View detail for AT91SAM7SE Microcontroller Series Schematic Check List

AT91SAM7SE Microcontroller Series Schematic
Check List
1. Introduction
This application note is a schematic review check list for systems embedding Atmel’s
AT91SAM7SE series of ARM® Thumb®-based microcontrollers.
It gives requirements concerning the different pin connections that must be considered before starting any new board design and describes the minimum hardware
resources required to quickly develop an application with the AT91SAM7SE Series. It
does not consider PCB layout constraints.
AT91 ARM
Thumb-based
Microcontroller
Application Note
It also gives advice regarding low-power design constraints to minimize power
consumption.
This application note is not intended to be exhaustive. Its objective is to cover as
many configurations of use as possible.
The Check List table has a column reserved for reviewing designers to verify the line
item has been checked.
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
2. Associated Documentation
Before going further into this application note, it is strongly recommended to check the latest
documents for the AT91SAM7SE Series Microcontrollers on Atmel’s Web site.
Table 2-1 gives the associated documentation needed to support full understanding of this application note.
Table 2-1.
2
Associated Documentation
Information
Document Title
User Manual
Electrical/Mechanical Characteristics
Ordering Information
Errata
AT91SAM7SE Series Product Datasheet
Internal architecture of processor
ARM/Thumb instruction sets
Embedded in-circuit-emulator
ARM7TDMI® Datasheet
Evaluation Kit User Guide
AT91SAM7SE-EK Evaluation Board User Guide
Using SDRAM on AT91SAM7SE Microcontrollers
Using SDRAM on AT91SAM7SE Microcontrollers
NAND Flash Support in AT91SAM7SE
Microcontrollers
NAND Flash Support in AT91SAM7SE Microcontrollers
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
3. Schematic Check List
3.3V Single Power Supply Strategy (On-chip Voltage Regulator Used)
To reduce power consumption, voltage regulator can be put in standby mode.
100nF
VDDFLASH
100nF
VDDIO
DC/DC Converter
GND
VDDIN
3.3V
4.7µF
100nF
GND
Voltage
Regulator
2.2µF
100nF
VDDOUT
100nF
VDDCORE
100nF
VDDPLL
GND
3.3V Single Power Supply Schematic Example:(1)
On-chip voltage regulator is used - power supply on VDDIO 3.3V
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
VDDIN
3.0V to 3.6V
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors
(100 nF and 4.7 µF)(1)(2)
VDDOUT
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors
(100 nF and 2.2 µF)(1)(2)
VDDIO
3.0V to 3.6V
or
1.65V to 1.95V
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
VDDFLASH
3.0V to 3.6V
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
Description
Powers on-chip voltage regulator and ADC.
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors must be added to improve
startup stability and reduce source voltage drop.
Output of the on-chip 1.8V voltage regulator.
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors must be added to
guarantee 1.8V stability
Powers I/O lines.
Dual voltage range supported.
Powers Flash (charge pump) and USB transceivers.
3
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
Description
VDDCORE
1.65 to 1.95V
Can be connected directly to VDDOUT pin
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
Powers device and flash logic, on-chip RC.
VDDPLL
1.65 to 1.95V
Can be connected directly to VDDOUT pin
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
Powers the main oscillator and the PLL.
Ground
No separate ground pins are provided for the different
power supplies.
Only GND pins are provided and should be connected as
shortly as possible to the system ground plane.
GND
4
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
3.3V and 1.8V Dual Power Supply Strategy (On-chip Voltage Regulator NOT Used and ADC Used)
To reduce power consumption, voltage regulator can be put in standby mode.
100nF
VDDFLASH
100nF
VDDIO
DC/DC Converter
GND
VDDIN
3.3V
4.7µF
100nF
GND
2.2µF
100nF
VDDOUT
GND
100nF
VDDPLL
DC/DC Converter
GND
VDDCORE
1.8V
2.2µF
100nF
GND
3.3V and 1.8V Dual Power Supply Schematic Example:(1)
On-chip voltage regulator is not used - ADC is used - power supply on VDDIO: 3.3V
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
Description
VDDIN
3.0V to 3.6V
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors
(100 nF and 4.7 µF)(1)(2)
Powers ADC.
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors must be added to improve
startup stability and reduce source voltage drop.
VDDOUT
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors
(100 nF and 2.2 µF)(1)(2)
Output of the on-chip 1.8V voltage regulator.
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors must be added to prevent
on-chip voltage regulator oscillations.
VDDIO
3.0V to 3.6V
or
1.65V to 1.95V
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
VDDFLASH
3.0V to 3.6V
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
Powers I/O lines.
Dual voltage range supported.
Powers Flash (charge pump) and USB transceivers.
VVDDFLASH must always be superior or equal to
VVDDCORE.
5
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
VDDCORE
1.65 to 1.95V
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors
(100 nF and 2.2 µF)(1)(2)
VDDPLL
1.65 to 1.95V
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
Powers the main oscillator and the PLL.
Ground
No separate ground pins are provided for the different
power supplies.
Only GND pins are provided and should be connected as
shortly as possible to the system ground plane.
GND
6
Description
Powers device logic, on-chip RC and Flash.
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors must be added to improve
startup stability and reduce source voltage drop.
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
3.3V and 1.8V Dual Power Supply Strategy (On-chip Voltage Regulator and ADC NOT Used)
100nF
VDDFLASH
DC/DC Converter
GND
VDDIO
3.3V
4.7µF
100nF
GND
VDDIN
GND
NC
VDDOUT
100nF
VDDPLL
DC/DC Converter
GND
VDDCORE
1.8V
2.2µF
100nF
GND
3.3V and 1.8V Dual Power Supply Schematic Example:(1)
On-chip voltage regulator is not used - ADC is not used - power supply on VDDIO: 3.3V
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
Description
VDDIN
Connected to GND.
-
VDDOUT
Can be left unconnected.
-
3.0V to 3.6V
or
1.65V to 1.95V
Powers I/O lines.
Dual voltage range supported.
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors
(100 nF and 4.7µF)(1)(2)
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors must be added to improve
startup stability and reduce source voltage drop.
3.0V to 3.6V
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
Powers Flash (charge pump) and USB transceivers.
VVDDFLASH must always be superior or equal to
VVDDCORE.
VDDIO
VDDFLASH
7
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
VDDCORE
1.65 to 1.95V
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors
(100 nF and 2.2 µF)(1)(2)
VDDPLL
1.65 to 1.95V
Decoupling capacitor (100 nF)(1)(2)
Powers the main oscillator and the PLL.
Ground
No separate ground pins are provided for the different
power supplies.
Only GND pins are provided and should be connected as
shortly as possible to the system ground plane.
GND
8
Description
Powers device logic, on-chip RC and Flash.
Decoupling/Filtering capacitors must be added to improve
startup stability and reduce source voltage drop.
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
Description
Clock, Oscillator and PLL
Internal Equivalent Load Capacitance (CL):
For the AT91SAM7SE512/256: CL = 20 pF
For the AT91SAM7SE32: CL = 11 pF
Crystal Load Capacitance to check (CCRYSTAL).
AT91SAM7SE
CL
XIN
XIN
XOUT
Main Oscillator
in
Normal Mode
XOUT
GND
Crystals between 3 and 20 MHz
Capacitors on XIN and XOUT
(crystal load capacitance dependant)
1K
8 MHz
CCRYSTAL
1 kOhm resistor on XOUT only required for
crystals with frequencies lower than 8 MHz.
CLEXT
CLEXT
Example: on the AT91SAM7SE512/256,
for an 18.432 MHz crystal with a load capacitance of
CCRYSTAL = 20 pF, no external capacitors are required
(CCRYSTAL = CL)
Refer to the electrical specifications of the AT91SAM7SE
series datasheet.
XIN
XOUT
Main Oscillator
in
Bypass Mode
XIN: external clock source
XOUT: can be left unconnected.
1.8V Square wave signal (VDDPLL)
External Clock Source up to 50 MHz
Duty Cycle: 40 to 60%
9
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
Description
See the Excel spreadsheet:
“ATMEL_PLL_LFT_Filter_CALCULATOR_AT91_xxx.zip”
(available in the software files on the Atmel Web site)
allowing calculation of the best R-C1-C2 component values
for the PLL Loop Back Filter.
PLLRC
Second-order filter
PLL
PLLRC
R
Can be left unconnected if PLL not used.
C2
C1
GND
R, C1 and C2 must be placed as close as possible to the
pins.
10
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
ICE and JTAG
Description
(3)
TCK
Pull-up (100 kOhm)(1)
No internal pull-up resistor.
TMS
Pull-up (100 kOhm)
(1)
No internal pull-up resistor.
Pull-up (100 kOhm)
(1)
No internal pull-up resistor.
TDI
TD0
Floating
Output driven at up to VVDDIO
(4)
JTAGSEL
In harsh environments , It is strongly
recommended to tie this pin to GND if
not used or to add an external low-value
resistor (such as 1 kOhm).
Must be tied to VVDDIO to enter JTAG Boundary Scan.
Internal pull-down resistor (15 kOhm).
Flash Memory
ERASE
In harsh environments(4), It is strongly
recommended to tie this pin to GND if
not used or to add an external low-value
resistor (such as 1 kOhm).
Must be tied to VVDDIO to erase the General Purpose NVM
bits (GPNVMx), the whole flash content and the security bit
(SECURITY).
Internal pull-down resistor (15 kOhm).
This pin is debounced by the RC oscillator to improve the
glitch tolerance.
Minimum debouncing time is 220 ms.
Reset/Test
NRST is configured as an output at power up.
(5)
NRST
Application dependant.
Can be connected to a push button for
hardware reset.
TST
In harsh environments(4), It is strongly
recommended to tie this pin to GND if
not used or to add an external low-value
resistor (such as 1 kOhm).
NRST is controlled by the Reset Controller (RSTC).
An internal pull-up resistor to VVDDIO (100 kOhm) is
available for User Reset and External Reset control.
Must be tied to VVDDIO to enter Fast Flash Programming
(FFPI) mode(5)
Internal pull-down resistor (15 kOhm).
11
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
;
Signal Name
Recommended Pin Connection
Description
PIO
PAx - PBx - PCx
All PIOs are pulled-up inputs at reset and are schmitt
trigger inputs.
To reduce power consumption if not used, the concerned
PIO can be configured as an output, driven at ‘0’ with
internal pull-up disabled.
Application Dependant
ADC
ADVREF is a pure analog input.
ADVREF
2.6V to VVDDIN.
Decoupling capacitor(s).
To reduce power consumption, if ADC is not used, connect
ADVREF to GND.
AD0 to AD3 are digital pulled-up inputs at reset.
AD4 to AD7 are pure analog inputs.
AD0 to AD7
0V to VADVREF.
To reduce power consumption, if ADC is not used, connect
AD4, AD5, AD6 and AD7 to GND.
USB Device (UDP)
Integrated programmable pull-up resistor (UDP_TXVC)
No internal pull-down resistor.
DDP
Application Dependant(6)
To reduce power consumption, if USB Device is not used,
DDP must be left unconnected.
No internal pull-down resistor.
DDM
(6)
Application Dependant
To reduce power consumption, if USB Device is not used,
DDM must be left unconnected.
SDRAM Controller (SDRAMC)
SDCK
Notes:
SDRAM Clock
This pin is tied low after reset.
Maximum output frequency:
48.2 MHz for VVDDIO from 3.0V to 3.6V
25 MHz for VVDDIO from 1.65V to 1.95V
–
1. These values are given only as a typical example.
2. Decoupling capacitors must be connected as close as possible to the microcontroller and on each concerned pin.
100nF
VDDCORE
100nF
VDDCORE
100nF
VDDCORE
GND
3. It is recommended to establish accessibility to a JTAG connector for debug in any case.
4. In a well-shielded environment subject to low magnetic and electric field interference, the pin may be left unconnected. In
noisy environments, a connection to ground is recommended.
12
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
5. See: Test Pin description in I/O Lines Considerations section of the AT91SAM7SE datasheet for more details on the different
conditions to enter FFPI mode.
6. Example of USB Device connection:
As there is an embedded pull-up, no external circuitry is necessary to enable and disable the 1.5 kOhm pull-up.
To prevent over consumption when the host is disconnected, an external pull-down can be added to DDP and DDM.
A termination serial resistor (REXT) must be connected to DDP and DDM. A recommended resistor value is defined in the
electrical specifications of the AT91SAM7SE datasheet.
.
PIO
5V Bus Monitoring
27 K
47 K
REXT
DDM
2
1
3
Type B 4
Connector
DDP
REXT
330 K
330 K
13
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
4. External Bus Interface (EBI) Hardware Interface
Table 4-1 details the connections to be applied between the EBI pins and the external devices
for each Memory Controller:
Table 4-1.
EBI Pins and External Static Devices Connections
Pins of the Interfaced Device
8-bit Static
Device
Pin
Controller
2 x 8-bit
Static
Devices
16-bit
Static
Device
SMC
SDRAM(1)
CompactFlash
SDRAMC
CompactFlash
True IDE Mode
NAND
Flash(2)
SMC
D0 - D7
D0 - D7
D0 - D7
D0 - D7
D0 - D7
D0 - D7
D0 - D7
I/O0 - I/O7
D8 - D15
–
D8 - D15
D8 - D15
D8 - D15
D8 - 15
D8 - 15
I/O8 - I/O15(3)
D16 - D31
–
–
–
D16 - D31
–
–
–
A0/NBS0
A0
–
NLB
DQM0
A0
A0
–
A1/NBS2
A1
A0
A0
DQM2
A1
A1
–
A2 - A9
A1 - A8
A1 - A8
A0 - A7
A2 - A9
A2 - A9
–
A10
A10
A9
A9
A8
A10
A10
–
A11
A11
A10
A10
A9
–
–
–
–
–
–
A10
–
–
–
A12
A11
A11
–
–
–
–
A13 - A14
A12 - A13
A12 - A13
A11 - A12
–
–
–
A15
A15
A14
A14
–
–
–
–
A16/BA0
A16
A15
A15
BA0
–
–
–
A17/BA1
A17
A16
A16
BA1
–
–
–
A18 - A20
A18 - A20
A17 - A19
A17 - A19
–
–
–
–
A21/NANDALE
A21
A20
A20
–
–
–
ALE
A22/REG/NANDCLE
A22
A21
A21
–
REG
A2 - A9
SDA10
A12
A13 - A14
NCS0
CS
CS
CS
–
NCS1/SDCS
CS
CS
CS
CS
–
(4)
CFRNW
–
CFRNW
–
(4)
–
–
(4)
NCS2/CFCS1
CS
CS
CS
–
NCS3/NANDCS
CS
CS
CS
–
–
–
CE(7)
NCS4/CFCS0
CS
CS
CS
–
CFCS0(4)
CFCS0(4)
–
NCS5/CFCE1
CS
CS
CS
–
CE1
CS0
–
NCS6/CFCE2
CS
CS
CS
–
CE2
CS1
–
NCS7
CS
CS
CS
–
–
–
–
NANDOE
–
–
–
–
–
–
RE
NANDWE
–
–
–
–
–
–
WE
OE
OE
NRD/CFOE
NWR0/NWE/CFWE
NWR1/NBS1/CFIOR
NBS3/CFIOW
14
WE
WE
–
CFCS1
CLE
(4)
CFCS1
–
OE
–
OE
–
WE
(5)
WE
–
WE
–
WE
(5)
NUB
DQM1
IOR
IOR
–
–
DQM3
IOW
IOW
–
–
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
Table 4-1.
EBI Pins and External Static Devices Connections (Continued)
Pins of the Interfaced Device
8-bit Static
Device
Pin
Controller
2 x 8-bit
Static
Devices
16-bit
Static
Device
SMC
SDRAM(1)
CompactFlash
SDRAMC
CompactFlash
True IDE Mode
NAND
Flash(2)
SMC
SDCK
–
–
–
CLK
–
–
–
SDCKE
–
–
–
CKE
–
–
–
RAS
–
–
–
RAS
–
–
–
CAS
–
–
–
CAS
–
–
–
SDWE
–
–
–
WE
–
–
–
NWAIT
–
–
–
–
WAIT
WAIT
–
Pxx
(6)
–
–
–
–
CD1 or CD2
CD1 or CD2
–
Pxx
(6)
–
–
–
–
–
–
CE(7)
–
–
–
–
–
–
RDY
Pxx(6)
Notes:
1. For SDRAM connection examples, refer to “Using SDRAM on AT91SAM7SE Microcontrollers”, application note.
2. For NAND Flash connection examples, refer to “Interfacing NAND Flash with AT91SAM7SE Microcontrollers”, application
note.
3. I/O8 - I/O15 bits used only for 16-bit NAND Flash.
4. Not directly connected to the CompactFlash slot. Permits the control of the bidirectional buffer between the EBI data bus and
the CompactFlash slot.
5. NWR1 enables upper byte writes. NWR0 enables lower byte writes.
6. Any free PIO line.
7. CE connection depends on the NAND Flash.
For standard NAND Flash devices, it must be connected to any free PIO line.
For “CE don’t care” 8-bit NAND Flash devices, it can be either connected to NCS3/NANDCS or to any free PIO line.
For “CE don’t care” 16-bit NAND Flash devices, it must be connected to any free PIO line.
15
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
5. AT91SAM Boot Program Hardware Constraints
See AT91SAM Boot Program section of the AT91SAM7SE datasheet for more details on the
boot program.
5.1
SAM-BA Boot
The SAM-BA™ Boot Assistant supports serial communication via the DBGU or the USB Device
Port:
• DBGU Hardware Requirements: 3 to 20 MHz crystal or 1 to 50 MHz external clock.
• USB Device Hardware Requirements: 18.432 MHz crystal.
16
Application Note
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
Application Note
Revision History
Change Request
Ref.
Doc. Rev
Comments
6261A
First issue
6261B
Precision added to the pin descriptions of “TD0” and “NRST” on page 11.
Added “External Bus Interface (EBI) Hardware Interface” on page 14.
3511
6261C
Table 4-1, “EBI Pins and External Static Devices Connections,” on page 14, I/O[8:15] bits
added in NAND Flash column.
Note added to table: I/O8 - I/O15 bits used only for 16-bit NAND Flash.
3743
Section 3. ”Schematic Check List” Precisions added to schematics of power supply
strategies. Note added for use in harsh environments. Precisions added to ADC and USB
descriptions.
Table 4-1, “EBI Pins and External Static Devices Connections,” on page 14
added notes to table for SDRAM, NAND FLash and references to pertinent app notes,
3859
“Clock, Oscillator and PLL” on page 9, schematic updated
CL equations updated
approval loop
Updated Recommended Pin Connection for “JTAGSEL”, “ERASE”, “TST”
5073
6261D
6261E
17
6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07
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6261E–ATARM–18-Dec-07