ATMEL ATR2406 Low-if 2.4-ghz ism transceiver Datasheet

Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Fully Integrated Low IF Receiver
Fully Integrated GFSK Modulator for 72, 144, 288, 576 and 1152 Kbits/s
High Sensitivity of Typically –93 dBm Due to Integrated LNA
High Output Power of Typically +4 dBm
Multi-channel Operation
– 95 Channels
– Support Frequency Hopping (ETSI) and Digital Modulation (FCC)
Supply-voltage Range 2.9V to 3.6V (Unregulated)
Auxiliary Voltage Regulator on Chip (3.2V to 4.6V)
Low Current Consumption
Few Low-cost External Components
Integrated Ramp-signal Generator and Power Control for an Additional Power Amplifier
Low Profile Lead-free Plastic Package QFN32 (5 mm × 5 mm × 0.9 mm)
RoHs Compliant
Low-IF 2.4-GHz
ISM Transceiver
ATR2406
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
High-tech Multi-user Toys
Wireless Game Controllers
Telemetry
Wireless Audio/Video
Electronic Point of Sales
Wireless Head Set
FCC CFR47, Part 15, ETSI EN 300 328, EN 300 440 and ARIB STD-T-66 Compliant Radio
Links
1. Description
The ATR2406 is a single chip RF transceiver intended for applications in the 2.4-GHz
ISM band. The QFN32-packaged IC is a complete transceiver including image rejection mixer, low IF filter, FM demodulator, RSSI, TX preamplifier, power-ramping
generator for external power amplifier, integrated synthesizer, and a fully integrated
VCO and TX filter. No mechanical adjustment is necessary in production.
The RF transceiver offers a clock recovery function on-chip.
4779L–ISM–09/06
Figure 1-1.
Block Diagram
REG_DEC VREG REG_CTRL VS_REG
IREF
VS_SYN
VREG_VCO
VCO
REG
AUX
REG
AUX
REG
LNA
IR-Mixer
BP
VS_IFD
VS_IFA
VS_RX/TX
LIMITER
RSSI
RX_IN
DEMOD
RX_DATA
RSSI
PA
VCO
Divider
by 2
TX_OUT
BUS
CLOCK
DATA
ENABLE
TEST1
TEST2
RAMP_OUT
RAMP
GEN
PLL
PU_REG
GAUSSIAN
FILTER
CTRL
LOGIC
PU_TRX
RX_ON
TX_ON
nOLE
CP
REF_CLK TX_DATA
VTUNE
2. Pin Configuration
Pinning QFN32 - 5 × 5
ENABLE
DATA
CLOCK
TX_DATA
RX_DATA
PU_TRX
nOLE
TX_ON
Figure 2-1.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25
24
23
22
ATR2406 21
20
19
18
17
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
RX_ON
IC
IC
RAMP_OUT
TX_OUT
RX_IN1
RX_IN2
VS_TRX
REG_CTRL
VREG
VS_REG
REG_DEC
VREG_VCO
VTUNE
CP
VS_SYN
PU_REG
REF_CLK
RSSI
VS_IFD
VS_IFA
RX-CLOCK
IC
IREF
2
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
Table 2-1.
Pin Description
Pin
Symbol
Function
1
PU_REG
Power-up input for auxiliary regulator
2
REF_CLK
Reference frequency input
3
RSSI
4
VS_IFD
Digital supply voltage
5
VS_IFA
Analog supply voltage for IF circuits
6
RX-CLOCK
7
IC
8
IREF
External resistor for band-gap reference
9
REG_CTRL
Auxiliary voltage regulator control output
10
VREG
11
VS_REG
12
REG_DEC
13
VREG_VCO
14
VTUNE
Received signal strength indicator output
RX-CLOCK, if RX mode with clock recovery is active
Internally connected. Connect to VS if internal AUX regulator is not used
Auxiliary voltage regulator output
Auxiliary voltage regulator supply voltage
Decoupling pin for VCO_REG
VCO voltage regulator
VCO tuning voltage input
15
CP
16
VS_SYN
Synchronous supply voltage
Charge-pump output
17
VS_TRX
Transmitter receiver supply voltage
18
RX_IN2
Differential receiver input 2
19
RX_IN1
Differential receiver input 1
20
TX_OUT
TX driver amplifier output
21
RAMP_OUT
Ramp generator output for PA power ramping
22
IC
Internally connected, do not connect on PCB
23
IC
Internally connected, do not connect on PCB
24
RX_ON
RX control input
25
TX_ON
TX control input
26
nOLE
Open loop enable input
27
PU_TRX
RX/TX/PLL/VCO power-up input
28
RX_DATA
RX data output
29
TX_DATA
TX data input
30
CLOCK
3-wire-bus: Clock input
31
DATA
3-wire-bus: Data input
32
ENABLE
Paddle
GND
3-wire-bus: Enable input
Ground
3
4779L–ISM–09/06
3. Functional Description
3.1
Receiver
The RF signal at RF_IN is differentially fed through the LNA to the image rejection mixer
IR_MIXER, driving the integrated low-IF band-pass filter. The IF frequency is 864 kHz. The
limiting IF_AMP with an integrated RSSI function feeds the signal to the digital demodulator
DEMOD. No tuning is required. Data slicing is handled internally.
3.2
Clock Recovery
For a 1152-kBit/s data rate, the receiver has a clock recovery function on-chip.
The receiver includes a clock recovery circuit which regenerates the clock out of the received
data. The advantage is that this recovered clock is synchronous to the clock of the transmitting
device (and thus to the transmitted data), which significantly reduces the load of the processing microcontroller.
The falling edge of the clock is the optimal sampling position for the RX_Data signal, so at this
event the data must be sampled by the microcontroller. The recovered clock is available at
pin 6.
3.3
Transmitter
The transmit data at TX_DATA is filtered by an integrated Gaussian filter (GF) and fed to the
fully integrated VCO operating at twice the output frequency. After modulation, the signal is
frequency divided by 2 and fed to the internal preamplifier PA. This preamplifier supplies typically +4 dBm output power at TX_OUT.
A ramp-signal generator RAMP_GEN, providing a ramp signal at RAMP_OUT for the external
power amplifier, is integrated. The slope of the ramp signal is controlled internally so that spurious requirements are fulfilled.
3.4
Synthesizer
The IR_MIXER, the PA, and the programmable counter (PC) are driven by the fully integrated
VCO, using on-chip inductors and varactors. The output signal is frequency divided to supply
the desired frequency to the TX_DRIVER, the 0/90 degree phase shifter for the IR_MIXER,
and to be used by the PC for the phase detector (PD) (fPD = 1.728 MHz). Open loop modulation is supported.
3.5
Power Supply
An integrated band-gap–stabilized voltage regulator for use with an external low-cost PNP
transistor is implemented. Multiple power-down and current saving modes are provided.
4
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
4. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating
only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this
specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Parameters
Symbol
Min.
Max.
Unit
Supply voltage auxiliary regulator
VS
–0.3
+4.7
V
Supply voltage
VS
–0.3
+3.6
V
Vcontr
–0.3
VS
V
Storage temperature
Tstg
–40
+125
°C
Input RF level
PRF
+10
dBm
VESD_ana
TBD
V
VESD_dig
TBD
V
Control voltages
ESD protection
Electrostatic sensitive device.
Observe precautions for handling.
5. Operating Range
Parameters
Symbol
Min.
Max.
Unit
VS
2.9
3.6
V
VS_BATT
3.2
4.6
V
Temperature ambient
Tamb
–10
+60
°C
Input frequency range
fRX
2400
2483
MHz
Supply voltage
Auxiliary regulator supply voltage
5
4779L–ISM–09/06
6. Electrical Characteristics
VS = 3.6V with AUX regulator, Tamb = 25°C, unless otherwise specified
No.
1
Parameters
Test Conditions
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Supply
1.1
Supply voltage
With AUX regulator
VS
3.2
3.6
4.6
V
1.2
Supply voltage
Without AUX regulator
VS
2.9
3.0
3.6
V
1.3
RX supply current
1.4
TX supply current
1.5
Battery lifetime of a remote
control application using an
AVR®
See Section 10. ”Appendix:
Current Calculations for a Remote
Control” on page 20
1.6
Supply current in power-down
mode
1.7
Supply current in power-down
mode
2
CW mode (peak current)
IS
57
mA
Burst mode at 10 Kbits/s(4)
IS
625
µA
CW mode (peak current)
IS
42
mA
Burst mode at 10 Kbits/s(4)
IS
500
µA
With AUX regulator
PU_TRX = 0; PU_REG = 0
IS
<1
µA
Without AUX regulator
PU_TRX = 0; PU_REG = 0
IS
<1
µA
Voltage Regulator
2.1
AUX regulator
VREG
3.0
V
2.2
VCO regulator
VREG_VCO
2.7
V
72/144/288/576/1152
kBits/s
3
Transmitter Part
3.1
TX data rate
3.2
Output power
3.3
TX data filter clock
9 taps in filter
3.4
Frequency deviation
To be tuned by GFCS bits
3.5
Frequency deviation scaling(3)
GFFM = GFFM_nom × GFCS
(Refer to bus protocol D9 to D11)
GFCS
3.6
Frequency drift
With standard loop filter and slot
length of 1400 µs (Refer to the
application note “ATR2406 Loop
Filter and Data Rates”)
∆fo (drift)
3.7
Harmonics
BW = 100 kHz(1)
3.8
Spurious emissions
30 – 1000 MHz
1 – 12.75 GHz
1.8 – 1.9 GHz
5.15 – 5.3 GHz
BW = 100 kHz(1)
4
PTX
4
dBm
fTXFCLK
10.368/13.824
MHz
GFFM_nom
±400
kHz
60
130
%
±40
kHz
–41.2
dBm
–57
–57
–57
–57
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
Ramp Generator, Pin 21
4.1
Minimum output voltage
TX_ON = low
Vmin
4.2
Maximum output voltage
Refer to bus protocol D12 to D13
Vmax
0.7
1.1
V
1.9
V
4.3
Rise time
tr
5
µs
4.4
Fall time
tf
5
µs
Notes:
®
1. Measured and guaranteed only on the Atmel evaluation board, including microstrip filter, balun, and Smart Radio Frequency (Smart RF) firmware. Conducted measured.
2. Timing is determined by external loop filter characteristics. Faster timing can be achieved by modification of the loop filter.
For further information refer to the application notes.
3. The Gaussian filter control setting (GFCS) is used to compensate production tolerances by tuning the modulation deviation
in production to the nominal value of 400 kHz.
4. Burst mode with 0.9% duty cycle
6
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
6. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
VS = 3.6V with AUX regulator, Tamb = 25°C, unless otherwise specified
No.
5
5.1
Parameters
Test Conditions
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Receiver Part
RX input impedance
Differential
5.2
Sensitivity
At input for BER ≤ 10-3
at 1152 kBits/s(1)
5.3
Third order input intercept point
Zin
IIP3
170 + j0
Ω
–93
dBm
–15
dBm
-3
5.4
Intermodulation rejection
BER < 10 , wanted at -83 dBm,
level of interferers in channels
N + 2 and N + 4(1)
IM3
32
dBc
5.5
Co-channel rejection
BER < 10-3, wanted at –76 dBm(1)
RCO
–11
dBc
5.6
Adjacent channel rejection
±1.728 MHz
BER < 10-3, wanted at –76 dBm,
adjacent level referred to wanted
channel level(1)
Ri (N – 1)
14
dBc
5.7
Bi-adjacent channel rejection
±3.456 MHz
BER < 10-3, wanted at –76 dBm,
bi-adjacent level referred to wanted
channel level(1)
Ri (N – 2)
30
dBc
5.8
Rejection with ≥ 3 channels
separation
≥ ±5.128 MHz
BER < 10-3, wanted at –76 dBm,
n ≥ 3 adjacent level referred to
wanted channel level(1)
Ri (n ≥ 3)
40
dBc
5.9
Out of band rejection > 6 MHz
BER < 10-3, wanted at –83 dBm at
2.45 GHz(1)
Bldf>6MHz
38
dBc
Out of band rejection
5.10 2300 MHz to 2394 MHz
2506 MHz to 2600 GHz
BER < 10-3, wanted at –83 dBm at
2.45 GHz(1)
Blnear
47
dBc
Out of band rejection
5.11 30 MHz to 2300 MHz
2600 MHz to 6 GHz
BER < 10-3, wanted at –83 dBm at
2.45 GHz(1)
Blfar
57
dBc
6
RSSI Part
6.1
Maximum RSSI output voltage
6.2
RSSI output voltage, monotonic With –33 dBm at RF input
over range –96 dBm to –36 dBm With –96 dBm at RF input
7
Under high RX input signal level
VRSSImax
2.1
V
VRSSI
1.9
0.1
V
V
VCO
7.1
Oscillator frequency defined at
TX output
7.2
Frequency control voltage range
VVTUNE
7.3
VCO tuning input gain defined at
TX output
GVCO
Notes:
Over full temperature range(1)
2400
2483
MHz
0.5
VCC – 0.5
V
240
MHz/V
1. Measured and guaranteed only on the Atmel® evaluation board, including microstrip filter, balun, and Smart Radio Frequency (Smart RF) firmware. Conducted measured.
2. Timing is determined by external loop filter characteristics. Faster timing can be achieved by modification of the loop filter.
For further information refer to the application notes.
3. The Gaussian filter control setting (GFCS) is used to compensate production tolerances by tuning the modulation deviation
in production to the nominal value of 400 kHz.
4. Burst mode with 0.9% duty cycle
7
4779L–ISM–09/06
6. Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
VS = 3.6V with AUX regulator, Tamb = 25°C, unless otherwise specified
No.
Parameters
8
Synthesizer
Test Conditions
Symbol
8.1
External reference input
frequency
D7 = 0
D7 = 1
REF_CLK
8.2
Sinusoidal input signal level
(peak-to-peak value)
AC-coupled sine wave
REF_CLK
8.3
Scaling factor prescaler
SPSC
8.4
Scaling factor main counter
SMC
8.5
Scaling factor swallow counter
SSC
9
Min.
Typ.
10.368
13.824
500
MHz
MHz
1000
32/33
mVPP
-
86/87/88/89
0
Unit
31
-
Phase Detector
9.1
Phase detector comparison
frequency
10
Charge-pump Output
fPD
1728
kHz
mA
10.1 Charge-pump output current
VCP = 1/2 VCC
ICP
±2
10.2 Leakage current
VCP = 1/2 VCC
IL
±100
11
Max.
1000
pA
Timing Conditions(1)(2)
11.1 Transmit to receive time
Reference clock stable
TX → RX time
200
µs
11.2 Receive to transmit time
Reference clock stable
RX → TX time
200
µs
11.3 Channel switch time
Reference clock stable
CS time
200
µs
11.4 Power down to transmit
Reference clock stable
PD → TR time
250
µs
11.5 Power down to receive
Reference clock stable
PD → RX time
200
µs
11.6 Programming register
Reference clock stable
PRR time
3
µs
11.7 PLL settling time
Reference clock stable
PLL set time
200
µs
12
Interface Logic Input and Output Signal Levels, Pin DATA, CLOCK, ENABLE
12.1 HIGH-level input voltage
Logic 1
VIH
1.4
3.1
V
12.2 LOW-level input voltage
Logic 0
VIL
–0.3
+0.4
V
3.1
V
12.3 HIGH-level output voltage
Logic 1
VOH
12.4 LOW-level output voltage
Logic 0
VOL
0
12.5 Input bias current
Logic 1 or logic 0
Ibias
–5
12.6 3-wire bus clock frequency
Notes:
fCLKmax
V
+5
µA
10
MHz
1. Measured and guaranteed only on the Atmel® evaluation board, including microstrip filter, balun, and Smart Radio Frequency (Smart RF) firmware. Conducted measured.
2. Timing is determined by external loop filter characteristics. Faster timing can be achieved by modification of the loop filter.
For further information refer to the application notes.
3. The Gaussian filter control setting (GFCS) is used to compensate production tolerances by tuning the modulation deviation
in production to the nominal value of 400 kHz.
4. Burst mode with 0.9% duty cycle
8
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
7. PLL Principle
Figure 7-1.
PLL Principle
Programable counter PC
"- Main counter MC
"- Swallow counter SC
fVCO = 1728 kHz × (SMC × 32 + SSC)
External
loop filter
PA driver
Phase frequency
detector PD
fPD = 1728 kHz
Charge
pump
VCO
Divider
by 2
Mixer
Gaussian
filter GF
Reference counter RC
REF_CLK
D7
10.368 MHz
0
13.824 MHz
1
PLL reference
Frequency
REF_CLK
TXDAT
Baseband controller
9
4779L–ISM–09/06
Table 7-1 shows the LO frequencies for RX and TX in the 2.4-GHz ISM band. There are 95
channels available. Since the ATR2406 supports wideband modulation with 400-kHz deviation, every second channel can be used without overlap in the spectrum.
Table 7-1.
LO Frequencies
Mode
fIF / kHz
Channel
fANT / MHz
fVCO / MHz divided by 2
SMC
SSC
N
C0
2401.056
2401.056
86
27
2779
C1
2401.920
2401.920
86
28
2780
...
...
...
...
...
...
C93
2481.408
2481.408
89
24
2872
C94
2482.272
2482.272
89
25
2873
C0
2401.056
2401.920
86
28
2780
C1
2401.920
2402.784
86
29
2781
...
...
...
...
...
...
C93
2481.408
2482.272
89
25
2873
C94
2482.272
2483.136
89
26
2874
TX
RX
7.1
864
TX Register Setting
The following 16-bit word has to be programmed for TX.
MSB
LSB
Data bits
D15
D14
0
1
Note:
D13
D12
D11
PA
D10
GFCS
D9
D8
D7
1
RC
D6
D5
D4
MC
D3
D2
D1
D0
SC
D12 and D13 are only relevant if ramping generator in conjunction with external PA is used, otherwise it can be programmed 0
or 1.
Table 7-2.
Output Power Settings with Bits D12 - D13
PA (Output Power Settings)
D13
D12
RAMP_OUT (Pin 21)
0
0
1.3V
0
1
1.35V
1
0
1.4V
1
1
1.75V
The VRAMP voltage is used to control the output power of an external power amplifier. The
voltage ramp is started with the TX_ON signal.
These bits are only relevant in TX mode.
10
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
7.2
RX Register Setting
There are two RX settings possible. For a data rate of 1152 kBits/s, an internal clock recovery
function is implemented.
7.3
Register Setting Without Clock Recovery
Must be used for data rates below 1.152 Mbits/s.
MSB
LSB
Data bits
D15
D14
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
D8
D7
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
0
RC
D6
D5
D4
D3
MC
Note:
X values are not relevant and can be set to 0 or 1.
7.4
RX Register Setting with Internal Clock Recovery
D2
D1
D0
SC
Recommended for 1.152-Mbit/s data rate.
The output pin of the recovered clock is pin 6. The falling edge of the recovered clock signal
samples the data signal.
MSB
Data bits
D24
D23
D22
D21
D20
D19
D18
D17
D16
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
LSB
Data bits
D15
D14
D13
D12
D11
D10
D9
D8
D7
0
0
X
X
X
X
X
0
RC
Note:
X values are not relevant and can be set to 0 or 1.
7.5
PLL Settings
D6
D5
MC
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SC
RC, MC and SC bits control the synthesizer frequency as shown in Table 7-3, Table 7-4 on
page 12 and Table 7-5 on page 12.
Formula for calculating the frequency:
TX frequency: fANT = 864 kHz × (32 × SMC + SSC)
RX frequency: fANT = 864 kHz × (32 × SMC + SSC – 1)
Table 7-3.
PLL Settings of the Reference Counter Bit D7
RC (Reference Counter)
D7
CLK Reference
0
10.368 MHz
1
13.824 MHz
11
4779L–ISM–09/06
Table 7-4.
PLL Settings of the Main Counter Bits D5 to D6
MC (Main Counter)
Table 7-5.
D6
D5
SMC
0
0
86
0
1
87
1
0
88
1
1
89
PLL Settings of the Swallow Counter Bits D0 to D4
SC (Swallow Counter)
7.6
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
SSC
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
1
1
0
1
29
1
1
1
1
0
30
1
1
1
1
1
31
GFCS Adjustment
The Gaussian filter control setting (GFCS) is used to compensate for production tolerances by
tuning the modulation deviation in production to the nominal value of 400 kHz. These bits are
only relevant in TX mode.
Table 7-6.
GFCS Adjustment of Bits D9 - D11
GFCS
12
D11
D10
D9
GFCS
0
0
0
60%
0
0
1
70%
0
1
0
80%
0
1
1
90%
1
0
0
100%
1
0
1
110%
1
1
0
120%
1
1
1
130%
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
7.7
Control Signals
The various transceiver functions are activated by the following control signals. A timing proposal is shown in Figure 7-3 on page 14
Table 7-7.
Control Signals and Functions
Signal
PU_REG
Activates AUX voltage regulator and the VCO voltage regulator supplying the
complete transceiver
PU_TRX
Activates RX/TX blocks
RX_ON
Activates RX circuits: DEMOD, IF AMP, IR MIXER
TX_ON
Activates TX circuits: PA, RAMP GEN, Starts RAMP SIGNAL at RAMP_OUT
nOLE
7.8
Functions
Disables open loop mode of the PLL
Serial Programming Bus
The transceiver is programmed by the SPI (CLOCK, DATA and ENABLE).
After setting the enable signal to low, the data is transferred bit by bit into the shift register on
the rising edge of the clock signal, starting with the MSBit. When the enable signal has
returned to high, the programmed information is active. Additional leading bits are ignored and
there is no check made of how many clock pulses arrived during enable low.
The programming of the transceiver is done by a 16-bit or 25-bit data word (for the RX clock
recovery mode).
7.9
3-wire Bus Timing
Figure 7-2.
3-wire Bus Protocol Timing Diagram
DATA
CLOCK
ENABLE
TC
TPER
TL
TS
Table 7-8.
TEC
TT
TH
3-wire Bus Protocol Table
Description
Symbol
Minimum Value
Unit
Clock period
TPER
100
ns
Set time data to clock
TS
20
ns
Hold time data to clock
TH
20
ns
Clock pulse width
TC
60
ns
Set time enable to clock
TL
100
ns
Hold time enable to data
TEC
0
ns
TT
250
ns
Time between two protocols
13
4779L–ISM–09/06
RAMP_OUT
Pin 21
connected to
RAMP_IN of
optional PA
RSSI
Pin 3
RX_DATA
Pin 28
TX_ON
Pin 25
RX_ON
Pin 24
REF_CLK
Pin 2
nOLE
Pin 26
3W_ENA
Pin 32
3W_DATA
Pin 31
3W_CLK
Pin 30
TX_DATA
Pin 29
PU_TRX
Pin 27
PU_REG
Pin 1
Pin Name
MODE
Signals to TRX (Input)
14
Signals from TRX (Output)
Note:
> 40 µs
Power-up
C2
16/25 bits
> 200 µs
Programming
C3
> 50 µs
valid signal
Data
REF_CLK
Active RX-slot
C4
1. Keep input signals on low level during power-down state of TRX
Power-down
C1
Power-up
optional
Power-down
optional
> 40 µs
C2
C1
16 bits
> 200 µs
Preamble (1-0-1-0)
Programming
C3
REF_CLK
Data
> 50 µs
Active TX-slot
C5
Power-down
C1
VS
0V
VS
0V
Figure 7-3.
Example TX and RX Timing Diagram
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
Table 7-9.
Description of the Conditions/States
Condition
7.10
Description
C1
Power down
ATR2406 is switched off and the supply current is lower than 1 µA.
C2
Power up
ATR2406 is powered up by toggling PU_REG and PU_TRX to high.
PU_REG enables the external AUX regulator transistor including VCO
regulator. PU_TRX enables internal blocks like the PLL and the VCO.
Depending on the value of the external capacitors (for example, at the AUX
regulator, if one is used), it is necessary to wait at least 40 µs until the different
supply voltages have settled.
C3
Programming
The internal register of the ATR2406 is programmed via the three-wire interface.
At TX, this is just the PLL (transmit channel) and the deviation (Gaussian filter).
At RX, this is just the PLL (receive channel) and, if the clock recovery is used,
also the bits to enable this option. At the start of the three-wire programming,
the enable signal is toggled from high to low to enable clocking the data into the
internal register. When the enable signal rises again to high, the programmed
data is latched. This is the time point at which the settling of the PLL starts. It is
necessary to wait the settling time of 200 µs so that the VCO frequency is
stable.
The reference clock needs to be applied to ATR2406 for at least the time when
the PLL is in operation, which is the programming state (C3) and the active slot
(C4, C5). Out of the reference clock, several internal signals are also derived,
for example, the Gaussian filter circuitry and TX_DATA sampling.
C4
This is the receive slot where the transmit burst is received and data as well as
recovered clock are available.
C5
This is the active transmit slot. As soon as TX_DATA is applied to ATR2406, the
signal nOLE toggles to low which enables modulation in open-loop mode.
The preamble (1-0-1-0 pattern) should start being sent at the start of TX_ON.
Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)
The RSSI is given as an analog voltage at the RSSI pin. A typical plot of the RSSI value is
shown in Figure 7-4.
Figure 7-4.
Typical RSSI Value versus Input Power
2.5
RSSI Level (V)
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-130
-110
-90
-70
-50
-30
-10
10
RF Level (dBm)
15
4779L–ISM–09/06
8. Application Circuit
The ATR2406 requires only a few low-cost external components for operation. A typical application is shown in Figure 8-3 on page 17.
8.1
Typical Application Circuit
Figure 8-1.
Microcontroller Interfacing with General Purpose MCU, Pin Connections
between Microcontroller and ATR2406
ATR2406
RF-DATA
Interface
Microcontroller
TX_DATA
RX_DATA
RX-CLOCK
Configuration
and control
ENABLE
CLOCK
DATA
XTAL(1)
Figure 8-2.
Ctrl_Lines
REF_CLK
XTAL_OUT
Example with AVR MCU
AVR_MCU
ATR2406
USART
RF_DATA
TXD
TX_DATA
RXD
RX_DATA
XCK
GPIO
GPIO2
GPIO3
GPIO4
GPIO5
13.824 MHz XTAL
16
RX-CLOCK
RF_CTRL
GPIO1
Note:
R
ENABLE
CLOCK
DATA
nOLE
TX_ON
RX_ON
PU_REG
PU_TRX
RSSI
REF_CLK
1. XTAL: for example, XRFBCC-NANL; 13.824 MHz, 10 ppm
Order at: Taitien Electronic, Taitien Specific No.: A009-x-B26-3, SMD
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
4µ7
C13
100n
C12
100n
C15
4µ7
C16
C24
J2
RSSI
VS
T1
BC808
8
7
6
5
4
ENABLE
IREF
IC
RX-CLOCK
VS_IFA
VS_IFD
RSSI
REF_CLK
DATA
32
9
RX_DATA
27
30
ATR2406
VS_TRX
RX_IN2
RX_IN1
TX_OUT
RAMP
C20, C21, COG dielectric
2n2
C21
TX_ON
RAMP_OUT
IC
IC
RX_ON
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
22n
C20
RAMP_OUT
RX_ON
NC
J26
TP2
TP1
µStrip
C11
REF_CLK
C23
VBATT
µStrip-balun
IC2P
GND
Slug
REF_CLK
1p8
C10
1p5
C9
J8
J9
J10
CLOCK
RX_ON
RSSI
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
C6
VBATT
TX_ON
TX_DATA
PU_TRX
2p2
18p
4p7
R3
µStrip Lowpassfilter
1k5
PU_REG
62k
4n7
CLOCK
VS_REG
11
CLOCK
31
ENABLE
REG_CTRL
PU_TRX
nOLE
CP
15
5p6
1k5
R5
C3
TX_DATA
29
REG_DEC
12
C17
C18
DATA
VREG
10
C19
28
TX_DATA
26
PU_TRX
VTUNE
14
68p
25
TX_ON
VS_SYN
16
nOLE
GND
G
PU_REG
C4
3
390p
2
R4
1
C14
IC2
1k0
RX_DATA
VREG_VCO
13
NC
470n
2p2
C1
GND2
µStrip
GND7
GND8
GND9
GND4
GND5
GND6
GND1
GND3
C7
R6
J24
J1
1p8
4779L–ISM–09/06
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
VLSI Connector
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
J2
RX_DATA
J17
J18
J19
J20
J21
ENABLE
DATA
nOLE
PU_REG
RX-CLOCK
J12
J13
J14
J15
J16
GND
ANT
F-antenna
VBATT
ANT
ANT2
J11
GND
SMASI
NC
R2
Select integrated F-antenna or
SMA connector by setting the
0R resistor
R1
Figure 8-3.
NC
RFOUT (Ant)
ATR2406
Application Circuit for ATR2406-DEV-BOARD
17
RX-CLOCK
9. PCB Layout Design
Figure 9-1.
18
PCB Layout ATR2406-DEV-BOARD
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
Table 9-1.
Bill of Materials
Part
Value
Part Number
Vendor
Package
C1
5.6 pF
GJM1555C1H5R6CB01 or GRM1555C1H5R6DZ01
Murata®
0402
C3, C10
1.8 pF
GJM1555C1H1R8CB01 or GRM1555C1H1R8CZ01
Murata
0402
C4
390 pF
GRM1555C1H391JA01
Murata
0402
C5
4.7 pF
GJM1555C1H4R7CB01 or GRM1555C1H4R7CZ01
Murata
0402
C6, C7
2.2 pF
GJM1555C1H2R2CB01 or GRM1555C1H2R2CZ01
Murata
0402
C9
1.5 pF
GJM1555C1H1R5CB01 or GRM1555C1H1R5CZ01
Murata
0402
C11
18 pF
GRM1555C1H180JZ01B
Murata
0402
C12, C15
100 nF
GRM155R71C104KA88B
Murata
0402
C13, C16
4.7 µF
B45196H2475M109
Epcos®
3216
Comment
NC
Optional(2)
C14
1 nF
GRM15R71H102KB01
Murata
0402
NC
C17
3.3 nF
GRM15R71H332KB01
Murata
0402
NC
C18
68 pF
GRM1555C1H680JZ01B
Murata
0402
470 nF
GRM18F51H474ZB01 (0402) or
GRM188R61A474KA61B (0603)
Murata
0402/0603
C19
C20
22 nF, COG GRM21B5C1H223JA01
Murata
0805
COG, important for good
RF performance
C21
2.2 nF, COG GRM1885C1H222JA01
Murata
0603
COG, important for good
RF performance
Murata
0402
C23
4.7 nF
GRM155R71H472KA01B
C24
4.7 pF
GRM1555C1H4R7CZ01B
Murata
0402
L6
8.2 nH
WE-MK0402 744784082
Würth® Electronic
0402
NC, microstrip used
R3
62 kΩ
62k, ≤ 5%
Vishay
0402
R4
1.0 kΩ
1k0, ≤ 5%
Vishay
0402
R5
1.5 kΩ
1k5, ≤ 5%
Vishay
0402
Ref_Clk level, optional(1)
R6
1.5 kΩ
1k5, ≤ 5%
Vishay
0402
Ref_Clk level, optional(1)
Atmel
MLF32
Vishay, Philips®,
etc.
SOT-23
®
IC2
ATR2406 ATR2406
T1
BC808-40, any standard type can be used, but it is
BC808-40
important that be “–40”!
MSUB
Notes:
FR4
Optional(2)
FR4, e_r = 4.4 at 2.45 GHz, H = 500 µm, T = 35 µm, tand = 0.02, surface, that is, chem. tin or chem. gold
1. Not necessary if supplied RefClk level is within specification range
2. If no AUX regulator is used, then T1 and C16 can be removed and a jumper is needed from the collector to the emitter pad.
Additionally, pin 7 of the ATR2406 has to be connected to pin 4 or pin 5 to use the integrated F antenna, set jumper R2 (0R
resistor 0603)
Table 9-2.
Parts Count Bill of Materials
Parts Count
Capacitors 0402
Required (Minimal BOM)
Optional (Depending on Application)
14
14
Capacitors >0402
2
4
Resistors 0402
2
2
Inductors 0402
–
–
Semiconductors
1
2
19
4779L–ISM–09/06
10. Appendix: Current Calculations for a Remote Control
Assumptions:
Protocol
A data packet consists of 24 bytes.
24 bytes = 240 bits (USART connection)
Tpacket_length = 210 µs at 1.152 Mbits/s
Channel
The system will use five predefined channels for frequency hopping spread
spectrum (FHSS) which gives improved immunity against interferers
Loop filter
Loop filter settling time will be 110 µs
Handheld device
If not in use, the handheld device will be in power-down mode with the AVR’s
watchdog timer disabled. The AVR power-down current is typically 1.25 µA.
If an external voltage regulator is used, additional power-down current has to
be taken into account
Base station device
The base station will periodically scan all the channels of the used subset.
The base station will stay on one channel for 2 seconds. If the base station
receives a correct packet, an acknowledge will be returned to the handheld
device. The power consumption of the base station device is not
power-sensitive, as this part of the application is normally mains powered
Basic Numbers:
Peak current ATR2406 in TX at 1.152 Kbits/s
42 mA
Peak current ATR2406 in RX at 1.152 Kbits/s
57 mA
Peak current ATR2406 with synthesizer running
26 mA
Current ATmega88 active
5 mA
Current ATmega88 power down (no WDT)
1.25 µA
Current ATmega88 power down (+ WDT)
5 µA
Loop settling time of ATR2406
110 µs
Configuration of ATR2406
30 µs
Time needed for exchanging a packet at 1.152 Kbits/s
210 µs
Amount of Current Needed to Transmit One Packet:
Q1 = (0.005A + 0.026A) × 5030 µs = 155 µAs (charge up time ATR2406 + AVR internal calculations)
Q2 = (0.005A + 0.026A) × 30 µs = 0.93 µAs (charge for configuring the ATR2406)
Q3 = (0.005A + 0.026A) × 110 µs = 3.41 µAs (charge for settling the loop filter)
Q4 = (0.005A + 0.042A) × 210 µs = 9.87 µAs (charge for transmitting the packet)
Q5 = (0.005A) × 250 µs = 1.25 µAs (charge for turn around (TX to RX, RX to TX, etc.))
Q6 = (0.005A + 0.026A) × 30 µs = 0.93 µAs (charge for configuring the ATR2406)
Q7 = (0.005A + 0.026A) × 60 µs = 1.86 µAs (charge for settling the loop filter)
Q8 = (0.005A + 0.057A) × 50 µs = 3.10 µAs (charge until valid data can be received)
Q9 = (0.005A + 0.057A) × 210 µs = 13.02 µAs (charge for receiving the packet)
Q10 = (0.005A + 0.057A) × 50 µs = 3.1 µAs (charge for latency before receiving)
20
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
A successful packet exchange needs the following charge
Q = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 + Q5 + Q6 + Q7 + Q8 + Q9 + Q10 = 192.47 µAs
As the described system is a FHSS system with 5 different channels, the system has to do this
up to five times before the packet is acknowledged by the base station. The average will be
2.5 times. In the case of an interfered environment, some more retries may be required; therefore, it is assumed the factor will be 3. The power-up time is included only once, as the cycle
will be completed without powering up and down the handheld in order to be as power efficient
as possible.
Average current needed for a packet exchange:
155 µAs + (37.5 µAs × 3) = 267.5 µAs
If the device will be used 1000 times a day → 3.1 µA
Average current in active mode:
→ System Power Down current:
Current ATmega88:
Current ATR2406:
Current VREG (+ ShutDown):
1.25 µA
1.0 µA
2.75 µA
Assumed average power-down current is 5 µA.
→ Overall power consumption is 8.1 µA
It is assumed the system uses a small battery with a capacity of 100 mAh. This is
100.000 µAh.
→ Battery lifetime will be around: 12345 hours = 514 days = 1.4 years.
The most important factor is to get the power-down current as low as possible!
Example:
Assume a system where the handheld is used just 10 times per day.
→ Iactive = 0.031 µA
and assuming the power-down current of this device is just 4 µA.
→ I = 0.031 µA + 4 µA = 4.03 µA
→ Battery lifetime will be around 24807 hours = 1033 days = 2.83 years.
→ Power-down current is the main factor influencing the battery lifetime.
21
4779L–ISM–09/06
11. Ordering Information
Extended Type Number
ATR2406-PNQG
ATR2406-DEV-BOARD
ATR2406-DEV-KIT2
Package
Remarks
MOQ
Taped and reeled, Pb-free
4000
–
RF module
1
–
Complete evaluation kit
and reference design
ATR2406 + ATmega88
1
QFN32 - 5x5
12. Package Information
22
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
ATR2406
13. Recommended Footprint/Landing Pattern
Figure 13-1. Recommenced Footprint/Landing Pattern
Table 13-1.
Recommended Footprint/Landing Pattern Signs
Sign
Size
A
3.2 mm
B
1.2 mm
C
0.3 mm
a
1.1 mm
b
0.3 mm
c
0.2 mm
d
0.55 mm
e
0.5 mm
23
4779L–ISM–09/06
14. Revision History
Please note that the following page numbers referred to in this section refer to the specific revision
mentioned, not to this document.
24
Revision No.
History
4779L-ISM-08/06
• Table “Electrical Characteristics” on pages 6 to 8 changed
• Section 10 “Appendix: Current Calculations for a Remote Control” on
pages 20 to 21 changed
• Table “Ordering Information” on page 22 changed
• Minor corrections to grammar and style throughout document
4779K-ISM-06/06
• Put datasheet in a new template
• Table “Electrical Characteristics” on pages 6 to 8 changed
• Section 10 “Appendix: Current Calculations for a Remote Control” on
pages 20 to 21 added
• Ordering Information on page 22 changed
ATR2406
4779L–ISM–09/06
Atmel Corporation
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131, USA
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311
Fax: 1(408) 487-2600
Regional Headquarters
Europe
Atmel Sarl
Route des Arsenaux 41
Case Postale 80
CH-1705 Fribourg
Switzerland
Tel: (41) 26-426-5555
Fax: (41) 26-426-5500
Asia
Room 1219
Chinachem Golden Plaza
77 Mody Road Tsimshatsui
East Kowloon
Hong Kong
Tel: (852) 2721-9778
Fax: (852) 2722-1369
Japan
9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg.
1-24-8 Shinkawa
Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033
Japan
Tel: (81) 3-3523-3551
Fax: (81) 3-3523-7581
Atmel Operations
Memory
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131, USA
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311
Fax: 1(408) 436-4314
RF/Automotive
Theresienstrasse 2
Postfach 3535
74025 Heilbronn, Germany
Tel: (49) 71-31-67-0
Fax: (49) 71-31-67-2340
Microcontrollers
2325 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95131, USA
Tel: 1(408) 441-0311
Fax: 1(408) 436-4314
La Chantrerie
BP 70602
44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France
Tel: (33) 2-40-18-18-18
Fax: (33) 2-40-18-19-60
ASIC/ASSP/Smart Cards
1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. Blvd.
Colorado Springs, CO 80906, USA
Tel: 1(719) 576-3300
Fax: 1(719) 540-1759
Biometrics/Imaging/Hi-Rel MPU/
High-Speed Converters/RF Datacom
Avenue de Rochepleine
BP 123
38521 Saint-Egreve Cedex, France
Tel: (33) 4-76-58-30-00
Fax: (33) 4-76-58-34-80
Zone Industrielle
13106 Rousset Cedex, France
Tel: (33) 4-42-53-60-00
Fax: (33) 4-42-53-60-01
1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. Blvd.
Colorado Springs, CO 80906, USA
Tel: 1(719) 576-3300
Fax: 1(719) 540-1759
Scottish Enterprise Technology Park
Maxwell Building
East Kilbride G75 0QR, Scotland
Tel: (44) 1355-803-000
Fax: (44) 1355-242-743
Literature Requests
www.atmel.com/literature
Disclaimer: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any
intellectual property right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Atmel products. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN ATMEL’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE LOCATED ON ATMEL’S WEB SITE, ATMEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY
WARRANTY RELATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF INFORMATION) ARISING OUT
OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT, EVEN IF ATMEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. Atmel makes no
representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and reserves the right to make changes to specifications
and product descriptions at any time without notice. Atmel does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. Unless specifically provided
otherwise, Atmel products are not suitable for, and shall not be used in, automotive applications. Atmel’s products are not intended, authorized, or warranted for use
as components in applications intended to support or sustain life.
© 2006 Atmel Corporation. All rights reserved. Atmel ®, logo and combinations thereof, Everywhere You Are®, AVR® and others, are registered trademarks or trademarks of Atmel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others.
4779L–ISM–09/06
Similar pages