SC16C550B 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 Product data sheet 1. General description The SC16C550B is a Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter (UART) used for serial data communications. Its principal function is to convert parallel data into serial data, and vice versa. The UART can handle serial data rates up to 3 Mbit/s. The SC16C550B is pin compatible with the ST16C550, TL16C550 and PC16C550, and it will power-up to be functionally equivalent to the 16C450. The SC16C550B also provides DMA mode data transfers through FIFO trigger levels and the TXRDY and RXRDY signals (TXRDY and RXRDY are not supported in the HVQFN32 package). On-board status registers provide the user with error indications, operational status, and modem interface control. System interrupts may be tailored to meet user requirements. An internal loopback capability allows on-board diagnostics. The SC16C550B operates at 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V, and the Industrial temperature range, and is available in plastic HVQFN32, DIP40, PLCC44 and LQFP48 packages. 2. Features n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n 1. 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V operation Industrial temperature range After reset, all registers are identical to the typical 16C450 register set Capable of running with all existing generic 16C450 software Pin compatibility with the industry-standard ST16C450/550, TL16C450/550, PC16C450/550 Up to 3 Mbit/s transmit/receive operation at 5 V, 2 Mbit/s at 3.3 V, and 1 Mbit/s at 2.5 V 5 V tolerant on input only pins1 16 byte transmit FIFO 16 byte receive FIFO with error flags Programmable auto-RTS and auto-CTS u In auto-CTS mode, CTS controls transmitter u In auto-RTS mode, RX FIFO contents and threshold control RTS Automatic hardware flow control Software selectable baud rate generator Four selectable Receive FIFO interrupt trigger levels Standard modem interface Standard asynchronous error and framing bits (Start, Stop, and Parity Overrun Break) Independent receiver clock input Transmit, Receive, Line Status, and Data Set interrupts independently controlled For data bus pins D7 to D0, see Table 24 “Limiting values”. SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs n Fully programmable character formatting: u 5, 6, 7, or 8-bit characters u Even, odd, or no-parity formats u 1, 11⁄2, or 2-stop bit u Baud generation (up to 3 Mbit/s) n False start-bit detection n Complete status reporting capabilities n 3-state output TTL drive capabilities for bidirectional data bus and control bus n Line break generation and detection n Internal diagnostic capabilities: u Loopback controls for communications link fault isolation n Prioritized interrupt system controls n Modem control functions (CTS, RI, DCD, DSR, DTR, RTS) 3. Ordering information Table 1. Ordering information Industrial: VDD = 2.5 V, 3.3 V or 5 V ± 10 %; Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C. Type number Package Name Description Version SC16C550BIA44 PLCC44 plastic leaded chip carrier; 44 leads SOT187-2 SC16C550BIBS HVQFN32 plastic thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads; 32 terminals; body 5 × 5 × 0.85 mm SOT617-1 SC16C550BIB48 LQFP48 plastic low profile quad flat package; 48 leads; body 7 × 7 × 1.4 mm SOT313-2 SC16C550BIN40 DIP40 plastic dual in-line package; 40 leads (600 mil) SOT129-1 SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 2 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 4. Block diagram SC16C550B A0 to A2 CS0, CS1, CS2 AS DATA BUS AND CONTROL LOGIC REGISTER SELECT LOGIC INTERCONNECT BUS LINES AND CONTROL SIGNALS D0 to D7 IOR, IOR IOW, IOW RESET TRANSMIT FIFO REGISTERS TRANSMIT SHIFT REGISTER TX RECEIVE FIFO REGISTERS RECEIVE SHIFT REGISTER RX DDIS DTR RTS OUT1, OUT2 INT TXRDY RXRDY INTERRUPT CONTROL LOGIC CLOCK AND BAUD RATE GENERATOR MODEM CONTROL LOGIC CTS RI DCD DSR 002aaa585 XTAL1 RCLK Fig 1. XTAL2 BAUDOUT Block diagram of SC16C550B SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 3 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 5. Pinning information 40 CTS 41 DSR 42 DCD 43 RI n.c. 1 44 VDD D1 D0 D2 4 2 D3 5 3 D4 6 5.1 Pinning D5 7 39 RESET D6 8 38 OUT1 D7 9 37 DTR RCLK 10 36 RTS RX 11 35 OUT2 SC16C550BIA44 n.c. 12 34 n.c. TX 13 33 INT AS 28 TXRDY 27 IOR 25 DDIS 26 n.c. 23 IOR 24 002aaa582 25 DSR 26 DCD 27 RI 28 VDD 29 D0 30 D1 32 D3 terminal 1 index area 31 D2 Pin configuration for PLCC44 D4 1 24 CTS n.c. 2 23 RESET D5 3 22 DTR D6 4 D7 5 RX 6 19 A0 TX 7 18 A1 CS 8 17 A2 21 RTS 20 INT n.c. 16 n.c. 15 IOR 14 VSS 13 IOW 12 XTAL2 11 VSS 9 SC16C550BIBS XTAL1 10 Fig 2. VSS 22 29 A2 IOW 21 30 A1 BAUDOUT 17 IOW 20 31 A0 CS2 16 XTAL2 19 32 RXRDY CS1 15 XTAL1 18 CS0 14 002aab556 Transparent top view Fig 3. Pin configuration for HVQFN32 SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 4 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 37 n.c. 38 CTS 39 DSR 40 DCD 41 RI 42 VDD 43 D0 44 D1 45 D2 46 D3 47 D4 48 n.c. 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs n.c. 1 36 n.c. D5 2 35 RESET D6 3 34 OUT1 D7 4 33 DTR RCLK 5 32 RTS n.c. 6 RX 7 TX 8 29 RXRDY CS0 9 28 A0 CS1 10 27 A1 CS2 11 26 A2 31 OUT2 SC16C550BIB48 30 INT BAUDOUT 12 AS 24 TXRDY 23 DDIS 22 n.c. 21 IOR 20 IOR 19 VSS 18 IOW 17 IOW 16 XTAL2 15 n.c. 13 Fig 4. XTAL1 14 25 n.c. 002aaa583 Pin configuration for LQFP48 D0 1 40 VDD D1 2 39 RI D2 3 38 DCD D3 4 37 DSR D4 5 36 CTS D5 6 35 RESET D6 7 34 OUT1 D7 8 33 DTR RCLK 9 32 RTS RX 10 TX 11 SC16C550BIN40 31 OUT2 30 INT CS0 12 29 RXRDY CS1 13 28 A0 CS2 14 27 A1 BAUDOUT 15 26 A2 XTAL1 16 25 AS XTAL2 17 24 TXRDY IOW 18 23 DDIS IOW 19 22 IOR VSS 20 21 IOR 002aaa584 Fig 5. Pin configuration for DIP40 SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 5 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 5.2 Pin description Table 2. Symbol Pin description Pin Type Description I Register select. A2 to A0 are used during read and write operations to select the UART register to read from or write to. Refer to Table 3 for register addresses and refer to AS description. PLCC44 LQFP48 DIP40 HVQFN32 A0 31 28 28 19 A1 30 27 27 18 A2 29 26 26 17 AS 28 24 25 - I Address strobe. When AS is active (LOW), A0, A1, and A2 and CS0, CS1, and CS2 drive the internal select logic directly; when AS is HIGH, the register select and chip select signals are held at the logic levels they were in when the LOW-to-HIGH transition of AS occurred. BAUDOUT 17 12 15 - O Baud out. BAUDOUT is a 16× clock signal for the transmitter section of the UART. The clock rate is established by the reference oscillator frequency divided by a divisor specified in the baud generator divisor latches. BAUDOUT may also be used for the receiver section by tying this output to RCLK. In HVQFN32 package BAUDOUT and RCLK are bonded internally. CS0[2] 14 9 12 - I CS1[2] 15 10 13 - CS2[2] 16 11 14 - Chip select. When CS0 and CS1 are HIGH and CS2 is LOW, these three inputs select the UART. When any of these inputs are inactive, the UART remains inactive (refer to AS description). CS[2] - - - 8 CTS[2] 40 38 36 24 I Clear to send. CTS is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 4 (CTS) of the Modem Status Register. Bit 0 (CTS) of the Modem Status Register indicates that CTS has changed states since the last read from the Modem Status Register. If the modem status interrupt is enabled when CTS changes levels and the auto-CTS mode is not enabled, an interrupt is generated. This pin has no effect on the UART’s transmit or receive operation. D7 to D0 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 4, 3, 2, 47, 46, 45, 44, 43 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 5, 4, 3, 1, 32, 31, 30, 29 I/O Data bus. Eight data lines with 3-state outputs provide a bidirectional path for data, control and status information between the UART and the CPU. DCD[2] 42 40 38 26 I Data carrier detect. DCD is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 7 (DCD) of the Modem Status Register. Bit 3 (DCD) of the Modem Status Register indicates that DCD has changed states since the last read from the Modem Status Register. If the modem status interrupt is enabled when DCD changes levels, an interrupt is generated. DDIS 26 22 23 - O Driver disable. DDIS is active (LOW) when the CPU is reading data. When inactive (HIGH), DDIS can disable an external transceiver. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 6 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Table 2. Symbol Pin description …continued Pin Type Description PLCC44 LQFP48 DIP40 HVQFN32 DSR[2] 41 39 37 25 I Data set ready. DSR is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 5 (DSR) of the Modem Status Register. Bit 1 (DSR) of the Modem Status Register indicates DSR has changed levels since the last read from the Modem Status Register. If the modem status interrupt is enabled when DSR changes levels, an interrupt is generated. DTR 37 33 33 22 O Data terminal ready. When active (LOW), DTR informs a modem or data set that the UART is ready to establish communication. DTR is placed in the active level by setting the DTR bit of the Modem Control Register. DTR is placed in the inactive level either as a result of a Master Reset, during loopback mode operation, or clearing the DTR bit. INT 33 30 30 20 O Interrupt. When active (HIGH), INT informs the CPU that the UART has an interrupt to be serviced. Four conditions that cause an interrupt to be issued are: a receiver error, received data that is available or timed out (FIFO mode only), an empty Transmitter Holding Register or an enabled modem status interrupt. INT is reset (deactivated) either when the interrupt is serviced or as a result of a Master Reset. n.c. 1, 12, 23, 34 1, 6, 13, 21, 25, 36, 37, 48 2, 15, 16 - not connected OUT1 38 34 34 - O OUT2 35 31 31 - Outputs 1 and 2. These are user-designated output terminals that are set to the active (LOW) level by setting respective Modem Control Register (MCR) bits (OUT1 and OUT2). OUT1 and OUT2 are set to inactive the (HIGH) level as a result of Master Reset, during loopback mode operations, or by clearing bit 2 (OUT1) or bit 3 (OUT2) of the MCR. RCLK 10 5 9 - I Receiver clock. RCLK is the 16× baud rate clock for the receiver section of the UART. In the HVQFN32 package, BAUDOUT and RCLK are bonded internally. IOR 25 20 22 - I IOR[2] 24 19 21 14 Read inputs. When either IOR or IOR is active (LOW or HIGH, respectively) while the UART is selected, the CPU is allowed to read status information or data from a selected UART register. Only one of these inputs is required for the transfer of data during a read operation; the other input should be tied to its inactive level (that is, IOR tied LOW or IOR tied HIGH). RESET 39 35 35 23 I Master reset. When active (HIGH), RESET clears most UART registers and sets the levels of various output signals. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 7 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Table 2. Symbol Pin description …continued Pin Type Description PLCC44 LQFP48 DIP40 HVQFN32 RI[2] 43 41 39 27 I Ring indicator. RI is a modem status signal. Its condition can be checked by reading bit 6 (RI) of the Modem Status Register. Bit 2 (∆RI) of the Modem Status Register indicates that RI has changed from a LOW to a HIGH level since the last read from the Modem Status Register. If the modem status interrupt is enabled when this transition occurs, an interrupt is generated. RTS 36 32 32 21 O Request to send. When active, RTS informs the modem or data set that the UART is ready to receive data. RTS is set to the active level by setting the RTS Modem Control Register bit and is set to the inactive (HIGH) level either as a result of a Master Reset or during loopback mode operations or by clearing bit 1 (RTS) of the MCR. This pin has no effect on the UART’s transmit or receive operation. RXRDY 32 29 29 - O Receiver ready. Receiver Direct Memory Access (DMA) signaling is available with RXRDY. When operating in the FIFO mode, one of two types of DMA signaling can be selected using the FIFO Control Register bit 3 (FCR[3]). When operating in the 16C450 mode, only DMA mode 0 is allowed. Mode 0 supports single-transfer DMA in which a transfer is made between CPU bus cycles. Mode 1 supports multi-transfer DMA in which multiple transfers are made continuously until the receiver FIFO has been emptied. In DMA mode 0 (FCR[0] = 0 or FCR[0] = 1, FCR[3] = 0), when there is at least one character in the receiver FIFO or Receiver Holding Register, RXRDY is active (LOW). When RXRDY has been active but there are no characters in the FIFO or holding register, RXRDY goes inactive (HIGH). In DMA mode 1 (FCR[0] = 1, FCR[3] = 1), when the trigger level or the time-out has been reached, RXRDY goes active (LOW); when it has been active but there are no more characters in the FIFO or holding register, it goes inactive (HIGH). This function does not exist in the HVQFN32 package. RX 11 7 10 6 I Serial data input. RX is serial data input from a connected communications device. TX 13 8 11 7 O Serial data output. TX is composite serial data output to a connected communication device. TX is set to the marking (HIGH) level as a result of Master Reset. TXRDY 27 23 24 - O Transmitter ready. Transmitter DMA signaling is available with TXRDY. When operating in the FIFO mode, one of two types of DMA signaling can be selected using FCR[3]. When operating in the 16C450 mode, only DMA mode 0 is allowed. Mode 0 supports single-transfer DMA in which a transfer is made between CPU bus cycles. Mode 1 supports multi-transfer DMA in which multiple transfers are made continuously until the transmit FIFO has been filled. This function does not exist in the HVQFN32 package. VDD 44 42 40 28 power 2.5 V, 3.3 V or 5 V supply voltage. power Ground voltage. VSS 22 18 20 9, 13[1] SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 8 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Table 2. Symbol Pin description …continued Pin Type Description I Write inputs. When either IOW or IOW is active (LOW or HIGH, respectively) and while the UART is selected, the CPU is allowed to write control words or data into a selected UART register. Only one of these inputs is required to transfer data during a write operation; the other input should be tied to its inactive level (that is, IOW tied LOW or IOW tied HIGH). PLCC44 LQFP48 DIP40 HVQFN32 IOW 21 17 19 - IOW[2] 20 16 18 12 XTAL1 18 14 16 10 I Crystal connection or External clock input. XTAL2[3] 19 15 17 11 O Crystal connection or the inversion of XTAL1 if XTAL1 is driven. [1] HVQFN32 package die supply ground is connected to both the VSS pin and the exposed center pad. The VSS pin must be connected to supply ground for proper device operation. For enhanced thermal, electrical, and board-level performance, the exposed pad needs to be soldered to the board using a corresponding thermal pad on the board, and for proper heat conduction through the board thermal vias need to be incorporated in the Printed-Circuit Board (PCB) in the thermal pad region. [2] This pin has a pull-up resistor. [3] In Sleep mode, XTAL2 is left floating. 6. Functional description The SC16C550B provides serial asynchronous receive data synchronization, parallel-to-serial and serial-to-parallel data conversions for both the transmitter and receiver sections. These functions are necessary for converting the serial data stream into parallel data that is required with digital data systems. Synchronization for the serial data stream is accomplished by adding start and stop bits to the transmit data to form a data character (character orientated protocol). Data integrity is insured by attaching a parity bit to the data character. The parity bit is checked by the receiver for any transmission bit errors. The SC16C550B is fabricated with an advanced CMOS process to achieve low drain power and high speed requirements. The SC16C550B is an upward solution that provides 16 bytes of transmit and receive FIFO memory, instead of none in the 16C450. The SC16C550B is designed to work with high speed modems and shared network environments that require fast data processing time. Increased performance is realized in the SC16C550B by the larger transmit and receive FIFOs. This allows the external processor to handle more networking tasks within a given time. In addition, the four selectable levels of FIFO trigger interrupt are provided for maximum data throughput performance, especially when operating in a multi-channel environment. The combination of the above greatly reduces the bandwidth requirement of the external controlling CPU, increases performance, and reduces power consumption. The SC16C550B is capable of operation up to 3 Mbit/s with a 48 MHz external clock input (at 5 V). SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 9 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 6.1 Internal registers The SC16C550B provides 12 internal registers for monitoring and control. These registers are shown in Table 3. These registers function as data holding registers (THR/RHR), interrupt status and control registers (IER/ISR), a FIFO Control Register (FCR), line status and control registers (LCR/LSR), modem status and control registers (MCR/MSR), programmable data rate (clock) control registers (DLL/DLM), and a user accessible scratchpad register (SPR). Register functions are more fully described in the following paragraphs. Table 3. A2 Internal registers decoding A1 A0 Read mode Write mode General register set (THR/RHR, IER/ISR, MCR/MSR, FCR/LSR, SPR)[1] 0 0 0 Receive Holding Register Transmit Holding Register 0 0 1 Interrupt Enable Register Interrupt Enable Register 0 1 0 Interrupt Status Register FIFO Control Register 0 1 1 Line Control Register Line Control Register 1 0 0 Modem Control Register Modem Control Register 1 0 1 Line Status Register n/a 1 1 0 Modem Status Register n/a 1 1 1 Scratchpad Register Scratchpad Register Baud rate register set (DLL/DLM)[2] 0 0 0 LSB of Divisor Latch LSB of Divisor Latch 0 0 1 MSB of Divisor Latch MSB of Divisor Latch [1] These registers are accessible only when LCR[7] is a logic 0. [2] These registers are accessible only when LCR[7] is a logic 1. 6.2 FIFO operation The 16-byte transmit and receive data FIFOs are enabled by the FIFO Control Register bit 0 (FCR[0]). With 16C550 devices, the user can set the receive trigger level, but not the transmit trigger level. The receiver FIFO section includes a time-out function to ensure data is delivered to the external CPU. An interrupt is generated whenever the Receive Holding Register (RHR) has not been read following the loading of a character or the receive trigger level has not been reached. Table 4. Flow control mechanism Selected trigger level (characters) INT pin activation Negate RTS Assert RTS 1 1 1 0 4 4 4 0 8 8 8 0 14 14 14 0 SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 10 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 6.3 Autoflow control Autoflow control is comprised of auto-CTS and auto-RTS (see Figure 6). With auto-CTS, the CTS input must be active before the transmitter FIFO can emit data. With auto-RTS, RTS becomes active when the receiver needs more data and notifies the sending serial device. When RTS is connected to CTS, data transmission does not occur unless the receiver FIFO has space for the data; thus, overrun errors are eliminated using UART 1 and UART 2 from a SC16C550B with the autoflow control enabled. If not, overrun errors occur when the transmit data rate exceeds the receiver FIFO read latency. UART 1 SERIAL TO PARALLEL UART 2 RX TX PARALLEL TO SERIAL RX FIFO TX FIFO FLOW CONTROL RTS CTS FLOW CONTROL D7 to D0 D7 to D0 PARALLEL TO SERIAL TX RX SERIAL TO PARALLEL TX FIFO RX FIFO FLOW CONTROL CTS RTS FLOW CONTROL 002aaa228 Fig 6. Autoflow control (auto-RTS and auto-CTS) example 6.3.1 Auto-RTS Auto-RTS data flow control originates in the receiver timing and control block (refer to Figure 1 “Block diagram of SC16C550B”) and is linked to the programmed receiver FIFO trigger level (see Figure 6). When the receiver FIFO level reaches a trigger level of 1, 4, or 8 (see Figure 8), RTS is de-asserted. With trigger levels of 1, 4, and 8, the sending UART may send an additional byte after the trigger level is reached (assuming the sending UART has another byte to send) because it may not recognize the de-assertion of RTS until after it has begun sending the additional byte. RTS is automatically reasserted once the RX FIFO is emptied by reading the receiver buffer register. When the trigger level is 14 (see Figure 9), RTS is de-asserted after the first data bit of the 16th character is present on the RX line. RTS is reasserted when the RX FIFO has at least one available byte space. 6.3.2 Auto-CTS The transmitter circuitry checks CTS before sending the next data byte (see Figure 6). When CTS is active, it sends the next byte. To stop the transmitter from sending the following byte, CTS must be released before the middle of the last stop bit that is currently being sent (see Figure 7). The auto-CTS function reduces interrupts to the host system. When flow control is enabled, CTS level changes do not trigger host interrupts because the device automatically controls its own transmitter. Without auto-CTS, the transmitter sends any data present in the transmit FIFO and a receiver overrun error may result. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 11 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 6.3.3 Enabling autoflow control and auto-CTS Autoflow control is enabled by setting MCR[5] and MCR[1]. Table 5. Enabling autoflow control and auto-CTS MCR[5] MCR[1] Selection 1 1 auto RTS and CTS 1 0 auto CTS 0 X disable 6.3.4 Auto-CTS and auto-RTS functional timing TX Start bits 0 to 7 Stop Start bits 0 to 7 Stop Start bits 0 to 7 Stop CTS 002aaa049 (1) When CTS is LOW, the transmitter keeps sending serial data out. (2) If CTS goes HIGH before the middle of the last stop bit of the current byte, the transmitter finishes sending the current byte, but it does not send the next byte. (3) When CTS goes from HIGH to LOW, the transmitter begins sending data again. Fig 7. CTS functional timing waveforms The receiver FIFO trigger level can be set to 1, 4, 8, or 14 bytes. These are described in Figure 8 and Figure 9. RX Start byte N Stop Start byte N + 1 Stop Start byte Stop RTS 1 IOR 2 N N+1 002aaa050 (1) N = RX FIFO trigger level (1, 4, or 8 bytes). (2) The two blocks in dashed lines cover the case where an additional byte is sent as described in Section 6.3.1. Fig 8. RTS functional timing waveforms, RX FIFO trigger level = 1, 4, or 8 bytes SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 12 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs RX byte 14 byte 15 Start byte 16 Stop Start byte 18 Stop RTS released after the first data bit of byte 16 RTS IOR 002aaa051 (1) RTS is de-asserted when the receiver receives the first data bit of the sixteenth byte. The receive FIFO is full after finishing the sixteenth byte. (2) RTS is asserted again when there is at least one byte of space available and no incoming byte is in processing, or there is more than one byte of space available. (3) When the receive FIFO is full, the first receive buffer register read re-asserts RTS. Fig 9. RTS functional timing waveforms, RX FIFO trigger level = 14 bytes 6.4 Hardware/software and time-out interrupts Following a reset, the transmitter interrupt is enabled, the SC16C550B will issue an interrupt to indicate that the Transmit Holding Register is empty. This interrupt must be serviced prior to continuing operations. The ISR register provides the current singular highest priority interrupt only. Only after servicing the higher pending interrupt will the lower priority be reflected in the status register. Servicing the interrupt without investigating further interrupt conditions can result in data errors. When two interrupt conditions have the same priority, it is important to service these interrupts correctly. Receive Data Ready and Receive Time-Out have the same interrupt priority (when enabled by IER[0]). The receiver issues an interrupt after the number of characters have reached the programmed trigger level. In this case, the SC16C550B FIFO may hold more characters than the programmed trigger level. Following the removal of a data byte, the user should re-check LSR[0] for additional characters. A Receive Time-Out will not occur if the receive FIFO is empty. The time-out counter is reset at the center of each stop bit received or each time the Receive Holding Register (RHR) is read. The actual time-out value is 4 character time, including data information length, start bit, parity bit, and the size of stop bit, that is, 1×, 1.5×, or 2× bit times. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 13 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 6.5 Programmable baud rate generator The SC16C550B supports high speed modem technologies that have increased input data rates by employing data compression schemes. For example, a 33.6 kbit/s modem that employs data compression may require a 115.2 kbit/s input data rate. A 128.0 kbit/s ISDN modem that supports data compression may need an input data rate of 460.8 kbit/s. The SC16C550B can support a standard data rate of 921.6 kbit/s. A single baud rate generator is provided for the transmitter and receiver, allowing independent TX/RX channel control. The programmable baud rate generator is capable of accepting an input clock up to 48 MHz, as required for supporting a 3 Mbit/s data rate. The SC16C550B can be configured for internal or external clock operation. For internal clock oscillator operation, an industry standard microprocessor crystal is connected externally between the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins (see Figure 10). Alternatively, an external clock can be connected to the XTAL1 pin to clock the internal baud rate generator for standard or custom rates (see Table 6). XTAL1 XTAL2 X1 1.8432 MHz C1 22 pF XTAL1 XTAL2 X1 1.8432 MHz C2 33 pF C1 22 pF 1.5 kΩ C2 47 pF 002aaa870 Fig 10. Crystal oscillator connection The generator divides the input 16× clock by any divisor from 1 to (216 − 1). The SC16C550B divides the basic crystal or external clock by 16. The frequency of the BAUDOUT output pin is exactly 16× (16 times) the selected baud rate (BAUDOUT = 16 × baud rate). Customized baud rates can be achieved by selecting the proper divisor values for the MSB and LSB sections of the baud rate generator. Programming the baud rate generator registers DLM (MSB) and DLL (LSB) provides a user capability for selecting the desired final baud rate. The examples in Table 6 shows selectable baud rates when using a 1.8432 MHz crystal. For custom baud rates, the divisor value can be calculated using the following equation: XTAL1 clock frequency divisor ( in decimal ) = ---------------------------------------------------------------serial data rate × 16 SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet (1) © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 14 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Table 6. Baud rates using 1.8432 MHz or 3.072 MHz crystal Using 1.8432 MHz crystal Desired baud Divisor for rate 16× clock Using 3.072 MHz crystal Baud rate error Desired baud Divisor for rate 16× clock Baud rate error 50 2304 50 3840 75 1536 75 2560 110 1047 0.026 110 1745 0.026 134.5 857 0.058 134.5 1428 0.034 150 768 150 1280 300 384 300 640 600 192 600 320 1200 96 1200 160 1800 64 1800 107 2000 58 2000 96 2400 48 2400 80 3600 32 3600 53 4800 24 4800 40 7200 16 7200 27 9600 12 9600 20 19200 6 19200 10 38400 3 38400 5 56000 2 0.69 0.312 0.628 1.23 2.86 6.6 DMA operation The SC16C550B FIFO trigger level provides additional flexibility to the user for block mode operation. The user can optionally operate the transmit and receive FIFOs in the DMA mode (FCR[3]). The DMA mode affects the state of the RXRDY and TXRDY output pins. Table 7 and Table 8 show this. Remark: DMA operation is not supported in the HVQFN32 package. Table 7. Effect of DMA mode on state of RXRDY pin Non-DMA mode DMA mode 1 = FIFO empty 0-to-1 transition when FIFO empties 0 = at least 1 byte in FIFO 1-to-0 transition when FIFO reaches trigger level, or time-out occurs Table 8. Effect of DMA mode on state of TXRDY pin Non-DMA mode DMA mode 1 = at least 1 byte in FIFO 1 = FIFO is full 0 = FIFO empty 0 = FIFO is empty SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 15 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 6.7 Loopback mode The internal loopback capability allows on-board diagnostics. In the loopback mode, the normal modem interface pins are disconnected and reconfigured for loopback internally. MCR[3:0] register bits are used for controlling loopback diagnostic testing. In the loopback mode, OUT1 (bit 2) and OUT2 (bit 3) in the MCR register control the modem RI and DCD inputs, respectively. MCR signals DTR and RTS (bits 0:1) are used to control the modem CTS and DSR inputs, respectively. The transmitter output (TX) and the receiver input (RX) are disconnected from their associated interface pins, and instead are connected together internally (see Figure 11). The inputs CTS, DSR, DCD, and RI are disconnected from their normal modem control input pins, and instead are connected internally to DTR, RTS, OUT1 and OUT2. Loopback test data is entered into the transmit holding register via the user data bus interface, D0 to D7. The transmit UART serializes the data and passes the serial data to the receive UART via the internal loopback connection. The receive UART converts the serial data back into parallel data that is then made available at the user data interface D0 to D7. The user optionally compares the received data to the initial transmitted data for verifying error-free operation of the UART TX/RX circuits. In this mode, the receiver and transmitter interrupts are fully operational. The Modem Control Interrupts are also operational. However, the interrupts can only be read using the lower four bits of the Modem Status Register (MSR[3:0]) instead of the four Modem Status Register bits 7:4. The interrupts are still controlled by the IER. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 16 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs SC16C550B D0 to D7 IOR, IOR IOW, IOW RESET TRANSMIT FIFO REGISTERS TRANSMIT SHIFT REGISTER TX DATA BUS AND CONTROL LOGIC A0 to A2 CS0, CS1, CS2 AS REGISTER SELECT LOGIC INTERCONNECT BUS LINES AND CONTROL SIGNALS MCR[4] = 1 RECEIVE FIFO REGISTERS RECEIVE SHIFT REGISTER RX RTS DDIS CTS DTR MODEM CONTROL LOGIC INT TXRDY RXRDY INTERRUPT CONTROL LOGIC DSR OUT1 CLOCK AND BAUD RATE GENERATOR RI OUT2 DCD 002aaa587 XTAL1 RCLK XTAL2 BAUDOUT Fig 11. Internal loopback mode diagram SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 17 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7. Register descriptions Table 9 details the assigned bit functions for the twelve SC16C550B internal registers. The assigned bit functions are more fully defined in Section 7.1 through Section 7.10. Table 9. SC16C550B internal registers A2 A1 A0 Register Default Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 [1] General Register Set[2] 0 0 0 RHR XX bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 0 0 0 THR XX bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 0 0 1 IER 00 modem status interrupt receive transmit line status holding interrupt register 0 1 0 FCR 00 RX trigger (MSB) RX trigger (LSB) reserved reserved DMA mode select[3] TX FIFO reset RX FIFO FIFO reset enable 0 1 0 ISR 01 FIFOs enabled FIFOs enabled 0 INT priority bit 2 INT priority bit 1 INT priority bit 0 INT status 0 1 1 LCR 00 divisor latch enable set break set parity even parity parity enable stop bits word length bit 1 word length bit 0 1 0 0 MCR 00 reserved auto flow loopback control enable OUT2[4] OUT1[3] RTS DTR 1 0 1 LSR 60 FIFO data error transmit holding empty break interrupt framing error parity error overrun error receive data ready 1 1 0 MSR X0 DCD RI DSR CTS ∆DCD ∆RI ∆DSR ∆CTS 1 1 1 SPR FF bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 Special Register transmit empty 0 receive holding register Set[5] 0 0 0 DLL XX bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 0 0 1 DLM XX bit 15 bit 14 bit 13 bit 12 bit 11 bit 10 bit 9 bit 8 [1] The value shown represents the register’s initialized hexadecimal value; X = not applicable. [2] These registers are accessible only when LCR[7] is set to a logic 0. [3] These functions are not supported in the HVQFN32 package, and should not be written. [4] OUT2 pin is not supported in the HVQFN32 package. [5] The Special Register set is accessible only when LCR[7] is set to a logic 1. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 18 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.1 Transmit Holding Register (THR) and Receive Holding Register (RHR) The serial transmitter section consists of an 8-bit Transmit Holding Register (THR) and Transmit Shift Register (TSR). The status of the THR is provided in the Line Status Register (LSR). Writing to the THR transfers the contents of the data bus (D[7:0]) to the THR, providing that the THR or TSR is empty. The THR empty flag in the LSR register will be set to a logic 1 when the transmitter is empty or when data is transferred to the TSR. Note that a write operation can be performed when the THR empty flag is set (logic 0 = FIFO full; logic 1 = at least one FIFO location available). The serial receive section also contains an 8-bit Receive Holding Register (RHR). Receive data is removed from the SC16C550B and receive FIFO by reading the RHR register. The receive section provides a mechanism to prevent false starts. On the falling edge of a start or false start bit, an internal receiver counter starts counting clocks at the 16× clock rate. After 71⁄2 clocks, the start bit time should be shifted to the center of the start bit. At this time the start bit is sampled, and if it is still a logic 0 it is validated. Evaluating the start bit in this manner prevents the receiver from assembling a false character. Receiver status codes will be posted in the LSR. 7.2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER) The Interrupt Enable Register (IER) masks the interrupts from receiver ready, transmitter empty, line status and modem status registers. These interrupts would normally be seen on the INT output pin. Table 10. Interrupt Enable Register bits description Bit Symbol Description 7:4 IER[7:4] not used 3 IER[3] Modem Status Interrupt. logic 0 = disable the modem status register interrupt (normal default condition) logic 1 = enable the modem status register interrupt 2 IER[2] Receive Line Status interrupt. This interrupt will be issued whenever a fully assembled receive character is transferred from RSR to the RHR/FIFO, that is, data ready, LSR[0]. logic 0 = disable the receiver line status interrupt (normal default condition) logic 1 = enable the receiver line status interrupt 1 IER[1] Transmit Holding Register interrupt. This interrupt will be issued whenever the THR is empty, and is associated with LSR[1]. logic 0 = disable the transmitter empty interrupt (normal default condition) logic 1 = enable the transmitter empty interrupt 0 IER[0] Receive Holding Register interrupt. This interrupt will be issued when the FIFO has reached the programmed trigger level, or is cleared when the FIFO drops below the trigger level in the FIFO mode of operation. logic 0 = disable the receiver ready interrupt (normal default condition) logic 1 = enable the receiver ready interrupt SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 19 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.2.1 IER versus Receive FIFO interrupt mode operation When the receive FIFO (FCR[0] = logic 1), and receive interrupts (IER[0] = logic 1) are enabled, the receive interrupts and register status will reflect the following: • The receive data available interrupts are issued to the external CPU when the FIFO has reached the programmed trigger level. It will be cleared when the FIFO drops below the programmed trigger level. • FIFO status will also be reflected in the user accessible ISR register when the FIFO trigger level is reached. Both the ISR register status bit and the interrupt will be cleared when the FIFO drops below the trigger level. • The data ready bit (LSR[0]) is set as soon as a character is transferred from the shift register to the receive FIFO. It is reset when the FIFO is empty. 7.2.2 IER versus Receive/Transmit FIFO polled mode operation When FCR[0] = logic 1, resetting IER[0:3] enables the SC16C550B in the FIFO polled mode of operation. Since the receiver and transmitter have separate bits in the LSR, either or both can be used in the polled mode by selecting respective transmit or receive control bit(s). • • • • • LSR[0] will be a logic 1 as long as there is one byte in the receive FIFO. LSR[1:4] will provide the type of errors encountered, if any. LSR[5] will indicate when the transmit FIFO is empty. LSR[6] will indicate when both the transmit FIFO and transmit shift register are empty. LSR[7] will indicate any FIFO data errors. 7.3 FIFO Control Register (FCR) This register is used to enable the FIFOs, clear the FIFOs, set the receive FIFO trigger levels, and select the DMA mode. 7.3.1 DMA mode (DMA mode does not exist in the HVQFN32 package; see Table 9.) 7.3.1.1 Mode 0 (FCR bit 3 = 0) Set and enable the interrupt for each single transmit or receive operation, and is similar to the 16C450 mode. Transmit Ready (TXRDY) will go to a logic 0 whenever an empty transmit space is available in the Transmit Holding Register (THR). Receive Ready (RXRDY) will go to a logic 0 whenever the Receive Holding Register (RHR) is loaded with a character. 7.3.1.2 Mode 1 (FCR bit 3 = 1) Set and enable the interrupt in a block mode operation. The transmit interrupt is set when the transmit FIFO is empty. The receive interrupt is set when the receive FIFO fills to the programmed trigger level. However, the FIFO continues to fill regardless of the programmed level until the FIFO is full. RXRDY remains a logic 0 as long as the FIFO fill level is above the programmed trigger level. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 20 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.3.2 FIFO mode Table 11. FIFO Control Register bits description Bit Symbol Description 7:6 FCR[7] (MSB), RX trigger. These bits are used to set the trigger level for the receive FCR[6] (LSB) FIFO interrupt. An interrupt is generated when the number of characters in the FIFO equals the programmed trigger level. However, the FIFO will continue to be loaded until it is full. Refer to Table 12. 5:4 FCR[5] (MSB), not used; set to 00 FCR[4] (LSB) 3 FCR[3] DMA mode select. logic 0 = set DMA mode ‘0’ (normal default condition) logic 1 = set DMA mode ‘1’ Transmit operation in mode ‘0’: When the SC16C550B is in the 16C450 mode (FIFOs disabled; FCR[0] = logic 0) or in the FIFO mode (FIFOs enabled; FCR[0] = logic 1; FCR[3] = logic 0), and when there are no characters in the transmit FIFO or transmit holding register, the TXRDY pin will be a logic 0. Once active, the TXRDY pin will go to a logic 1 after the first character is loaded into the transmit holding register. Receive operation in mode ‘0’: When the SC16C550B is in 16C450 mode, or in the FIFO mode (FCR[0] = logic 1; FCR[3] = logic 0) and there is at least one character in the receive FIFO, the RXRDY pin will be a logic 0. Once active, the RXRDY pin will go to a logic 1 when there are no more characters in the receiver. Transmit operation in mode ‘1’: When the SC16C550B is in FIFO mode (FCR[0] = logic 1; FCR[3] = logic 1), the TXRDY pin will be a logic 1 when the transmit FIFO is completely full. It will be a logic 0 if the transmit FIFO is completely empty. Receive operation in mode ‘1’: When the SC16C550B is in FIFO mode (FCR[0] = logic 1; FCR[3] = logic 1) and the trigger level has been reached, or a Receive Time-Out has occurred, the RXRDY pin will go to a logic 0. Once activated, it will go to a logic 1 after there are no more characters in the FIFO. 2 FCR[2] TX FIFO reset. logic 0 = no FIFO transmit reset (normal default condition) logic 1 = clears the contents of the transmit FIFO and resets the FIFO counter logic (the transmit shift register is not cleared or altered). This bit will return to a logic 0 after clearing the FIFO. 1 FCR[1] RX FIFO reset. logic 0 = no FIFO receive reset (normal default condition) logic 1 = clears the contents of the receive FIFO and resets the FIFO counter logic (the receive shift register is not cleared or altered). This bit will return to a logic 0 after clearing the FIFO. 0 FCR[0] FIFO enable. logic 0 = disable the transmit and receive FIFO (normal default condition) logic 1 = enable the transmit and receive FIFO. This bit must be a ‘1’ when other FCR bits are written to, or they will not be programmed. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 21 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Table 12. RX trigger levels FCR[7] FCR[6] RX FIFO trigger level (bytes) 0 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 8 1 1 14 7.4 Interrupt Status Register (ISR) The SC16C550B provides four levels of prioritized interrupts to minimize external software interaction. The Interrupt Status Register (ISR) provides the user with four interrupt status bits. Performing a read cycle on the ISR will provide the user with the highest pending interrupt level to be serviced. No other interrupts are acknowledged until the pending interrupt is serviced. Whenever the interrupt status register is read, the interrupt status is cleared. However, it should be noted that only the current pending interrupt is cleared by the read. A lower level interrupt may be seen after re-reading the interrupt status bits. Table 13 “Interrupt source” shows the data values (bits 3:0) for the four prioritized interrupt levels and the interrupt sources associated with each of these interrupt levels. Table 13. Interrupt source Priority level ISR[3] ISR[2] ISR[1] ISR[0] Source of the interrupt 1 0 1 1 0 LSR (Receiver Line Status Register) 2 0 1 0 0 RXRDY (Received Data Ready) 2 1 1 0 0 RXRDY (Receive Data time-out) 3 0 0 1 0 TXRDY (Transmitter Holding Register Empty) 4 0 0 0 0 MSR (Modem Status Register) Table 14. Interrupt Status Register bits description Bit Symbol Description 7:6 ISR[7:6] FIFOs enabled. These bits are set to a logic 0 when the FIFO is not being used. They are set to a logic 1 when the FIFOs are enabled. logic 0 or cleared = default condition 5:4 ISR[5:4] not used 3:1 ISR[3:1] INT priority bits 2:0. These bits indicate the source for a pending interrupt at interrupt priority levels 1, 2, and 3 (see Table 13). logic 0 or cleared = default condition 0 ISR[0] INT status. logic 0 = an interrupt is pending and the ISR contents may be used as a pointer to the appropriate interrupt service routine logic 1 = no interrupt pending (normal default condition) SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 22 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.5 Line Control Register (LCR) The Line Control Register is used to specify the asynchronous data communication format. The word length, the number of stop bits, and the parity are selected by writing the appropriate bits in this register. Table 15. Line Control Register bits description Bit Symbol Description 7 LCR[7] Divisor latch enable. The internal baud rate counter latch and Enhance Feature mode enable. logic 0 = divisor latch disabled (normal default condition) logic 1 = divisor latch and enhanced feature register enabled 6 LCR[6] Set break. When enabled, the Break control bit causes a break condition to be transmitted (the TX output is forced to a logic 0 state). This condition exists until disabled by setting LCR[6] to a logic 0. logic 0 = no TX break condition (normal default condition) logic 1 = forces the transmitter output (TX) to a logic 0 for alerting the remote receiver to a line break condition 5 LCR[5] Set parity. If the parity bit is enabled, LCR[5] selects the forced parity format. Programs the parity conditions (see Table 16). logic 0 = parity is not forced (normal default condition) LCR[5] = logic 1 and LCR[4] = logic 0: parity bit is forced to a logical 1 for the transmit and receive data LCR[5] = logic 1 and LCR[4] = logic 1: parity bit is forced to a logical 0 for the transmit and receive data 4 LCR[4] Even parity. If the parity bit is enabled with LCR[3] set to a logic 1, LCR[4] selects the even or odd parity format. logic 0 = odd parity is generated by forcing an odd number of logic 1s in the transmitted data. The receiver must be programmed to check the same format (normal default condition). logic 1 = even parity is generated by forcing an even number of logic 1s in the transmitted data. The receiver must be programmed to check the same format. 3 LCR[3] Parity enable. Parity or no parity can be selected via this bit. logic 0 = no parity (normal default condition) logic 1 = a parity bit is generated during the transmission, receiver checks the data and parity for transmission errors 2 LCR[2] Stop bits. The length of stop bit is specified by this bit in conjunction with the programmed word length (see Table 17). logic 0 or cleared = default condition 1:0 LCR[1:0] Word length bits [1:0]. These two bits specify the word length to be transmitted or received (see Table 18). logic 0 or cleared = default condition SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 23 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Table 16. LCR[5] parity selection LCR[5] LCR[4] LCR[3] Parity selection X X 0 no parity 0 0 1 odd parity 0 1 1 even parity 1 0 1 forced parity ‘1’ 1 1 1 forced parity ‘0’ Table 17. LCR[2] stop bit length LCR[2] Word length Stop bit length (bit times) 0 5, 6, 7, 8 1 1 5 11⁄2 1 6, 7, 8 2 Table 18. LCR[1:0] word length LCR[1] LCR[0] Word length 0 0 5 0 1 6 1 0 7 1 1 8 SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 24 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.6 Modem Control Register (MCR) This register controls the interface with the modem or a peripheral device. Table 19. Modem Control Register bits description Bit Symbol Description 7 MCR[7] reserved; set to ‘0’ 6 MCR[6] reserved; set to ‘0’ 5 MCR[5] Auto flow control enable. 4 MCR[4] Loopback. Enable the local loopback mode (diagnostics). In this mode the transmitter output (TX) and the receiver input (RX), CTS, DSR, DCD, and RI are disconnected from the SC16C550B I/O pins. Internally the modem data and control pins are connected into a loopback data configuration (see Figure 11). In this mode, the receiver and transmitter interrupts remain fully operational. The Modem Control Interrupts are also operational, but the interrupts’ sources are switched to the lower four bits of the Modem Control. Interrupts continue to be controlled by the IER register. logic 0 = disable loopback mode (normal default condition) logic 1 = enable local loopback mode (diagnostics) 3 MCR[3] OUT2. Used to control the modem DCD signal in the loopback mode. logic 0 = OUT2 is at logic 1. In the loopback mode, sets OUT2 (DCD) internally to a logic 1. logic 1 = OUT2 is at logic 0. In the loopback mode, sets OUT2 (DCD) internally to a logic 0. 2 MCR[2] OUT1. This bit is used in the Loopback mode only. In the loopback mode, this bit is used to write the state of the modem RI interface signal via OUT1. 1 MCR[1] RTS logic 0 = force RTS output to a logic 1 (normal default condition) logic 1 = force RTS output to a logic 0 0 MCR[0] DTR logic 0 = force DTR output to a logic 1 (normal default condition) logic 1 = force DTR output to a logic 0 SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 25 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.7 Line Status Register (LSR) This register provides the status of data transfers between the SC16C550B and the CPU. Table 20. Line Status Register bits description Bit Symbol Description 7 LSR[7] FIFO data error. logic 0 = no error (normal default condition) logic 1 = at least one parity error, framing error or break indication is in the current FIFO data. This bit is cleared when LSR register is read. 6 LSR[6] THR and TSR empty. This bit is the Transmit Empty indicator. This bit is set to a logic 1 whenever the transmit holding register and the transmit shift register are both empty. It is reset to logic 0 whenever either the THR or TSR contains a data character. In the FIFO mode, this bit is set to ‘1’ whenever the transmit FIFO and transmit shift register are both empty. 5 LSR[5] THR empty. This bit is the Transmit Holding Register Empty indicator. This bit indicates that the UART is ready to accept a new character for transmission. In addition, this bit causes the UART to issue an interrupt to CPU when the THR interrupt enable is set. The THR bit is set to a logic 1 when a character is transferred from the transmit holding register into the transmitter shift register. The bit is reset to a logic 0 concurrently with the loading of the transmitter holding register by the CPU. In the FIFO mode, this bit is set when the transmit FIFO is empty; it is cleared when at least 1 byte is written to the transmit FIFO. 4 LSR[4] Break interrupt. logic 0 = no break condition (normal default condition) logic 1 = the receiver received a break signal (RX was a logic 0 for one character frame time). In the FIFO mode, only one break character is loaded into the FIFO. 3 LSR[3] Framing error. logic 0 = no framing error (normal default condition) logic 1 = framing error. The receive character did not have a valid stop bit(s). In the FIFO mode, this error is associated with the character at the top of the FIFO. 2 LSR[2] Parity error. logic 0 = no parity error (normal default condition) logic 1 = parity error. The receive character does not have correct parity information and is suspect. In the FIFO mode, this error is associated with the character at the top of the FIFO. 1 LSR[1] Overrun error. logic 0 = no overrun error (normal default condition) logic 1 = overrun error. A data overrun error occurred in the receive shift register. This happens when additional data arrives while the FIFO is full. In this case, the previous data in the shift register is overwritten. Note that under this condition, the data byte in the receive shift register is not transferred into the FIFO, therefore the data in the FIFO is not corrupted by the error. 0 LSR[0] Receive data ready. logic 0 = no data in receive holding register or FIFO (normal default condition) logic 1 = data has been received and is saved in the receive holding register or FIFO SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 26 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.8 Modem Status Register (MSR) This register provides the current state of the control interface signals from the modem, or other peripheral device to which the SC16C550B is connected. Four bits of this register are used to indicate the changed information. These bits are set to a logic 1 whenever a control input from the modem changes state. These bits are set to a logic 0 whenever the CPU reads this register. Table 21. Modem Status Register bits description Bit Symbol Description 7 MSR[7] Data Carrier Detect. DCD (active HIGH, logical 1). Normally this bit is the complement of the DCD input. In the loopback mode this bit is equivalent to the OUT2 bit in the MCR register. 6 MSR[6] Ring Indicator. RI (active HIGH, logical 1). Normally this bit is the complement of the RI input. In the loopback mode this bit is equivalent to the OUT1 bit in the MCR register. 5 MSR[5] Data Set Ready. DSR (active HIGH, logical 1). Normally this bit is the complement of the DSR input. In loopback mode this bit is equivalent to the DTR bit in the MCR register. 4 MSR[4] Clear To Send. CTS. CTS functions as hardware flow control signal input if it is enabled via MCR[5]. The transmit holding register flow control is enabled/disabled by MSR[4]. Flow control (when enabled) allows starting and stopping the transmissions based on the external modem CTS signal. A logic 1 at the CTS pin will stop SC16C550B transmissions as soon as current character has finished transmission. Normally MSR[4] is the complement of the CTS input. However, in the loopback mode, this bit is equivalent to the RTS bit in the MCR register. 3 MSR[3] ∆DCD[1] logic 0 = no DCD change (normal default condition) logic 1 = the DCD input to the SC16C550B has changed state since the last time it was read. A modem Status Interrupt will be generated. 2 MSR[2] ∆RI[1] logic 0 = no RI change (normal default condition). logic 1 = the RI input to the SC16C550B has changed from a logic 0 to a logic 1. A modem Status Interrupt will be generated. 1 MSR[1] ∆DSR[1] logic 0 = no DSR change (normal default condition) logic 1 = the DSR input to the SC16C550B has changed state since the last time it was read. A modem Status Interrupt will be generated. 0 MSR[0] ∆CTS[1] logic 0 = no CTS change (normal default condition) logic 1 = the CTS input to the SC16C550B has changed state since the last time it was read. A modem Status Interrupt will be generated. [1] Whenever any MSR bit 0:3 is set to logic 1, a Modem Status Interrupt will be generated. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 27 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 7.9 Scratchpad Register (SPR) The SC16C550B provides a temporary data register to store 8 bits of user information. 7.10 SC16C550B external reset conditions Table 22. Reset state for registers Register Reset state IER IER[7:0] = 0 ISR ISR[7:1] = 0; ISR[0] = 1 LCR LCR[7:0] = 0 MCR MCR[7:0] = 0 LSR LSR[7] = 0; LSR[6:5] = 1; LSR[4:0] = 0 MSR MSR[7:4] = input signals; MSR[3:0] = 0 FCR FCR[7:0] = 0 Table 23. Reset state for outputs Output Reset state TX HIGH RTS HIGH DTR HIGH RXRDY HIGH TXRDY LOW 8. Limiting values Table 24. Limiting values In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Symbol Parameter Conditions VDD supply voltage Vn voltage on any other pin Max Unit - 7 V at D7 to D0 pins VSS − 0.3 VDD + 0.3 V at any input only pin VSS − 0.3 5.3 V operating in free air −40 +85 °C Tamb ambient temperature Tstg storage temperature −65 +150 °C Ptot/pack total power dissipation per package - 500 mW SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet Min © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 28 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 9. Static characteristics Table 25. Static characteristics Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; tolerance of VDD = ± 10 %, unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions VDD = 2.5 V VDD = 3.3 V VDD = 5.0 V Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit VIL(clk) clock LOW-level input voltage −0.3 +0.45 −0.3 +0.6 −0.5 +0.6 V VIH(clk) clock HIGH-level input voltage 1.8 VDD 2.4 VDD 3.0 VDD V VIL LOW-level input voltage −0.3 +0.65 −0.3 +0.8 −0.5 +0.8 V VIH HIGH-level input voltage 1.6 - 2.0 - 2.2 VDD V IOL = 5 mA (data bus) - - - - - 0.4 V IOL = 4 mA (other outputs) - - - 0.4 - - V IOL = 2 mA (data bus) - 0.4 - - - - V IOL = 1.6 mA (other outputs) - 0.4 - - - - V IOH = −5 mA (data bus) - - - - 2.4 - V IOH = −1 mA (other outputs) - - 2.0 - - - V IOH = −800 µA (data bus) 1.85 - - - - - V IOH = −400 µA (other outputs) 1.85 - - - - - V LOW-level output voltage VOL VOH HIGH-level output voltage on all outputs [1] ILIL LOW-level input leakage current - ±10 - ±10 - ±10 µA IL(clk) clock leakage current - ±30 - ±30 - ±30 µA - 3.5 - 4.5 - 4.5 mA - 5 - 5 - 5 pF 500 - 500 - 500 - kΩ IDD(AV) average supply current Ci input capacitance Rpu(int) internal pull-up resistance [1] f = 5 MHz Except for XTAL2, VOL = 1 V typically. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 29 of 48 xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx x xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx x x Parameter Conditions VDD = 2.5 V Min tw1 clock pulse duration tw2 clock pulse duration [1][2] VDD = 3.3 V Max Min VDD = 5.0 V Max Min Unit Max 15 - 13 - 10 - ns 15 - 13 - 10 - ns clock frequency - 16 - 32 - 48 MHz address strobe width 45 - 35 - 25 - ns t5s address setup time 5 - 5 - 1 - ns t5h address hold time 5 - 5 - 5 - ns t6s chip select setup time to AS 10 - 5 - 0 - ns t6h address hold time 0 - 0 - 0 - ns 10 - 10 - 5 - ns 0 - 0 - 0 - ns t6s' address setup time t6h chip select hold time t7d IOR delay from chip select t7w IOR strobe width t7h chip select hold time from IOR [3] 25 pF load [3] 10 - 10 - 10 - ns 77 - 26 - 23 - ns 0 - 0 - 0 - ns 5 - 5 - 5 - ns t7h' address hold time t8d IOR delay from address 10 - 10 - 10 - ns t9d read cycle delay 25 pF load 20 - 20 - 20 - ns t11d IOR to DDIS delay 25 pF load - 100 - 35 - 30 ns t12d delay from IOR to data 25 pF load - 77 - 26 - 23 ns t12h data disable time 25 pF load - 15 - 15 - 15 ns t13d IOW delay from chip select 10 - 10 - 10 - ns t13w IOW strobe width 20 - 20 - 15 - ns t13h chip select hold time from IOW 0 - 0 - 0 - ns IOW delay from address 10 - 10 - 10 - ns write cycle delay 25 - 25 - 20 - ns t16s data setup time 20 - 20 - 15 - ns t16h data hold time 15 - 5 - 5 - ns t17d delay from IOW to output 25 pF load - 100 - 33 - 29 ns t18d delay to set interrupt from Modem input 25 pF load - 100 - 24 - 23 ns t19d delay to reset interrupt from IOR - 100 - 24 - 23 ns 25 pF load SC16C550B 30 of 48 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. t14d t15d 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 fXTAL t4w NXP Semiconductors Symbol 10. Dynamic characteristics SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet Table 26. Dynamic characteristics Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; tolerance of VDD ± 10 %, unless otherwise specified. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx x x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xx xx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx x x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxx Symbol Parameter Conditions VDD = 2.5 V Min t20d delay from stop to set interrupt t21d delay from IOR to reset interrupt t22d VDD = 3.3 V Max Min VDD = 5.0 V Max Min Unit Max - 1TRCLK - 1TRCLK - 1TRCLK s - 100 - 29 - 28 ns delay from start to set interrupt - 100 - 45 - 40 ns t23d delay from IOW to transmit start 8TRCLK 24TRCLK 8TRCLK 24TRCLK 8TRCLK 24TRCLK s t24d delay from IOW to reset interrupt - 100 - 45 - 40 ns t25d delay from stop to set RXRDY - 1TRCLK - 1TRCLK - 1TRCLK s t26d delay from IOR to reset RXRDY - 100 - 45 - 40 ns t27d delay from IOW to set TXRDY - 100 - 45 - 40 ns delay from start to reset TXRDY RESET pulse width N baud rate divisor [4] - 8TRCLK - 8TRCLK - 8TRCLK s 100 - 40 - 40 - ns 1 216 − 1 1 216 − 1 1 216 − 1 [1] Applies to external clock, crystal oscillator max 24 MHz. [2] Maximum frequency = ------- [3] Applicable only when AS is tied LOW. [4] RESET pulse must happen when these signals are inactive: CS0 or CS1 or CS2 or CS, and IOW, IOR. 1 t w3 SC16C550B 31 of 48 © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 t28d tRESET 25 pF load NXP Semiconductors SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet Table 26. Dynamic characteristics …continued Tamb = −40 °C to +85 °C; tolerance of VDD ± 10 %, unless otherwise specified. SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 10.1 Timing diagrams t4w AS t5s t5h valid address A0 to A2 t6s t6h CS2 CS1, CS0 valid t7d t7h t7w t8d t9d active IOR, IOR t11d t11h active DDIS t12h t12d D0 to D7 data 002aaa331 Fig 12. General read timing when using AS signal t4w AS t5s t5h valid address A0 to A2 t6s CS2 CS1, CS0 valid t13d t14d IOW, IOW t6h t13h t13w t15d active t16s D0 to D7 t16h data 002aaa332 Fig 13. General write timing when using AS signal SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 32 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs valid address A0 to A2 valid address t6s' t6s' t7h' active CS t7h' t7w active t7w t9d active IOR t12h t12d D0 to D7 t12d t12h data 002aaa333 Fig 14. General read timing when AS is tied to VSS valid address A0 to A2 valid address t6s' CS t7h' active active t13w IOW t15d t13w active t16s D0 to D7 t7h' t6s' t16h t16s t16h data 002aaa334 Fig 15. General write timing when AS is tied to VSS SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 33 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs IOW active t17d RTS DTR change of state change of state DCD CTS DSR change of state change of state t18d t18d INT active active active t19d active IOR active active t18d change of state RI 002aaa347 Fig 16. Modem input/output timing tw2 tw1 EXTERNAL CLOCK 002aaa112 tw3 1 f XTAL = ------t w3 Fig 17. External clock timing SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 34 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs start bit RX parity bit data bits (0 to 7) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 stop bit next data start bit D7 5 data bits 6 data bits t20d 7 data bits active INT t21d active IOR 16 baud rate clock 002aaa113 Fig 18. Receive timing start bit RX parity bit data bits (0 to 7) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 stop bit next data start bit D7 t25d active data ready RXRDY t26d active IOR 002aab063 Fig 19. Receive ready timing in non-FIFO mode SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 35 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs start bit D0 RX parity bit data bits (0 to 7) D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 stop bit D7 first byte that reaches the trigger level t25d active data ready RXRDY t26d active IOR 002aab064 Fig 20. Receive ready timing in FIFO mode start bit TX parity bit data bits (0 to 7) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 stop bit next data start bit D7 5 data bits 6 data bits 7 data bits active transmitter ready INT t22d t24d t23d IOW active active 16 baud rate clock 002aaa116 Fig 21. Transmit timing SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 36 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs start bit TX D0 IOW active D0 to D7 byte #1 parity bit data bits (0 to 7) D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 stop bit next data start bit D7 t28d t27d active transmitter ready TXRDY transmitter not ready 002aaa580 Fig 22. Transmit ready timing in non-FIFO mode start bit data bits (0 to 7) D0 TX parity bit D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 stop bit D7 5 data bits 6 data bits 7 data bits IOW active t28d D0 to D7 byte #16 t27d TXRDY FIFO full 002aab061 Fig 23. Transmit ready timing in FIFO mode (DMA mode ‘1’) SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 37 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 11. Package outline seating plane DIP40: plastic dual in-line package; 40 leads (600 mil) SOT129-1 ME D A2 L A A1 c e Z w M b1 (e 1) b MH 21 40 pin 1 index E 1 20 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 min. A2 max. b b1 c mm 4.7 0.51 4 1.70 1.14 0.53 0.38 0.36 0.23 52.5 51.5 inches 0.19 0.02 0.16 0.067 0.045 0.021 0.015 0.014 0.009 2.067 2.028 D e e1 L ME MH w Z (1) max. 14.1 13.7 2.54 15.24 3.60 3.05 15.80 15.24 17.42 15.90 0.254 2.25 0.56 0.54 0.1 0.6 0.14 0.12 0.62 0.60 0.69 0.63 0.01 0.089 (1) E (1) Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC JEITA SOT129-1 051G08 MO-015 SC-511-40 EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 99-12-27 03-02-13 Fig 24. Package outline SOT129-1 (DIP40) SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 38 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs PLCC44: plastic leaded chip carrier; 44 leads SOT187-2 eD eE y X 39 A 29 28 40 bp ZE b1 w M 44 1 E HE pin 1 index A A4 A1 e (A 3) 6 β 18 Lp k 7 detail X 17 e v M A ZD D B HD v M B 0 5 10 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm dimensions are derived from the original inch dimensions) A4 A1 e UNIT A A3 D(1) E(1) eD eE HD bp b1 max. min. 4.57 4.19 mm inches 0.81 0.66 HE k 16.66 16.66 16.00 16.00 17.65 17.65 1.22 1.27 16.51 16.51 14.99 14.99 17.40 17.40 1.07 0.51 0.25 3.05 0.53 0.33 0.180 0.02 0.165 0.01 0.12 0.021 0.032 0.656 0.656 0.05 0.013 0.026 0.650 0.650 0.63 0.59 0.63 0.59 Lp v w y 1.44 1.02 0.18 0.18 0.1 ZD(1) ZE(1) max. max. 2.16 β 2.16 45 o 0.695 0.695 0.048 0.057 0.007 0.007 0.004 0.085 0.085 0.685 0.685 0.042 0.040 Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC JEITA SOT187-2 112E10 MS-018 EDR-7319 EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 99-12-27 01-11-14 Fig 25. Package outline SOT187-2 (PLCC44) SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 39 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs LQFP48: plastic low profile quad flat package; 48 leads; body 7 x 7 x 1.4 mm SOT313-2 c y X 36 25 A 37 24 ZE e E HE A A2 (A 3) A1 w M θ bp pin 1 index Lp L 13 48 1 detail X 12 ZD e v M A w M bp D B HD v M B 0 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A max. A1 A2 A3 bp c D (1) E (1) e HD HE L Lp v w y mm 1.6 0.20 0.05 1.45 1.35 0.25 0.27 0.17 0.18 0.12 7.1 6.9 7.1 6.9 0.5 9.15 8.85 9.15 8.85 1 0.75 0.45 0.2 0.12 0.1 Z D (1) Z E (1) θ 0.95 0.55 7 o 0 0.95 0.55 o Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC SOT313-2 136E05 MS-026 JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 00-01-19 03-02-25 Fig 26. Package outline SOT313-2 (LQFP48) SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 40 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs HVQFN32: plastic thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads; 32 terminals; body 5 x 5 x 0.85 mm A B D SOT617-1 terminal 1 index area A A1 E c detail X C e1 e 1/2 e 16 y y1 C v M C A B w M C b 9 L 17 8 e e2 Eh 1/2 e 1 terminal 1 index area 24 32 25 X Dh 0 2.5 5 mm scale DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT A(1) max. A1 b c D (1) Dh E (1) Eh e e1 e2 L v w y y1 mm 1 0.05 0.00 0.30 0.18 0.2 5.1 4.9 3.25 2.95 5.1 4.9 3.25 2.95 0.5 3.5 3.5 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.1 Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.075 mm maximum per side are not included. REFERENCES OUTLINE VERSION IEC JEDEC JEITA SOT617-1 --- MO-220 --- EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 01-08-08 02-10-18 Fig 27. Package outline SOT617-1 (HVQFN32) SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 41 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 12. Soldering of SMD packages This text provides a very brief insight into a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. 12.1 Introduction to soldering Soldering is one of the most common methods through which packages are attached to Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), to form electrical circuits. The soldered joint provides both the mechanical and the electrical connection. There is no single soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and Surface Mount Devices (SMDs) are mixed on one printed wiring board; however, it is not suitable for fine pitch SMDs. Reflow soldering is ideal for the small pitches and high densities that come with increased miniaturization. 12.2 Wave and reflow soldering Wave soldering is a joining technology in which the joints are made by solder coming from a standing wave of liquid solder. The wave soldering process is suitable for the following: • Through-hole components • Leaded or leadless SMDs, which are glued to the surface of the printed circuit board Not all SMDs can be wave soldered. Packages with solder balls, and some leadless packages which have solder lands underneath the body, cannot be wave soldered. Also, leaded SMDs with leads having a pitch smaller than ~0.6 mm cannot be wave soldered, due to an increased probability of bridging. The reflow soldering process involves applying solder paste to a board, followed by component placement and exposure to a temperature profile. Leaded packages, packages with solder balls, and leadless packages are all reflow solderable. Key characteristics in both wave and reflow soldering are: • • • • • • Board specifications, including the board finish, solder masks and vias Package footprints, including solder thieves and orientation The moisture sensitivity level of the packages Package placement Inspection and repair Lead-free soldering versus SnPb soldering 12.3 Wave soldering Key characteristics in wave soldering are: • Process issues, such as application of adhesive and flux, clinching of leads, board transport, the solder wave parameters, and the time during which components are exposed to the wave • Solder bath specifications, including temperature and impurities SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 42 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 12.4 Reflow soldering Key characteristics in reflow soldering are: • Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reflow process usually leads to higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 28) than a SnPb process, thus reducing the process window • Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process window for a mix of large and small components on one board • Reflow temperature profile; this profile includes preheat, reflow (in which the board is heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak temperature is high enough for the solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package depends on package thickness and volume and is classified in accordance with Table 27 and 28 Table 27. SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 ≥ 350 < 2.5 235 220 ≥ 2.5 220 220 Table 28. Lead-free process (from J-STD-020C) Package thickness (mm) Package reflow temperature (°C) Volume (mm3) < 350 350 to 2000 > 2000 < 1.6 260 260 260 1.6 to 2.5 260 250 245 > 2.5 250 245 245 Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all times. Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reflow soldering, see Figure 28. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 43 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs temperature maximum peak temperature = MSL limit, damage level minimum peak temperature = minimum soldering temperature peak temperature time 001aac844 MSL: Moisture Sensitivity Level Fig 28. Temperature profiles for large and small components For further information on temperature profiles, refer to Application Note AN10365 “Surface mount reflow soldering description”. 13. Soldering of through-hole mount packages 13.1 Introduction to soldering through-hole mount packages This text gives a very brief insight into wave, dip and manual soldering. Wave soldering is the preferred method for mounting of through-hole mount IC packages on a printed-circuit board. 13.2 Soldering by dipping or by solder wave Driven by legislation and environmental forces the worldwide use of lead-free solder pastes is increasing. Typical dwell time of the leads in the wave ranges from 3 seconds to 4 seconds at 250 °C or 265 °C, depending on solder material applied, SnPb or Pb-free respectively. The total contact time of successive solder waves must not exceed 5 seconds. The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but the temperature of the plastic body must not exceed the specified maximum storage temperature (Tstg(max)). If the printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling may be necessary immediately after soldering to keep the temperature within the permissible limit. 13.3 Manual soldering Apply the soldering iron (24 V or less) to the lead(s) of the package, either below the seating plane or not more than 2 mm above it. If the temperature of the soldering iron bit is less than 300 °C it may remain in contact for up to 10 seconds. If the bit temperature is between 300 °C and 400 °C, contact may be up to 5 seconds. SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 44 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 13.4 Package related soldering information Table 29. Suitability of through-hole mount IC packages for dipping and wave soldering Package Soldering method Dipping Wave CPGA, HCPGA - suitable DBS, DIP, HDIP, RDBS, SDIP, SIL suitable suitable[1] PMFP[2] - not suitable [1] For SDIP packages, the longitudinal axis must be parallel to the transport direction of the printed-circuit board. [2] For PMFP packages hot bar soldering or manual soldering is suitable. 14. Abbreviations Table 30. Abbreviations Acronym Description CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor CPU Central Processing Unit DLL Divisor Latch LSB DLM Divisor Latch MSB DMA Direct Memory Access FIFO First-In, First-Out ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network LSB Least Significant Bit MSB Most Significant Bit TTL Transistor-Transistor Logic UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 45 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 15. Revision history Table 31. Revision history Document ID Release date Data sheet status Change notice Supersedes SC16C550B_5 20081001 Product data sheet - SC16C550B_4 Modifications: • • • • changed all occurrences of “VCC” to “VDD” Section 2 “Features”: added new 7th bullet (and footnote) Table 2 “Pin description”: Description for signal DDIS changed from “DDIS is active (LOW) when the CPU is not reading data. When active, DDIS can disable an external transceiver.” to “DDIS is active (LOW) when the CPU is reading data. When inactive (HIGH), DDIS can disable an external transceiver.” Figure 6 “Autoflow control (auto-RTS and auto-CTS) example”: – changed “ACE1” to “UART 1”; changed “ACE2” to “UART 2” – changed “RCVR” to “RX” – changed “XMIT” to “TX” • Section 7 “Register descriptions”, first paragraph: changed from “... for the fifteen SC16C550B internal registers.” to “... for the twelve SC16C550B internal registers.” • • Table 9 “SC16C550B internal registers”: changed MCR bit 3 from “OUT2, INT enable” to “OUT2” Table 19 “Modem Control Register bits description”: – description of MCR[3] re-written (removed reference to INT enable) – description of MCR[4]: changed “TX” to “TX” and changed “RX” to “RX” • Table 24 “Limiting values”: – symbol Vn split to show 2 separate conditions: “at D7 to D0 pins” and “at input only pins” • • • Table 25 “Static characteristics”: deleted (old) Table note [2] and its reference at Rpu(int) Table 26 “Dynamic characteristics”: added Table note [4] and its reference at tRESET updated soldering information SC16C550B_4 20070316 Product data sheet - SC16C550B_3 SC16C550B_3 (9397 750 14986) 20050620 Product data sheet - SC16C550B-02 SC16C550B-02 (9397 750 14446) 20041214 Product data - SC16C550B-01 SC16C550B-01 (9397 750 11967) 20040326 Product data SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet - © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 46 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 16. Legal information 16.1 Data sheet status Document status[1][2] Product status[3] Definition Objective [short] data sheet Development This document contains data from the objective specification for product development. Preliminary [short] data sheet Qualification This document contains data from the preliminary specification. Product [short] data sheet Production This document contains the product specification. [1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design. [2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”. [3] The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com. 16.2 Definitions Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the full data sheet shall prevail. 16.3 Disclaimers General — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof. Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft, space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk. Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) may cause permanent damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Terms and conditions of sale — NXP Semiconductors products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/profile/terms, including those pertaining to warranty, intellectual property rights infringement and limitation of liability, unless explicitly otherwise agreed to in writing by NXP Semiconductors. In case of any inconsistency or conflict between information in this document and such terms and conditions, the latter will prevail. No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant, conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or other industrial or intellectual property rights. 16.4 Trademarks Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 17. Contact information For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] SC16C550B_5 Product data sheet © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. Rev. 05 — 1 October 2008 47 of 48 SC16C550B NXP Semiconductors 5 V, 3.3 V and 2.5 V UART with 16-byte FIFOs 18. Contents 1 2 3 4 5 5.1 5.2 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 7 7.1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Internal registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 FIFO operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Autoflow control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Auto-RTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Auto-CTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Enabling autoflow control and auto-CTS . . . . 12 Auto-CTS and auto-RTS functional timing . . . 12 Hardware/software and time-out interrupts. . . 13 Programmable baud rate generator . . . . . . . . 14 DMA operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Loopback mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Register descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Transmit Holding Register (THR) and Receive Holding Register (RHR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7.2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER) . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7.2.1 IER versus Receive FIFO interrupt mode operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.2.2 IER versus Receive/Transmit FIFO polled mode operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.3 FIFO Control Register (FCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.3.1 DMA mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.3.1.1 Mode 0 (FCR bit 3 = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.3.1.2 Mode 1 (FCR bit 3 = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.3.2 FIFO mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7.4 Interrupt Status Register (ISR) . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.5 Line Control Register (LCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 7.6 Modem Control Register (MCR) . . . . . . . . . . . 25 7.7 Line Status Register (LSR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 7.8 Modem Status Register (MSR). . . . . . . . . . . . 27 7.9 Scratchpad Register (SPR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 7.10 SC16C550B external reset conditions . . . . . . 28 8 Limiting values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9 Static characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 10 Dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10.1 Timing diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 11 Package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 12 Soldering of SMD packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 12.1 Introduction to soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 12.2 12.3 12.4 13 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 14 15 16 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 17 18 Wave and reflow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wave soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reflow soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soldering of through-hole mount packages . Introduction to soldering through-hole mount packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soldering by dipping or by solder wave . . . . . Manual soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Package related soldering information . . . . . . Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disclaimers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 42 43 44 44 44 44 45 45 46 47 47 47 47 47 47 48 Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’. © NXP B.V. 2008. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected] Date of release: 1 October 2008 Document identifier: SC16C550B_5