Examples of applications in 230/400 V systems TN-C systems Neutral conductor and protective earth conductor functions are combined throughout the network in a single conductor, the PEN conductor (4-conductor-system). Position 1 LPL Type Order No. Page I/II VPU I 3 LCF 280 V/25 kA 1351690000 C.13 VPU I 3 LCF 280 V/12,5 kA 1352090000 C.23 2 VPU II 3 280 V/40 kA 1352700000 C.34 3 VPU III 3 280 V 1393050000 C.65 III/IV TN-C-S systems Neutral conductor, PEN conductor and equipotential bonding system are connected once at the main distribution board or after the incoming supply to the building. Therefore, a TN-C system becomes a TN-S system (TN-C-S system) from this point onwards. Position 1 LPL Type Order No. Page I/II VPU I 3 LCF 280 V/25 kA 1351690000 C.13 III/IV 2 3 VPU I 3 LCF 280 V/12,5 kA 1352090000 C.23 VPU II 3+1 280 V/40 kA 1352650000 C.35 VPU II 4 280 V/40 kA 1352680000 C.34 VPU III R 230 V/6 KV AC 1351650000 C.62 TN-S systems LPL 1 Type Order No. I/II VPU I 3+1 LCF 280 V/25 kA 1351780000 C.14 VPU I 3+1 LCF 280 V/12,5 kA 1352020000 C.22 3 VPU II 3+1 280 V/40 kA 1352650000 C.35 VPU II 4 280 V/40 kA 1352680000 C.34 VPU III R 230 V/6 KV AC 1351650000 C.62 3$6 / / / 3(1 One point is earthed directly (operational earth). The exposed conductive parts of the electrical installation are connected to earth lines separate from the operational earth. Position 1 LPL Type Order No. Page I/II VPU I 3+1 LCF 280 V/25 kA 1351780000 C.14 VPU I 3+1 LCF 280 V/12,5 kA 1352020000 C.22 2 VPU II 3+1 280 V/40 kA 1352650000 C.35 3 VPU II 3+1 280 V/40 kA 1352650000 C.35 III/IV IT systems ) 0DLQGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG LPL 1 Type Order No. I/II VPU I 3 400 V/25 kA 1351870000 C.18 VPU I 3 400 V/12,5 kA 1352340000 C.27 2 VPU II 3 400 V/40 kA 1352880000 C.39 3 VPU II 3 400 V/40 kA 1352880000 C.39 2028840000 ) 3$6 6XEGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG 7HUPLQDOFRQVXPHU 0DLQGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG ) ) 5&' ) 3$6 3$6 0DLQGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG ) ) 6XEGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG 7HUPLQDOFRQVXPHU 5&' ) ) 3$6 ) ) 3$6 6XEGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG 3$6 7HUPLQDOFRQVXPHU / / / ) 3$6 / / / 1 ) ) ) = / / / 1 3( ) ) Page III/IV / / / 1 3( ) ) Position 7HUPLQDOFRQVXPHU 5&' 0DLQGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG There is no direct connection between active conductors and earthed parts. The exposed conductive parts of the electrical installation are earthed. 6XEGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG ) 3$6 / / / / / / 3(1 ) 3$6 ) / / / 1 7HUPLQDOFRQVXPHU ) TT systems 6XEGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG ) 5&' Page III/IV 2 0DLQGLVWULEXWLRQERDUG ) ) / / / 1 3( Neutral conductor and protective earth conductor are separated throughout the network. Position / / / 3(1 3$6 3$6 Terms SPD = Surge Protection Device Testing pulse for surge arrester Classification of surge arresters 1. Power lines Class I, Type 1, Type 1 (lightning arrester) Class II, Type 2, Type 2 (surge protection) Class III, Type 3, Type 3 (surge protection for end devices) 2. Measurement/control cables and data cables Class D1(lightning arrester) Class C2 (surge protection) Class C1(surge protection for end devices) Surge voltage category (EN 60664-1) Rated impulse voltage IV = 6 kV (before the meter) III = 4 kV (after the meter, HV + UV, fixed installation) II = 2.5 kV (outlet/end device) I = 1.5 kV (in end device) LPZ = Lightning Protection Zone External lightning protection LPZ 0 / 0A / 0B Internal lightning protection LPZ 1, 2, 3 LPL = Lightning Protection Level I = 200 kA II = 150 kA III + IV = 100 kA LPS = Lightning Protection System Lightning protection system :DYHIRUP >ȁV@ ,PD[>N$@ N$ N$ N$ N$ N$ N$ 4>$V@ :5>-@ܦ ² ² 6WDQGDUG ',199'(9 ',199'( 7 W 86 6LPXODWHGVXUJHSXOVHȁV 6LPXODWHGOLJKWQLQJSXOVHV EMC lightning protection - zone concept in accordance with IEC 62305-4 LPZ = Lightning Protection Zone Air-termination system for roof-top constructions Building shield LPZ 0B SPD Class 2 LPZ 0A LPZ 0A SPD category D1 Room shielding SPD Class 3 SPD Class 2 SPD Class 1 LPZ 1 LPZ 3 LPZ 2 SPD category C1 SPD category C2 LPZ 0B Energy technology system IT system SPD category D 1 SPD category D1 kWh SPD category C2/ Class 2 LPZ 1 SPD Class 1 SPM = Surge Protection Measures International standards Application standard: IEC 62305 – Application of lightning and surge protection with 4 chapters: General overview, Risk analysis, Internal and external lightning protection IEC 61643-12 – Usage for energy protection IEC 61643-22 – Usage for measurement and control signals LPZ 0A Direct impact is possible and full electromagnetic field No direct impact is possible but full electromagnetic field LPZ 0B LPZ 1Pulse currents are further limited by current distribution; the lightning field is attenuated by room shielding LPZ 2…n Pulse currents further limited; reduction of the field by room shielding 2028840000