speed Data Path (RX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured in Alternate Mode) A12 GND A11 RX2+ A10 RX2- A9 VBUS A8 SBU1 GND B1 TX2+ B2 TX2B3 VBUS B4 VCONN B5 Secondary Bus Cable Bus Power USB 2.0 Interface A7 DB6 High Speed Data Path (TX for USB 3.1, or reconfigured in Alternate Mode) A6 D+ A5 CC A4 VBUS A3 TX1- A2 TX1+ A1 GND B7 SBU2 B8 VBUS B9 RX1B10 RX1+ B11 GND B12 Cable Ground Configuration Channel On a standard USB Type-C cable, only a single CC wire within each plug is connected through the cable to establish signal orientation The other CC pin is repurposed as VCONN for powering electronics Also, only one set of USB 2.0 D+/D- wires are implemented Architecture Architecture and key words Provider Consumer Device Policy Manager Source port Device Policy Manager Policy Engine Protocol Layer Cable Detection Policy Engine Power Source(s) Power Sink Physical Layer BMC Sink port Protocol Layer Physical Layer BFSK BFSK Cable Detection BMC USB Port USB Port Type A/B Plug identification CC (Type-C only) VBUS VBUS CC (Type-C only) Type A/B Plug identification VBUS CC Communication across the channel uses Biphase Mark Coding (BMC) over CC in Type C connector USB Type-C CC Connections DFP Source Connection Detection and muxes control • • • • • UFP - Sink 4 possible CC configurations Connection Detection Detect attach/detach of USB ports, e.g. a DFP to a UFP Resolve cable orientation and twist connections to establish USB data bus routing Establish DFP and UFP roles between two attached ports Discover and configure VBUS USB Power Delivery Communication USB PD Stack & Policy Policies System Policy Manager (system wide) is optional. It monitors and controls System Policy between various Providers and Consumers connected via USB. Device Policy Manager (one per Provider or Consumer) provides mechanisms to monitor and control the USB-PD within a particular Provider or Consumer. It enables local policies to be enforced across the system by communication with the System Policy Manager. Policy Engine (one per Source or Sink Port) interacts directly with the Device Policy Manager in order to determine the present local policy to be enforced. USB Host Protocol Layer System Policy Manager USB hub tree (optional) USB PD device USB interface (optional) Device Policy Manager Policy Engine Protocol Layer Physical Layer VBUS / CC The Protocol Layer forms the messages used to communicate information between a pair of ports. It receives inputs from the Policy Engine indicating which messages to send and indicates the responses back to the Policy Engine Physical Layer It is responsible for sending and receiving messages across either the VBUS or CC wire. It consists of a transceiver that superimposes a signal (BFSK on VBUS or BMC on CC) on the wire. It is responsible for managing data on the wire and for collision avoidance and detects errors in the messages using a CRC Product Portfolio A complete offer to “lean in” USB PD Ecosystem Host, USB 3.1 Controller Access Point (optional) Protections SuperSpeed Switch USB Power Delivery Controller Power Management PHY - Type-C interface Type-C connector Profile 1-2-3 Power Source Building Blocks High Voltage Flyback Controller: STCH02 Power MOSFET Low Voltage Rectifier main transformer pulse transformer optocoupler communication • • • CC/CV SEA01 Feedback Network Selection Multi Port case: Post regulation for each port DC/DC Post regulation USB PD Interface IC It covers profile 1-2-3 from 5W to 45W High Efficiency Low EMI design: intelligent Jitter for EMI suppression USB PD Interface IC STCH02 Primary Side Controller: Adapters up to 45W Features • Proprietary Constant current output regulation (CC) with no opto-coupler • 700V embedded HV start-up circuit • Quasi-resonant (QR) Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) operation • Valley skipping at medium-light load and advanced burst mode operation at no-load for under 10mW consumption • Accurate adjustable output OVP Benefits • Low part count. BOM reduction thanks to an extensive features integration • Exceeding 5 stars: No-Load power < 10mW • HV start-up zero power consumption • Advanced burst-mode operation SO8 • Flexibility: suitable for adapters from 5W to 40W • High Efficiency • Low EMI design: intelligent jitter for EMI suppression Profile 4, 5 Power Source Building Blocks Low Voltage High Voltage Synchrounous Rectification SRK2001 PFC L6563H Power MOSFET main transformer DC/DC Post regulation Power MOSFET CC/CV SEA01 LLC L6699 Post Regulation USB PD Interface IC optocoupler PFC-LLC Integrated New solution STCMB1 1 per port L6563H Transition Mode PFC controller Features • • • • • • • • • Datasheet : available on www.st.com SO16 700V High Voltage Start-up circuit Fast bidirectional input voltage feedforward Adjustable OVP AC Brownout Detection Tracking boost function Inductor saturation protection Proprietary THD optimizer circuit Interface for cascaded converters -600mA/+800mA gate driver • Low steady state ripple and current distortion with limited undershoot or overshoot of the preregulator’s output thanks to new input voltage feed-forward implementation • Reduced THD of the current • High reliability thanks to a full set of protections • HV start-up significantly reduces consumption compared to standard discrete circuit solutions • Facilitated cooperation with cascaded DC-DC converter thanks to several power management & housekeeping functions L6699 High power adapters 90W to 250W Series-resonant half-bridge topology Features • Self adjusting adaptive dead time • Anti-capacitive mode protection • Two-level OCP • Frequency shift • Immediate shutdown • • • • Safe-start procedure Burst-mode operation at light load Brown-out protection Interface with PFC controller Datasheet : available on www.st.com Benefits • High efficiency: • Reduced internal consumption (Iq=1mA) • Adaptive dead time allows design optimization to achieve ZVS with lower magnetizing current SO16N • Improved reliability and lifetime thanks to anticapacitive protection and smooth start-up circuit • Reduced audible noise when entering burstmode operation thanks to smooth restart feature USB-PD Power MOSFET product families 800V-1500V K5 Flyback 600V-650V M2 M6 Price/Performance Premium efficiency Flyback/PFC/LLC 40-120V F7 Synch Rec VHV PowerMOSFETs Flyback Architecture Features • Unmatched RDS(on) at very high BVDSS 800-950V-1050V • Ultra-Low QG and high switching speed • Extremely low thermal resistance • High quality & reliability Benefits • • • • Outstanding Form Factor STL8N80 Lower on-state conduction losses Best switching losses High efficiency with lower design complexity Ultra small Form factor 800V, 950mOhm, 13nC PowerFLAT5x6 Part Number BVDss RDS(on) ID STB13N80K5 800V 0.45Ω 12A STD8N80K5 800V 0.95Ω 6A STD9N80K5 800V 0.90Ω 7A Product range example Power MOSFET PFC & LLC Architecture Features • Up to 30% lower QG vs main competition (equivalent die size) • 400 – 700V BVDSS rated • Back-to-Back G-S Zener protected Product range example PFC VDSS RDS(on) ID STF24N60M2 600V 0.190Ω 18A STF25N60M2-EP 600V 0.188Ω 18A STF20N60M2-EP 600V 0.278Ω 13A LLC VDSS RDS(on) ID STF9N60M2 600V 0.750Ω 5.5A STF15N60M2-EP 600V 0.378Ω 11A STFI11N60M2-EP (e.s.available) 600V 0.595Ω 8.0A LLC VDSS RDS(on) ID STF9N60M6 600V 0.750Ω ES April ‘16 STF10N60M6 600V 0.600Ω ES April ‘16 STF13N60M6 600V 0.380Ω ES April ‘16 PFC Performance LLC Performance Benefits • Reduced switching losses • Enhanced immunity vs ESD & Vgs spikes • Technologies dedicated to specific topology Product range example STL24N60 600V, 210mΩ, 28nC PowerFLAT8x8 LLC Premium Power MOSFETs Synchronous Rectification Features • • • • Part Number Voltage Ron Current STL260N4LF7 40V <1.1mΩ 5.5A STL200N45LF7 40V <1.8mΩ 11A Very low RDS(on); Proper COSS; Low VSD and QRR with soft recovery body-drain diode LL Vth Benefits • Efficiency improvement due low conduction losses and to static and dynamic diode ones, minimized switching noise and Vds spike at turn OFF • Easy driving features Protections ESD/CMF/ECMF High flexibility for the Designers needs to find best compatibilities • Robustness: Surge capability up to 25kV and low clamping ESD Protection • Flexibility & Integration: Single or multi lines products • Transparency: High bandwidth for high speed signals • High quality of protection • Unique filtering shape capabilities • Serial Interface: USB2.0/3.0, MIPI,DP, HDMI ESD + CMF • Filters radiated noise and limits antenna de-sense. • High quality of protection • High integration: 1mm2 / 2 differential lines • Serial Interface: USB2.0/3.0, MIPI,DP, HDMI ECMF = ESD + CMF integrated • Filters radiated noise and limits antenna de-sense Controller & Interface Value proposition: offer flexible and scalable solutions for designers USB PD Controller MCU Based PHY -Type-C Interface USB PD Hard Coded Controller STM32 STUSB16 STUSB4x • FW USB PD Stack • Adaptability versus USB PD specification new release • PHY-Type-C interface companion chip • Market proven solution • Dual Role Type-C Interface with BMC • Dual role capability • Configurable start-up profiles • Interface with external MCU through I2C • Accessory support • • • • • HW USB PD Stack Flexible HW-SW partitioning Autorun or Micro based Easy Dead Battery Support P2P with PHY-Type-C interface MCU Overview: STM32F0 HW resources • Transmission uses : TIM14, SPI1, DMA, GPIO • Reception uses : TIM3, DMA, 1 comparator • TIM2 is used to time-schedule tasks • Embedded ADC to detect device on the CC bus and perform power measurements • CRC to evaluate message’s CRC • Standard GP I/Os to control Vconn, Load switch, Vbus discharge switch, Vout selection (primary feedback… Flash Memory RAM Memory Provider only 25.5 kB 4.4 kB Provider only (RTOS) 29.0 kB 7.3 kB Provider/Consumer DRP (RTOS) 30.2 kB 7.3 kB Project USB-PD Interface: STUSB16xx Features CSP QFN-24 (4x4 mm) Pin to pin compatible with STUSBxx family • • • • • • • • • • Dual Role Type-C Interface with BMC Dual role capability Configurable start-up profiles 600mA VCONN 120uA Idle current measured Interface with external MCU through I²C+Interrupt Integrated Voltage monitoring Integrated VBUS discharge path Accessory support Dual Power supply: • VSYS = 3.3V, • VDD [4.6V; 22V] (from VBUS) Benefits • • • • • • Visit http://www.st.com/web/en/campaigns/usb-type-c.html Low Pin count Integrated BMC transceiver Simple, Robust Configurable, Flexible Optimized for Portable applications P2P with STUSB4x USB-PD Type-C Solution • AC/DC Multi-output 36W Converter • Based on STCH02 QR controller • Multiple Output voltages (5V, 9V, 12V) • STM32 Embedded Software Solution • to interface with USB-C connector • to handle the USB Power Delivery protocol • cost effective and popular 32bit Microcontroller • HW platform based on X-Nucleo Shield Block Diagram NUCLEO + MORPHO CONNECTORS Analog Front End Type-C Interface Internal Power Block Power Connector NUCLEO + X-NUCLEO-USBPDM1 External Power Supply Board Modular Approach Block Diagram: Features Power Connector Internal Supply Load Switch Bus Discharge ESD VCONN CCs Role Setup ESD VBUS CCs Receptacle VCONN Switch Analog Front End & Cable Logic Volt & Curr Sensing USB 2.0 On board functionalities activable if not available on external power supply board. USB 2.0 USB 2.0 hooked to Type-C on Port 0, if available on STM32. AC/DC 36W 5/9/12V Efficiency and no Load Consumption Efficiency @ 115Vac Load Iout [A] 5V 9V 12V Load Iout [A] 5V 9V 12V 100% 3.000 83.18% 85.17% 85.41% 100% 3.000 82.42% 85.56% 86.35% 75% 2.250 80.61% 85.34% 85.53% 75% 2.250 81.44% 84.65% 85.47% 1.510 80.65% 83.44% 84.08% 0.750 77.89% 80.36% 80.05% 80.60% 83.50% 84% 50% 1.510 80.20% 84.71% 84.61% 50% 25% 0.750 80.92% 85.17% 81.67% 25% 81.23% 84.45% 84.30% Average Average Input voltage • • Efficiency @ 230Vac Efficiency @ 10% Pout 5V 9V 12V 115VAC 76.29% 76.68% 73.28% 230VAC 73.09% 73.06% 70.54% Input voltage No load consumption 5V 115Vac 11mW 230Vac 12mW • 36W 5/9/12V board Please note that the values of efficiency are penalized by the power losses on secondary rectifier diode. The efficiency can be improved around 4% using synchronous rectification AC/DC 36W 5/9/12V Schematic 1 MCU + Discrete AFE Overview STM32F0 • STM32 Embedded Software Solution to interface with USB-C connector and to handle the USB Power Delivery protocol. USB-C & PD FW Hardware : Entry level Cortex-M0 based STM32F0 microcontroller series with simple discrete Analog Front End PHY GPI/Os Discrete Analog FE Embedded Software : USB-C & PD Middleware CC1/CC2 Best device for 2 ports management : STM32F051 in 48 pin package Best device for 1 port management : STM32F051/31 in 20/32 pin package USB Type-C connector X-NUCLEO-USBPDM1 • USB-C Power Delivery expansion board with two USB Type-C connectors for two port management. • Main fetures: • Two Dual Role Ports • Dedicated Power Connector to interface with external Power Supply board providing different profiles (up to 20V and 5A) and VCONN • On-board Power management able to provide internal needed voltages from VBUS • Six debug LEDs • USB 2.0 interface capability available on one port • Compatible with STM32 Nucleo boards • Equipped with ST morpho connectors X-NUCLEO-USBPDM1 Board Details Morpho connectors Power Role Configuration Port 0 Power Role Configuration Port 1 CC AFE and VCONN Switch Port 1 CC AFE and VCONN Switch Port 0 User LEDs VBUS Port 1 Switch and discharge VBUS Port 0 Switch and discharge Power Connector for external Power Source VBUS Current/Voltage sensing Port 1 VBUS Current/Voltage sensing Port 0 Local Power Management Type-C Receptacle Port 0 (USB2.0 Capability) Type-C Receptacle Port 1 Connector for VBUS Load Port 1 Connector for VBUS Load Port 0