Maxim MAX12000ETB 1575mhz gps front-end amplifier Datasheet

19-4021; Rev 0; 3/06
KIT
ATION
EVALU
LE
B
A
IL
A
AV
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
The MAX12000 GPS front-end amplifier IC is designed
for automotive and marine GPS satellite navigation
antenna modules or for any application that needs to
compensate for cable losses from the GPS antenna to
receiver. Two unconditionally stable low-noise amplifier
stages provide the high gain and integrated I/O matching to minimize the need for external matching components and eliminate the need for additional gain stages.
The MAX12000 features the option to place a bandpass
ceramic or SAW filter between the two amplifier stages
to provide a narrow-band output to further improve the
noise performance of the GPS receiver. Additionally, a
3.4dB gain step is provided to compensate for cable
loss variation between different applications.
The MAX12000 is designed to operate at the GPS frequency of 1575MHz with a 34.8dB typical cascaded
gain and a 25mA supply current. The two LNA stages
allow the use of a wide range of GPS filter types for
maximum flexibility in system design. The final RF output pin, which drives the cable to the GPS receiver, is
also the power-supply connection that accepts a DC
supply in the +3.0V to +5.5V range. Alternatively, the
DC supply can be applied to pin 4.
Features
♦ First Amp Noise Figure*: 1.0dB
♦ High Gain**: 34.8dB
♦ 3.4dB Gain Step
♦ Integrated 50Ω Output Matching
♦ 3.0V to 5.5V Supply Voltage Range
♦ Small, Low-Cost Package (3mm x 3mm)
♦ ESD Protected to ±1kV Human Body Model
*Without external input impedance match.
**First amplifier input is impedance matched (S11 = -10dB).
Second amplifier set to high gain. Amplifiers cascaded without
interstage filter.
Ordering Information
PART
The GPS front-end amplifier is designed on a low-noise,
advanced SiGe process and is available in a lead-free,
10-pin TDFN surface-mount package (3mm x 3mm).
TEMP RANGE
MAX12000ETB+
-40°C to +85°C
+Denotes lead-free package.
Applications
PINPACKAGE
PKG
CODE
10 TDFN
T1033-2
Typical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet.
Integrated Automotive and Marine GPS
Receivers
Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram
TOP VIEW
+
RFIN2
1
GND
2
GND
10 RFOUT1
MAX12000
9
GND
8
GND
7
GAIN_SELECT
6
RFIN1
AMP 2
3
AMP 1
EXTCAP/ALT_VCC
4
RFOUT2/VCC
5
DC
GENERATION
TDFN
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
1
MAX12000
General Description
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
RFOUT1, RFOUT2, EXTCAP to GND...........-0.3V to (VCC + 0.5V)
RFIN1 Input Power (50Ω source) ...................................+15dBm
RFIN1 to GND........................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
RFIN2 to GND........................................................-0.3V to +1.0V
GAIN_SELECT to GND...............................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V)
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
10-Pin TDFN (derate 18.5mW/°C above +70°C) ........1481mW
Operating Ambient Temperature Range ...........-40°C to +105°C
Maximum Junction Temperature .....................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +3.0V to +5.5V, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +5.0V and at TA = +25°C. Pin 7 open, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
Supply Voltage
VCC
Supply Current
ICC
Gain-Select Input Current
IIL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
3.0
TA = +25°C
15.0
25
TA = -40°C to 105°C (Note 2)
MAX
UNITS
5.5
V
30.2
33
VIL = 0V
20
100
mA
µA
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +3.0V to +5.5V, PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +5.0V and at TA = +25°C. Input
matched to 50Ω, load = 50Ω, pin 7 open, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
Operation Frequency
AMP 1 Gain
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
fRF
⏐S21⏐
TYP
MAX
1575
50Ω source with no input match (Note 3)
15.0
50Ω source with input match
16.7
MHz
18.5
17.8
AMP 1 Gain Variation Over
Temperature
0.3
dB
dB
AMP 1 Noise Figure
NF
No input match (Notes 3, 4)
AMP 1 Input Third-Order
Intercept Point
IIP3
Two tones at 1574.5MHz and 1575.5MHz,
-35dBm per tone
-12
dBm
50Ω source with no input match (Note 3)
-19
dBm
-4.4
dB
-14.5
dB
AMP 1 Input 1dB Compression
Point
AMP 1 Input Return Loss
⏐S11⏐
AMP 1 Output Return Loss
⏐S22⏐
AMP 1 Reverse Isolation
⏐S12⏐
AMP 2 Gain
⏐S21⏐
AMP 2 Gain Step
1
UNITS
No input match (Note 3)
-33
Gain change when pin 7 is shorted to GND
AMP 2 Output Third-Order
Intercept Point
AMP 2 Output 1dB Compression
Point
2
dB
17
19.6
dB
-2.8
-3.4
-4.0
dB
1
NF
OIP3
dB
15.0
AMP 2 Gain Variation Over
Temperature
AMP 2 Noise Figure
1.3
dB
(Note 4)
2.0
Two tones at 1574.5MHz and 1575.5MHz,
-30dBm per tone
16.0
dBm
5.3
dBm
1.5
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.4
dB
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
(VCC = +3.0V to +5.5V, PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, TA = -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at +5.0V and at TA = +25°C. Input
matched to 50Ω, load = 50Ω, pin 7 open, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
AMP 2 Input Return Loss
⏐S11⏐
-21
dB
AMP 2 Output Return Loss
⏐S22⏐
-8.8
dB
AMP 2 Reverse Isolation
⏐S12⏐
-25
dB
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Note 4:
At TA = -40°C, the minimum and maximum values are guaranteed by design and characterization, unless otherwise noted.
At TA = -40°C and +105°C, the maximum value is guaranteed by design and characterization.
Measured using MAX12000 evaluation board with a DC-blocking capacitor at the input of LNA 1.
At TA = +25°C, the maximum value is guaranteed by design and characterization. Specification is corrected for board
losses on the MAX12000 EV kit.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, inputs and outputs are terminated to 50Ω, VCC = +5.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
5.0
4.5
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
0.7
1.5
0.6
1.0
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
HIGH-GAIN MODE
26.5
TA = +85°C
25.5
24.5
TA = +25°C
23.5
22.5
TA = -40°C
21.5
-40
100
TA = +105°C
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
AMP 1 GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(WITH EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
AMP 2 GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(PIN 7 OPEN)
AMP 2 GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
(PIN 7 SHORT TO GND)
GAIN (dB)
17.7
TA = +85°C
17.6
14.5
TA = -40°C
TA = +25°C
17.8
MAX12000 toc06
17.5
14.0
17.0
GAIN (dB)
TA = -40°C
17.9
TA = +25°C
16.5
TA = -40°C
13.5
TA = +85°C
13.0
TA = +105°C
12.5
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
17.5
16.0
TA = +105°C
17.4
17.3
TA = +105°C
15.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.0
5.5
5.5
15.0
MAX12000 toc05
18.0
18.0
MAX12000 toc04
18.1
GAIN (dB)
LOW-GAIN MODE
27.5
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
1.2
MAX12000 toc02
1.3
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
5.5
MAX12000 toc01
1.4
SUPPLY VOLTAGE vs. CURRENT
(PIN 7 OPEN)
AMP 2 NOISE FIGURE vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX12000 toc03
AMP 1 NOISE FIGURE vs. TEMPERATURE
(WITHOUT EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
12.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.0
5.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX12000
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, inputs and outputs are terminated to 50Ω, VCC = +5.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
16
16
15
10
8
LOW-GAIN MODE
6
14
4
13
2
-17
INPUT P1dB (dBm)
12
17
GAIN (dB)
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
800
2000
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
FREQUENCY (MHz)
AMP 2 OUTPUT P1dB vs. TEMPERATURE
(PIN 7 OPEN)
AMP 1 S11
(WITHOUT EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
-40
-2.5
20
40
60
80
-6
-8
-3.5
-10
5.2
5.0
4.8
-4.0
-12
-4.5
-14
-5.0
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-16
800
TEMPERATURE (°C)
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
800
1000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1200
1400
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
AMP 2 S11
AMP 2 S22
-5
MAX12000 toc14
-4
MAX12000 toc13
0
-6
-8
-10
S22 (dB)
S11 (dB)
-10
-15
-12
-14
-16
-18
-20
-20
-25
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
4
100
AMP 1 S22
S22 (dB)
S11 (dB)
0
-4
-3.0
5.4
-20
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-2.0
MAX12000 toc10
5.6
-20
-22
2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
5.8
-19
-21
0
12
-18
MAX12000 toc11
GAIN (dB)
HIGH-GAIN MODE
14
18
MAX12000 toc12
19
-16
MAX12000 toc08
18
MAX12000 toc07
20
AMP 1 INPUT P1dB vs. TEMPERATURE
(WITHOUT EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
AMP 2 GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX12000 toc09
AMP 1 GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
(WITH EXTERNAL INPUT IMPEDANCE MATCH)
OUTPUT P1dB (dB)
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
1800
2000
-22
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
1800
2000
1800
2000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
AMP 1 S12
AMP 2 S12
-24
S12 (dB)
S12 (dB)
-34
-36
MAX12000 toc16
-20
MAX12000 toc15
-32
-28
-32
-38
-36
-40
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
-40
800
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
1
RFIN2
Amplifier 2 Input. Incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor and is internally matched to 50Ω.
This input is designed to be connected to a bandpass filter.
2, 3, 8, 9
GND
Electrical Ground
4
EXTCAP/
ALT_VCC
External Smoothing Capacitor for Internal Supply Voltage or Can Be Used as the External DC Supply
Pin to Eliminate the Need for a Bias-T on Pin 5
5
RFOUT2/VCC
Amplifier 2 Output. Incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor and is internally matched to 50Ω.
DC bias on this pin serves as the power supply through a bias-T.
6
RFIN1
7
GAIN_SELECT
10
RFOUT1
EP
Exposed Pad
FUNCTION
Amplifier 1 Input. Requires external DC-blocking capacitor and matching components.
AMP 2 Gain Select. Open is high-gain mode. Short to ground is low-gain mode.
Amplifier 1 Output. Incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor and is internally matched to 50Ω.
This output is designed to drive a bandpass filter.
Ground. The exposed pad must be soldered to the circuit board for proper thermal and electrical
performance.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX12000
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(PIN = -40dBm, fIN = 1575MHz, inputs and outputs are terminated to 50Ω, VCC = +5.0V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
Supply
Detailed Description
The IC power can be supplied from the navigation system through the RF cable (pin 5). An integrated filter
circuit is connected to the output of LNA 2 to separate
the supply voltage from the GPS signal. Alternatively,
the supply voltage can be applied to the external
capacitor pin (pin 4).
The MAX12000 IC contains two LNA stages tuned for
use at 1575MHz.
AMP 1
AMP 1 has an internal load that limits the bandwidth
and provides a 50Ω output impedance through a DCblocking capacitor. The internal biasing for AMP 1 suppresses gain variation with changes in temperature and
supply voltage. At the input, an integrated DC-blocking
capacitor and matching network are intentionally omitted to allow selection of external components to optimize for noise or gain.
Layout Considerations
For best performance, carefully lay out the printed circuit board using high-frequency techniques. Use controlled-impedance transmission lines to interface with
the MAX12000 high-speed inputs and outputs and isolate the input signals from the output signals as much
as possible. For improved noise figure, keep the connection to the input of LNA 1 as short as possible. A
power-supply decoupling capacitor should be placed
very close to pin 4 and connected directly to a ground
plane. If low-gain selection for LNA 2 is required, connect pin 7 directly to the ground plane with a very short
printed circuit board trace. Good grounding is critical
for this device. The backside ground plane should be
as close as possible. See Figure 1 for printed circuit
board layout.
AMP 2 with Gain Step
The output of AMP 2 has the dual role of providing both
the RF output drive and receiving the DC power supply
through a single cable. Both the input and output ports
of AMP 2 are internally matched to 50Ω impedance at
1575MHz. A 3.4dB gain switch can be used to adjust
the gain for different applications. The gain-select pin is
connected to an inverter with an internal pullup resistor.
Hence, the gain-select pin is set by default to high-gain
mode. Shorting the gain-select pin to ground sets the
gain stage to a 3.4dB lower gain. As with AMP 1, AMP
2 has an internal load that limits the bandwidth, and the
amplifier’s internal biasing suppresses gain variation
with changes in temperature and supply voltage.
Typical Operating Circuit
SAW
PINNING:
1 = LNA 2 INPUT
2 = GND
3 = GND
4 = EXTCAP/ALT_VCC
5 = LNA 2 OUTPUT/VCC
6 = LNA 1 INPUT
7 = GAIN SETTING
8 = GND
9 = GND
10 = LNA 1 OUTPUT
MATCHING
NETWORK/
DC BLOCK
1
10
6
4
VCC
REG
VCC
REG
LNA 1
LNA 2
5
7
MAX12000
8/9
6
EXPOSED PADDLE
2/3
OUTPUT
GAIN SETTING
OPEN = 31.4dB GAIN
SHORT TO GROUND = 28dB GAIN
_______________________________________________________________________________________
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
MAX12000
Figure 1. Layout of the Evaluation Board Realized on 0.8mm FR4 (Not to Scale)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
6, 8, &10L, DFN THIN.EPS
MAX12000
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
D2
D
A2
PIN 1 ID
N
0.35x0.35
b
PIN 1
INDEX
AREA
E
[(N/2)-1] x e
REF.
E2
DETAIL A
e
k
A1
CL
CL
A
L
L
e
e
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6,8,10 & 14L,
TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm
-DRAWING NOT TO SCALE-
8
21-0137
_______________________________________________________________________________________
G
1
2
1575MHz GPS Front-End Amplifier
COMMON DIMENSIONS
MIN.
MAX.
D
0.70
2.90
0.80
3.10
E
A1
2.90
0.00
3.10
0.05
L
k
0.20
0.40
0.25 MIN.
A2
0.20 REF.
SYMBOL
A
PACKAGE VARIATIONS
PKG. CODE
N
D2
E2
e
JEDEC SPEC
b
[(N/2)-1] x e
DOWNBONDS
ALLOWED
T633-1
6
1.50±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.95 BSC
MO229 / WEEA
0.40±0.05
1.90 REF
NO
T633-2
6
1.50±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.95 BSC
MO229 / WEEA
0.40±0.05
1.90 REF
NO
T833-1
8
1.50±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.65 BSC
MO229 / WEEC
0.30±0.05
1.95 REF
NO
T833-2
8
1.50±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.65 BSC
MO229 / WEEC
0.30±0.05
1.95 REF
NO
T833-3
8
1.50±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.65 BSC
MO229 / WEEC
0.30±0.05
1.95 REF
YES
T1033-1
10
1.50±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.50 BSC
MO229 / WEED-3
0.25±0.05
2.00 REF
NO
T1433-1
14
1.70±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.40 BSC
----
0.20±0.05
2.40 REF
YES
T1433-2
14
1.70±0.10
2.30±0.10
0.40 BSC
----
0.20±0.05
2.40 REF
NO
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6,8,10 & 14L,
TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm
-DRAWING NOT TO SCALE-
21-0137
G
2
2
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 _____________________ 9
© 2006 Maxim Integrated Products
Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
MAX12000
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information
go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
Similar pages