INTEGRATED CIRCUITS MC1408-8 8-bit multiplying D/A converter Product data Supersedes data of 1994 Aug 31 File under Integrated Circuits, IC11 Handbook 2001 Aug 03 Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 DESCRIPTION PIN CONFIGURATIONS The MC1408-8 is an 8-bit monolithic digital-to-analog converter which provides high-speed performance with low cost. It is designed for use where the output current is a linear product of an 8-bit digital word and an analog reference voltage. N Package NC 1 16 COMPEN GND 2 15 VREF(–) VEE 3 14 V REF(+) IO 4 13 V CC MSB A1 5 12 A 8 A2 6 11 A7 A3 7 10 A6 A4 8 9 A5 FEATURES • Fast settling time: 70 ns (typ) • Relative accuracy ±0.19% (max error) • Non-inverting digital inputs are TTL and CMOS compatible • High-speed multiplying rate 4.0 mA/µs (input slew) • Output voltage swing +0.5 V to –5.0 V • Standard supply voltages +5.0 V and –5.0 V to –15 V LSB D Package1 APPLICATIONS • Tracking A-to-D converters • 2 1/2-digit panel meters and DVMs • Waveform synthesis • Sample-and-Hold • Peak detector • Programmable gain and attenuation • CRT character generation • Audio digitizing and decoding • Programmable power supplies • Analog-digital multiplication • Digital-digital multiplication • Analog-digital division • Digital addition and subtraction • Speech compression and expansion • Stepping motor drive modems • Servo motor and pen drivers V+ 1 16 A8 VREF(+) 2 15 A7 VREF(–) 3 14 A6 COMPEN 4 13 A5 NC 5 12 A4 GND 6 11 A3 V– 7 10 A2 IO 8 9 A1 MSB LSB TOP VIEW NOTE: 1. SO and non-standard pinouts. SL00048 Figure 1. Pin Configurations ORDERING INFORMATION DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE ORDER CODE 16-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package (DIP) 0 °C to +70 °C MC1408-8N SOT38-4 16-Pin Small Outline (SO) Package 0 °C to +70 °C MC1408-8D SOT109-1 2001 Aug 03 2 DWG # 853-0935 26835 Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 BLOCK DIAGRAM MSB A1 A2 5 A3 6 A4 7 A5 8 A6 9 A7 10 11 LSB A8 12 IO 4 CURRENT SWITCHES BIAS CURRENT R-2R LADDER 2 GND VREF (+) 14 13 REFERENCE CURRENT AMPLIFIER 15 (–) VREF VCC 16 COMPEN VEE 3 NPN CURRENT SOURCE PAIR SL00049 Figure 2. Block Diagram feedback. The termination amplifier holds the parasitic capacitance of the ladder at a constant voltage during switching, and provides a low impedance termination of equal voltage for all legs of the ladder. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The MC1408-8 consists of a reference current amplifier, an R-2R ladder, and 8 high-speed current switches. For many applications, only a reference resistor and reference voltage need be added. The R-2R ladder divides the reference amplifier current into binary-related components, which are fed to the remainder current which is equal to the least significant bit. This current is shunted to ground, and the maximum output current is 255/256 of the reference amplifier current, or 1.992 mA for a 2.0 mA reference amplifier current if the NPN current source pair is perfectly matched. The switches are non-inverting in operation; therefore, a high state on the input turns on the specified output current component. The switch uses current steering for high speed, and a termination amplifier consisting of an active load gain stage with unity gain ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SYMBOL PARAMETER VCC Positive power supply voltage VEE Negative power supply voltage V5 – V12 Digital input voltage VO Applied output voltage I14 Reference current V14, V15 Reference amplifier inputs PD Maximum power dissipation, Tamb = 25 °C (still-air)1 N package D package Tamb Operating temperature range Tstg Storage temperature range Tsld Lead soldering temperature (10 sec) UNIT +5.5 V –16.5 V 0 to VCC V –5.2 to +18 V 5.0 mA VEE to VCC NOTES: 1. Derate above 25°C, at the following rates: N package at 11.6 mW/°C; D package at 8.6 mW/°C 2001 Aug 03 RATING 3 1450 1080 mW mW 0 to +75 °C –65 to +150 °C +230 °C Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Pin 3 must be 3 V more negative than the potential to which R15 is returned. VCC = +5.0 VDC, VEE = –15 VDC, VREF/R14 = 2.0 mA unless otherwise specified. Tamb = 0 °C to 75 °C, unless otherwise noted. SYMBOL Er tS PARAMETER Relative accuracy Settling time1 tPLH tPHL Propagation delay time Low-to-High High-to-Low TCIO Output full-scale current drift VIH VIL Digital input logic level (MSB) High Low IIH IIL Digital input current (MSB) High Low I15 Reference input bias current IOR Output current range IO Output current IO(min) VO Off-state Output compliance Out ut voltage com liance TEST CONDITIONS MC1408-8 Min Typ Max ±0.19 Error relative to full-scale IO, Figure 6 To within 1/2 LSB, includes tPLH; Tamb = +25 °C, Figure 7 70 Tamb = +25 °C, Figure 7 35 % ns 100 –20 Figure 8 UNIT ns ppm/°C 2.0 VDC 0.8 Figure 8 VIH = 5.0 V VIL = 0.8 V 0 –0.4 0.04 –0.8 mA Pin 15, Figure 8 –1.0 –5.0 µA 0 0 2.0 2.0 2.1 4.2 mA 1.9 1.99 2.1 mA 0 4.0 µA –0.6 +10 –5.5, +10 –0.55, +0.5 –5.0, +0.5 Figure 8 VEE = –5.0 V VEE = –7.0 V to –15 V Figure 8 VREF = 2.000 V, R14 = 1000 Ω All bits low Er ≤ 0.19% at TA = +25°C, Figure 8 VEE = –5V VEE below –10V VDC SRIREF Reference current slew rate Figure 9 8.0 PSRR(–) Output current power supply sensitivity IREF = 1 mA 0.5 2.7 µA/V All bits low, Figure 8 +2.5 –6.5 +22 –13 mA +5.0 –15 +5.5 –16.5 VDC 34 110 170 305 mW ICC IEE VCCR VEER PD Power supply current Positive Negative Power supply voltage range Positive Negative Power dissipation Tamb = +25 °C, Figure 8 All bits low, Figure 8 VEE = –5.0 VDC VEE = –15.0 VDC NOTES: 1. All bits switched. 2001 Aug 03 4 +4.5 –4.5 mA/µs Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 A negative reference voltage may be used if R14 is grounded and the reference voltage is applied to R15, as shown in Figure 5. A high input impedance is the main advantage of this method. The negative reference voltage must be at least 3.0 V above the VEE supply. Bipolar input signals may be handled by connecting R14 to a positive reference voltage equal to the peak positive input level at Pin 15. TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS IO OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) D-to-A TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS 0 1.0 Capacitive bypass to ground is recommended when a DC reference voltage is used. The 5.0 V logic supply is not recommended as a reference voltage, but if a well regulated 5.0 V supply which drives logic is to be used as the reference, R14 should be formed of two series resistors and the junction of the two resistors bypassed with 0.1 µF to ground. For reference voltages greater than 5.0 V, a clamp diode is recommended between Pin 14 and ground. 2.0 (00000000) INPUT DIGITAL WORD (11111111) SL00050 Figure 3. Typical Performance Characteristics If Pin 14 is driven by a high impedance such as a transistor current source, none of the above compensation methods apply and the amplifier must be heavily compensated, decreasing the overall bandwidth. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Reference Amplifier Drive and Compensation The reference amplifier input current must always flow into Pin 14. regardless of the setup method or reference supply voltage polarity. VCC Connections for a positive reference voltage are shown in Figure 4. The reference voltage source supplies the full reference current. For bipolar reference signals, as in the multiplying mode, R15 can be tied to a negative voltage corresponding to the minimum input level. R15 may be eliminated and Pin 15 grounded, with only a small sacrifice in accuracy and temperature drift. R14 = R15 13 A1 A2 A3 A4 5 6 14 7 15 8 1 9 MC1408 R14 (–)VREF R15 2 A5 VCC A6 A7 R14 = R15 13 A1 A2 A3 A4 5 6 14 7 15 8 1 9 A5 A6 A7 A8 MC1408 A8 R14 4 11 16 16 IO 12 SEE TEXT FOR VALUES OF C. C SL00052 Figure 5. Negative VREF RL IO Output Voltage Range SEE TEXT FOR VALUES OF C. The voltage at Pin 4 must always be at least 4.5 V more positive than the voltage of the negative supply (Pin 3) when the reference current is 2 mA or less, and at least 8 V more positive than the negative supply when the reference current is between 2 mA and 4 mA. This is necessary to avoid saturation of the output transistors, which would cause serious degradation of accuracy. C VEE SL00051 Figure 4. Positive VREF Philips Semiconductors MC1408-8 does not need a range control because the design extends the compliance range down to 4.5 V (or 8 V — see above) above the negative supply voltage without significant degradation of accuracy. Philips Semiconductors MC1408-8 can be used in sockets designed for other manufacturers’ MC1408 without circuit modification. The compensation capacitor value must be increased with increasing values of R14 to maintain proper phase margin. For R14 values of 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 kΩ, minimum capacitor values are 15, 37, and 75 pF. The capacitor may be tied to either VEE or ground, but using VEE increases negative supply rejection. (Fluctuations in the negative supply have more effect on accuracy than do any changes in the positive supply.) 2001 Aug 03 11 RL VEE R15 12 3 4 3 (+)VREF 2 10 10 5 Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 Output Current Range Monotonicity Any time the full-scale current exceeds 2 mA, the negative supply must be at least 8 V more negative than the output voltage. This is due to the increased internal voltage drops between the negative supply and the outputs with higher reference currents. A monotonic converter is one which always provides an analog output greater than or equal to the preceding value for a corresponding increment in the digital input code. The MC1408-8 is monotonic for all values of reference current above 0.5 mA. The recommended range for operation is a DC reference current between 0.5 mA and 4.0 mA. Accuracy Absolute accuracy is the measure of each output current level with respect to its intended value, and is dependent upon relative accuracy, full-scale accuracy and full-scale current drift. Relative accuracy is the measure of each output current level as a fraction of the full-scale current after zero-scale current has been nulled out. The relative accuracy of the MC1408-8 is essentially constant over the operating temperature range because of the excellent temperature tracking of the monolithic resistor ladder. The reference current may drift with temperature, causing a change in the absolute accuracy of output current; however, the MC1408-8 has a very low full-scale current drift over the operating temperature range. Settling Time The worst case switching condition occurs when all bits are switched on, which corresponds to a low-to-high transition for all input bits. This time is typically 70 ns for settling to within 1/2LSB for 8-bit accuracy. This time applies when RL < 500 Ω and CO < 25 pF. The slowest single switch is the least significant bit, which typically turns on and settles in 65 ns. In applications where the D-to-A converter functions in a positive going ramp mode, the worst-case condition does not occur and settling times less than 70 ns may be realized. The MC1408-8 series is guaranteed accurate to within ±1/2 LSB at +25 °C at a full-scale output current of 1.99 mA. The relative accuracy test circuit is shown in Figure 6. The 12-bit converter is calibrated to a full-scale output current of 1.99219 mA; then the MC1408-8’s full-scale current is trimmed to the same value with R14 so that a zero value appears at the error amplifier output. The counter is activated and the error band may be displayed on the oscilloscope, detected by comparators, or stored in a peak detector. Extra care must be taken in board layout since this usually is the dominant factor in satisfactory test results when measuring settling time. Short leads, 100 µF supply bypassing for low frequencies, minimum scope lead length, good ground planes, and avoidance of ground loops are all mandatory. Two 8-bit D-to-A converters may not be used to construct a 16-bit accurate D-to-A converter. 16-bit accuracy implies a total of ±1/2 part in 65,536, or ±0.00076%, which is much more accurate than the ±0.19% specification of the MC1408-8. MSB A1 A2 12-BIT A3 D-TO-A A4 CONVERTER (±0.02% A5 A6 ERROR MAX) A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 0 TO +10V OUTPUT 5k LSB 50k 0.1µF VREF = 2V – + 100 950 R14 8-BIT COUNTER ERROR (1V = 1%) NE530 13 MSB 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 LSB VCC 4 MC1408 15 16 1k 3 2 1 C VEE SL00053 Figure 6. Relative Accuracy 2001 Aug 03 6 Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 VCC 0.1µF 13 eIN 6 14 7 8 9 10 11 15 1 2 MC1408 1.0k RL 12 1.4V 0.4V tPHL = tPLH = 10ns FOR TURN OFF MEASUREMENT RL = 500Ω SETTLING TIME FOR SETTLING TIME MEASUREMENT (ALL BITS eO SWITCHED LOW TO HIGH) 0 tS = 70ns TYPICAL TO ±1/2LSB 15pF 3 USE RL to GND 1.0V 0.1µF 1.0k 51 eIN R14 4 16 0.1µF 2.4V +2VDC 5 CO ≤ 25pF 0 TRANSIENT RESPONSE –100 mV VEE RL = 50Ω PIN 4 TO GND tPLH tPHL SL00054 Figure 7. Transient Response and Settling Time VCC TYPICAL VALUES R14 = R15 = 1k VREF = +2.0V C = 15pF ICC 13 DIGITAL INPUTS A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 (+) VI 5 14 6 7 8 9 15 1 2 MC1408 I14 VI AND II APPLY TO INPUTS A1 THROUGH A8 R14 VREF(+) THE RESISTOR TIED TO PIN 15 IS TO TEMPERATURE COMPENSATE THE BIAS CURRENT AND MAY NOT BE NECESSARY FOR ALL APPLICATIONS I15 R15 I 10 11 4 12 16 VO OUTPUT O A1 + K 2 where K + IO 3 IEE 4 ) A3 8 ) A4 16 ) A5 ) 32 A6 64 ) A8 A7 ) 128 256 V REF RL II A2 ) R 14 and AN = “1” IF AN IS AT HIGH LEVEL AN = “0” IF AN IS AT LOW LEVEL VEE (SEE TEXT FOR VALUES OF C.) SL00055 Figure 8. Notation Definitions VCC 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 MC1408 14 15 1 2 1k VREF 1k 4 16 12 3 dI dt SCOPE 15pF RL = 50 + I dV R L dt 10% 90% 0 2.0mA SLEWING TIME VEE SL00056 Figure 9. Reference Current Slew Rate Measurement 2001 Aug 03 7 Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 DIP16: plastic dual in-line package; 16 leads (300 mil) 2001 Aug 03 8 SOT38-4 Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 SO16: plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 3.9 mm 2001 Aug 03 9 SOT109-1 Philips Semiconductors Product data 8-bit multiplying D/A converter MC1408-8 Data sheet status Data sheet status [1] Product status [2] Definitions Objective data Development This data sheet contains data from the objective specification for product development. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to change the specification in any manner without notice. Preliminary data Qualification This data sheet contains data from the preliminary specification. Supplementary data will be published at a later date. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to change the specification without notice, in order to improve the design and supply the best possible product. Product data Production This data sheet contains data from the product specification. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes at any time in order to improve the design, manufacturing and supply. Changes will be communicated according to the Customer Product/Process Change Notification (CPCN) procedure SNW-SQ-650A. [1] Please consult the most recently issued data sheet before initiating or completing a design. [2] The product status of the device(s) described in this data sheet may have changed since this data sheet was published. The latest information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.semiconductors.philips.com. Definitions Short-form specification — The data in a short-form specification is extracted from a full data sheet with the same type number and title. For detailed information see the relevant data sheet or data handbook. Limiting values definition — Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. Philips Semiconductors make no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. Disclaimers Life support — These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips Semiconductors customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips Semiconductors for any damages resulting from such application. Right to make changes — Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes, without notice, in the products, including circuits, standard cells, and/or software, described or contained herein in order to improve design and/or performance. Philips Semiconductors assumes no responsibility or liability for the use of any of these products, conveys no license or title under any patent, copyright, or mask work right to these products, and makes no representations or warranties that these products are free from patent, copyright, or mask work right infringement, unless otherwise specified. Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2002 All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Contact information For additional information please visit http://www.semiconductors.philips.com. Fax: +31 40 27 24825 Date of release: 01-02 For sales offices addresses send e-mail to: [email protected]. 2001 Aug 03 Document order number: 10 9397 750 09381