FEATURES High Efficiency: 92.0% @ 12Vin, 5V/5A out Small size and low profile: 0.80” x 0.45” x 0.27” (SMD) 0.90” x 0.40” x 0.25” (SIP) Standard footprint and pinout Resistor-based trim Output voltage programmable from 0.75Vdc to 5.5Vdc via external resistors Pre-bias startup No minimum load required Fixed frequency operation Input UVLO, OCP Remote ON/OFF ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS9000, OHSAS18001 certified manufacturing facility UL/cUL 60950-1 (US & Canada) Recognized, and TUV (EN60950-1) Certified CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives Delphi series DNT12 Non-Isolated Point of Load DC/DC Power Modules: 8.3~14Vin, 0.75~5.5Vo, 5A The Delphi series DNT12, 8.3V~14V input, 5A single output, non-isolated point of load DC/DC converters are the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing -- Delta Electronics, Inc. OPTIONS Positive on/off logic SIP package The DNT12, 5A series provides a programmable output voltage from 0.75V to 5.5V using external resistors. This product family is available in a surface mount or SIP package and provides up to 5A of current in an industry standard footprint and pinout. With creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal performance and extremely high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions. The DNT12, 5A modules have excellent thermal performance and can provide 5V, full output current at up to 72℃ ambient temperature with no airflow. DATASHEET DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 APPLICATIONS Telecom/DataCom Distributed power architectures Servers and workstations LAN/WAN applications Data processing applications TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TA = 25°C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 12Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER NOTES and CONDITIONS DNT12S0A0S05NFA Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage (Continuous) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Inrush Transient Recommended Input Fuse OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Adjustable Range Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Output Current Range Output Voltage Over-shoot at Start-up Output DC Current-Limit Inception Output Short-Circuit Current (Hiccup mode) DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Dynamic Load Response Positive Step Change in Output Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Setting Time to 10% of Peak Devitation Turn-On Transient Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control Start-Up Time, From Input Maximum Output Startup Capacitive Load EFFICIENCY Vo=0.75V Vo=1.2V Vo=1.5V Vo=1.8V Vo=2.5V Vo=3.3V Vo=5.0V FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control, (for Negative logic) Logic Low Voltage Logic High Voltage Logic Low Current Logic High Current ON/OFF Control, (for Positive logic) Logic High Voltage Logic Low Voltage Logic High Current Logic Low Current GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS MTBF Weight DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 Refer to Figure 28 for measuring point Typ. 0 -40 -55 8.3 12 Max. Units 15 +125 +125 Vdc °C °C 14 V 8.0 7.8 Vin=8.3V Vo=5V, Io=5A Vo=5V 50 2 Vin= Vin,min to Vin,max, Io=Io,min to Io,max 3.5 70 10 0.4 TBD Vin=12V, Io=Io,max -2.0 0.7525 Vin=Vin,min to Vin,max Io=Io,min to Io,max Over sample load, line and temperature 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth Vin=min to max, Io=min to max1µF ceramic, 10µF Tan Vin=min to max, Io=min to max1µF ceramic, 10µF Tan Vo,set 50 15 Io,s/c 10µF Tan & 1µF ceramic load cap, 2.5A/µs 50% Io, max to 100% Io, max 100% Io, max to 50% Io, max Io=Io.max Von/off, Vo=10% of Vo,set Vin=Vin,min, Vo=10% of Vo,set Full load; ESR ≧1mΩ Full load; ESR ≧10mΩ Io=Io,max, Ta=25℃ +3.0 % Vo,set %Vo,set % Vo,set % Vo,set 200 1.5 200 200 25 mVpk mVpk µs 15 15 Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Vin=12V, Io=Io,max Module On, Von/off Module Off, Von/off Module On, Ion/off Module Off, Ion/off % Vo,set V mV mV A % Vo,set % Io Adc (rms) 0 Module On, Von/off Module Off, Von/off Module On, Ion/off Module Off, Ion/off +2.0 5.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 -3.0 V V A mA mA A2S A 80 30 5 1 20 20 1000 3000 ms ms µF µF 68.5 77.0 80.5 82.5 86.0 89.0 92.0 % % % % % % % 480 kHz -0.2 2.5 0.2 0.3 Vin,max 10 1 V V uA mA 0.2 Vin,max 0.3 10 1 V V uA mA -0.2 9.72 2.3 M hours grams 2 96 93 90 87 84 81 78 75 72 95 92 89 86 83 80 77 74 71 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 Out put cur r ent ( A) Figure 1: Converter efficiency vs. output current Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 80 78 76 74 3 4 86 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 1 5 2 3 4 5 Out put cur r ent ( A) Out put cur r ent ( A) Figure 3: Converter efficiency vs. output current (12V in, 2.5V output voltage) Figure 4: Converter efficiency vs. output current (12V in, 1.8V output voltage) 84 80 82 78 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 5 (12V in, 3.3V output voltage) 88 86 84 82 2 4 Figure 2: Converter efficiency vs. output current (12V in, 5V output voltage) 1 3 Out put cur r ent ( A) 80 78 76 76 74 72 70 74 1 2 3 4 Out put cur r ent ( A) Figure 5: Converter efficiency vs. output current (12V in, 1.5V output voltage) DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 5 1 2 3 4 5 Out put cur r ent ( A) Figure 6: Converter efficiency vs. output current (12V in, 1.2V output voltage) 3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 7: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 5.0V/5A out pk-pk: 41.67mV, rms:12.11mV (50mV/div, 2uS/div) Figure 8: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 3.3V/5A out pk-pk: 37.1mV, rms: 9.5mV (50mV/div, 2uS/div) Figure 9: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 2.5V/5A out pk-pk :31.25mV, rms :7.38mV (50mv/div,2uS/div ) Figure 10: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 1.2V5A out pk-pk: 27.08mV, rms: 5.05mV (50mV/div, 2uS/div) Figure 11: Turn on delay time at 12Vin, 5.0V/5A out (5mS/div), Top trace: Vout, 5V/ div; Bottom trace: Vin, 10V/div Figure 12: Turn on delay time at Remote On/Off, 5.0V/5A out (5mS/div). Top trace: Vout, 5V/div; Bottom trace: On/Off, 2V/div. DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 13: Turn on Using Input On/Off with external capacitors (Co=3000µF), 5.0V/5Aout (resistive load) (5mS/div) Top trace: Vout, 5V/div; Bottom trace: Vin, 10V/div Figure 14: Turn on Using Remote On/Off with external capacitors (Co=3000µF), 5.0V/5A out (resistive load) (5mS/div) Top trace: Vout, 5V/div; Bottom trace: On/Off, 2V/div Figure 15: Typical transient response to step load change at 2.5A/μS from 100% to 50% of Io, max at 12Vin, 5.0V out (Cout= 1uF ceramic+ 10μF Tantalum)(200mV/div, 10uS/div) Figure 16: Typical transient response to step load change at 2.5A/μS from 50% to 100% of Io, max at 12Vin, 5.0V out (Cout= 1uF ceramic+ 10μF Tantalum)(200mV/div, 10uS/div) Figure 17: Output short circuit current 12Vin, 0.75Vout (10A/div, 50mS/div) DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 Figure 18: Turn on with Prebias 12Vin, 1.8V/0A out, Vbias =1.0Vdc. (5mS/div) Top trace: Vout, 2V/div; Bottom trace: Vin, 10V/div 5 TEST CONFIGURATIONS DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Input Source Impedance TO OSCILLOSCOPE L VI(+) 2 100uF Tantalum BATTERY VI(-) Note: Input reflected-ripple current is measured with a simulated source inductance. Current is measured at the input of the module. Figure 19: Input reflected-ripple test setup COPPER STRIP Vo 1uF 10uF SCOPE tantalum ceramic Resistive Load To maintain low-noise and ripple at the input voltage, it is critical to use low ESR capacitors at the input to the module. The input capacitance should be able to handle an AC ripple current of at least: Irms = Iout Vout ⎛ Vout ⎞ ⎜1 − ⎟ Vin ⎝ Vin ⎠ Arms The power module should be connected to a low ac-impedance input source. Highly inductive source impedances can affect the stability of the module. An input capacitance must be placed close to the modules input pins to filter ripple current and ensure module stability in the presence of inductive traces that supply the input voltage to the module. Safety Considerations For safety-agency approval the power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-use safety agency standards. GND Note: Use a 10μF tantalum and 1μF capacitor. Scope measurement should be made using a BNC connector. Figure 20: Peak-peak output noise and startup transient measurement test setup CONTACT AND DISTRIBUTION LOSSES VI Vo I Io For the converter output to be considered meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the input must meet SELV requirements. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. The input to these units is to be provided with a maximum (TBD) A of glass type fast-acting fuse in the ungrounded lead. LOAD SUPPLY GND CONTACT RESISTANCE Figure 21: Output voltage and efficiency measurement test setup Note: All measurements are taken at the module terminals. When the module is not soldered (via socket), place Kelvin connections at module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to contact resistance. η =( Vo × Io ) × 100 % Vi × Ii DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 6 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Remote On/Off Output Voltage Programming The DNT series power modules have an On/Off pin for remote On/Off operation. Both positive and negative On/Off logic options are available in the DNT series power modules. For positive logic module, connect an open collector (NPN) transistor or open drain (N channel) MOSFET between the On/Off pin and the GND pin (see figure 22). Positive logic On/Off signal turns the module ON during the logic high and turns the module OFF during the logic low. When the positive On/Off function is not used, leave the pin floating or tie to Vin (module will be On). For negative logic module, the On/Off pin is pulled high with an external pull-up resistor (see figure 23) Negative logic On/Off signal turns the module OFF during logic high and turns the module ON during logic low. If the negative On/Off function is not used, leave the pin floating or tie to GND. (module will be On) RL GND Figure 22: Positive remote On/Off implementation For example, to program the output voltage of the DNT module to 3.3Vdc, Rtrim is calculated as follows: Rtrim = 3.122 kΩ DNT can also be programmed by applying a voltage between the TRIM and GND pins (Figure 26). The following equation can be used to determine the value of Vtrim needed for a desired output voltage Vo: Vtrim := 0.7 − ⎡⎣( Vo − 0.7525) ⋅ 0.0667⎤⎦ Vo Vin Rtrim is the external resistor in Ω Vo is the desired output voltage. ⎛ 10500 − 1000 ⎞ ⋅ Ω ⎟ ⎝ 2.5475 ⎠ ION/OFF On/Off ⎛ 10500 − 1000 ⎞ ⋅ Ω ⎟ ⎝ Vo − 0.7525 ⎠ Rtrim := ⎜ Rtrim := ⎜ Vo Vin The output voltage of the DNT can be programmed to any voltage between 0.75Vdc and 5.5Vdc by connecting one resistor (shown as Rtrim in Figure 25) between the TRIM and GND pins of the module. Without this external resistor, the output voltage of the module is 0.7525 Vdc. To calculate the value of the resistor Rtrim for a particular output voltage Vo, please use the following equation: Rpull-up ION/OFF On/Off RL GND Figure 23: Negative remote On/Off implementation Vtrim is the external voltage in V Vo is the desired output voltage For example, to program the output voltage of a DNT module to 3.3 Vdc, Vtrim is calculated as follows Vtrim := 0.7 − ( 2.5475 ⋅ 0.0667) Over-Current Protection To provide protection in an output over load fault condition, the unit is equipped with internal over-current protection. When the over-current protection is triggered, the unit enters hiccup mode. The units operate normally once the fault condition is removed. DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 7 The amount of power delivered by the module is the voltage at the output terminals multiplied by the output current. When using the trim feature, the output voltage of the module can be increased, which at the same output current would increase the power output of the module. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module must not exceed the maximum rated power (Vo.set x Io.max ≤ P max). Vtrim = 0.530V Voltage Margining Figure 24: Circuit configuration for programming output voltage using an external resistor Figure 25: Circuit Configuration for programming output voltage Output voltage margining can be implemented in the DNT modules by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-up, from the Trim pin to the ground pin for margining-up the output voltage and by connecting a resistor, Rmargin-down, from the Trim pin to the output pin for margining-down. Figure 26 shows the circuit configuration for output voltage margining. If unused, leave the trim pin unconnected. A calculation tool is available from the evaluation procedure, which computes the values of Rmargin-up and Rmargin-down for a specific output voltage and margin percentage. using external voltage source Table 1 provides Rtrim values required for some common output voltages, while Table 2 provides value of external voltage source, Vtrim, for the same common output voltages. By using a 1% tolerance trim resistor, set point tolerance of ±2% can be achieved as specified in the electrical specification. Vo Rmargin-down Q1 On/Off Trim Rmargin-up Rtrim Q2 GND Table 1 VO (V) 0.7525 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.5 3.3 5.0 5.5 Vin Rtrim (KΩ) Open 22.464 13.047 9.024 5.009 3.122 1.472 1.210 Figure 26: Circuit configuration for output voltage margining Table 2 VO (V) 0.7525 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.5 3.3 5.0 5.5 Vtrim (V) Open 0.670 0.650 0.630 0.583 0.530 0.4167 0.3840 DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 8 THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS THERMAL CURVES Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel. Thermal Testing Setup Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. Figure 28: Temperature measurement location The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 125℃. DNT12S0A0S05(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin =12V,Vo=5.0V (Either Orientation) Output Current (A) 5.0 The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The height of this fan duct is constantly kept at 25.4mm (1’’). Natural Convection 4.0 100LFM 3.0 200LFM 2.0 Thermal Derating Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. To enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected. 1.0 0.0 50 MODULE 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 29: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=12V, Vo=5.0V (Either Orientation) DNT12S0A0S05(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin =12V,Vo=3.3V (Either Orientation) PWB FACING PWB 55 Output Current (A) 5.0 Natural Convection 4.0 100LFM 200LFM 3.0 AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED BELOW THE MODULE 2.0 50.8 (2.0”) AIR FLOW 1.0 12.7 (0.5”) 25.4 (1.0”) Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches) 0.0 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 30: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=12V, Vo=3.3V (Either Orientation) Figure 27: Wind tunnel test setup DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 9 DNT12S0A0S05(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin =12V,Vo=2.0V (Either Orientation) Output Current (A) 5.0 Natural Convection 4.0 100LFM 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 31: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=12V, Vo=2.0V (Either Orientation) DNT12S0A0S05(standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin =12V,Vo=0.75~1.5V (Either Orientation) Output Current (A) 5.0 Natural Convection 4.0 100LFM 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 32: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=12V, Vo=0.75~1.5V (Either Orientation) DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 10 PICK AND PLACE LOCATION SURFACE- MOUNT TAPE & REEL LEAD (Sn/Pb) PROCESS RECOMMEND TEMP. PROFILE Temperature (°C ) 250 200 150 Ramp-up temp. 0.5~3.0°C /sec. Peak temp. 2nd Ramp-up temp. 210~230°C 5sec. 1.0~3.0°C /sec. Pre-heat temp. 140~180°C 60~120 sec. Cooling down rate <3°C /sec. 100 Over 200°C 40~50sec. 50 0 60 120 Time ( sec. ) 180 240 300 LEAD FREE (SAC) PROCESS RECOMMEND TEMP. PROFILE Temp. Peak Temp. 240 ~ 245 ℃ 220℃ Ramp down max. 4℃ /sec. 200℃ 150℃ Preheat time 90~120 sec. Time Limited 75 sec. above 220℃ Ramp up max. 3℃ /sec. 25℃ Time N All f DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 bl li i b d d h l d f bl li i b d 11 MECHANICAL DRAWING SMD PACKAGE DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 SIP PACKAGE (OPTIONAL) 12 PART NUMBERING SYSTEM DNT 12 S Product Series Numbers of Input Voltage Outputs DNT – 3A 04 - 2.4V ~ 5.5V or 5A 12 - 8.3V ~ 14V S - Single 0A0 S Output Voltage Package Type 0A0 - R - SIPS - Programmable SMD 05 N F Output On/Off logic Current A Option Code 03 -3A05 N- Negative F- RoHS 6/6 -5A P- Positive (Lead Free) A - Standard Functions MODEL LIST Model Name Package Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Efficiency 12Vin, 5Vout full load DNT12S0A0S03NFA SMD 8.3V ~ 14Vdc 0.75V ~ 5.5Vdc 3A 93.0% DNT12S0A0R03NFA SIP 8.3V ~ 14Vdc 0.75V ~ 5.5Vdc 3A 92.5% DNT12S0A0S05NFA SMD 8.3V ~ 14Vdc 0.75V ~ 5.5Vdc 5A 92% DNT12S0A0R05NFA SIP 8.3V ~ 14Vdc 0.75V ~ 5.5Vdc 5A 91% CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc USA: Telephone: East Coast: (888) 335 8201 West Coast: (888) 335 8208 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: [email protected] Europe: Phone: +41 31 998 53 11 Fax: +41 31 998 53 53 Email: [email protected] Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 ext 6220 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: [email protected] WARRANTY Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under DS_DNT12SMD05_12192008 13