AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER General Description Features • • • • Output Voltage: 3.3V, 5V, 12V and Adjustable Output Version Adjustable Version Output Voltage Range, 1.23V to 18V+4% 150KHz +15% Fixed Switching Frequency Voltage Mode Non-Synchronous PWM Control Thermal-Shutdown and Current-Limit Protection • • • • • • • ON /OFF Shutdown Control Input Operating Voltage can be up to 22V Output Load Current: 3A TO220-5L, TO263-5L Packages Low Power standby mode Built-in Switching Transistor On Chip Lead Free Finish/RoHS Compliant (Note 1) • The AP1506 series are monolithic IC designed for a step-down DC/DC converter, and own the ability of driving a 3A load without external transistor. Due to reducing the number of external component, the board space can be saved easily. The external shutdown function can be controlled by logic level and then come into standby mode. The internal compensation makes feedback control have good line and load regulation without external design. Regarding protected function, thermal shutdown is to prevent over temperature operating from damage, and current limit is to prevent over current operating of the output switch. If current limit function occurred and VFB is down to 0.5V below, the switching frequency will be reduced. The AP1506 series operate at a switching frequency of 150KHz thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what would be needed with lower frequency switching regulators. Other features include a guaranteed +4% tolerance on output voltage under specified input voltage and output load conditions, and +15% on the oscillator frequency. The output version included fixed 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and an adjustable type. The packages are available in a standard 5-lead TO-220 or a 5-lead TO-263. Applications • • • Simple High-Efficiency Step-Down Regulator On-Card Switching Regulators Positive to Negative Converter Ordering Information AP1506 XX X X X Package Output Version Blank : Adjustable 12 : 12V 33 : 3.3V 50 : 5.0V Note: Packing Lead Free L : Lead Free Package T5: TO 220-5L K5: TO 263-5L T5R: TO 220-5L(R) -U : Tube -13 : Taping 1. RoHS revision 13.2.2003. Glass and High Temperature Solder Exemptions Applied, see EU Directive Annex Notes 5 and 7. Lead-free Lead-free Device (Note 2) Package Code Packaging Quantity AP1506-XXK5 AP1506-XXT5 AP1506-XXT5R K5 T5 T5R TO263-5L TO220-5L TO220-5L(R) NA 50 50 Tube Part Number Suffix NA -U -U 13” Tape and Reel Quantity Part Number Suffix 800/Tape & Reel NA NA Lead-free Note: 2. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf. AP1506 Rev. 2 1 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated -13 NA NA AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Pin Descriptions Pin Assignments ( Top View ) Name 5 SD 4 FB 3 GND 2 Output 1 VIN Metal Tab GND VIN Operating Voltage Input Output GND TO263-5L ( Top View ) Description Switching Output Ground FB Output Voltage Feedback Control SD ON /OFF Shutdown 5 SD 4 FB 3 GND 2 Output 1 VIN TO220-5L Block Diagram SD VIN 200mV Current Source bias 1.235V Reference 2.5V Regulator 220mV Start up + Comp - Comp + Frequecy compensation - - FB + Amp Comp + Pre-driver 3A Switch Output 150KHz OSC. AP1506 Rev. 2 2 of 13 www.diodes.com Thermal Shutdown GND NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Rating Unit +24 V VCC Supply Voltage VSD ON/OFF Pin Input Voltage -0.3 to +18 V VFB Feedback Pin Voltage -0.3 to +18 V VOUT Output Voltage to Ground -1 V PD TST Power Dissipation Internally Limited Storage Temperature -65 to +150 o TOP Operating Temperature -40 to +125 VOP Operating Voltage +4.5 to +22 AP1506 Rev. 2 3 of 13 www.diodes.com W o C C V NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Electrical Characteristics (All Output Voltage Versions) Unless otherwise specified, VIN = 12V for 3.3V, 5V, adjustable version and VIN = 18V for the 12V version. ILOAD = 0.5A Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for TJ = 25ºC. Symbol IFB Parameter Feedback Bias Current FOSC Oscillator Frequency FSCP Oscillator Frequency of Short Circuit Protect VSAT Saturation Voltage DC Max. Duty Cycle (ON) Min. Duty Cycle (OFF) ICL Current Limit IL IQ ISTBY VIL VIH Output Leakage Output = -1V Current Quiescent Current Standby Quiescent Current Output = 0V Conditions VFB = 1.3V (Adjustable version only) When current limit occurred and VFB < 0.5V, Ta = 25 oC IOUT = 3A No outside circuit VFB = 0V force driver on VFB = 0V force driver on VFB = 12V force driver off Peak current No outside circuit VFB = 0 force driver on No outside circuit VFB = 12 force driver off VIN = 22V VFB = 12 force driver off ON /OFF pin = 5V VIN = 22V ON /OFF Pin Logic Input Low (regulator ON) High (regulator OFF) Threshold Voltage Min. Typ. Unit 150 - Max. -50 -100 173 173 - -10 127 110 10 30 50 KHz - 1.4 - 100 0 3.6 4.5 - - -200 UA - -5 5 MA MA - 70 2.0 1.3 10 150 200 0.6 - - - KHz 1.6 V 1.7 5.5 % A 6.5 IH ON /OFF Pin Logic Input Current VLOGIC = 2.5V (OFF) IL ON /OFF Pin Input Current VLOGIC = 0.5V (ON) - -0.1 -1 Thermal Resistance Junction to Case TO220-5L - 2.5 - θJC TO263-5L - 3.5 - TO220-5L with a copper area of TO263-5L approximately 3in2 - 28 - θJA Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient - 23 - AP1506 Rev. 2 nA UA V -0.01 UA 4 of 13 www.diodes.com o C/W o C/W NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for TJ = 25ºC. Symbol Parameter VFB Output Feedback AP1506-ADJ η Efficiency VOUT Output Voltage 5.5V < VIN < 22V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A η Efficiency VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 3A VOUT Output Voltage 8V < VIN < 22V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A η Efficiency VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 3A VOUT Output Voltage 15V < VIN < 22V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A Efficiency VIN = 16V, ILOAD = 3A AP1506-3.3V AP1506-5V AP1506-12V η AP1506 Rev. 2 Conditions 5V < VIN < 22V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A VOUT programmed for 3V VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 3A 5 of 13 www.diodes.com VMin. Typ. VMax. Unit 1.193 1.23 1.267 V 1.18 - 1.28 - 74 - % 3.168 3.3 3.432 V 3.135 - 3.465 - 75 - % 4.8 5.2 5.25 V 4.75 5 - - 80 - % 11.52 12 12.48 V 11.4 - 12.6 - 89 - % NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Typical Performance Characteristics AP1506 Efficiency vs. Temperature (Vin = 12V, Vout = 3.3V, Io = 3A) AP1506 Efficiency vs. Temperature (Vin = 12V, Vout = 5V, Io = 3A) 83 82 78 77 76 79 78 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 81 80 77 76 75 74 73 72 -50 -30 -10 10 75 74 73 72 71 70 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 -50 -30 -10 10 Temperature (TA ) (°C) AP1506 Saturation Voltage vs. Temperature (Vcc = 12V, Vfb = 0V, VSD = 0) 70 90 110 130 150 Switch Current Limit (A) 5.5 1.5 Saturation Voltage (V) 50 AP1506 Switch Current Limit vs. Temperature (Vcc = 12V, Vfb = 0V) 1.6 3A 1.4 1.3 2A 1.2 1A 1.1 0.5A 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 -50 30 Temperature (TA) (°C) -25 0 25 50 75 100 5 4.5 4 3.5 3 -50 125 Temperature (TA ) (°C) -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 Temperature (TA) (°C) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 Sw itch ON 7 6 5 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 60 Supply Current (uA) Supply Current (mA) AP1506 Supply Current vs. Temperature (Vcc = 12V, No Load, Von/off = 0V (Switch ON), Von/off = 5V (Switch OFF)) 70 90 110 130 150 50 45 Switch OFF 40 35 30 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 Temperature (TA) (°C) Temperature (TA ) (°C) AP1506 Rev. 2 55 6 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) AP1506 Threshold Voltage vs. Temperature (Vcc = 12V, Io = 100mA) AP1506 ON/OFF Current vs. ON/OFF Voltage (Vin = 12V) 1.7 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 1.5 ON/OFF Current (nA) Threshold Voltage (V) 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 Temperature (TA) (° C) AP1506 Frequency vs. Temperature (Vcc = 12V, Io = 500mA, Vout = 5V) 10 165 0 155 150 145 6 9 12 15 18 21 AP1506 Feedback Current vs. Temperature (Vcc = 12V, Vout = 5V, Vfb = 1.3V) 170 160 3 ON/OFF Voltage (V) Feedback Current (nA) Frequency (KHz) 0 90 110 130 150 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 140 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 Temperature (TA) (°C) -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 Temperature (TA) (°C) AP1506 Output Voltage vs. Temperature (Vin = 12V, Io = 3A) Vout (V) 3.5 3.45 3.4 3.35 3.3 3.25 3.2 3.15 3.1 3.05 3 2.95 2.9 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Temperature (TA) (°C) AP1506 Rev. 2 7 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Typical Application Circuit (TO packages) (1) Fixed Type Circuit FB 12V DC Input L1 33uH 4 Vin AP1506 - 33 1 2 3.3V/3A Output Load Inductor 3 5 SD Cin Capacitor Output D1* Schottky Diode GND Co Capacitor (2) Adjustable Type Circuit R1 R2 FB 12V DC Input L1 47uH 4 Vin 1 2 AP1506 5 SD Cin Capacitor Output 5V/ 3A Output Load 3 GND Vout = VFB × (1 + R1 D1* Schottky Diode Co Capacitor ) R2 VFB = 1.23V R2 = 1K ~ 3K (3) Delay Start Circuit R2 R1 FB 12V DC Input Vin CDELAY C in Capacitor L1 47uH 4 0.1uF 1 2 AP1506 Output 5V/ 3A Output Load 3 5 SD RDELAY 10K GND D1* Schottky Diode Co Capacitor Note: 3. For up to 2A = DFLS230L (Vf = 0.42V) For up to 3A = B340LA, B340LB (Vf = 0.45V) AP1506 Rev. 2 8 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Function Description Pin Functions +VIN This is the positive input supply for the IC switching regulator. A suitable input bypass capacitor must be presented at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply the switching currents needed by the regulator. Ground Circuit ground. Output Internal switch. The voltage at this pin switches between (+VIN – VSAT) and approximately – 0.5V, with a duty cycle of approximately VOUT / VIN. To minimize coupling to sensitive circuitry, the PC board copper area connected to this pin should be kept to a minimum. Feedback (FB) Senses the regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. ON /OFF (SD) Allows the switching regulator circuit to be shutdown using logic level signals thus dropping the total input supply current to approximately 150uA. Pulling this pin below a threshold voltage of approximately 1.3V turns the regulator on, and pulling this pin above 1.3V (up to a maximum of 18V) shuts the regulator down. If this shutdown feature is not needed, the be wired to the ground pin. ON / OFF pin can Thermal Considerations The AP1506 is available in two packages: a 5-pin TO-220 and a 5-pin surface mount TO-263. The TO-220 package needs a heat sink under most conditions. The size of the heat sink depends on the input voltage, the output voltage, the load current and the ambient temperature. The AP1506 junction temperature rises above ambient temperature for a 3A load and different input and output voltages. The data for these curves was taken with the AP1506 (TO-220 package) operating as a buck-switching regulator in an ambient o temperature of 25 C (still air). These temperature rise numbers are all approximate and there are many factors that can affect these temperatures. Higher ambient temperatures require more heat sinking. The TO-263 surface mount package tab was designed to be soldering to the copper on a printed circuit board. The copper and the board are the heat sink for this package and the other heat producing components, such as the catch diode and inductor. The PC board copper area that the package is soldered to should 2 be at least 0.8 in , and ideally should have 2 or more square inches of 2 oz. Additional copper area improves the thermal characteristics, but with copper areas greater than approximately 2 6 in , only small improvements in heat dissipation are realized. If further thermal improvements are needed, double sided, multi-layer PC board with large copper areas and/or airflow will be recommended. The AP1506 (TO-263 package) junction temperature rises above ambient temperature with a 2A load for various input and output voltages. This data was taken with the circuit operating as a buck-switching regulator with all components mounted on a PC board to simulate the junction temperature under actual operating conditions. This curve can be used for a quick check for the approximate junction temperature for various conditions, but be aware that there are many factors that can affect the junction temperature. When load currents higher than 3A are used, double sided or multi-layer PC boards with large copper areas and/or airflow might be needed, especially for high ambient temperatures and high output voltages. For the best thermal performance, wide copper traces and generous amounts of printed circuit board copper should be used in the board layout (Once exception to this is the output (switch) pin, which should not have large areas of copper.). Large areas of copper provide the best transfer of heat (lower thermal resistance) to the surrounding air, and moving air lowers the thermal resistance even further. Package thermal resistance and junction temperature rise numbers are all approximate, and there are many factors that will affect these numbers. Some of these factors include board size, shape, thickness, position, location, and even board temperature. Other factors are, trace width, total printed circuit copper area, copper thickness, single or double-sided, multi-layer board and the amount of solder on the board. The effectiveness of the PC board to dissipate heat also depends on the size, quantity and spacing of other components on the board, as well as whether the surrounding air is still or moving. Furthermore, some of these components such as the catch diode will add heat to the PC board and the heat can vary as the input voltage changes. For the inductor, depending on the physical size, type of core material and the DC resistance, it could either act as a heat sink taking heat away from the board, or it could add heat to the board. AP1506 Rev. 2 9 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Marking Information (1) TO263-5L (Top view) Output Type: 1506: ADJ 1506-33: 3.3V 1506-50: 5.0V 1506-12: 12V 1506-XX YY WW X X Logo L: Lead Free Package ID code Xth week: 01~52 Year: "01" = 2001 "02" = 2002 ~ (2) TO220-5L (Top view) Output Type : 1506: ADJ 1506-33: 3.3V 1506-50: 5.0V 1506-12: 12V 1506-XX YY WW X X Logo L: Lead Free Package ID code Xth week: 01~52 Year: "01" = 2001 "02" = 2002 ~ AP1506 Rev. 2 10 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Package Information (1) Package Type: TO220-5L AP1506 Rev. 2 11 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Package Information (Continued) (2) Package Type: TO263-5L AP1506 Rev. 2 12 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated AP1506 150KHz, 3A PWM BUCK DC/DC CONVERTER Package Information (Continued) (3) Package Type: TO220-5L(R) Mechanical drawing IMPORTANT NOTICE Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to any product herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. The user of products in such applications shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes Incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on our website, harmless against all damages. LIFE SUPPORT Diodes Incorporated products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the expressed written approval of the President of Diodes Incorporated. AP1506 Rev. 2 13 of 13 www.diodes.com NOVEMBER 2006 © Diodes Incorporated