INTEGRATED CIRCUITS MF RC531 ISO 14443 Reader IC Short Form Specification Revision 2.0 Philips Semiconductors February 2002 Philips Semiconductors Short Form Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC531 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ................................... 3 1.1 Scope ................................................... 3 1.2 Features ............................................... 3 1.3 Applications........................................... 3 2 BLOCK DIAGRAM................................. 4 3 MF RC531 PINNING.............................. 5 3.1 Pinning Diagram.................................... 5 3.2 Pin Description...................................... 6 3.2.1 Antenna Interface .................................. 6 3.2.2 Analog Supply ....................................... 6 3.2.3 Digital Supply ........................................ 6 3.2.4 Auxillary Pin .......................................... 6 3.2.5 Reset Pin .............................................. 7 3.2.6 Oscillator............................................... 7 3.2.7 MIFARE Interface ................................ 7 3.2.8 Parallel Interface.................................... 7 3.2.9 SPI Compatible Interface........................ 8 3.3 Applications........................................... 8 3.3.1 Connecting Different µController's........... 8 3.3.2 Application Example .............................. 9 4 MIFARE CLASSIC RELATED ITEMS...10 4.1 CRYPTO I: Card Authentication.............10 4.1.1 Initiating Card Authentication.................10 4.1.2 Second Part of Card Authentication .......10 5 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION.............11 5.1 DC Characteristics ...............................11 5.2 Start up Characteristics.........................11 ® MIFARE is a registered trademark of Philips Electronics N.V 2 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Scope The MF RC531 is member of a new family of highly integrated reader ICs for contactless communication at 13.56 MHz. This reader IC family utilises an outstanding modulation and demodulation concept completely integrated for all kinds of passive contactless communication methods and protocols at 13.56 MHz. The MF RC531 is pin- compatible to the MF RC500, the MF RC530 and the SL RC400. The MF RC531 supports all layers of the ISO14443 including the type A and type B communication scheme The MF RC531 supports contactless ® communication using MIFARE Higher Baudrates. The internal transmitter part is able to drive an antenna designed for proximity operating distance (up to 100 mm) directly without additional active circuitry. The receiver part provides a robust and efficient implementation of a demodulation and decoding circuitry for signals from ISO14443 compatible transponders. The digital part handles the complete ISO14443 framing and error detection (Parity & CRC). ® Additionally it supports the fast MIFARE Classic security algorithm to authenticate MIFARE ® ® Classic (e.g. MIFARE Standard, MIFARE Light) products. A comfortable parallel interface, which can be directly connected to any 8-bit µ-Processor gives high flexibility for the reader/terminal design. Additionally a SPI compatible interface is supported. • Crypto1 and secure non-volatile internal key memory • Pin-compatible to the MF RC500, MF RC530 and the SL RC400 • Parallel µ-Processor interface with internal address latch and IRQ line • SPI compatible interface • Flexible interrupt handling • Automatic detection of the used µ-Processor interface type • Comfortable 64 byte send and receive FIFObuffer • Hard reset with low power function • Power down mode per software • Programmable timer • Unique serial number • Bit- and byte-oriented framing • Internal oscillator buffer to connect 13.56 MHz quartz, optimised for low phase jitter • 3.3 V to 5 V operation for transmitter (antenna driver) in short range and proximity applications • 3.3 V or 5V operation for the digital part 1.3 Applications The MF RC531 is tailored to fit the requirements of various applications using contactless communication based on ISO/IEC 14443 standard where cost-effectiveness, small size, high performance with a single voltage supply are important. 1.2 Features • Highly integrated analog circuitry to demodulate and decode card response • Buffered output drivers to connect an antenna with minimum number of external components • Public transport terminals • Proximity operating distance (up to 100 mm) • Handheld terminals • Supports ISO 14443 • On board units • Contactless PC terminals • Metering • Contactless public phones ® • Supports MIFARE Dual Interface Card ICs ® and supports MIFARE Classic protocol • Supports contactless communication with higher baudrates up to 424kHz 3 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 2 BLOCK DIAGRAM The block diagram shows the main internal parts of the MF RC531. operates in full transparent mode thus supporting all layers of ISO 14443 A& B. The parallel µController interface automatically detects the kind of 8 bit parallel interface connected to it. It includes a comfortable bidirectional FIFO buffer and a configurable interrupt output. This gives the flexibility to connect a variety of µC, even low cost devices, still meeting the requirements of high speed contactless transactions. The status and control part allows configuration of the device to adapt to environmental influences and to adjust to operate with best performance. ® For communication with MIFARE Classic ® ® products like MIFARE Standard or MIFARE Light a high speed CRYPTO 1 stream cipher unit and a secure non-volatile key memory is implemented. Additionally a SPI compatible interface will be supported. The MF RC531 acts as a slave during the SPI communication. The SPI clock SCK has to be generated by the master. The SPI interface includes a comfortable bi-directional FIFO buffer. The analog circuit includes a transmitting part with a very low impedance bridge driver output. This allows an operating distance up to 100mm. The receiver is able to detect and decode even very weak responses. Due to a highly sophisticated implementation the receiver is no longer a limiting factor for the operating distance. The Data processing part performs parallel serial conversion of the data. It supports framing including CRC and parity generation / checking. It MF RC531 Status and Control Data Bus Addr. Bus Control Lines Adress and Data Bus Data Processing Crypto1 Security & Key Memory Parallel Parallel/Serial µController Conversion CRC/Parity Generation &Status and Control Interface Check with FIFO Framing Generation & Buffer Check Data Processing Bit Coding and Decoding Parallel/Serial SPI Interface with FIFO Buffer Conversion CRC/Parity Generation & Check Framing Generation & Check Bit Coding and Decoding ® Analog Circuitry Integrated Demodulator, Bit-Decoder, Output Drivers MIFARE Classic ® MIFARE X Pro/Pro 443A O 14443B ISO 14 IS Figure 2-2: MF RC531 Block Diagram 4 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 3 MF RC531 PINNING 3.1 Pinning Diagram The device is packaged in a 32 pin SO-package. MF RC531 DVDD TVDD DVSS TVSS TX1 A0-A3 TX2 D0-D7 NRD AVDD NWR AVSS NCS RX ALE VMID IRQ AUX RST MFOUT XOUT MFIN XIN Figure 3-1: MF RC531 The device operates with 3 individual power supplies for best performance in terms of EMC behaviour and signal de-coupling. This gives outstanding RF performance and also maximum flexibility to adapt to different operating voltages of digital and analog part. 5 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 3.2 Pin Description 3.2.1 ANTENNA INTERFACE The contactless antenna interface basically uses four pins: Name Type Function TX1, TX2 O Buffered Antenna Drivers VMID Analog Reference Voltage RX I Analog Antenna Input Signal To drive the antenna the MF RC531 provides the energy carrier of 13.56 MHz through TX1 and TX2. This signal is modulated by the transmitting data according the register settings. The card responds with load modulation of the RF field. The resulting signal picked up by the antenna is coupled out from the antenna matching circuit and forwarded to the RX-pin. Inside the MF RC531 the receiver senses and demodulates the signal and processes it according to the register settings. Data is passed further on to the parallel interface where it is accessible by the µ-Controller. The MF RC531 uses a separate power supply for the driver stage. Name Type Function TVDD Power Transmitter Supply Voltage TGND Power Transmitter Supply Ground 3.2.2 ANALOG SUPPLY For best performance the MF RC531 analog part has a separate supply. It powers the oscillator, the analog demodulator and decoder circuitry. Name Type Function AVDD Power Analog Positive Supply Voltage AGND Power Analog Supply Ground 3.2.3 DIGITAL SUPPLY The MF RC531 uses a separate digital supply. Name Type Function DVDD Power Digital Positive Supply Voltage DGND Power Digital Supply Ground 3.2.4 AUXILLARY PIN Internal signals may be selected to drive this pin. It is used for design-in support and test purpose. 6 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 3.2.5 RESET PIN The reset pin disables internal current sources and clocks and detaches the MF RC531 virtually from the µC bus. If RST is released, the MF RC531 executes the power up sequence. 3.2.6 OSCILLATOR Name Type Function XIN I Oscillator Buffer Input XOUT O Oscillator Buffer Output The very fast on-chip oscillator buffer operates with a 13.56 MHz crystal connected to XIN and XOUT. If the device shall operate with an external clock it may be applied to pin XIN. 3.2.7 MIFARE INTERFACE ® The MF RC531 supports the active antenna concept of MIFARE . It may handles the base-band signals ® NPAUSE and KOMP of MIFARE Core Modules (MF CMxxx) at the pins MFIN and MFOUT. Name Type Function MFIN I with Schmitt Trigger MIFARE Interface Input MFOUT O MIFARE Interface Output ® ® ® The MIFARE interface may be used to communicate with either the analog or the digital part of the MF RC531 separately in the following ways: ® • The analog circuit may be used stand-alone via the MIFARE interface. In that case MFIN will be connected to the externally generated NPAUSE signal. The MFOUT pin provides the KOMP signal. • The digital circuit may be used to drive an external analog circuit via the MIFARE interface. In that case the MFOUT pin provides the internally generated NPAUSE signal and MFIN will be connected to the KOMP signal from the outside. ® 3.2.8 PARALLEL INTERFACE 16 pins control the parallel interface: Name Type Function D0 … D7 I/O with Schmitt Trigger Bi-directional Data Bus A0 … A2 I/O with Schmitt Trigger Address Lines NWR / RNW I/O with Schmitt Trigger Not Write / Read Not Write NRD / NDS I/O with Schmitt Trigger Not Read / Not Data Strobe NCS I/O with Schmitt Trigger Not Chip Select ALE I/O with Schmitt Trigger Address Latch Enable IRQ O Interrupt Request 7 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 3.2.9 SPI COMPATIBLE INTERFACE 4 pins control the SPI compatible interface. Name Type Function A0 I/O with Schmitt Trigger MOSI, master to slave communication A2 I/O with Schmitt Trigger SCK, clock to be generated by the master D0 I/O with Schmitt Trigger MISO, slave to master communication ALE I/O with Schmitt Trigger NSS, enables the SPI communication 3.3 Applications 3.3.1 CONNECTING DIFFERENT µCONTROLLER'S The MF RC531 supports different parallel µC interfaces and a SPI compatible interface. An intelligent autodetection logic automatically adapts the parallel interface to the respective bus system. Selection of the device is performed with signal NCS. To connect µ-Controllers using separated address and data bus pin ALE has to be connected to DVDD. To connect µ-Controllers using multiplexed address and data bus pin ALE has to be connected to the signal ALE of the µ-Controller To connect µ-Controllers using RNW and NDS (instead of NWR and NRD) the µ-Controller’s RNW has to be connected to pin NWR and NDS to pin NRD. 8 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 3.3.2 APPLICATION EXAMPLE TVDD AVDD DVDD RST TX1 NCS, NRD, NWR ALE Antenna µController DA0 ... DA7 MF RC531 IRQ SO 32 TX2 RX VMID XOUT XIN TGND AGND DGND Figure 3-2: MF RC531; Principle circuit for short distance 9 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 ® 4 MIFARE CLASSIC RELATED ITEMS 4.1 CRYPTO I: Card Authentication communication status flags. If communication so far has been successful the second part of the authentication procedure can be started. For correct authentication of MIFARE Classic products the fast CRYPTO 1 stream cipher is available. The corresponding keys have to be programmed into the secure non-volatile key memory of the MF RC531. 4.1.2 SECOND PART OF CARD AUTHENTICATION Data to be transmitted to the card in this phase are generated automatically by the internal CRYPTO 1 unit inside the MF RC531. To request this action the according command has to be triggered. Only two commands need to be sent by application software to turn on CRYPTO 1 secured communication. 4.1.1 INITIATING CARD AUTHENTICATION The card will respond with the second message token. Then the communication status flags have to be checked by the µ-Controller. If authentication has been successful further communication with a MIFARE Classic card continues CRYPTO 1 enciphered. The correct key for the authentication has to be selected from the secure internal non-volatile key memory and loaded into the internal CRYPTO1 register. Next the authentication command is transmitted to the card. After receiving the first message token from the card, the µ-Controller has to check the 10 PUBLIC Philips Semiconductors Short From Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002 ISO 14443 Reader IC MF RC531 5 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION 5.1 DC Characteristics SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Voltage Supply 4.5 5.0 5.5 3.0 3.3 3.6 Analog Supply Voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Transmitter Supply Voltage 3.3 5.0 5.5 V DVDD Digital Supply Voltage AVDD TVDD V Current Consumption IDVDD Operating Digital Supply Current Idle Command 6 mA IAVDD Operating Analog Supply Current Idle Command, Receiver On 25 mA ITVDD Operating Buffered Antenna Driver Supply Current continuous wave 50 mA 5.2 Start up Characteristics Mode CONDITIONS Current UNIT Time UNIT < 1000 µs Startup times and current consumption Power on - Hard Reset via Reset Pin 1 µA < 1000 µs Soft Reset via Register Setting 1 µA < 1000 µs 11 - PUBLIC Definitions Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics section of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. Life support applications These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so on their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. 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