INFINEON TLE4998P3C

Data Sheet, Rev 1.1, September 2009
TLE4998P3C
Programmable Linear Hall Sensor
Sensors
N e v e r
s t o p
t h i n k i n g .
Edition 2009-09
Published by Infineon Technologies AG,
Am Campeon 1-12,
85579 Neubiberg, Germany
© Infineon Technologies AG 2009.
All Rights Reserved.
Attention please!
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characteristics.
Terms of delivery and rights to technical change reserved.
We hereby disclaim any and all warranties, including but not limited to warranties of non-infringement, regarding
circuits, descriptions and charts stated herein.
Information
For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices please contact your nearest
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be endangered.
TLE4998P3C
Revision History:
2009-09
Rev 1.1
Previous Version: Data Sheet Rev 1.0
Page 12
Table 4: Footnote 3) adapted
Page 14
Table 5: Sensitivity drift description adapted
Page 14
Table 5: Footnote 3) adapted
Page 25
Table 16: Footnote 1) and 2) adapted
General
Package nomenclature changed to PG-SSO-3-92
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TLE4998P3C
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Target Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
5
6
6
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transfer Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
7
7
8
9
3
Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4
Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Calculation of the Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Magnetic Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Magnetic Field Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temperature Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Magnetic Field Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offset Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DSP Input Low Pass Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clamping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PWM Output Fequency Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
7.1
7.2
Error Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Voltages Outside the Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
EEPROM Error Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8
8.1
Temperature Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Parameter Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Calibration Data Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programming Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data transfer protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programming of sensors with common supply lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Application Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
11
Package Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Data Sheet
4
16
16
16
17
18
18
19
21
23
27
28
29
29
29
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
Programmable Linear Hall Sensor
1
Overview
1.1
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
TLE4998P3C
PWM open-drain output signal
20-bit Digital Signal Processing
Digital temperature compensation
12-bit overall resolution
Operates within automotive temperature range
Low drift of output signal over temperature and lifetime
Programmable parameters stored in EEPROM with
single bit error correction:
PG-SSO-3-9x
– PWM output frequency
– Magnetic range and magnetic sensitivity (gain),
polarity of the output slope
– Offset
– Bandwidth
– Clamping levels
– Customer temperature compensation coefficients
– Memory lock
Re-programmable until memory lock
Supply voltage 4.5 - 5.5 V (4.1 - 16 V extended range)
Operation between -200 mT and +200 mT within three
ranges
Reverse-polarity and overvoltage protection for all pins
Output short-circuit protection
On-board diagnostics (overvoltage, EEPROM error)
Digital readout of the magnetic field and internal temperature in calibration mode
Programming and operation of multiple sensors with common power supply
Two-point calibration of magnetic transfer function without iteration steps
High immunity against mechanical stress, EMC, ESD
Package with two capacitors: 47nF (VDD to GND) and 4.7nF (OUT to GND)
Type
Marking
Ordering Code
Package
TLE4998P3C
98P3C
SP000481486
PG-SSO-3-92
Data Sheet
5
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Overview
1.2
Target Applications
• Robust replacement of potentiometers
– No mechanical abrasion
– Resistant to humidity, temperature, pollution and vibration
• Linear and angular position sensing in automotive applications such as pedal position,
suspension control, valve or throttle position, headlight levelling, and steering angle
• High-current sensing for battery management, motor control, and electronic fuses
1.3
Pin Configuration
Figure 1 shows the location of the Hall element in the chip and the distance between the
Hall probe and surface of the package.
B
2.67
d
0.2 B
A
1.53
Center of
sensitive area
Branded Side
2
Hall-Probe
3
0.2 A
1
d: Distance chip to upper side of IC
0.3 ±0.05 mm
AEP03538
Figure 1
TLE4998P3C Pin Configuration and Hall Cell Location
Table 1
Pin Definitions and Functions
Pin No.
Symbol
Function
1
VDD
Supply voltage / programming interface
2
GND
Ground
3
OUT
Output / programming interface
Data Sheet
6
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
General
2
General
2.1
Block Diagram
Figure 2 is a simplified block diagram.
VDD
Interface
Supply
Bias
EEPROM
spinning
H ALL
A
OUT
D
DSP
Temp.
Sense
PWM
A
D
GND
ROM
Figure 2
2.2
Block Diagram
Functional Description
The linear Hall IC TLE4998P3C has been designed specifically to meet the requirements
of highly accurate rotation and position detection, as well as for current measurement
applications. Two capacitors are integrated on the lead frame, making this sensor
especially suitable for applications with demanding EMC requirements.
The sensor provides a digital PWM signal, which is ideally suited for direct decoding by
any unit measuring a duty cycle of a rectangular signal (usually a timer/capture unit in a
microcontroller).
The output stage is an open-drain driver pulling the output pad to low only. Therefore,
the high level must be obtained by an external pull-up resistor. This output type has the
advantage that the receiver may use even a lower supply voltage (e.g. 3.3 V). In this
case, the pull-up resistor must be connected to the given receiver supply.
Data Sheet
7
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
General
The IC is produced in BiCMOS technology with high voltage capability, also providing
reverse polarity protection.
Digital signal processing, using a 16-bit DSP architecture together with digital
temperature compensation, guarantees excellent long-time stability as compared to
analog compensation methods.
While the overall resolution is 12 bits, some internal stages work with resolutions up to
20 bits.
The PWM output frequency can be selected within the range of 122 Hz up to 1953 Hz.
2.3
Principle of Operation
• A magnetic flux is measured by a Hall-Effect cell
• The output signal from the Hall-Effect cell is converted from Analog to Digital signals
• The chopped Hall-Effect cell and continuous-time A/D conversion ensure a very low
and stable magnetic offset
• A programmable Low-Pass filter reduces the noise
• The temperature is measured and A/D converted, too
• Temperature compensation is done digitally using a second order function
• Digital processing of output value is based on zero field and sensitivity value
• The output value range can be clamped by digital limiters
• The final output value is transferred in a rectangular, periodic signal with varying duty
cycle (Pulse Width Modulation)
• The duty cycle is proportional to the 12-bit output value
Data Sheet
8
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
General
2.4
Transfer Functions
The examples in Figure 3 show how different magnetic field ranges can be mapped to
the desired output value ranges.
• Polarity mode:
– Bipolar:
Magnetic fields can be measured in both orientations. The limit points
do not necessarily have to be symmetrical around the zero field point
– Unipolar: Only North- or South-oriented magnetic fields are measured
• Inversion: The gain values can be set positive or negative.
B (mT)
duty (%)
50
duty (%)
B (mT)
100 100
0
0
-50
100 200
0
V OUT
0
-100
Example 1:
- Bipolar
Figure 3
Data Sheet
B (mT)
0
duty (%)
100
0
V OUT
-200
Example 2:
- Unipolar
- Big offset
Example 3:
- Bipolar
- Inverted (neg. gain)
Examples of Operation
9
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Maximum Ratings
3
Maximum Ratings
Table 2
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Symbol
Limit Values
min.
TST
TJ
VDD
- 40
Supply current
@ overvoltage VDD max.
Reverse supply current
@ VDD min.
Storage temperature
Junction temperature
Voltage on VDD pin with
respect to ground
Unit
max.
150
°C
1)
- 40
170
-18
18
V
IDDov
-
15
mA
IDDrev
-1
-
mA
-13)
184)
V
Voltage on output pin with OUT
respect to ground
Notes
°C
Magnetic field
BMAX
-
unlimited
T
ESD protection
VESD
-
8
kV
2)
According HBM
JESD22-A114-B 5)
1)
For limited time of 96 h. Depends on customer temperature lifetime cycles. Please ask Infineon for support
2)
Higher voltage stress than absolute maximum rating, e.g. 150% in latch-up tests is not applicable. In such
cases, Rseries ≥100Ω for current limitation is required
3)
IDD can exceed 10 mA when the voltage on OUT is pulled below -1 V (-5 V at room temperature)
4)
VDD = 5 V, open drain permanent low, for max. 10 min
5)
100 pF and 1.5 kΩ
Note: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause
permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in
the operational sections of this specification is not implied.
Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Data Sheet
10
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Operating Range
4
Operating Range
The following operating conditions must not be exceeded in order to ensure correct
operation of the TLE4998P3C. All parameters specified in the following sections refer to
these operating conditions, unless otherwise indicated.
Table 3
Operating Range
Parameter
Supply voltage
Symbol Limit Values
VDD
min.
max.
4.5
5.5
1)
2)
Unit
V
4.1
16
V
OUT
-
18
V
RL
1
-
kΩ
Output current3)
IOUT
0
5
mA
Junction temperature
TJ
- 40
125
1504)
°C
Output pull-up voltage3)
Load
resistance3)
Notes
Extended Range
for 5000 h
for 1000 h not additive
1)
For reduced output accuracy
2)
For supply voltages > 12V, a series resistance Rseries ≥ 100Ω is recommended
3)
Output protocol characteristics depend on these parameters, RL must be according to max. output current
4)
For reduced magnetic accuracy; extended limits are taken for characteristics
Note: Keeping signal levels within the limits specified in this table ensures operation
without overload conditions.
Data Sheet
11
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
5
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
Table 4
Electrical Characteristics
Parameter
Symbol
Limit Values
Unit Notes
min. typ. max.
CVDD
CL
fPWM
DYPWM
IDD
IOUTsh
-
47
-
nF
Ceramic
-
4.7
-
nF
Ceramic
122
-
1953 Hz
Programmable1)
0
-
100
%
Programmable
3
6
8
mA
-
95
-
mA
RthJA
RthJC
tPon
-
190 -
K/W Junction to Air
-
41
-
K/W Junction to Case
-
0.7
15
2
20
ms
VDDpon
ZOUT
tfall
trise
-
3.6
4
V
19
30
44
kΩ
3)
2
-
4
µs
VOUT 4.5 V to 0.5 V4)
-
20
-
µs
VOUT 0.5 V to 4.5 V4)5)
Output low saturation
voltage
VOUTsat
-
0.3
0.2
0.6
0.4
V
IOUTsink = 5 mA
IOUTsink = 2.2 mA
Output noise (rms)
OUTnoise
-
1
2.5
LSB12 6)
VDD-GND capacitor
OUT-GND capacitor
PWM output frequency
Output duty cycle range
Supply current
Output current @ OUT
shorted to supply lines
Thermal resistance
Power-on time
2)
Power-on reset level
Output impedance
Output fall time
Output rise time
VOUT = 5V, max. 10
minutes
∆ DYPWM ≤ ± 5%
∆ DYPWM ≤ ± 1%
1)
Internal RC oscillator variation +/- 20%
2)
Response time to set up output duty cycle at power-on when a constant field is applied (fPWM=1953Hz). The
first value given has a ± 5% error, the second value has a ± 1% error
3)
Output impedance is measured ∆VOUT/∆IOUT (∆VOUT=18V ... 4.2V) at VDD = 5V, open-drain high state
4)
For VDD = 5 V, RL = 2.2 kΩ, CL = 4.7 nF (CL in package), at room temperature, not including capacitor
tolerance or influence of external circuitry
Data Sheet
12
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
5)
Depends on external RL and additional CL
V OUT
*)
tPWM
tlow
VD D
thigh
90% V D D
DY = thigh/tPWM
10% V D D
V OUTsat
tfall
6)
t
trise
*)
RL to V DD assumed
Range 100 mT, Gain 2.23, internal LP filter 244 Hz, B = 0mT, T = 25°C
Data Sheet
13
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
Calculation of the Junction Temperature
The total power dissipation PTOT of the chip increases its temperature above the ambient
temperature.
The power multiplied by the total thermal resistance RthJA (Junction to Ambient) leads
to the final junction temperature. RthJA is the sum of the addition of the values of the two
components Junction to Case and Case to Ambient.
RthJA = RthJC + RthCA
TJ = TA + ∆T
∆T = RthJA x PTOT = RthJA x ( VDD x IDD + VOUT x IOUT )
IDD , IOUT > 0, if direction is into IC
Example (assuming no load on Vout):
– VDD = 5 V
– IDD = 8 mA
– ∆T = 190 [K/W] x (5 [V] x 0.008 [A] + 0 [VA] ) = 7.6 K
For moulded sensors, the calculation with RthJC is more adequate.
Magnetic Parameters
Table 5
Magnetic Characteristics
Parameter
Symbol Limit Values
min.
typ.
max.
Unit
Notes
Sensitivity
S1)
± 0.2
-
±6
%/mT
2)
Sensitivity drift
∆S
-
± 80
± 150
ppm/
°C
3)
Magnetic field range
MFR
± 50
± 100
± 200
mT
Programmable 5)
Integral nonlinearity
Inl
BOS
∆BOS
BHYS
-
± 0.05
± 0.1
%MFR
6)8)
-
-
± 400
µT
7)8)
-
±1
±5
µT / °C Error band 8)
-
-
10
µT
Magnetic offset
Magnetic offset drift
Magnetic hysteresis
4)
See Figure 4
9)
1)
Defined as ∆DYPWM / ∆B
2)
Programmable in steps of 0.024%
3)
For any 1st and 2nd order polynomial, coefficient within definition in chapter 8. Valid for characterization at 0h
4)
This range is also used for temperature and offset pre-calibration of the IC
Data Sheet
14
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Electrical, Thermal and Magnetic Parameters
5)
Depending on offset and gain settings, the output may already be saturated at lower fields
6)
Gain setup is 1.0
7)
In operating temperature range and over lifetime
8)
Measured at ± 100 mT range
9)
Measured in 100 mT range, Gain = 1, room temperature
∆S ~
S(T)/S 0-1
max. pos.
TC-error
TCmax = ∆S/∆T
∆S0
0
Tmin
T max
T0
Tj
max. neg.
TC-error
TCmin = ∆S/∆T
Figure 4
Data Sheet
Sensitivity drift
15
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
6
Signal Processing
The flow diagram in Figure 5 shows the data-processing algorithm.
Range
Gain
LP
Limiter
(Clam p)
Hall
Sensor
Temperature
Sensor
A
D
X
D
+
Protocol
Generation
out
Offset
TC 2
X
X
A
X
1
+
TC 1
-T0
Stored in
EEPROM
Memory
+
X
Temperature
Compensation
Figure 5
Signal Processing Flow
Magnetic Field Path
• The analog output signal of the chopped Hall-effect cell is converted to a digital signal
in the continuous-time A/D converter. The range of the chopped A/D converter can be
set in several steps (see Table 6). This gives a suitable level for the A/D converter
• After the A/D conversion, a digital-low pass filter reduces the band width (Table 10).
• A multiplier amplifies the value depending on the gain (see Table 8) and temperature
compensation settings
• The offset value is added (see Table 9)
• A limiter reduces the resulting signal to 12 bits and feeds the Protocol Generation
stage
Temperature Compensation
(Details are given in Chapter 8)
• The output signal of the temperature cell is also A/D converted
• The temperature is normalized by subtraction of the reference temperature T0 value
(zero point of the quadratic function)
Data Sheet
16
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
• The linear path is multiplied by the TC1 value
• In the quadratic path, the temperature difference to T0 is squared and multiplied by the
TC2 value
• Both path outputs are added together and multiplied by the Gain value from the
EEPROM
6.1
Magnetic Field Ranges
The working range of the magnetic field defines the input range of the A/D converter. It
is always symmetrical around the zero field point. Any two points in the magnetic field
range can be selected to be the end points of the output value. The output value is
represented wihtin the range between the two points.
In the case of fields higher than the range values, the output signal may be distorted.
The range must be set before the calibration of offset and gain.
Table 6
Range Setting
Range
Range in mT1)
Parameter R
Low
± 50
3
Mid
± 100
1
High
± 200
0
1)
Ranges do not have a guaranteed absolute accuracy. The temperature pre-calibration is performed in the mid
range (100 mT). Setting R = 2 is not used, internally changed to R = 1
Table 7
Parameter
Range
Symbol Limit Values
min.
Register size
Data Sheet
R
Unit
Notes
max.
2
17
bit
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
6.2
Gain Setting
The sensitivity is defined by the range and the gain setting. The output of the A/D
converter is multiplied by the Gain value.
Table 8
Gain
Parameter
Symbol Limit Values
min.
Register size
Gain range
Gain
Gain quantization steps ∆Gain
Notes
bit
Unsigned integer value
-
1)2)
ppm
Corresponds to 1 / 4096
max.
15
G
Unit
- 4.0
3.9998
244.14
1)
For Gain values between - 0.5 and + 0.5, the numerical accuracy decreases. To obtain a flatter output curve,
a higher range setting should be selected
2)
A Gain value of +1.0 corresponds to typical 0.8%/mT sensitivity (100 mT range, not guaranteed). It is crucial
to do a final calibration of each IC within the application using the Gain/DYOS value
The Gain value can be calculated by
:
( G – 16384 )
Gain = -----------------------------4096
6.3
Offset Setting
The offset value corresponds to an output value with zero field at the sensor.
Table 9
Offset
Parameter
Symbol Limit Values
Unit
Notes
bit
Unsigned integer value
399
%
Virtual DYPWM 1)
0.024
%
100% / 4096
min. max.
Register size
Offset range
Offset quantization steps
1)
OS
DYOS
∆DYOS
15
-400
Infineon pre-calibrates the samples at zero field to 50% duty cycle (100 mT range), but does not guarantee
the value. Therefore it is crucial to do a final calibration of each IC within the application
The offset value can be calculated by:
OS – 16384 )
DY OS = (--------------------------------× 100
4096
Data Sheet
18
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
6.4
DSP Input Low Pass Filter
A digital low-pass filter is placed between the Hall A/D converter and the DSP an can be
to reduce the noise level. The low-pass filter has a constant DC amplification of 0 dB
(gain of 1), which means that its setting has no influence on the internal Hall A/D
converter value.
The bandwidth can be set in 8 steps.
Table 10
Low-Pass Filter Setting
Cutoff frequency in Hz (at -3 dB point)1)
Note: Parameter LP
0
80
1
240
2
440
3
640
4
860
5
1100
6
1390
7
off
1)
As this is a digital filter running with an RC-based oscillator, the cutoff frequency may vary within ±20%
Table 11
Low-Pass Filter
Parameter
Symbol Limit Values
min.
Register size
Corner frequency
variation
LP
∆f
- 20
Unit
Notes
max.
3
bit
+ 20
%
Note: In range 7 (filter off), the output noise increases.
Data Sheet
19
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
Figure 6 shows the filter characteristics as a magnitude plot (highest setting is marked).
The “off” position would be a flat 0 dB line. The update rate after the low-pass filter is 16
kHz.
0
Magnitude (dB)
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
101
102
103
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 6
Data Sheet
DSP Input Filter (Magnitude Plot)
20
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
6.5
Clamping
The clamping function is useful for splitting the output voltage range into operating range
and error ranges. If the magnetic field is outside the selected measurement range, the
output value OUT is limited to the clamping values. Any value in the error range is
interpreted as an error by the sensor counterpart.
Table 12
Parameter
Clamping
Symbol
Limit Values
min.
Unit
Notes
max.
Register size
2x7
CL,CH
Clamping duty cy. low CYCLPWM
0
99.2
Clamping duty cy. high CYCHPWM
0.76 100
Clamping quantization ∆CYCxPWM
0.78
bit
%
1)
%
1) 2)
%
3)
steps
1)
For CL = 0 and CH = 127 the clamping function is disabled
2)
CYCLPWM< CYCHPWM mandatory
3)
Quantization starts for CL at 0% and for CH at 100%
The clamping values are calculated by:
Clamping duty cycle low (deactivated if CL=0):
⋅ 32----------------CY CLPWM = CL
4095
Clamping duty cycle high (deactivated if CH=127):
CH + 1 ) ⋅ 32 – 1
CY CHPWM = (--------------------------------------4095
Data Sheet
21
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
Figure 7 shows an example in which the magnetic field range between Bmin and Bmax
is mapped to duty cycles between 16% and 84%.
DYPWM
(%) 100
Error range
DY CHPWM
80
60
Operating range
40
20
DY CLPWM
Error range
0
Bmax
B min
B (mT)
Figure 7
Clamping example
Note: The clamping high value must be above the low value.
Data Sheet
22
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Signal Processing
6.6
PWM Output Fequency Setup
This enables a setup of different PWM output frequencies, even if the internal RC
oscillator varies by ±20%.
Table 13
Parameter
Predivider Setting
Symbol
Limit Values
min.
Register size
Prediv
PWM output frequency fPWM
122
Unit
Notes
4
bit
Predivider
1953
Hz
OSCClk ... oscillator clock
max.
The nominal unit time is calculated by:
fPW M = OSC Clk / (Prediv + 1)
OSC Clk = 1953 Hz ±20%
Data Sheet
23
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Error Detection
7
Error Detection
Different error cases can be detected by the On-Board-Diagnostics (OBD) and reported
to the microcontroller. The OBD is useful only when the clamping function is enabled.
7.1
Voltages Outside the Operating Range
The output signals error conditions if VDD crosses the overvoltage threshold level.
Table 14
Overvoltage
Parameter
Symbol
Limit Values
min.
Overvoltage threshold
Output duty cycle
@ overvoltage
1)
typ.
Unit
Notes
max.
VDDov
16.65 17.5
CYPWMov 100 1) -
18.35 V
-
%
Output stays in “off” state (high ohmic)
7.2
EEPROM Error Correction
The parity method is able to correct one single bit in one EEPROM line. One other singlebit error in another line can also be detected. As this situation is not correctable, this
status is signalled at the output pin by clamping the output value to CYPWM = 100%.
Table 15
EEPROM Error Signalling
Parameter
Symbol
Limit Values
min.
Output duty cycle
@ EEPROM error
1)
Unit
Notes
max.
CYPWMerr 100 1)
%
Output stays in “off” state (high ohmic)
Data Sheet
24
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Temperature Compensation
8
Temperature Compensation
The magnetic field strength of a magnet depends on the temperature. This material
constant is specific to different magnet types. Therefore, the TLE4998P3C offers a
second-order temperature compensation polynomial, by which the Hall signal output is
multiplied in the DSP.
There are three parameters for the compensation:
• Reference temperature T0
• A linear part (1st order) TC1
• A quadratic part (2nd order) TC2
The following formula describes the sensitivity dependent on the temperature in relation
to the sensitivity at the reference temperature T0:
S TC ( T ) = 1 + TC 1 × ( T – T 0 ) + TC 2 × ( T – T0 )
2
For more information, see also the signal-processing flow in Figure 5.
The full temperature compensation of the complete system is done in two steps:
1. Pre-calibration in the Infineon final test
The parameters TC1, TC2, T0 are set to maximally flat temperature characteristics
regarding the Hall probe and internal analog processing parts.
2. Overall system calibration
The typical coefficients TC1, TC2, T0 of the magnetic circuitry are programmed. This
can be done deterministically, as the algorithm of the DSP is fully reproducible. The
final setting of the TC1, TC2, T0 values depend on the pre-calibrated values.
Table 16
Temperature Compensation
Parameter
Register size TC1
1st order coefficient TC1
Quantization steps of TC1
Register size TC2
2nd order coefficient TC2
Quantization steps of TC2
Reference temp.
Quantization steps of T0
1)
Symbol Limit Values Unit
Notes
min.
max.
TL
TC1
qTC1
-
9
TQ
TC2
qTC2
T0
qT0
-
8
bit
Unsigned integer values
-4
4
ppm/ °C²
2)
bit
Unsigned integer values
-1000 2500
ppm/ °C
1)
15.26
ppm/ °C
0.119
- 48
64
1
ppm/ °C²
°C
°C
3)
Relative range to Infineon TC1 temperature pre-calibration, the maximum adjustable range is limited by the
register-size and depends on specific pre-calibrated TL setting, full adjustable range: -2441 to +5355 ppm/°C
Data Sheet
25
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Temperature Compensation
2)
Relative range to Infineon TC2 temperature pre-calibration, the maximum adjustable range is limited by the
register-size and depends on specific pre-calibrated TQ setting, full adjustable range: -15 to +15 ppm/°C2
3)
Handled by algorithm only (see Application Note)
8.1
Parameter Calculation
The parameters TC1 and TC2 may be calculated by:
TL – 160
TC 1 = ---------------------- × 1000000
65536
TQ – 128
TC 2 = ----------------------- × 1000000
8388608
The digital output for a given field BIN at a specific temperature can then be calculated
by:
 B

 B FSR

IN
- × S TC × S TCHall × S 0 × 4096 + DY OS
DY OUT = 2 ⋅  ------------
BFSR is the full range magnetic field. It is dependent on the range setting (e.g 100 mT).
S0 is the nominal sensitivity of the Hall probe times the Gain factor set in the EEPROM.
STC is the temperature-dependent sensitivity factor calculated by the DSP.
STCHall is the temperature behavior of the Hall probe.
The pre-calibration at Infineon is performed such that the following condition is met:
S TC ( T J – T 0 ) × S TCHall ( T J ) ≈ 1
Within the application, an additional factor BIN(T) / BIN(T0) will be given due to the
magnetic system. STC then needs to be modified to STCnew so that the following condition
is satisfied:
B IN ( T )
-------------------× S TCnew ( T ) × S TCHall ( T ) ≈ S TC ( T ) × S TCHall ( T ) ≈ 1
B IN ( T 0 )
Therefore, the new sensitivity parameters STCnew can be calculated from the precalibrated setup STC using the relationship:
B IN ( T )
-------------------× S TCnew ( T ) ≈ S TC ( T )
B IN ( T 0 )
Data Sheet
26
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Calibration
9
Calibration
For the calibration of the sensor, a special hardware interface to a PC is required. All
calibration and setting bits can be temporarily written into a Random Access Memory
(RAM). This allows the EEPROM to remain untouched during the entire calibration
process, since the number of the EEPROM programming cycles is limited. Therefore,
this temporary setup (using the RAM only) does not stress the EEPROM.
The digital signal processing is completely deterministic. This allows a two-point
calibration in one step without iterations. After measuring the Hall output signal for the
two end points, the signal processing parameters Gain and Offset can be calculated.
Table 17
Calibration Characteristics
Parameter
Symbol
Limit Values
Unit
min.
max.
10
30
°C
Notes
Temperature at
calibration
TCAL
Two-point calibration
accuracy
∆CYCAL1 -0.2
0.2
%
Position 1
∆CYCAL2 -0.2
0.2
%
Position 2
Note: Depending on the application and external instrumentation setup, the accuracy of
the two-point calibration can be improved.
Data Sheet
27
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Calibration
9.1
Calibration Data Memory
When the MEMLOCK bits are programmed (two redundant bits), the memory content is
frozen and may no longer be changed. Furthermore, the programming interface is locked
out and the chip remains in the application mode only. This prevents accidental
programming due to environmental influences.
Row Parity Bits
Column Parity Bits
User-Calibration Bits
Pre-Calibration Bits
Figure 8
EEPROM Map
A matrix parity architecture allows automatic correction of any single-bit error. Each row
is protected by a row parity bit. The sum of bits set including this bit must be an odd
number (ODD PARITY). Each column is additionally protected by a column parity bit.
Each bit in the even positions (0, 2, etc.) of all lines must sum up to an even number
(EVEN PARITY), and each bit in the odd positions (1,3, etc.) must have an odd sum
(ODD PARITY). The parity column must have an even sum (EVEN PARITY).
This mechanism of different parity calculations also protects against many block errors
such as erasing a full line or even the whole EEPROM.
When modifying the application bits (such as Gain, Offset, TC, etc.) the parity bits must
be updated. As for the column bits, the pre-calibration area must be read out and
considered for correct parity generation as well.
Note: A specific programming algorithm must be followed to ensure data retention.
A detailed separate programming specification is available on request.
Data Sheet
28
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Calibration
Table 18
Programming Characteristics
Parameter
Symbol Limit Values
min.
max.
Unit
Notes
Number of EEPROM
programming cycles
NPRG
-
10
Cycles1) Programming allowed
only at start of lifetime
Ambient temperature
at programming
TPRG
10
30
°C
Programming time
tPRG
100
-
ms
For complete memory 2)
Calibration memory
-
150
bit
All active EEPROM bits
Error Correction
-
26
bit
All parity EEPROM bits
1)
1 cycle is the simultaneous change of ≥ 1 bit
2)
Depending on clock frequency at VDD, write pulse 10 ms ±1%, erase pulse 80 ms ±1%
9.2
Programming Interface
The VDD pin and the OUT pin are used as a two-wire interface to transmit the EEPROM
data to and from the sensor.
This allows
• Communication with high data reliability, parity protected
• The bus-type connection of several sensors and separate programming via the OUT
pin
9.3
Data transfer protocol
The data transfer protocol is described in a separate document (User Programming
Description), available on request.
9.4
Programming of sensors with common supply lines
In many automotive applications, two sensors are used to measure the same parameter.
This redundancy allows the operation to continue in an emergency mode. If both sensors
use the same power supply lines, they can be programmed together in parallel.
Data Sheet
29
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Application Circuit
10
Application Circuit
Figure 9 shows the connection of multiple sensors to a microcontroller.
Sensor
Module
Voltage Supply
Sensor
Voltage Supply
µC
ECU
Module
µC
VDD
Vdd
VDD
TLE out
4998P3C
2k2
OUT1
50
CCin1
GND
1n
GND
VGND
CCin2
2k2
V DD
TLE out
4998P3C
OUT2
50
GND
Figure 9
optional
1n
Application Circuit
Note: For calibration and programming, the interface has to be connected directly to the
output pin
The application circuit shown must be regarded as only an example that will need to be
adapted to meet the requirements of other specific applications.
Data Sheet
30
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
TLE4998P3C
Package Outlines
Package Outlines
5.34 ±0.05
5.16 ±0.08
B
1 x 45˚ ±1˚
0.2
2A
1.905
B
0.25 ±0.05
C
7˚ ±2˚
A
C
2.2 ±0.05
A
0.1
0.2 +0.04
0.35 ±0.05
(8.17)
0.87±0.05
5.67±0.1
1.67±0.05
7.07±0.1
0.6 MAX.
1.9 MAX.
0.4 ±0.05
1 MAX.1)
0.2 B
(2.68)
2x
0.2 B
(2.2)
0.65 ±0.1
(0.25)
7˚
B
1-0.1
7˚
1.905
3.38 ±0.06
0.1 MAX.
1.9 MAX.
3.71±0.08
11
5.34 ±0.05
5.16 ±0.08
0.2 B
0.9 ±0.05
1
1.655
2
1.2 ±0.05
0.2 B 3x
3
2 x 1.655 = 3.31
7˚
(0.52)
Capacitor
(1.75)
45˚ ±1˚
(1.75)
C-C
(4.35)
Burr MAX 0.15
5.16 ±0.08
Burr MAX 0.15
Burr MAX 1.1
B 0.2
1-1
6 ±0.5
18 ±0.5
9 +0.75
-0.5
38 MAX.
2 C
(14.8)
(Useable Length)
23.8 ±0.5
12.7 ±1
Burr MAX 1.1
(0.9)
B-B
15˚ ±2˚
(1.75)
A-A
A
Adhesive
Tape
Tape
6.35 ±0.4
4 ±0.3
12.7 ±0.3
Total tolerance at 10 pitches ±1
1) No solder function area
Figure 10
Data Sheet
0.25 -0.15
0.39 ±0.1
P/PG-SSO-3-9x-PO V07
PG-SSO-3-92 (Plastic Green Single Small Outline Package)
31
Rev 1.1, 2009-09
w w w . i n f i n e o n . c o m
Published by Infineon Technologies AG