Order this document by LM337M/D The LM337M is an adjustable three–terminal negative voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 500 mA over an output voltage range of –1.2 V to –37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making it essentially blow–out proof. The LM337M serves a wide variety of applications including local, on–card regulation. This device can also be used to make a programmable output regulator or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output. The LM337M can be used as a precision current regulator. • Output Current in Excess of 500 mA • • • • • • • MEDIUM CURRENT THREE–TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE NEGATIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A Output Adjustable Between –1.2 V and –37 V Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Pin 1. Adjust 2. Vin 3. Vout Output Transistor Safe–Area Compensation Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications 1 2 3 Standard 3–Lead Transistor Packages Eliminates Stocking Many Fixed Voltages Standard Application IPROG R2 + Cin * 1.0µF + CO ** R1 120 1.0µF IAdj Adjust Vin –Vin LM337M Vout –Vout *Cin is required if regulator is located more than 4″ from power supply filter. **A 1.0 µF solid tantalum or 10 µF aluminum electrolytic is recommended. **CO is necessary for stability. A 1.0 µF solid tantalum or 10 µF aluminum **electrolytic is recommeded. Vout ǒ Ǔ + –1.25 V 1 ) R2 R1 ORDERING INFORMATION Device LM337MT Operating Temperature Range Package TJ = 0° to +125°C Plastic Power Motorola, Inc. 1996 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Rev 1 1 LM337M MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit VI–VO 40 Vdc Power Dissipation PD Internally Limited W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ 0 to +125 °C Tstg –65 to +150 °C Input–Output Voltage Differential Storage Temperature Range ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (|VI – VO| = 5.0 V, IO = 0.1; TJ = Tlow to Thigh [Note 1], Pmax per Note 2, unless otherwise noted.) Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Line Regulation (Note 3) TA = 25°C, 3.0 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V 1 Regline – 0.01 0.04 %/V Load Regulation (Note 3) TA = 25°C, 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ 0.5 A |VO| ≤ 5.0V |VO| ≥ 5.0V 2 Regload – – 15 0.3 15 1.0 mV %/VO Thermal Regulation 10 ms Pulse, TA = 25°C – Regtherm – 0.03 0.04 % VO/W Adjustment Pin Current 3 IAdj – 65 100 µA Adjustment Pin Current Change 2.5 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V, 10 mA ≤ IL ≤ 0.5 A, PD ≤ Pmax, TA = 25°C 1, 2 ∆IAdj – 2.0 5.0 µA Reference Voltage 3.0 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V, 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ 0.5 A, PD ≤ Pmax, TA = 25°C Tlow to Thigh 3 Vref Line Regulation (Note 3) 3.0 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V 1 Regline Load Regulation (Note 3) 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ 0.5 A |VO| ≤ 5.0 V |VO| ≥ 5.0 V 2 Regload Temperature Stability (Tlow ≤ TJ ≤ Thigh) 3 TS Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (|VI–VO| ≤ 10 V) (|VI–VO| ≤ 40 V) 3 ILmin Maximum Output Current |VI–VO| ≤ 15 V, PD ≤ Pmax |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V, PD ≤ Pmax, TJ = 25°C 3 RMS Noise, % of VO TA = 25°C, 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz – N Ripple Rejection, VO = –10 V, f = 120 Hz (Note 4) Without CAdj CAdj = 10 µF 4 RR Long Term Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 5) TA = 25°C for Endpoint Measurements 3 Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case – Characteristics V –1.213 –1.20 –1.250 –1.25 –1.287 –1.30 – 0.02 0.07 – – 20 0.3 70 1.5 – 0.6 – – – 1.5 2.5 6.0 10 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.25 – – – 0.003 – – 66 60 77 – – S – 0.3 1.0 %/1.0 k Hrs RΘJC – 7.0 – °C/W %/V mV %/VO %/VO mA Imax A %/VO dB NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C 2. Pmax = 7.5 W 3 Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Changes in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. 4. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground. 5. Since Long Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot. 2 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM337M Schematic Diagram Adjust 60 100 2.0k 2.5k 810 21k 800 Vout 15pF 50k 60k 100k 2.0k 15pF 800 750 220 25pF 10k 18k 4.0k 6.0k 100 18k 20k 8.0k 240 5.0pF 100pF 30k 2.0 pF 250 2.2k 270 9.6k 3.0k 1.0k 5.0k 0.2 100k 4.0k 600 2.9k 15 155 2.4k 500 15 500 0.1 Vin Figure 1. Line Regulation and ∆IAdj/Line Test Circuit R2 1% + Cin 1.0µF CO IAdj R1 Adjust * Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Vin LM337M 120 1% 1.0µF RL Vout VOH VIH VOL VIL * Line Regulation (%/VO) = VEE MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA |VOL – VOH| x 100 |VOH| 3 LM337M Figure 2. Load Regulation and ∆IAdj/Load Test Circuit R2 * Pulse Testing required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. 1% CO + Cin 1.0µF IAdj R1 120 1% 1.0µF * Adjust Vin –Vin Vout LM33M RL (max Load) –VO (min Load) IL VO (max Load) Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) – VO (max Load) VO (min Load) – VO(max Load) x 100 VO (min Load) Load Regulation (%/VO) = Figure 3. Standard Test Circuit 1% R2 + Cin VI CO 1.0µF 1.0µF VO RL Vref IAdj R1 120 Adjust Vin LM337M To Calculate R2: R2 = VO Vref Vout IL – 1 R1 Pulse Testing Required: 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. This assumes IAdj is negligible. Figure 4. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit + R2 Cin CAdj 1% CO 1.0µF Adjust Vin 10µF LM337M R1 120 D1 * + 1.0µF RL VO 1N4002 Vout Vout = –1.25 V 14.3V *D1 Discharges CAdj if Output is shorted to Ground. 4.3V f = 120 Hz 4 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM337M Figure 6. Current Limit 4 0.2 0 IL = 0.5 A –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V –1.0 IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) ∆ V O , OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (%) Figure 5. Load Regulation 3 TJ = 25°C 2 TJ = 150°C –1.2 –1.4 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 150 0 10 20 30 VI – VO, INPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) Figure 7. Adjustment Pin Current 40 Figure 8. Dropout Voltage 3.0 V in –Vout , INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) 80 IAdj, ADJUSTMENT CURRENT ( µ A) TJ = 55°C 1 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 Vout = –5.0 V ∆Vout = 100 mV 2.5 2.0 IL = 500 mA IL = 200 mA 1.5 IL = 20 mA 1.0 40 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 9. Temperature Stability Figure 10. Minimum Operating Current IB , QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) Vref, REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 1.270 1.260 1.250 1.240 1.8 TJ = –55°C 1.6 TJ = 25°C 1.4 1.2 TJ = 150°C 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1.230 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 150 0 10 20 30 40 Vin–Vout, INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) 5 LM337M Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Output Voltage Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current 100 CAdj = 10 µF 80 60 RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 100 Without CAdj 40 Vin – Vout = 5.0 V IL = 500 mA f = 120 Hz TJ = 25°C 20 0 0 –5 –10 –15 –20 –25 –30 VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) –35 CAdj = 10 µF 80 Without CAdj 60 40 20 Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V f = 120 Hz TJ = 25°C 0 0.01 –40 0.1 1.0 IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Figure 13. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 14. Output Impedance 101 CAdj = 10 µF 60 40 Without CAdj 20 Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V IL = 500 mA TJ = 25°C 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 100 10–1 Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V IL = 500 mA CL = 1.0 µF TJ = 25°C Without CAdj 10–2 CAdj = 10µF 10–3 10 10 M 100 Figure 15. Line Transient Response 0.6 0.4 Without CAdj 0 –0.2 –0.4 CAdj = 10 µF Vout = –10 V IL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C CL = 1.0 µF 0 –0.5 –1.0 0 10 20 t, TIME (µs) 10 k 100 k 1M Figure 16. Load Transient Reponse 0.8 0.2 1.0 k f, FREQUENCY (Hz) ∆ Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) ∆ Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (V) 0 10 ∆ Vin , INPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (V) Z O , OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ( Ω ) 80 I L , LOAD CURRENT (A) RR, RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 100 6 10 30 40 0.6 0.4 Without CAdj 0.2 0 CAdj = 10 µF –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V INL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C CL = 1.0 µF 0 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 0 10 20 t, TIME (µs) 30 40 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM337M APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Basic Circuit Operation The LM337M is a three–terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM337M develops and maintains a nominal –1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 17), and this constant current flows through R2 to ground. The regulated output voltage is given by: R2 Vout = Vref (1 + ) + IAdj R2 R1 Since the current into the adjustment terminal (IAdj) represents an error term in the equation, the LM337M was designed to control IAdj to less than 100 µA and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM337M is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible. Figure 17. Basic Circuit Configuration + IAdj Adjust Vin LM337M Vref R2 IPRONG + CO degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. External Capacitors A 1.0 µF tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 µF capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 µF tantalum or 10 µF aluminum electrolytic capacitor is required for stability. Protection Diodes When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Figure 18 shows the LM337M with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of –25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 25 µF, CAdj > 10 µF). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit. Vout R1 Figure 18. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes – Vout + R2 Vref = –1.25 V Typically Load Regulation The LM337M is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA + CAdj + + Adjust –Vin Vout CO Cin R1 D2 LM337M Vin – Vout 1N4002 D1 1N4002 7 LM337M OUTLINE DIMENSIONS T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A–06 ISSUE Y –T– B C F T S SEATING PLANE NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED. 4 A Q 1 2 3 U H K Z L R V J G D N DIM A B C D F G H J K L N Q R S T U V Z INCHES MIN MAX 0.570 0.620 0.380 0.405 0.160 0.190 0.025 0.035 0.142 0.147 0.095 0.105 0.110 0.155 0.018 0.025 0.500 0.562 0.045 0.060 0.190 0.210 0.100 0.120 0.080 0.110 0.045 0.055 0.235 0.255 0.000 0.050 0.045 ––– ––– 0.080 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 14.48 15.75 9.66 10.28 4.07 4.82 0.64 0.88 3.61 3.73 2.42 2.66 2.80 3.93 0.46 0.64 12.70 14.27 1.15 1.52 4.83 5.33 2.54 3.04 2.04 2.79 1.15 1.39 5.97 6.47 0.00 1.27 1.15 ––– ––– 2.04 Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1–800–441–2447 or 602–303–5454 JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi–SPD–JLDC, 6F Seibu–Butsuryu–Center, 3–14–2 Tatsumi Koto–Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03–81–3521–8315 MFAX: [email protected] – TOUCHTONE 602–244–6609 INTERNET: http://Design–NET.com ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298 8 ◊ *LM337M/D* MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA LM337M/D