Universal Streak Camera C5680 Series Measurements Ranging From X-Ray to Near Infrared With a Temporal Resolution of 2 ps The streak camera is an ultra high-speed detector which captures light emission phenomena occurring in extremely short time periods. Not only can the streak camera measure intensity variations with superb temporal resolution, but it can also be used for simultaneous measurement of the spatial (or spectral) distribution. The C5680 Streak Camera Series is a universal streak camera which incorporates all of the specialized technology and expertise HAMAMATSU has acquired in over 20 years of research. The streak tubes are manufactured on a regular production schedule at Hamamatsu to provide consistency and reliability. Special requests and custom designs are also available. APPLICATIONS • Measurement of electron bunch for synchrotron and LINAC applications • Research involving X-ray lasers, free • • • • electron lasers, and various other types of pulsed lasers Plasma light emission, radiation, laser ablasion, combustion and explosions Fluorescence lifetime measurement, transient absorption measurement, time-resolved raman spectroscopy Optical soliton communications, response measurement with quantum devices Lidar Thomson scattering, laser distance measurement FEATURES OPERATING PRINCIPLE • Temporal resolution of within 2 ps A temporal resolution of 2 ps is achieved for both synchroscan and single shot. • Several plug-in module, operating mode. • Accommodates a diverse range of experimental setups from single light emitting phenomena to high-speed repeated phenomena in the GHz. • Can be used in X-ray to near infrared fields By selecting the appropriate streak tube (light sensor), the C5680 can be used in a wide range of measurement applications, from X-rays to near infrared light. • Simultaneous measurement of light intensity on temporal and spatial (wavelength) axes Spectrograph can be placed in front of the streak camera, to convert the spatial axis to a wavelength axis. This enables changes in the light intensity to be measured over various wavelength (time-resolved spectroscopy). The light pulse to be measured is projected onto the slit and is focused by the lens into an optical image on the photocathode of the streak tube. Changing the temporal and spatial offset slightly each time, four light pulses, each with a different light itensity, are introduced through the slit and conducted to the photocathode. Here, the photons are converted into a number of electrons proportional to the intensity of the incident light. The four light pulses are converted sequentially to electrons which are then accelerated and conducted towards the photocathode. As the group of electrons created from the four light pulses passes between a pair of sweep electrodes, a high voltage is applied (see above), resulting in a high-speed sweep (the electrons are swept in the direction from top to bottom). The electrons are deflected at different times, and at slightly different angles in the perpendicular direction, and are then conducted to the MCP (micro-channel plate). As the electrons pass the MCP, they are multiplied several thousands of times and are then bombarded against the phosphorscreen, where they are converted back into light. The fluorescence image corresponding to the first incident light pulse is positioned at the top of the phosphor screen, followedby the others, with images proceeding in descending order; inother words, the axis in the perpendicular direction on the phosphor screen serves as the temporal axis. The brightnesses ofthe various fluorescence images are proportional to theintensities of the corresponding incident light pulses. The positions in the horizontal direction on the phosphor screen correspond to the positions of the incident light in the horizontal direction. • Ultra-high sensitivity (detection of single photons) The streak tube converts light into electrons which are then multiplied by an electron multiplier. This enables detection of extremely faint light (at the single-photon level). (See photon counting integration principle) • IEEE-488 (GP-IB) control Computer control enables remote control and advanced measurements to be performed out using very simple operation. • Diverse selection of peripheral equipment A full lineup of peripheral devices is available, including spectroscopes, optical trigger heads, and expansion units. THE PRINCIPLE OF PHOTON COUNTING INTEGRATION Photoelectrons given off from the photocathode of the streak tube are multiplied at a high integration rate by the MCP, and one photoelectron is counted as one intensity point on the phosphor screen. A threshold value is then used with this photoelectron image to clearly separate out noise. Separation of Photoelectron Image and Noise A/D conversion value Photon Counting Integration Photoelectron image Threshold value The operating principle of the streak camera Signal output from CCD camera Noise Sweep circuit Trigger signal Time Incident light Photocathode (light → electrons) 2 Streak image on phosphor screen Space Slit Accelerating electrode (where electrons are accelerated) MCP (which multiplies electrons) 0ps 200ps 400ps 600ps 800ps 1ns 1.2ns 1.4ns 1.6ns 1.8ns Light source: PLP (λ = 800 nm) Integration time: 1 min. Lens Optical intensity Time Sweep electrode (where electrons are swept in the direction from top to bottom) Time (wavelength) Phosphor screen (electrons → light) Space The intensity of the incident light can be read from the brightness of the phosphor screen, and the time and space from the position of the phosphor screen. Positions in the photoelectron image which are above the threshold value are detected and are integrated in the memory, enabling noise to be eliminated completely. This makes it possible to achieve data measurements with a high dynamic range and high S/N. FUNCTION CONFIGURATION 1 C5680 Main Unit (with power supply and camera controller) £Function expansion unit Selection of C5680 main unit Selection of input optics system Selection of streak tube Selection of output format Selection of sweep unit ™Sweep unit Selection of function expansion unit SPECIFICATIONS [Suffix (Model No.)] One of the following suffixes is appended to the model number of the C5680, depending on the type of streak tube and output format used. 1 C5680 Main Unit C5680– 2 3 2 Lens output type 4 3 Video output type 5 2 Streak tube 3 Output format 1 Input Optics System Model Name Spectral Transmission A1976-01 200 nm to 1600 nm .......... 1 Accommodates 200 nm to 850 nm, 1 MCP .... 1Input optics system 2 Streak Tube Image Effective F Value Multiplication Ratio Slit Width Slit Width Overall Reading Length Precision Model Name Spectral Response Characteristic Effective Photocathode Size N5716 200 nm to 850 nm 5.0 1:1 98.2 mm 1.2 1:1 159 mm N5716-02 300 nm to 1600 nm A1974-01 400 nm to 1600 nm 1.2 1:1 159 mm N5716-01 115 nm to 850 nm A1976-04 200 nm to 1600 nm 3.5 1:1 98.2 mm N5716-03 200 nm to 900 nm N5864 200 nm to 850 nm A1974 400 nm to 900 nm Accommodates 300 nm to 1600 nm, 1 MCP Accommodates 115 nm to 850 nm, 1 MCP Accommodates 200 nm to 900 nm, 1 MCP Accommodates 200 nm to 850 nm, 2 MCPs 0 to 5 mm 5 µm The A1974 and A1974-01 are optional units. Phosphor Screen MCP Gain • Photocathode • 0.15 × 5.3 mm c h a ra c t e r i s t i c Lens output P-43 type 3 • 0.15 × 4.8 mm 3 × 10 • Fiber-optic output • Effective photoVideo output type cathode size 5 6 × 10 • 18 mm Spatial Resolution 25 lp/mm or more centered on photocathode X-ray streak cameras designed for use with 10 eV to 10 keV can also be selected. Spectral transmittance of input optics system 100 Spectral response of the streak tube 5 N5716-01 A1974 N5716-03 A1976-01 80 10 A1974-01 4 N5716, N5864 60 103 40 20 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Wavelength (nm) 1200 1400 1600 Radiant sensitivity (µA/W) Transmittance (%) 10 N5716-02 102 101 100 10-1 10-2 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Wavelength (nm) 3 • M5676 Fast Single Sweep Unit 3 Output Formats • Lens output ..... Magnification Effective F value F-mount 1 : 0.7 (50 mm : 35 mm) F/2.0 • Video output ... Signal format CCIR or RS-170 Coupling method Fiber optics Resolution 768 × 493 or 756 × 581 pixels Temporal resolution........................ Better than 2 ps at 800 nm (1.5 ps typ.) Sweep time Video output type ....... 0.15, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 ns/full screen Lens output type ........ 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 ns/full screen Trigger jitter ................................ Better than 20 ps Trigger delay ................................ Approx. 13 ns (fastest range) Maximum sweep repetition frequency (max.)... 10 kHz Trigger signal input ....................... ± 5 V/50 Ω 4 Other 5680 Specifications • Gate Gate Extinction Ratio Gating Method Gate Time 6 MCP + horizontal blanking 1 : 10 min. 50 ns to continuous MCP + horizontal blanking + photocathode 1 : 108 min. 50 ns to continuous • • • • • Gate trigger input ....................................... 3.5 V to 5.0 V/50 Ω Gate trigger delay time ...................................... 120 ns max. Max. horizontal blanking repetition frequency ............ 2 MHz Max. MCP gate repetition frequency ......................... 10 kHz Max. photocathode gate repetition frequency ........... 10 kHz • Monitor out signal ................ 3.5 Vp-p (typ.) • Interface ............................... IEEE-488 (GP-IB) • Status output ....................... D sub-connector DB-25S, 16-bit • M5677 Slow Single Sweep Unit Temporal resolution....................... Sweep time ................................... Trigger jitter ................................... Trigger delay ................................. Maximum sweep repetition frequency (max.).. Trigger signal input ....................... Better than 50 ps 50 ns to 1 ms/full screen Better than temporal resolution Approx. 45 ns (fastest range) 2 MHz (fastest range) ± 5 V/50 Ω parallel output, open collector • Line voltage ......................... AC110/117/220/240 V, 50/60 Hz • Power consumption ............. Approx. 180 V A • 2 Sweep units (Plug-in: built into main unit) • M5675 Synchroscan Unit Temporal resolution................... Better than 2 ps at 800 nm (N5716-01) Better than 3 ps at 800 nm (N5716-02) Sweep range Video output type . 150 ps to 1/6 fs (fs:synchroscan frequency) Lens output type ... 200 ps to 1/6 fs Sweep range ........................... 4 selectable range Synchroscan frequency ............ Factory set within a range of 75 MHz to 165 MHz Synchronous frequency range .. fs ± 0.2 MHz (fs = synchroscan frequency) Trigger jitter ........................... Better than temporal resolution Trigger signal input .................... –3 dBm to 17 dBm / 50 Ω 3 Function Expansion Units (connected to top of main unit) • M5678 Synchronous Blanking Unit (designed for use in conjunction with M5675 Synchroscan) Synchroscan frequency ........ Factory set within a range of 75 MHz to 165 MHz Horizontal shift width ............. 2.5 mm or 11 mm (at phosphor screen) • M5679 Dual Time Base Extender Unit (Can be used in conjunction with all sweep units) Sweep time ...................................... 10 ns to 100 ms/full screen Maximum sweep repetition frequency (max.) ... 10 Hz Trigger signal input .......................... ± 5 V/50 Ω 4 READOUT SYSTEM (HPD-TA) Frame Grabber Streak Image Analysis Software Video output (Video CCD Camera) 1 Input optics Streak Image Analysis Systems for IBM® PC/AT 3 Readout system (HPD-TA) 2 Output format Cooled digital camera C4742-95 Series (ORCA) Control unit Camera head Personal computer (IBM PC/AT Compatible) Lens output Femtosecond Streak Camera GP-IB board Mount Table A1471-12 4 General Outline The HPD-TA (Temporal Analyzer) is a high-performance digital data acquisition and control system specifically designed to read out images from the Hamamatsu streak camera’s phosphor screen. It enables precise, quantitative acquisition and pre-analysis of two dimensional streak data that includes photon counting plus a full range of data correction and calibration possibilities. It possible to select the best camera for a given streak configuration and application. The camera is connected to an IBM-compatible PC/AT via a frame grabber board that can support real-time data transfer. The HPD-TA allows the remote control of the C5680 via GPIB interface. The entire system is controlled through a powerful but userfriendly software application that runs on a Microsoft Windows platform. * A read out system based on the Macintosh® computer is also available. Please consult with our sales office for more details. •Functions & Specifications Items Camera model Coupling method Resolution (pixels) Dynamic range Single frame Integration Frame rate Superpixel mode Subarray scan mode Single exposure time Analog integration Photon counting Dark correction Shading correction Curvature correction Calibration Multiple profiles Data export (images) Data export (profiles) Streak camera interface Other devices interf Cooled CCD version C4742-95 Series (ORCA) Relay lens 1280 × 1024 10 or 12 bits 16 bits 9 Hz (normal) / 18 Hz (super pixel) • • 132 µs to 10 s on chip / into memory • • • • linear / nonlinear, both ax up to 10 Binary,TIFF, ASCII ASCII GPIB or StatusPort GPIB Video version Video CCD Fiber optics 756 × 581 8 bits 16 bits 30 Hz – – 40 ms or 33 ms into memory • • • • linear / nonlinear, both axes up to 10 Binary, TIFF, ASCII ASCII GPIB or StatusPort GPIB 5 Computer Environment The HPD-TA requires an industry-standard Pentium-class (or compatible) PC with a 32-bit Microsoft Windows version. A fast, highresolution graphics configuration is recommended. Depending on the streak camera system configuration, a number of PCI and/or ISA slots as well as a serial interface port may be occupied. (Please consult Hamamatsu for a detailed specification for a given case.) 5 PERIPHERAL EQUIPMENT Light-emitting phenomenon Streak camera ¶Input section •Trigger unit §Optical trigger 6 Optical Trigger (PIN diode head) 7 Input Section • PIN Diode Head C1083-01 (for Low Repetition) • Spectroscopes C5094 and C5095 Spectral response 400 nm to 1100 nm Rise time 0.8 ns Dimensions/weight Head: 100 (W) × 160 to 235 (H) × 50 (D) mm/400 g Power supply unit: 100 (W) × 83(H) × 100 (D) mm/400 g Power supply +22.5 V (battery) • PIN Diode Head C1808-03 (for High Repetition) Optical layout Focal distance F value Incident light slit width Grating Reciprocal dispersion Wavelength resolution C5094 C5095 Czerny-Turner model (with toroidal mirror for aberration correction) 250 mm 500 mm 4 8 Variable between 10 µm to 2,000 µm Up to 3 can be installed simultaneously 2.5 nm/mm 1.5 nm/mm (when using 1200 gr/mm) (when using 1200 gr/mm) < reciprocal dispersion × 0.06 The following are needed in order to connect these units to the C5680: • A spectroscope mounting table • A spectroscope adaptor • A light source for wavelength axis calibration (mercury lamp, etc.) • Fiber-optic Input Optics System (FC Connector) A6368 Minimum input level Saturation output level Frequency band Power supply 6 1 mW (f=80 MHz, λ=800 mm, FWHM<1 ps) Approx. 1.5 Vp-p (50 Ω) <100 MHz INPUT Voltage range 100 V to 240 V Input power supply frequency range 50/60 Hz This fiber-optic input optics system can be connected in place of theincident light slit in the C5680. • Objective Lens Connecting a C-mount adaptor to the incident light slit section of the C5680 enables attachment of a C-mount objective lens. F-mount objective lenses can also be attached using an FC converter. 8 Trigger Units • Delay Unit C1097-01 • RF Up Converter Unit C6207 This unit can be used to align the operation timing of the streak camera with the target phenomenon. This outputs an output signal of 100 MHz synchronized to the 10 MHz input signal. Inputting reference output signals from a commercial frequency synthesizer enables stable synchroscan triggers to be obtained. *The C1097-04, which has a GP-IB interface, is also available. Variable delay range Delay setting range Minimum delay time Maximum input voltage Power supply External dimensions/weight 0 to 31.96 ns 30, 60, 120, 250, 500 ps, 1, 2 4, 8, 16 ns Approx. 12 ns 30 V AC85 V to 250 V 215 (W) × 350 (D) × 102 (H) mm/3.4 kg • High-stability Delay Unit C6878 Input signal frequency Input level Output frequency Output signal level Timing jitter Power supply 10 MHz ± 10 Hz –10 dBm to 0 dBm/50 Ω 100 MHz 3 dBm/50 Ω (typ.) σ: 1 ps max. AC100/117/220/240V, 50/60 Hz • Other Numerous other peripheral devices are also available, such as the DG535 Digital Delay Generator and the Picosecond Light Pulser PLP Series. Please feel free to contact HAMAMATSU concerning these and other devices. Used in combination with a synchroscan unit, this unit is used to adjust the delay times of trigger signals. In addition, the amount by which trigger signals are delayed is adjusted automatically, while monitoring the sweep signal, enabling stable acquisition of streak images over a long period of time. 7 DIMENSIONAL OUTLINES (Unit: mm) • C5680 main unit (approx. 20 kg) C5680-0X (lens output) 300 128 C5680-1X (video output) 23 360 128 360 70 160 160 160 290 75 A1976-01 C5680-0X M5676/M5677 A1976-01 • Power supply unit (approx. 10 kg) M5676/M5677 • Remote control unit (approx. 1.2 kg) 225 320 12 135 150 149 50 230 C5680-1X 135 360 11 135 11 360 135 • Synchronous Blanking Unit M5678 (approx. 3.4 kg) 300 12 51.5 360 11 • Dual Time Base Extender Unit M5679 (approx. 3.4 kg) 360 300 12 51.5 147 38 • Slow Single Sweep Unit M5677 (approx. 2.2 kg) 147 360 • Fast Single Sweep Unit M5676 (approx. 2.4 kg) 147 • Synchroscan Unit M5675 (approx. 4.1 kg) ★ ★ ★ • • IBM is a registered trade mark of IBM Co. ISO 9001 is registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Certificate: 09 105 79045 Product and software package names noted in this documentation are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective manufacturers. Subject to local technical requirements and regulations, availability of products included in this promotional material may vary. Please consult with our sales office. Information furnished by HAMAMATSU is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. Specifications and external appearance are subject to change without notice. © 2003 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Homepage Address http://www.hamamatsu.com HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Systems Division 812 Joko-cho, Hamamatsu City, 431-3196, Japan, Telephone: (81)53-431-0124, Fax: (81)53-435-1574, E-mail:[email protected] U.S.A. and Canada: Hamamatsu Photonic Systems: 360 Foothill Road, Bridgewater, N.J. 08807-0910, U.S.A., Telephone: (1)908-231-1116, Fax: (1)908-231-0852, E-mail:[email protected] Germany: Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH: Arzbergerstr. 10, D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany, Telephone: (49)8152-375-0, Fax: (49)8152-2658, E-mail:[email protected] France: Hamamatsu Photonics France S.A.R.L.: 8, Rue du Saule Trapu, Parc du Moulin de Massy, 91882 Massy Cedex, France, Telephone: (33)1 69 53 71 00, Fax: (33)1 69 53 71 10, E-mail:[email protected] United Kingdom: Hamamatsu Photonics UK Limited: 2 Howard Court, 10 Tewin Road Welwyn Garden City Hertfordshire AL7 1BW U.K., Telephone: (44)1707-294888, Fax: (44)1707-325777, E-mail: [email protected] North Europe: Hamamatsu Photonics Norden AB: Smidesvägen 12, SE-171-41 Solna, Sweden, Telephone: (46)8-509-031-00, Fax: (46)8-509-031-01, E-mail:[email protected] Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia S.R.L.: Strada della Moia, 1/E 20020 Arese (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39)02-935 81 733, Fax: (39)02-935 81 741, E-mail:[email protected] Cat. No. SSCS 1046E07 AUG/2003 HPK Created in Japan (PDF)