Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
The Allegro ACS752 family of current sensors provides economical and precise
solutions for current sensing in industrial, commercial, and communications systems. The device package allows easy implementation by the customer. Typical
applications include: motor control, load detection and management, switched
mode power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection.
4
5
1
Pin 1: VCC
Pin 2: Gnd
Pin 3: Output
2
3
Terminal 4: Ip+
Terminal 5: Ip-
The sensor consists of a precision linear Hall IC, which is optimized to an internal
magnetic circuit to increase device sensitivity. The combination of a precisely
controlled self-aligning assembly process (patents pending), and the factory programmed precision of the linear Hall sensor, result in high-level performance and
product uniformity.
The primary conductor used for current sensing (terminals 4 and 5) is designed
for extremely low power loss. These power terminals also are electrically isolated
from the sensor leads (pins 1, 2, and 3). This allows the ACS752 family of sensors to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation, without using optoisolators or other costly isolation techniques.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
The output of this device has a positive slope (>VCC / 2) when an increasing current flows from terminal 4 to terminal 5.
Operating Temperature
S ..................................................... –20 to +85ºC
Supply Voltage, Vcc........................................... 16 V
Output Voltage ................................................... 16 V
Output Current Source ..................................... 3 mA
Output Current Sink........................................10 mA
Maximum Storage Temperature...................... 170°C
Maximum Junction Temperature .................... 165°C
The ACS752 family is lead-free. All leads are coated with 100% matte tin, and
there is no lead inside the package. The heavy gauge leadframe is made of
oxygen-free copper.
Features and Benefits
Always order by complete part number:
ACS752SCA-100
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Monolithic Hall IC for high reliability
Single +5 V supply
High isolation voltage
Lead-free
UL recognized
End-of-line factory-trimmed for gain and offset
Ultra-low power loss: low resistance of primary conductor
Ratiometric output from supply voltage
Low thermal drift of offset voltage
On-chip transient protection
Small package size, with easy mounting capability
Applications
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ACS752100-DS Rev.3
Industrial systems
Motor control
Power distribution
Battery power systems
Electric vehicles
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Functional Block Diagram
IP–
Terminal 5
+5V
VCC
Amp
Filter
Dynamic Offset
Cancellation
Pin 1
Out
VOUT
Pin 3
0.1 µF
GND
Pin 2
IP+
Terminal 4
2
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS, over temperature unless otherwise stated
Characteristic
Symbol
Test Conditions
Min.
Primary Sensed Current
IP
–100
Supply Voltage
VCC
4.5
Supply Current
ICC
Vcc = 5.0 V, output open
–
Output Resistance
ROUT
IOUT = 1.2 mA
–
Primary Conductor Resistance
RPRIMARY
IP = ±100A, TA = 25°C
–
Isolation Voltage
VISO
Pins 1-3 and 4-5, 60 Hz, 1 minute
3.0
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -20°C to +85°C, VCC = 5 V unless otherwise specified
Propagation time
tPROP
IP = ±50 A, T = 25°C
–
Response time
tRESPONSE IP = ±50 A, T = 25°C
–
Rise time
tr
IP = ±50 A, T = 25°C
Frequency Bandwidth
f
–3 dB , T = 25°C
±IP, T = 25°C
±IP
Peak-to-peak, T = 25°C,
no external filter
±IP
±IP
I = 0 A, T = 25°C
I = 0 A, T = 25°C
I=0A
I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A
±IP, T = 25°C
±IP
Sensitivity
Sens
Noise
VNOISE
Nonlinearity
Symmetry
Zero Current Output Voltage
ELIN
ESYM
VOUT(Q)
Electrical Offset Voltage
(Magnetic error not included)
VOE
Magnetic Offset Error
VOM
Total Output Error
(Including all offsets)
ETOT
Typ.
–
5.0
7
1
130
–
Max.
100
5.5
10
2
–
–
Units
A
V
mA
Ω
μΩ
kV
4
8
–
–
μs
μs
–
7
–
μs
–
19.0
18.0
50
20.0
–
–
21.0
22.0
kHz
mV/A
mV/A
–
55
–
mV
–
98
–
–40
–50
–
–
–
–
100
2.5
–
–
±0.3
±1
–
±4.4
102
–
40
50
±0.65
–
±9
%
%
V
mV
mV
A
%
%
3
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Supply Current
Vcc = 5 V
Sensitivity
Vcc = 5 V
30
9
28
8.5
Sensitivity [mV/A]
8
Icc (mA)
-20 °C
25 °C
85 °C
26
7.5
7
24
22
20
18
16
14
6.5
12
6
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
10
-150
100
Temperature (°C)
0
50
Primary Current (A)
100
150
Symmetry
Vcc = 5 V
102
4
101.5
3.5
101
3
Symmetry (%)
Vout (V)
-50
Vout vs Primary Current
Vcc = 5 V
4.5
Ip = 100 A
100.5
2.5
2
-20ºC
25ºC
85ºC
1.5
100
99.5
99
1
98.5
0.5
-100
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
98
100
-40
Primary Current (A)
-20
0
Non-Linearity at +100 A
Vcc = 5 V
4
3.5
Ip = +100 A
Non-Linearity (%)
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
20
40
Temperature (°C)
60
80
100
60
80
100
Non-Linearity at –100 A
Vcc = 5 V
4
3.5
Non-Linearity (%)
-100
Ip = -100 A
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0.5
0
-40
-20
0
20
40
Temperature (°C)
60
80
100
0
-40
-20
0
20
40
Temperature (°C)
4
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Magnetic Offset
Vcc = 5 V
0.7
Magnetic Offset (A)
0.6
I = 0 A, after excursion to 100 A
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-40
-20
0
20
40
Temperature (°C)
60
80
100
60
80
100
0 Ampere Accuracy Error
Vcc = 5 V
Without Offset
0 A Accuracy Error (A)
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-40
-20
0
20
40
Temperature (°C)
Total Accuracy
5
100{[(MeasQVo@Ip – IdealQVo@Ip) � IdealSens] � Ip}
4
Total Accuracy (%)
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-40
-20
0
20
40
Temperature (°C)
60
80
100
5
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Definitions of Accuracy Characteristics
Sensitivity (Sens): The change in sensor output in response to a 1 A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the
product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G / A) and the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G). The linear IC amplifier gain is trimmed at the
factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the full-scale current of the device.
Noise (VNOISE): The product of the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC (≈1 G).
The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the sensitivity (mV/
A) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve.
Linearity (ELIN): The degree to which the voltage output from the sensor varies in direct proportion to the primary current through
its full-scale amplitude. Linearity reveals the maximum deviation from the ideal transfer curve for this transducer. Nonlinearity in the
output can be attributed to the gain variation across temperature and saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the linearity:
{ [
100 1–
where
��gain ��% sat ( Vout_full-scale amperes – VOUT(Q) )
2 (Vout_half-scale amperes – VOUT(Q) )
[{
∆ gain = the gain variation as a function of temperature changes from 25ºC,
% sat = the percentage of saturation of the flux concentrator, which becomes significant as the current
being sensed approaches full-scale ±IP , and
Vout_full-scale amperes = the output voltage (V) when the sensed current approximates full-scale ±IP .
Symmetry (ESYM): The degree to which the absolute voltage output from the sensor varies in proportion to either a positive or negative full-scale primary current. The following equation is used to derive symmetry:
100
[
Vout_+full-scale amperes – VOUT(Q)
VOUT(Q) –Vout_–full-scale amperes
[
Quiescent output voltage (VOUT(Q)): The output of the sensor when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it
nominally remains at VCC ⁄ 2. Thus, VCC = 5 V translates into VOUT(Q) = 2.5 V. Variation in VOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution
of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim, magnetic hysteresis, and thermal drift.
Electrical offset voltage (VOE): The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value of VCC ⁄ 2 due to nonmagnetic causes.
Magnetic offset error (VOM): The magnetic offset is due to the residual magnetism (remnant field) of the core material. The magnetic
offset error is highest when the magnetic circuit has been saturated, usually when the device has been subjected to a full-scale or highcurrent overload condition. The magnetic offset is largely dependent on the material used as a flux concentrator. The larger magnetic
offsets are observed at the lower operating temperatures.
Accuracy (ETOT): The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the
total ouput error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the Output Voltage versus Current chart on the following page.
Accuracy is divided into four areas:
• 0 A at 25°C: Accuracy of sensing zero current flow at 25°C, without the effects of temperature.
• 0 A over temperature: Accuracy of sensing zero current flow including temperature effects.
• Full-scale current at 25°C: Accuracy of sensing the full-scale current at 25°C, without the effects of temperature.
• Full-scale current over Δ temperature: Accuracy of sensing full-scale current flow including temperature effects.
6
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Output voltage vs. current, illustrating sensor accuracy at 0 A and at full-scale current
Increasing VOUT (V)
Accuracy
Over �Temperature
Accuracy
25°C Only
Average
VOUT
Accuracy
Over �Temperature
Accuracy
25°C Only
–IP (A)
100 A
–100 A
+IP (A)
Full Scale
0A
Accuracy
25°C Only
Accuracy
Over �Temperature
Decreasing VOUT (V)
7
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Definitions of Dynamic Response Characteristics
Propagation delay (tPROP): The time required for the sensor output to reflect a change in the primary current
signal. Propagation delay is attributed to inductive loading within the linear IC package, as well as in the inductive loop formed by the primary conductor geometry. Propagation delay can be considered as a fixed time offset
and may be compensated.
I (%)
Primary Current
90
Transducer Output
0
Propagation Time, tPROP
t
Response time (tRESPONSE): The time interval between a) when the primary current signal reaches 90% of its
final value, and b) when the sensor reaches 90% of its output corresponding to the applied current.
I (%)
Primary Current
90
Transducer Output
0
Response Time, tRESPONSE
t
Rise time (tr): The time interval between a) when the sensor reaches 10% of its full scale value, and b) when
it reaches 90% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the
current sensor, in which ƒ(–3 dB) = 0.35 / tr. Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current
losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane and, to varying degrees, in the ferrous flux concentrator
within the current sensor package.
I (%)
Primary Current
90
Transducer Output
10
0
Rise Time, tr
t
8
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Standards and Physical Specifications
Parameter
Specification
Flammability (package molding compound)
UL recognized to UL 94V-0
Creepage distance, current terminals to sensor pins
7.25 mm
Clearance distance, current terminals to sensor pins
7.25 mm
Package mass
4.18 g typical
Step Response, IPRIMARY = 0 to 50 A
ACS752 Output (mV)
Applied Step (A)
9
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
Package CA
10
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.
Current Sensor: ACS752SCA-100
The products described herein are manufactured under one
or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783;
5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319;
5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other
patents pending.
Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time
to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be
required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability,
or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the
user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is
current.
Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support devices or systems without express written
approval.
The information included herein is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other
rights of third parties which may result from its use.
11
ACS752100-DS Rev.3
115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000
Copyright © 2003, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.