Quad, 16-/12-Bit nanoDAC+ with SPI Interface AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM High relative accuracy (INL): ±2 LSB maximum @ 16 bits Tiny package: 3 mm × 3 mm, 16-lead LFCSP Total unadjusted error (TUE): ±0.1% of FSR maximum GND VREF AD5686/AD5684 VLOGIC INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER STRING DAC A SCLK VOUTA BUFFER INTERFACE LOGIC SYNC SDIN SDO INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER STRING DAC B VOUTB BUFFER INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER STRING DAC C VOUTC BUFFER INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER STRING DAC D VOUTD BUFFER LDAC RESET POWER-ON RESET GAIN ×1/×2 RSTSEL GAIN POWERDOWN LOGIC 10797-001 Offset error: ±1.5 mV maximum Gain error: ±0.1% of FSR maximum High drive capability: 20 mA, 0.5 V from supply rails User selectable gain of 1 or 2 (GAIN pin) Reset to zero scale or midscale (RSTSEL pin) 1.8 V logic compatibility 50 MHz SPI with readback or daisy chain Low glitch: 0.5 nV-sec Robust 4 kV HBM and 1.5 kV FICDM ESD rating Low power: 1.8 mW at 3 V 2.7 V to 5.5 V power supply −40°C to +105°C temperature range VDD Figure 1. APPLICATIONS Digital gain and offset adjustment Programmable attenuators Process control (PLC I/O cards) Industrial automation Data acquisition systems Table 1. Quad nanoDAC+ Devices GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD5686/AD5684, members of the nanoDAC+™ family, are low power, quad, 16-/12-bit buffered voltage output DACs. The devices include a gain select pin giving a full-scale output of 2.5 V (gain = 1) or 5 V (gain = 2). All devices operate from a single 2.7 V to 5.5 V supply, are guaranteed monotonic by design, and exhibit less than 0.1% FSR gain error and 1.5 mV offset error performance. The devices are available in a 3 mm × 3 mm LFCSP and a TSSOP package. The AD5686/AD5684 also incorporate a power-on reset circuit and a RSTSEL pin that ensures that the DAC outputs power up to zero scale or midscale and remain at that level until a valid write takes place. Each part contains a per-channel power-down feature that reduces the current consumption of the device to 4 µA at 3 V while in power-down mode. The AD5686/AD5684 employ a versatile SPI interface that operates at clock rates up to 50 MHz, and all devices contain a VLOGIC pin intended for 1.8 V/3 V/5 V logic. Rev. B Interface SPI SPI I2 C I2 C Reference Internal External Internal External 16-Bit AD5686R AD5686 AD5696R AD5696 14-Bit AD5685R AD5695R 12-Bit AD5684R AD5684 AD5694R AD5694 PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 1. 2. 3. High Relative Accuracy (INL). AD5686 (16-bit): ±2 LSB maximum AD5684 (12-bit): ±1 LSB maximum Excellent DC Performance. Total unadjusted error: ±0.1% of FSR maximum Offset error: ±1.5 mV maximum Gain error: ±0.1% of FSR maximum Two Package Options. 3 mm × 3 mm, 16-lead LFCSP 16-lead TSSOP Document Feedback Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 ©2012–2015 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Technical Support www.analog.com AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Serial Interface ............................................................................ 19 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Standalone Operation ................................................................ 20 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Write and Update Commands .................................................. 20 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Daisy-Chain Operation ............................................................. 20 Product Highlights ........................................................................... 1 Readback Operation .................................................................. 21 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Power-Down Operation ............................................................ 21 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Load DAC (Hardware LDAC Pin) ........................................... 22 AC Characteristics ........................................................................ 5 LDAC Mask Register ................................................................. 22 Timing Characteristics ................................................................ 6 Hardware Reset (RESET) .......................................................... 23 Daisy-Chain and Readback Timing Characteristics................ 7 Reset Select Pin (RSTSEL) ........................................................ 23 Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................ 9 Applications Information .............................................................. 24 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 9 Microprocessor Interfacing ....................................................... 24 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ......................... 10 AD5686/AD5684 to ADSP-BF531 Interface .......................... 24 Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 11 AD5686/AD5684 to SPORT Interface .................................... 24 Terminology .................................................................................... 16 Layout Guidelines....................................................................... 24 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 18 Galvanically Isolated Interface ................................................. 25 Digital-to-Analog Converter .................................................... 18 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 26 Transfer Function ....................................................................... 18 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 27 DAC Architecture ....................................................................... 18 REVISION HISTORY 3/15—Rev. A to Rev. B Changes to Table 4 and Figure 2 ..................................................... 6 Inserted Note 2 to Ordering Guide .............................................. 27 6/13—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changes to Pin GAIN and Pin RSTSEL Descriptions; Table 7 .. 10 7/12—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. B | Page 2 of 28 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V; VREF = 2.5 V; 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V; all specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. RL = 2 kΩ; CL = 200 pF. Table 2. Parameter STATIC PERFORMANCE2 AD5686 Resolution Relative Accuracy Min A Grade1 Typ Max 16 Min B Grade1 Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments ±1 ±1 ±2 ±3 ±1 Bits LSB LSB LSB Gain = 2 Gain = 1 Guaranteed monotonic by design ±0.12 16 ±2 ±2 ±8 ±8 ±1 ±0.12 0.4 +0.1 +0.01 ±2 ±1 4 ±4 ±0.2 0.4 +0.1 +0.01 ±1 ±1 1.5 ±1.5 ±0.1 Gain Error ±0.02 ±0.2 ±0.02 ±0.1 Total Unadjusted Error ±0.01 ±0.25 ±0.01 ±0.1 Differential Nonlinearity AD5684 Resolution Relative Accuracy Differential Nonlinearity Zero-Code Error Offset Error Full-Scale Error 12 12 ±1 ±1 Bits LSB LSB mV mV % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR μV/°C ±1 ±1 ppm Of FSR/°C 0.15 0.15 mV/V DAC code = midscale; VDD = 5 V ± 10% ±2 ±2 μV ±3 ±2 ±3 ±2 μV/mA μV Due to single channel, full-scale output change Due to load current change Due to powering down (per channel) ±0.25 Offset Error Drift3 Gain Temperature Coefficient3 DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio3 DC Crosstalk3 OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS3 Output Voltage Range 0 0 Capacitive Load Stability Resistive Load4 Load Regulation 80 80 V V nF nF kΩ μV/mA VREF 2 × VREF 80 80 μV/mA 40 25 2.5 40 25 2.5 mA Ω μs 90 180 90 180 μA μA V V kΩ kΩ 2 10 1 REFERENCE INPUT Reference Current Reference Input Impedance 0 0 2 10 Short-Circuit Current5 Load Impedance at Rails6 Power-Up Time Reference Input Range VREF 2 × VREF ±0.2 1 1 1 VDD VDD/2 16 32 1 1 VDD VDD/2 16 32 Rev. B | Page 3 of 28 Guaranteed monotonic by design All 0s loaded to DAC register All 1s loaded to DAC register Gain = 2 Gain = 1 Gain = 1 Gain = 2, see Figure 23 RL = ∞ RL = 1 kΩ 5 V ± 10%, DAC code = midscale; −30 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ +30 mA 3 V ± 10%, DAC code = midscale; −20 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ +20 mA See Figure 23 Coming out of power-down mode; VDD = 5 V VREF = VDD = VLOGIC = 5.5 V, gain = 1 VREF = VDD = VLOGIC = 5.5 V, gain = 2 Gain = 1 Gain = 2 Gain = 2 Gain = 1 AD5686/AD5684 Parameter Data Sheet Min A Grade1 Typ Max Min B Grade1 Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments ±2 0.3 × VLOGIC µA V V pF Per pin 0.4 V V pF ISINK = 200 μA ISOURCE = 200 μA 5.5 3 5.5 5.5 V µA V V 0.7 4 6 mA µA µA 3 LOGIC INPUTS Input Current Input Low Voltage (VINL) Input High Voltage (VINH) Pin Capacitance LOGIC OUTPUTS (SDO)3 Output Low Voltage, VOL Output High Voltage, VOH Floating State Output Capacitance POWER REQUIREMENTS VLOGIC ILOGIC VDD ±2 0.3 × VLOGIC 0.7 × VLOGIC 0.7 × VLOGIC 2 2 0.4 VLOGIC − 0.4 VLOGIC − 0.4 4 1.8 4 5.5 3 5.5 5.5 2.7 VREF + 1.5 1.8 2.7 VREF + 1.5 IDD Normal Mode7 All Power-Down Modes8 0.59 1 0.7 4 6 0.59 1 Gain = 1 Gain = 2 VIH = VDD, VIL = GND, VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +105°C Temperature range, A and B grade: −40°C to +105°C. DC specifications tested with the outputs unloaded, unless otherwise noted. Upper dead band = 10 mV and exists only when VREF = VDD with gain = 1 or when VREF/2 = VDD with gain = 2. Linearity calculated using a reduced code range of 256 to 65,280 (AD5686) or 12 to 4080 (AD5684). 3 Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested. 4 Channel A and Channel B can have a combined output current of up to 30 mA. Similarly, Channel C and Channel D can have a combined output current of up to 30 mA up to a junction temperature of 110°C. 5 VDD = 5 V. The device includes current limiting that is intended to protect the device during temporary overload conditions. Junction temperature can be exceeded during current limit. Operation above the specified maximum operation junction temperature may impair device reliability. 6 When drawing a load current at either rail, the output voltage headroom with respect to that rail is limited by the 25 Ω typical channel resistance of the output devices. For example, when sinking 1 mA, the minimum output voltage = 25 Ω × 1 mA = 25 mV (see Figure 23). 7 Interface inactive. All DACs active. DAC outputs unloaded. 8 All DACs powered down. 1 2 Rev. B | Page 4 of 28 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 AC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V; VREF = 2.5 V; 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V; RL = 2 kΩ to GND; CL = 200 pF to GND; all specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.1 Table 3. Parameter2 Output Voltage Settling Time AD5686 AD5684 Slew Rate Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse Digital Feedthrough Multiplying Bandwidth Digital Crosstalk Analog Crosstalk DAC-to-DAC Crosstalk Total Harmonic Distortion4 Output Noise Spectral Density Output Noise SNR SFDR SINAD Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments3 5 5 0.8 0.5 0.13 500 0.1 0.2 0.3 −80 100 6 90 83 80 8 7 µs µs V/µs nV-sec nV-sec kHz nV-sec nV-sec nV-sec dB nV/√Hz µV p-p dB dB dB ¼ to ¾ scale settling to ±2 LSB ¼ to ¾ scale settling to ±2 LSB Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested. See the Terminology section. 3 Temperature range is −40°C to +105°C, typical @ 25°C. 4 Digitally generated sine wave @ 1 kHz. 1 2 Rev. B | Page 5 of 28 1 LSB change around major carry At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz DAC code = midscale, 10 kHz; gain = 2 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet TIMING CHARACTERISTICS All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 1 ns/V (10% to 90% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. See Figure 2. VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V; VREF = 2.5 V. All specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Table 4. Parameter1 SCLK Cycle Time SCLK High Time SCLK Low Time SYNC to SCLK Falling Edge Setup Time Data Setup Time Data Hold Time SCLK Falling Edge to SYNC Rising Edge Minimum SYNC High Time SYNC Rising Edge to SYNC Rising Edge (DAC Register Update/s) SYNC Falling Edge to SCLK Fall Ignore LDAC Pulse Width Low SYNC Rising Edge to LDAC Rising Edge SYNC Rising Edge to LDAC Falling Edge LDAC Falling Edge to SYNC Rising Edge Minimum Pulse Width Low Pulse Activation Time Power-Up Time2 2 2.7 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V Min Max 20 10 10 10 5 5 10 20 830 10 15 20 30 800 30 30 4.5 Maximum SCLK frequency is 50 MHz at VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ VDD. Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested. Time to exit power-down to normal mode of AD5686/AD5684 operation, 32nd clock edge to 90% of DAC midscale value, with output unloaded. t10 t1 SCLK t8 t3 t4 t2 t7 t14 SYNC t9 t6 t5 SDIN DB23 DB0 t11 t13 LDAC1 t12 LDAC2 RESET VOUT t15 t16 10797-002 1 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC < 2.7 V Min Max 33 16 16 15 5 5 15 20 870 16 25 50 30 840 30 30 4.5 Symbol t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 t14 t15 t16 1ASYNCHRONOUS LDAC UPDATE MODE. 2SYNCHRONOUS LDAC UPDATE MODE. Figure 2. Serial Write Operation Rev. B | Page 6 of 28 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns μs Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 DAISY-CHAIN AND READBACK TIMING CHARACTERISTICS All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 1 ns/V (10% to 90% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. See Figure 4 and Figure 5. VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V; VREF = 2.5 V. All specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Table 5. 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC < 2.7 V Max 2.7 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V Max Parameter1 SCLK Cycle Time SCLK High Time SCLK Low Time SYNC to SCLK Falling Edge Data Setup Time Data Hold Time SCLK Falling Edge to SYNC Rising Edge Minimum SYNC High Time Minimum SYNC High Time SDO Data Valid from SCLK Rising Edge SCLK Falling Edge to SYNC Rising Edge Symbol t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 Min 66 33 33 33 5 5 15 60 60 15 10 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns SYNC Rising Edge to SCLK Rising Edge t12 15 10 ns 1 Min 40 20 20 20 5 5 10 30 30 36 25 Maximum SCLK frequency is 25 MHz or 15 MHz at VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ VDD. Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested. Circuit and Timing Diagrams 200µA VOH (MIN) CL 20pF 200µA 10797-003 TO OUTPUT PIN IOL IOH Figure 3. Load Circuit for Digital Output (SDO) Timing Specifications SCLK 24 48 t11 t8 t12 t4 SYNC SDIN t6 DB23 DB0 INPUT WORD FOR DAC N DB23 DB0 t10 INPUT WORD FOR DAC N + 1 DB23 SDO UNDEFINED DB0 INPUT WORD FOR DAC N Figure 4. Daisy-Chain Timing Diagram Rev. B | Page 7 of 28 10797-004 t5 AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet t1 SCLK 24 1 t8 t4 t3 24 1 t7 t2 t9 SYNC t6 t5 DB23 DB0 DB23 INPUT WORD SPECIFIES REGISTER TO BE READ SDO DB23 DB0 NOP CONDITION t10 DB0 DB23 UNDEFINED DB0 SELECTED REGISTER DATA CLOCKED OUT Figure 5. Readback Timing Diagram Rev. B | Page 8 of 28 10797-005 SDIN Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 6. Parameter VDD to GND VLOGIC to GND VOUT to GND VREF to GND Digital Input Voltage to GND Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature 16-Lead TSSOP, θJA Thermal Impedance, 0 Airflow (4-Layer Board) 16-Lead LFCSP, θJA Thermal Impedance, 0 Airflow (4-Layer Board) Reflow Soldering Peak Temperature, Pb Free (J-STD-020) ESD HBM1 FICDM 1 Rating −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −0.3 V to VLOGIC + 0.3 V −40°C to +105°C −65°C to +150°C 125°C 112.6°C/W Stresses at or above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the product. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the product at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Operation beyond the maximum operating conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability. ESD CAUTION 70°C/W 260°C 4 kV 1.5 kV Human body model (HBM) classification. Rev. B | Page 9 of 28 AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS 13 RESET 14 RSTSEL 16 VOUTB 15 VREF AD5686/AD5684 VOUTA 1 11 SYNC VDD 3 10 SCLK 9 VLOGIC 16 RSTSEL 15 RESET 14 SDIN 13 SYNC 12 SCLK VOUTC 6 11 VLOGIC VOUTD 7 10 GAIN SDO 8 9 LDAC VOUTA 3 AD5686/ AD5684 GND 4 GAIN 8 LDAC 7 SDO 6 VOUTD 5 VOUTC 4 VREF 1 VOUTB 2 VDD 5 NOTES 1. THE EXPOSED PAD MUST BE TIED TO GND. 10797-006 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) Figure 6. 16-Lead LFCSP Pin Configuration TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 10797-007 12 SDIN GND 2 Figure 7. 16-Lead TSSOP Pin Configuration Table 7. Pin Function Descriptions LFCSP 1 2 3 Pin No. TSSOP 3 4 5 Mnemonic VOUTA GND VDD 4 5 6 6 7 8 VOUTC VOUTD SDO 7 9 LDAC 8 10 GAIN 9 10 11 12 VLOGIC SCLK 11 13 SYNC 12 14 SDIN 13 15 RESET 14 16 RSTSEL 15 16 17 1 2 N/A VREF VOUTB EPAD Description Analog Output Voltage from DAC A. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Ground Reference Point for All Circuitry on the Part. Power Supply Input. These parts can be operated from 2.7 V to 5.5 V, and the supply should be decoupled with a 10 μF capacitor in parallel with a 0.1 μF capacitor to GND. Analog Output Voltage from DAC C. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Analog Output Voltage from DAC D. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Serial Data Output. Can be used to daisy-chain a number of AD5686/AD5684 devices together or can be used for readback. The serial data is transferred on the rising edge of SCLK and is valid on the falling edge of the clock. LDAC can be operated in two modes, asynchronously and synchronously. Pulsing this pin low allows any or all DAC registers to be updated if the input registers have new data. This allows all DAC outputs to be simultaneously updated. This pin can also be tied permanently low. Span Set Pin. When this pin is tied to GND, all four DAC outputs have a span from 0 V to VREF. When this pin is tied to VLOGIC, all four DAC outputs have a span from 0 V to 2 × VREF. Digital Power Supply. Voltage ranges from 1.8 V to 5.5 V. Serial Clock Input. Data is clocked into the input shift register on the falling edge of the serial clock input. Data can be transferred at rates of up to 50 MHz. Active Low Control Input. This is the frame synchronization signal for the input data. When SYNC goes low, data is transferred in on the falling edges of the next 24 clocks. Serial Data Input. These devices have a 24-bit input shift register. Data is clocked into the register on the falling edge of the serial clock input. Asynchronous Reset Input. The RESET input is falling edge sensitive. When RESET is low, all LDAC pulses are ignored. When RESET is activated, the input register and the DAC register are updated with zero scale or midscale, depending on the state of the RSTSEL pin. Power-On Reset Pin. Tying this pin to GND powers up all four DACs to zero scale. Tying this pin to VLOGIC powers up all four DACs to midscale. Reference Input Voltage. Analog Output Voltage from DAC B. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Exposed Pad. The exposed pad must be tied to GND. Rev. B | Page 10 of 28 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 1.0 8 0.8 6 0.6 4 0.4 2 0.2 DNL (LSB) 0 –2 –4 0 –0.2 –0.4 –6 –0.6 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 CODE –1.0 0 625 1250 6 6 4 4 ERROR (LSB) 8 2 0 –2 2 DNL –4 –6 –8 3125 3750 4096 CODE 60 110 Figure 12. INL Error and DNL Error vs. Temperature 0.8 8 0.6 6 0.4 4 ERROR (LSB) 10 0.2 0 –0.2 2 DNL –2 –4 –0.6 –6 V = 5V –0.8 DD TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –1.0 0 10000 20000 –8 50000 60000 INL 0 –0.4 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 10797-121 DNL (LSB) 10 TEMPERATURE (°C) 1.0 CODE VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 –40 Figure 9. AD5684 INL 40000 INL –2 –6 30000 3750 4096 0 –4 10797-120 INL (LSB) 10 8 2500 3125 Figure 11. AD5684 DNL 10 1875 2500 CODE Figure 8. AD5686 INL V = 5V –8 DD TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 625 1250 0 1875 10797-124 0 10797-118 –10 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.8 10797-123 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –8 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 VREF (V) Figure 10. AD5686 DNL Figure 13. INL Error and DNL Error vs. VREF Rev. B | Page 11 of 28 4.5 5.0 10797-125 INL (LSB) 10 Data Sheet 10 0.10 8 0.08 6 0.06 4 0.04 ERROR (% of FSR) 2 INL 0 DNL –2 –4 –6 0.02 GAIN ERROR 0 FULL-SCALE ERROR –0.02 –0.04 –0.06 4.2 4.7 VDD = 5V –0.08 T = 25°C A REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 2.7 3.2 3.7 10797-126 VDD = 5V –8 TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 2.7 3.2 3.7 5.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 4.2 4.7 10797-129 ERROR (LSB) AD5686/AD5684 5.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 14. INL Error and DNL Error vs. Supply Voltage Figure 17. Gain Error and Full-Scale Error vs. Supply Voltage 1.5 0.10 0.08 1.0 0.04 0.5 ERROR (mV) FULL-SCALE ERROR 0.02 0 GAIN ERROR –0.02 ZERO-CODE ERROR 0 OFFSET ERROR –0.5 –0.04 –0.06 –1.0 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –1.5 2.7 10797-127 VDD = 5V –0.08 T = 25°C A REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 –40 –20 0 20 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 10797-130 ERROR (% of FSR) 0.06 5.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 15. Gain Error and Full-Scale Error vs. Temperature Figure 18. Zero-Code Error and Offset Error vs. Supply Voltage 0.10 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 ZERO-CODE ERROR 0.2 OFFSET ERROR 0 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 10797-128 ERROR (mV) 1.0 Figure 16. Zero-Code Error and Offset Error vs. Temperature VDD = 5V 0.09 TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 19. TUE vs. Temperature Rev. B | Page 12 of 28 100 120 10797-131 TOTAL UNADJUSTED ERROR (% of FSR) VDD = 5V 1.4 T = 25°C A REFERENCE = 2.5V AD5686/AD5684 0.10 1.0 0.08 0.8 0.06 0.6 0.04 0.4 0.02 0.2 0 –0.02 –0.2 –0.04 –0.4 –0.06 –0.6 V = 5V –0.08 T DD= 25°C A REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 2.7 3.2 3.7 SOURCING 5V SOURCING 2.7V –0.8 4.2 4.7 5.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) –1.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 LOAD CURRENT (mA) Figure 23. Headroom/Footroom vs. Load Current Figure 20. TUE vs. Supply Voltage, Gain = 1 0 7 VDD = 5V 6 TA = 25°C GAIN = 2 REFERENCE = 2.5V 5 –0.01 –0.02 0xFFFF –0.03 4 0xC000 VOUT (V) –0.04 –0.05 –0.06 3 0x4000 1 –0.08 0 40000 50000 60000 65535 –2 –0.06 –0.04 –0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 LOAD CURRENT (A) Figure 21. TUE vs. Code 10797-138 30000 CODE 25 0x0000 –1 10797-133 VDD = 5V –0.09 T = 25°C A REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 0 10000 20000 0x8000 2 –0.07 Figure 24. Source and Sink Capability at 5 V 5 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V VDD = 3V TA = 25°C 4 REFERENCE = 2.5V GAIN = 1 20 0xFFFF 3 0xC000 VOUT (V) 15 2 0x8000 1 10 0x4000 0 0x0000 5 0 540 560 580 600 IDD (mA) 620 640 Figure 22. IDD Histogram –2 –0.06 –0.04 –0.02 0 0.02 0.04 LOAD CURRENT (A) Figure 25. Source and Sink Capability at 3 V Rev. B | Page 13 of 28 0.06 10797-139 –1 10797-135 HITS TOTAL UNADJUSTED ERROR (% of FSR) SINKING 5V 0 10797-200 ∆VOUT (V) SINKING 2.7V 10797-132 TOTAL UNADJUSTED ERROR (% of FSR) Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet 3 CH A CH B CH C CH D SYNC 1.4 1.2 2 VOUT (V) 1.0 CURRENT (mA) GAIN = 2 0.8 FULL-SCALE 0.6 GAIN = 1 1 0.4 0.2 10 60 0 –5 10797-140 0 –40 110 TEMPERATURE (°C) 5 10 TIME (µs) Figure 26. Supply Current vs. Temperature Figure 29. Exiting Power-Down to Midscale 2.5008 4.0 3.5 0 10797-143 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V DAC A DAC B DAC C DAC D 3.0 2.5003 VOUT (V) VOUT (V) 2.5 2.0 2.4998 1.5 CHANNEL B TA = 25°C VDD = 5.25V REFERENCE = 2.5V CODE = 7FFF TO 8000 ENERGY = 0.227206nV-sec 2.4993 40 80 160 320 TIME (µs) 2.4988 10797-141 VDD = 5V 0.5 TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V ¼ TO ¾ SCALE 0 10 20 0 6 8 10 12 Figure 30. Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse 0.06 0.003 6 CH A CH B CH C CH D VDD CH B CH C CH D 5 0.03 3 0.02 2 0.01 1 0 0 VDD (V) 4 VOUT AC-COUPLED (V) 0.002 0.04 0.001 0 TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.01 –10 –5 0 5 10 TIME (µs) –1 15 –0.002 0 5 10 15 20 TIME (µs) Figure 31. Analog Crosstalk, Channel A Figure 28. Power-On Reset to 0 V Rev. B | Page 14 of 28 25 10797-145 –0.001 10797-142 VOUT (V) 4 TIME (µs) Figure 27. Settling Time, 5 V 0.05 2 10797-144 1.0 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 4.0 T 0nF 0.1nF 10nF 0.22nF 4.7nF 3.9 3.8 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V VOUT (V) 3.7 1 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V 802mV BANDWIDTH (dB) –80 –100 –120 –140 FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 33. Total Harmonic Distortion @ 1 kHz 1.620 1.625 1.630 –20 –30 –40 –50 –160 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V, ±0.1V p-p –60 10k 10797-149 THD (dBV) –60 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 1.615 –10 –40 0 1.610 0 –20 –180 1.605 Figure 34. Settling Time vs. Capacitive Load VDD = 5V TA = 25°C REFERENCE = 2.5V 0 1.600 TIME (ms) Figure 32. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Output Noise Plot 20 1.595 10797-150 A CH1 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1M 10M 10797-151 M1.0s 3.0 1.590 10797-146 CH1 10µV 3.1 Figure 35. Multiplying Bandwidth, Reference = 2.5 V, ±0.1 V p-p, 10 kHz to 10 MHz Rev. B | Page 15 of 28 AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet TERMINOLOGY Relative Accuracy or Integral Nonlinearity (INL) For the DAC, relative accuracy or integral nonlinearity is a measurement of the maximum deviation, in LSBs, from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the DAC transfer function. A typical INL vs. code plot is shown in Figure 8. Output Voltage Settling Time The output voltage setting time is the amount of time it takes for the output of a DAC to settle to a specified level for a ¼ to ¾ full-scale input change and is measured from the rising edge of SYNC. Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Differential nonlinearity is the difference between the measured change and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two adjacent codes. A specified differential nonlinearity of ±1 LSB maximum ensures monotonicity. These DACs are guaranteed monotonic by design. A typical DNL vs. code plot can be seen in Figure 10. Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse Digital-to-analog glitch impulse is the impulse injected into the analog output when the input code in the DAC register changes state. It is normally specified as the area of the glitch in nV-sec, and is measured when the digital input code is changed by 1 LSB at the major carry transition (0x7FFF to 0x8000) (see Figure 30). Zero-Code Error Zero-code error is a measurement of the output error when zero code (0x0000) is loaded to the DAC register. Ideally, the output should be 0 V. The zero-code error is always positive in the AD5686/AD5684 because the output of the DAC cannot go below 0 V due to a combination of the offset errors in the DAC and the output amplifier. Zero-code error is expressed in mV. A plot of zero-code error vs. temperature can be seen in Figure 16. Full-Scale Error Full-scale error is a measurement of the output error when fullscale code (0xFFFF) is loaded to the DAC register. Ideally, the output should be VDD − 1 LSB. Full-scale error is expressed in percent of full-scale range (% of FSR). A plot of full-scale error vs. temperature can be seen in Figure 15. Gain Error Gain error is a measurement of the span error of the DAC. It is the deviation in slope of the DAC transfer characteristic from the ideal expressed as % of FSR. Offset Error Drift Offset error drift is a measurement of the change in offset error with a change in temperature. It is expressed in μV/°C. Gain Temperature Coefficient Gain temperature coefficient is a measurement of the change in gain error with changes in temperature. It is expressed in ppm of FSR/°C. Offset Error Offset error is a measurement of the difference between VOUT (actual) and VOUT (ideal) expressed in mV in the linear region of the transfer function. It can be negative or positive. Digital Feedthrough Digital feedthrough is a measure of the impulse injected into the analog output of the DAC from the digital inputs of the DAC, but is measured when the DAC output is not updated. It is specified in nV-sec and measured with a full-scale code change on the data bus, that is, from all 0s to all 1s and vice versa. Noise Spectral Density Noise spectral density is a measurement of the internally generated random noise. Random noise is characterized as a spectral density (nV/√Hz). It is measured by loading the DAC to midscale and measuring noise at the output. It is measured in nV/√Hz. DC Crosstalk DC crosstalk is the dc change in the output level of one DAC in response to a change in the output of another DAC. It is measured with a full-scale output change on one DAC (or soft power-down and power-up) while monitoring another DAC kept at midscale. It is expressed in μV. DC crosstalk due to load current change is a measurement of the impact that a change in load current on one DAC has to another DAC kept at midscale. It is expressed in μV/mA. Digital Crosstalk Digital crosstalk is the glitch impulse transferred to the output of one DAC at midscale in response to a full-scale code change (all 0s to all 1s and vice versa) in the input register of another DAC. It is measured in standalone mode and is expressed in nV-sec. DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) DC PSRR indicates how the output of the DAC is affected by changes in the supply voltage. PSRR is the ratio of the change in VOUT to a change in VDD for full-scale output of the DAC. It is measured in mV/V. VREF is held at 2.5 V, and VDD is varied by ±10%. Rev. B | Page 16 of 28 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 Analog Crosstalk Analog crosstalk is the glitch impulse transferred to the output of one DAC due to a change in the output of another DAC. It is measured by loading one of the input registers with a full-scale code change (all 0s to all 1s and vice versa). Then execute a software LDAC and monitor the output of the DAC whose digital code was not changed. The area of the glitch is expressed in nV-sec. DAC-to-DAC Crosstalk DAC-to-DAC crosstalk is the glitch impulse transferred to the output of one DAC in response to a digital code change and subsequent analog output change of another DAC. It is measured by loading the attack channel with a full-scale code change (all 0s to all 1s and vice versa) using the write to and update commands while monitoring the output of another channel that is at midscale. The energy of the glitch is expressed in nV-sec. Multiplying Bandwidth The amplifiers within the DAC have a finite bandwidth. The multiplying bandwidth is a measure of this. A sine wave on the reference (with full-scale code loaded to the DAC) appears on the output. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) THD is the difference between an ideal sine wave and its attenuated version using the DAC. The sine wave is used as the reference for the DAC, and the THD is a measurement of the harmonics present on the DAC output. It is measured in dB. Rev. B | Page 17 of 28 AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet THEORY OF OPERATION DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER The AD5686/AD5684 are quad, 16-/12-bit, serial input, voltage output DACs. The parts operate from supply voltages of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Data is written to the AD5686/AD5684 in a 24-bit word format via a 3-wire serial interface. The AD5686/AD5684 incorporate a power-on reset circuit to ensure that the DAC output powers up to a known output state. The devices also have a software power-down mode that reduces the typical current consumption to typically 4 µA. The resistor string structure is shown in Figure 37. It is a string of resistors, each of Value R. The code loaded to the DAC register determines the node on the string where the voltage is to be tapped off and fed into the output amplifier. The voltage is tapped off by closing one of the switches connecting the string to the amplifier. Because the DAC is a string of resistors, it is guaranteed monotonic. VREF R TRANSFER FUNCTION Because the input coding to the DAC is straight binary, the ideal output voltage when using an external reference is given by R D VOUT = VREF × Gain N 2 R DAC ARCHITECTURE The DAC architecture consists of a string DAC followed by an output amplifier. Figure 36 shows a block diagram of the DAC architecture. VREF RESISTOR STRING REF (–) GND VOUTX GAIN (GAIN = 1 OR 2) Figure 37. Resistor String Structure Output Amplifiers The output buffer amplifier can generate rail-to-rail voltages on its output, which gives an output range of 0 V to VDD. The actual range depends on the value of VREF, the GAIN pin, offset error, and gain error. The GAIN pin selects the gain of the output. • • 10797-052 DAC REGISTER R If this pin is tied to GND, all four outputs have a gain of 1, and the output range is 0 V to VREF. If this pin is tied to VDD, all four outputs have a gain of 2, and the output range is 0 V to 2 × VREF. These amplifiers are capable of driving a load of 1 kΩ in parallel with 2 nF to GND. The slew rate is 0.8 V/µs with a ¼ to ¾ scale settling time of 5 µs. REF (+) INPUT REGISTER R 10797-053 where: D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code that is loaded to the DAC register as follows: 0 to 4095 for the 12-bit device. 0 to 65,535 for the 16-bit device. N is the DAC resolution. VREF is the value of the external reference. Gain is the gain of the output amplifier and is set to 1 by default. The gain can be set to ×1 or ×2 using the gain select pin. When this pin is tied to GND, all four DAC outputs have a span of 0 V to VREF. When this pin is tied to VDD, all four DAC outputs have a span of 0 V to 2 × VREF. TO OUTPUT AMPLIFIER Figure 36. Single DAC Channel Architecture Block Diagram Rev. B | Page 18 of 28 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 Table 8. Command Bit Definitions SERIAL INTERFACE The AD5686/AD5684 have a 3-wire serial interface (SYNC, SCLK, and SDIN) that is compatible with SPI, QSPI™, and MICROWIRE® interface standards as well as most DSPs. See Figure 2 for a timing diagram of a typical write sequence. The AD5686/AD5684 contain an SDO pin to allow the user to daisychain multiple devices together (see the Daisy-Chain Operation section) or for readback. C3 0 0 Input Shift Register The input shift register of the AD5686/AD5684 is 24 bits wide. Data is loaded MSB first (DB23). The first four bits are the command bits, C3 to C0 (see Table 8), followed by the 4-bit DAC address bits, DAC A, DAC B, DAC C, andDAC D (see Table 9), and finally the bit data-word. For the AD5686, the data-word comprises 16-bit input code(see Figure 38). For the AD5684, the data-word comprises 12-bit input code, followed by zero or four don’t care bits (see Figure 39). These data bits are transferred to the input register on the 24 falling edges of SCLK and are updated on the rising edge of SYNC. Command Bits C2 C1 C0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 … 1 1 1 0 0 0 … 1 1 1 0 0 1 … 1 0 1 0 1 0 … 1 Description No operation Write to Input Register n (dependent on LDAC) Update DAC Register n with contents of Input Register n Write to and update DAC Channel n Power down/power up DAC Hardware LDAC mask register Software reset (power-on reset) Reserved Set up DCEN register (daisy-chain enable) Set up readback register (readback enable) Reserved Reserved Reserved Table 9. Address Bits and Selected DACs Address Bits DAC C DAC B 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 DAC D 0 0 0 1 0 1 Commands can be executed on individual DAC channels, combined DAC channels, or on all DACs, depending on the address bits selected (see Table 9). 1 DAC A 1 0 0 0 1 1 Any combination of DAC channels can be selected using the address bits. DB23 (MSB) C3 C2 Selected DAC Channel1 DAC A DAC B DAC C DAC D DAC A and DAC B All DACs DB0 (LSB) C1 C0 DAC DAC DAC DAC D C B A D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 COMMAND BITS 10797-054 DATA BITS ADDRESS BITS Figure 38. AD5686 Input Shift Register Contents DB23 (MSB) C3 C2 DB0 (LSB) C1 C0 DAC DAC DAC DAC D11 D10 D C B A D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 X X X X COMMAND BITS 10797-056 DATA BITS ADDRESS BITS Figure 39. AD5684 Input Shift Register Contents Rev. B | Page 19 of 28 AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet STANDALONE OPERATION The write sequence begins by bringing the SYNC line low. Data from the SDIN line is clocked into the 24-bit input shift register on the falling edge of SCLK. After the last of 24 data bits is clocked in, SYNC should be brought high. The programmed function is then executed, that is, an LDAC-dependent change in DAC register contents and/or a change in the mode of operation. If SYNC is taken high at a clock before the 24th clock, it is considered a valid frame and invalid data may be loaded to the DAC. SYNC must be brought high for a minimum of 20 ns (single channel, see t8 in Figure 2) before the next write sequence so that a falling edge of SYNC can initiate the next write sequence. SYNC should be idle at rails between write sequences for even lower power operation of the part. The SYNC line is kept low for 24 falling edges of SCLK, and the DAC is updated on the rising edge of SYNC. AD5686/ AD5684 68HC11* MOSI SDIN SCK SCLK PC7 SYNC PC6 LDAC SDO MISO SDIN AD5686/ AD5684 SCLK SYNC LDAC SDO After data is transferred into the input register of the addressed DAC, all DAC registers and outputs can be updated by taking LDAC low while the SYNC line is high. SDIN AD5686/ AD5684 SCLK WRITE AND UPDATE COMMANDS SYNC Write to Input Register n (Dependent on LDAC) LDAC *ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY. Update DAC Register n with Contents of Input Register n Command 0010 loads the DAC registers/outputs with the contents of the selected input registers and updates the DAC outputs directly. Write to and Update DAC Channel n (Independent of LDAC) Command 0011 allows the user to write to the DAC registers and update the DAC outputs directly. DAISY-CHAIN OPERATION For systems that contain several DACs, the SDO pin can be used to daisy-chain several devices together. This function is enabled through a software executable daisy-chain enable (DCEN) command. Command 1000 is reserved for this DCEN function (see Table 8). The daisy-chain mode is enabled by setting Bit DB0 in the DCEN register. The default setting is standalone mode, where DB0 = 0. Table 10 shows how the state of the bit corresponds to the mode of operation of the device. Table 10. Daisy-Chain Enable (DCEN) Register DB0 0 1 Description Standalone mode (default) DCEN mode 10797-057 SDO Command 0001 allows the user to write to each DAC’s dedicated input register individually. When LDAC is low, the input register is transparent (if not controlled by the LDAC mask register). Figure 40. Daisy-Chaining the AD5686/AD5684 The SCLK pin is continuously applied to the input shift register when SYNC is low. If more than 24 clock pulses are applied, the data ripples out of the input shift register and appears on the SDO line. This data is clocked out on the rising edge of SCLK and is valid on the falling edge. By connecting the SDO line to the SDIN input on the next DAC in the chain, a daisy-chain interface is constructed. Each DAC in the system requires 24 clock pulses. Therefore, the total number of clock cycles must equal 24 × N, where N is the total number of devices that are updated. If SYNC is taken high at a clock that is not a multiple of 24, it is considered a valid frame and invalid data may be loaded to the DAC. When the serial transfer to all devices is complete, SYNC is taken high. This latches the input data in each device in the daisy chain and prevents any further data from being clocked into the input shift register. The serial clock can be continuous or a gated clock. A continuous SCLK source can be used only if SYNC can be held low for the correct number of clock cycles. In gated clock mode, a burst clock containing the exact number of clock cycles must be used, and SYNC must be taken high after the final clock to latch the data. Rev. B | Page 20 of 28 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 READBACK OPERATION Table 11. Modes of Operation Readback mode is invoked through a software executable readback command. If the SDO output is disabled via the daisychain mode disable bit in the control register, it is automatically enabled for the duration of the read operation, after which it is disabled again. Command 1001 is reserved for the readback function. This command, in association with selecting one of the address bits, DAC A to DAC D, selects the register to read. Note that only one DAC register can be selected during readback. The remaining three address bits must be set to Logic 0. The remaining data bits in the write sequence are don’t care bits. If more than one or no bits are selected, DAC Channel A is read back by default. During the next SPI write, the data appearing on the SDO output contains the data from the previously addressed register. Operating Mode Normal Operation Power-Down Modes 1 kΩ to GND 100 kΩ to GND Three-State 0 1 1 1 0 1 When both Bit PDx1 and Bit PDx0 (where x is the channel selected) in the input shift register are set to 0, the parts work normally with their normal power consumption of 0.59 mA at 5 V. However, for the three power-down modes, the supply current falls to 4 μA at 5 V. Not only does the supply current fall, but the output stage is also internally switched from the output of the amplifier to a resistor network of known values. This has the advantage that the output impedance of the part is known while the part is in power-down mode. There are three different power-down options (see Table 11). The output is connected internally to GND through either a 1 kΩ or a 100 kΩ resistor, or it is left open-circuited (three-state). The output stage is illustrated in Figure 41. Write 0x900000 to the AD5686/AD5684 input register. This configures the part for read mode with the DAC register of Channel A selected. Note that all data bits, DB15 to DB0, are don’t care bits. Follow this with a second write, a NOP condition, 0x000000. During this write, the data from the register is clocked out on the SDO line. DB23 to DB20 contain undefined data, and the last 16 bits contain the DB19 to DB4 DAC register contents. AMPLIFIER DAC POWER-DOWN OPERATION The AD5686/AD5684 provide three separate power-down modes (see Table 11). Command 0100 is designated for the powerdown function (see Table 8). These power-down modes are software programmable by setting eight bits, Bit DB7 to Bit DB0, in the input shift register. Two bits are associated with each DAC channel. Table 11 shows how the state of the two bits corresponds to the mode of operation of the device. VOUTX POWER-DOWN CIRCUITRY RESISTOR NETWORK 10797-058 2. PDx0 0 Any or all DACs (DAC A to DAC D) can be powered down to the selected mode by setting the corresponding bits. See Table 12 for the contents of the input shift register during the power-down/power-up operation. For example, to read back the DAC register for Channel A, the following sequence should be implemented: 1. PDx1 0 Figure 41. Output Stage During Power-Down The bias generator, output amplifier, resistor string, and other associated linear circuitry are shut down when the power-down mode is activated. However, the contents of the DAC registers are unaffected when in power-down. The DAC registers can be updated while the device is in power-down mode. The time required to exit power-down is typically 4.5 µs for VDD = 5 V. Table 12. 24-Bit Input Shift Register Contents for Power-Down/Power-Up Operation1 DB23 0 DB22 1 DB21 0 DB20 0 Command bits (C3 to C0) 1 DB19 to DB16 X Address bits (don’t care) DB15 to DB8 X DB7 PDD1 DB6 PDD0 Power-Down Select DAC D X = don’t care. Rev. B | Page 21 of 28 DB5 PDC1 DB4 PDC0 Power-Down Select DAC C DB3 PDB1 DB2 PDB0 Power-Down Select DAC B DB1 PDA1 DB0 (LSB) PDA0 Power-Down Select DAC A AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet LOAD DAC (HARDWARE LDAC PIN) LDAC MASK REGISTER The AD5686/AD5684 DACs have double buffered interfaces consisting of two banks of registers: input registers and DAC registers. The user can write to any combination of the input registers. Updates to the DAC register are controlled by the LDAC pin. Command 0101 is reserved for the software LDAC function. Address bits are ignored. Writing to the DAC using Command 0101 loads the 4-bit LDAC register (DB3 to DB0). The default for each channel is 0; that is, the LDAC pin works normally. Setting the bits to 1 forces this DAC channel to ignore transitions on the LDAC pin, regardless of the state of the hardware LDAC pin. This flexibility is useful in applications where the user wishes to select which channels respond to the LDAC pin. OUTPUT AMPLIFIER VREF LDAC 16-/12-BIT DAC VOUTX The LDAC register gives the user extra flexibility and control over the hardware LDAC pin (see Table 13). Setting the LDAC bits (DB3 to DB0) to 0 for a DAC channel means that this channel’s update is controlled by the hardware LDAC pin. DAC REGISTER INPUT REGISTER Table 13. LDAC Overwrite Definition Load LDAC Register INTERFACE LOGIC SDO LDAC Bits (DB3 to DB0) 0 1 10797-059 SCLK SYNC SDIN Figure 42. Simplified Diagram of Input Loading Circuitry for a Single DAC Instantaneous DAC Updating (LDAC Held Low) LDAC is held low while data is clocked into the input register using Command 0001. Both the addressed input register and the DAC register are updated on the rising edge of SYNC and the output begins to change (see Table 14). 1 LDAC Pin LDAC Operation 1 or 0 X1 Determined by the LDAC pin. DAC channels are updated and override the LDAC pin. DAC channels see LDAC as 1. X = don’t care. Deferred DAC Updating (LDAC Is Pulsed Low) LDAC is held high while data is clocked into the input register using Command 0001. All DAC outputs are asynchronously updated by taking LDAC low after SYNC has been taken high. The update now occurs on the falling edge of LDAC. Table 14. Write Commands and LDAC Pin Truth Table1 Command 0001 Description Write to Input Register n (dependent on LDAC) 0010 Update DAC Register n with contents of Input Register n 0011 Write to and update DAC Channel n Hardware LDAC Pin State VLOGIC GND2 Input Register Contents Data update Data update DAC Register Contents No change (no update) Data update VLOGIC No change Updated with input register contents GND VLOGIC GND No change Data update Data update Updated with input register contents Data update Data update A high to low hardware LDAC pin transition always updates the contents of the DAC register with the contents of the input register on channels that are not masked (blocked) by the LDAC mask register. 2 When LDAC is permanently tied low, the LDAC mask bits are ignored. 1 Rev. B | Page 22 of 28 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 HARDWARE RESET (RESET) RESET SELECT PIN (RSTSEL) RESET is an active low reset that allows the outputs to be cleared to either zero scale or midscale. The clear code value is user selectable via the RESET select pin. It is necessary to keep RESET low for a minimum of 30 ns to complete the operation (see Figure 2). When the RESET signal is returned high, the output remains at the cleared value until a new value is programmed. The outputs cannot be updated with a new value while the RESET pin is low. There is also a software executable reset function that resets the DAC to the poweron reset code. Command 0110 is designated for this software reset function (see Table 8). Any events on LDAC or RESET during power-on reset are ignored. The AD5686/AD5684 contain a power-on reset circuit that controls the output voltage during power-up. By connecting the RSTSEL pin low, the output powers up to zero scale. Note that this is outside the linear region of the DAC. By connecting the RSTSEL pin high, VOUT powers up to midscale. The output remains powered up at this level until a valid write sequence is made to the DAC. Rev. B | Page 23 of 28 AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet APPLICATIONS INFORMATION MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING LAYOUT GUIDELINES Microprocessor interfacing to the AD5686/AD5684 is via a serial bus that uses a standard protocol that is compatible with DSP processors and microcontrollers. The communications channel requires a 3- or 4-wire interface consisting of a clock signal, a data signal, and a synchronization signal. The devices require a 24-bit data-word with data valid on the rising edge of SYNC. In any circuit where accuracy is important, careful consideration of the power supply and ground return layout helps to ensure the rated performance. The PCB on which the AD5686/ AD5684 are mounted should be designed so that the AD5686/ AD5684 lie on the analog plane. AD5686/AD5684 TO ADSP-BF531 INTERFACE The SPI interface of the AD5686/AD5684 is designed to be easily connected to industry-standard DSPs and microcontrollers. Figure 43 shows the AD5686/AD5684 connected to the Analog Devices, Inc., Blackfin® DSP. The Blackfin has an integrated SPI port that can be connected directly to the SPI pins of the AD5686/AD5684. In systems where there are many devices on one board, it is often useful to provide some heat sinking capability to allow the power to dissipate easily. AD5686/ AD5684 ADSP-BF531 PF9 PF8 SYNC SCLK SDIN LDAC RESET 10797-164 SPISELx SCK MOSI The AD5686/AD5684 should have ample supply bypassing of 10 μF in parallel with 0.1 μF on each supply, located as close to the package as possible, ideally right up against the device. The 10 μF capacitors are the tantalum bead type. The 0.1 μF capacitor should have low effective series resistance (ESR) and low effective series inductance (ESI), such as the common ceramic types, which provide a low impedance path to ground at high frequencies to handle transient currents due to internal logic switching. Figure 43. ADSP-BF531 Interface AD5686/AD5684 TO SPORT INTERFACE The Analog Devices ADSP-BF527 has one SPORT serial port. Figure 44 shows how one SPORT interface can be used to control theAD5686/AD5684. The AD5686/AD5684 LFCSP models have an exposed pad beneath the device. Connect this pad to the GND supply for the part. For optimum performance, use special considerations to design the motherboard and to mount the package. For enhanced thermal, electrical, and board level performance, solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the package to the corresponding thermal land pad on the PCB. Design thermal vias into the PCB land pad area to further improve heat dissipation. The GND plane on the device can be increased (as shown in Figure 45) to provide a natural heat sinking effect. AD5686/ AD5684 AD5686/ AD5684 ADSP-BF527 LDAC RESET GND PLANE BOARD Figure 44. SPORT Interface Figure 45. Pad Connection to Board Rev. B | Page 24 of 28 10797-166 GPIO0 GPIO1 SYNC SCLK SDIN 10797-165 SPORT_TFS SPORT_TSCK SPORT_DTO Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 CONTROLLER In many process control applications, it is necessary to provide an isolation barrier between the controller and the unit being controlled to protect and isolate the controlling circuitry from any hazardous common-mode voltages that may occur. iCoupler® products from Analog Devices provide voltage isolation in excess of 2.5 kV. The serial loading structure of the AD5686/AD5684 makes the part ideal for isolated interfaces because the number of interface lines is kept to a minimum. Figure 46 shows a 4-channel isolated interface to the AD5686/ AD5684 using an ADuM1400. For more information, visit http://www.analog.com/icouplers. SERIAL CLOCK IN SERIAL DATA OUT ADuM14001 VOA VIA ENCODE DECODE ENCODE DECODE ENCODE DECODE ENCODE DECODE VOB VIB VOC VIC SYNC OUT LOAD DAC OUT 1 VOD VID ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY. Figure 46. Isolated Interface Rev. B | Page 25 of 28 TO SCLK TO SDIN TO SYNC TO LDAC 10797-167 GALVANICALLY ISOLATED INTERFACE AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.10 3.00 SQ 2.90 0.50 BSC 13 PIN 1 INDICATOR 16 1 12 EXPOSED PAD 1.75 1.60 SQ 1.45 9 TOP VIEW 0.80 0.75 0.70 4 5 8 0.50 0.40 0.30 FOR PROPER CONNECTION OF THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO THE PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET. 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM COPLANARITY 0.08 0.20 REF SEATING PLANE 0.25 MIN BOTTOM VIEW 08-16-2010-E PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.30 0.23 0.18 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-220-WEED-6. Figure 47. 16-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_WQ] 3 mm × 3 mm Body, Very Very Thin Quad (CP-16-22) Dimensions shown in millimeters 5.10 5.00 4.90 16 9 4.50 4.40 4.30 6.40 BSC 1 8 PIN 1 1.20 MAX 0.15 0.05 0.20 0.09 0.65 BSC 0.30 0.19 COPLANARITY 0.10 SEATING PLANE 8° 0° COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-153-AB Figure 48. 16-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP] (RU-16) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. B | Page 26 of 28 0.75 0.60 0.45 Data Sheet AD5686/AD5684 ORDERING GUIDE Model1, 2 AD5686ACPZ-RL7 AD5686BCPZ-RL7 AD5686ARUZ AD5686ARUZ-RL7 AD5686BRUZ AD5686BRUZ-RL7 AD5684BCPZ-RL7 AD5684ARUZ AD5684ARUZ-RL7 AD5684BRUZ AD5684BRUZ-RL7 EVAL-AD5686RSDZ EVAL-AD5684RSDZ 1 2 Resolution 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits Temperature Range −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C Accuracy ±8 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±8 LSB INL ±8 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL Package Description 16-Lead LFCSP_WQ 16-Lead LFCSP_WQ 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead LFCSP_WQ 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Bit Evaluation Board 12-Bit Evaluation Board Package Option CP-16-22 CP-16-22 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 CP-16-22 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 Branding DJH DJJ DJP Z = RoHS Compliant Part. The EVAL-AD5686RSDZ requires the EVAL-SDP-CB1Z support board for operation. The EVAL-AD5684RSDZ requires the EVAL-SDP-CS1Z support board for operation. Rev. B | Page 27 of 28 AD5686/AD5684 Data Sheet NOTES ©2012–2015 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D10797-0-3/15(B) Rev. B | Page 28 of 28