B-13D0091B Introduction of PANDA fibers Contact information for technical matters Fujikura Ltd. Optical Device Sales Engineering Department Tel : +81-43-484-0982 Fax: +81-43-484-2186 http://www.fujikura.co.jp E-mail: [email protected] April 2014 B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 1 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 2 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Polarization modes in ideal SM fiber - Single-mode (SM) fiber have two degenerated orthogonal polarization modes, which have the identical propagation constant: nx=ny, bx=by - Rotational asymmetries such as core ellipse or lateral stress induce birefringence and resolve the degeneracy. Ｙ Ｙ Ｘ Ｘ Ｘ HE 11 mode Ｙ HE 11 n x, βx 3 mode n y , βy Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Polarization in ideal SM fiber - An ideal SM fiber with perfect rotational symmetry is able to maintain any state of polarization. - If any stress is induced on the fiber or a fiber has an non-circular core... Without external stress 4 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Polarization in actual SM fiber - Stress-induced phase difference causes polarization change. - State of polarization at output is unstable. External stress 5 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B How to maintain polarization A fiber with high internal birefringence is able to maintain linear polarization against external perturbations since its birefringent axis rotation is small. Polarization crosstalk Birefringence induced by Intrinsic birefringence << external stress 6 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Structure of PANDA fiber Y （fast axis） Boron-doped SAP (Stress applying parts) has higher thermal coefficient of expansion than the cladding (SiO2). Core (GeO2+SiO2) Cladding (SiO2) X（slow axis） The SAP shrinks more than the cladding during cooling process of fiber drawing process. Stress applying parts (B2O3+SiO2) Tensile stress between SAPs applied to the core induces large birefringence. Refractive index profile along x- direction 7 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Production process of Fujikura PANDA Manufacturing VAD preform Drilling, lapping and polishing Assembling Drawing Manufacturing SAPs Shipment Final inspection Rewinding to shipping spool 8 Intermediate inspection Proof test Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Inspection items and methods on PANDA fiber Application Method or technique Reference Fiber diameter O/I/F Gray scale ITU-T G.650 Core offset I/F Gray scale ITU-T G.650 Coating diameter O/I Microscope --- Mode field diameter I Far-field pattern / Variable aperture ITU-T G.650 Cutoff wavelength I Bend reference ITU-T G.650 Attenuation I OTDR / Spectral loss (cutback) ITU-T G.650 Group beat length I JME / Wavelength scan ITU-T G.650 Crosstalk F Direct FOTP-193 O: Process measurement I : Intermediate inspection F: Final inspection 9 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Beat length - Beat length Lb is the length which phase difference between X and Y polarization modes equals 2π along a PM fiber. - Relation between beat length(Lb), birefringence(B), and wavelength(λ) is expressed by the following equation: Lb = λ B 10 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Measurement of polarization crosstalk Fujikura measures the extinction ratio of output light while linearly polarized input light is launched into fiber. Compensator or depolarizer Analyzer Light Source Power meter Fiber under test Polarizer Polarization crosstalk Py Px X-Pol. CT=10log Py Px Py Px Y-Pol. Px CT=10log Py Unit: dB 11 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Power coupling coefficient −1 tan (η ) η h= ≈ L L η= Py Px = 10 CT 10 L: Fiber Length Polarization crosstalk (dB) - Polarization crosstalk in linear expression is proportional to fiber length through random mode-coupling. - Power coupling coefficient, h-parameter, is defined as a power coupled to the orthogonal mode in unit length. -15 -30 dB/100 m -25 dB/100 m -20 -25 -30 -35 -40 CT0 = -47 dB -45 -50 1 10 100 Fiber length (m) 12 1000 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Reliability performance Test item 1 2 Observation of Coating Strippability Reference Condition Results Origin, Temperature-humidity aging, Water soak, Hot water soak Passed Origin(45,23,0degC), Temperaturehumidity aging, Water soak, Hot water soak Passed --- Aging(-40,85degC), Temperature cycling Temperature-humidity aging, Hot water soak Passed --- Aging(-40,85degC), Temperature cycling Temperature-humidity aging, Hot water soak Passed --- IEC,GR-20 3 Attenuation 4 Polarization Crosstalk 5 Tensile strength IEC,GR-20 Origin, Aging(-40,85degC),Temperature cycling, Temperature-humidity aging Passed 6 Fatigue value IEC,GR-20 Origin, Temperature-humidity aging Passed 7 Other UL1581 VW-1 For reference, Flame retardant type only Passed 13 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Fiber strength certification by Mitsunaga theory Below failure probability equation is commonly used for telecom networking. m ε sn t s F = 1 − exp − N p L n n − 2 ε p t p Griffith flaw model shows micro defects on the fiber. Flaws are grown to break by external stress to the fiber. If no external stress, then no break. Fiber break is caused by below conditions Frequency of low strength portion : Initial distribution of low strength Growing speed of flaws : Ambient condition such as temperature / moisture Stress : Tensile stress, Twisting stress Macro bending stress, Micro bending The equation covers only for tensile stress and macro bending, but not for twisting stress and micro bending to the fiber. Mitsunaga, et al. : “Failure prediction for long length optical fiber based on proof testing”, J.Appl. Phys. 53(7), July 1982 14 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B PANDA fiber failure probabilities after 2% proof test Failure probability calculation by Mitsunaga theory Bending : 10 turns, Tensile strength to the fiber : 50 grams Failure probability during 20 years 1.0E+00 1.0E-01 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 1.0E-04 1.0E-05 1.0E-06 1.0E-07 1.0E-08 1.0E-09 1.0E-10 1.0E-11 1.0E-12 1.0E-13 1.0E-14 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Bending diameter (mm) Radius 15mm failure probability is around 1.0E-08 after 20 years. 15 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 16 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B PANDA fiber lineup (2) Product type: SM: Single Mode fiber SRSM: Small Radius Single Mode fiber (Minimum bending radius 15 mm) BISM : Bend Insensitive Single Mode fiber (Minimum bending radius 7.5 mm) DS: Dispersion Shifted single mode fiber ED: Erbium Doped single mode fiber SC: Pure Silica Core single mode fiber HA: High NA single mode fiber RC (1) (1) Cladding diameter: Blank: 125 µm RC : 80 µm SM 15 (2) (3) (3) Operating wavelength: 15: 1550 nm 14: 1400-1500 nm 13: 1300 nm 98: 980 nm 85: 850 nm 63: 630 nm 53: 530 nm 48: 480 nm 40: 400 nm (5) Coating structure: U: UV/UV coated fiber Y: Polyimide coated fiber H: UV/UV/Polyester-elastomer coated fiber J: UV/UV/Polyester-elastomer/Polyolefin cord PS- U 17 D (-H) (4) (5) (6) (6)Coating diameter: 17: 165 µm 25: 250 µm 40: 400 µm 50: 500 µm 90: 900 µm 20: 2.0 mm (7) (8) (8)Proof level: Blank : 1% -H : 2% (7) UV curable resin type: D: UV/UV resin type D C: UV/UV resin type C (4)Polarization maintaining ability: PS : Standard, PX : Extra, PR : Reduced polarization 17 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Lineup of coating type - UV coating (Coating diameter 250 µm, 400 µm) - UV/Polyester-elastomer coating (Coating diameter 500 µm, 900 µm) Coated by UL94-V-0 compliant flame-resistant polyester-elastomer UL1581-VW1 Equivalent - UV/Polyester-elastomer/Polyolefin coating (Coating diameter 2 mm) Equivalent of IEC60332-3 Category C 18 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Cross section drawing for each coating Primary UV coating Secondary UV coating Outer coating (Polyolefin) Reinforcement (Aramid fibers) UV coating fiber Polyester-elastomer coating UV/Polyester-elastomer coating UV/Polyester-elastomer/Polyolefin coating 19 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 20 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Bend performance of 125 µm cladding PANDA - No significant performance degradation in a bend diameter ≥40 mm of 2% proof test PANDA fibers. - 1% proof should be bent ≥ D60mm due to life time. 21 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for UV/UV PANDA fibers λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc Coating material Coating diameter µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km mm Max. dB/100m µm - µm 0.85 5.5 3.0 1.0 - 2.0 0.65 - 0.80 400±15 6.6 2.5 1.5 - 2.7 0.87 - 0.95 400±15 0.98 1.13 -1.27 400±15 SM85-PS-U40D SM85-PS-U25D SM98-PS-U40D SM98-PS-U25D SM13-PS-U40D SM13-PS-U25D SM14-PS-U40D SM14-PS-U25D 245±15 1.3 9.0 1.0 2.5 - 4.0 1.40 - 1.49 1.0 2.8 - 4.7 1.26 - 1.38 400±15 9.8 10.5 0.5 3.0 - 5.0 1.30 - 1.44 400±15 1.55 SM15-PS-U40D SM15-PS-U25D 245±15 22 -30 UV/UV 245±15 245±15 245±15 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for 900 µm PANDA fibers Coating material λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km mm Max. dB/100m µm SM85-PS-H90D 0.85 5.5 3.0 1.0 - 2.0 0.65 - 0.80 UV/Polyesterelastomer(Black) SM98-PS-H90D 0.98 6.6 2.5 1.5 - 2.7 0.87 - 0.95 UV/Polyesterelastomer(Green) SM13-PS-H90D 1.3 9.0 1.0 2.5 - 4.0 SM14-PS-H90D 1.40 -1.49 9.8 1.0 SM15-PS-H90D 1.55 10.5 0.5 µm 1.13 - 1.27 UV/Polyesterelastomer(Black) 2.8 - 4.7 1.26 - 1.38 UV/Polyesterelastomer(Black) 3.0 - 5.0 1.30 - 1.44 UV/Polyesterelastomer(Black) -30 23 Coating diameter 900 ± 100 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications of 2mm PANDA fibers SM85-PS-J20D SM98-PS-J20D λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km Max. mm Max. dB/100m µm 0.85 0.98 6.5 6.0 3.0 2.5 1.0 - 2.0 1.5 - 2.7 1.3 9.0 1.0 0.65 - 0.77 0.87 - 0.95 UV/ Polyesterelastomer(Green)/ Polyolefin(Gray) 2.5 - 4.0 1.13 - 1.27 SM14-PS-J20D 1.40 -1.49 9.8 1.0 2.8 - 4.7 1.26 - 1.38 SM15-PS-J20D 1.55 10.5 0.5 3.0 - 5.0 1.30 - 1.44 24 Coating diameter mm UV/ Polyesterelastomer(Black)/ Polyolefin(Gray) -30 SM13-PS-J20D Coating material 2.0 ± 0.2 UV/ Polyesterelastomer(Black)/ Polyolefin(Gray) Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 25 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B PANDA fiber lineup for small bending diameter SR15 type PANDA fibers - SR15 series SM fibers have been widely released and spread as standard telecommunication cable. - Fujikura has SR15 type PANDA fibers. - Widely spread 125 µm parts and accessories are usable. - Splice properties to SR15 series are very good. 26 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B SRSM15-PX-H bending properties 27 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications of SRSM15 type Items Unit Specification MFD at 1550 nm µm 9.5 +/- 0.4 Attenuation at 1550 nm dB/km Less than 0.50 Bending loss (Bending diameter = 30 mm, 10 turns at 1550 nm） dB Less than 0.50 Fiber cutoff wavelength nm Less than 1440 Beat length at 1550 nm mm 2.0 - 5.0 Polarization crosstalk at 1550 nm dB/100m Less than -30 Bending Polarization crosstalk at 1550 nm dB Less than -30 Bending diameter = 30 mm, 10 turns Coating diameter SRSM15-PX-U40D-H SRSM15-PX-H90D-H - 400 µm UV/UV 900 µm UV/Polyester-elastomer Proof level % More than 2 28 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B New! Specifications of 500 µm coating SR15 type PANDA fibers Items Unit Specification MFD at 1550 nm µm 9.5 +/- 0.4 Attenuation at 1550 nm dB/km Less than 0.50 Bending loss (Bending diameter = 30 mm, 10 turns at 1550 nm) dB Less than 0.50 Fiber cutoff wavelength nm Less than 1440 Beat length at 1550 nm mm 2.0 - 5.0 Polarization crosstalk at 1550 nm dB/100m Less than -25 dB Less than -25 (Bending diameter = 30 mm, 10 turns at 1550 nm) Coating diameter SRSM15-PX-H50D-H - 500 µm UV/Polyester-elastomer Proof level % More than 2 Bending Polarization crosstalk at 1550 nm 29 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 30 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B New ! Ultra bend insensitive type (BISM) In response to the request of our customers who use PANDA fibers in condition of the further small bend radius , Fujikura has released BISM15-PX-U25D-H and H50D-H with allowable smallest bend radius . 31 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B New ! Bend performance of BISM type トレンチ型 構造 32 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B New ! Specification of BISM type Wavelength : 1550 nm Item Unit MFD Specification BISM15 SRSM15 µm 9.0 +/- 0.4 9.5 +/- 0.4 dB/km ≦3.0 ≦0.50 Bending loss dB ≦1.0 Bending diameter =15 mm, 10 turns ≦0.50 Bending diameter ＝30 mm, 10 turns Cutoff wavelength nm ≦1440 ≦1440 Beat length mm ≦ 3.0 2.0 - 5.0 dB/100m ≦-30 ≦-25 (500 µm type), ≦-30 (Other types) dB ≦-30, Bending diameter =15 mm, 10 turns ≦-30 Bending diameter ＝30 mm, 10 turns Coating - 250 µm UV 500 µm polyester-elastomer 250 µm, 400 µm UV, 500 µm, 900 µm polyesterelastomer Proof level % ≧2 ≧2 Attenuation Polarization cross-talk Bending Polarization cross-talk 33 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 34 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Low birefringence PANDA fiber Suitable for manufacturing of optical fiber couplers – High controllability of cladding mode suppression and lowering excess loss at the manufacturing of fusion type couplers – SAPs (Stress applying parts) interval is widely located – Lower birefringence than standard PANDA fibers 35 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for low birefringence PANDA fibers λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc Coating material Coating diameter µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km mm Max. dB/100m µm - µm SM63-PR-U25D-H 0.63 4.5 12 1.5 - 3.5 0.50 -0.62 SM98-PR-U25D-H 0.98 6.6 3.0 2.8 - 4.9 0.80 -0.95 SM13-PR-U25D-H 1.3 9.0 1.0 3.8 - 5.6 UV/UV 245 +/-15 SM14-PR-U25D-H 1.40 -1.49 9.8 1.0 4.1 - 7.3 1.26 -1.38 SM15-PR-U25D-H 1.55 10.5 0.5 4.4 - 7.8 1.30 -1.44 36 -25 1.11 -1.27 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for Dispersion Shifted PANDA fibers Spec. of chromatic dispersion ：less than +/- 3 ps/nm/km @ 1550 nm λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc µm +/-1.0 µm Max. dB/km mm Max. dB/100m Max. µm DS15-PS-U40A DS15-PS-N90A -30 1.55 8.0 0.5 3.0 - 5.0 Coating material µm UV/UV 1.53 37 400 ± 15 UV/ Polyamide(Blue) 900 ± 100 UV/ Polyamide(Blue)/ Polyolefin(Gray) 2000 ± 200 -25 DS15-PS-G20A Coating diameter Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 38 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B PANDA fibers for visible wavelength - Suitable for the polarized mode transmission from various polarization sources - Wide choice of PANDA fibers correspond to the wavelength of the source of light for various spectra 39 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Typical wavelength characteristics of 0.48, 0.63 µm PANDA Typical Spectral Attenuation of SM48-P Typical Spectral Attenuation of SM63-P 30 10 8 20 Loss(dB/km) Loss(dB/km) 25 15 10 4 2 5 0 450 6 500 550 600 0 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 Wavelength (nm) Wavelength(nm) 40 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for PANDA fibers for visible wavelength λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km Max. mm Max. dB/100m µm SM63-PS-J20D SM63-PS-H90D 0.63 4.5 0.52 - 0.62 12 SM63-PS-U40D 2.0 -30 SM53-PS-J20D SM53-PS-H90D 0.53 4.2 0.45 - 0.53 15 SM53-PS-U40D 41 Coating material Coating diameter µm UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) /Polyolefin(Gray) 2.0 ±0.2 (mm) UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) 900 ±100 UV/UV 400 ±15 UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) /Polyolefin(Gray) 2.0 ±0.2 (mm) UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) 900 ±100 UV/UV 400 ±15 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 42 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Pure silica core PANDA fibers Standard Ge-doped silica core fibers may occur damage and color center in the core by high energy density of the visible light. Pure silica core PANDA fibers are suitable for visible light transmission with the high energy because the fibers have few impurities and defects. Core (SiO2) Core (Ge-doped SiO2) Cross section A B Cladding (SiO2) A Inner cladding (F-doped SiO2) Refractive index profile A Outer cladding B (SiO2) B A Standard type B Pure silica core type 43 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for pure silica core type (UV) Release of SC53-PS-U40D for operating wavelength of 530 nm SC53-PSU40D λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc Coating material Coating diameter µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km Max. mm Max. dB/100m µm - µm 0.53 5.2 ±0.5 20 0.52以下 400 ±15 SC48-PS-U40D 2.0 0.48 SC48-PS-U25D 4.0 ±0.5 0.40 ~ 0.47 30 UV/UV -30 SC40-PS-U40D 0.41 SC40-PS-U25D 3.5 ±0.5 50 1.7 44 0.33 ~ 0.40 245 ±15 400 ±15 245 ±15 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications for pure silica core type (900 µm, 2mm) B-13D0091B λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc Coating material Coating diameter µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km Max. mm Max. dB/100m µm - mm UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) 900 ±100 UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) /Polyolefin(Gray) 2.0 ±0.2 (mm) UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) 900 +/-100 UV/UV Polyesterelastomer(Black) /Polyolefin(Gray) 2.0 ±0.2 (mm) SC40-PS-H90D 0.41 3.5 50 0.33 - 0.40 1.7 SC40-PS-J20D -30 SC48-PS-H90D 0.48 4.0 30 2.0 SC48-PS-J20D 45 0.40 - 0.47 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B RGB PANDA fiber SC40-PX-U25A-H(RGB) Bending performance with small bending diameter of RGB (visible light region) are improved completely. – SC40 and RGB PANDA bending loss vs. wavelength 46 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for RGB PANDA SC40-PXU25D-H (RGB) Coating material Coating diameter λo MFD Att. Beat length Cross-talk λc µm µm Max. dB/km mm Max. Max. µm µm 0.40 245 ± 15 0.405 0.64 3.8 ± 1.0 at 630 nm 50 2.3 ± 0.6 at 405 nm Max. 2.0 at 630 nm 47 -30 dB /10 turns Bending diameter 60 mm UV/UV Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 48 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B 80 µm cladding diameter type - Superiority in sensitivity to the external environment - Higher durability in use of the small bend radius than a standard type - Space-saving 49 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Features of RC-PANDA fibers (1) 1.Higher birefringence for lateral pressure endurance f r f B = 4C f 1 π ⋅E r r B = 2C(1− Cosθ ⋅ Sinθ) f 1 π⋅ E r θ C:Photo Elastic constant E:Young’s modulus Re-design Stress applying parts 2. Attenuation and MFD non-circularity optimization • B2O3 , OH absorption increase • MFD non-circularity increase To improve above, reduce slightly MFD. 50 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Features of RC-PANDA fibers (2) 3. Smaller bending radius tolerance •For good bending property, Bending loss Bending crosstalk should be small both. R r 1 r2 B= C 2 2 R Higher aperture is redesigned to achieve the bending property 4. Splice loss optimizing Telecom component ⇒ Need low splice loss with different major fiber splices Requirement: Splice loss < 0.1dB MFD differences with other fibers are designed to be small. 51 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Attenuation and Crosstalk in 4m length bending 980nm RC-PANDA 1550nm RC-PANDA -40 0.8 -40 0.8 0.7 : Fast axis -30 0.4 :Slow axis 0.3 0.2 -25 Crosstalk [dB/4m] 0.5 -35 0.6 0.5 : Fast axis -30 0.4 : Slow axis 0.3 -25 0.2 0.1 0.1 -20 0.0 -20 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Bending Loss [dB/m] 0.6 -35 Bending Loss [dB/m] Crosstalk [dB/4m] 0.7 0.0 15 50 Bending Diameter [mm] 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Bending Diameter [mm] Y: Fast axis X: Slow axis 52 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for 80µm cladding λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc Coating material Coating diameter µm +/-0.5 µm Max. dB/km mm Max. dB/100m µm - µm RCHA85-PS-U17C 0.85 3.5 3.5 Max. 2.0 -30 0.65 - 0.80 RCSM98-PS-U17C 0.98 6.0 2.5 1.4 - 2.6 0.87 - 0.95 RCSM13-PS-U17C 1.3 8.2 2.0 2.0 - 3.5 1.10 - 1.29 UV/UV 165±10 -25 RCSM14-PS-U17C 1.40 -1.49 9.0 2.0 2.3 - 4.2 1.20 - 1.38 RCSM15-PS-U17C 1.55 9.5 2.0 2.5 - 4.5 1.29 - 1.45 53 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Contents Basics of PANDA (Polarization-maintaining AND Absorption-reducing) fibers Lineup of PANDA fibers General information Telecommunication wavelength band Standard type SR15 type New! Bend insensitive type (Min. bending radius=7.5 mm) Low birefringence type Dispersion shifted type Visible wavelength band Standard type Pure silica core type RGB type 80 µm cladding diameter type Polyimide coating type Summary 54 p.17 p.21 p.26 p.31 p.35 p.37 p.39 p.43 p.46 p.49 p.55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Polyimide coating type High heat resistance Suitable for fiber sensing Maintaining excellent crosstalk performance in wide range of temperature between -60 and +300 degC. Crosstalk 300 -10 Temperature 40 -10 280 -12 -12 260 240 -14 20 -14 200 -18 180 160 -20 140 -22 120 100 -24 80 -26 60 -16 0 -18 -20 -22 -20 -24 -26 Temperature (DegreeC) 220 -16 Temperature (DegreeC) Crosstalk (dB/100m) Polyimide coating Crosstalk Temperature Crosstalk (dB/100m) - -40 40 -28 -30 20 -28 0 -30 Time (24hour/div.) -60 Time (24hour/div.) Temperature range +40 to +300 degC Temperature range -60 to +40 degC 55 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Specifications for Polyimide coating type SM98-PS-Y15 SRSM15-PS-Y15 λo MFD Att. Beat length Crosstalk λc Coating material Coating diameter µm µm Max. dB/km mm Max. Max. µm - µm 0.98 6.6 ± 0.5 2.5 1.5 2.7 1.55 9.4 ± 1.0 2.0 0.87 0.95 -25 dB/5m Max. 4.0 Polyimide 145 ± 10 1.44 56 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved. B-13D0091B Fujikura PANDA fiber solutions Fujikura PANDA fiber has the following strong points. - Low transmission loss and excellent crosstalk by superior optical design and production technology - High uniformity of dimensions by process control and the measurement in manufacturing process (Suitable for fusion splice, assembling of connector and manufacturing of optical devices) - High reliability has been confirmed by actual system including the submarine cable transmission system. Fujikura has already released following PANDA . - For sensor (RGB, SC40-P, SC48-P, SM53-P, SM63-P, RCHA85-P, Polyimide type and HA-13) - 80 µm cladding type - SRSM and BISM type - Low birefringence type - Pure silica core type Fujikura is challenging for customer solutions to meet various needs. 57 Copyright Fujikura Ltd. All rights reserved.