Micrel MICRF113YM6 Qwikradioâ® ask transmitter Datasheet

MICRF113
QwikRadio® ASK Transmitter
General Description
The MICRF113 is a high performance, easy to use, single
chip ASK Transmitter IC for remote wireless applications in
the 300 to 450MHz frequency band. This transmitter IC is
a true “data-in, antenna-out” monolithic device. MICRF113
has three strong attributes: power delivery, operating
voltage and operating temperature. In terms of power, the
MICRF113 is capable of delivering +10 dBm into a 50Ω
load. This power level enables a small form factor
transmitter (lossy antenna) such as a key fob transmitter to
operate near the maximum limit of transmission
regulations. In terms of operating voltage, the MICRF113
operates from 1.8V to 3.6V. Many transmitter ICs in the
same frequency band stop operating below 2.0V. The
MICRF113 will work with most batteries to the end of their
useful limits. In terms of operating temperature, the
MICRF113 operates from -40°C to +85°C.
The MICRF113 is easy to use. It requires a reference
frequency (RF carrier frequency divided by 32 times)
generated from a crystal with a few additional external
parts to create a complete versatile transmitter.
The MICRF113 operates with ASK/OOK (Amplitude Shift
Keying/On-Off Keyed) UHF receiver types from wide-band
super-regenerative
radios
to
narrow-band,
high
performance
super-heterodyne
receivers.
The
MICRF113’s maximum ASK data rate is 10kbps
(Manchester Encoding).
The MICRF113 transmitter solution is ideal for industrial
and consumer applications where simplicity and form
factor are important.
Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Complete UHF transmitter
Frequency range 300MHz to 450MHz
Data rates up to 10kbps ASK
Output Power to 10dBm
Low external part count
Low voltage operation (down to 1.8V)
Operate with crystals or ceramic resonators
Applications
•
•
•
•
•
Fan Controllers
Remote Power Switches
Multi-Media Remote Control
Remote Sensor Data Links
Infrared Transmitter Replacement
Ordering Information
Part Number
MICRF113YM6
Temp. Range
–40°C to +85°C
Package
SOT23-6
Typical Application
Vdd
C1
L1
680nH
(470nH)
6.3V
L2
82nH
(150nH)
L3
1
PCB
ANTENNA
3
MICRF113
1
C3
10pF
50V
2
Vdd
3
PAOUT
ASK
VSS
XTLIN
Vdd
XTLOUT
6
DATA
5
4
Y1 13.560MHz
(9.84375 MHz)
2
C2
4.7pF
(6.8pF)
C4
18pF
C5
18pF
Figure 1. MICRF113 ASK Key Fob Design for 315 MHz and 433.92 MHz
QwikRadio is a registered trademark of Micrel, Inc.
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 • http://www.micrel.com
June 2008
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Micrel, Inc.
MICRF113
Note: Values indicated in parentheses are for 315MHz
Pin Configuration
PAOUT 1
6 ASK
VSS 2
5 XTLIN
VDD 3
4 XTLOUT
SOT-23-6
Pin Description
Pin Number
MSOP-6
Pin Name
Pin Function
1
PA_OUT
PA output
2
VSS
Ground
3
VDD
Voltage Drain Drain (Input): Positive Power Supply
4
XTLOUT
5
XTLIN
6
ASK
June 2008
Crystal Out (Output): Reference oscillator output connection.
Crystal In (Input): Reference oscillator input connection.
ASK DATA Input
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MICRF113
Absolute Maximum Ratings (1)
Operating Ratings (2)
Supply Voltage VDD ...................................................+5.0V
Voltage on PAOUT......................................................+7.2V
Voltage on I/O Pins ............................ VSS–0.3 to VDD+0.3
Storage Temperature Range ....................-65°C to + 150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) ............ + 300°C
ESD Rating..................................................................2KV(3)
Supply Voltage VDD ........................................ 1.8V to 3.6V
Ambient Operating Temperature (TA) ........ –40°C to +85°C
Programmable Transmitter Frequency Range
....................................................... 300MHz to 450MHz
Electrical Characteristics(4)
Specifications apply for VDD = 3.0V, TA = 25°C, FreqREFOSC = 13.560MHz, EN = VDD.
Bold values indicate –40°C to 85°C unless otherwise noted. 1kbps data rate 50% duty cycle. RL 50ohm load (matched)
Parameter
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Power Supply
Mark Supply Current ION
SPACE supply current, IOFF
@ 315MHz, POUT = +10dBm
12.3
mA
@ 433.92MHz, POUT = +10dBm
12.5
mA
@ 315MHz
2
mA
@ 433.92 MHz
2
mA
10
dBm
RF Output Section and Modulation Limits:
Output power level, POUT
ASK "mark"
@315MHz (4)
10
dBm
Harmonics output for 315
MHz
@ 630MHz (4) 2nd harm.
-39
dBc
(4)
-53
dBc
@433.92MHz
@945MHz
(4)
3rd harm.
@ 867.84MHz
Harmonics output for
433.92 MHz
(4)
2nd harm.
-55
dBc
@1301.76MHz (4) 3rd harm.
-55
dBc
70
dBc
Extinction ratio for ASK
ASK Modulation
Data Rate
10
@315MHz
Occupied Bandwidth
(6)
@433.92MHz
(6)
kbps
<700
kHz
<1000
kHz
VCO Section
315 MHz Single Side Band
Phase Noise
@ 100kHz from Carrier
-76
dBc/Hz
@ 1000kHz from Carrier
-79
dBc/Hz
433.92 MHz Single Side
Band Phase Noise
@ 100kHz from Carrier
-72
dBc/Hz
@ 1000kHz from Carrier
-81
dBc/Hz
Reference Oscillator Section
XTLIN, XTLOUT
Pin capacitance
2
pF
External Capacitance
See Schematic C17 & C18
18
pF
Crystal: HC49S
300
µs
VDD transition from LOW to HIGH
500
µs
(5)
Oscillator Startup Time
Digital / Control Section
Output Blanking
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MICRF113
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Parameter
Digital Input ASK Pin
Digital Input Leakage
Current ASK Pin
Condition
Min
High (VIH)
0.8×VDD
Typ
Max
Units
0.2×VDD
V
V
Low (VIL)
High (VIH)
0.05
µA
Low (VIL)
0.05
µA
1.6
V
Under Voltage Lock Out
(UVLO)
Notes:
1.
Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
2.
The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.
3.
Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF.
4.
Measured using Test Circuit in Figure 2.
5.
Dependent on crystal
6.
RBW = 100kHz, OBW measured at -20dBc.
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MICRF113
Test Circuit
SMA-1
L1
39nH
C103
100pF
O/P
VDD
5
GND
L101
50-8000MHz
1
2
I/P
K10-A
8
1
2
AGND_SNS
3
DV19_1S_VDD
ASK
MICRF113
SOT-6
PAOUT
ASK
VSS
XTLIN
VDD
XTLOUT
6
R101
10K
K1-A
DDD7_2_ASK
5
4
Y1
K1-B
K6-A
13.56MHz
Y2
DV19_1S_VDD
C6
10µF
C5
0.1µF
K8-B
C4
10pF
C19
10pF
9.84MHz
K8-A
C20
10pF
Figure 2. MICRF113 Test Circuit
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MICRF113
MICRF113 PCB Layout Recommendations
Top Layer
MICRF113 50 Ohm Test Board
Assembly Drawing
MICRF113 50 Ohm Test Board
Bottom Layer
MICRF113 50 Ohm Test Board
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MICRF113
Typical Characteristics Using MICRF113, 50Ω test Board
315MHz OBW, ASK = 1kHz
315Mhz OBW, ASK = 10kHz
CW Max Power @ 3V, 315MHz,
ASK = 1kHz, Note 1
RF Spectrum 2 Harmonic;
Fundamental at 315 MHz
RF Spectrum 3rd Harmonic;
Fundamental at 315 MHz
315MHz, Power Level at Space,
VDD = 3.0V, ASK = 1kHz, -62dBm
nd
Note 1. 1.2dB cable loss.
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June 2008
MICRF113
315MHz, Zero Span , ASK = 1kHz
315MHz, Zero Span, ASK = 10kHz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = 1kHz,
100kHz Offset, –75.59dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = 1khz,
1MHz Offset, –78.99dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
100kHz Offset, –70.96dBc/Hz
315MHz, Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
1MHz Offset, –76.72dBc/Hz
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MICRF113
433.92MHz OBW, ASK = 1kHz
433.92MHz OBW, ASK = 10kHz
433.92MHz, CW Max Power @ 3V,
ASK = 1kHz, Note 1
RF Spectrum 2nd Harmonic;
Fundamental at 433.92 MHz
RF Spectrum 3rd Harmonic;
Fundamental at 433.92 MHz
433.92MHz Power Level at Space,
VDD = 3.0V, ASK = 1kHz, -52dBm
Note: 1.3dB cable loss.
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June 2008
MICRF113
433.92MHz Zero Span, 1kHz
433.92ASK Zero Span at 10kHz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
100kHz Offset, –81.73dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = CW,
1MHz Offset, –78.49dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = 1kHz,
100kHz Offset, –71.64dBc/Hz
433.92MHz Phase Noise, ASK = 1kHz,
1MHz Offset, –79.4dBc/Hz
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MICRF113
Functional Diagram
PLL X 32
XTLOUT
XTLIN
XTAL
Osc.
PFD
Divider
PA
PAOUT
Charge
Pump
VCO
Lock
Enable
Control
Amplitude
ASK
Under Voltage
Detect
VDD
VSS
Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram MICRF113
Functional Description
Crystal Oscillator Parameters for ASK Operation
Figure 4 shows a reference oscillator circuit
configuration for ASK operation. The reference oscillator
is capable of driving crystals with ESR range from 20Ω
to 300Ω.
Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of the MICRF113
transmitter. The MICRF113 is best described as a phase
locked transmitter. The MICRF113 system is partitioned
into five functional blocks:
•
•
•
•
•
When the ESR of crystal is at 20Ω, the crystal parameter
limits are:
Crystal oscillator
PLL×32
Power amplifier
Enable control
Under voltage detection
ESR 20Ω
Cpar 2 to 10pF
Cmo 10 to 40fF
Crystal Oscillator
The reference oscillator is crystal-based Pierce
configuration, designed to accept crystals with frequency
from 9.375MHz to 14.0625MHz.
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MICRF113
CRYSTAL MODEL
Enable Control
Enable control gates the ASK data. It only allows
transmission when Lock, Amplitude and Under Voltage
Detect conditions are valid.
XTLOUT
ESR
CLOAD
CMO
Under Voltage Detect
“Under voltage detect” block senses operating voltage.
If the operating voltage falls below 1.6V, “under voltage
detect” block will send a signal to “enable control” block
to disable the PA.
VSS
CPAR
CLOAD
XTLIN
MICRF113 ASK
Figure 4. Reference Oscillator ASK Operation
When the ESR of crystal is at 300Ω, the crystal
parameter limits are:
ESR
300Ω
CPAR
2 to 5pF
CMO
10 to 40fF
CLOAD
10 to 30pF
PLL ×32
The function of PLL×32 is to provide a stable carrier
frequency for transmission. It is a “divide by 32” phase
locked loop oscillator.
Power Amplifier
The power amplifier serves two purposes: 1) to buffer
the VCO from external elements and 2) to amplify the
phase locked signal. The power amplifier can produce
+10dBm at 3V (typical).
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MICRF113
.
Application Information
Vdd
C2
100pF
50V
R7
MICRF113YM6
4
C15 NP
1nF
5
REFOSC
6
DATA
XTLOUT
VDD
XTLIN
VSS
ASK
PAOUT
L1
820nH
(470nH)
3
2
C5
12pF 50V
(10pF 50V)
13.560MHz
(9.4375MHz)
C13
18pF
C16 NP
1
Y1
R2
100k
C10
0.1 F
50V
C1
10 F
6.3V
C12 NP
(4.7 F/
6.3V/
0805)
C14
18pF
C11 NP
L4
68nH
(150nH)
C6 NP
C7
4.7pF
(6.8pF)
1
L5
ANTENNA
3
2
Figure 6. ASK 433.92MHz and (315MHz)
Notes:
1.
Components labeled NP are not placed.
2.
Values without parentheses are for 433.92 MHz and values in parentheses are for 315MHz.
3.
Value of R7 is selected to vary the output power.
The MICRF113 is well suited to drive a 50-ohm source,
monopole or a loop antenna. Figure 6 is an example of a
loop antenna configuration. Figure 6 also shows both
315MHz and 433.92MHz ASK configurations for a loop
antenna. Besides using a different crystal, Table 1 lists
modified values needed for the listed frequencies.
Frequency
(MHz)
L1
(nH)
C5
(pF)
L4
(nH)
C7
(pF)
Y1 (MHz)
315.0
470
10
150
6.8
9.84375
433.92
820
12
68
4.7
13.5600
Power Amplitude Control Using External Resistor
R7 is used to adjust the RF amplitude output levels
which may be needed to meet compliance regulation. As
an example, the following tables list typical values of
conducted RF output levels and corresponding R7
resistor values for the 50-ohm test board, as shown in
Figure 2. R7 of the TX113-1C Demo board using the
loop antenna can be adjusted for the appropriate
radiated field allowed by FCC or ETSI compliance.
Contact Micrel for suggested R7 values to meet FCC
and ETSI compliances.
Table 1
The reference design shown in Figure 6 has an antenna
optimized for using the matching network as described in
Table 1.
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MICRF113
RF Output Response as a Function of VDD and ASK
R7, Ω
Output Power, dBm
IDD, mA
0
10
6.7
75
8.5
6.3
100
8.0
6.2
500
1.6
4.13
1000
-3.8
4.87
Output Power Versus External Resistor at 315MHz
R7, Ω
Output Power, dBm
IDD, mA
0
8.68
7.5
75
8.34
7.33
100
8.02
7.3
500
4.34
6.3
1000
0.42
5.5
Figure 7. RF Output Response (VDD and ASK)
Output Matching Network
Part of the function of the output network is to attenuate
the second and third harmonics. When matching to a
transmit frequency, care must be taken both to optimize
for maximum output power, and to attenuate unwanted
harmonics.
Output Power Versus External Resistor at 433.92 MHz
Output Power ON-OFF Control
There are two ways to enable the PA output power.
First, by supplying the ASK signal with VDD applied
continuously, resulting in a Mark and Space RF output
condition. A second method involves applying both VDD
and ASK synchronously. The second method allows for
longer battery usage since the battery is disconnected
during non-activation. Figure 7 shows the RF output time
response since VDD and the ASK are applied to the
MICRF113. The RF output response, as a function of
VDD, is typically less then 1.25mSec. This measurement
was done using the circuitry shown in Figure 2.
Layout Issues
PCB Layout is a primary concern for achieving optimum
performance and consistent manufacturing results. Care
must used with the orientation of components to ensure
that they do not couple or decouple the RF signal. PCB
trace length should be short to minimize parasitic
inductance (1 inch ~ 20nH). For example, depending
upon inductance values, a 0.5 inch trace can change the
inductance by as much as 10%. To reduce parasitic
inductance, the practice of using wide traces and a
ground plane under the signal traces is recommended.
Vias with low value inductance should be used for
components requiring a connection-to-ground.
Note: The ASK signal should never be applied before VDD.
Antenna Layout
Directivity is affected by antenna trace layout. No ground
plane should be under the antenna trace. For consistent
performance, components should not be placed inside
the loop of the antenna. Gerber formats (see Figure 8,
for a suggested layout) can be obtained from the Micrel
web site at: http://www.micrel.com.
June 2008
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MICRF113
PCB Board
Top Layer
Assembly Drawing
MICRF113 Demo Board
MICRF113 Demo Board
Bottom Layer
MICRF113 Demo Board
Figure 8. Demo Board PCB
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MICRF113
Vdd
R7
Vdd
MICRF113YM6
4
C15 NP
1nF
5
REFOSC
6
DATA
XTLOUT
VDD
XTLIN
VSS
ASK
PAOUT
L1
820nH
(470nH)
3
2
C13
18pF
C5
12pF 50V
(10pF 50V)
13.560MHz
(9.4375MHz)
C12 NP
(4.7 F/
6.3V/
0805)
C14
18pF
J1
1.8V to 3.6V 1
GROUND 2
DATA 3
C1
10 F
6.3V
C10
0.1 F
50V
C16 NP
1
Y1
R2
100k
C2
100pF
50V
C11 NP
L4
68nH
(150nH)
C6 NP
C7
4.7pF
(6.8pF)
1
L5
ANTENNA
3
2
J2
Vdd
EXTERNAL REF-OSC 1
GROUND 2
DATA
CON 3
REFOSC
CON 2
Figure 9. TX113-1c Demo Board Schematic
Notes:
1.
Components labeled NP are not placed.
2.
Values without parentheses are for 433.92 MHz and values in parentheses are for 315MHz.
3.
Value of R7 is selected to vary the output power.
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MICRF113
schematic of the TX113-1c. Note that components
labeled as NP (not placed) can be used to obtain
different configurations. Table 2 describes each header
pin connector used in the demo board.
Functional Description of TX113-1
Evaluation Board.
Figure 8 shows the TX113-1c Demo Board PCB layout
and assembly (Gerber format). Figure 9 is a detailed
Pin
Function Name
Functional Description
J1-1
VDD
1.8V to 3.6V input voltage
J1-2
VSS
Ground
J1-3
ASK
Modulating Data Input
J2-1
REF-OSC
External Reference Oscillator Input
J2-2
VSS
Ground
Table 2
TX113-1-433.92 ASK Bill of Materials
Item
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Quantity
1
1
1
Ref
C1
C2
C5
Part
10µF
100pF
12pF
PCB
Footprint
0805
0603
0603
Mfg P/N
GRM21BR60J106KE01L
GRM1885C1H101JA01D
GRM1885C1H100JA01D
Manufacturer
muRata
muRata
muRata
3
1
C6,C11,C16
C7
(NP)
4.7pF
0603
GRM1885C1H4R7JA01D
muRata
2
1
1
1
C13,C14
J1
L1
L4
18pF
CON3
820nH
68nH
0603
muRata
0805
0603
12
13
1
1
L5
R2
ANTENNA
100kΩ
0603
GRM1885C1H180JA01D
TSHR-114-S-02-A-GT
0805CS-680XJB
0603CS-082NXJB
ANTENNA LOOP, Part of
PCB
CRCW0603100KFKEA
14
13
14
1
1
1
R7
U1
Y1
0Ω
MICRF113YMM6
13.560MHZ XTAL
0603
CRC06030000Z0EA
MICRF113YMM6
SA-13.5600-F-10-C-3-3
Coilcraft
Coilcraft
Vishay
Vishay
Micrel
HIB
Table 3
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MICRF113
Tx113-1-315MHz ASK Bill of Materials
PCB
Footprint
0805
0603
0603
Item
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Quantity
1
1
1
Ref
C1
C2
C5
Part
10µF
100pF
10pF
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
C6,C11,C16
C7
C10
C13,C14
J1,J2
L1
L4
(np)
6.8pF
0.1µF
18pF
CON3
470nH
150nH
12
13
14
13
1
1
1
1
L5
R2
R7
U1
14
1
Y1
ANTENNA
100kΩ
0Ω
MICRF113YMM6
9.84375MHZ
XTAL
0603
0603
0603
0805
0603
0603
0603
Mfg P/N
GRM21BR60J106KE01L
GRM1885C1H101JA01D
GRM1885C1H1000JA01D
Manufacturer
muRata
muRata
muRata
GRM1885C1H6R8JA01D
GRM188F51H104ZA01D
GRM1885C1H180JA01D
TSHR-114-S-02-A-GT
0805CS-470XJB
0603CS-R15XJB
ANTENNA LOOP, Part of
PCB
CRCW0603100KFKEA
CRC06030000Z0EA
MICRF113YMM6
muRata
muRata
muRata
SA-9.84375-F-10-C-3-3
Coilcraft
Coilcraft
Vishay
Vishay
Micrel
HIB
Table 4
June 2008
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MICRF113
Package Information
6-Pin Sot Package Type (YM6)
Notes:
1. Dimensions and tolerances are in accordance with ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. Package surface to be mirror finish.
3. Die is facing up for mold. Die is facing down for trim/form, that is, reverse trim/form.
4. The footlength measuring is based on the gauge plane method.
5
Dimensions are exclusive of mold flash and gate burr.
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http://www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its
use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product
can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant
into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A
Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to
fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2008 Micrel, Incorporated.
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June 2008
MICRF113
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