19-6258; Rev 0; 3/12 EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO General Description The MAX2686L /MAX2693L low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) are designed for GPS L1, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. Designed in Maxim’s advanced SiGe process, the devices achieve high gain and low noise figure while maximizing the input-referred 1dB compression point and the 3rd-order intercept point. Both devices include an internal LDO ideal for battery-powered applications. For currentsensitive applications, the MAX2693L achieves excellent performance while consuming only 1.8mA current. The devices operate from a +1.6V to +4.2V single supply. The optional shutdown feature in the devices reduces the supply current to less than 20FA. The devices are available in a very small, lead-free, RoHS-compliant, 0.86mm x 0.86mm x 0.65mm wafer-level package (WLP). Features SHigh Power Gain: 19dB (MAX2686L) SLow Noise Figure: 0.88dB (MAX2686L) SIntegrated 50Ω Output Matching Circuit SLow Supply Current: 1.8mA (MAX2693L) SWide Supply Voltage Range: 1.6V to 4.2V SLow Bill of Materials: One Inductor, Two Capacitors SSmall Footprint: 0.86mm x 0.86mm S0.4mm Pitch WLP Applications Automotive Navigation Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet. Telematics (Asset Tracking and Management) Cellular Phones with GPS Notebook PCs/Ultra-Mobile PCs Recreational, Marine Navigation Watches Digital Cameras Typical Operating Circuit MAX2686L MAX2693L VCC VCC A1 LDO A2 RFOUT C2 RF INPUT C1 L1 RF OUTPUT R1 25kI SHDN OPTIONAL SHUTDOWN RFIN B1 MAX2686L L1 = 7.3nH C1 = 100nF C2 = 10pF B2 GND MAX2693L L1 = 12nH C1 = 100nF C2 = 10pF ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND...........................................................-0.3V to +4.2V Other Pins to GND................-0.3V to (+ Operating VCC + 0.3V) Maximum RF Input Power................................................ +5dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) WLP (derates 9.7mW/°C above +70°C).......................776mW Maximum Current into RF Input..........................................10mA Operating Temperature Range........................... -40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +160°C Soldering Temperature (reflow) (Note 1).........................+260°C Note 1: Refer to Application Note 1891: Wafer-Level Packaging (WLP) and Its Applications. CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2686L /MAX2693L EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 4.2V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, no RF signals are applied. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Supply Voltage SHDN = high Supply Current MIN TYP MAX UNITS 1.6 3.3 4.2 V MAX2686L 5 MAX2693L 1.8 20 Shutdown mode, VSHDN = 0V Digital Input Logic-High (Note 3) Digital Input Logic-Low (Note 3) mA 1.2 µA V 0.45 V AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX2686L /MAX2693L EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 4.2V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER RF Frequency CONDITIONS VCC = 4.2V (Note 4) Power Gain VCC = 1.6V Noise Figure VCC = 1.6V to 4.2V In-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept Point (Note 5) Out-of-Band 3rd-Order Input Intercept Point (Note 6) Input 1dB Compression Point (Note 7) Input Return Loss MIN L1 band TYP 1575.42 MAX2686L 14.65 19.0 MAX2693L 11.6 18.4 MAX2686L 14.85 19.1 MAX2693L 11.6 18.7 MAX2686L 0.88 MAX2693L 1.05 MAX2686L -4.1 MAX2693L -14.3 MAX2686L -0.1 MAX2693L -13.9 MAX2686L -12.1 MAX2693L -11.0 MAX2686L 11.2 MAX2693L 10.7 MAX UNITS MHz dB dB dBm dBm dBm dB ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 2 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (MAX2686L /MAX2693L EV kit, VCC = 1.6V to 4.2V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Output Return Loss Reverse Isolation MIN TYP MAX2686L 22.0 MAX2693L 14.3 MAX2686L 41.0 MAX2693L 40.0 MAX UNITS dB dB Note 2: M in and max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +25°C and guaranteed by design and characterization at TA = -40°C and TA = +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Note 3: Min and max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +25°C. Note 4: Min limit guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 5: Measured with the two tones located at 1MHz and 2MHz offset from the center of the GPS band with -30dBm/tone. Note 6: Measured with input tones at 1713MHz (-27dBm) and 1851MHz (-39dBm). Note 7: Measured with a tone located at the center of the GPS band. Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2686L/MAX2693L EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX2686L -10 +25°C VCC = 1.6V 15 -30 1.6V 3.2V 4.2V -40 VCC = 3.2V GAIN (dB) VCC = 4.2V S11 (dB) 20 |S12| (dB) VCC = 3.2V MAX2686L REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY MAX2686L toc02 +25°C MAX2686L toc01 0 MAX2686L GAIN vs. FREQUENCY MAX2686L toc03 MAX2686L INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY VCC = 4.2V 10 -50 VCC = 1.6V -20 -60 5 -70 0 -30 500 1000 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2500 500 1000 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2500 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 FREQUENCY (MHz) ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 3 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2686L/MAX2693L EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX2686L MAX2686L OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -27dBm; TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -39dBm) MAX2686L IN-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND 2MHz OFFSET WITH -30dBm/TONE) +25°C -5 3 MAX2686L toc05 -3 MAX2686L toc04 0 -40°C +25°C -40°C 1 VCC = 4.2V +25°C IIP3 (dBm) IIP3 (dBm) VCC = 3.2V VCC = 1.6V -15 +85°C -1 -5 +85°C -20 -6 1000 500 1500 2000 2500 -3 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.1 2.0 -13 3.2 1.6 +85°C NOISE FIGURE (dB) -40°C +25°C 2.8 3.6 4.0 MAX2686L NOISE FIGURE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE MAX2686L toc07 -9 2.4 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) MAX2686L INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE -11 1.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX2686L toc08 -25 INPUT P1dB (dBm) |S22| (dB) -4 -10 MAX2686L toc06 MAX2686L OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 1.2 +25°C 0.8 +85°C -40°C -15 0.4 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3.8 4.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 4 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2686L/MAX2693L EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX2693L MAX2693L INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY MAX2686L toc09 +25°C -4 +25°C VCC = 1.6V 10 VCC = 1.6V GAIN (dB) S11 (dB) 20 MAX2686L toc10 MAX2693L GAIN vs. FRQUENCY 0 -8 VCC = 3.2V VCC = 4.2V 0 -12 VCC = 3.2V VCC = 4.2V -10 -16 2000 500 2500 1000 1500 2000 FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX2693L REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY MAX2693L OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY 1.6V 3.2V 4.2V +25°C -50 -60 -4 -8 VCC = 3.2V VCC = 4.2V VCC = 1.6V -12 -70 2500 0 |S22| (dB) -40 |S12| (dB) 1500 MAX2686L toc12 -30 1000 MAX2686L toc11 500 -16 500 1000 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2500 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 FREQUENCY (MHz) ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 5 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX2686L/MAX2693L EV kit. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.) MAX2693L +85°C IIP3 (dBm) +85°C IIP3 (dBm) -13 MAX2686L toc13 -15 MAX2693L OUT-OF-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TONE 1 AT 1713MHz, -27dBm; TONE 2 AT 1851MHz, -39dBm) -16 +25°C MAX2686L toc14 MAX2693L IN-BAND IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE (TWO TONES LOCATED AT 1MHz AND 2MHz OFFSET WITH -30dBm/TONE) -14 +25°C -40°C -40°C -17 -15 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.1 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) MAX2693L INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE MAX2693L NOISE FIGURE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND TEMPERATURE NOISE FIGURE (dB) -12 -40°C +25°C MAX2686L toc16 +85°C -14 1.6 MAX2686L toc15 -10 INPUT P1dB (dBm) 1.6 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) +85°C 1.2 +25°C 0.8 -16 -40°C -18 0.4 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3.6 4.0 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 6 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO Bump Configuration TOP VIEW + VCC A1 A2 RFOUT (SHDN) B2 GND MAX2686L MAX2693L RFIN B1 WLP Bump Description BUMP NAME FUNCTION A1 VCC A2 RFOUT (SHDN) B1 RFIN RF Input. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor and external matching components. B2 GND Ground. Connect to the PCB ground plane. Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 10pF capacitor as close as possible to the IC. RF Output/SHDN Input. RFOUT is internally matched to 50I and pulled up to VCC through a 1MI resistor. SHDN is shared with the RFOUT bump. The devices are in active mode by default once VCC is applied. RFOUT(SHDN) can be pulled to a DC low through a 25kI resistor to shut down the IC. Detailed Description The MAX2686L /MAX2693L are LNAs designed for GPS L1, Galileo, and GLONASS applications. The devices feature an optional power-shutdown control mode to eliminate the need for an external supply switch. The devices achieve high gain and low noise figure in an ultra-small package ideal for space-sensitive applications. These integrated ICs eliminate the need for an external LDO. Input and Output Matching The devices require an off-chip input matching. Only an inductor in series with a DC-blocking capacitor is needed to form the input matching circuit. The Typical Operating Circuit shows the recommended input-matching network. These values are optimized for the best simultaneous gain, noise figure, and return loss performance. The value of the input coupling capacitor affects IIP3. A smaller coupling capacitor results in lower IIP3. The devices integrate an on-chip output matching to 50I at the output, eliminating the need for external matching components. Table 1 and Table 2 list typical device S parameters and Kf values. Typical noise parameters are shown in Table 3 and Table 4. Shutdown The devices include an optional shutdown feature to turn off the entire chip. The devices are placed in active mode by default once VCC is applied, due to the on-chip pullup resistor to VCC at the RFOUT bump (shared with the SHDN input). To shut down the part, apply a logic-low to the RFOUT bump through an external resistor with an adequate value, e.g., 25kI, in order not to load the RF output signal during active operation. ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 7 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO Table 1. MAX2686L Typical S Parameter Values and K-Factor S11 S21 S12 S22 S21 MAG S12 MAG S22 MAG PHASE PHASE PHASE PHASE (dB) (dB) (dB) (DEGREES) (DEGREES) (DEGREES) (DEGREES) FREQ (MHz) S11 MAG (dB) 1000 -2.7 -88.3 7.9 162.0 -56.7 101.9 -1.9 -153.8 16.1 1100 -2.9 -95.0 9.6 150.5 -48.5 57.5 -2.4 -169.9 9.8 1200 -3.2 -101.7 11.2 136.9 -45.5 64.8 -3.1 172.8 7.4 1300 -3.4 -107.4 12.8 122.2 -49.2 51.0 -4.4 153.8 6.6 1400 -3.5 -113.3 14.4 104.8 -47.4 1.8 -6.8 132.5 6.9 1500 -3.3 -120.2 16.0 85.4 -50.7 19.3 -11.9 102.3 7.8 1575 -3.5 -125.7 16.8 66.9 -44.6 29.9 -26.0 46.7 5.9 1600 -3.7 -126.8 16.8 58.4 -43.4 15.5 -24.3 -79.5 5.1 1700 -3.6 -131.1 16.5 34.7 -49.8 -7.5 -10.1 -125.4 6.5 1800 -3.5 -139.0 16.1 12.9 -51.0 39.5 -5.4 -148.1 4.0 1900 -3.7 -146.3 15.2 -7.7 -41.9 7.5 -3.0 -169.7 2.2 2000 -4.0 -152.0 13.8 -24.4 -41.8 -10.7 -1.9 170.5 2.0 Kf Table 2. MAX2693L Typical S Parameter Values and K-Factor S11 S21 S12 S22 S21 MAG S12 MAG S22 MAG PHASE PHASE PHASE PHASE (dB) (dB) (dB) (DEGREES) (DEGREES) (DEGREES) (DEGREES) FREQ (MHz) S11 MAG (dB) 1000 -1.0 -77.4 -2.5 -148.6 -55.5 78.6 -0.9 -138.2 16.1 1100 -1.1 -84.8 0.1 -159.7 -51.0 85.5 -1.2 -154.2 9.8 1200 -1.2 -92.5 2.7 -172.2 -48.0 70.0 -1.6 -172.0 7.4 1300 -1.3 -99.4 5.6 171.7 -46.4 56.0 -2.3 167.2 6.6 1400 -1.5 -106.5 8.4 152.1 -45.9 35.6 -3.8 140.1 6.9 1500 -1.6 -113.2 11.0 124.7 -46.3 22.2 -8.0 96.8 7.8 1575 -1.6 -118.5 12.2 99.5 -44.0 38.3 -14.8 23.5 5.9 1600 -1.7 -120.6 12.3 88.4 -42.4 22.2 -14.9 -33.4 5.1 1700 -1.9 -126.6 11.5 55.8 -45.3 -9.5 -6.5 -117.5 6.5 1800 -1.8 -133.6 10.0 30.2 -43.6 12.4 -3.3 -152.3 4.0 1900 -2.0 -140.7 8.4 10.0 -40.1 -8.1 -2.0 -176.5 2.2 2000 -2.1 -146.9 6.9 -4.9 -39.6 -29.9 -1.5 164.9 2.0 Kf Table 3. MAX2686L Simulated Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25°C) FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN (dB) |GOPT| |GOPT| ANGLE RN (I) 1550 0.70 0.43 45 8.45 1560 0.70 0.43 45 8.43 1570 0.70 0.42 45 8.42 1580 0.70 0.42 45 8.41 1590 0.70 0.42 46 8.39 1600 0.71 0.42 46 8.38 ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 8 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO Table 4. MAX2693L Simulated Typical Noise Parameters (VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25NC) FREQUENCY (MHz) FMIN (dB) |GOPT| |GOPT| ANGLE RN (I) 1550 0.88 0.69 32 24.27 1560 0.88 0.69 32 24.22 1570 0.88 0.68 32 24.17 1580 0.88 0.68 32 24.12 1590 0.88 0.68 32 24.07 1600 0.88 0.68 33 24.03 Applications Information A properly designed PCB is essential to any RF microwave circuit. Use controlled-impedance lines on all high-frequency inputs and outputs. Bypass VCC with decoupling capacitors located close to the device. For long VCC lines, it may be necessary to add decoupling capacitors. Locate these additional capacitors further away from the device package. Proper grounding of the GND bump is essential. If the PCB uses a topside RF ground, connect it directly to the GND bump. For a board where the ground is not on the component layer, connect the GND bump to the board with multiple vias close to the package. For general layout guidelines, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/app-notes/index.mvp/id/5100. Refer to www.maxim-ic.com/datasheet/index.mvp/id/6934/t/do for the MAX2686L /MAX2693L EV kit schematic, Gerber data, PADS layout file, and BOM information. Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX2686LEWS+T -40NC to +85NC 4 WLP MAX2693LEWS+T -40NC to +85NC 4 WLP +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape and reel Chip Information PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 4 WLP W40A0+1 21-0480 Refer to Application Note 1891 ����������������������������������������������������������������� Maxim Integrated Products 9 MAX2686L /MAX2693L GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifiers with Integrated LDO Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 3/12 DESCRIPTION Initial release PAGES CHANGED — Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. 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