Component - Voltage Fault Detector V1.0 Datasheet.pdf

PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Voltage Fault Detector (VFD)
1.0
Features
 monitor up to 32 voltage inputs
 user-defined over and under voltage limits
 simply outputs a good/bad status result
General Description
The Voltage Fault Detector component provides a simple way to monitor up
to 32 voltage inputs against user-defined over and under voltage limits
without using the ADC and without having to write any firmware. The
component simply outputs a good/bad status result (“power good” or pg[x])
for each voltage being monitored.
The component operates entirely in hardware without any intervention from PSoC’s CPU core
resulting in known, fixed fault detection latency.
Note: This component does not support PSoC5 device.
When to Use a VFD
The Voltage Fault Detector component is capable of interfacing to up to 32 voltage inputs and is
responsible for determining the health of those voltages by comparing them to either a userdefined under-voltage (UV) threshold or over-voltage (OV) threshold or both.
Input/Output Connections
This section describes the various input and output connections for the Voltage Fault Detector.
Clock – Input
Clock used to set the time base for the componentshould be set to 16x the desired multiplexing
frequency. When internal OV and UV thresholds are generated by VDACs, the multiplexing
frequency is largely determined by the VDAC update rate. When the VDACs are configured for
0-1V range, the multiplexing frequency cannot exceed 500 kHz (clock = 8 MHz) factoring in the
VDAC update rate plus DMA time to adjust DACs and analog settling time. When the VDACs are
configured for 0-4V range, the multiplexing frequency cannot exceed 200 kHz (clock = 3.2 MHz).
CypressSemiconductorCorporation•198 Champion Court•SanJose,CA95134-1709•408-943-2600
Document Number: 001-80924 Rev. *A
Revised July 29, 2015
Voltage Fault Detector
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
When external references are selected, the user can set the timebase to a frequency that meets
the system requirements. In that case, the VDAC settling time does not need to be factored in,
because the VDACs are not present. In this usage case, the OV and/or UV thresholds will be
common across the entire voltage set to be monitored, so the frequency is limited only by the
analog voltage settling time and the maximum frequency of operation of the component’s state
machine. A practical limit might be 12 MHz.
In either case, since DMA is involved and needs to run to completion within the time window
dictated by the multiplexing frequency selected, this component inherently dictates a minimum
BUS_CLK frequency. The component minimum BUS_CLK:clock ratio for this component is 2:1.
Enable – Input
This synchronous active high signal gates the clock input to the state machine controller. One
purpose of this input is to support VDAC calibration.
Over Voltage Reference – Analog Input
This analog input is exposed only when the “ExternalRef” parameter is true. In this case, the
user provides an over voltage threshold that replaces the internal OV VDAC. This can come from
a PSoC pin or through a separate instantiation of a VDAC, for example.
Under Voltage Reference – Analog Input
This analog input is exposed only when the “ExternalRef” parameter is true. In this case, the
user provides an under voltage threshold that replaces the internal UV VDAC. This can come
from a PSoC pin or through a separate instantiation of a VDAC, for example.
Voltages – Analog Input
These analog inputs are the voltages that this component needs to monitor. The number of
terminals displayed depends on the number of voltages selected by the user up to a maximum of
32.
Power Good – Output
Global: Active high signal indicating all voltages are within range
Individual:Active high signal indicating v[x] is within range
End of Cycle – Output
This terminal pulses active high after every voltage input has been compared to its reference
threshold(s). It indicates the end of one complete comparison cycle. For example, this signal
could be used to capture the reference voltage VDACs for calibration purposes.
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Voltage Fault Detector
Over Voltage VDAC – Analog Output
This analog output is exposed when the “ExternalRef” parameter is true. The purpose of this is to
enable calibration of the OV VDAC. To properly support the calibration activity, the component
needs to be disabled through an API call or by de-asserting the en terminal.
Under Voltage VDAC – Analog Output
This analog output is exposed when the “ExternalRef” parameter is true. The purpose of this is to
enable calibration of the UV VDAC. To properly support the calibration activity, the component
needs to be disabled through an API call or by de-asserting the en terminal.
Schematic Macro Information
This section contains pertinent information for the schematic macro in the Voltage Fault
Detector.
Figure 1. Voltage Fault Detector Schematic Macro
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Figure 2. 8+1 Voltage Fault Detector Schematic Macro
Figure 3. 12+1 Voltage Fault Detector Schematic Macro
The symbol dynamically resizes depending on the number of voltages selected for fault detection
in the component customizer.
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Voltage Fault Detector
Component Parameters
Drag a VFD onto your design desktop and double-click it to open the Configure dialog. Figure 4
shows the Configure dialog.
Figure 4.Configure VFD Dialog – General Tab
Figure 5. Configure VDF Dialog – Voltages Tab
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
The VFD provides the following parameters.
GeneralOptions
NumVoltages
Number of voltages to be monitored. Range=1-32 (default 8).
CompareType
Pull-down list to select comparator type(default = OV/UV) Options = OV/UV, OV only, UV only.
GFLength
Glitch filter length. Absolute units depend on the reference clock input(default = 8) Options =
1..255.
ExternalRef Checkbox
(default unchecked)
DACRange
Pull-down list to select internal VDAC range(default = 1V) Options = 1V, 4V This pull-down list is
grayed out if ExternalRef is checked.
PhysicalPlacement
Pull-down list to select placement options. Some options will be grayed out depending on the
CompareType parameter setting. DAC selection will be tied to the CMP selection. That is DAC0
goes with CMP0 etc.(default = Comp1+3) Options = Comp0, Comp1, Comp2, Comp3,
Comp0+2, Comp1+3.
AnalogBus
Pull-down list to select routing options. Some options will be grayed out depending on the
PhysicalPlacement parameter setting. This parameter will place an analog routing constraint on
the analog net in the schematic that feeds the input to the comparator(default = AMUXBUSR)
Options = AMXUBUSR, AMXUBUSL, Unconstrained.
VoltagesOptions
Label[x]
Text field, 16 characters. For annotation purposes only. By default this field is empty and no
value is required.
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Voltage Fault Detector
VNom[x]
Nominal voltage. For annotation purposes only. Range=0.01–65.54
UVFault[x]
Under voltage fault threshold. Range=0.01–65.54 This is initially blank.
OVFault[x]
Over voltage fault threshold. Range=0.01–65.54 This is initially blank.
Scale[x]
Input voltage scaling factor. Indicates the amount of attenuation applied to the converter output
voltage before connecting to PSoC. Range=0.001-1.000 (default 1.000).
Placement
The choice of routing byAMUXBUSx, ABUSx[] or AGx[] is by default set to AMUXBUSR, but the
user can override this to maximize routing efficiency.
Application Programming Interface
Application Programming Interface (API) routines allow you to configure the component using
software. The following table lists and describes the interface to each function. The subsequent
sections cover each function in more detail.
By default, PSoC Creator assigns the instance name " VFD_1" to the first instance of a
component in a given design. You can rename it to any unique value that follows the syntactic
rules for identifiers. The instance name becomes the prefix of every global function name,
variable, and constant symbol. For readability, the instance name used in the following table is
"VFD"
Functions
Function
Description
VFD_Start()
Enables the component
VFD_Stop ()
Disables the component
VFD_Init()
Initializes the component
VFD_Enable()
Enables hardware blocks
VFD_GetOVFaultStatus()
Returns over voltagefault status of each voltage input
VFD_GetUVFaultStatus()
Returns under voltagefault status of each voltage input
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VFD_SetUVFaultThreshold()
Sets the under voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input
VFD_GetUVFaultThreshold()
Returns the under voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input
VFD_SetOVFaultThreshold()
Sets the over voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input
VFD_GetOVFaultThreshold()
Returns the under voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input
VFD_SetUVGlitchFilterLength()
Sets the UV filterLength value
VFD_GetUVGlitchFilterLength()
Returns the UV filterLength value
VFD_SetOVGlitchFilterLength()
Sets the OV filterLength value
VFD_GetOVGlitchFilterLength()
Returns the OV filterLength value
VFD_SetUVDac()
Sets UV DAC value of each channel
VFD_GetUVDac ()
Gets UV DAC value for the specified voltage input
VFD_ VFD_SetOVDac ()
Sets OV DAC value of each channel
VFD_GetOVDac()
Gets OV DAC value for the specified voltage input
VFD_Pause()
Disables the clock to the comparator controller state machine
VFD_Resume()
Enables the clock to the comparator controller state machine
VFD_SetUVDacDirect()
Allows manual control of the UV VDAC value
VFD_GetUVDacDirect()
Returns current UV VDAC
VFD_SetOVDacDirect()
Allows manual control of the OV VDAC
VFD_GetOVDacDirect()
Returns current OV VDAC
VFD_ComparatorCal()
Runs a calibration routine
Global Variables
Function
VFD_NUMBER_OF_VOLTAGES
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Description
Number of voltages to be monitored. Range=1-32
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voidVFD_Start(void)
Description:
Enables the component. Calls the Init() API if the component has not been initialized before.
Calls Enable() API.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_Stop(void)
Description:
Disables the component.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
pgood and pg[x] outputs are de-asserted
voidVFD_Init(void)
Description:
Disables the component.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_Enable(void)
Description:
Enables hardware blocks within the component and starts the state machine.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
uint32 VFD_GetOVFaultStatus(void)
Description:
Returns over voltagefault status of each voltage input.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
uint32 ovFaultStatus
Bit Field
OV Fault Status
0
1=OV fault condition on Voltage Input 1
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Side Effects:
1
1=OV fault condition on Voltage Input 2
…
…
31
1=OV fault condition on Voltage Input 32
Calling this API clears the fault condition source sticky bits. If the condition still persists then
the bit will be set again after the next scan
uint32VFD_GetUVFaultStatus(void)
Description:
Returns under voltagefault status of each voltage input.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
Side Effects:
uint32 uvFaultStatus
Bit Field
UV Fault Status
0
1=UV fault condition on Voltage Input 1
1
1=UV fault condition on Voltage Input 2
…
…
31
1=UV fault condition on Voltage Input 32
Calling this API clears the fault condition source sticky bits. If the condition still persists then
the bit will be set again after the next scan.
voidVFD_SetUVFaultThreshold(uint8 voltageNum, uint16 uvFaultThreshold)
Description:
Parameters:
Sets the under voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input. The uvFaultThreshold
parameter should be stored as is in SRAM for retrieval by the GetUVFaultThreshold() API.
The calculated VDAC value gets written to an SRAM buffer for use by the DMA controller that
drives the UV DAC. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
uint16 uvFaultThreshold
Specifies the under voltage fault threshold in mV
Valid range: 1..65,535
Return Value:
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None
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The under voltage fault threshold in mV
Valid range: 1..65,535
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Side Effects:
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
uvFaultThreshold value is rounded to fit the VDAC data register format. As a result, the actual
threshold value may be different from uvFaultThreshold.
voidVFD_SetOVFaultThreshold(uint8 voltageNum, uint16 ovFaultThreshold)
Description:
Parameters:
Sets the over voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input. The ovFaultThreshold
parameter should be stored as is in SRAM for retrieval by the GetOVFaultThreshold() API.
The calculated VDAC value gets written to an SRAM buffer for use by the DMA controller that
drives the OV DAC. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
uint16 ovFaultThreshold
Specifies the over voltage fault threshold in mV
Valid range: 1..65,535
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
ovFaultThreshold value is rounded to fit the VDAC data register format. As a result, the actual
threshold value may be different from uvFaultThreshold.
uint16 VFD_GetOVFaultThreshold(uint8 voltageNum)
Description:
Returns the under voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input that was stored in
SRAM by the SetOVFaultThreshold() API. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
Parameters:
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
Return Value:
uint16 ovFaultThreshold
The over voltage fault threshold in mV
Valid range: 1..65,535
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_SetUVGlitchFilterLength(uint8 filterLength)
Description:
Parameters:
The filterLengthvalue updates the UV Glitch Filter.
uint8 filterLength
Absolute time units depend on the input clock frequency
Valid range: 1..255
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
uint16 VFD_GetUVFaultThreshold(uint8 voltageNum)
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Description:
Returns the under voltage fault threshold for the specified voltage input that was stored in
SRAM by the SetUVFaultThreshold() API. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
Parameters:
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
Return Value:
uint16 uvFaultThreshold
The under voltage fault threshold in mV
Valid range: 1..65,535
Side Effects:
None
uint8 VFD_GetUVGlitchFilterLength(void)
Description:
Returns the filterLength value currently being used by the UV Glitch Filter.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
uint8 filterLength
Absolute time units depend on the input clock frequency
Valid range: 1..255
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_SetOVGlitchFilterLength(uint8 filterLength)
Description:
Parameters:
The filterLengthvalue updates to the OV Glitch Filter.
uint8 filterLength
Absolute time units depend on the input clock frequency
Valid range: 1..255
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
uint8 VFD_GetOVGlitchFilterLength(void)
Description:
Returns the filterLength value currently being used by the OV Glitch Filter.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
uint8 filterLength
Absolute time units depend on the input clock frequency
Valid range: 1..255
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_SetUVDac(uint8 voltageNum, uint8 dacValue)
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Voltage Fault Detector
Description:
Parameters:
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
The dacValue gets written to an SRAM buffer for use by the DMA controller that drives the UV
DAC for the specified voltage input. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
uint8 dacValue
Specifies the value to be written to the UV VDAC
Valid range: 1..255
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
uint8 VFD_GetUVDac(uint8 voltageNum)
Description:
Returns the dacValue currently being used by the DMA controller that drives the UV DAC for
the specified voltage input. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
Parameters:
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
Return Value: uint8 dacValue
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_SetOVDac(uint8 voltageNum, uint8 dacValue)
Description:
Parameters:
The dacValue gets written to an SRAM buffer for use by the DMA controller that drives the OV
DAC for the specified voltage input. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
uint8 dacValue
Specifies the value to be written to the OV VDAC
Valid range: 1..255
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
uint8 VFD_GetOVDac(uint8 voltageNum)
Description:
Returns the dacValue currently being used by the DMA controller that drives the OV DAC for
the specified voltage input. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
Parameters:
uint8 voltageNum
Specifies the voltage input number
Valid range: 1..32
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Voltage Fault Detector
Return Value: uint8 dacValue
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_Pause(void)
Description:
Disables the clock to the comparator controller state machine. Note that calling this API does
not stop the DMA controller if it is in the process of executing transactions. DMA takes around
20 BUS_CLK cycles to complete assuming that no other resource is using the DMA controller
at the same time. Therefore, if the purpose of calling this API is specifically to change VDAC
settings (for calibration purposes for example), sufficient time should be allowed to let the
DMA controller run to completion before attempting to access the VDACs directly.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
Stops the fault detection state machine. Does not stop the DMA controller immediately
voidVFD_Resume(void)
Description:
Enables the clock to the comparator controller state machine.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
Restarts the fault detection logic
voidVFD_SetUVDacDirect(uint8 dacValue)
Description:
Parameters:
Allows manual control of the UV VDAC value. The dacValue is written directly to the VDAC
component. Useful for UV VDAC calibration. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
uint8 dacValue
Valid range: 1..255
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
Calling this API may cause the comparator to trigger a fault condition. To prevent this, call the
VFD_Pause() API prior to calling this API
uint8 VFD_GetUVDacDirect(void)
Description:
Returns current UV VDAC. The returned dacValue is read directly from the VDAC component.
Useful for UV VDAC calibration. Note: if this API is called while the component is running, it
isn’t possible to know which voltage input the UV VDAC value is associated with. This API
does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: uint8 dacValue
Side Effects:
None
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
voidVFD_SetOVDacDirect(uint8 dacValue)
Description:
Parameters:
Allows manual control of the OV VDAC. The dacValue is written directly to the VDAC
component. Useful for OV VDAC calibration. This API does not apply when ExternalRef=true.
uint8 dacValue
Valid range: 1..255
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
Calling this API may cause the comparator to trigger a fault condition. To prevent this, call the
VFD_Pause() API prior to calling this API
uint8 VFD_GetOVDacDirect(void)
Description:
Returns current OV VDAC. The returned dacValue is read directly from the VDAC component.
This is useful for OV VDAC calibration.
Note: If this API is called while the component is running, it is impossible to know which
voltage input the OV VDAC value is associated with. This API does not apply when
ExternalRef=true.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: uint8 dacValue
Side Effects:
None
voidVFD_ComparatorCal(enumcompType)
Description:
Parameters:
Runs a calibration routine that measures the selected comparator’s offset voltage by shorting
its inputs together and corrects for it by writing to the CMP block’s trim register
enumcompType
Valid values: OV, UV
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
Calling this API may cause the comparator to trigger a fault condition. To prevent this, call the
VFD_Pause() API prior to calling this API
Sample Firmware Source Code
PSoC Creator provides numerous example projects that include schematics and example code
in the Find Example Project dialog. For component-specific examples, open the dialog from the
Component Catalog or an instance of the component in a schematic. For general examples,
open the dialog from the Start Page or File menu. As needed, use the Filter Options in the
dialog to narrow the list of projects available to select.
Refer to the "Find Example Project" topic in the PSoC Creator Help for more information.
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Voltage Fault Detector
Functional Description
The diagram below shows the schematic representation of the Voltage Fault Detector.
Figure 6. Schematic Representation of Voltage Fault Detector
1. The “VS[4:0]” signals are responsible for connecting the voltage to be tested to the analog
multiplexer. They are derived from a down counter block, so the voltages are muxedin to
the fault detection scheme in reverse order. The signals have a deadtime between them
ensuring a break-before-make connection
2. The first event is to latch the most recent comparator output into the Glitch Filter.
3. The vdac_wr control signal is generated next and is used to DMA the OV and UV
thresholds for the next voltage into the VDACs when they are enabled.
4. The res_rd control signal is generated last and is used to switch the context of the Glitch
Filter in and out of SRAM. The DMA controllers with the “_RD” suffix read the Glitch Filter
count for the current voltage and write it to SRAM. The DMA controllers with the “_WR”
suffix write the glitch filter result from the last measurement of the next voltage back from
SRAM back to the Glitch Filter
The “Glitch Filter” component is a counter that gets reset anytime the associated comparator
“power good” output is good. This causes the Glitch Filter “power fail” output to report good on
the next clock cycle. If the comparator output is bad, the counter inside the Glitch Filter starts to
increment. Once it hits the programmed count value (Glitch Filter delay), the Glitch Filter output
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Voltage Fault Detector
goes bad. Thus the Glitch Filter propagates good values immediately, but filters bad values only
once the programmed glitch filter count value expires.
The Glitch Filter outputs feed back into the bVoltageFaultDetector component where they are
latched into status registers for the CPU to access and are also used to generate the “power
good” outputs for the component “PG[x]”.
When internal VDACs are used to set the OV/UV thresholds, the user can select between the 01V range and the 0-4V range. The advantage of the 0-1V range is that the VDAC update rate is
higher (1 MHz) compared to the 250 kHz of the 0-4V range. This translates to a faster fault
detection time, critical in many applications. In either case, all voltages to be monitored need to
be scaled such that they fall within the selected VDAC range in the extreme case. That is, the
OV threshold for any given voltage must fall within the VDAC max limits. The general guideline is
that all voltages should be scaled such that the nominal voltage is within 85% of the selected
VDAC upper limit. This is assuming that the OV threshold is no more than 10% above nominal.
The customizer and the component datasheet need to provide recommendations for scaling and
enforce checks to make sure that the user’s settings match hardware capabilities.
Resources
The Voltage Fault Detector component is placed throughout the UDB array. The component
utilizes the following resources (for the Compare Type set to OV/UV).
Configuration
(number of voltages )
8
16
24
32
Resource Type
Datapath
Cells
1
1
1
1
Macrocells Status Cells Control Cells
88
92
109
127
2
4
6
8
3
3
3
3
DMA
Channels
6
6
6
6
Interrupts
–
–
–
–
API Memory Usage
The component memory usage varies significantly, depending on the compiler, device, number
of APIs used and component configuration. The following table provides the memory usage for
all APIs available in the given component configuration.
The measurements have been done with the associated compiler configured in Release mode
with optimization set for Size. For a specific design, the map file generated by the compiler can
be analyzed to determine the memory usage.
Configuration
(number of voltages )
8
16
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PSoC 3 (Keil_PK51)
Flash
SRAM
Bytes
Bytes
3002
85
3031
149
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24
32
3186
3253
Voltage Fault Detector
213
277
DC and AC Electrical Characteristics
The following values indicate expected performance and are based on initial characterization
data.
VFD DC Specifications
Component’s DC characteristics are related to VDAC and Comparator components DC
characteristics. Please refer to the appropriate datasheet for more information.
VFD AC Specifications
Parameter
CLKFreq
Description
Operating frequency
TFaultDet
Voltage fault detection time
(Per rail)
CMPTResp
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Internal DAC, 1V range
-
-
8
MHz
Internal DAC, 4V range
-
-
3.2
MHz
External reference
-
-
12
MHz
1V DAC range
1.8
2
2.2
μs
4V DAC range
4.5
5
5.5
μs
30
75
110
ns
Comparator response time
Component Changes
This section lists the major changes in the component from the previous version.
Version
Description of Changes
1.0.a
Minor datasheet edit.
1.0
First release
Document Number: 001-80924 Rev. *A
Reason for Changes / Impact
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
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Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described herein.
Cypress does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in lifesupport systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress’ product in a life-support systems application
implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement.
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Document Number: 001-80924 Rev. *A