August 2008 Automotive Grade AUIR33401S PROTECTED HIGH SIDE SWITCH FOR AUTOMOTIVE DC MOTOR DRIVE Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • Up to 20Khz PWM switching capability Charge pump for DC operation Active Dv/Dt control Load current feedback Short-circuit protection Programmable over current shutdown Over temperature shutdown Under voltage shutdown Gnd, IN and bootstrap pin loss protection E.S.D protection Low power mode Leadfree, RoHS compliant Automotive qualified* Product Summary Rds(on)@25°C 3.5mΩ max. Max current 33A Operating voltage 6 – 18V Application • • • • Fan engine cooling Air conditioning blower Pumps (oil, fuel, water…) Compressor Package Description The AUIR33401S is a 7 terminals high side switch for variable speed DC motor. It features simplify the design of the DC motor drive with a microcontroller. The Mosfet switches the power load proportionally to the input signal duty cycle at the same frequency and provides a current feedback on the Ifbk pin. The over-current shutdown is programmable from 10A to 33A. Over-current, over-temperature latch OFF the power switch, providing a digital diagnostic status on the input pin. In sleep mode, the device consumes less than 10uA. D2Pak - 7 leads Further integrated protections such as ESD, GND and Cboot disconnect protection guarantee safe operation in harsh conditions of the automotive environment. * Qualification standards can be found on IR’s web site ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 1 AUIR33401S † Qualification Information Automotive (per AEC-Q100††) Comments: This family of ICs has passed an Automotive qualification. IR’s Industrial and Consumer qualification level is granted by extension of the higher Automotive level. Qualification Level Moisture Sensitivity Level ESD 7L-DDPAK MSL1, 260°C (per IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020) Machine Model Class M3 (per AEC-Q-100-003) Human Body Model Class H2 (per AEC-Q-100-002) Charged Device Model Class C5 (per AEC-Q-100-011) RoHS Compliant Yes † Qualification standards can be found at International Rectifier’s web site http://www.irf.com/ †† Exceptions to AEC-Q100 requirements are noted in the qualification report. ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 2 AUIR33401S Design: basic schematic with micro-processor The basic circuit is giving all the functionality to drive a motor up to 33A DC. RIfbk set both the level current shutdown and the current feedback reading scale. The IN signal provides the Pwm duty cycle to the AUIR33401S. D1 is the free wheeling diode during PWM operation. As the equivalent circuit between Vbat and – Mot is 2 diode in series (the body diode of the AUIR33401S and D1), the system requires T1, D2, R1 and R2 to sustain the reverse battery. Recommended connection with reverse battery protection 1: +Bat Micro-processor C3 I/O I/O IN Diag C1 100nF Vcc RIN CBoot IN Rpdiag AUIR33401S A/D Gnd Ifbk C4 RpIfbk Current shutdown programming resistor RIfbk Ifbk Cboot 100nF Vbat + Mot Output Gnd C2 1nF D1 MBR 3045CT R2 10k - Mot GND T1 IRF140 D2 12V Gnd Figure 1: Recommended schematic 1 This is the recommended schematic with an optional reverse battery . The recommended load is an inductive load. This part may not be suitable for application conditions other than those specified above. Please contact IR’s Automotive Technical support for further details on other applications requirement. DC to 20 kHz operation The AUIR33401S is able to operate in DC and high speed switching operation. To be able to switch at 20 kHz, a bootstrap capacitor is used externally. The device integrates the power supply of the bootstrap capacitor. In DC operation, when the capacitor is discharged, the charge pump maintains the device ON. 1 The reverse battery is optional. Remove T1, D2, R2 and connect –Mot to Gnd to remove the features. ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 3 AUIR33401S Active dv/dt control to reduce EMI Typical Connection The AUIR33401S includes a special gate drive, managing the Mosfet dv/dt controlled internally, by managing the gate voltage dynamically. To have the best compromise between the EMI levels and power loss, during the turn on and off phase, the dv/dt output is dv/dt is not linear. The output voltage shape is an “S” shape. Sense Load current feedback and programmable current shutdown The Ifbk pin allows an analog measurement of the load current and with an external resistor allows to program the over current shutdown level from 10A to 33A. The voltage threshold level of the Ifbk pin is internally set to 4V (See the formulas below). It is also possible to dynamically adjust the current shutdown protection versus time by adding some external components. This protection is latched. The operating mode is recovered after resetting by the sleep mode. Rifbk = Vifbk − gnd min Imax appli + Offset Vifbk Ishtd max = Rifbk × Ratio min − gnd max × Ratio max + Offset calculated Where: Imax appli is the maximum application current Ishtd max is the maximum output shutdown current Internal over current shutdown The maximum current shutdown threshold value is internally fixed to 50A typ. This protection is latched. The operating mode is recovered after resetting by the sleep mode. Under voltage lock-out The AUIR33401S remains operational from UV Lo threshold. Under this continuous voltage, the device will be locked until the voltage recovers the operating range, according to an internal hysteresis fixed to 0,5V min. The maximum rating voltage is given by the Trench VDMOS technology where the avalanche voltage is up to 43V typically. Sleep mode and reset fault: The sleep mode is enabled if the IN pin stay low (Vin < Vin µpower) more than Tslp time. The consumption in sleep mode is Icc off. The AUIR33401S wakes up at first rise edge on the IN pin (Vin > Vin µpower). This mode allows resetting all the latched faults. (Cf. Figure 2: Wake sequence, sleep mode and reset latched fault.) Wake up sequence: The AUIR33401S has a power on reset. After wake up it by the IN signal, the devices wait for Tpwr_on_rst before activate the output power mosfet. This time is necessary to charge properly the bootstrap capacitor and to stabilize the internal power supply. (Cf. Figure 2: Wake sequence, sleep mode and reset latched fault.) ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 4 AUIR33401S In pin and digital diagnostic The IN has two functions. In normal working condition, the output follows the IN pin digital level. In latched fault condition (over current and over temperature shutdown), the IN pin provides a digital frequency signal feedback to the µ-processor. Reset fault Fault Vpwm Tpwron_rst Tslp Input pin Diag ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ 5v 1 1 × 2 FDiag ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ ≈ VdiagL ≈ 5v Vout Vcc Figure 2: Wake sequence, sleep mode and reset latched fault. ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 5 AUIR33401S Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute maximum ratings indicate sustained limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. All voltage parameters are referenced to Vcc lead. (Tambient=25°C unless otherwise specified). Symbol Parameter Vout Vin Vcc max. Vcc cont Iin, max. Pd Maximum output voltage Maximum input voltage Maximum Vcc voltage Maximum continuous Vcc voltage Maximum input current Maximum power dissipation Rth=60°C/W Electrostatic discharge voltage (Human body) C=100pF, R=1500Ω Charge device model (CDM) Max. storage & operating temperature junction temperature Soldering temperature (10 seconds) ESD1 ESD2 Tj max. Tsoldering Min. Gnd-5v -0.3 Max. ⎯ Vcc+0.3 5.5 36 28 10 2 ⎯ 4 ⎯ 1 150 300 ⎯ ⎯ -0.3 -40 ⎯ Units V V V V mA W kV °C °C Thermal Characteristics Symbol Parameter Rth1 Rth2 Thermal resistance junction to ambient Thermal resistance junction to case Typ. Max. 60 0.65 ⎯ ⎯ Units °C/W Recommended Operating Conditions These values are given for a quick design. For operation outside these conditions, please consult the application notes. Symbol Parameter Vcc max. Iout Cboot RIN Rpdiag Power supply voltage DC output current Tj=145°C, Tamb=85°C, Rth=5°C/W Bootstrap capacitor Recommended resistor in series with In pin Recommended resistor in series with In pin to read the diagnostic Recommended resistor to program over current shutdown Recommended resistor in series with RIfbk pin to read the current feedback Maximum input frequency RIfbk RpIfbk F max. ww.irf.com Min. Max. 6 100 1 10 18 33 220 10 50 V A nF kΩ kΩ 0.6 5 kΩ 10 25 kΩ ⎯ 20 kHz ⎯ © 2007 International Rectifier Units 6 AUIR33401S Static Electrical Characteristics Tj=25°C, Vcc=14V (unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter VIL VIH Vin Hyst Iin, on ON state resistance Tj=25°C ON state resistance Tj=25°C 2 ON state resistance Tj=150°C Forward voltage of the body diode Supply current in µPower mode Gnd current when the device is on Output leakage when the MOSFET is off and the device is woken up Breakdown voltage between Vcc and Vout Input threshold voltage to enter in µpower mode IN Low threshold voltage IN High threshold voltage Input hysteresis On state input current Iboot Bootstrap current charge Vboot VdiagL Bootstrap voltage Low level diagnostic output voltage Rds(on) Vf Icc off Icc on Mos Lkg on Vbrk Vin µpower Min. Typ. Max. Units ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ 3 3 5.5 3.5 3.5 mΩ 0.55 ⎯ ⎯ ⎯ 1 3 1.1 10 5 V µA mA ⎯ 8.5 15 mA 39 43 ⎯ V 0.6 0.8 ⎯ V 2 2.5 2.8 ⎯ ⎯ 0.25 10 20 3 0.8 30 V V V µA 0.5 ⎯ 1.3 A ⎯ ⎯ 5.4 ⎯ ⎯ 0.4 V V ⎯ ⎯ Test Conditions Iout=30A Iout=17A Vcc=6V Iout=30A Vin=0V I_Cboot = 0A Out = 0V Vin = 5v Vout = 0V Cboot =500nF Vin = 5V Rin = 1kΩ Switching Electrical Characteristics Vcc=14V, Inductive load= 1Ω resistor, Tj=25°C (unless otherwise specified) 2 Symbol Parameter Td on Tr dv/dt(on) Td off Tf dv/dt(off) Turn-on delay time Rise time Turn on dv/dt Turn-off delay time Fall time Turn off dv/dt Min. Typ. Max. Units 0.5 1.35 1 20 2.5 1 20 1.8 µs µs V/µs µs µs V/µs ⎯ 8 1.5 ⎯ 8 ⎯ 30 3.8 ⎯ 30 Conditions Guaranteed by design ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 7 AUIR33401S Protection Characteristics Vcc=14V, Tj=25°C (unless otherwise specified). Symbol Vifbk - Gnd Isd Isd 1k Tsd UV Ho UV Lo UV Hyst Tslp Tpwr_on_rst Fdiag Parameter Over current threshold voltage Maximum over current shutdown Current shutdown Rifbk = 1k Over temperature threshold Under voltage turn on Under voltage turn off Under voltage hysteresis Sleep mode time and fault reset Power on reset time diagnostic frequency Min. Typ. Max. Units 3.8 40 18 155 4.15 80 33 175 5.7 4.8 1.5 50 15 ⎯ 4 50 25 165 5 4.2 0.8 30 8.5 250 ⎯ V A A °C V V V ms µs Hz Min. Typ. Max. Units -3 5250 0.18 6400 3 7450 A ⎯ ⎯ 0.5 20 7 Conditions Current Sense Characteristics Tj=25°C (unless otherwise specified), Rifb=1kΩ Symbol Offset Ratio Parameter Load current diagnostic offset I load / (Ifb – Offset ) Conditions ⎯ Leads Assignment PART NUMBER 1 : Ifbk 2 : IN 3 : Gnd 4 : Vcc (Tab) 5 : CBoot 6 : OUT 7 : OUT ww.irf.com AUIR33401S D2Pak 7 leads © 2007 International Rectifier 8 AUIR33401S Vpulse Iboot = Cboot × dV dt Vboot Vboot 4V dV 1V dt Figure 3 : Iboot test circuit Vin Vout 90% 60% Dv on 10% Tdon Dv off Dt on Tdoff Tr Dt off Tf Figure 4 : Switching time test circuit ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 9 AUIR33401S Functional Block Diagram Vcc All values are typical Vss Treset Boot strap regulator Internal power supply Charge Pump On/Off Uvlo 6v R S 75V IN 6V Level Shifter Diagnostic Logic input Q Cboot Driver & Dv/dt control 43V Tj > 165°C + - + Vdd Isd fixed + 4V Gnd - Ifbk OUT Internal diode schematic All values are typical ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 10 AUIR33401S 4 VIL VIH Hihyst Vin uP 5 4 Voltage level in V Input voltage in V 3 2 1 0 3 Vifb-gnd 2 1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 -50 100 125 150 -25 0 25 Temperature in °C 75 100 125 150 Temperature in °C Figure 5: Input parameters vs. temperature Figure 6: Vifb-gnd vs. temperature 6 180% 160% 5 140% 4 UV LO 3 UV HI UV Hyst 2 1 0 Normalized Rdson in % Battery voltage in V 50 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Temperature in °C Figure 7: Under voltage parameters vs. temperature ww.irf.com -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Tj, junction temperature in °C Figure 8: Normalized Rdson Vs Tj © 2007 International Rectifier 11 AUIR33401S 12 40 35 10 30 25 6 Tpwr_on_rst 4 Time in ms Time in µs 8 2 0 -50 -25 20 Tslp 15 10 5 0 25 50 0 -50 -25 75 100 125 150 0 Temperature in °C 60 1,4 Isdf 30 20 10 0 -50 -25 1,2 1 Time in µs Current in A 1,6 40 75 100 125 150 Figure 10: Tslp vs. temperature 70 Isd 1k 50 Temperature in °C Figure 9: Tpwr_on_rst vs. temperature 50 25 0,8 0,6 0,4 Tr 0,2 Tf 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Temperature in °C Figure 11: Current shutdown vs. temperature ww.irf.com -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Temperature in °C Figure 12: Rise and fall time vs. temperature © 2007 International Rectifier 12 AUIR33401S 25 6 5 20 3 Tdon Tdoff 2 Dv/dt in V/µs Time in µs 4 15 10 DvDtOn DvDtOff 5 1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 0 -50 -25 75 100 125 150 0 50 75 100 125 150 Temperature in °C Temperature in °C Figure 13: Tdon & off vs. temperature Figure 14: Dv/dt on & off vs. temperature 6 1,0 0,9 5 0,8 0,7 4 0,6 3 Vcboot 2 Time in µs Time in µs 25 0,5 Iboot 0,4 0,3 0,2 1 0,1 0 0,0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Temperature in °C Figure 15: Bootstrap voltage vs. temperature ww.irf.com -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Temperature in °C Figure 16: Current bootstrap vs. temperature © 2007 International Rectifier 13 AUIR33401S Figure 17: Transient thermal impedance vs. time ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 14 AUIR33401S Case Outline 7L D2PAK ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 15 AUIR33401S ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 16 AUIR33401S The information provided in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, International Rectifier assumes no responsibility for the consequences of the use of this information. International Rectifier assumes no responsibility for any infringement of patents or of other rights of third parties which may result from the use of this information. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of International Rectifier. The specifications mentioned in this document are subject to change without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. For technical support, please contact IR’s Technical Assistance Center http://www.irf.com/technical-info/ WORLD HEADQUARTERS: 233 Kansas St., El Segundo, California 90245 Tel: (310) 252-7105 ww.irf.com © 2007 International Rectifier 17 AUIR33401S Revision History Revision A Date 25/07/08 ww.irf.com Notes/Changes First release © 2007 International Rectifier 18